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Sectors Filling Human Needs

Sectors Filling Human Needs

Many socio-economic sectors are devoted to fulfilling basic Human Needs for food, shelter, health, social relations, culture, and security(Hassan et al. 2005).

CMap

Civil Engineering and Construction specializes in the design and construction of infrastructure, including buildings and homes, roads, utility lines, and ports. Contact Uses, such as biological additions, physical damage, and biological harvesting, are activities in which humans create pressures through direct contact with the ecosystem. Cultural policies are responses that impact the distribution and functioning of cultural sectors, including tourism, recreation, education, and social organization. Cultural services are the nonmaterial benefits people obtain from ecosystems through spiritual enrichment, cognitive development, recreational opportunities, aesthetic experiences, sense of place, and educational and research opportunities. Culture sectors contribute to the social, emotional, and intellectual well-being of the community. Discharges are the intentional or unintentional distribution of chemicals, debris, or other pollution, into the environment as a consequence of human activities. Ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain from ecosystems . The Finance and Insurance sector is primarily involved in financial transactions and facilitating such financial transactions. Food & energy policies are legislation, restrictions, and guidelines that pertain to sectors that harvest or extract natural resources. The Food and Raw Materials sector includes groups that harvest natural resources from the earth, including agriculture, aquaculture, fishing, forestry, mining, and the oil and gas industry. The Health sector includes groups which provide for human health through medical and social care, and maintenance and disposal of waste. Health policies are responses that impact the functioning of health sectors, including waste management facilities, biomedical research, and development and sale of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Infrastructural policies are responses, including zoning, codes, or regulations, that impact the distribution and functioning of socio-economic sectors that provide infrastructure. Infrastructural sectors provide the physical, organizational, and technical support for the economy to function, including construction, utilities, transportation, finance, manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, and technical services. Landscape Changes are alterations of the natural landscape through human activities, including coastal development, shoreline armoring, impervious surfaces, deforestation, or soil disturbance, which can alter water flow patterns and lead to pollutant runoff into coastal systems. Industries in the Manufacturing and Trade subsector produce and sell food, beverage, tobacco, wood, plastics, chemical products, metals, electronics, and machinery products, in both wholesale and retail trade. The Reef Ecosystem includes a suite of abiotic variables that form the physical and chemical environment. Pressures are human activities that create stress on the environment. Provisioning services are the products or ecosystem goods obtained from ecosystems, including seafood, genetic and biochemical resources, pharmaceuticals, ornamental resources, and water resources. The state of the Reef Ecosystem is the condition, in terms of quantity and quality, of the abiotic and biotic components including physical, chemical, and biological variables. Reef Life is the abundance, distribution, and condition of the biological components of the coral reef ecosystem. Regulating Services are benefits obtained from ecosystem processes that regulate the environment, including erosion regulation, natural hazard regulation, and climate regulation. Responses are actions taken by groups or individuals in society and government to prevent, compensate, ameliorate or adapt to changes in Ecosystem Services or their perceived value. Many socio-economic sectors are devoted to fulfilling basic Human Needs for food, shelter, health, social relations, culture, and security. The Security Sector provides security to the country and its people effectively and under democratic principles. Security and public administration policies are responses to improve the decision-making and enforcement abilities of governmental institutions. Shelter includes sectors that provide for the comfort and protection of humans in relation to their living spaces. Socio-Economic Drivers include the sectors that fulfill human needs for Food & Raw Materials, Water, Shelter, Health, Culture, and Security, and the Infrastructure that supports the sectors. Supporting services are ecological processes that indirectly benefit humans by maintaining a functional ecosystem for the production of other ecosystem goods and services. The Transportation Sector involves comprises all modes of transportation (Aviation, Maritime, Mass Transit, Highway, Freight Rail, and Pipeline) The Transportation Systems Sector is segmented into six key subsectors, or modes, which operate independently within both a regulated and non-regulated environment, yet are also highly interdependent. Utilities specialize in providing basic services for public use, including telecommunications, water systems, natural gas, electric power, and waste management. Water Sectors include those that pertain to provisioning of water for public use, including the drinking water supply, irrigation systems for agriculture, and water for critical services (such as firefighting and hospitals).

CMap Description

Socio-economic drivers result in human activities that may intentionally or unintentionally exert pressures on the environment, and lead to changes in the state of the reef ecosystem, including the physical and chemical environment and reef life. Changes in the quality and functioning of the reef ecosystem have an impact on the provision of ecosystem services, which directly or indirectly benefit human well-being by fulfilling many human needs. The drivers that benefit from the ecosystem services may, or may not be the same drivers that exert pressures on the reef ecosystem. Humans make decisions in response to the impacts on ecosystem services or their perceived value. Responses may seek to control socio-economic drivers through policies or economic decisions that directly influence sectors.

Citations

More than 2000 citations. Sorting and filtering have been disabled. Choose a more specific topic to narrow number of citations.

Citation Year Study Location Study Type Database Topics
Principe, P., P. Bradley, S. Yee, W. Fisher, E. Johnson, P. Allen, and D. Campbell. 2012. Quantifying Coral Reef Ecosystem Services. EPA/600/R-11/206, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. 2012 Global Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Beach & Land Formation; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corporate Responses; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Cultural Services; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fish; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Provisioning Services; Regulating Services; Seagrasses; Shoreline Protection; Supporting Services; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
US EPA. 2011. Vessel General Permit Fact Sheet. 2011 Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Military; Tourism & Recreation
Waite, R., E. Cooper, N. Zenny, and L. Burke. 2011. Coastal Capital: Jamaica - The Economic Value of Jamaica�s Coral Reef-Related Fisheries. Working Paper, World Resources Institute and The Nature Conservancy, Washington, D. C. (USA). 2011 Global; Jamaica Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Coastal Development; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Ocean Acidity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Chien, CS; Liao, TY; Hong, TF; Kuo, TY; Wu, JL; Lee, TM. 2011. Investigation into microstructural properties of fluorapatite Nd-YAG laser clad coatings with PVA and WG binders. Surface and Coatings Technology 205:3141-3146. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Dick, DM; Hines, EM. 2011. Using distance sampling techniques to estimate bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) abundance at Turneffe Atoll, Belize. Marine Mammal Science 27:606-621. 2011 South & Central America; Belize Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Ports & Harbors; Whales & Dolphins
Velasquez, J; Lopez-Angarita, J; Sanchez, JA. 2011. Evaluation of the FORAM index in a case of conservation Benthic foraminifera as indicators of ecosystem resilience in protected and non-protected coral reefs of the southern caribbean. Biodiversity and Conservation 20:3591-3603. 2011 Global; South & Central America; Caribbean Index or Indicator Agriculture; Algae; Climate; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Sediment; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Aligizaki, K; Katikou, P; Milandri, A; Diogene, J. 2011. Occurrence of palytoxin-group toxins in seafood and future strategies to complement the present state of the art. Toxicon 57:390-399. 2011 Review Echinoderms; Fish; Molluscs
Nithyanand, P; Indhumathi, T; Ravi, AV; Pandian, SK. 2011. Culture independent characterization of bacteria associated with the mucus of the coral Acropora digitifera from the Gulf of Mannar. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 27:1399-1406. 2011 Stony Coral
Betancur-R, R; Hines, A; Acero, A; Orti, G; Wilbur, AE; Freshwater, DW. 2011. Reconstructing the lionfish invasion: insights into Greater Caribbean biogeography. Journal of Biogeography 38:1281-1293. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bahamas; Bermuda; Caribbean Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Invasive Species
DeSantis, MK; Brett, CE. 2011. Late Eifelian (Middle Devonian) biocrises: Timing and signature of the pre-Kacak Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events in eastern North America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 304:113-135. 2011 Global; India; Europe; Spain; Germany Bivalves
Taylor, SM; Loew, ER; Grace, MS. 2011. Developmental shifts in functional morphology of the retina in Atlantic tarpon, Megalops atlanticus (Elopomorpha: Teleostei) between four ecologically distinct life-history stages. Visual Neuroscience 28:309-323. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean; Mexico; Europe Fish; Fishing Sector; Light; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Strubin, C; Steinegger, M; Bshary, R. 2011. On Group Living and Collaborative Hunting in the Yellow Saddle Goatfish (Parupeneus cyclostomus). Ethology 117:961-969. 2011 Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Yee, SH; Santavy, DL; Kern, JW; Hession, S. 2011. Consideration of species community composition in statistical analyses of coral disease risk. Marine Ecology Progress Series 431:83-96. 2011 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; Model Climate; Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Stony Coral
Torres-Pratts, H; Lado-Insua, T; Rhyne, AL; Rodriguez-Matos, L; Schizas, NV. 2011. Two distinct, geographically overlapping lineages of the corallimorpharian Ricordea florida (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia: Ricordeidae). Coral Reefs 30:391-396. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fishing Sector; Special Use Permitting
Anthony, KRN; Maynard, JA; Diaz-Pulido, G; Mumby, PJ; Marshall, PA; Cao, L; Hoegh-Guldberg, O. 2011. Ocean acidification and warming will lower coral reef resilience. Global Change Biology 17:1798-1808. 2011 Global Model Algae; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity
Klemas, V. 2011. Beach Profiling and LIDAR Bathymetry: An Overview with Case Studies. Journal of Coastal Research 27:1019-1028. 2011 Global; Florida Review; Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Wetlands
Roche, RC; Abel, RL; Johnson, KG; Perry, CT. 2011. Spatial variation in porosity and skeletal element characteristics in apical tips of the branching coral Acropora pulchra (Brook 1891). Coral Reefs 30:195-201. 2011 Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites
Vila-Nova, DA; Bender, MG; Carvalho, A; Ferreira, CEL; Floeter, SR. 2011. The Use of Non-reef Habitats by Brazilian Reef Fish Species: Considerations for the Design of Marine Protected Areas. Natureza and Conservacao 9:79-86. 2011 Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Seagrasses
Sutherland, K. P., S. Shaban, J. L. Joyner, J. W. Porter, and E. K. Lipp. 2011. Human Pathogen Shown to Cause Disease in the Threatened Eklhorn Coral Acropora palmata. PLoS One 6:1-7. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Index or Indicator Pathogens; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge
Whitall, D. R., B. M. Costa, L. J. Bauer, A. Dieppa, and S. D. Hile, editors. 2011. A Baseline Assessment of the Ecological Resources of Jobos Bay, Puerto Rico. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 133, NOAA, Silver Spring, (MD, USA). 2011 Puerto Rico Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Marine Debris; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics
Lamaskin, TA; Stanley, GD; Caruthers, AH; Rosenblatt, MR. 2011. Detrital Record Of Upper Triassic Reefs In The Olds Ferry Terrane, Blue Mountains Province, Northeastern Oregon, United States. Palaios 26:779-789. 2011 Sediment; Sponges
Videler, JJ. 2011. An opinion paper: emphasis on white muscle development and growth to improve farmed fish flesh quality. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 37:337-343. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest
Nemeth, K; Cronin, SJ. 2011. Drivers of explosivity and elevated hazard in basaltic fissure eruptions: The 1913 eruption of Ambrym Volcano, Vanuatu (SW-Pacific). Pages 194-209 in 3rd International Maar Conference (3IMC). AMSTERDAM. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Vanuatu Medical Centers; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Mouillot, D; Albouy, C; Guilhaumon, F; Lasram, FBR; Coll, M; Devictor, V; Meynard, CN; Pauly, D; Tomasini, JA; Troussellier, M; Velez, L; Watson, R; Douzery, EJP; Mouquet, N. 2011. Protected and Threatened Components of Fish Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea. Current Biology 21:1044-1050. 2011 Global Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Shester, GG; Micheli, F. 2011. Conservation challenges for small-scale fisheries: Bycatch and habitat impacts of traps and gillnets. Biological Conservation 144:1673-1681. 2011 South & Central America; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Hamilton, RJ; Potuku, T; Montambault, JR. 2011. Community-based conservation results in the recovery of reef fish spawning aggregations in the Coral Triangle. Biological Conservation 144:1850-1858. 2011 Micronesia; Papua New Guinea; Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Kenkel, CD; Traylor, MR; Wiedenmann, J; Salih, A; Matz, MV. 2011. Fluorescence of coral larvae predicts their settlement response to crustose coralline algae and reflects stress. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 278:2691-2697. 2011 Global Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Biotechnology Research & Development; Climate; Coralline Algae; Stony Coral
Sinclair, W; Newman, SJ; Vianna, GMS; Williams, S; Aspden, WJ. 2011. Spatial Subdivision and Genetic Diversity in Populations on the East and West Coasts of Australia: The Multi-Faceted Case of Nautilus pompilius (Mollusca, Cephalopoda). Reviews in Fisheries Science 19:52-61. 2011 Australia Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid
McClanahan, TR; Huntington, BE; Cokos, B. 2011. Coral responses to macroalgal reduction and fisheries closure on Caribbean patch reefs. Marine Ecology Progress Series 437:89-102. 2011 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins; Seawater Flow; Stony Coral
Borges, MEN; Riding, JB; Fernandes, P; Pereira, Z. 2011. The Jurassic (Pliensbachian to Kimmeridgian) palynology of the Algarve Basin and the Carrapateira outlier, southern Portugal. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 163:190-204. 2011 Europe; France Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment
Edgar, GJ; Banks, SA; Bessudo, S; Cortes, J; Guzman, HM; Henderson, S; Martinez, C; Rivera, F; Soler, G; Ruiz, D; Zapata, FA. 2011. Variation in reef fish and invertebrate communities with level of protection from fishing across the Eastern Tropical Pacific seascape. Global Ecology and Biogeography 20:730-743. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Costa Rica; Panama Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
McClanahan, TR. 2011. Human and coral reef use interactions: From impacts to solutions? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 408:3-10. 2011 Review Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Funding & Incentives; Marine Protected Areas
Lecchini, D; Mills, SC; Brie, C; Lo, CM; Banaigs, B. 2011. Chemical stimuli in coral reefs: how butterflyfishes find their food. Environmental Biology of Fishes 91:303-309. 2011 Aquaculture; Corallivorous Fish; Fish
McClanahan, TR. 2011. Coral reef fish communities in management systems with unregulated fishing and small fisheries closures compared with lightly fished reefs - Maldives vs. Kenya. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 21:186-198. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; Kenya; Maldives; India Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Small Herbivorous Fish
Vijayanand, P; Anbalagan, T; Saravanan, R; Ammaiappan, V; Rajagopal, S. 2011. Diversity Of Wrasse Species Along Gulf Of Mannar Biosphere Reserve (South East Coast Of India). Thalassas 27:57-66. 2011 India Index or Indicator Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Planktivorous Fish
Jayaraju, N; Reddy, BCSR; Reddy, KR. 2011. Anthropogenic impact on Andaman coast monitoring with benthic foraminifera, Andaman Sea, India. Environmental Earth Sciences 62:821-829. 2011 India Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges
Lorenzo, B; Ilaria, V; Sergio, R; Stefano, S; Giovanni, S. 2011. Involvement of recreational scuba divers in emblematic species monitoring: The case of Mediterranean red coral (Corallium rubrum). Journal for Nature Conservation 19:312-318. 2011 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
Mumby, PJ; Harborne, AR; Brumbaugh, DR. 2011. Grouper as a Natural Biocontrol of Invasive Lionfish. PLoS One 6. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invasive Species; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish
Ruttenberg, BI; Hamilton, SL; Walsh, SM; Donovan, MK; Friedlander, A; DeMartini, E; Sala, E; Sandin, SA. 2011. Predator-Induced Demographic Shifts in Coral Reef Fish Assemblages. PLoS One 6. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Gondim, AI; Dias, TLP; Campos, FF; Alonso, C; Christoffersen, ML. 2011. Benthic macrofauna from Areia Vermelha Marine State Park, Cabedelo, Paraiba, Brazil. Biota Neotropica 11:75-86. 2011 China Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Echinoderms; Hydrocoral; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Seastars; Tourism & Recreation
Goater, S; Derne, B; Weinstein, P. 2011. Critical Issues in the Development of Health Information Systems in Supporting Environmental Health: A Case Study of Ciguatera. Environmental Health Perspectives 119:585-590. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Review Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Health Policies; Pathogens; Surface & Groundwater Flow
McClanahan, TR; Hicks, CC. 2011. Changes in life history and ecological characteristics of coral reef fish catch composition with increasing fishery management. Fisheries Management and Ecology 18:50-60. 2011 Kenya Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Ali, AHAM; Hamed, MA; Abd El-Azim, H. 2011. Heavy metals distribution in the coral reef ecosystems of the Northern Red Sea. Helgoland Marine Research 65:67-80. 2011 Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Octocoral; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Vignon, M; Dierking, J. 2011. Prey regurgitation and stomach vacuity among groupers and snappers. Environmental Biology of Fishes 90:361-366. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii Apex Fish Predators; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Anthony, K. R. N., J. A. Maynard, G. Diaz-Pulido, P. J. Mumby, P. A. Marshall, L. Coa, and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. 2011. Ocean acidification and warming will lower coral reef resilience. Global Change Biology doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02364.x. 2011 Global Model Algae; Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity
Adams, AJ; Hill, JE; Samoray, C. 2011. Characteristics of spawning ground fidelity by a diadromous fish: a multi-year perspective. Environmental Biology of Fishes 92:403-411. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico GIS & Maps Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish
Nanola, CL; Alino, PM; Carpenter, KE. 2011. Exploitation-related reef fish species richness depletion in the epicenter of marine biodiversity. Environmental Biology of Fishes 90:405-420. 2011 Philippines Aquarium & Pet Trade; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Burt, J; Al-Harthi, S; Al-Cibahy, A. 2011. Long-term impacts of coral bleaching events on the world's warmest reefs. Marine Environmental Research 72:225-229. 2011 India Climate; Housing; Stony Coral
Tyler, EHM; Manica, A; Jiddawi, N; Speight, MR. 2011. A role for partially protected areas on coral reefs: maintaining fish diversity? Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 21:231-238. 2011 Tanzania Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
McClanahan, TR; Muthiga, NA; Coleman, RA. 2011. Testing for top-down control: can post-disturbance fisheries closures reverse algal dominance? Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 21:658-675. 2011 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Arroyo, AM; Naim, SM; Hidalgo, JZ. 2011. Vulnerability to climate change of marine and coastal fisheries in Mexico. Atmosfera 24:103-123. 2011 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Model Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mitigation; Physical Variables; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetlands
Savriama, Y; Klingenberg, CP. 2011. Beyond bilateral symmetry: geometric morphometric methods for any type of symmetry. BMC Evolutionary Biology 11. 2011 Algae; Housing; Sea Urchins; Stony Coral
Farmer, BM; Wilson, SK. 2011. Diet of finfish targeted by fishers in North West Australia and the implications for trophic cascades. Environmental Biology of Fishes 91:71-85. 2011 Australia Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Garcia-Reyero, N; Habib, T; Pirooznia, M; Gust, KA; Gong, P; Warner, C; Wilbanks, M; Perkins, E. 2011. Conserved toxic responses across divergent phylogenetic lineages: a meta-analysis of the neurotoxic effects of RDX among multiple species using toxicogenomics. Ecotoxicology 20:580-594. 2011 Military; Stony Coral
Biggs, D. 2011. Understanding Resilience in a Vulnerable Industry: the Case of Reef Tourism in Australia. Ecology and Society 16. 2011 Global; Australia Banks, Credit, & Securities; Climate; Tourism & Recreation
Shackeroff, JM; Campbell, LM; Crowder, LB. 2011. Social-Ecological Guilds: Putting People into Marine Historical Ecology. Ecology and Society 16. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii Fishing Sector
Kanamoto, H; Takemura, M; Ohyama, K. 2011. Identification of a cyclooxygenase gene from the red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla and bioconversion of arachidonic acid to PGF(2 alpha) in engineered Escherichia coli. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 91:1121-1129. 2011 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Evans, LS; Brown, K; Allison, EH. 2011. Factors Influencing Adaptive Marine Governance in a Developing Country Context: a Case Study of Southern Kenya. Ecology and Society 16. 2011 Kenya; Oman Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Melbourne-Thomas, J; Johnson, CR; Perez, P; Eustache, J; Fulton, EA; Cleland, D. 2011. Coupling Biophysical and Socioeconomic Models for Coral Reef Systems in Quintana Roo, Mexican Caribbean. Ecology and Society 16. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Decision Support; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Tourism & Recreation
Lesser, MP; Slattery, M. 2011. Phase shift to algal dominated communities at mesophotic depths associated with lionfish (Pterois volitans) invasion on a Bahamian coral reef. Biological Invasions 13:1855-1868. 2011 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bahamas; Caribbean Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invasive Species; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes
Pittman, SJ; Brown, KA. 2011. Multi-Scale Approach for Predicting Fish Species Distributions across Coral Reef Seascapes. PLoS One 6. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Model; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas
Kline, RJ; Khan, IA; Holt, GJ. 2011. Behavior, Color Change and Time for Sexual Inversion in the Protogynous Grouper (Epinephelus adscensionis). PLoS One 6. 2011 South & Central America; Mexico Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Miller, KJ; Rowden, AA; Williams, A; Haussermann, V. 2011. Out of Their Depth? Isolated Deep Populations of the Cosmopolitan Coral Desmophyllum dianthus May Be Highly Vulnerable to Environmental Change. PLoS One 6. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Ocean Acidity; Stony Coral
Barbour, AB; Allen, MS; Frazer, TK; Sherman, KD. 2011. Evaluating the Potential Efficacy of Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans) Removals. PLoS One 6. 2011 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Caribbean; Mexico Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invasive Species; Mangroves
Wu, JJ; Mak, YL; Murphy, MB; Lam, JCW; Chan, WH; Wang, MF; Chan, LL; Lam, PKS. 2011. Validation of an accelerated solvent extraction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for Pacific ciguatoxin-1 in fish flesh and comparison with the mouse neuroblastoma assay. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 400:3165-3175. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Java Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Engle, V. D. 2011. Estimating the provision of ecosystem services by Gulf of Mexico coastal wetlands. Wetlands DOI10.1007/s13157-010-0132-9. 2011 South & Central America; Mexico Review Carbon Storage & Cycling; Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Nutrients; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Elfman, L; Tooke, NE; Patring, JDM. 2011. Detection of pesticides used in rice cultivation in streams on the island of Leyte in the Philippines. Agricultural Water Management 101:81-87. 2011 Global; Southeast Asia; Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Collaboration & Partnering; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Mangroves; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges
Green, DH; Edmunds, PJ. 2011. Spatio-temporal variability of coral recruitment on shallow reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 397:220-229. 2011 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Forestry; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Connell, SD; Russell, BD; Irving, AD. 2011. Can strong consumer and producer effects be reconciled to better forecast 'catastrophic' phase-shifts in marine ecosystems? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 400:296-301. 2011 Global Model Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Zintzen, V; Roberts, CD; Clark, MR; Williams, A; Althaus, F; Last, PR. 2011. Composition, distribution and regional affinities of the deepwater ichthyofauna of the Lord Howe Rise and Norfolk Ridge, south-west Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 58:933-947. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean; New Caledonia Finfish Harvest; Fish
Littman, R; Willis, BL; Bourne, DG. 2011. Metagenomic analysis of the coral holobiont during a natural bleaching event on the Great Barrier Reef. Environmental Microbiology Reports 3:651-660. 2011 Australia Algae; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Stony Coral
Fung, T; Seymour, RM; Johnson, CR. 2011. Alternative stable states and phase shifts in coral reefs under anthropogenic stress. Ecology 92:967-982. 2011 Florida Model Algae; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Sea Urchins; Sediment
Cai, L; Wang, Q; Gu, CM; Wu, JG; Wang, J; Kang, N; Hu, JW; Xie, F; Yan, L; Liu, X; Cao, YL; Xiao, R. 2011. Vascular and micro-environmental influences on MSC-coral hydroxyapatite construct-based bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 32:8497-8505. 2011 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Melbourne-Thomas, J; Johnson, CR; Alino, PM; Geronimo, RC; Villanoy, CL; Gurney, GG. 2011. A multi-scale biophysical model to inform regional management of coral reefs in the western Philippines and South China Sea. Environmental Modelling & Software 26:66-82. 2011 China; Philippines Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Climate; Decision Support; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Mitigation; Nutrients; Sea Urchins
Aragon, J; Gonzalez, R; Fuentes, G; Palin, L; Croce, G; Viterbo, D. 2011. Development and Characterization of a Novel Bioresorbable and Bioactive Biomaterial Based on Polyvinyl Acetate, Calcium Carbonate and Coralline Hydroxyapatite. Materials Research-Ibero-American Journal of Materials 14:25-30. 2011 Cuba Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Tebben, J; Tapiolas, DM; Motti, CA; Abrego, D; Negri, AP; Blackall, LL; Steinberg, PD; Harder, T. 2011. Induction of Larval Metamorphosis of the Coral Acropora millepora by Tetrabromopyrrole Isolated from a Pseudoalteromonas Bacterium. PLoS One 6. 2011 Europe Lab Study Algae; Coralline Algae; Marine Worms; Microorganisms; Stony Coral; Substrate
Davies, AJ; Guinotte, JM. 2011. Global Habitat Suitability for Framework-Forming Cold-Water Corals. PLoS One 6. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Indian Ocean; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); India Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Ocean Acidity; Salinity; Stony Coral
Andrews, AH; Natanson, LJ; Kerr, LA; Burgess, GH; Cailliet, GM. 2011. Bomb radiocarbon and tag-recapture dating of sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus). Fishery Bulletin 109:454-465. 2011 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Gray, MA; Stone, RP; McLaughlin, MR; Kellogg, CA. 2011. Microbial consortia of gorgonian corals from the Aleutian islands. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 76:109-120. 2011 Fish; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Stony Coral
