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Textiles & Apparel

Textiles & Apparel

Textiles and Apparel is a subsector of the Shelter Sector. Industries in this subsector manufacture yarn or fabric into clothing or practical items such as sheets and towels. This sector also includes the manufacture and trade of jewelry.

CMap

Building and Home Construction includes sectors that construct commercial buildings and residences, and may include new construction, additions, or alterations. City planning refers to the development of guidelines, integrating landuse and transportation planning, to improve the economic, social, and structural functioning of cities. Construction codes and regulations control the location, number, and development of construction projects, including buildings, homes, and coastal structures. Contact Uses, such as biological additions, physical damage, and biological harvesting, are activities in which humans create pressures through direct contact with the ecosystem. Discharge limitations are responses to regulate and control the discharge of pollutants and the use of chemicals. Dredging is the process of excavating material from an area to maintain ship channels and harbors for safe navigation. Ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain from ecosystems . Housing is a subsector of the Shelter Sector. Infrastructural policies are responses, including zoning, codes, or regulations, that impact the distribution and functioning of socio-economic sectors that provide infrastructure. Landscape Changes are alterations of the natural landscape through human activities, including coastal development, shoreline armoring, impervious surfaces, deforestation, or soil disturbance, which can alter water flow patterns and lead to pollutant runoff into coastal systems. Landscape conservation and restoration refers to efforts to protect and restore disturbed natural landscapes, such as through hydroseeding or beach renourishment. Household and Landscaping Services are subsectors that provide for the maintenance of homes, buildings, and urban landscapes. Landuse management pertains to responses that determine the use of land for development and construction. Manufacturing and trade regulations are laws and policies enacted to control production, distribution, and sale of goods and services. Non-point source pollution is runoff from diffuse sources that is caused by rainwater moving over and through the ground, carrying pollutants with it and depositing them in coastal waters. Permitting is documentation required for new construction and remodeling/renovation, in compliance with national, regional, and local zoning and building codes. The Reef Ecosystem includes a suite of abiotic variables that form the physical and chemical environment. Physical Damage to reef habitat and wetlands can occur from vessel groundings, dredging, trampling, boat movement, anchor drops, trawling, and fishing gear. Pressures are human activities that create stress on the environment. The state of the Reef Ecosystem is the condition, in terms of quantity and quality, of the abiotic and biotic components including physical, chemical, and biological variables. Reef Life is the abundance, distribution, and condition of the biological components of the coral reef ecosystem. Regulating Services are benefits obtained from ecosystem processes that regulate the environment, including erosion regulation, natural hazard regulation, and climate regulation. Responses are actions taken by groups or individuals in society and government to prevent, compensate, ameliorate or adapt to changes in Ecosystem Services or their perceived value. Shelter includes sectors that provide for the comfort and protection of humans in relation to their living spaces. Shoreline Protection is the attenuation of wave energy by reefs that protects coastal communities against shoreline erosion and flooding during storms, hurricanes, and tsunamis that can cause property damage and loss of life. Socio-Economic Drivers include the sectors that fulfill human needs for Food & Raw Materials, Water, Shelter, Health, Culture, and Security, and the Infrastructure that supports the sectors. Textiles and Apparel is a subsector of the Shelter Sector. Waterborne discharges include direct and indirect discharges of pollutants into the aquatic environment, including chemicals, nutrients, sediment, and pathogens.

CMap Description

Manufacture and trade of textiles and apparel requires construction and maintenance of factories and buildings. Landscape changes, including devegetation and soil disturbance can affect rates of non-point source runoff. In coastal areas, development may require shoreline armoring or dredging activities, which can directly impact coastal vegetation and alter patterns of water flow. Coral reef species (particularly the red and pink Coralliidae corals) are harvested for use in jewelry. Textiles and apparel sectors benefit from shoreline protection, as well as indirectly from aesthetic value and recreational opportunities that drive sales of local textiles, souvenirs, and ornamental jewelry. Impacts of development can be reduces through use of construction codes, permitting, and zoning. Landscape restoration, such as hydroseeding, may be used to restore areas of significant vegetation loss.

