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1994 North American Conference on Savannas and Barrens

Midwest Oak Ecosystems Recovery Plan DRAFT September 1994

INTRODUCTION

1. DEFINITION
2. HISTORIC STATUS
3. CURRENT CONDITION OF REMNANTS
4. CHARACTERIZATION
   1. Table 1:  Midwestern endemic rare plants identified from analysis of Appendices A & B
   2. Table 2:  Other rare/endangered plants reported from savanna/woodland communities in the Midwest
   3. Table 3:  Rare Animals of Midwestern Oak Savannas and Woodlands
5. MANAGEMENT
6. GOALS AND STRATEGIES
7. RESEARCH PRIORITIES
8. ROLES AND ACTIONS
9. LITERATURE CITED

Appendix A:  Attachments
Appendix B:  Comprehensive Midwest List of State-listed plants that are reported from savannas
Appendix C:  Geographic Affinities of State-listed Savanna Plant Species
Appendix D:  Status of Rare Animals associated with Midwestern Oak Savannas and Woodlands
Appendix E:  Research Questions for Restoration of Oak Savannas and Woodlands

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1994 Proceedings

I. History and Nature of Savannas

• Extent and Status of Midwest Oak Savanna: Presettlement and 1985
  Victoria A. Nuzzo
• How the Terms Savanna, Barrens, and Oak Openings Were Used in Early Illinois
  John White
• Landscape Pattern and Structure of Oak Savanna, Woodland and Barrens in Northeastern Illinois at the Time of European Settlement
  Marlin L. Bowles, Max D. Hutchison and Jeanette L. McBride
• Presettlement Barrens in the Glaciated Prairie Region of Illinois
  Marlin L. Bowles and Jeanette L. McBride
  
• Using the Public Land Survey Fieldnotes to Determine the Presettlement Character of the Midwestern Landscape with Particular Reference to the Southern Illinois Barrens
  Max D. Hutchison
  
• Pollen Analog Dates for the Upper Midwest Oak Savannas
  Duane Griffin
  
• Landscape and Environmental Constraints on the Distribution of Presettlement Savannas and Prairies in Southern Wisconsin
  Susan Will-Wolf and Timothy C. Montague
  
• Age Structure of Trees in Thorn Creek Woods
  Jon Mendelson
  
• Spatial Demography of an Oak Savanna in the Ozarks
  Sean J. Jenkins and Alan J. Rebertus

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II. Policy and Planning Issues in Savanna Conservation

• Why Savanna Classification Matters: The Implications for Land Management Planning, Review and Implementation
  Randy R. Heidorn
• The Environmental Protection Agency's Role in Ecosystem Management
  William D. Franz and Karen Holland
• Designing Refuges for the Florida Sand Pine Scrub Habitat
  Earl D. McCoy and Henry R. Mushinsky
• Smoke Management in Prescribed Burning
  Robert S. Stanton
• Conservation of the Prairie - Savanna Butterfly Community
  Ann B. Swengel
• Protecting the Karner Blue Butterfly in Wisconsin: Shifting Focus From Individuals to Populations and Processes
  Cathy Bleser and Mark K. Leach

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III. Savanna Fauna

• An Overview of Avian Communities in North American Savanna Habitats: Current Knowledge and Conservation Needs
  Jeffrey D. Brawn
• Bird Communities of Restored Barrens and Savannas of Southern Illinois
  Scott K. Robinson
• Breeding Birds of the Midwestern Grassland - Forest Transition Zone: Who Were They and Where Are They Now?
  James R. Herkert
• Birds of Wisconsin Oak Savannas: Past, Present and Future
  David W. Sample and Michael J. Mossman
• Patch Dynamics of Amphibians and Reptiles in Northeastern Illinois Savanna Ecosystem
  Kenneth S. Mierzwa
  
• Rodent Population Dynamics in an Open Oak Woodland, Chamise Chaparral, and Valley Grassland Habitat Mosaic in Southern California
  Edward J. Heske, Daniel L. Rosenblatt and Derrick W. Sugg
  
• What Can Geolycosa Wolf Spiders Tell Us About Florida Biogeography?
  Samuel D. Marshall and Mark A. Deyrup
  
• The Endangered Mississippi Sandhill Crane and Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna
  Scott G. Hereford
  
• Butterfly (Rhopalocera) Fauna of the Oak Barrens and Adjacent Habitats of Lake Argyle State Park and McDonough County, Illinois
  David F. Hess and Yale Sedman
  
• Dancing with Fire: Oak Barrens/Savanna Patch Dynamics, Management, and the Karner Blue Butterfly
  John A. Shuey

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IV. Plant Response to Savanna Habitats

• Plant Population Dynamics in Response to Fire in Turkey Oak-Longleaf Pine Barrens and Related Communities in Southeast Virginia
  Allen E. Plocher
  
• The Herbaceous Understory Response of a Degraded Oak Savanna to Prescribed Burning
  Ann M. Pierce
  
• The Effect of Cattle Grazing on Aspen Understory Vegetation at High Altitude
  Barbara A. Frase
  
• Demographic Effects of Fire on Woody Plants of the Cerrado Savanna of Central Brazil
  William A. Hoffman
  