Ceh, J; van Keulen, M; Bourne, DG. 2011. Coral-associated bacterial communities on Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 75:134-144. 2011 Australia Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Williamson, EA; Strychar, KB; Withers, K; Sterba-Boatwright, B. 2011. Effects of salinity and sedimentation on the Gorgonian Coral, Leptogorgia virgulata (Lamarck 1815). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 409:331-338. 2011 South & Central America; Mexico Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Octocoral; Salinity; Sediment; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Luna-Perez, B; Valle-Perez, C; Sanchez-Lizaso, JL. 2011. Halocynthia papillosa as SCUBA diving impact indicator: An in situ experiment. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 398:33-39. 2011 Cuba Model; Index or Indicator Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sediment
Graham, N. A. J., P. Chabanet, R. D. Evans, S. Jennings, Y. Letourneur, M. A. MacNeil, T. R. McClanahan, M. C. O� hman, N. V. C. Polunin, and S. K. Wilson. 2011. Extinction vulnerability of coral reef fishes. Ecology Letters 1-8. 2011 Global Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Navalgund, RR; Singh, RP. 2011. Climate Change Studies Using Space Based Observation. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 39:281-295. 2011 Global; India Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Climate; Deforestation & Devegetation; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Forestry; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Housing; Irrigation; Light; Salinity; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetlands
Sarin, P; Lee, SJ; Apostolov, ZD; Kriven, WM. 2011. Porous Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds from Cuttlefish Bone. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 94:2362-2370. 2011 Fish; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
McClanahan, TR; Graham, NAJ; MacNeil, MA; Muthiga, NA; Cinner, JE; Bruggemann, JH; Wilson, SK. 2011. Critical thresholds and tangible targets for ecosystem-based management of coral reef fisheries. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108:17230-17233. 2011 Indian Ocean; India Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Pequignet, AC; Becker, JM; Merrifield, MA; Boc, SJ. 2011. The dissipation of wind wave energy across a fringing reef at Ipan, Guam. Coral Reefs 30:71-82. 2011 Guam Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Smallwood, CB; Beckley, LE; Moore, SA; Kobryn, HT. 2011. Assessing patterns of recreational use in large marine parks: A case study from Ningaloo Marine Park, Australia. Ocean and Coastal Management 54:330-340. 2011 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Cullen-Unsworth, LC; Pretty, J; Smith, DJ. 2011. Developing community-derived indicators of economic status in the coral triangle: A management support tool. Ocean and Coastal Management 54:446-454. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Complex Habitat & Resources; Housing; Marine Protected Areas
Gao, L; Hailu, A. 2011. Evaluating the effects of area closure for recreational fishing in a coral reef ecosystem: The benefits of an integrated economic and biophysical modeling. Ecological Economics 70:1735-1745. 2011 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Pittman, S. J. and K. A. Brown. 2011. Multi-Scale Approach for Predicting Fish Species Distributions across Coral Reef Seascapes. PLoS One 3:1-12. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Model; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas
Kenkel, C. D., M. R. Traylor, J. Wiedenmann, A. Salih, and M. V. Matz. 2011. Fluorescence of coral larvae predicts their settlement response to crustose coralline algae and reflects stress. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 1-8. 2011 Global Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Biotechnology Research & Development; Coralline Algae; Stony Coral
Miller, AW; Richardson, LL. 2011. A meta-analysis of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from the polymicrobial black band disease of corals. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 75:231-241. 2011 Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Stony Coral
Farmer, NA; Ault, JS. 2011. Grouper and snapper movements and habitat use in Dry Tortugas, Florida. Marine Ecology Progress Series 433:169-184. 2011 Florida Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Rhodes, KL; Taylor, BM; McIlwain, JL. 2011. Detailed demographic analysis of an Epinephelus polyphekadion spawning aggregation and fishery. Marine Ecology Progress Series 421:183-198. 2011 Micronesia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Kellner, JB; Sanchirico, JN; Hastings, A; Mumby, PJ. 2011. Optimizing for multiple species and multiple values: tradeoffs inherent in ecosystem-based fisheries management. Conservation Letters 4:21-30. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Anavi, Y; Avishai, G; Calderon, S; Allon, DM. 2011. Bone Remodeling in Onlay Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate and Coral Grafts to Rat Calvaria: Microcomputerized Tomography Analysis. Journal of Oral Implantology 37:379-386. 2011 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Martins, VS; Schiavetti, A; Souto, FJB. 2011. Ethnoecological knowledge of the artisan fishermen of octopi (Octopus spp.) in the community of Coroa Vermelha (Santa Cruz Cabralia, Bahia). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 83:513-522. 2011 Finfish Harvest; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid
Koehn, JD; Hobday, AJ; Pratchett, MS; Gillanders, BM. 2011. Climate change and Australian marine and freshwater environments, fishes and fisheries: synthesis and options for adaptation. Marine and Freshwater Research 62:1148-1164. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Model Climate; Fishing Sector; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Ocean Acidity; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Ochavillo, D; Tofaeono, S; Sabater, M; Trip, EL. 2011. Population structure of Ctenochaetus striatus (Acanthuridae) in Tutuila, American Samoa: The use of size-at-age data in multi-scale population size surveys. Fisheries Research 107:14-21. 2011 Samoa; American Samoa Algae; Coralline Algae; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
La Mesa, G; Molinari, A; Bava, S; Finoia, MG; Cattaneo-Vietti, R; Tunesi, L. 2011. Gradients of abundance of sea breams across the boundaries of a Mediterranean marine protected area. Fisheries Research 111:24-30. 2011 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Smith, SG; Ault, JS; Bohnsack, JA; Harper, DE; Luo, JG; McClellan, DB. 2011. Multispecies survey design for assessing reef-fish stocks, spatially explicit management performance, and ecosystem condition. Fisheries Research 109:25-41. 2011 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector
Karnauskas, M; McClellan, DB; Wiener, JW; Miller, MW; Babcock, EA. 2011. Inferring trends in a small-scale, data-limited tropical fishery based on fishery-independent data. Fisheries Research 111:40-52. 2011 South & Central America; Haiti; Caribbean Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Wattage, P; Glenn, H; Mardle, S; Van Rensburg, T; Grehan, A; Foley, N. 2011. Economic value of conserving deep-sea corals in Irish waters: A choice experiment study on marine protected areas. Fisheries Research 107:59-67. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Aquaculture; Bivalves; Discharges; Fish; Irrigation; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pipelines; Salinity; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Transportation Policies; Waste Management; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. Conservation Practice Standard: Bivalve Aquaculture Gear and Biofouling Control. CODE 400, USDA. 2011 Aquaculture; Bivalves; Invasive Species; Ports & Harbors; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Choukri, A; Hakam, OK; Reyss, JL. 2011. Difficulties in dating Pleistocene marine levels using fossil mollusk shells: the Ouljian level on the High Atlas shore, Morocco. Carnets de Geologie 21-30. 2011 Egypt Beaches & Nature Parks; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Grafton, RQ; Akter, S; Kompas, T. 2011. A Policy-enabling framework for the ex-ante evaluation of marine protected areas. Ocean and Coastal Management 54:478-487. 2011 Review Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Non-Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation
Burt, J; Bartholomew, A; Sale, PF. 2011. Benthic development on large-scale engineered reefs: A comparison of communities among breakwaters of different age and natural reefs. Ecological Engineering 37:191-198. 2011 Algae; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Coastal Defense; Coastal Development; Shoreline Protection; Sponges; Turf Algae
Rosendo, S; Brown, K; Joubert, A; Jiddawi, N; Mechisso, M. 2011. A clash of values and approaches: A case study of marine protected area planning in Mozambique. Ocean and Coastal Management 54:55-65. 2011 Global; Mozambique Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Climate; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Needham, MD; Szuster, BW; Bell, CM. 2011. Encounter norms, social carrying capacity indicators, and standards of quality at a marine protected area. Ocean and Coastal Management 54:633-641. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii Index or Indicator Marine Protected Areas; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation
Ban, NC; Adams, VM; Almany, GR; Ban, S; Cinner, JE; McCook, LJ; Mills, M; Pressey, RL; White, A. 2011. Designing, implementing and managing marine protected areas: Emerging trends and opportunities for coral reef nations. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 408:21-31. 2011 Australia; Europe Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Rasheed, M; Mian, S; Aubrey, D. 2011. Guidelines for EIA of fish and shrimp hatcheries in a semi-enclosed water body. Ocean and Coastal Management 54:678-686. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mitigation; Sediment
Cruz-Trinidad, A; Geronimo, RC; Cabral, RB; Alino, PM. 2011. How much are the Bolinao-Anda coral reefs worth? Ocean and Coastal Management 54:696-705. 2011 Philippines Model; Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Monetary Valuation; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Jentoft, S; Chuenpagdee, R; Pascual-Fernandez, JJ. 2011. What are MPAs for: On goal formation and displacement. Ocean and Coastal Management 54:75-83. 2011 Oman Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management
Saraydin, SU; Develioglu, H. 2011. Evaluation of the Bone Repair Capacity and the Cytotoxic Properties of a Particular Xenograft: An Experimental Study in Rats. Turkiye Klinikleri Tip Bilimleri Dergisi 31:541-547. 2011 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Veilleux, HD; van Herwerden, L; Evans, RD; Travers, MJ; Newman, SJ. 2011. Strong genetic subdivision generates high genetic variability among eastern and western Australian populations of Lutjanus carponotatus (Richardson). Fisheries Research 108:74-80. 2011 Australia; Indian Ocean; India; Papua New Guinea Index or Indicator Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Muallil, RN; Geronimo, RC; Cleland, D; Cabral, RB; Doctor, MV; Cruz-Trinidad, A; Alino, PM. 2011. Willingness to exit the artisanal fishery as a response to scenarios of declining catch or increasing monetary incentives. Fisheries Research 111:74-81. 2011 China; Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Funding & Incentives; Housing; Monetary Valuation
Bradman, H; Grewe, P; Appleton, B. 2011. Direct comparison of mitochondrial markers for the analysis of swordfish population structure. Fisheries Research 109:95-99. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; Seychelles; India; Pacific Ocean Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Stoeckl, N; Hicks, CC; Mills, M; Fabricius, K; Esparon, M; Kroon, F; Kaur, K; Costanza, R. 2011. The economic value of ecosystem services in the Great Barrier Reef: our state of knowledge. Ecological Economics Reviews 1219:113-133. 2011 Australia Review Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Fulton, EA. 2011. Interesting times: winners, losers, and system shifts under climate change around Australia. ICES Journal of Marine Science 68:1329-1342. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Model Climate; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Ocean Acidity
Andrews, AH; Kalish, JM; Newman, SJ; Johnston, JM. 2011. Bomb radiocarbon dating of three important reef-fish species using Indo-Pacific Delta(14)C chronologies. Marine and Freshwater Research 62:1259-1269. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Naoum-Sawaya, J; Elhedhli, S. 2011. An interior point cutting plane heuristic for mixed integer programming. Computers and Operations Research 38:1335-1341. 2011 Hotel & Food Services
Rooper, CN; Wilkins, ME; Rose, CS; Coon, C. 2011. Modeling the impacts of bottom trawling and the subsequent recovery rates of sponges and corals in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Continental Shelf Research 31:1827-1834. 2011 Model Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Sponges; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Nordt, SP; Wu, J; Zahller, S; Clark, RF; Cantrell, FL. 2011. Palytoxin Poisoning After Dermal Contact With Zoanthid Coral. Journal of Emergency Medicine 40:397-399. 2011 Oman Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Wei, WC; Lin, SY; Chen, YJ; Wen, CC; Huang, CY; Palanisamy, A; Yang, NS; Sheu, JH. 2011. Topical application of marine briarane-type diterpenes effectively inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced inflammation and dermatitis in murine skin. Journal of Biomedical Science 18. 2011 China Index or Indicator Octocoral; Pathogens; Special Use Permitting
Ben-Dov, E; Siboni, N; Shapiro, OH; Arotsker, L; Kushmaro, A. 2011. Substitution by Inosine at the 3 '-Ultimate and Penultimate Positions of 16S rRNA Gene Universal Primers. Microbial Ecology 61:1-6. 2011 Aquaculture; Microorganisms; Pathogens
Auster, PJ; Gjerde, K; Heupel, E; Watling, L; Grehan, A; Rogers, AD. 2011. Definition and detection of vulnerable marine ecosystems on the high seas: problems with the "move-on" rule. ICES Journal of Marine Science 68:254-264. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Wild, C; Hoegh-Guldberg, O; Naumann, MS; Colombo-Pallotta, MF; Ateweberhan, M; Fitt, WK; Iglesias-Prieto, R; Palmer, C; Bythell, JC; Ortiz, JC; Loya, Y; van Woesik, R. 2011. Climate change impedes scleractinian corals as primary reef ecosystem engineers. Marine and Freshwater Research 62:205-215. 2011 Global Review Climate; Finfish Harvest; Ocean Acidity; Pathogens; Shoreline Protection; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Murillo, FJ; Munoz, PD; Altuna, A; Serrano, A. 2011. Distribution of deep-water corals of the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and the Grand Banks of Newfoundland (Northwest Atlantic Ocean): interaction with fishing activities. ICES Journal of Marine Science 68:319-332. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean GIS & Maps Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Octocoral; Stony Coral
Braga-Henriques, A; Carreiro-Silva, M; Porteiro, FM; de Matos, V; Sampaio, I; Ocana, O; Avila, SP. 2011. The association between a deep-sea gastropod Pedicularia sicula (Caenogastropoda: Pediculariidae) and its coral host Errina dabneyi (Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae) in the Azores. ICES Journal of Marine Science 68:399-407. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest
Whatmough, S; Van Putten, I; Chin, A. 2011. From hunters to nature observers: a record of 53 years of diver attitudes towards sharks and rays and marine protected areas. Marine and Freshwater Research 62:755-763. 2011 Australia; Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Ricci, MDF; Rouws, JRC; de Oliveira, NG; Rodrigues, MB. 2011. Vegetative and productive aspects of organically grown coffee cultivars under shaded and unshaded systems. Scientia Agricola 68:424-430. 2011 Forestry
Toropova, AP; Toropov, AA; Benfenati, E; Gini, G. 2011. Co-evolutions of correlations for QSAR of toxicity of organometallic and inorganic substances: An unexpected good prediction based on a model that seems untrustworthy. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 105:215-219. 2011 Model Internet & Telecommunications
Stevenson, TC; Tissot, BN; Dierking, J. 2011. Fisher behaviour influences catch productivity and selectivity in West Hawaii's aquarium fishery. ICES Journal of Marine Science 68:813-822. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Small Herbivorous Fish
Rodriguez-Martinez, RE; Jordan-Garza, AG; Maldonado, MA; Blanchon, P. 2011. Controls on Coral-Ground Development along the Northern Mesoamerican Reef Tract. PLoS One 6. 2011 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean; Mexico Octocoral; Sediment; Sponges; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Golbuu, Y; Friedlander, AM. 2011. Spatial and temporal characteristics of grouper spawning aggregations in marine protected areas in Palau, western Micronesia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 92:223-231. 2011 South & Central America; Belize; Palau; Micronesia Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish
Simon, T; Pinheiro, HT; Joyeux, JC. 2011. Target fishes on artificial reefs: Evidences of impacts over nearby natural environments. Science of the Total Environment 409:4579-4584. 2011 Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
van Rein, H; Brown, CJ; Quinn, R; Breen, J; Schoeman, D. 2011. An evaluation of acoustic seabed classification techniques for marine biotope monitoring over broad-scales (> 1 km(2)) and meso-scales (10 m(2)-1 km(2)). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 93:336-349. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Seagrasses
Richards, ZT; Beger, M. 2011. A quantification of the standing stock of macro-debris in Majuro lagoon and its effect on hard coral communities. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:1693-1701. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Marshall Islands Finfish Harvest; Housing; Marine Debris; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Williams, GJ; Knapp, IS; Maragos, JE; Davy, SK. 2011. Proximate environmental drivers of coral communities at Palmyra Atoll: Establishing baselines prior to removing a WWII military causeway. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:1842-1851. 2011 Australia; India; Palmyra Atoll Model Climate; Hydrocoral; Military; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Murugan, A; Dhanya, S; Sarcar, AB; Naganathan, V; Rajagopal, S; Balasubramanian, T. 2011. Fishery biology, demography of three spotted seahorse, Hippocampus trimaculatus inhabiting Gulf of Mannar region, Southeast coast of India. Indian journal of GeoMarine Sciences 40:411-423. 2011 India Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Seagrasses; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Yang, Y; Yao, QQ; Pu, XM; Hou, ZQ; Zhang, QQ. 2011. Biphasic calcium phosphate macroporous scaffolds derived from oyster shells for bone tissue engineering. Chemical Engineering Journal 173:837-845. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Williams, AJ; Little, LR; Begg, GA. 2011. Balancing indigenous and non-indigenous commercial objectives in a coral reef finfish fishery. ICES Journal of Marine Science 68:834-847. 2011 Australia Model Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Supova, M; Martynkova, GS; Sucharda, Z. 2011. Bioapatite Made From Chicken Femur Bone. Ceramics - Silikaty 55:256-260. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Toropova, AP; Toropov, AA; Benfenati, E; Gini, G. 2011. QSAR modelling toxicity toward rats of inorganic substances by means of CORAL. Central European Journal Of Chemistry 9:75-85. 2011 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Internet & Telecommunications
Williams, RB; Moore, PG. 2011. An annotated catalogue of the marine biological paintings of Thomas Alan Stephenson (1898-1961). Archives of Natural History 38:242-266. 2011 Australia Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites
Morton, B. 2011. The Great Barrier Reef Expedition's "Coral Corroboree", Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 10 July 1928: an historical portent. Archives of Natural History 38:88-95. 2011 Australia; Britain Fishing Sector
Herbeck, LS; Unger, D; Krumme, U; Liu, SM; Jennerjahn, TC. 2011. Typhoon-induced precipitation impact on nutrient and suspended matter dynamics of a tropical estuary affected by human activities in Hainan, China. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 93:375-388. 2011 China Agriculture; Aquaculture; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity; Seagrasses; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Kimirei, IA; Nagelkerken, I; Griffioen, B; Wagner, C; Mgaya, YD. 2011. Ontogenetic habitat use by mangrove/seagrass-associated coral reef fishes shows flexibility in time and space. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 92:47-58. 2011 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Tanzania; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Fablet, R; Pecquerie, L; de Pontual, H; Hoie, H; Millner, R; Mosegaard, H; Kooijman, SALM. 2011. Shedding Light on Fish Otolith Biomineralization Using a Bioenergetic Approach. PLoS One 6. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Bivalves; Climate; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Ocean Acidity
Goatley, CHR; Bellwood, DR. 2011. The Roles of Dimensionality, Canopies and Complexity in Ecosystem Monitoring. PLoS One 6. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Hotel & Food Services; Stony Coral
Avellaneda, PM; Englehardt, JD; Olascoaga, J; Babcock, EA; Brand, L; Lirman, D; Rogge, WF; Solo-Gabriele, H; Tchobanoglous, G. 2011. Relative risk assessment of cruise ships biosolids disposal alternatives. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:2157-2169. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Model Cruise Ships; Discharges
Lamb, JB; Willis, BL. 2011. Using Coral Disease Prevalence to Assess the Effects of Concentrating Tourism Activities on Offshore Reefs in a Tropical Marine Park. Conservation Biology 25:1044-1052. 2011 Australia Collaboration & Partnering; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sunscreen Use; Tourism & Recreation
Gaitan, AS; Mora, PAR; Narvaez, DM; Moreno, LMM. 2011. Characterising structural, mechanical and cytotoxic properties of coral-based composite material intended for bone implant applications. Revista Ingenieria e Investigacion 31:135-141. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Samy, M; Lizaso, JLS; Forcada, A. 2011. Status of marine protected areas in Egypt. Pages 165-177 in Conference on SIEBM 2010. BARCELONA. 2011 Egypt Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Albright, R. 2011. Reviewing the Effects of Ocean Acidification on Sexual Reproduction and Early Life History Stages of Reef-Building Corals. Journal of Marine Biology 2011:1-14. 2011 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Echinoderms; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Molluscs; Ocean Acidity; Scientific Research; Stony Coral
Bishop, R. C., D. J. Chapman, B. J. Kanninen, J. A. Krosnick, B. Leeworthy, and N. F. Meade. 2011. Total Ecolonic Value for Protecting and Restoring Hawaiian Coral Reef Ecosystems: Final Report. NOAA Technical Memorandum CRCP 16, NOAA Office of National Marine Sanctuaries, Silver Spring, MD, USA. 2011 Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii Review Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Housing; Internet & Telecommunications; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Valuation
Hackradt, CW; Felix-Hackradt, FC; Pichler, HA; Spach, HL; Santos, LDOE. 2011. Factors influencing spatial patterns of the ichthyofauna of low energy estuarine beaches in southern Brazil. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91:1345-1357. 2011 Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish; Salinity; Shoreline Protection
Sala-Bozano, M; Mariani, S. 2011. Life history variation in a marine teleost across a heterogeneous seascape. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 92:555-563. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Fishing Sector
Stabili, L; Schirosi, R; Di Benedetto, A; Merendino, A; Villanova, L; Giangrande, A. 2011. First insights into the biochemistry of Sabella spallanzanii (Annelida: Polychaeta) mucus: a potentially unexplored resource for applicative purposes. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91:199-208. 2011 Echinoderms; Marine Worms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Arias-Gonzalez, JE; Gonzalez-Gandara, C; Cabrera, JL; Christensen, V. 2011. Predicted impact of the invasive lionfish Pterois volitans on the food web of a Caribbean coral reef. Environmental Research 111:917-925. 2011 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean; Mexico Model Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invasive Species
Mills, M; Jupiter, SD; Pressey, RL; Ban, NC; Comley, J. 2011. Incorporating Effectiveness of Community-Based Management in a National Marine Gap Analysis for Fiji. Conservation Biology 25:1155-1164. 2011 Fiji; Philippines Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management; Special Use Permitting
Rudd, MA. 2011. Scientists' Opinions on the Global Status and Management of Biological Diversity. Conservation Biology 25:1165-1175. 2011 Global; Southeast Asia; Europe Climate; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Internet & Telecommunications; Social Organizations
Pe�quignet, A. C., J. M. Becker, M. A. Merrifield, S. J. Boc. 2011. The dissipation of wind wave energy across a fringing reef at Ipan, Guam. Coral Reefs 2011 Guam Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Feary, DA; Cinner, JE; Graham, NAJ; Januchowski-Hartley, FA. 2011. Effects of Customary Marine Closures on Fish Behavior, Spear-Fishing Success, and Underwater Visual Surveys. Conservation Biology 25:341-349. 2011 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
McClanahan, TR; Omukoto, JO. 2011. Comparison of Modern and Historical Fish Catches (AD 750-1400) to Inform Goals for Marine Protected Areas and Sustainable Fisheries. Conservation Biology 25:945-955. 2011 Indian Ocean; Kenya; India Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Christensen, V., J. Steenbeek, and P. Failler. 2011. A combined ecosystem and value chain modeling approach for evaluating societal cost and benefit of fishing. Ecological Modelling 222:857-864. 2011 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Special Use Permitting
Guimaraes, IP; Coelho, MDB; Benedito, CP; Maia, SSS; Nogueira, CSR; Batista, PF. 2011. Effect Of Different Substrates For Emergency And Vigor Of Coral Tree Seedlings. Bioscience Journal 27:932-938. 2011 Index or Indicator Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Substrate
Sutherland, KP; Shaban, S; Joyner, JL; Porter, JW; Lipp, EK. 2011. Human Pathogen Shown to Cause Disease in the Threatened Eklhorn Coral Acropora palmata. PLoS One 6. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Pathogens; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge
Richards, BL; Williams, ID; Nadon, MO; Zgliczynski, BJ. 2011. A Towed-Diver Survey Method For Mesoscale Fishery-Independent Assessment Of Large-Bodied Reef Fishes. Bulletin of Marine Science 87:55-74. 2011 Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; Cuba Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Azevedo, CAA; Carneiro, MAA; Oliveira, SR; Marinho-Soriano, E. 2011. Macrolgae as an indicator of the environmental health of the Pirangi reefs, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 21:323-328. 2011 Iran Model; Index or Indicator Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Molluscs; Tourism & Recreation
Smith, SG; Swanson, DW; Chiappone, M; Miller, SL; Ault, JS. 2011. Probability sampling of stony coral populations in the Florida Keys. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 183:121-138. 2011 Florida Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Jones, R; Parsons, R; Watkinson, E; Kendell, D. 2011. Sewage contamination of a densely populated coral 'atoll' (Bermuda). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 179:309-324. 2011 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bermuda Discharges; Docks & Marinas; Housing; Microorganisms; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Rouphael, AB; Abdulla, A; Said, Y. 2011. A framework for practical and rigorous impact monitoring by field managers of marine protected areas. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 180:557-572. 2011 Australia; Egypt Review; Field Study & Monitoring Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Protected Areas; Mitigation; Pathogens
Uddin, S; Al Ghadban, AN; Khabbaz, A. 2011. Localized hyper saline waters in Arabian Gulf from desalination activity-an example from South Kuwait. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 181:587-594. 2011 Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar; United Arab Emirates Salinity; Water
Cinner, JE; Folke, C; Daw, T; Hicks, CC. 2011. Responding to change: Using scenarios to understand how socioeconomic factors may influence amplifying or dampening exploitation feedbacks among Tanzanian fishers. Global Environmental Change-human And Policy Dimensions 21:7-12. 2011 Tanzania; India Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Gass, SE; Roberts, JM. 2011. Growth and branching patterns of Lophelia pertusa (Scleractinia) from the North Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91:831-835. 2011 Climate; Oil & Gas Rigs; Stony Coral
Munoz, PD; Murillo, FJ; Sayago-Gil, M; Serrano, A; Laporta, M; Otero, I; Gomez, C. 2011. Effects of deep-sea bottom longlining on the Hatton Bank fish communities and benthic ecosystem, north-east Atlantic. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91:939-952. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Littering; Marine Birds; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Ganot, P; Moya, A; Magnone, V; Allemand, D; Furla, P; Sabourault, C. 2011. Adaptations to Endosymbiosis in a Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Association: Differential Gene Expression and Specific Gene Duplications. Plos Genetics 7. 2011 Model; GIS & Maps Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids
Lopez, JV; Ledger, A; Santiago-Vazquez, LZ; Pop, M; Sommer, DD; Ranzer, LK; Feldman, RA; Kerr, RG. 2011. Suppression subtractive hybridization PCR isolation of cDNAs from a Caribbean soft coral. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 14. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Octocoral
Siddiqui, PJA; Ali, A; Bromfield, K; Iqbal, P; Shoaib, N. 2011. Identification of Fossil Corals Inhabiting an Uplifted Area of Ras Gunz Near Jiwani, Balochistan, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 43:523-527. 2011 Australia Finfish Harvest; Sediment
Gaidos, E; Rusch, A; Ilardo, M. 2011. Ribosomal tag pyrosequencing of DNA and RNA from benthic coral reef microbiota: community spatial structure, rare members and nitrogen-cycling guilds. Environmental Microbiology 13:1138-1152. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii Nutrients; Pathogens; Sediment