Citations

Citation Year Study Location Study Type Database Topics
Molina, J., A. I. del Rio, J. Bonastre, and F. Cases. 2010. Influence of the scan rate on the morphology of polyaniline grown on conducting fabrics. Centipede-like morphology. Synthetic Metals 160:99-107. 2010 Textiles & Apparel
Sando, J. J., K. Usher, and P. Buettner. 2010. 'To Swim or Not To Swim': the impact of jellyfish stings causing Irukandji Syndrome in Tropical Queensland. Journal Of Clinical Nursing 19:109-117. 2010 Australia Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Education & Outreach; Textiles & Apparel
O'Garra, T. 2009. Bequest Values for Marine Resources: How Important for Indigenous Communities in Less-Developed Economies? Pages 24-Jan Environmental and Resource Economics. 2009 Fiji Finfish Harvest; Housing; Monetary Valuation; Textiles & Apparel; Valuation
Warrell, D. A. 2007. Venomous animals. Medicine 35:659-662. 2007 Australia Octopus & Squid; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Storms & Hurricanes; Textiles & Apparel
Erridge, L. 2005. Paris yarn trends. Knitting International 112:32-33. 2005 Oman Microorganisms; Textiles & Apparel
Harrison, S. L., P. A. Leggat, P. J. Fenner, D. N. Durrheim, and A. L. Swinbourne. 2004. Reported Knowledge, Perceptions, and Behavior of Tourists and North Queensland Residents at Risk of Contact with Jellyfish that Cause the \Irukandji Syndrome\"". Wilderness and Environmental Medicine 15:10-Apr. 2004 Australia Textiles & Apparel; Tourism & Recreation; Travel Services & Tour Operators
Buckley, R. 2002. Surf tourism and sustainable development in Indo-Pacific Islands. I. The industry and the islands. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 10:405-424. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii Agriculture; Cultural Policies; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Drinking Water Supply; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Textiles & Apparel; Tourism & Recreation
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2002. Water-Efficient Landscaping: Preventing Pollution & Using Resources Wisely. 4204M, US EPA. 2002 Climate; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Housing; Landscaping & Household Services; Textiles & Apparel
Baker, M. 2001. A kaleidoscope of colour and texture. World of Embroidery 52:38-39. 2001 Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Textiles & Apparel
Newman, D. J., G. M. Cragg, and K. M. Snader. 2000. The influence of natural products upon drug discovery. Natural Product Reports 17:215-234. 2000 Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Textiles & Apparel
Spennemann, D. H. R. and B. Franke. 1995. Decomposition of buried human bodies and associated death scene materials on coral atolls in the tropical pacific. Journal of Forensic Sciences 40:356-367. 1995 US Pacific & Hawaii; Marshall Islands Textiles & Apparel
Hay, M. E., J. E. Duffy, and W. Fenical. 1990. Host-plant specialization decreases predation on a marine amphipod: an herbivore in plant's clothing. Ecology 71:733-743. 1990 Bivalves; Fleshy Macroalgae; Textiles & Apparel
Kazmierczak, J. 1989. Halysitid tabulates: sponges in corals' clothing. Lethaia 22:195-205. 1989 Field Study & Monitoring Sponges; Textiles & Apparel

Management Options

Management Option Description Sources Database Topics
Discharge Controls: Survey and Manage Household Chemical Use This management option targets household indoor and outdoor chemical use (pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, cleaners, detergents, solvents, etc). Though these chemicals are typically used in small amounts, many make their way into the watershed because of improper use. Before designing a plan to manage these chemicals, data must be gathered from the local community through surveys. An ideal survey would gather information on what chemicals are being used, how they are used, and how they are disposed of. Enforcing proper use and disposal is very difficult, making a strong education program in response to findings from the study essential. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Use Regulations; Chemical Variables; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Culture; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Housing; Improved Technology; Landscaping & Household Services; Non-point Source Controls; Shelter; Textiles & Apparel; Toxics
Resource Use Management: Develop Water Efficiency Initiatives Reducing water use through cost effective water efficiency improvements can be beneficial as it reduces pressure on water as a finite resource and saves money. There are several ways water efficiency can be promoted. Some Water Efficiency BMPs recommended by the EPA include: Water Management Planning; Information and Education Programs; Distribution System Audits, Leak Detection and Repair; Water-Efficient Landscaping, Water-Efficient Irrigation; Toilets and Urinals; Faucets and Showerheads; Boiler/Steam Systems; Single-Pass Cooling Equipment; Cooling Tower Management; Commercial Kitchen Equipment; Laboratory/ Medical Equipment; Other Water Intensive Processes; Alternative Water Sources. One of the ways the US government has promoted Water Efficiency Initiatives is through Executive order 13123 which places certain water use reduction requirements on Federal Agencies. There are also existing funding and incentives for non-government sectors. Project funding comes in many forms, such as appropriations, energy savings performance contract (ESPC) and Utility Energy Service Contract (UESCs) programs; ratepayer incentive programs such as rebates from public benefit funds or utilities; and the retention of energy and water cost savings. US Department of Energy. 2008. Establishing Baseline and Meeting Water Conservation Goals of Executive Order 13423.

Environmental Protection Agency. Federal Water Efficiency Best Management Practices. Federal Energy Management Program Accessed 7/12/2011.

Agriculture; Collaboration & Partnering; Designated Uses; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Environmental Education & Outreach; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Hydrologic Management; Irrigation; Landscaping & Household Services; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Resource Use Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Textiles & Apparel; Utilities; Utility Policies; Water; Water Resources; Water Utilities Policies; Waterborne Discharges

Laws

Legal Citation Purpose of Law Management Organization Database Topics

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