• Distribution of Understory Plant Species Along Light and Soil Depth Gradients in an Upland Oak Savanna in Southern Wisconsin
  Brian W. Pruka
  
• Phenological and Physiological Response of Shooting Star (Dodecatheon meadia L.) in Prairie and Savanna Habitats
  Dan Gustafson and Roger C. Anderson
  
• Savanna Plant Species Distributions Along Gradients of Sun-shade and Soils
  Mark K. Leach
  
• Analysis of a Flower Color Polymorphism in Viola pedata (Bird's Foot Violet)
  Steven B. Carroll and Peter C. Goldman
  
• Relationships Between Grass and Composite Densities, and Woody Plant Structure in Northeastern Illinois
  Charles A. Ruedebush and Dennis W. Nyberg
  
• Fall planting of Woodland Grasses is More Successful than Spring Seeding
  Dennis Nyberg

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V. Restoration and Management

• Restoring the Herb Layer in a Degraded Bur Oak "Closed" Savanna
  Steve Packard and John Balaban
• Measuring Changes in Oak Savannas: A Review and Recommendations for a Monitoring Protocol
  Alan Haney and Steven I. Apfelbaum
  
• A Restoration Plan for Mesic Deep, Black Soil Savanna
  Mary C. Hruska and John E. Ebinger
  
• Evolutionary Models of Plant Populations/Community Dynamics and Conservation of Southeastern Pine Savannas
  William J. Platt
  
• Parklands Savanna Restoration
  Roger Anderson, Don Schmidt, M. Rebecca Anderson, and Dan Gustafson
  
• Changes in a Dry Oak Forest After a Third Prescribed Burn
  Virginia Kline
  
• Breeding Bird Communities and Management Implications for Wisconsin Pine and Oak Barrens
  Michael J. Mossman and David W. Sample
  
• Vegetation Analysis of a Restored Southern Illinois Shale Barrens
  R. Todd Bittner, David J. Gibson, Robin K. McCall, and K. Andrew West

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VI. Regional Variation in Savannas and Barrens

• Barrens as an Ecological Term: An Overview of Usage in the Scientific Literature
  Michael A. Homoya
• The Big Barrens Region of Kentucky and Tennessee: A Short Review
  Jerry M. Baskin, Carol C. Baskin and Edward W. Chester
  
• Vegetational Ecology of Southern Flatwoods on the Illinoian Tillplain (Illinois)
  John B. Taft, Mark W. Schwartz and Loy R. Phillippe
  
• Observations on Tennessee Barrens
  H. R. DeSelm
  
• A Botanical "Lost World" in Central Alabama
  James R. Allison
  
• Quercus stellata Growth and Stand Characteristics in the Quercus stellata-Quercus Marilandica Forest Type in the Cross Timbers Region of Central Oklahoma
  James F. Rosson, Jr
  
• Vegetational Structure of Some Post Oak Barrens in Saline County, Illinois
  John E. Ebinger, Rex Buhrmester and William McClain
  
• The Chestnut Oak and Post Oak Woodlands of Land Between The Lakes, Kentucky and Tennessee
  Scott B. Franklin and James S. Fralish
  
• Inventory, Description and Management of Sandstone Gladesin Western Louisiana
  Barbara R. MacRoberts, Susan Carr, and Michael MacRoberts
  
• Re-Analysis of the Pine Barrens of Wisconsin
  J. Drake and Don Faber-Langendoen
  
• Vegetation Survey of a Quartzite Glade in Sauk Co. Wisconsin
  Patricia K. Armstrong

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VII. Posters

• Burr Oak Savanna to Sugar Maple Forest: Historic and Current Vegetational Patterns in the Funks Grove Natural Area
  Bradley J. Arnold and Roger C. Anderson
  
• Restoration of an Oak Savanna in the Cook County Forest Preserves: Management Practices and Results
  Victor J. Guarino and Jean M. Guarino
  
• Dwarf Mangrove Forests and Savannas of South Florida
  Patrick Kangas
  
• Presettlement Forests on the 5th Principle Meridian, Missouri Territory, 1815
  John C. Nelson
  
• The Effects of Artificial Burning on Cambrial Tissue of Selected Tree Species of the Central Hardwood Region of North America
  Matthew S. Russell and Jeffrey O. Dawson
  
• Anthropogenic Savannas of the Allegheny Plateau: Nonproductive Wastelands or Elements of Diversity?
  Charles E. Williams
  
• The University of Wisconsin-Madison Arboretum's Volunteer Team Leader Program
  K. J. Cartwright and M. Fifield-Murray
  
• Life of the Edge: Seasonal Habitat Selection and Diet Choice of the Eastern Fox Squirrel (Sciurus niger)
  Dianne M. Jedlicka
  
• Complementary Conservation Planning for New Hampshire's Pine Barrens
  Patrick McCarthy and David Eric Van Luven
  
• Stand Structure and Dynamics in a Formerly Managed Longleaf Pine Savanna
  Brian Palik and Neil Pederson
  
• How to Recognize an Overgrown Savanna Remnant: A Guide for Landowners
  Brian W. Pruka
  
• Successful Cative Rearing of the Federally endangered Karner Blue Butterfly
  David Eric VanLuvens

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