Aburto-Oropeza, O; Erisman, B; Galland, GR; Mascarenas-Osorio, I; Sala, E; Ezcurra, E. 2011. Large Recovery of Fish Biomass in a No-Take Marine Reserve. PLoS One 6. 2011 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Mexico Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Januchowski-Hartley, FA; Graham, NAJ; Feary, DA; Morove, T; Cinner, JE. 2011. Fear of Fishers: Human Predation Explains Behavioral Changes in Coral Reef Fishes. PLoS One 6. 2011 Papua New Guinea Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Jones, RJ. 2011. Environmental Effects Of The Cruise Tourism Boom: Sediment Resuspension From Cruise Ships And The Possible Effects Of Increased Turbidity And Sediment Deposition On Corals (Bermuda). Bulletin of Marine Science 87:659-679. 2011 South & Central America; Australia; Bermuda; Panama; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Cruise Ships; Hotel & Food Services; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Witt, V; Wild, C; Anthony, KRN; Diaz-Pulido, G; Uthicke, S. 2011. Effects of ocean acidification on microbial community composition of, and oxygen fluxes through, biofilms from the Great Barrier Reef. Environmental Microbiology 13:2976-2989. 2011 Australia; Cuba Climate; CO2; Ocean Acidity; Plankton; Stony Coral
Hixon, MA. 2011. 60 Years Of Coral Reef Fish Ecology: Past, Present, Future. Bulletin of Marine Science 87:727-765. 2011 Cuba Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invasive Species; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting
Zierler, S; Yao, GM; Zhang, Z; Kuo, WC; Porzgen, P; Penner, R; Horgen, FD; Fleig, A. 2011. Waixenicin A Inhibits Cell Proliferation through Magnesium-dependent Block of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 7 (TRPM7) Channels. Journal of Biological Chemistry 286:39328-39335. 2011 Octocoral
Du Preez, C; Tunnicliffe, V. 2011. Shortspine thornyhead and rockfish (Scorpaenidae) distribution in response to substratum, biogenic structures and trawling. Marine Ecology Progress Series 425:217-231. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Columbia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sediment; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Bellchambers, LM; Meeuwig, JJ; Evans, SN; Legendre, P. 2011. Modelling habitat associations of 14 species of holothurians from an unfished coral atoll: implications for fisheries management. Aquatic Biology 14:57-66. 2011 Model Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Octocoral
Bert, TM; Arnold, WS; McMillen-Jackson, AL; Wilbur, AE; Crawford, C. 2011. Natural And Anthropogenic Forces Shape The Population Genetics And Recent Evolutionary History Of Eastern United States Bay Scallops (Argopecten Irradians). Journal of Shellfish Research 30:583-608. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Fishing Sector
Erwin, TL. 2011. Halocoryza Alluaud, 1919, sea-side beetles of the Indian, Atlantic (sensu lato), and Pacific Oceans: a generic synopsis and description of a remarkable new species from Baja California Sur, Mexico (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritini, Clivinina). Zookeys 1-13. 2011 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); India; Pacific Ocean; Caribbean; Mexico Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves
Mclean, DL; Harvey, ES; Meeuwig, JJ. 2011. Declines in the abundance of coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus) in areas closed to fishing at the Houtman Abrolhos Islands, Western Australia. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 406:71-78. 2011 Australia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Lapointe, BE; Thacker, K; Hanson, C; Getten, L. 2011. Sewage pollution in Negril, Jamaica: effects on nutrition and ecology of coral reef macroalgae. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 29:775-789. 2011 Florida; Jamaica Algae; Discharges; Fleshy Macroalgae; Hotel & Food Services; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Dale, JJ; Stankus, AM; Burns, MS; Meyer, CG. 2011. The Shark Assemblage at French Frigate Shoals Atoll, Hawai'i: Species Composition, Abundance and Habitat Use. PLoS One 6. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii Model Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest
Dunstan, AJ; Ward, PD; Marshall, NJ. 2011. Nautilus pompilius Life History and Demographics at the Osprey Reef Seamount, Coral Sea, Australia. PLoS One 6. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Fiji; Philippines Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Octopus & Squid
Sautya, S; Ingole, B; Ray, D; Stohr, S; Samudrala, K; Raju, KAK; Mudholkar, A. 2011. Megafaunal Community Structure of Andaman Seamounts Including the Back-Arc Basin - A Quantitative Exploration from the Indian Ocean. PLoS One 6. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); India; Pacific Ocean Arthropods; Echinoderms; Sediment; Sponges
Waller, RG; Scanlon, KM; Robinson, LF. 2011. Cold-Water Coral Distributions in the Drake Passage Area from Towed Camera Observations - Initial Interpretations. PLoS One 6. 2011 Fishing Sector; Sediment; Sponges; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
McClanahan, T; Karnauskas, M. 2011. Relationships between benthic cover, current strength, herbivory, and a fisheries closure in Glovers Reef Atoll, Belize. Coral Reefs 30:9-19. 2011 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Model; GIS & Maps Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Hydrocoral; Octocoral; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Vonk, R; Hoeksema, BW; Jaume, D. 2011. A new marine interstitial Psammogammarus (Crustacea,Amphipoda, Melitidae) from Gura Ici Island, off western Halmahera (North Moluccas, Indonesia), and an overview of the genus. Zookeys 53-73. 2011 India; Japan; Indonesia Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Skeletal Coral
Suzuki, G; Kai, S; Yamashita, H; Suzuki, K; Iehisa, Y; Hayashibara, T. 2011. Narrower grid structure of artificial reef enhances initial survival of in situ settled coral. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:2803-2812. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Glynn, PW. 2011. In Tandem Reef Coral And Cryptic Metazoan Declines And Extinctions. Bulletin of Marine Science 87:767-794. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; Panama; India Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Hydrocoral; Ocean Acidity; Pathogens; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Klaus, JS; Janse, I; Fouke, BW. 2011. Coral Black Band Disease Microbial Communities And Genotypic Variability Of The Dominant Cyanobacteria (Cd1C11). Bulletin of Marine Science 87:795-821. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Octocoral; Pathogens; Stony Coral
Castro-Perez, JM; Gonzalez, GA; Arias-Gonzalez, JE. 2011. Characterizing spatial and temporal reef fisheries in Chinchorro Bank Biosphere Reserve, northern Mesoamerican Reef System. Hidrobiologica 21:197-209. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Chan, WH; Mak, YL; Wu, JJ; Jin, L; Sit, WH; Lam, JCW; de Mitcheson, YS; Chan, LL; Lam, PKS; Murphy, MB. 2011. Spatial distribution of ciguateric fish in the Republic of Kiribati. Chemosphere 84:117-123. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Kiribati Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Cui, J; Liu, JX; Chen, JJ; Henny, RJ. 2011. Regeneration of Chlorophytum amaniense 'Fire Flash' Through Indirect Shoot Organogenesis. HortScience 46:466-469. 2011 Light; Substrate
Rolfe, J; Windle, J. 2011. Assessing community values for reducing agricultural emissions to improve water quality and protect coral health in the Great Barrier Reef. Water Resources Research 47. 2011 Australia Model Agriculture; Monetary Valuation; Non-point Source Runoff
Sutherland, WJ; Bardsley, S; Bennun, L; Clout, M; Cote, IM; Depledge, MH; Dicks, LV; Dobson, AP; Fellman, L; Fleishman, E; Gibbons, DW; Impey, AJ; Lawton, JH; Lickorish, F; Lindenmayer, DB; Lovejoy, TE; Mac Nally, R; Madgwick, J; Peck, LS; Pretty, J; Prio. 2011. Horizon scan of global conservation issues for 2011. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 26:10-16. 2011 Global Review Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Invasive Species; Pathogens; Schools & Colleges
Bell, CM; Needham, MD; Szuster, BW. 2011. Congruence Among Encounters, Norms, Crowding, and Management in a Marine Protected Area. Environmental Management 48:499-513. 2011 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Pollnac, R; Seara, T. 2011. Factors Influencing Success of Marine Protected Areas in the Visayas, Philippines as Related to Increasing Protected Area Coverage. Environmental Management 47:584-592. 2011 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Gonzalez, C; Jentoft, S. 2011. MPA in Labor: Securing the Pearl Cays of Nicaragua. Environmental Management 47:617-629. 2011 South & Central America; Nicaragua; Oman; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Turtles
Hargreaves-Allen, V; Mourato, S; Milner-Gulland, EJ. 2011. A Global Evaluation of Coral Reef Management Performance: Are MPAs Producing Conservation and Socio-Economic Improvements? Environmental Management 47:684-700. 2011 Global; Philippines Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Teresa, FB; Romero, RD; Casatti, L; Sabino, J. 2011. Fish as Indicators of Disturbance in Streams Used for Snorkeling Activities in a Tourist Region. Environmental Management 47:960-968. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Gopinath, A; Muraleedharan, NS; Chandramohanakumar, N; Jayalakshmi, KV. 2011. Statistical Significance of BioMonitoring of Marine Algae for Trace Metal Levels in a Coral Environment. Environmental Forensics 12:98-105. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Agriculture; Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Primary Production
Perger, R; Vargas, R; Wall, A. 2011. Johngarthia cocoensis, a new species of Gecarcinidae MacLeay, 1838 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from Cocos Island, Costa Rica. Zootaxa 57-68. 2011 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Costa Rica Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites
Karnauskas, M; Huntington, BE; Babcock, EA; Lirman, D. 2011. Pre-existing spatial patterns in fish abundances influence species-specific responses in a Caribbean marine reserve. Marine Ecology Progress Series 432:235-246. 2011 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Booth, DT; Evans, A. 2011. Warm Water and Cool Nests Are Best. How Global Warming Might Influence Hatchling Green Turtle Swimming Performance. PLoS One 6. 2011 Global; Cuba Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Fish; Sea Turtles
Ramirez-Llodra, E; Tyler, PA; Baker, MC; Bergstad, OA; Clark, MR; Escobar, E; Levin, LA; Menot, L; Rowden, AA; Smith, CR; Van Dover, CL. 2011. Man and the Last Great Wilderness: Human Impact on the Deep Sea. PLoS One 6. 2011 Global; South & Central America; Mexico Review Climate; Fishing Sector; Ocean Acidity; Sediment
McAdoo, BG; Ah-Leong, JS; Bell, L; Ifopo, P; Ward, J; Lovell, E; Skelton, P. 2011. Coral reefs as buffers during the 2009 South Pacific tsunami, Upolu Island, Samoa. Earth-Science Reviews 107:147-155. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Samoa Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Supporting Services; Tourism & Recreation
Hannak, JS; Kompatscher, S; Stachowitsch, M; Herler, J. 2011. Snorkelling and trampling in shallow-water fringing reefs: Risk assessment and proposed management strategy. Journal of Environmental Management 92:2723-2733. 2011 Cuba; Egypt Model; Index or Indicator Banks, Credit, & Securities; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Ernst, S; Janse, M; Renema, W; Kouwenhoven, T; Goudeau, ML; Reichart, GJ. 2011. Benthic Foraminifera In A Large Indo-Pacific Coral Reef Aquarium. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 41:101-113. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Java; Indonesia Index or Indicator Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Alvarez-Filip, L; Gill, JA; Dulvy, NK; Perry, AL; Watkinson, AR; Cote, IM. 2011. Drivers of region-wide declines in architectural complexity on Caribbean reefs. Coral Reefs 30:1051-1060. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Zuidema, C; Plate, R; Dikou, A. 2011. To preserve or to develop? East Bay dredging project, South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands. Journal of Coastal Conservation 15:555-563. 2011 Turks and Caicos Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Monetary Valuation; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Turf Algae; Valuation
Rohr, JR; Dobson, AP; Johnson, PTJ; Kilpatrick, AM; Paull, SH; Raffel, TR; Ruiz-Moreno, D; Thomas, MB. 2011. Frontiers in climate change-disease research. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 26:270-277. 2011 Review; Model Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Pathogens
Lindley, ST; Erickson, DL; Moser, ML; Williams, G; Langness, OP; McCovey, BW; Belchik, M; Vogel, D; Pinnix, W; Kelly, JT; Heublein, JC; Klimley, AP. 2011. Electronic Tagging of Green Sturgeon Reveals Population Structure and Movement among Estuaries. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 140:108-122. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Columbia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges
Pelin, M; Zanette, C; De Bortoli, M; Sosa, S; Della Loggia, R; Tubaro, A; Florio, C. 2011. Effects of the marine toxin palytoxin on human skin keratinocytes: Role of ionic imbalance. Toxicology 282:30-38. 2011 Anemones & Zooanthids
Hoegh-Guldberg, O. 2011. Coral reef ecosystems and anthropogenic climate change. Regional Environmental Change 11:S215-S237. 2011 Global Field Study & Monitoring Climate; CO2; Fishing Sector; Ocean Acidity; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Barnett, J. 2011. Dangerous climate change in the Pacific Islands: food production and food security. Regional Environmental Change 11:S229-S237. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Agriculture; Climate; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing
Forrester, GE; O'Connell-Rodwell, C; Baily, P; Forrester, LM; Giovannini, S; Harmon, L; Karis, R; Krumholz, J; Rodwell, T; Jarecki, L. 2011. Evaluating Methods for Transplanting Endangered Elkhorn Corals in the Virgin Islands. Restoration Ecology 19:299-306. 2011 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Chou, JH; Ben-Nissan, B; Green, DW; Valenzuela, SM; Kohan, L. 2011. Targeting and Dissolution Characteristics of Bone Forming and Antibacterial Drugs by Harnessing the Structure of Microspherical Shells from Coral Beach Sand. Advanced Engineering Materials 13:93-99. 2011 Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Wijgerde, T; Diantari, R; Lewaru, MW; Verreth, JAJ; Osinga, R. 2011. Extracoelenteric zooplankton feeding is a key mechanism of nutrient acquisition for the scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis. Journal of Experimental Biology 214:3351-3357. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Nutrients; Plankton; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Puebla, O; Bermingham, E; Guichard, F. 2011. Perspective: Matching, Mate Choice, and Speciation. Integrative And Comparative Biology 51:485-491. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Model Fish; Medical Centers; Schools & Colleges
Tian, SG; Zhang, YS; Wang, JT; Niu, SW. 2011. Late Paleozoic reefs and their significance for tectonics and oil-gas exploration in the Hinggan-Inner Mongolia area. Science China-earth Sciences 54:212-222. 2011 China Algae; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment
Liu, Y; Jiang, T; Zhou, Y; Zhang, Z; Wang, ZJ; Tong, H; Shen, XY; Wang, YN. 2011. Evaluation of the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblast on a calcium carbonate coating on titanium surface. Materials Science and Engineering C 31:1055-1061. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mora, C; Aburto-Oropeza, O; Bocos, AA; Ayotte, PM; Banks, S; Bauman, AG; Beger, M; Bessudo, S; Booth, DJ; Brokovich, E; Brooks, A; Chabanet, P; Cinner, JE; Cortes, J; Cruz-Motta, JJ; Magana, AC; DeMartini, EE; Edgar, GJ; Feary, DA; Ferse, SCA; Friedlander. 2011. Global Human Footprint on the Linkage between Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning in Reef Fishes. PLoS Biology 9. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Maloney, B; Iliffe, TM; Gelwick, F; Quigg, A. 2011. Effect of nutrient enrichment on naturally occurring macroalgal species in six cave pools in Bermuda. Phycologia 50:132-143. 2011 Florida; Bermuda Index or Indicator Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
McLean, D. L., E. S. Harvey, D. V. Fairclough, and S. J. Newman. 2010. Large decline in the abundance of a targeted tropical lethrinid in areas open and closed to fishing. Marine Ecology Progress Series 418:189-199. 2010 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Jacquet, J., H. Fox, H. Motta, A. Ngusaru, and D. Zeller. 2010. Few data but many fish: marine small-scale fisheries catches for Mozambique and Tanzania. African Journal of Marine Science 32:197-206. 2010 Global; Tanzania; Mozambique Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Parsons, D. M., M. A. Morrison, and M. J. Slater. 2010. Responses to marine reserves: Decreased dispersion of the sparid Pagrus auratus (snapper). Biological Conservation 143:2039-2048. 2010 Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Lorentsen, S. H., K. Sjotun, and D. Gremillet. 2010. Multi-trophic consequences of kelp harvest. Biological Conservation 143:2054-2062. 2010 Norway Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Marine Birds
Marshall, A. D. and M. B. Bennett. 2010. Reproductive ecology of the reef manta ray Manta alfredi in southern Mozambique. Journal of Fish Biology 77:169-190. 2010 Mozambique Fishing Sector
Chin, A., P. M. Kyne, T. I. Walker, and R. B. Mcauley. 2010. An integrated risk assessment for climate change: analysing the vulnerability of sharks and rays on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. Global Change Biology 16:1936-1953. 2010 Australia Apex Fish Predators; Climate; Fishing Sector
Douglas, G. B., M. Kuhnen, L. C. Radke, G. Hancock, B. Brooke, M. J. Palmer, T. Pietsch, P. W. Ford, M. G. Trefry, and R. Packett. 2010. Delineation of sediment sources to a coastal wetland in the Great Barrier Reef catchment: influence of climate variability and land clearing since European arrival. Environmental Chemistry 7:190-206. 2010 Australia; Europe Agriculture; Climate; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Shank, T. M. 2010. Seamounts Deep-Ocean Laboratories of Faunal Connectivity, Evolution, and Endemism. Oceanography 23:108-122. 2010 Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing Sector
Houk, P. and J. Starmer. 2010. Constraints on the diversity and distribution of coral-reef assemblages in the volcanic Northern Mariana Islands. Coral Reefs 29:59-70. 2010 Northern Mariana Islands Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Salinity; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Ripamonti, U., R. M. Klar, L. F. Renton, and C. Ferretti. 2010. Synergistic induction of bone formation by hOP-1, hTGF-beta(3) and inhibition by zoledronate in macroporous coral-derived hydroxyapatites. Biomaterials 31:6400-6410. 2010 Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chih, C. P. 2010. Incorporating effective sample sizes into sampling designs for reef fish. Fisheries Research 105:102-110. 2010 Index or Indicator Fish; Fishing Sector
Maier, W. D. and S. J. Barnes. 2010. The Petrogenesis Of Platinum-Group Element Reefs In The Upper Main Zone Of The Northern Lobe Of The Bushveld Complex On The Farm Moorddrift South Africa. Economic Geology 105:841-854. 2010 South Africa Model Agriculture
Stephen, J. A. and P. J. Harris. 2010. Commercial catch composition with discard and immediate release mortality proportions off the southeastern coast of the United States. Fisheries Research 103:18-24. 2010 Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Claudet, J., C. W. Osenberg, P. Domenici, F. Badalamenti, M. Milazzo, J. M. Falcon, I. Bertocci, L. Benedetti-Cecchi, J. A. Garcia-Charton, R. Goni, J. A. Borg, A. Forcada, G. A. de Lucia, A. Perez-Ruzafa, P. Afonso, A. Brito, I. Guala, L. Le Direach, and Sanchez-Jerez,. 2010. Marine reserves: Fish life history and ecological traits matter. Ecological Applications 20:830-839. 2010 Europe Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation
Veal, C. J., M. Carmi, G. Dishon, Y. Sharon, K. Michael, D. Tchernov, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, and M. Fine. 2010. Shallow-water wave lensing in coral reefs: a physical and biological case study. Journal of Experimental Biology 213:4304-4312. 2010 Field Study & Monitoring Irrigation; Light; Stony Coral
Bartley, R., S. N. Wilkinson, A. A. Hawdon, B. N. Abbott, and D. A. Post. 2010. Impacts of improved grazing land management on sediment yields. Part 2: Catchment response. Journal of Hydrology 389:249-259. 2010 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Lewis, J. M., L. Siler, E. Souza, P. K. W. Ng, Y. H. Dong, G. L. Jiang, and R. W. Ward. 2010. Registration of 'Coral' Wheat. Journal Of Plant Registrations 4:205-214. 2010 Agriculture
Hamel, M. A. and S. Andrefouet. 2010. Using very high resolution remote sensing for the management of coral reef fisheries: Review and perspectives. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:1397-1405. 2010 Review; Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Carriquiry, J. D. and G. Horta-Puga. 2010. The Ba/Ca record of corals from the Southern Gulf of Mexico: Contributions from land-use changes, fluvial discharge and oil-drilling muds. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:1625-1630. 2010 South & Central America; Mexico Discharges; Oil & Gas Industry; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Sawall, Y., N. Phongsuwan, and C. Richter. 2010. Coral recruitment and recovery after the 2004 Tsunami around the Phi Phi Islands (Krabi Province) and Phuket, Andaman Sea, Thailand. Helgoland Marine Research 64:357-365. 2010 Thailand Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Burkepile, D. E. and M . E. Hay. 2010. Impact of herbivore identity on algal succession and coral growth on a Caribbean reef. PLoS One 5:e8963. 2010 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Algae; Coralline Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Pathogens; Small Herbivorous Fish; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Bushnell, M. E., J. T. Claisse, and C. W. Laidley. 2010. Lunar and seasonal patterns in fecundity of an indeterminate, multiple-spawning surgeonfish, the yellow tang Zebrasoma flavescens. Journal of Fish Biology 76:1343-1361. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Marriott, R. J., N. D. C. Jarvis, D. J. Adams, A. E. Gallash, J. Norriss, and S. J. Newman. 2010. Maturation and sexual ontogeny in the spangled emperor Lethrinus nebulosus. Journal of Fish Biology 76:1396-1414. 2010 Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Siboni, N., D. Rasoulouniriana, E. Ben-Dov, E. Kramarsky-Winter, A. Sivan, Y. Loya, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, and A. Kushmaro. 2010. Stramenopile Microorganisms Associated with the Massive Coral Favia sp. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 57:236-244. 2010 Australia Microorganisms; Stony Coral
Wallace, B. P., R. L. Lewison, S. L. McDonald, R. K. McDonald, C. Y. Kot, S. Kelez, R. K. Bjorkland, E. M. Finkbeiner, S. Helmbrecht, and L. B. Crowder. 2010. Global patterns of marine turtle bycatch. Conservation Letters [inpress]. 2010 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Birds; Sea Turtles; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Uthicke, S., A. Thompson, and B. Schaffelke. 2010. y Effectiveness of benthic foraminiferal and coral assemblages as water quality indicators on inshore reefs of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs 29:209-225. 2010 Global; South & Central America; Australia; Caribbean Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Light; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seastars; Sediment; Stony Coral
Rasher, D. B. and M. E. Hay. 2010. Chemically rich seaweeds poison corals when not controlled by herbivores. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107:9683-9688. 2010 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas
Toller, W., A. O. Debrot, M. J. A. Vermeij, and P. C. Hoetjes. 2010. Reef Fishes of Saba Bank, Netherlands Antilles: Assemblage Structure across a Gradient of Habitat Types. PLoS One 5:e9207. 2010 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Index or Indicator Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Rasala, B. A., M. Muto, P. A. Lee, M. Jager, R. M. R. Cardoso, C. A. Behnke, P. Kirk, C. A. Hokanson, R. Crea, M. Mendez, and S. P. Mayfield. 2010. Production of therapeutic proteins in algae, analysis of expression of seven human proteins in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Biotechnology 8:719-733. 2010 Algae; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
McKenna, S. A. and P. Etnoyer. 2010. Rapid Assessment of Stony Coral Richness and Condition on Saba Bank, Netherlands Antilles. PLoS One 5:e10749. 2010 South & Central America; Antilles; Cuba; Caribbean Algae; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Complex Habitat & Resources; Oil & Gas Tankers; Pathogens; Sponges; Stony Coral
Penesyan, A., S. Kjelleberg, and S. Egan. 2010. Development of novel drugs from marine surface associated microorganisms. Marine Drugs 8:438-459. 2010 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Thomas, Y., C. Courties, Y. El Helwe, A. Herbland, and H. Lemonnier. 2010. Spatial and temporal extension of eutrophication associated with shrimp farm wastewater discharges in the New Caledonia lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin 61:387-398. 2010 New Caledonia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Discharges; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Nutrients; Plankton; Wastewater Discharge
Murdock, S., H. Johnson, N. Forget, and S. K. Juniper. 2010. Composition and diversity of microbial mats at shallow hydrothermal vents on Volcano 1, South Tonga Arc. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 51:407-412. 2010 Tonga Discharges
Lirman, D., A. Bowden-Kerby, S. Schopmeyer, B. Huntington, T. Thyberg, M. Gough, T. Gough, R. Gough, and Y. Gough. 2010. A window to the past: documenting the status of one of the last remaining 'megapopulations' of the threatened staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis in the Dominican Republic. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20:773-781. 2010 South & Central America; Dominican Republic; Caribbean Algae; Coastal Development; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Worms; Pathogens; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Jollit, I., M. Leopold, N. Guillemot, G. David, P. Chabanet, J. M. Lebigre, and J. Ferraris. 2010. Geographical aspects of informal reef fishery systems in New Caledonia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 61:585-597. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Nip, T. H. M. and C. K. Wong. 2010. Juvenile Fish Assemblages in Mangrove and Non-Mangrove Soft-Shore Habitats in Eastern Hong Kong. Zoological Studies 49:760-778. 2010 Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish; Salinity; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Villanueva, R. D., A. J. Edwards, and J. D. Bell. 2010. Enhancement of Grazing Gastropod Populations as a Coral Reef Restoration Tool: Predation Effects and Related Applied Implications. Restoration Ecology 18:803-809. 2010 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Octopus & Squid; Small Herbivorous Fish; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Gupta, R. K. and J. Mukherjee. 2010. EFFICIENT HIGH GAIN WITH LOW SIDELOBE LEVEL ANTENNA STRUCTURES USING CIRCULAR ARRAY OF SQUARE PARASITIC PATCHES ON A SUPERSTRATE LAYER. Microwave And Optical Technology Letters 52:2812-2817. 2010
Hunt, M. E., M. P. Scherrer, F. D. Ferrari, and M. V. Matz. 2010. Very Bright Green Fluorescent Proteins from the Pontellid Copepod Pontella mimocerami. PLoS One 5:e11517. 2010 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Biomedical Research Policies; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Turner, A. 2010. Marine pollution from antifouling paint particles. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:159-171. 2010 Review Invertebrates; Salinity; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges
Renones, O., A. Grau, X. Mas, F. Riera, and F. Saborido-Rey. 2010. Reproductive pattern of an exploited dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834) (Pisces: Serranidae) population in the western Mediterranean. Scientia Marina 74:523-537. 2010 Index or Indicator Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Lozano-Alvarez, E., P. Briones-Fourzan, L. Alvarez-Filip, H. M. Weiss, F. Negrete-Soto, and C. Barradas-Ortiz. 2010. Influence of shelter availability on interactions between Caribbean spiny lobsters and moray eels: implications for artificial lobster enhancement. Marine Ecology Progress Series 400:175-185. 2010 South & Central America; Caribbean Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses
March, D., M. Palmer, J. Alos, A. Grau, and F. Cardona. 2010. Short-term residence, home range size and diel patterns of the painted comber Serranus scriba in a temperate marine reserve. Marine Ecology Progress Series 400:195-206. 2010 Field Study & Monitoring Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Seagrasses
Clua, E., N. Buray, P. Legendre, J. Mourier, and S. Planes. 2010. Behavioural response of sicklefin lemon sharks Negaprion acutidens to underwater feeding for ecotourism purposes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 414:257-266. 2010 Apex Fish Predators; Tourism & Recreation; Travel Services & Tour Operators
Poonian, C., P. Z. R. Davis, and C. K. McNaughton. 2010. Impacts of Recreational Divers on Palauan Coral Reefs and Options for Management. Pacific Science 64:557-565. 2010 Cuba; Palau Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Physical Damage; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Lenahan, M. J. and K. L. Bristow. 2010. Understanding sub-surface solute distributions and salinization mechanisms in a tropical coastal floodplain groundwater system. Journal of Hydrology 390:131-142. 2010 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Discharges; Irrigation; Nutrients; Salinity; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Tirard, P., M. J. Manning, I. Jollit, C. Duffy, and P. Borsa. 2010. Records of Great White Sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in New Caledonian Waters. Pacific Science 64:567-576. 2010 Cuba; New Caledonia Apex Fish Predators; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Whales & Dolphins
Radford, C. A., J. A. Stanley, C. T. Tindle, J. C. Montgomery, and A. G. Jeffs. 2010. Localised coastal habitats have distinct underwater sound signatures. Marine Ecology Progress Series 401:21-29. 2010 Beaches & Nature Parks; Complex Habitat & Resources; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins
Watson, J. R., S. Mitarai, D. A. Siegel, J. E. Caselle, C. Dong, and J. C. McWilliams. 2010. Realized and potential larval connectivity in the Southern California Bight. Marine Ecology Progress Series 401:31-48. 2010 Fish; Fishing Sector; Plankton
Dunstan, A., O. Alanis, and J. Marshall. 2010. Nautilus pompilius fishing and population decline in the Philippines: A comparison with an unexploited Australian Nautilus population. Fisheries Research 106:239-247. 2010 Australia; Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Ransom, K. P. and S. C. Mangi. 2010. Valuing Recreational Benefits of Coral Reefs: The Case of Mombasa Marine National Park and Reserve, Kenya. Environmental Management 45:145-154. 2010 Kenya Banks, Credit, & Securities; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Jensen, S., S. Duperron, N. K. Birkeland, and M. Hovland. 2010. Intracellular Oceanospirillales bacteria inhabit gills of Acesta bivalves. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 74:523-533. 2010 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Norway Bivalves; Finfish Harvest
Rasalato, E., V. Maginnity, and J. M. Brunnschweiler. 2010. Using local ecological knowledge to identify shark river habitats in Fiji (South Pacific). Environmental Conservation 37:90-97. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Fiji Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Housing; Resource Use Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Love, M. S., B. Lenarz, and L. Snook. 2010. A Survey Of The Reef Fishes, Purple Hydrocoral (Stylaster Californicus), And Marine Debris Of Farnsworth Bank, Santa Catalina Island. Bulletin of Marine Science 86:35-52. 2010 Commercial Fisheries; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Hydrocoral; Marine Debris; Recreational Fishing; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Munoz, R. C., M. L. Burton, K. J. Brennan, and R. O. Parker. 2010. Reproduction, Habitat Utilization, And Movements Of Hogfish (Lachnolaimus Maximus) In The Florida Keys, Usa: Comparisons From Fished Versus Unfished Habitats. Bulletin of Marine Science 86:93-116. 2010 Florida; Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Galaz, V., B. Crona, T. Daw, O. Bodin, M. Nystrom, and P. Olsson. 2010. Can web crawlers revolutionize ecological monitoring? Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 8:99-104. 2010 Field Study & Monitoring Internet & Telecommunications
Washburne, R. and Wagar, J. 2010. Evaluating Visitor Response to Exhibit Content. Curator: The Museum Journal 15:248-256. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites; Tourism & Recreation
de Almeida, M. T. R., G. E. Siless, C. D. Perez, M. J. Veloso, L. Schejter, L. Puricelli, and J. A. Palermo. 2010. Dolabellane Diterpenoids from the South Atlantic Gorgonian Convexella magelhaenica. Journal of Natural Products 73:1714-1717. 2010 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Octocoral
Welch, D. J., B. D. Mapstone, C. R. Davies, and G. R. Russ. 2010. Spatial and fishing effects on sampling gear biases in a tropical reef line fishery. Marine and Freshwater Research 61:1134-1146. 2010 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Bjerager, M., F. Surlyk, H. Lykke-Andersen, N. Thibault, and L. Stemmerik. 2010. Danian cool-water coral reefs in southern Scandinavia localised over seafloor highs. Marine and Petroleum Geology 27:455-466. 2010 Cuba; Norway Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Echinoderms; Nutrients; Water Depth & Sea Level
DiMasi, J. A., L. Feldman, A. Seckler, and A. Wilson. 2010. Trends in risks associated with new drug development: success rates for investigational drugs. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 87:272-277. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Bird, M. I., W. E. N. Austin, C. M. Wurster, L. K. Fifield, M. Mojtahid, and C. Sargeant. 2010. Punctuated eustatic sea-level rise in the early mid-Holocene. Geology 38:803-806. 2010 Agriculture; Climate; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Rudershausen, P. J., W. A. Mitchell, J. A. Buckel, E. H. Williams, and E. Hazen. 2010. Developing a two-step fishery-independent design to estimate the relative abundance of deepwater reef fish: Application to a marine protected area off the southeastern United States coast. Fisheries Research 105:254-260. 2010 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Gray, D. L., R. Canessa, R. Rollins, C. P. Keller, and P. Dearden. 2010. Incorporating Recreational Users into Marine Protected Area Planning: A Study of Recreational Boating in British Columbia, Canada. Environmental Management 46:167-180. 2010 Columbia Model Aquaculture; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
Godoy, N., S. Gelcich, J. A. Vasquez, and J. C. Castilla. 2010. Spearfishing to depletion: evidence from temperate reef fishes in Chile. Ecological Applications 20:1504-1511. 2010 Cuba Index or Indicator Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Pert, P. L., J. R. A. Butler, J. E. Brodie, C. Bruce, M. Honzak, F. J. Kroon, D. Metcalfe, D. Mitchell, and G. Wong. 2010. A catchment-based approach to mapping hydrological ecosystem services using riparian habitat: A case study from the Wet Tropics, Australia. Ecological Complexity 7:378-388. 2010 Australia GIS & Maps Agriculture; Funding & Incentives; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Stewart, J. and J. M. Hughes. 2010. Life-history traits of the southern hemisphere eastern red scorpionfish, Scorpaena cardinalis (Scorpaenidae: Scorpaeninae). Marine and Freshwater Research 61:1290-1297. 2010 Global; Australia Index or Indicator Fish; Fishing Sector
Baker, D. M., E. Jordan-Dahlgren, M. A. Maldonado, and C. D. Harvell. 2010. Sea fan corals provide a stable isotope baseline for assessing sewage pollution in the Mexican Caribbean. Limnology and Oceanography 55:2139-2149. 2010 South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Infrastructure; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Octocoral; Sewage Treatment; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management Policies
Musingwini, C. 2010. Techno-economic optimization of level and raise spacing in Bushveld Complex platinum reef conventional breast mining. Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 110:425-436. 2010 South Africa Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining Policies; Valuation
Trost, B. M., M. Osipov, and G. B. Dong. 2010. Palladium-Catalyzed Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformations of Vinyl Aziridines with Nitrogen Heterocycles: Rapid Access to Biologically Active Pyrroles and Indoles. Journal of the American Chemical Society 132:15800-15807. 2010 Nutrients
Capasso, E., S. R. Jenkins, M. Frost, and H. Hinz. 2010. Investigation of benthic community change over a century-wide scale in the western English Channel. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90:1161-1172. 2010 Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Sea Urchins; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Bellchambers, L. M., S. N. Evans, and J. J. Meeuwig. 2010. Abundance and size of western rock lobster (Panulirus cygnus) as a function of benthic habitat: implications for ecosystem-based fisheries management. Marine and Freshwater Research 61:279-287. 2010 Australia GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sponges
Tsuda, R. T., J. R. Fisher, P. S. Vroom, and I. A. Abbott. 2010. New records of subtidal benthic marine algae from Wake Atoll, Central Pacific. Botanica Marina 53:19-29. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Micronesia; Marshall Islands Algae; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites
Valentine, J. P. and G. J. Edgar. 2010. Impacts of a population outbreak of the urchin Tripneustes gratilla amongst Lord Howe Island coral communities. Coral Reefs 29:399-410. 2010 Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins
Smith, J. E., C. L. Hunter, and C. M. Smith. 2010. The effects of top�down versus bottom�up control on benthic coral reef community structure. Oecologia 163:497-507. 2010 Global Algae; Climate; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Molina, J. L., J. Bromley, J.L. Garcia-Arostegui, C. Sullivan, J. Benavente. 2010. Integrated water resources management of overexploited hydrogeological systems using Object-Oriented Bayesian Networks. Environmental Modelling & Software 25:383-397. 2010 Spain Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Decision Support; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Surface & Groundwater Flow
van Beukering, P. J. H., S. Sarkis, E. McKenzie, S. Hess, L. Brander, M. Roelfsema, L. Looijenstijn-van der Putten, and T. Bervoets. 2010. Total economic value of bermuda�s coral reefs: valuation of ecosystem services. Van Beukering Consulting, Amsterdam, NL. 2010 Bermuda Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
McCook, L. J., T. Ayling, M. Cappo, J. H. Choat, R. D. Evans., D. M. De Freitas, M. Heupel, T. P. Hughes, G. P. Jones, B. Mapstone, H. Marsh, M. Mills, F. J. Molloy, C. R. Pitcher, R. L. Pressey, G. R. Russ, S. Sutton, H. Sweatman, R. Tobin, D. R. Wachenfeld, and D. H. Williamson. 2010. Adaptive management of the Great Barrier Reef: a globally significant demonstration of the benefits of networks of marine reserves. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [earlyedition]. 2010 Global; Australia Review Apex Fish Predators; Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Seastars; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Irrigation Association. 2010. Turf and Landscape Irrigation Best Management Practices. 2010 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Irrigation
Dissanayake, D. C. T. and G. Stefansson. 2010. Reproductive biology of the commercial sea cucumber Holothuria atra (Holothuroidea: Aspidochirotida) in the northwestern coastal waters of Sri Lanka. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 54:65-76. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Sri Lanka Index or Indicator Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest
Dragicevic, J. S. 2010. Sea Pollution By Petroleum And Petroleum Products. Gradevinar 62:755-760. 2010 South & Central America; Mexico Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Oil & Gas Industry
Gayle, P., B. Charpentier, O. Spence, and A. Levrel. 2010. The Jamaican CARICOMP Site using a temporal data set to assist in managing coastal resources. Revista de Biologia Tropical 58:63-69. 2010 Jamaica Algae; Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Stony Coral
Wielgus, J., E. Cooper, R. Torres, and L. Burke. 2010. Coastal capital: Dominican Republic. Case studies on the economic value of coastal ecosystems in the Dominican Republic. Washington, DC, World Resources Institute. 2010 Global; Dominican Republic Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Development; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Arai, M. and M. Kobayashi. 2010. Search for Medicinal Seeds from Marine Organisms. Journal Of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan 68:470-479. 2010 Japan; Indonesia Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Rastogi, R. P., Richa, R. P. Sinha, S. P. Singh, and D. P. Hader. 2010. Photoprotective compounds from marine organisms. Journal Of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology 37:537-558. 2010 Algae; Cyanobacteria; Light; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Plankton
Shen, S. Z., M. Y. Zhu, X. D. Wang, G. X. Li, C. Q. Cao, and H. Zhang. 2010. A comparison of the biological, geological events and environmental backgrounds between the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian and Permian-Triassic transitions. Science China-earth Sciences 53:1873-1884. 2010 Global Coal Mining
Martinez-Porchas, M., L. R. Martinez-Cordova, M. A. Porchas-Cornejo, and J. A. Lopez-Elias. 2010. Shrimp polyculture: a potentially profitable, sustainable, but uncommon aquacultural practice. Reviews In Aquaculture 2:73-85. 2010 Review Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pathogens
Price, A. R. G., A. Harris, A. Mcgowan, A. J. Venkatachalam, and C. R. C. Sheppard. 2010. Chagos feels the pinch: assessment of holothurian (sea cucumber) abundance, illegal harvesting and conservation prospects in British Indian Ocean Territory. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20:117-126. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; Chagos Archipelago; Sri Lanka; India Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Koldewey, H. J., D. Curnick, S. Harding, L. R. Harrison, and M. Gollock. 2010. Potential benefits to fisheries and biodiversity of the Chagos Archipelago/British Indian Ocean Territory as a no-take marine reserve. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:1906-1915. 2010 Indian Ocean; Chagos Archipelago; India Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Hopkins, G. A. and B. M. Forrest. 2010. Challenges associated with pre-border management of biofouling on oil rigs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:1924-1929. 2010 Australia Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Oil & Gas Rigs
Borsa, P., A. Collet, L. Carassou, D. Ponton, and W. J. Chen. 2010. Multiple nuclear and mitochondrial genotyping identifies emperors and large-eye breams (Teleostei: Lethrinidae) from New Caledonia and reveals new large-eye bream species. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 38:370-389. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Heupel, M. R., A. J. Williams, D. J. Welch, C. R. Davies, A. Penny, J. P. Kritzer, R. J. Marriott, and B. D. Mapstone. 2010. Demographic characteristics of exploited tropical lutjanids: a comparative analysis. Fishery Bulletin 108:420-432. 2010 Finfish Harvest; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Garmendia, E., R. Prellezo, A. Murillas, M. Escapa, and M. Gallastegui. 2010. Weak and strong sustainability assessment in fisheries. Ecological Economics 70:96-106. 2010 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Ahn, K. J., M. J. Jeon, and M. A. Branham. 2010. Phylogeny, biogeography and the stepwise evolutionary colonization of intertidal habitat in the Liparocephalini based on morphological and molecular characters (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). Cladistics 26:344-358. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Beaches & Nature Parks
Alcolado, P. M., I. E. Morgan, P. A. Kramer, R. N. Ginsburg, P. Blanchon, E. de la Guardia, V. Kosminin, S. Gonzalez-Ferrer, and M. Hernandez. 2010. Condition of remote reefs off southwest Cuba. Ciencias Marinas 36:179-197. 2010 South & Central America; Cuba; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Sea Urchins; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Goddard, J. H. R. and M. S. Love. 2010. Megabenthic Invertebrates On Shell Mounds Associated With Oil And Gas Platforms Off California. Bulletin of Marine Science 86:533-554. 2010 Anemones & Zooanthids; Echinoderms; Invasive Species; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Oil & Gas Rigs; Sea Urchins; Seastars
Guzner, B., A. Novplansky, O. Shalit, and N. E. Chadwick. 2010. Indirect Impacts Of Recreational Scuba Diving: Patterns Of Growth And Predation In Branching Stony Corals. Bulletin of Marine Science 86:727-742. 2010 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Pathogens; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Hiscock, K., S. Sharrock, J. Highfield, and D. Snelling. 2010. Colonization of an artificial reef in south-west England-ex-HMS 'Scylla'. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90:69-94. 2010 England Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Artificial Habitat; Coastal Defense; Military; Planktivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Sponges
Wolkenhauer, S. M., S. Uthicke, C. Burridge, T. Skewes, and R. Pitcher. 2010. The ecological role of Holothuria scabra (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) within subtropical seagrass beds. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90:215-223. 2010 Global Algae; Commercial Fisheries; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Seagrasses
Campbell, R. J., N. Ledesma, G. Zill, J. C. Herrera, and J. Leon. 2010. Collecting Pouterias (Pouteria spp.), Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) and Caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito) for the Creation of New Markets. Journal Of The American Pomological Society 64:24-27. 2010 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Nicaragua; Costa Rica Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Collaboration & Partnering; Landscaping & Household Services
Rahul, P. R. C., P. S. Salvekar, B. K. Sahu, S. Nayak, and T. S. Kumar. 2010. Role of a Cyclonic Eddy in the 7000-Year-Old Mentawai Coral Reef Death During the 1997 Indian Ocean Dipole Event. Ieee Geoscience And Remote Sensing Letters 7:296-300. 2010 Indian Ocean; India; Indonesia Model Climate; Plankton; Stony Coral
McClanahan, T. R. 2010. Effects of Fisheries Closures and Gear Restrictions on Fishing Income in a Kenyan Coral Reef. Conservation Biology 24:1519-1528. 2010 Indian Ocean; Kenya; India Docks & Marinas; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Funding & Incentives; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Special Use Permitting; Valuation
Flachsmann, F., K. Schellhaas, C. E. Moya, R. S. Jacobs, and W. Fenical. 2010. Synthetic pseudopterosin analogues: A novel class of antiinflammatory drug candidates. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 18:8324-8333. 2010
Noernberg, M. A., J. Fournier, S. Dubois, and J. Populus. 2010. Using airborne laser altimetry to estimate Sabellaria alveolata (Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) reefs volume in tidal flat environments. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 90:93-102. 2010 France Model; Remote Sensing Finfish Harvest; Marine Worms
Sella, I. and Y. Benayahu. 2010. Rearing cuttings of the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea): towards mass production in a closed seawater system. Aquaculture Research 41:1748-1758. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Salinity
Wanless, R. M., S. Scott, W. H. H. Sauer, T. G. Andrew, J. P. Glass, B. Godfrey, C. Griffiths, and E. Yeld. 2010. Semi-submersible rigs: a vector transporting entire marine communities around the world. Biological Invasions 12:2573-2583. 2010 Fish; Invasive Species; Oil & Gas Rigs
Marshall, N. A., P. A. Marshall, A. Abdulla, and T. Rouphael. 2010. The Links Between Resource Dependency and Attitude of Commercial Fishers to Coral Reef Conservation in the Red Sea. Ambio 39:305-313. 2010 Egypt Climate; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas
de Mitcheson, Y. S., M. Liu, and S. Suharti. 2010. Gonadal development in a giant threatened reef fish, the humphead wrasse Cheilinus undulatus, and its relationship to international trade. Journal of Fish Biology 77:706-718. 2010 Global; Indonesia Fishing Sector; Planktivorous Fish; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Matsukane, Y., H. Sato, S. Tanaka, Y. Kamata, and Y. Sugita-Konishi. 2010. Kudoa septempunctata n. sp (Myxosporea: Multivalvulida) from an aquacultured olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) imported from Korea. Parasitology Research 107:865-872. 2010 Australia Aquaculture; Planktivorous Fish
Williams, S. B., O. Pizarro, J. M. Webster, R. J. Beaman, I. Mahon, M. Johnson-Roberson, and T. C. L. Bridge. 2010. Autonomous Underwater Vehicle-Assisted Surveying of Drowned Reefs on the Shelf Edge of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Journal Of Field Robotics 27:675-697. 2010 Australia GIS & Maps Pipelines
Wakefield, C. B., S. J. Newman, and B. W. Molony. 2010. Age-based demography and reproduction of hapuku, Polyprion oxygeneios, from the south coast of Western Australia: implications for management. ICES Journal of Marine Science 67:1164-1174. 2010 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Beharry-Borg, N. and R. Scarpa. 2010. Valuing quality changes in Caribbean coastal waters for heterogeneous beach visitors. Ecological Economics 69:1124-1139. 2010 South & Central America; Tobago; Caribbean Model Banks, Credit, & Securities; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Health Policies; Monetary Valuation; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation
Langhamer, O., K. Haikonen, and J. Sundberg. 2010. Wave power Sustainable energy or environmentally costly? A review with special emphasis on linear wave energy converters. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 14:1329-1335. 2010 Global Review Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector; Shoreline Protection; Substrate; Whales & Dolphins
Tsounis, G., S. Rossi, R. Grigg, G. Santangelo, L. Bramanti, and J. M. Gili. 2010. The Exploitation And Conservation Of Precious Corals. Pages 161-211 Oceanography And Marine Biology: An Annual Review, Vol 48. 2010 Review Fishing Sector; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Souvenir & Decorative Trade
D'Onghia, G., P. Maiorano, L. Sion, A. Giove, F. Capezzuto, R. Carlucci, and A. Tursi. 2010. Effects of deep-water coral banks on the abundance and size structure of the megafauna in the Mediterranean Sea. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 57:397-411. 2010 Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Kuminoff, N. V., C. F.Parmeter, and J. C. Pope. 2010. Which hedonic models can we trust to recover the marginal willingness to pay for environmental amenities? Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 60:145-160. 2010 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Housing; Monetary Valuation
Todd, P. A., X. Y. Ong, and L. M. Chou. 2010. Impacts of pollution on marine life in Southeast Asia. Biodiversity and Conservation 19:1063-1082. 2010 Global; Southeast Asia; Philippines Review Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Waterborne Discharges
Mastrototaro, F., G. D'Onghia, G. Corriero, A. Matarrese, P. Maiorano, P. Panetta, M. Gherardi, C. Longo, A. Rosso, F. Sciuto, R. Sanfilippo, C. Gravili, F. Boero, M. Taviani, and A. Tursi. 2010. Biodiversity of the white coral bank off Cape Santa Maria di Leuca (Mediterranean Sea): An update. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 57:412-430. 2010 Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Molluscs; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Uthicke, S., M. Byrne, and C. Conand. 2010. Genetic barcoding of commercial Beche-de-mer species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Molecular Ecology Resources 10:634-646. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; India; Pacific Ocean Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Invertebrates
Lee, Y. F., Y. H. Lin, and S. H. Wu. 2010. Spatiotemporal Variation in Cicada Diversity and Distribution, and Tree Use by Exuviating Nymphs, in East Asian Tropical Reef-Karst Forests and Forestry Plantations. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 103:216-226. 2010 Forestry; Substrate
Lauer, M. and S. Aswani. 2010. Indigenous Knowledge and Long-term Ecological Change: Detection, Interpretation, and Responses to Changing Ecological Conditions in Pacific Island Communities. Environmental Management 45:985-997. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Solomon Islands Remote Sensing Housing; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Wood, C. L., K. D. Lafferty, and F. Micheli. 2010. Fishing out marine parasites? Impacts of fishing on rates of parasitism in the ocean. Ecology Letters 13:761-775. 2010 Global Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Dumas, P., H. Jimenez, M. Leopold, G. Petro, and R. Jimmy. 2010. Effectiveness of village-based marine reserves on reef invertebrates in Emau, Vanuatu. Environmental Conservation 37:364-372. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Vanuatu Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Snails & Conch
Rooper, C. N., G. R. Hoff, and A. De Robertis. 2010. Assessing habitat utilization and rockfish (Sebastes spp.) biomass on an isolated rocky ridge using acoustics and stereo image analysis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67:1658-1670. 2010 Fish; Fishing Sector
Simon, S. L., A. Bouville, C. E. Land, and H. L. Beck. 2010. Radiation Doses And Cancer Risks In The Marshall Islands Associated With Exposure To Radioactive Fallout From Bikini And Enewetak Nuclear Weapons Tests: Summary. Health Physics 99:105-123. 2010 Marshall Islands
Beck, H. L., A. Bouville, B. E. Moroz, and S. L. Simon. 2010. Fallout Deposition In The Marshall Islands From Bikini And Enewetak Nuclear Weapons Tests. Health Physics 99:124-142. 2010 Marshall Islands Review; Field Study & Monitoring
MacNeil, M. A., N. A. J. Graham, J. E. Cinner, N. K. Dulvy, P. A. Loring, S. Jennings, N. V. C. Polunin, A. T. Fisk, and T. R. McClanahan. 2010. Transitional states in marine fisheries: adapting to predicted global change. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365:3753-3763. 2010 Global; Indian Ocean; India Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Primary Production
Jackson, J. B. C. 2010. The future of the oceans past. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365:3765-3778. 2010 Global; South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean Climate; Finfish Harvest; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Ocean Acidity
Coleman, F. C. and C. C. Koenig. 2010. The effects of fishing, climate change, and other anthropogenic disturbances on red grouper and other reef fishes in the Gulf of Mexico. Integrative And Comparative Biology 50:E31-E31. 2010 South & Central America; Mexico Climate; Finfish Harvest; Piscivorous Fish
Mumby, P. J. and A. R. Harborne. 2010. Marine reserves enhance the recovery of corals on caribbean reefs. PLoS One 5:e8657. 2010 South & Central America; Caribbean Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Climate; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Mason, T. J. and C. G. Lowe. 2010. Home range, habitat use, and site fidelity of barred sand bass within a southern California marine protected area. Fisheries Research 106:93-101. 2010 GIS & Maps Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Marriner, N., M. Guerout, T. Romon, and P. Dussouillez. 2010. Geomorphology of Tromelin, Indian Ocean. Comptes Rendus Geoscience 342:766-777. 2010 Indian Ocean; Madagascar; Reunion; India; France Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Molloy, P. P., J. A. Anticamara, J. L. Rist, and A. C. J. Vincent. 2010. Frugal conservation: What does it take to detect changes in fish populations? Biological Conservation 143:2532-2542. 2010 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management
Knittweis, L. and M. Wolff. 2010. Live coral trade impacts on the mushroom coral Heliofungia actiniformis in Indonesia: Potential future management approaches. Biological Conservation 143:2722-2729. 2010 Indonesia Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Smith, K., M. Scarr, and C. Scarpaci. 2010. Grey Nurse Shark (Carcharias taurus) Diving Tourism: Tourist Compliance and Shark Behaviour at Fish Rock, Australia. Environmental Management 46:699-710. 2010 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Moreno-Sanchez, R. d. P. and J. H. Maldonado. 2010. Evaluating the role of co-management in improving governance of marine protected areas: an experimental approach in the Colombian Caribbean. Ecological Economics 69:2557-2567. 2010 South & Central America; Caribbean Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting
Poterba, J. M., S. F. Venti, and D. A. Wise. 2010. The asset cost of poor health. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA. 2010 Index or Indicator Housing
Walker, B., L. Pearson, M. Harris, K.-G. Maler, C.-Z. Li, R. Biggs, and T. Bayes. 2010. Incorporating resilience in the assessment of inclusive wealth: an example from South East Australia. Environmental Resources and Economics 45:183-202. 2010 Australia Agriculture
Albouy, C., D. Mouillot, D. Rocklin, J. M. Culioli, and F. Le Loc'h. 2010. Simulation of the combined effects of artisanal and recreational fisheries on a Mediterranean MPA ecosystem using a trophic model. Marine Ecology Progress Series 412:207-221. 2010 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Petraitis, P. S. and C. Hoffman. 2010. Multiple stable states and relationship between thresholds in processes and states. Marine Ecology Progress Series 413:189-200. 2010 Review; Model Fishing Sector; Seagrasses
Water Stewardship Inc. 2010. Beta Test Report: Process Development & Description of Findings. 2010 Agriculture; Nutrients
Chong, V. C., P. K. Y. Lee, and C. M. Lau. 2010. Diversity, extinction risk and conservation of Malaysian fishes. Journal of Fish Biology 76:2009-2066. 2010 Malaysia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sediment
Hamouda, A. Z. and K. M. Abdel-Salam. 2010. Estuarine Habitat Assessment for Construction of a Submarine Transmission Line. Surveys In Geophysics 31:449-463. 2010 Egypt GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Invertebrates; Marine Worms; Mitigation; Pipelines; Sediment; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Water Depth & Sea Level
Edgar, G. J. and N. S. Barrett. 2010. Biotic affinities of rocky reef fishes, invertebrates and macroalgae in different zones of the Port Davey marine protected area, south-western Tasmania. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20:282-296. 2010 Australia Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Marine Protected Areas; Water Depth & Sea Level
Edgar, G. J., P. R. Last, N. S. Barrett, K. Gowlett-Holmes, M. Driessen, and P. Mooney. 2010. Conservation of natural wilderness values in the Port Davey marine and estuarine protected area, south-western Tasmania. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20:297-311. 2010 Global; Australia Boating Activities; Climate; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Invertebrates; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Salinity; Sediment; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Kimokeo, B. K., Z. H. Forsman, C. L. Hunter, and R. J. Toonen. 2010. Coral Farming: Species Specific Effects of Light, Water Motion and Artificial Foods. Integrative And Comparative Biology 50:E251-E251. 2010 Aquaculture
Lynch, A. M. J., S. G. Sutton, and C. A. Simpfendorfer. 2010. Implications of recreational fishing for elasmobranch conservation in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20:312-318. 2010 Australia Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Cook, E. J., R. Shucksmith, H. Orr, G. V. Ashton, and J. Berge. 2010. Fatty acid composition as a dietary indicator of the invasive caprellid, Caprella mutica (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Marine Biology 157:19-27. 2010 Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Algae; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Invasive Species
Nanami, A., T. Kurihara, Y. Kurita, Y. Aonuma, N. Suzuki, and H. Yamada. 2010. Age, growth and reproduction of the humpback red snapper Lutjanus gibbus off Ishigaki Island, Okinawa. Ichthyological Research 57:240-244. 2010 Japan Index or Indicator Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Nanami, A., K. Okuzawa, H. Yamada, N. Suzuki, and Y. Aonuma. 2010. Reproductive activity in the checkered snapper, Lutjanus decussatus, off Ishigaki Island, Okinawa. Ichthyological Research 57:314-318. 2010 Index or Indicator Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Nobi, E. P., E. Dilipan, T. Thangaradjou, K. Sivakumar, and L. Kannan. 2010. Geochemical and geo-statistical assessment of heavy metal concentration in the sediments of different coastal ecosystems of Andaman Islands, India. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 87:253-264. 2010 India Index or Indicator Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Armi, Z., S. Turki, E. Trabelsi, and N. Ben Maiz. 2010. First recorded proliferation of Coolia monotis (Meunier, 1919) in the North Lake of Tunis (Tunisia) correlation with environmental factors. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 164:423-433. 2010 Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Plankton; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Kuffner, I. B., R. Grober-Dunsmore, J. C. Brock, and T. D. Hickey. 2010. Biological community structure on patch reefs in Biscayne National Park, FL, USA. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 164:513-531. 2010 Remote Sensing Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Physical Variables; Storms & Hurricanes
Wilson, S. K., R. Fisher, M. S. Pratchett, N. A. J. Graham, N. K. Dulvy, R. A. Turner, A. Cakacaka, and N. V. C. Polunin. 2010. Habitat degradation and fishing effects on the size structure of coral reef fish communities. Ecological Applications 20:442-451. 2010 Fiji Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Seastars
Murchie, K. J., E. Schwager, S. J. Cooke, A. J. Danylchuk, S. E. Danylchuk, T. L. Goldberg, C. D. Suski, and D. P. Philipp. 2010. Spatial ecology of juvenile lemon sharks (Negaprion brevirostris) in tidal creeks and coastal waters of Eleuthera, The Bahamas. Environmental Biology of Fishes 89:95-104. 2010 Bahamas Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Coastal Development; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Gregati, R. A., V. Fransozo, L. S. Lopez-Greco, and M. L. Negreiros-Fransozo. 2010. Reproductive cycle and ovarian development of the marine ornamental shrimp Stenopus hispidus in captivity. Aquaculture 306:185-190. 2010 Cuba Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Salinity
Westerberg, V. H., R. Lifran, and S. B. Olsen. 2010. To restore or not? A valuation of social and ecological functions of the Marais des Baux wetland in Southern France. Ecological Economics 69:2383-2393. 2010 France Model Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands
Yamazaki, S., R. Q. Grafton, and T. Kompas. 2010. Non-consumptive values and optimal marine reserve switching. Ecological Economics 69:2427-2434. 2010 Australia Model Fishing Sector
TEEB. 2010. Integrating the ecological and economic dimensions in biodiversity and ecosystem service valuation. in Kumar, P., editor. The economics of ecosystems and biodiversity: ecological and economic foundations. Earthscan, United Kingdom. 2010 Fish; Fishing Sector; Funding & Incentives
TEEB. 2010. Measuring biophysical quantities and the use of indicators. in P. Kumar, editor. The economics of ecosystems and biodiversity: ecological and economic foundations. Earthscan, United Kingdom. 2010 Index or Indicator Agriculture; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Forestry
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 2010. Fisheries of the United States 2009. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2010 Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service Fisheries Statistics Division. 2010. Statistical highlights fisheries of the United States, 2009. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2010 Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector
Garzon-Ferreira, J. and A. Rodriguez-Ramirez. 2010. SIMAC: Development and implementation of a coral reef monitoring network in Colombia. Revista de Biologia Tropical 58:67-80. 2010 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Docks & Marinas; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Internet & Telecommunications; Octocoral; Pathogens; Salinity
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 2010. Imports & exports of fishery products annual summary, 2009. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2010 Fishing Sector
Sleeman, J. C., M. G. Meekan, B. J. Fitzpatrick, C. R. Steinberg, R. Ancel, and C. J. A. Bradshaw. 2010. Oceanographic and atmospheric phenomena influence the abundance of whale sharks at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 382:77-81. 2010 Global; Australia Model; Index or Indicator; Remote Sensing Apex Fish Predators; Physical Variables; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Manez, K. S. and S. C. A. Ferse. 2010. The History of Makassan Trepang Fishing and Trade. PLoS One 5:e11346. 2010 Southeast Asia; Indonesia Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Herrera, S., A. Baco, and J. A. Sanchez. 2010. Molecular systematics of the bubblegum coral genera (Paragorgiidae, Octocorallia) and description of a new deep-sea species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 55:123-135. 2010 Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Dailer, M. L., R. S. Knox, J. E. Smith, M. Napier, and C. M. Smith. 2010. Using delta N-15 values in algal tissue to map locations and potential sources of anthropogenic nutrient inputs on the island of Maui, Hawai'i, USA. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:655-671. 2010 GIS & Maps Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrients; Wastewater Discharge
Elliott, K. H., A. Shoji, K. L. Campbell, and A. J. Gaston. 2010. Oxygen stores and foraging behavior of two sympatric, planktivorous alcids. Aquatic Biology 8:221-235. 2010 Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Birds
Tkachenko, K. S. and K. Soong. 2010. Protection of Habitat Types: A Case Study of the Effectiveness of a Small Marine Reserve and Impacts of Different Habitats on the Diversity and Abundance of Coral Reef Fishes. Zoological Studies 49:195-210. 2010 Taiwan Index or Indicator Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Arbuatti, A. and P. Lucidi. 2010. Poisonous ornamental fishes on free sale. Survey on envenomations by Pterois volitans. Sanitary and legislative aspects with reference to the Italian current regulations about dangerous animals. Veterinaria 24:37-41. 2010 Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Special Use Permitting
Justine, J. L., A. Grugeaud, F. Keller, and P. Leblanc. 2010. Two thousand parasites on a single ray: An infection with two species of skin monogeneans on a blotched fantail ray kept in an aquarium. Acta Parasitologica 55:286-290. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia; Taiwan Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
De Santis, V., M. Caldara, T. de Torres, and J. E. Ortiz. 2010. Stratigraphic units of the Apulian Tavoliere plain (Southern Italy): Chronology, correlation with marine isotope stages and implications regarding vertical movements. Sedimentary Geology 228:255-270. 2010 Agriculture; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Butler, A. J., T. Rees, P. Beesley, and N. J. Bax. 2010. Marine Biodiversity in the Australian Region. PLoS One 5:e11831. 2010 Australia Marine Protected Areas; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites
Miloslavich, P., J. M. Diaz, E. Klein, J. Jose Alvarado, C. Diaz, J. Gobin, E. Escobar-Briones, J. J. Cruz-Motta, E. Weil, J. Cortes, A. C. Bastidas, R. Robertson, F. Zapata, A. Martin, J. Castillo, A. Kazandjian, and M. Ortiz. 2010. Marine Biodiversity in the Caribbean: Regional Estimates and Distribution Patterns. PLoS One 5:e11916. 2010 Global; South & Central America; Antilles; Cuba; Venezuela; Caribbean Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Ward-Paige, C. A., C. Mora, H. K. Lotze, C. Pattengill-Semmens, L. McClenachan, E. Arias-Castro, and R. A. Myers. 2010. Large-Scale Absence of Sharks on Reefs in the Greater-Caribbean: A Footprint of Human Pressures. PLoS One 5:e11968. 2010 South & Central America; Caribbean Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Special Use Permitting
Hardman, E., J. M. Green, M. S. Desire, and S. Perrine. 2010. Movement of sonically tagged bluespine unicornfish, Naso unicornis, in relation to marine reserve boundaries in Rodrigues, western Indian Ocean. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20:357-361. 2010 Indian Ocean; India Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
TEEB. 2010. The economics of valuing ecosystem services and biodiversity. in P. Kumar, editor. The economics of ecosystems and biodiversity: ecological and economic foundations. Earthscan, United Kingdom. 2010 Climate; Climate Regulation; Cultural Policies; Monetary Valuation; Recreational Opportunities; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation
Stewart, I., G. K. Eaglesham, S. Poole, G. Graham, C. Paulo, W. Wickramasinghe, R. Sadler, and G. R. Shaw. 2010. Establishing a public health analytical service based on chemical methods for detecting and quantifying Pacific ciguatoxin in fish samples. Toxicon 56:804-812. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Lab Study Fish
Boswell, K. M., R. J. D. Wells, J. H. Cowan, and C. A. Wilson. 2010. Biomass, Density, And Size Distributions Of Fishes Associated With A Large-Scale Artificial Reef Complex In The Gulf Of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science 86:879-889. 2010 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs
Klein, C. J., N. C. Ban, B. S. Halpern, M. Beger, E. T. Game, H. S. Grantham, A. Green, T. J. Klein, S. Kininmonth, E. Treml, K. Wilson, and H. P. Possingham. 2010. Prioritizing Land and Sea Conservation Investments to Protect Coral Reefs. PLoS One 5:e12431. 2010 Global Climate; Finfish Harvest; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Ocean Acidity
Brothers, N., A. R. Duckworth, C. Safina, and E. L. Gilman. 2010. Seabird Bycatch in Pelagic Longline Fisheries Is Grossly Underestimated when Using Only Haul Data. PLoS One 5:e12491. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India; Pacific Ocean Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Birds
Gergely, G., F. Weber, I. Lukacs, L. Illes, A. L. Toth, Z. E. Horvath, J. Mihaly, and C. Balazsi. 2010. Nano-hydroxyapatite preparation from biogenic raw materials. Central European Journal Of Chemistry 8:375-381. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Fuentes, M. M. P. B., M. Hamann, and C. J. Limpus. 2010. Past, current and future thermal profiles of green turtle nesting grounds: Implications from climate change. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 383:56-64. 2010 Global; Australia; Cuba Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Sea Turtles
Singh, S. P., A. Azua, A. Chaudhary, S. Khan, K. L. Willett, and P. R. Gardinali. 2010. Occurrence and distribution of steroids, hormones and selected pharmaceuticals in South Florida coastal environments. Ecotoxicology 19:338-350. 2010 Florida Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands
United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). 2010. Tourism highlights, 2010 edition. 2010 Tourism & Recreation
Rochette, S., E. Rivot, J. Morin, S. Mackinson, P. Riou, and O. Le Pape. 2010. Effect of nursery habitat degradation on flatfish population: Application to Solea solea in the Eastern Channel (Western Europe). Journal of Sea Research 64:34-44. 2010 Europe Model; GIS & Maps Fish; Fishing Sector; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Svensson, P., L. D. Rodwell, and M. J. Attrill. 2010. The perceptions of local fishermen towards a hotel managed marine reserve in Vietnam. Ocean and Coastal Management 53:114-122. 2010 Vietnam Finfish Harvest; Hotel & Food Services; Marine Protected Areas
Lamb, R. W. and D. W. Johnson. 2010. Trophic restructuring of coral reef fish communities in a large marine reserve. Marine Ecology Progress Series 408:169-180. 2010 Bahamas Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Rees, S. E., M. J. Attrill, M. C. Austen, S. C. Mangi, J. P. Richards, and L. D. Rodwell. 2010. Is there a win-win scenario for marine nature conservation? A case study of Lyme Bay, England. Ocean and Coastal Management 53:135-145. 2010 England Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Monetary Valuation; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Wilson, S. K., M. Adjeroud, D. R. Bellwood, M. L. Berumen, D. Booth, Y. M. Bozec, P. Chabanet, A. Cheal, J. Cinner, M. Depczynski, D. A. Feary, M. Gagliano, N. A. J. Graham, A. R. Halford, B. S. Halpern, A. R. Harborne, A. S. Hoey, S. J. Holbrook, G. P. Jones, M. Kulbiki, and Letourneu. 2010. Crucial knowledge gaps in current understanding of climate change impacts on coral reef fishes. Journal of Experimental Biology 213:894-900. 2010 Global Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Ocean Acidity
Inui, R., T. Nishida, N. Onikura, K. Eguchi, M. Kawagishi, M. Nakatani, and S. Oikawa. 2010. Physical factors influencing immature-fish communities in the surf zones of sandy beaches in northwestern Kyushu Island, Japan. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 86:467-476. 2010 Japan Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish; Salinity; Sediment
Smith, J. E., C. L. Hunter, and C. M. Smith. 2010. The effects of top-down versus bottom-up control on benthic coral reef community structure. Oecologia 163:497-507. 2010 Global Algae; Climate; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Knee, K. L., J. H. Street, E. E. Grossman, A. B. Boehm, and A. Paytan. 2010. Nutrient inputs to the coastal ocean from submarine groundwater discharge in a groundwater-dominated system: Relation to land use (Kona coast, Hawaii, USA). Limnology and Oceanography 55:1105-1122. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Agriculture; Discharges; Golf Course Operations; Nutrients; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Beare, D., F. Holker, G. H. Engelhard, E. McKenzie, and D. G. Reid. 2010. An unintended experiment in fisheries science: a marine area protected by war results in Mexican waves in fish numbers-at-age. Naturwissenschaften 97:797-808. 2010 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Anticamara, J. A., D. Zeller, and A. C. J. Vincent. 2010. Spatial and temporal variation of abundance, biomass and diversity within marine reserves in the Philippines. Diversity and Distributions 16:529-536. 2010 Philippines Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Hardiman, N. and S. Burgin. 2010. Recreational impacts on the fauna of Australian coastal marine ecosystems. Journal of Environmental Management 91:2096-2108. 2010 Australia; Cuba Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Boating Activities; Finfish Harvest; Infrastructure; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges
Vignon, M., P. Sasal, R. L. Johnson, and R. Galzin. 2010. Impact of shark-feeding tourism on surrounding fish populations off Moorea Island (French Polynesia). Marine and Freshwater Research 61:163-169. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Index or Indicator Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Blanco, A. C., K. Nadaoka, T. Yamamoto, and K. Kinjo. 2010. Dynamic evolution of nutrient discharge under stormflow and baseflow conditions in a coastal agricultural watershed in Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan. Hydrological Processes 24:2601-2616. 2010 Japan Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Agriculture; Algae; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrients; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Kazanidis, G., C. Antoniadou, A. P. Lolas, N. Neofitou, D. Vafidis, C. Chintiroglou, and C. Neofitou. 2010. Population dynamics and reproduction of Holothuria tubulosa (Holothuroidea: Echinodermata) in the Aegean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90:895-901. 2010 Index or Indicator Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Invertebrates; Seagrasses
Scott, C., S. E. Lewis, R. Milla, M. C. Taylor, A. J. W. Rodgers, G. Dumsday, J. E. Brodie, J. G. Oakeshott, and R. J. Russell. 2010. A free-enzyme catalyst for the bioremediation of environmental atrazine contamination. Journal of Environmental Management 91:2075-2078. 2010 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Remediation
Felis, T., A. Suzuki, H. Kuhnert, N. Rimbu, and H. Kawahata. 2010. Pacific Decadal Oscillation documented in a coral record of North Pacific winter temperature since 1873. Geophysical Research Letters 37:L14605. 2010 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Climate; Fishing Sector
Kastner, M., I. Schulke, J. Winsemann, and J. Bottcher. 2010. High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of a Late Jurassic mixed carbonate-siliciclastic ramp, Lower Saxony Basin, Northwestern Germany. Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur Geowissenschaften 161:263-283. 2010 Germany GIS & Maps Forestry; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Winfree, R. 2010. The conservation and restoration of wild bees. Pages 169-197 Year In Ecology And Conservation Biology 2010. 2010 Global Agriculture; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration
Metcalf, S. J. 2010. Qualitative Models to Complement Quantitative Ecosystem Models for the Analysis of Data-Limited Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries. Reviews in Fisheries Science 18:248-265. 2010 Australia Model Algae; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Nakamura, Y. 2010. Patterns in fish response to seagrass bed loss at the southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Marine Biology 157:2397-2406. 2010 Global; Japan Fish; Fishing Sector; Seagrasses; Storms & Hurricanes
Samhouri, J. F., P. S. Levin, and C. H. Ainsworth. 2010. Identifying Thresholds for Ecosystem-Based Management. PLoS One 5:e8907. 2010 Columbia Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest
Harper, S. J. M., C. R. Bates, H. M. Guzman, and J. M. Mair. 2010. Acoustic mapping of fish aggregation areas to improve fisheries management in Las Perlas Archipelago, Pacific Panama. Ocean and Coastal Management 53:615-623. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Panama GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management
Speed, C. W., I. C. Field, M. G. Meekan, and C. J. A. Bradshaw. 2010. Complexities of coastal shark movements and their implications for management. Marine Ecology Progress Series 408:275-U305. 2010 Global Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Salinity
Broad, A., N. Knott, X. Turon, and A. R. Davis. 2010. Effects of a shark repulsion device on rocky reef fishes: no shocking outcomes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 408:295-298. 2010 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
de Juan, S. and J. Lleonart. 2010. A conceptual framework for the protection of vulnerable habitats impacted by fishing activities in the Mediterranean high seas. Ocean and Coastal Management 53:717-723. 2010 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Visram, S., M. C. Yang, R. M. Pillay, S. Said, O. Henriksson, M. Grahn, and C. A. Chen. 2010. Genetic connectivity and historical demography of the blue barred parrotfish (Scarus ghobban) in the western Indian Ocean. Marine Biology 157:1475-1487. 2010 Indian Ocean; Kenya; Tanzania; Seychelles; Mauritius; India Climate; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Water Depth & Sea Level
Nayar, S., S. P. Sagar, and A. Guha. 2010. Non-destructive evaluation of mechanical properties of poly (vinyl) alcohol-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 21:1099-1102. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Heyman, W. D., L. M. Carr, and P. S. Lobel. 2010. Diver ecotourism and disturbance to reef fish spawning aggregations: It is better to be disturbed than to be dead. Marine Ecology Progress Series 419:201-210. 2010 South & Central America; Belize Apex Fish Predators; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Oren, M., K. O. Amar, J. Douek, T. Rosenzweig, G. Paz, and B. Rinkevich. 2010. Assembled catalog of immune-related genes from allogeneic challenged corals that unveils the participation of vWF-like transcript. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 34:630-637. 2010 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Stony Coral
Goffredo, S., F. Pensa, P. Neri, A. Orlandi, M. S. Gagliardi, A. Velardi, C. Piccinetti, and F. Zaccanti. 2010. Unite research with what citizens do for fun: "recreational monitoring'' of marine biodiversity. Ecological Applications 20:2170-2187. 2010 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Social Organizations; Tourism & Recreation; Travel Services & Tour Operators
Luter, H. M., S. Whalan, and N. S. Webster. 2010. Exploring the Role of Microorganisms in the Disease-Like Syndrome Affecting the Sponge Ianthella basta. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76:5736-5744. 2010 Australia Microorganisms; Pathogens; Sponges
Heupel, M. R., A. J. Williams, D. J. Welch, C. R. Davies, S. Adams, G. Carlos, and B. D. Mapstone. 2010. Demography of a large exploited grouper, Plectropomus laevis: Implications for fisheries management. Marine and Freshwater Research 61:184-195. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Model Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Murphy, H. M. and G. P. Jenkins. 2010. Observational methods used in marine spatial monitoring of fishes and associated habitats: a review. Marine and Freshwater Research 61:236-252. 2010 Review; Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Calado, H. and A. Gil, editors. 2010. Geographic technologies applied to marine spatial planning and integrated coastal zone management. CIGPT, Ponta Delgada, Portugal. 2010 Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) GIS & Maps Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Storms & Hurricanes
Sarkis, S., P. J. H. VanBeukering, and E. McKenzie, editors. 2010. TOTAL ECONOMIC VALUE OF BERMUDA�S CORAL REEFS: Valuation of Ecosystem Services. Department of Conservation Services, Bermuda. 2010 Bermuda Banks, Credit, & Securities; Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Economic Markets & Policies; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Shaish, L., G. Levy, G. Katzir, and B. Rinkevich. 2010. Employing a highly fragmented, weedy coral species in reef restoration. Ecological Engineering 36:1424-1432. 2010 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Moussa, R. M. 2010. Estimation of the size of lagoon fish sold at the roadside as tui on Moorea Island (French Polynesia) by analysis of digital images. Cybium 34:73-82. 2010 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Haisfield, K. M., H. E. Fox, S. Yen, S. Mangubhai, and P. J. Mous. 2010. An ounce of prevention: cost-effectiveness of coral reef rehabilitation relative to enforcement. Conservation Letters 3:243-250. 2010 Southeast Asia; Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Graham, N. A. J., M. D. Spalding, and C. R. C. Sheppard. 2010. Reef shark declines in remote atolls highlight the need for multi-faceted conservation action. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20:543-548. 2010 Indian Ocean; Chagos Archipelago; India Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Wakefield, C. B. 2010. Annual, lunar and diel reproductive periodicity of a spawning aggregation of snapper Pagrus auratus (Sparidae) in a marine embayment on the lower west coast of Australia. Journal of Fish Biology 77:1359-1378. 2010 Australia Finfish Harvest; Piscivorous Fish; Plankton
Launio, C. C., Y. Morooka, H. Aizaki, and Y. Iiguni. 2010. Perceptions of small-scale fishermen on the value of marine resources and protected areas: case of Claveria, Northern Philippines. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 17:401-409. 2010 Philippines Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Non-Monetary Valuation; Resource Use Management
Capezzuto, F., R. Carlucci, P. Maiorano, L. Sion, D. Battista, A. Giove, A. Indennidate, A. Tursi, and G. D'Onghia. 2010. The bathyal benthopelagic fauna in the north-western Ionian Sea: structure, patterns and interactions. Chemistry and Ecology 26:199-217. 2010 Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid
Vietti, R. C., G. Albertelli, S. Aliani, S. Bava, G. Bavestrello, L. B. Cecchi, C. N. Bianchi, E. Bozzo, M. Capello, M. Castellano, C. Cerrano, M. Chiantore, N. Corradi, S. Cocito, L. Cutroneo, G. Diviacco, M. Fabiano, M. Faimali, M. Ferrari, G. P. Gasparini, and Locr. 2010. The Ligurian Sea: present status, problems and perspectives. Chemistry and Ecology 26:319-340. 2010 Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Plankton; Sediment; Whales & Dolphins
Chou, L. M., D. W. Huang, K. P. P. Tun, J. T. B. Kwik, Y. C. Tay, and A. L. Seow. 2010. Temporal Changes in Reef Community Structure at Bintan Island (Indonesia) Suggest Need for Integrated Management. Pacific Science 64:99-111. 2010 Southeast Asia; Indonesia Fish; Hotel & Food Services; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Mendonca, V. M., M. M. Al Jabri, I. Al Ajmi, M. Al Muharrami, M. Al Areimi, and H. A. Al Aghbari. 2010. Persistent and Expanding Population Outbreaks of the Corallivorous Starfish Acanthaster planci in the Northwestern Indian Ocean: Are They Really a Consequence of Unsustainable Starfish Predator Removal through Overfishing in Coral Reefs, or a Response to. Zoological Studies 49:108-123. 2010 Indian Ocean; India; Oman Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Plankton; Seastars
Luna, G. M., L. Bongiorni, C. Gili, F. Biavasco, and R. Danovaro. 2010. Vibrio harveyi as a causative agent of the White Syndrome in tropical stony corals. Environmental Microbiology Reports 2:120-127. 2010 Indian Ocean; India; Indonesia Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Stony Coral
Mogollones, S. C., D. J. Rodriguez, O. Hernandez, and G. R. Barreto. 2010. A Demographic Study of the Arrau Turtle (Podocnemis expansa) in the Middle Orinoco River, Venezuela. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 9:79-89. 2010 South & Central America; Venezuela Model Surface & Groundwater Flow
Selig, E. R. and J. F. Bruno. 2010. A global analysis of the effectiveness of marine protected areas in preventing coral loss. PLoS One 5:e9278. 2010 Global Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Stony Coral
Pangle, K. L., S. A. Ludsin, and B. J. Fryer. 2010. Otolith microchemistry as a stock identification tool for freshwater fishes: testing its limits in Lake Erie. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67:1475-1489. 2010 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing Sector; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Fuentes, M. M. P. B., C. J. Limpus, M. Hamann, and J. Dawson. 2010. Potential impacts of projected sea-level rise on sea turtle rookeries. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20:132-139. 2010 Australia Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Sea Turtles; Storms & Hurricanes
Jones, D. L., J. F. Walter, E. N. Brooks, and J. E. Serafy. 2010. Connectivity through ontogeny: fish population linkages among mangrove and coral reef habitats. Marine Ecology Progress Series 401:245-258. 2010 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish
Wilson, S. K., M. Depczynski, R. Fisher, T. H. Holmes, R. A. O'Leary, and P. Tinkler. 2010. Habitat Associations of Juvenile Fish at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia: The Importance of Coral and Algae. PLoS One 5:e15185. 2010 Australia Algae; Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Gilman, E., J. Gearhart, B. Price, S. Eckert, H. Milliken, J. Wang, Y. Swimmer, D. Shiode, O. Abe, S. H. Peckham, M. Chaloupka, M. Hall, J. Mangel, J. Alfaro-Shigueto, P. Dalzell, and A. Ishizaki. 2010. Mitigating sea turtle by-catch in coastal passive net fisheries. Fish and Fisheries 11:57-88. 2010 Review Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mitigation; Sea Turtles
Pittman, S. J., C. F. G. Jeffrey, R. Clark, K. Woody, B. D. Herlach, C. Caldow, M. E. Monaco, and R. Appledoorn. 2010. Coral reef ecosystems of Reserva Natural de La Parguera (Puerto Rico): spatial and temporal patterns in fish and benthic communities (2001-2007). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2010 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Collaboration & Partnering; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2010. Coral reef local action strategies. Department of the Interior, Washington, DC. 2010 Florida Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Activities; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Scientific Research; Tourism & Recreation
Tims, S. G., S. E. Everett, L. K. Fifield, G. J. Hancock, and R. Bartley. 2010. Plutonium as a tracer of soil and sediment movement in the Herbert River, Australia. Nuclear Instruments & Methods In Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials And Atoms 268:1150-1154. 2010 Australia Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Banks, S. C., S. D. Ling, C. R. Johnson, M. P. Piggott, J. E. Williamson, and L. B. Beheregaray. 2010. Genetic structure of a recent climate change-driven range extension. Molecular Ecology 19:2011-2024. 2010 Global; Australia Model Climate; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species; Sea Temperatures; Sea Urchins
Foley, N. S., V. Kahui, C. W. Armstrong, and T. M. van Rensburg. 2010. Estimating Linkages between Redfish and Cold Water Coral on the Norwegian Coast. Marine Resource Economics 25:105-120. 2010 Norway Model Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
dos Santos, L. N., D. S. Brotto, and I. R. Zalmon. 2010. Fish responses to increasing distance from artificial reefs on the Southeastern Brazilian Coast. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 386:54-60. 2010 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Small Herbivorous Fish
Assogbadjo, A. E., R. Glelekakai, T. Kyndt, and B. Sinsin. 2010. Conservation Genetics of Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) in the Parklands Agroforestry Systems of Benin (West Africa). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca 38:136-140. 2010 Global; Sudan Forestry; Landscape Conservation & Restoration
Lopez-Legentil, S., P. M. Erwin, J. R. Pawlik, and B. Song. 2010. Effects of Sponge Bleaching on Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea: Distribution and Relative Expression of Ammonia Monooxygenase Genes Associated with the Barrel Sponge Xestospongia muta. Microbial Ecology 60:561-571. 2010 South & Central America; Caribbean Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sediment; Sponges; Tube, Barrel, & Finger Sponges
Norse, E. A. 2010. Ecosystem-Based Spatial Planning And Management Of Marine Fisheries: Why And How? Bulletin of Marine Science 86:179-195. 2010 Australia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Fujita, R. M., K. T. Honey, A. Morris, J. R. Wilson, and H. Russell. 2010. Cooperative Strategies In Fisheries Management: Integrating Across Scales. Bulletin of Marine Science 86:251-271. 2010 Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Funding & Incentives
Sanchirico, J. N., J. Eagle, S. Palumbi, and B. H. Thompson. 2010. Comprehensive Planning, Dominant-Use Zones, And User Rights: A New Era In Ocean Governance. Bulletin of Marine Science 86:273-285. 2010 Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management
Kenchington, R. 2010. Strategic Roles Of Marine Protected Areas In Ecosystem Scale Conservation. Bulletin of Marine Science 86:303-313. 2010 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing
Iacona, G. D., L. K. Kirkman, and E. M. Bruna. 2010. Effects of resource availability on seedling recruitment in a fire-maintained savanna. Oecologia 163:171-180. 2010 Index or Indicator Water
Fedorowski, J. 2010. Some peculiar rugose coral taxa from Upper Serpukhovian strata of the Czech Republic. Acta Geologica Polonica 60:165-198. 2010 Coal Mining
Cote, I. M. and A. Maljkovie. 2010. Predation rates of Indo-Pacific lionfish on Bahamian coral reefs. Marine Ecology Progress Series 404:219-225. 2010 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Bahamas; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Escape & Release of Non-natives; Fish
Brule, T., T. Colas-Marrufo, E. Perez-Diaz, and J. C. Samano-Zapata. 2010. Red Snapper Reproductive Biology in the Southern Gulf of Mexico. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 139:957-968. 2010 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Mexico Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Johnson, M. W., S. P. Powers, C. L. Hightower, and M. Kenworthy. 2010. Age, Growth, Mortality, and Diet Composition of Vermilion Snapper from the North-Central Gulf of Mexico. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 139:1136-1149. 2010 South & Central America; Mexico Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Tunicates
Wei, M. Y., C. Y. Wang, Q. A. Liu, C. L. Shao, Z. G. She, and Y. C. Lin. 2010. Five Sesquiterpenoids from a Marine-Derived Fungus Aspergillus sp Isolated from a Gorgonian Dichotella gemmacea. Marine Drugs 8:941-949. 2010 China Hotel & Food Services; Octocoral
Landry, M. S. and C. T. Taggart. 2010. Turtle watching conservation guidelines: green turtle (Chelonia mydas) tourism in nearshore coastal environments. Biodiversity and Conservation 19:305-312. 2010 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sea Turtles; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Travel Services & Tour Operators; Whales & Dolphins
Sheppard, C., M. Al-Husiani, F. Al-Jamali, F. Al-Yamani, R. Baldwin, J. Bishop, F. Benzoni, E. Dutrieux, N. K. Dulvy, S. R. V. Durvasula, D. A. Jones, R. Loughland, D. Medio, M. Nithyanandan, G. M. Pilling, I. Polikarpov, A. R. G. Price, S. Purkis, B. Riegl, and M. Saburova. 2010. The Gulf: A young sea in decline. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:13-38. 2010 Review Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fishing Sector; Infrastructure; Mangroves; Salinity; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Shaw, M., M. J. Furnas, K. Fabricius, D. Haynes, S. Carter, G. Eaglesham, and J. F. Mueller. 2010. Monitoring pesticides in the Great Barrier Reef. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:113-122. 2010 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Sato, Y., B. L. Willis, and D. G. Bourne. 2010. Successional changes in bacterial communities during the development of black band disease on the reef coral, Montipora hispida. ISME Journal 4:203-214. 2010 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Cyanobacteria; Pathogens
Kamke, J., M. W. Taylor, and S. Schmitt. 2010. Activity profiles for marine sponge-associated bacteria obtained by 16S rRNA vs 16S rRNA gene comparisons. ISME Journal 4:498-508. 2010 Microorganisms; Sponges
White, J. W. 2010. Adapting the steepness parameter from stock-recruit curves for use in spatially explicit models. Fisheries Research 102:330-334. 2010 Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Crec'hriou, R., F. Alemany, E. Roussel, A. Chassanite, J. Y. Marinaro, J. Mader, E. Rochel, and S. Planes. 2010. Fisheries replenishment of early life taxa: potential export of fish eggs and larvae from a temperate marine protected area. Fisheries Oceanography 19:135-150. 2010 Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Plankton; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Salomon, A. K., S. K. Gaichas, N. T. Shears, J. E. Smith, E. M. P. Madin, and S. D. Gaines. 2010. Key Features and Context-Dependence of Fishery-Induced Trophic Cascades. Conservation Biology 24:382-394. 2010 Model Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Aswani, S. and A. Sabetian. 2010. Implications of Urbanization for Artisanal Parrotfish Fisheries in the Western Solomon Islands. Conservation Biology 24:520-530. 2010 Solomon Islands Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Weeks, R., G. R. Russ, A. C. Alcala, and A. T. White. 2010. Effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas in the Philippines for Biodiversity Conservation. Conservation Biology 24:531-540. 2010 Global; Philippines Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
de Castro, A. P., S. D. Araujo, A. M. M. Reis, R. L. Moura, R. B. Francini, G. Pappas, T. B. Rodrigues, F. L. Thompson, and R. H. Kruger. 2010. Bacterial Community Associated with Healthy and Diseased Reef Coral Mussismilia hispida from Eastern Brazil. Microbial Ecology 59:658-667. 2010 Pathogens
Weeks, R., G. R. Russ, A. A. Bucol, and A. C. Alcala. 2010. Shortcuts for marine conservation planning: The effectiveness of socioeconomic data surrogates. Biological Conservation 143:1236-1244. 2010 Philippines Model Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Johnson, J. E. and D. J. Welch. 2010. Marine Fisheries Management in a Changing Climate: A Review of Vulnerability and Future Options. Reviews in Fisheries Science 18:106-124. 2010 Global Review Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species; Ocean Acidity; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Perez, E., A. Ruiz, G. Espinosa, and I. Lee. 2010. Gonadic histology and phenotypical maturation criteria in the marine turtles Chelonia mydas and Eretmochelys imbricata (Testudines: Chelonidae) from Cuba. Revista de Biologia Tropical 58:287-298. 2010 Cuba Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Sea Turtles
McClanahan, T. R., B. Kaunda-Arara, and J. O. Omukoto. 2010. Composition and diversity of fish and fish catches in closures and open-access fisheries of Kenya. Fisheries Management and Ecology 17:63-76. 2010 Indian Ocean; Kenya; India Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish
Sumpton, W. D., I. W. Brown, D. G. Mayer, M. F. McLennan, A. Mapleston, A. R. Butcher, D. J. Welch, J. M. Kirkwood, B. Sawynok, and G. A. Begg. 2010. Assessing the effects of line capture and barotrauma relief procedures on post-release survival of key tropical reef fish species in Australia using recreational tagging clubs. Fisheries Management and Ecology 17:77-88. 2010 Australia Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Deeds, J. R. and M. D. Schwartz. 2010. Human risk associated with palytoxin exposure. Toxicon 56:150-162. 2010 Model Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Jones, K. B., E. T. Slonecker, M. S. Nash, A. C. Neale, T. G. Wade, and S. Hamann. 2010. Riparian habitat changes across the continental United States (1972-2003) and potential implications for sustaining ecosystem services. Landscape Ecology 1-15. 2010 Model; Remote Sensing Agriculture; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Wetlands
Kirkby, C. A., R. Giudice-Granados, B. Day, K. Turner, L. M. Velarde- Andrade, A. Duenas-Duenas, J. C. Lara-Rivas, and D. W. Yu. 2010. The Market Triumph of Ecotourism: An Economic Investigation of the Private and Social Benefits of Competing Land Uses in the Peruvian Amazon. PLoS One 5:1-14. 2010 Agriculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Forestry; Funding & Incentives; Tourism & Recreation
Vignon, M. and F. Morat. 2010. Environmental and genetic determinant of otolith shape revealed by a non-indigenous tropical fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series 411:231-241. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Taylor, B. M. and J. L. McIlwain. 2010. Beyond abundance and biomass: effects of marine protected areas on the demography of a highly exploited reef fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series 411:243-258. 2010 Guam Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Foden, J., S. I. Rogers, and A. P. Jones. 2010. Recovery of UK seabed habitats from benthic fishing and aggregate extraction-towards a cumulative impact assessment. Marine Ecology Progress Series 411:259-270. 2010 Europe; England Review; Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Patrick, W. S., P. Spencer, J. Link, J. Cope, J. Field, D. Kobayashi, P. Lawson, T. Gedamke, E. Cortes, O. Ormseth, K. Bigelow, and W. Overholtz. 2010. Using productivity and susceptibility indices to assess the vulnerability of United States fish stocks to overfishing. Fishery Bulletin 108:305-322. 2010 Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Cheal, A. J., M. A. MacNeil, E. Cripps, M. J. Emslie, M. Jonker, B. Schaffelke, and H. Sweatman. 2010. Coral-macroalgal phase shifts or reef resilience: links with diversity and functional roles of herbivorous fishes on the Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 29:1005-1015. 2010 Global; Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Algae; Climate; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Nutrients; Small Herbivorous Fish; Storms & Hurricanes
Purcell, S. W. 2010. Diel burying by the tropical sea cucumber Holothuria scabra: effects of environmental stimuli, handling and ontogeny. Marine Biology 157:663-671. 2010 New Caledonia Commercial Fisheries; Echinoderms; Seagrasses; Sediment
Campora, C. E., Y. Hokama, C. S. Tamaru, B. Anderson, and D. Vincent. 2010. Evaluating the Risk of Ciguatera Fish Poisoning from Reef Fish Grown at Marine Aquaculture Facilities in Hawai'i. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 41:61-70. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Aquaculture; Fish
Shen, J. W. and H. R. Qing. 2010. Mississippian (Early Carboniferous) stromatolite mounds in a fore-reef slope setting, Laibin, Guangxi, South China. International Journal of Earth Sciences 99:443-458. 2010 China Algae; Housing; Sediment; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes
Coleman, F. C. and C. C. Koenig. 2010. The Effects of Fishing, Climate Change, and Other Anthropogenic Disturbances on Red Grouper and Other Reef Fishes in the Gulf of Mexico. Integrative And Comparative Biology 50:201-212. 2010 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Piscivorous Fish
Richlen, M. L., S. L. Morton, E. A. Jamali, A. Rajan, and D. M. Anderson. 2010. The catastrophic 2008-2009 red tide in the Arabian gulf region, with observations on the identification and phylogeny of the fish-killing dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides. Harmful Algae 9:163-172. 2010 Global; South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Malaysia; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Mexico Aquaculture; Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Fish; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation; Water
Polato, N. R., C. R. Voolstra, J. Schnetzer, M. K. DeSalvo, C. J. Randall, A. M. Szmant, M. Medina, and I. B. Baums. 2010. Location-Specific Responses to Thermal Stress in Larvae of the Reef-Building Coral Montastraea faveolata. PLoS One 5:e11221. 2010 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Climate; Housing; Stony Coral
Unsworth, R. K. F., L. C. Cullen, J. N. Pretty, D. J. Smith, and J. J. Bell. 2010. Economic and subsistence values of the standing stocks of seagrass fisheries: Potential benefits of no-fishing marine protected area management. Ocean and Coastal Management 53:218-224. 2010 Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Seagrasses
Luna, B., C. V. Perez, and J. L. Sanchez-Lizaso. 2009. Benthic impacts of recreational divers in a Mediterranean Marine Protected Area. ICES Journal of Marine Science 66:517-523. 2009 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Stone, R., D. White, R. Guest, and B. Francis. 2009. The Virtual Scylla: An exploration of \serious games\", artificial life and simulation complexity". Virtual Reality 13:13-25. 2009 Europe; England Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Artificial Habitat; Climate; Coastal Defense; Collaboration & Partnering; Military; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Kinney, M. J. and C. A. Simpfendorfer. 2009. Reassessing the value of nursery areas to shark conservation and management. Conservation Letters 2:53-60. 2009 GIS & Maps Apex Fish Predators; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Lin, M. Z., M. R. McKeown, H. L. Ng, T. A. Aguilera, N. C. Shaner, R. E. Campbell, S. R. Adams, L. A. Gross, W. Ma, T. Alber, and R. Y. Tsien. 2009. Autofluorescent Proteins with Excitation in the Optical Window for Intravital Imaging in Mammals. Chemistry & Biology 16:1169-1179. 2009 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Biomedical Research Policies; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ferchmin, P. A., O. R. Pagan, H. Ulrich, A. C. Szeto, R. M. Hann, and V. A. Eterovic. 2009. Actions of octocoral and tobacco cembranoids on nicotinic receptors. Toxicon 54:1174-1182. 2009 Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Octocoral; Pathogens
Smith, R. T., J. H. Pinzon, and T. C. LaJeunesse. 2009. Symbiodinium (Dinophyta) Diversity And Stability In Aquarium Corals. Journal of Phycology 45:1030-1036. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Collaboration & Partnering; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Tavares, R. 2009. Analysis Of Abundance, Distribution And Length Of Sharks Caught By Artisanal Fishery In The Los Roques Archipelago National Park, Venezuela. Interciencia 34:463-470. 2009 Venezuela Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Shul'ga, V. F. and V. V. Ogar. 2009. Organic (coral) buildups in the carboniferous at the southwestern margin of the East European Platform. Lithology and Mineral Resources 44:379-388. 2009 Europe Coal Mining
Penesyan, A., Z. Marshall-Jones, C. Holmstrom, S. Kjelleberg, and S. Egan. 2009. Antimicrobial activity observed among cultured marine epiphytic bacteria reflects their potential as a source of new drugs. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 69:113-124. 2009 Algae; Microorganisms
Wang, G. Y., S. H. Yoon, and E. Lefait. 2009. Microbial communities associated with the invasive Hawaiian sponge Mycale armata. ISME Journal 3:374-377. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Cyanobacteria; Sponges
Jordan, S. J., L. M. Smith, and J. A. Nestlerode. 2009. Cumulative Effects of Coastal Habitat Alterations on Fishery Resources: toward Prediction at Regional Scales. Ecology and Society 14:16-35. 2009 South & Central America; Mexico Model Commercial Fisheries; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Maurer, H., S. Friedel, and D. Jaeggi. 2009. Characterization of a coastal aquifer using seismic and geoelectric borehole methods. Near Surface Geophysics 7:353-366. 2009 Spain Model Forestry; Salinity; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Rojas, R. L. S., F. Mejia-Arana, J. A. Palacios, and K. Hiramatsu. 2009. Reproduction and growth of the fish Lutjanus guttatus (Pisces: Lutjanidae) in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica. Revista de Biologia Tropical 57:125-131. 2009 Costa Rica Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Chouvelon, T., M. Warnau, C. Churlaud, and P. Bustamante. 2009. Hg concentrations and related risk assessment in coral reef crustaceans, molluscs and fish from New Caledonia. Environmental Pollution 157:331-340. 2009 New Caledonia Fish; Marine Products; Molluscs
Drisko, G. L., V. Luca, E. Sizgek, N. Scales, and R. A. Caruso. 2009. Template synthesis and adsorption properties of hierarchically porous zirconium titanium oxides. Langmuir 25:5286-5293. 2009
Yamaguchi, T., H. Kayanne, and H. Yamano. 2009. Archaeological Investigation of the Landscape History of an Oceanic Atoll: Majuro, Marshall Islands. Pacific Science 63:537-565. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Marshall Islands Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Thomas, F. R. 2009. Historical Ecology in Kiribati: Linking Past with Present. Pacific Science 63:567-600. 2009 Kiribati Agriculture
Dumas, P., A. Bertaud, C. Peignon, M. Leopold, and D. Pelletier. 2009. A \quick and clean\" photographic method for the description of coral reef habitats". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 368:161-168. 2009 Cuba; New Caledonia Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sediment; Substrate
Ding, S. X., H. S. Zeng, Y. Wang, Y. Pan, and X. F. Shi. 2009. Characterization of eight polymorphic microsatellite loci for the leopard coralgrouper (Plectropomus leopardus Lacepede). Molecular Ecology Resources 9:1485-1487. 2009 Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Kench, P. S., R. W. Brander, K. E. Parnell, and J. M. O'Callaghan. 2009. Seasonal variations in wave characteristics around a coral reef island, South Maalhosmadulu atoll, Maldives. Marine Geology 262:116-129. 2009 Indian Ocean; Maldives; India Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
Brischoux, F., X. Bonnet, and D. Pinaud. 2009. Fine scale site fidelity in sea kraits: implications for conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation 9-Jan. 2009 Beaches & Nature Parks; Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
Brodie, J., S. Lewis, Z. Bainbridge, A. Mitchell, J. Waterhouse, and F. Kroon. 2009. Target setting for pollutant discharge management of rivers in the Great Barrier Reef catchment area. Marine and Freshwater Research 60:1141-1149. 2009 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Roebeling, P. C., M. E. van Grieken, A. J. Webster, J. Biggs, and P. Thorburn. 2009. Cost-effective water quality improvement in linked terrestrial and marine ecosystems: a spatial environmental-economic modelling approach. Marine and Freshwater Research 60:1150-1158. 2009 Australia Model Agriculture; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges
Brock, J. C. and S. J. Purkis. 2009. The Emerging Role of Lidar Remote Sensing in Coastal Research and Resource Management. Journal of Coastal Research 25:1-5. 2009 GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Storms & Hurricanes
McClanahan, T. R., M. Ateweberhan, J. Omukoto, and L. Pearson. 2009. Recent seawater temperature histories, status, and predictions for madagascar's coral reefs. Marine Ecology Progress Series 380:117-128. 2009 Indian Ocean; Madagascar; India Algae; Climate; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Temperatures
Duran, A. and R. Claro. 2009. The feeding activity of herbivorous fishes and their impact on coral reefs with different levels of anthropogenic degradation. Revista de Biologia Tropical 57:687-697. 2009 Cuba Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate
Gonzalez-Sanson, G., C. Aguilar, I. Hernandez, Y. Cabrera, N. Suarez-Montes, F. Bretos, and D. Guggenheim. 2009. Natural and human-induced variability in the composition of fish assemblages in the Northwestern Cuban shelf. Revista de Biologia Tropical 57:721-740. 2009 South & Central America; Cuba; Caribbean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish
To, A. W. L. and Y. S. de Mitcheson. 2009. Shrinking baseline: the growth in juvenile fisheries, with the Hong Kong grouper fishery as a case study. Fish and Fisheries 10:396-407. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Fava, F., M. Ponti, A. Scinto, B. Calcinai, and C. Cerrano. 2009. Possible effects of human impacts on epibenthic communities and coral rubble features in the marine Park of Bunaken (Indonesia). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 85:151-156. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Housing; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Qi, S.-H., G.-C. Su, Y.-F. Wang, Q.-Y. Liu, and C.-H. Gao. 2009. Alkaloids from the South China sea black coral antipathes dichotoma. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 57:87-88. 2009 Japan; China Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Bartlett, C. Y., C. Manua, J. Cinner, S. Sutton, R. Jimmy, R. South, J. Nilsson, and J. Raina. 2009. Comparison of Outcomes of Permanently Closed and Periodically Harvested Coral Reef Reserves. Conservation Biology 23:1475-1484. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Vanuatu Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Coralline Algae; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Substrate
Cinner, J. E., T. R. McClanahan, N. A. J. Graham, M. S. Pratchett, S. K. Wilson, and J.-B. Raina. 2009. Gear-based fisheries management as a potential adaptive response to climate change and coral mortality. Journal of Applied Ecology 46:724-732. 2009 Kenya; Papua New Guinea Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Shaw, M., A. Negri, K. Fabricius, and J. F. Mueller. 2009. Predicting water toxicity: Pairing passive sampling with bioassays on the Great Barrier Reef. Aquatic Toxicology 95:108-116. 2009 Australia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Microorganisms; Primary Production; Sea Urchins; Stony Coral
Aguilar-Perera, A., C. Gonzalez-Salas, A. Tuz-Sulub, and H. Villegas-Hernandez. 2009. Fishery of the Goliath grouper, Epinephelus itajara (Teleostei: Epinephelidae) based on local ecological knowledge and fishery records in Yucatan, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 57:557-566. 2009 South & Central America; Mexico Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Sashidhara, K. V., K. N. White, and P. Crews. 2009. A selective account of effective paradigms and significant outcomes in the discovery of inspirational marine natural products. Journal of Natural Products 72:588-603. 2009 Review Collaboration & Partnering; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Unsworth, R. K. F., S. L. Garrard, P. S. De Leon, L. C. Cullen, D. J. Smith, K. A. Sloman, and J. J. Bell. 2009. Structuring of Indo-Pacific fish assemblages along the mangrove-seagrass continuum. Aquatic Biology 5:85-95. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses
Nanami, A. and H. Yamada. 2009. Seasonality, lunar periodicity of settlement and microhabitat association of juvenile humpback red snapper Lutjanus gibbus (Lutjanidae) in an Okinawan coral reef. Marine Biology 156:407-414. 2009 Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Arotsker, L., N. Siboni, E. Ben-Dov, E. Kramarsky-Winter, Y. Loya, and A. Kushmaro. 2009. Vibrio sp as a potentially important member of the Black Band Disease (BBD) consortium in Favia sp corals. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 70:515-524. 2009 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Microorganisms; Pathogens
Bramanti, L., M. Iannelli, and G. Santangelo. 2009. Mathematical modelling for conservation and management of gorgonians corals: youngs and olds, could they coexist? Ecological Modelling 220:2851-2856. 2009 Global Field Study & Monitoring; Model Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Plankton
Ramirez, A. R., Y. Guerra, A. Otero, B. Garcia, C. Berry, J. Mendiola, A. Hernandez-Zanui, and M. L. Chavez. 2009. Generation of an affinity matrix useful in the purification of natural inhibitors of plasmepsin II, an antimalarial-drug target. Biotechnology and applied biochemistry 52:149-157. 2009 Cuba Octocoral; Sponges; Substrate; Tube, Barrel, & Finger Sponges
Knittweis, L., W. E. Kraemer, J. Timm, and M. Kochzius. 2009. Genetic structure of Heliofungia actiniformis (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) populations in the Indo-Malay Archipelago: implications for live coral trade management efforts. Conservation Genetics 10:241-249. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Aquarium & Pet Trade; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Semeniuk, C. A. D., W. Haider, B. Beardmore, and K. D. Rothley. 2009. A multi-attribute trade-off approach for advancing the management of marine wildlife tourism: a quantitative assessment of heterogeneous visitor preferences. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19:194-208. 2009 Cayman Islands Model Tourism & Recreation
Pande, A. and J. P. A. Gardner. 2009. A baseline biological survey of the proposed Taputeranga Marine Reserve (Wellington, New Zealand): spatial and temporal variability along a natural environmental gradient. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19:237-248. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates
Little, L. R., A. E. Punt, B. D. Mapstone, G. A. Begg, B. Goldman, and A. J. Williams. 2009. An agent-based model for simulating trading of multi-species fisheries quota. Ecological Modelling 220:3404-3412. 2009 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Watanabe, S., A. Metaxas, J. Sameoto, and P. Lawton. 2009. Patterns in abundance and size of two deep-water gorgonian octocorals, in relation to depth and substrate features off Nova Scotia. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 56:2235-2248. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Substrate
Nelson, W. A. 2009. Calcified macroalgae - critical to coastal ecosystems and vulnerable to change: a review. Marine and Freshwater Research 60:787-801. 2009 Global Review Agriculture; Algae; Aquaculture; CO2; Coastal Development; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Sediment
Di Franco, A., S. Bussotti, A. Navone, P. Panzalis, and P. Guidetti. 2009. Evaluating effects of total and partial restrictions to fishing on Mediterranean rocky-reef fish assemblages. Marine Ecology Progress Series 387:275-285. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Venkatachalam, A. J., A. R. G. Price, S. Chandrasekara, and S. S. Sellamuttu. 2009. Risk factors in relation to human deaths and other tsunami (2004) impacts in Sri Lanka: The fishers'-eye view. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19:57-66. 2009 Sri Lanka Model; Index or Indicator Hotel & Food Services; Housing; Mangroves; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Williams, J. S., C. D. White, and F. J. Longstaffe. 2009. Maya marine subsistence: Isotopic evidence from Marco Gonzalez and San Pedro, Belize. Latin American Antiquity 20:37-56. 2009 South & Central America; Belize Finfish Harvest; Nutrients
Wahle, R. A., M. Gibson, and M. Fogarty. 2009. Distinguishing disease impacts from larval supply effects in a lobster fishery collapse. Marine Ecology Progress Series 376:185-192. 2009 England Model Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pathogens
Voolstra, C. R., S. Sunagawa, J. A. Schwarz, M. A. Coffroth, D. Yellowlees, W. Leggat, and M. Medina. 2009. Evolutionary analysis of orthologous cDNA sequences from cultured and symbiotic dinoflagellate symbionts of reef-building corals (Dinophyceae: Symbiodinium). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part D: Genomics and Proteomics 4:67-74. 2009 Primary Production; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Cinner, J. E., T. Daw, and T. R. McClanahan. 2009. Socioeconomic factors that affect artisanal fishers' readiness to exit a declining fishery. Conservation Biology 23:124-130. 2009 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing
Martin-Smith, K. 2009. A Risk-Management Framework For Avoiding Significant Adverse Impacts Of Bottom Fishing Gear On Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems. Ccamlr Science 16:177-193. 2009 Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Marine Birds; Scientific Research; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Chen, S.-P., J.-H. Su, H.-C. Yeh, A. F. Ahmed, C.-F. Dai, Y.-C. Wu, and J.-H. Sheu. 2009. Novel norhumulene and Xeniaphyllane-Derived terpenoids from a formosan soft coral sinularia gibberosa. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 57:162-166. 2009 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Georgiadis, M., G. Papatheodorou, E. Tzanatos, M. Geraga, A. Ramfos, C. Koutsikopoulos, and G. Ferentinos. 2009. Coralligene formations in the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Morphology, distribution, mapping and relation to fisheries in the southern Aegean Sea (Greece) based on high-resolution acoustics. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 368:44-58. 2009 GIS & Maps Algae; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Sediment; Special Use Permitting; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Van Soest, R. W. M. 2009. New sciophilous sponges from the Caribbean (Porifera: Demospongiae). Zootaxa 1-40. 2009 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Clark, M. R. and A. A. Rowden. 2009. Effect of deepwater trawling on the macro-invertebrate assemblages of seamounts on the Chatham Rise, New Zealand. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 56:1540-1554. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Commercial Fisheries; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Stony Coral; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Carod-Artal, F. J. and C. B. Vazquez-Cabrera. 2009. Neurological Aspects Described In The Treasure Of Medicines For All Illnesses By Gregorio Lopez. Revista De Neurologia 49:149-155. 2009 India; Europe; Spain Review Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Social Organizations
Sonnenholzner, J. I., L. B. Ladah, and K. D. Lafferty. 2009. Cascading effects of fishing on Galapagos rocky reef communities: Reanalysis using corrected data. Marine Ecology Progress Series 375:209-218. 2009 Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins
Ferse, S. C. A. and A. Kunzmann. 2009. Effects of concrete-bamboo cages on coral fragments: Evaluation of a low-tech method used in artisanal ocean-based coral farming. Journal of Applied Aquaculture 21:31-49. 2009 Indonesia Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Stony Coral
Dung, L. D. 2009. Nha Trang Bay marine protected area, Vietnam: Initial trends in coral structure and some preliminary linkages between these trends and human activities (2002-2005). Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 12:249-257. 2009 Vietnam Aquaculture; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Lee, O. O., P. Y. Chui, Y. H. Wong, J. R. Pawlik, and P. Y. Qian. 2009. Evidence for Vertical Transmission of Bacterial Symbionts from Adult to Embryo in the Caribbean Sponge Svenzea zeai. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75:6147-6156. 2009 South & Central America; Caribbean Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Sponges
Pazza, R., K. F. Kavalco, P. R. Penteado, S. A. F. Kavalco, and L. F. de Almeida-Toledo. 2009. Gene Mapping of 18S and 5S rDNA Genes in the Karyotype of the Three-Spot Gourami Trichogaster trichopterus (Perciformes, Osphronemidae). Zebrafish 6:219-222. 2009 GIS & Maps Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Follesa, M. C., D. Cuccu, R. Cannas, A. Sabatini, A. M. Deiana, and A. Cau. 2009. Movement patterns of the spiny lobster Palinurus elephas (Fabricius, 1787) from a central western Mediterranean protected area. Scientia Marina 73:499-506. 2009 Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics (SANDEE). 2009. Can mangroves minimize property loss during big storms? An analysis of house damage due to the super cyclone in Orissa. 2009 Global GIS & Maps Housing; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Regulating Services; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes
Makarow, M., R. Ceulemans, and L. Horn. 2009. Science Policy Briefing: Impacts of Ocean Acidification. 37, European Science Foundation, France. 2009 Global; Europe Review; Field Study & Monitoring Climate; CO2; Deforestation & Devegetation; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species; Ocean Acidity
Lewis, C. F., S. L. Slade, K. E. Maxwell, and T. R. Matthews. 2009. Lobster trap impact on coral reefs: effects of wind-driven trap movement. New Zealand Journal of Marine & Freshwater Research 43:271-282. 2009 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Ripamonti, U., J. Crooks, L. Khoali, and L. Roden. 2009. The induction of bone formation by coral-derived calcium carbonate/hydroxyapatite constructs. Biomaterials 30:1428-1439. 2009 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Abu-Hilal, A. and T. Al-Najjar. 2009. Marine litter in coral reef areas along the Jordan Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Journal of Environmental Management 90:1043-1049. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Littering; Marine Debris; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Maliao, R. J., A. T. White, A. P. Maypa, and R. G. Turingan. 2009. Trajectories and magnitude of change in coral reef fish populations in Philippine marine reserves: a meta-analysis. Coral Reefs 28:809-822. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Gilbert, J. A., S. Thomas, N. A. Cooley, A. Kulakova, D. Field, T. Booth, J. W. McGrath, J. P. Quinn, and I. Joint. 2009. Potential for phosphonoacetate utilization by marine bacteria in temperate coastal waters. Environmental Microbiology 11:111-125. 2009 Lab Study Microorganisms; Pathogens; Plankton
Sheikh, M. A., T. Higuchi, H. Fujimura, T. S. Imo, T. Miyagi, and T. Oomori. 2009. Contamination and impacts of new antifouling biocide Irgarol-1051 on subtropical coral reef waters. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 6:353-358. 2009 Japan Fishing Sector; Primary Production
Van Herwerden, L., J. Howard Choat, S. J. Newman, M. Leray, and G. Hillersoy. 2009. Complex patterns of population structure and recruitment of Plectropomus leopardus (Pisces: Epinephelidae) in the Indo-West Pacific: implications for fisheries management. Marine Biology 13-Jan. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia; Taiwan Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Di Franco, A., M. Milazzo, P. Baiata, A. Tomasello, and R. Chemello. 2009. Scuba diver behaviour and its effects on the biota of a Mediterranean marine protected area. Environmental Conservation 36:32-40. 2009 Cuba Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Substrate
Saenz-Agudelo, P., G. P. Jones, S. R. Thorrold, and S. Planes. 2009. Estimating connectivity in marine populations: an empirical evaluation of assignment tests and parentage analysis under different gene flow scenarios. Molecular Ecology 18:1765-1776. 2009 Papua New Guinea; Britain Model Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Devney, C. A. and B. C. Congdon. 2009. Testing the efficacy of a boundary fence at an important tropical seabird breeding colony and key tourist destination. Wildlife Research 36:353-360. 2009 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Marine Birds; Tourism & Recreation
Meng, P.-J., J. Lin, and L.-L. Liu. 2009. Aquatic organotin pollution in Taiwan. Journal of Environmental Management 90. 2009 Taiwan Review; Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Sediment; Small Boats; Snails & Conch
Weisler, M. I., Q. Hua, and J. X. Zhao. 2009. Late Holocene C-14 Marine Reservoir Corrections For Hawai'I Derived From U-Series Dated Archaeological Coral. Radiocarbon 51:955-968. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Social Organizations; Stony Coral
Andersson, M. H., M. Berggren, D. Wilhelmsson, and M. C. Ohman. 2009. Epibenthic colonization of concrete and steel pilings in a cold-temperate embayment: a field experiment. Helgoland Marine Research 12-Jan. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Docks & Marinas; Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs; Tunicates
Stelzenmuller, V., F. Maynou, and P. Martin. 2009. Patterns of species and functional diversity around a coastal marine reserve: a fisheries perspective. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19:554-565. 2009 Spain GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Seagrasses; Special Use Permitting
Gleiss, A. C., B. Norman, N. Liebsch, C. Francis, and R. P. Wilson. 2009. A new prospect for tagging large free-swimming sharks with motion-sensitive data-loggers. Fisheries Research 97:16-Nov. 2009 Australia Apex Fish Predators; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Pistortus, P. A. and F. E. Taylor. 2009. Declining catch rates of reef fish in Aldabra's marine protected area. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19:S2-S9. 2009 Indian Ocean; Seychelles; India Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish
Freeman, D. J., A. B. MacDiarmid, and R. B. Taylor. 2009. Habitat patches that cross marine reserve boundaries: consequences for the lobster Jasus edwardsii. Marine Ecology Progress Series 388:159-167. 2009 Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment
Malecha, P. W. and R. P. Stone. 2009. Response of the sea whip Halipteris willemoesi to simulated trawl disturbance and its vulnerability to subsequent predation. Marine Ecology Progress Series 388:197-206. 2009 Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Thacker, C. E. and D. M. Roje. 2009. Phylogeny of cardinalfishes (Teleostei: Gobiiformes: Apogonidae) and the evolution of visceral bioluminescence. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 52:735-745. 2009 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Housing; Microorganisms
Fernandez-Jover, D., P. Sanchez-Jerez, J. T. Bayle-Sempere, P. Arechavala-Lopez, L. Martinez-Rubio, J. A. L. Jimenez, and F. J. M. Lopez. 2009. Coastal fish farms are settlement sites for juvenile fish. Marine Environmental Research 68:89-96. 2009 Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Complex Habitat & Resources; Plankton
Nanami, A. and H. Yamada. 2009. Site fidelity, size, and spatial arrangement of daytime home range of thumbprint emperor Lethrinus harak (Lethrinidae). Fisheries Science 75:1109-1116. 2009 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Fishing Sector
Silva, I. R., J. C. Rossi, H. M. Nascimento, and T. G. Siqueira. 2009. Geoenvironmental Characterization and Urbanization of the Beaches on the Islands of Tinhare and Boipeba, South Coast of the State of Bahia, Brazil. Journal of Coastal Research 1297-1300. 2009 Beaches & Nature Parks; Finfish Harvest; Housing; Mangroves; Tourism & Recreation
Stallings, C. D. 2009. Predator identity and recruitment of coral-reef fishes: Indirect effects of fishing. Marine Ecology Progress Series 383:251-259. 2009 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Piscivorous Fish
Littman, R. A., B. L. Willis, C. Pfeffer, and D. G. Bourne. 2009. Diversities of coral-associated bacteria differ with location, but not species, for three acroporid corals on the Great Barrier Reef. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 68:152-163. 2009 Australia Microorganisms; Ports & Harbors; Stony Coral
Steward, C. A., K. D. DeMaria, and J. M. Shenker. 2009. Using otolith morphometrics to quickly and inexpensively predict age in the gray angelfish (Pomacanthus arcuatus). Fisheries Research 99:123-129. 2009 Florida Model Fish; Fishing Sector
Clemente, S., J. C. Hernandez, and A. Brito. 2009. Evidence of the top-down role of predators in structuring sublittoral rocky-reef communities in a marine protected area and nearby areas of the Canary Islands. ICES Journal of Marine Science 66:64-71. 2009 Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins
Stewart, J. and J. M. Hughes. 2009. Biological and fishery characteristics of rubberlip morwong Nemadactylus douglasii (Hector, 1875) in eastern Australia. Fisheries Research 96:267-274. 2009 Australia Index or Indicator Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Hii, Y. S., C. L. Soo, and H. C. Liew. 2009. Feeding of scleractinian coral, Galaxea fascicularis, on Artemia salina nauplii in captivity. Aquaculture International 17:363-376. 2009 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Nutrients; Plankton; Stony Coral
Love, M. S., M. Yoklavich, and D. M. Schroeder. 2009. Demersal fish assemblages in the Southern California Bight based on visual surveys in deep water. Environmental Biology of Fishes 84:55-68. 2009 Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Fry, G. C. and D. A. Milton. 2009. Age, growth and mortality estimates for populations of red snappers Lutjanus erythropterus and L. malabaricus from northern Australia and eastern Indonesia. Fisheries Science 75:1219-1229. 2009 Australia; Indonesia Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Moffitt, E. A., L. W. Botsford, D. M. Kaplan, and M. R. O'Farrell. 2009. Marine reserve networks for species that move within a home range. Ecological Applications 19:1835-1847. 2009 Model Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
De Moura, R. L., C. V. Minte-Vera, I. B. Curado, R. B. Francini, H. D. L. Rodrigues, G. F. Dutra, D. C. Alves, and F. J. B. Souto. 2009. Challenges and Prospects of Fisheries Co-Management under a Marine Extractive Reserve Framework in Northeastern Brazil. Coastal Management 37:617-632. 2009 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector
Freshwater, D. W., A. Hines, S. Parham, A. Wilbur, M. Sabaoun, J. Woodhead, L. Akins, B. Purdy, P. E. Whitfield, and C. B. Paris. 2009. Mitochondrial control region sequence analyses indicate dispersal from the US East Coast as the source of the invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois volitans in the Bahamas. Marine Biology 156:1213-1221. 2009 Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bahamas; Indonesia; Philippines Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Invasive Species
McLeod, E., B. Szuster, and R. Salm. 2009. Sasi and Marine Conservation in Raja Ampat, Indonesia. Coastal Management 37:656-676. 2009 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Cultural Policies; Housing; Resource Use Management; Social Organizations; Special Use Permitting
Ivankovic, H., G. G. Ferrer, E. Tkalcec, S. Orlic, and M. Ivankovic. 2009. Preparation of highly porous hydroxyapatite from cuttlefish bone. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 20:1039-1046. 2009 Fish; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Meirelles, M. E., M. Y. Tsuzuki, F. F. Ribeiro, R. C. Medeiros, and I. D. Silva. 2009. Reproduction, early development and larviculture of the barber goby, Elacatinus figaro (Sazima, Moura & Rosa 1997). Aquaculture Research 41:11-18. 2009 Cuba Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
Nuryanto, A. and M. Kochzius. 2009. Highly restricted gene flow and deep evolutionary lineages in the giant clam Tridacna maxima. Coral Reefs 13-Jan. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India; Southeast Asia; Java; Indonesia Index or Indicator Aquarium & Pet Trade; Marine Protected Areas
Van Herwerden, L., J. H. Choat, S. J. Newman, M. Leray, and G. Hillersoy. 2009. Complex patterns of population structure and recruitment of Plectropomus leopardus (Pisces: Epinephelidae) in the Indo-West Pacific: implications for fisheries management. Marine Biology 156:1595-1607. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia; Taiwan Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Burrage, D. M., J. W. Book, and P. J. Martin. 2009. Eddies and filaments of the Western Adriatic Current near Cape Gargano: Analysis and prediction. Journal of Marine Systems 78:S205-S226. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Remote Sensing Coastal Defense; Military; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Gomelyuk, V. E. 2009. Fish assemblages composition and structure in three shallow habitats in north Australian tropical bay, Garig Gunak Barlu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89:449-460. 2009 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish
Riley, J. W. and J. E. Marsden. 2009. Predation on emergent lake trout fry in Lake Champlain. Journal of Great Lakes Research 35:175-181. 2009 Fish; Fishing Sector
Mamauag, S. S., P. M. Alino, R. O. M. Gonzales, and M. R. Deocadez. 2009. Patterns of Demersal Fish Distribution Derived from Line Fishing Experiment in Calauag Bay, Philippines. Philippine Agricultural Scientist 92:370-387. 2009 Philippines Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish
Reis, A. M. M., S. D. Araujo Jr, R. L. Moura, R. B. Francini-Filho, G. Pappas Jr, A. M. A. Coelho, R. H. Kruger, and F. L. Thompson. 2009. Bacterial diversity associated with the Brazilian endemic reef coral Mussismilia braziliensis. Journal of Applied Microbiology 106:1378-1387. 2009 Cyanobacteria; Pathogens
Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy. 2009. Report to Congress on the Potential Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Technologies. Department of Energy. 2009 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Cultural Policies; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Mitigation; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Utility Policies
Riegl, B., A. Bruckner, S. L. Coles, P. Renaud, and R. E. Dodge. 2009. Coral Reefs Threats and Conservation in an Era of Global Change. Pages 136-186 Year In Ecology And Conservation Biology 2009. 2009 Global; Florida Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Pathogens; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Nelson, D.M., T. Haverland, and E. Finnen. 2009. EcoGIS - GIS Tools for Ecosystem Approaches to Fisheries Management. Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 75, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring (MD, USA). 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Obura, D. O. and G. Grimsditch. 2009. Resilience Assessment of Coral Reefs Rapid assessment protocol for coral reefs, focusing on coral bleaching and thermal stress. IUCN working group on Climate Change and Coral Reefs, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 2009 Global; South & Central America; Caribbean Algae; Climate; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Sea Temperatures; Seagrasses; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Strain, E. M. A. and C. R. Johnson. 2009. Competition between an invasive urchin and commercially fished abalone: Effect on body condition, reproduction and survivorship. Marine Ecology Progress Series 377:169-182. 2009 Australia Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species
World Resources Institute. 2009. Value of coral reefs & mangroves in the caribbean: economic valuation methodology v3.0. 2009 South & Central America; St. Lucia; Trinidad; Tobago; Belize; Caribbean Review Collaboration & Partnering; Cruise Ships; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Rathakrishnan, T., M. Ramasubramanian, N. Anandaraja, N. Suganthi, and S. Anitha. 2009. Traditional fishing practices followed by fisher folks of Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal Of Traditional Knowledge 8:543-547. 2009 Global; India Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Wetlands
Carr, L. M. and W. D. Heyman. 2009. Jamaica bound? Marine resources and management at a crossroads in Antigua and Barbuda. Geographical Journal 175:17-38. 2009 South & Central America; Jamaica; Antigua; Barbuda; Caribbean Index or Indicator Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Cruz-Trinidad, A., R. C. Geronimo, and P. M. Alino. 2009. Development trajectories and impacts on coral reef use in Lingayen Gulf, Philippines. Ocean and Coastal Management 52:173-180. 2009 Philippines Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing Sector; Housing; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Cushman, E. L., N. K. Jue, A. E. Strand, and E. E. Sotka. 2009. Evaluating the demographic significance of genetic homogeneity using a coalescent-based simulation: a case study with gag (Mycteroperca microlepis). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66:1821-1830. 2009 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Model Finfish Harvest
Myers, M. R. and R. F. Ambrose. 2009. Differences in benthic cover inside and outside marine protected areas on the Great Barrier Reef: influence of protection or disturbance history? Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19:736-747. 2009 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Marine Protected Areas; Octocoral; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
McClanahan, T. R., N. A. Muthiga, J. Maina, A. T. Kamukuru, and S. A. S. Yahya. 2009. Changes in northern Tanzania coral reefs during a period of increased fisheries management and climatic disturbance. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19:758-771. 2009 Indian Ocean; Tanzania; India Climate; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins
Philippot, R., F. Delangle, F.-X. Verdot, F. Farizon, and M.-H. Fessy. 2009. Femoral deficiency reconstruction using a hydroxyapatite-coated locked modular stem. A series of 43 total hip revisions. Orthopaedics and Traumatology: Surgery and Research 95:119-126. 2009 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Check, W. 2009. DNA sequencing grows virtuosic - And deep. Microbe 4:18-22. 2009 Biomedical Research Policies; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kamal, A. H. and M. A. A. Khan. 2009. Coastal and estuarine resources of Bangladesh: management conservation issues. Maejo International Journal Of Science And Technology 3:313-342. 2009 Discharges; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Knittweis, L., W. E. Kraemer, J. Timm, and M. Kochzius. 2009. Genetic structure of Heliofungia actiniformis (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) populations in the Indo-Malay Archipelago: Implications for live coral trade management efforts. Conservation Genetics 10:241-249. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Aquarium & Pet Trade; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Himmelman, J. H., H. E. Guderley, and P. F. Duncan. 2009. Responses of the saucer scallop Amusium balloti to potential predators. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 378:58-61. 2009 Australia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Seastars; Sediment
McClanahan, T. R., N. A. J. Graham, S. K. Wilson, Y. Letourneur, and R. Fisher. 2009. Effects of fisheries closure size, age, and history of compliance on coral reef fish communities in the western Indian Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress Series 396:99-109. 2009 Indian Ocean; India Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Roseman, E. F., J. S. Schaeffer, and P. J. Steen. 2009. Review of fish diversity in the Lake Huron basin. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A 12:22-Nov. 2009 Review Climate; Fish; Fishing Sector; Remediation; Schools & Colleges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
de Voogd, N. J., L. E. Becking, and D. F. R. Cleary. 2009. Sponge community composition in the Derawan Islands, NE Kalimantan, Indonesia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 396:169-180. 2009 Java; Indonesia Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Bell, J. D., E. Clua, C. A. Hair, R. Galzin, and P. J. Doherty. 2009. The Capture and Culture of Post-Larval Fish and Invertebrates for the Marine Ornamental Trade. Reviews in Fisheries Science 17:223-240. 2009 Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Plankton; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Sabater, M. G. and B. P. Carroll. 2009. Trends in Reef Fish Population and Associated Fishery after Three Millennia of Resource Utilization and a Century of Socio-Economic Changes in American Samoa. Reviews in Fisheries Science 17:318-335. 2009 Samoa; American Samoa Review Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Orr, J. C., K. Caldeira, V. Fabry, J.-P. Gattuso, P. Haugan, P. Lehodey, S. Pantoja, H.-O. Portner, U. Riebesell, T. Trull, E. Urban, M. Hood, and W. Broadgate. 2009. Research priorities for understanding ocean acidification: summary from the Second Symposium on the Ocean in a High-CO2 World. Oceanography 22:182-189. 2009 Index or Indicator CO2; Fishing Sector; Ocean Acidity; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Morgan, O. A., D. M. Massey, and W. L. Huth. 2009. Diving demand for large ship artificial reefs. Marine Resource Economics 24:43-59. 2009 Model Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Large Ships; Monetary Valuation; Non-Monetary Valuation; Recreational Opportunities; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Raina, J.-B., D. Tapiolas, B. L. Willis, and D. G. Bourne. 2009. Coral-associated bacteria and their role in the biogeochemical cycling of sulfur. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75:3492-3501. 2009 Climate; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Stony Coral
Leitao, F., M. N. Santos, K. Erzini, and C. C. Monteiro. 2009. Diplodus spp. assemblages on artificial reefs: Importance for near shore fisheries. Fisheries Management and Ecology 16:88-99. 2009 Artificial Habitat; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Wallace, B. P., L. Avens, J. Braun-McNeill, and C. M. McClellan. 2009. The diet composition of immature loggerheads: Insights on trophic niche, growth rates, and fisheries interactions. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 373:50-57. 2009 Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Nutrients; Sea Turtles; Snails & Conch; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Scarfe, B. E., T. R. Healy, and H. G. Rennie. 2009. Research-Based Surfing Literature for Coastal Management and the Science of Surfing-A Review. Journal of Coastal Research 25:539-557. 2009 Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Yakimov, M. M., V. L. Cono, and R. Denaro. 2009. A first insight into the occurrence and expression of functional amoA and accA genes of autotrophic and ammonia-oxidizing bathypelagic Crenarchaeota of Tyrrhenian Sea. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56:748-754. 2009 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Microorganisms; Sediment
Collen, J. D., D. W. Garton, and J. P. A. Gardner. 2009. Shoreline Changes and Sediment Redistribution at Palmyra Atoll (Equatorial Pacific Ocean): 1874-Present. Journal of Coastal Research 25:711-722. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Palmyra Atoll Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Infrastructure; Military; Sediment
Woodby, D., D. Carlile, and L. Hulbert. 2009. Predictive modeling of coral distribution in the Central Aleutian Islands, USA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:227-240. 2009 Model Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Sand, P. H. 2009. Diego Garcia: British-American legal black hole in the Indian ocean? Journal of Environmental Law 21:113-137. 2009 Global; Indian Ocean; Chagos Archipelago; India Climate; Housing; Invasive Species; Military; Ocean Acidity
Costello, M. J. 2009. Distinguishing marine habitat classification concepts for ecological data management. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:253-268. 2009 Review; GIS & Maps Fishing Sector; Plankton; Sediment; Sponges; Whales & Dolphins
Althaus, F., A. Williams, T. A. Schlacher, R. J. Kloser, M. A. Green, B. A. Barker, N. J. Bax, P. Brodie, and M. A. Schlacher-Hoenlinger. 2009. Impacts of bottom trawling on deep-coral ecosystems of seamounts are long-lasting. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:279-294. 2009 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Heifetz, J., R. P. Stone, and S. K. Shotwell. 2009. Damage and disturbance to coral and sponge habitat of the Aleutian Archipelago. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:295-303. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Hydrocoral; Octocoral; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Stallings, C. D. 2009. Predator identity and recruitment of coral-reef fishes: indirect effects of fishing. Marine Ecology Progress Series 383:251-259. 2009 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Piscivorous Fish
Coulson, P. G., S. A. Hesp, N. G. Hall, and I. C. Potter. 2009. The western blue groper (Achoerodus gouldii), a protogynous hermaphroditic labrid with exceptional longevity, late maturity, slow growth, and both late maturation and sex change. Fishery Bulletin 107:57-75. 2009 Australia Finfish Harvest; Tourism & Recreation
Silvano, R. A. M., M. Ramires, and J. Zuanon. 2009. Effects of fisheries management on fish communities in the floodplain lakes of a Brazilian Amazonian Reserve. Ecology Of Freshwater Fish 18:156-166. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Uthicke, S., B. Schaffelke, and M. Byrne. 2009. A boom-bust phylum? Ecological and evolutionary consequences of density variations in echinoderms. Ecological Monographs 79:3-24. 2009 Global Review; Model Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Invertebrates; Nutrients; Pathogens; Plankton; Sea Urchins; Seastars
Hedouin, L., P. Bustamante, C. Churlaud, O. Pringault, R. Fichez, and M. Warnau. 2009. Trends in concentrations of selected metalloid and metals in two bivalves from the coral reefs in the SW lagoon of New Caledonia. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 72:372-381. 2009 New Caledonia Index or Indicator Bivalves; Mining; Sediment
Steneck, R. S., C. B. Paris, S. N. Arnold, M. C. Ablan-Lagman, A. C. Alcala, M. J. Butler, L. J. McCook, G. R. Russ, and P. F. Sale. 2009. Thinking and managing outside the box: Coalescing connectivity networks to build region-wide resilience in coral reef ecosystems. Coral Reefs 28:367-378. 2009 South & Central America; Caribbean Fishing Sector
Oliveira, C., M. T. Dinis, F. Soares, E. Cabrita, P. Pousao-Ferreira, and F. J. Sanchez-Vazquez. 2009. Lunar and daily spawning rhythms of Senegal sole Solea senegalensis. Journal of Fish Biology 75:61-74. 2009 Aquaculture; Fish
Levin, P. S., I. Kaplan, R. Grober-Dunsmore, P. M. Chittaro, S. Oyamada, K. Andrews, and M. Mangel. 2009. A framework for assessing the biodiversity and fishery aspects of marine reserves. Journal of Applied Ecology 46:735-742. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management
Molloy, P. P., I. B. McLean, and I. M. Cote. 2009. Effects of marine reserve age on fish populations: a global meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Ecology 46:743-751. 2009 Global Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Davies, T. E., N. Beanjara, and T. Tregenza. 2009. A socio-economic perspective on gear-based management in an artisanal fishery in south-west Madagascar. Fisheries Management and Ecology 16:279-289. 2009 Madagascar Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Cooley, S. R. and S. C. Doney. 2009. Anticipating ocean acidification's economic consequences for commercial fisheries. Environmental Research Letters 4:24007. 2009 Review; Lab Study Calcium Carbonate Deposition; CO2; Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Molluscs; Ocean Acidity; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses
Andrefouet, S., K. Friedman, A. Gilbert, and G. Remoissenet. 2009. A comparison of two surveys of invertebrates at Pacific Ocean islands: the giant clam at Raivavae Island, Australes Archipelago, French Polynesia. ICES Journal of Marine Science 66:1825-1836. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Remote Sensing Fishing Sector
Little, L. R., A. E. Punt, B. D. Mapstone, G. A. Begg, B. Goldman, and N. Ellis. 2009. Different responses to area closures and effort controls for sedentary and migratory harvested species in a multispecies coral reef linefishery. ICES Journal of Marine Science 66:1931-1941. 2009 GIS & Maps Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Munoz, P. D., M. Sayago-Gil, J. Cristobo, S. Parra, A. Serrano, V. D. del Rio, T. Patrocinio, M. Sacau, F. J. Murillo, D. Palomino, and L. M. Fernandez-Salas. 2009. Seabed mapping for selecting cold-water coral protection areas on Hatton Bank, Northeast Atlantic. ICES Journal of Marine Science 66:2013-2025. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Europe GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Sediment
Harborne, A. R., P. G. Renaud, E. H. M. Tyler, and P. J. Mumby. 2009. Reduced density of the herbivorous urchin Diadema antillarum inside a Caribbean marine reserve linked to increased predation pressure by fishes. Coral Reefs 9-Jan. 2009 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Pathogens; Sea Urchins
Lopez-Rivera, M. D. and A. M. Sabat. 2009. Effects of a marine fishery reserve and habitat characteristics in the abundance and demography of the red hind grouper, Epinephelus guttatus. Caribbean Journal of Science 45:348-362. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Pizzini, M. V. and C. Garcia-Quijano. 2009. Coupling of humans, habitats and other species: a study of the fishers' traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) in La Parguera. Caribbean Journal of Science 45:363-371. 2009 Puerto Rico Model Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Di Franco, A., A. Marchini, P. Baiata, M. Milazzo, and R. Chemello. 2009. Developing a scuba trail vulnerability index (STVI): a case study from a Mediterranean MPA. Biodiversity and Conservation 18:1201-1217. 2009 Cuba Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Quicoy, A. R. and N. D. Briones. 2009. Beach Carrying Capacity Assessment of Coastal Ecotourism in Calatagan, Batangas, Phlippines. Journal Of Environmental Science And Management 12:11-26. 2009 Florida Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Beaches & Nature Parks; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies
Safonova, I. YU . 2009. Intraplate magmatism and oceanic plate stratigraphy of the Paleo-Asian and Paleo-Pacific Oceans from 600 to 140 Ma. Ore Geology Reviews 35:137-154. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Japan Review Commercial Fisheries; Sediment
Whittington, I. D. and G. C. Kearn. 2009. Two new species of entobdelline skin parasites (Monogenea, Capsalidae) from the blotched fantail ray, Taeniura meyeni, in the Pacific Ocean, with comments on spermatophores and the male copulatory apparatus. Acta Parasitologica 54:12-21. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean; Japan; Taiwan Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
Underwood, J. N. 2009. Characterisation of ten polymorphic microsatellite loci in a coral reef fish (Chromis margaritifer). Conservation Genetics Resources 1:491-493. 2009 Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Molloy, P. P., J. D. Reynolds, M. J. G. Gage, and I. M. Cote. 2009. Effects of an artisanal fishery on non-spawning grouper populations. Marine Ecology Progress Series 392:253-262. 2009 South & Central America; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Bourne, D. G., M. Garren, T. M. Work, E. Rosenberg, G. W. Smith, and C. D. Harvell. 2009. Microbial disease and the coral holobiont. Trends in Microbiology 17:554-562. 2009 Global Review Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Caras, T. and Z. Pasternak. 2009. Long-term environmental impact of coral mining at the Wakatobi marine park, Indonesia. Ocean and Coastal Management 52:539-544. 2009 Indonesia Algae; Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Marine Protected Areas; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Ahmad, S. A. and N. Hanley. 2009. Willingness to pay for reducing crowding effect damages in Marine Parks in Malaysia. Singapore Economic Review 54:21-39. 2009 Malaysia; Oman Model Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Keller, B. D., D. F. Gleason, E. McLeod, C. M. Woodley, S. Airame, B. D. Causey, A. M. Friedlander, R. Grober-Dunsmore, J. E. Johnson, S. L. Miller, and R. S. Steneck. 2009. Climate Change, Coral Reef Ecosystems, and Management Options for Marine Protected Areas. Environmental Management 44:1069-1088. 2009 Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Pathogens; Special Use Permitting; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Mooney, H., A. Larigauderie, M. Cesario, T. Elmquist, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, S. Lavorel, G. M. Mace, M. Palmer, R. Scholes, and T. Yahara. 2009. Biodiversity, climate change, and ecosystem services. Current Opinion In Environmental Sustainability 1:46-54. 2009 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Climate; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Burke, J. S., W. J. Kenworthy, and L. L. Wood. 2009. Ontogenetic patterns of concentration indicate lagoon nurseries are essential to common grunts stocks in a Puerto Rican bay. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 81:533-543. 2009 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Index or Indicator Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment
Kundzewicz, Z. W. and P. Doll. 2009. Will groundwater ease freshwater stress under climate change? Hydrological Sciences Journal-journal Des Sciences Hydrologiques 54:665-675. 2009 Global Climate; Drinking Water Supply; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Water Depth & Sea Level
Andersson, M. H., M. Berggren, D. Wilhelmsson, and M. C. Ohman. 2009. Epibenthic colonization of concrete and steel pilings in a cold-temperate embayment: a field experiment. Helgoland Marine Research 63:249-260. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Docks & Marinas; Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs; Tunicates
McClanahan, T. R., E. Weil, and J. Maina. 2009. Strong relationship between coral bleaching and growth anomalies in massive Porites. Global Change Biology 15:1804-1816. 2009 Kenya Model Algae; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Stony Coral
Pernice, M., J. Boucher, R. Boucher-Rodoni, P. Joannot, and P. Bustamante. 2009. Comparative bioaccumulation of trace elements between Nautilus pompilius and Nautilus macromphalus (Cephalopoda: Nautiloidea) from Vanuatu and New Caledonia. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 72:365-371. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Vanuatu; New Caledonia Mining; Octopus & Squid
Albanez-Lucero, M. O. and F. Arreguin-Sanchez. 2009. Modelling the spatial distribution of red grouper (Epinephelus morio) at Campeche Bank, Mexico, with respect substrate. Ecological Modelling 220:2744-2750. 2009 South & Central America; Cuba; Mexico Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Substrate
UNCWI. 2009. Healthy Watersheds through Healthy Forests. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Collaboration & Partnering; Drinking Water Supply; Forestry; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Hall-Spencer, J. M., M. Tasker, M. Soffker, S. Christiansen, S. Rogers, M. Campbell, and K. Hoydal. 2009. Design of Marine Protected Areas on high seas and territorial waters of Rockall Bank. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:305-308. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Cinner, J., M. M. P. B. Fuentes, and H. Randriamahazo. 2009. Exploring Social Resilience in Madagascar's Marine Protected Areas. Ecology and Society 14:41. 2009 Madagascar Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Agriculture; Housing; Infrastructure; Marine Protected Areas
Parker, S. J., A. J. Penney, and M. R. Clark. 2009. Detection criteria for managing trawl impacts on vulnerable marine ecosystems in high seas fisheries of the South Pacific Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:309-317. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean Model; Index or Indicator Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Bruckner, A. W. 2009. Rate and extent of decline in Corallium (pink and red coral) populations: existing data meet the requirements for a CITES Appendix II listing. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:319-332. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Review Fishing Sector; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Special Use Permitting
Vignon, M., P. Sasal, M. C. Rigby, and R. Galzin. 2009. Multiple parasite introduction and host management plan: case study of lutjanid fish in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 85:133-145. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Worms; Piscivorous Fish
Hourigan, T. F. 2009. Managing fishery impacts on deep-water coral ecosystems of the USA: emerging best practices. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:333-340. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring Collaboration & Partnering; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Grandcourt, E. M., T. Z. Al Abdessalaam, F. Francis, A. T. Al Shamsi, and S. A. Hartmann. 2009. Reproductive biology and implications for management of the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides in the southern Arabian Gulf. Journal of Fish Biology 74:820-841. 2009 Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Penney, A. J., S. J. Parker, and J. H. Brown. 2009. Protection measures implemented by New Zealand for vulnerable marine ecosystems in the South Pacific Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:341-354. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Pacific Ocean Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Brock, R., E. English, E. Kenchington, and M. Tasker. 2009. The alphabet soup that protects cold-water corals in the North Atlantic. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:355-360. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Europe Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Commercial Fisheries; Marine Protected Areas; Molluscs
Vaske, T., C. M. Vooren, and R. P. Lessa. 2009. Feeding Strategy Of The Night Shark (Carcharhinus Signatus) And Scalloped Hammerhead Shark (Sphyrna Lewini) Near Seamounts Off Northeastern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 57:97-104. 2009 Index or Indicator Apex Fish Predators; Fishing Sector; Octopus & Squid
Matsushima, H., H. Tanaka, N. Mizumoto, and A. Takashima. 2009. Identification of crassin acetate as a new immunosuppressant triggering heme oxygenase-1 expression in dendritic cells. Blood 114:64-73. 2009
Aguiar, A. A., J. L. Valentin, and R. S. Rosa. 2009. Habitat use by Dasyatis americana in a south-western Atlantic oceanic island. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 6-Jan. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Beaches & Nature Parks
Safonova, I. Y. 2009. Intraplate magmatism and oceanic plate stratigraphy of the Paleo-Asian and Paleo-Pacific Oceans from 600 to 140 Ma. Ore Geology Reviews 35:137-154. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Japan Review Commercial Fisheries; Sediment
Bertelsen, R. D., M. J. Butler, W. F. Herrnkind, and J. H. Hunt. 2009. Regional characterisation of hard-bottom nursery habitat for juvenile Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) using rapid assessment techniques. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43:299-312. 2009 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Algae; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octocoral; Seagrasses; Sponges; Stony Coral
Irving, A. D. and M. D. Bertness. 2009. Trait-dependent modification of facilitation on cobble beaches. Ecology 90:3042-3050. 2009 England Model Beaches & Nature Parks
Warner, R. R., S. L. Hamilton, M. S. Sheehy, L. D. Zeidberg, B. C. Brady, and J. E. Caselle. 2009. Geographic variation in natal and early larval trace-elemental signatures in the statoliths of the market squid Doryteuthis (formerly Loligo) opalescens. Marine Ecology Progress Series 379:109-121. 2009 Commercial Fisheries; Octopus & Squid
Forcada, A., C. Valle, P. Bonhomme, G. Criquet, G. Cadiou, P. Lenfant, and J. L. Sanchez-Lizaso. 2009. Effects of habitat on spillover from marine protected areas to artisanal fisheries. Marine Ecology Progress Series 379:197-211. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Yanez, E., C. Silva, R. Vega, F. Espindola, L. Alvarez, N. Silva, S. Palma, S. Salinas, E. Menschel, V. Haussermann, D. Soto, and N. Ramirez. 2009. Seamounts in the southeastern Pacific Ocean and biodiversity on Juan Fernandez seamounts, Chile. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 37:555-570. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Review Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Plankton; Stony Coral; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Leopold, M., A. Cakacaka, S. Meo, J. Sikolia, and D. Lecchini. 2009. Evaluation of the effectiveness of three underwater reef fish monitoring methods in Fiji. Biodiversity and Conservation 16-Jan. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Fiji Field Study & Monitoring Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Social Organizations
Paris, R., P. Wassmer, J. Sartohadi, F. Lavigne, B. Barthomeuf, E. Desgages, D. Grancher, P. Baumert, F. Vautier, D. Brunstein, and C. Gomez. 2009. Tsunamis as geomorphic crises: Lessons from the December 26, 2004 tsunami in Lhok Nga, West Banda Aceh (Sumatra, Indonesia). Geomorphology 104:59-72. 2009 Indonesia Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Dodds, W. K., W. A. Bouska, J. L. Eitzmann, T. J. Pilger, K. L. Pitts, A. J. Riley, J. T. Schloesser, and D. J. Thornbrugh. 2009. Eutrophication of U.S. freshwaters: analysis of potential economic damages. Environmental Science and Technology 43:13-19. 2009 Drinking Water Supply; Fish; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Moreno, A. and B. Amelung. 2009. Climate change and coastal & marine tourism: review and analysis. Journal of Coastal Research 56:1140-1144. 2009 Review Climate; Tourism & Recreation
Selkoe, K. A., B. S. Halpern, C. M. Ebert, E. C. Franklin, E. R. Selig, K. S. Casey, J. Bruno, and R. J. Toonen. 2009. A map of human impacts to a "pristine" coral reef ecosystem, the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument. Coral Reefs 16-Jan. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii GIS & Maps Climate; Finfish Harvest; Light; Marine Debris; Pathogens; Sea Temperatures; Water Depth & Sea Level
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 2009. Fisheries of the United States 2008. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2009 Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Kragt, M. E., P. C. Roebeling, and A. Ruijs. 2009. Effects of Great Barrier Reef degradation on recreational reef-trip demand: A contingent behaviour approach. Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 53:213-229. 2009 Australia Model Agriculture; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Gotz, A., S. E. Kerwath, C. G. Attwood, and W. H. H. Sauer. 2009. Effects of fishing on a temperate reef community in South Africa 1: ichthyofauna. African Journal of Marine Science 31:241-251. 2009 Oman; South Africa Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Gotz, A., S. E. Kerwath, C. G. Attwood, and W. H. H. Sauer. 2009. Effects of fishing on a temperate reef community in South Africa 2: benthic invertebrates and algae. African Journal of Marine Science 31:253-262. 2009 Oman; South Africa Algae; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertebrates; Marine Protected Areas
Sih, J. and J. Chouw. 2009. Fish And Whips: Use Of Gorgonians As A Habitat By The Large Whipcoral Goby, Bryaninops Amplus (Larson). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 145-157. 2009 Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Hotel & Food Services; Octocoral
Cinner, J. E., T. R. McClanahan, N. A. J. Graham, M. S. Pratchett, S. K. Wilson, and J. B. Raina. 2009. Gear-based fisheries management as a potential adaptive response to climate change and coral mortality. Journal of Applied Ecology 46:724-732. 2009 Kenya; Papua New Guinea Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Juan-Jorda, M. J., J. A. Barth, M. E. Clarke, and W. W. Wakefield. 2009. Groundfish species associations with distinct oceanographic habitats in the Northern California Current. Fisheries Oceanography 18:1-19. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Discharges; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Peters, H. and J. P. Hawkins. 2009. Access to marine parks: A comparative study in willingness to pay. Ocean and Coastal Management 52:219-228. 2009 Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation
Hardt, M. J. 2009. Lessons from the past: The collapse of Jamaican coral reefs. Fish and Fisheries 10:143-158. 2009 South & Central America; Jamaica; Columbia; Caribbean Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Martinelli, R. E., T. F. Hamilton, R. W. Williams, and S. R. Kehl. 2009. Separation of uranium and plutonium isotopes for measurement by multi collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 282:343-347. 2009 Marshall Islands
Elmhirst, T., S. R. Connolly, and T. P. Hughes. 2009. Connectivity, regime shifts and the resilience of coral reefs. Coral Reefs 28:949-957. 2009 Model Algae; Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Seastars; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Shortis, M., E. Harvey, and D. Abdo. 2009. A Review Of Underwater Stereo-Image Measurement For Marine Biology And Ecology Applications. Pages 257-292 Oceanography And Marine Biology: An Annual Review, Vol 47. 2009 Review Aquaculture
Currie, D. R. and S. J. Sorokin. 2009. Evaluating the effects of reserve closure on algae, invertebrate and fish assemblages at a temperate South Australian marine reserve. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 11-Jan. 2009 Australia Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertebrates
Chapman, D. D., E. A. Babcock, S. H. Gruber, J. D. Dibattista, B. R. Franks, S. A. Kessel, T. Guttridge, E. K. Pikitch, and K. A. Feldheim. 2009. Long-term natal site-fidelity by immature lemon sharks (Negaprion brevirostris) at a subtropical island. Molecular Ecology 18:3500-3507. 2009 Bahamas Apex Fish Predators; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Jennings, S. and R. W. Wilson. 2009. Fishing impacts on the marine inorganic carbon cycle. Journal of Applied Ecology 46:976-982. 2009 Global Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Shertzer, K. W., E. H. Williams, and J. C. Taylor. 2009. Spatial structure and temporal patterns in a large marine ecosystem: Exploited reef fishes of the southeast United States. Fisheries Research 100:126-133. 2009 Florida Climate; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species; Tourism & Recreation
van Herwerden, L., W. J. Aspden, S. J. Newman, G. G. Pegg, L. Briskey, and W. Sinclair. 2009. A comparison of the population genetics of Lethrinus miniatus and Lutjanus sebae from the east and west coasts of Australia: Evidence for panmixia and isolation. Fisheries Research 100:148-155. 2009 Australia Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). 2009. Tourism highlights, 2009 edition. 2009 Tourism & Recreation
Negri, A. P., R. M. Soo, F. Flores, and N. S. Webster. 2009. Bacillus Insecticides are not Acutely Harmful to Corals and Sponges. Marine Ecology Progress Series 381:157-165. 2009 Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Sponges; Stony Coral
Calo, C. F. F., A. Schiavetti, and M. Cetra. 2009. Local ecological and taxonomic knowledge of snapper fish (Teleostei: Actinopterygii) held by fishermen in Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology 7:403-414. 2009 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Nguyen, H. Y. T., O. Pedersen, K. Ikejima, K. Sunada, and S. Oishi. 2009. Using reefcheck monitoring database to develop the coral reef index of biological integrity. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 4:90-102. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Small Boats; Stony Coral
Garrone-Neto, D. and I. Sazima. 2009. The more stirring the better: cichlid fishes associate with foraging potamotrygonid rays. Neotropical Ichthyology 7:499-501. 2009 Invasive Species; Sediment; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Koldewey, H. J., J. Atkinson, and A. Debney. 2009. Threatened species on the menu? Towards sustainable seafood use in zoos and aquariums. International Zoo Yearbook 43:71-81. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Mangroves; Wetlands
Marques, J. F., C. M. Teixeira, A. Pinheiro, K. Peschke, and H. N. Cabral. 2009. A multivariate approach to the feeding ecology of the Channel flounder, Syacium micrurum (Pisces, Pleuronectiformes), in Cape Verde, Eastern Atlantic. Ciencias Marinas 35:15-27. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Index or Indicator Commercial Fisheries; Invertebrates; Marine Worms
Xue, L. Y., X. C. Zhang, and W. Zhang. 2009. Larval release and settlement of the marine sponge Hymeniacidon perlevis (Porifera, Demospongiae) under controlled laboratory conditions. Aquaculture 290:132-139. 2009 Cuba Lab Study; Model Aquaculture; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Justine, J. L., C. Dupoux, and T. H. Cribb. 2009. Resolution of the discrepant host-specificity of Pseudorhabdosynochus species (Monogenea, Diplectanidae) from serranid fishes in the tropical Indo-Pacific. Acta Parasitologica 54:119-130. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites
Lachica-Alino, L., L. T. David, M. Wolff, P. M. Alino, and M. C. G. Ranola. 2009. Distributional Patterns, Habitat Overlap and Trophic Interactions of Species Caught by Trawling in the Ragay Gulf, Philippines. Philippine Agricultural Scientist 92:46-65. 2009 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Octopus & Squid; Plankton; Seagrasses; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Aurellado, M. E. B., V. V. Hilomen, P. M. Alino, and V. Lumbab. 2009. Movement of Reef Fishes Across Boundaries of Marine Protected Areas in Danjugan Island, Negros Occidental, Philippines. Philippine Agricultural Scientist 92:66-76. 2009 Philippines Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Rockstrom, J., W. Steffen, K. Noone, A. Persson, F. S. Chapin, E. Lambin, T. M. Lenton, M. Scheffer, C. Folke, H. J. Schellnhuber, B. Nykvist, C. A. de Wit, T. Hughes, S. van der Leeuw, H. Rodhe, S. Sorlin, P. K. Snyder, R. Costanza, U. Svedin, M. Falkenmark, and Karlbe. 2009. Planetary Boundaries: Exploring the Safe Operating Space for Humanity. Ecology and Society 14:32. 2009 Global Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; CO2; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Toxics
Meyer, C. G. and K. N. Holland. 2009. Spatial dynamics and substrate impacts of recreational snorkelers and SCUBA divers in Hawaiian Marine Protected Areas. Journal of Coastal Conservation 8-Jan. 2009 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Cuba GIS & Maps Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Seas At Risk. 2009. Moving Towards Low Impact Fisheries In Europe Policy Hurdles & Actions. 2009 Southeast Asia; Europe Review Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Climate; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Funding & Incentives; Special Use Permitting; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance
Das, S. 2009. Can mangroves minimize property loss during big storms? An analysis of house damage due to the super cyclone in Orissa. South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics, Kathmandu, Nepal. 2009 Global GIS & Maps Housing; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Regulating Services; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes
Harrison, P. A. and the RUBICODE consortium. 2009. Conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services in Europe: from threat to action. Pensoft. 2009 Europe Review; Index or Indicator Climate; Climate Regulation; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mitigation; Seawater Flow; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation
Ota, Y. and E. Hirose. 2009. Gnathia nubila n. sp and a new record of Gnathia grandilaris (Crustacea, Isopoda, Gnathiidae) that parasitizes elasmobranchs from Okinawan coastal waters, Japan. Zootaxa 43-55. 2009 Australia; Japan Lab Study Fishing Sector
Paddack, M. J., J. D. Reynolds, C. Aguilar, R. S. Appeldoorn, J. Beets, E. W. Burkett, P. M. Chittaro, K. Clarke, R. Esteves, A. C. Fonseca, G. E. Forrester, A. M. Friedlander, J. Garcia-Sais, G. Gonzalez-Sanson, L. K.B. Jordan, D. B. McClellan, M. W. Miller, P. P. Molloy, P. J. Mumby, I. Nagelkerken, M. Nemeth, R. Navas-Camacho, J. Pitt, N. V.C. Polunin, M. C. Reyes-Nivia, D. R. Robertson, A. Rodriguez-Ramirez, E. Salas, S. R. Smith, R. E. Spieler, M. A. Steele, I. D. Williams, C. L. Wormald, A. R. Watkinson, and I. M. Cote. 2009. Recent region-wide declines in Caribbean Reef Fish Abundance. Current Biology 19:590-595. 2009 South & Central America; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Batista, J. B., R. M. V. Leonel, and M. A. J. Costa. 2009. Population characteristics of Microphrys bicornutus (Brachyura, Mithracidae) on the phytal Halimeda opuntia (Chlorophyta, Halimedaceae), on reef area submitted to human visitation, in Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. Iheringia Serie Zoologia 99:44-52. 2009 Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Salinity; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Barnes, D. K. A. and K. A. Rawlinson. 2009. Traditional coastal invertebrate fisheries in south-western Madagascar. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89:1589-1596. 2009 Madagascar Echinoderms; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid
Guillemot, N., M. Leopold, M. Cuif, and P. Chabanet. 2009. Characterization and management of informal fisheries confronted with socio-economic changes in New Caledonia (South Pacific). Fisheries Research 98:51-61. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia Cultural Policies; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Recreational Fishing; Small Herbivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Nyunja, J., M. Ntiba, J. Onyari, K. Mavuti, K. Soetaert, and S. Bouillon. 2009. Carbon sources supporting a diverse fish community in a tropical coastal ecosystem (Gazi Bay, Kenya). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 83:333-341. 2009 Kenya Algae; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Mangroves; Nutrients; Seagrasses
Lewis, S. E., J. E. Brodie, Z. T. Bainbridge, K. W. Rohde, A. M. Davis, B. L. Masters, M. Maughan, M. J. Devlin, J. F. Mueller, and B. Schaffelke. 2009. Herbicides: A new threat to the Great Barrier Reef. Environmental Pollution 157:2470-2484. 2009 Australia Agriculture; Climate; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Dumas, P., A. Bertaud, C. Peignon, M. Leopold, and D. Pelletier. 2009. A "quick and clean" photographic method for the description of coral reef habitats. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 368:161-168. 2009 Cuba; New Caledonia Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sediment; Substrate
Oxford Economics. 2009. Valuing the effects of Great Barrier Reef bleaching. 2009 Global; Australia Review Climate; CO2; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Nutrients; Pathogens; Primary Production; Sea Temperatures; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
ten Voorde, M., J. S. A. do Carmo, and M. G. Neves. 2009. Designing a Preliminary Multifunctional Artificial Reef to Protect the Portuguese Coast. Journal of Coastal Research 25:69-79. 2009 Artificial Habitat; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
White, C. 2009. Density dependence and the economic efficacy of marine reserves. Theoretical Ecology 2:127-138. 2009 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Oakes, C. T. and D. J. Pondella II. 2009. The value of a net-cage as a fish aggregating device in Southern California. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 40:21-Jan. 2009 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Fish
Raymundo, L. J., A. R. Halford, A. P. Maypa, and A. M. Kerr. 2009. Functionally diverse reef-fish communities ameliorate coral disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:17067-17070. 2009 Australia; Philippines Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Pathogens; Stony Coral
Frank, D., S. Poole, S. Kirchhoff, and C. Forde. 2009. Investigation of Sensory and Volatile Characteristics of Farmed and Wild Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) using Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry Mass Spectrometry and Descriptive Sensory Analysis. Journal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry 57:10302-10312. 2009 Australia Model Aquaculture; Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Gallaway, B. J., S. T. Szedlmayer, and W. J. Gazey. 2009. A life history review for red snapper in the Gulf of Mexico with an evaluation of the importance of offshore petroleum platforms and other artificial reefs. Reviews in Fisheries Science 17:48-67. 2009 South & Central America; Mexico Review Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Oil & Gas Rigs; Piscivorous Fish
Riley, M. J., A. Harman, and R. G. Rees. 2009. Evidence of continued hunting of whale sharks Rhincodon typus in the Maldives. Environmental Biology of Fishes 86:371-374. 2009 Maldives Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest
Norstrom, A. V., M. Nystrom, J. Lokrantz, and C. Folke. 2009. Alternative states on coral reefs: Beyond coral-macroalgal phase shifts. Marine Ecology Progress Series 376:293-306. 2009 Review Algae; Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Sea Urchins; Sponges
Baomin, Z. and L. Jingjiang. 2009. Classification and characteristics of karst reservoirs in China and related theories. Petroleum Exploration and Development 36:29-Dec. 2009 China Forestry
Dikou, A., C. Ackerman, C. Banks, A. Dempsey, M. Fox, M. Gins, P. Hester, A. Parnes, S. Roach, J. Rohde, C. Spital, M. Tapleshay, and L. Thomas. 2009. Ecological assessment to detect imminent change in coral reefs of Admiral Cockburn Land and Sea National Park, Turks and Caicos Islands. Marine Ecology-an Evolutionary Perspective 30:425-436. 2009 South & Central America; Turks and Caicos; Caribbean Index or Indicator Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation; Turf Algae
Hicks, C. C., T. R. McClanahan, J. E. Cinner, and J. M. Hills. 2009. Trade-offs in values assigned to ecological goods and services associated with different coral reef management strategies. Ecology and Society 14:10-27. 2009 Global; Kenya Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation
Laidig, T. E., D. L. Watters, and M. M. Yoklavich. 2009. Demersal fish and habitat associations from visual surveys on the central California shelf. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 83:629-637. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Fish
Howard, K. G., B. D. Schumacher, and J. D. Parrish. 2009. Community structure and habitat associations of parrotfishes on Oahu, Hawaii. Environmental Biology of Fishes 12-Jan. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Packett, R., C. Dougall, K. Rohde, and R. Noble. 2009. Agricultural lands are hot-spots for annual runoff polluting the southern Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:976-986. 2009 Australia Agriculture; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Liu, P. J., K. T. Shao, R. Q. Jan, T. Y. Fan, S. L. Wong, J. S. Hwang, J. P. Chen, C. C. Chen, and H. J. Lin. 2009. A trophic model of fringing coral reefs in Nanwan Bay, southern Taiwan suggests overfishing. Marine Environmental Research 68:106-117. 2009 Taiwan Model Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Leite, T. S., M. Haimovici, and J. Mather. 2009. Octopus insularis (Octopodidae), evidences of a specialized predator and a time-minimizing hunter. Marine Biology 156:2355-2367. 2009 Bivalves; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid
Shipp, R. L. and S. A. Bortone. 2009. A prospective of the importance of artificial habitat on the management of red snapper in the Gulf of Mexico. Reviews in Fisheries Science 17:41-47. 2009 South & Central America; Mexico Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Piscivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Wielgusa, J., L. R. Gerbera, E. Salab, and J. Bennett. 2009. Including risk in stated-preference economic valuations: experiments on choices for marine recreation. Journal of Environmental Management 90:3401-3409. 2009 Global Model Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Zajicek, P., S. Hardin, and C. Watson. 2009. A Florida marine ornamental pathway risk analysis. Reviews in Fisheries Science 17:156-169. 2009 Global; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Review Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Invasive Species; Stony Coral; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Sunagawa, S., E. C. Wilson, M. Thaler, M. L. Smith, C. Caruso, J. R. Pringle, V. M. Weis, M. Medina, and J. A. Schwarz. 2009. Generation and analysis of transcriptomic resources for a model system on the rise: the sea anemone Aiptasia pallida and its dinoflagellate endosymbiont. BMC Genomics 10:258. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research
Lu, T., K. M. Ma, Y. X. Zhang, H. W. Ni, and B. J. Fu. 2009. Species Similarity - Distance Relationship In Wetlands: Effect Of Disturbance Intensity. Polish Journal Of Ecology 57:647-657. 2009 China Index or Indicator Agriculture; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Wetlands
Rhyne, A., R. Rotjan, A. Bruckner, and M. Tlusty. 2009. Crawling to Collapse: Ecologically Unsound Ornamental Invertebrate Fisheries. PLoS One 4:e8413. 2009 Florida Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Monetary Valuation
Williams, K. C. 2009. A review of feeding practices and nutritional requirements of postlarval groupers. Aquaculture 292:141-152. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Review Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Live Collection; Piscivorous Fish
Subramanian, S., M. Agarwal, T. Board, A. K. Gambhir, A. Hoad-Reddick, and M. Porter. 2009. Distally locked, fully hydroxyapatite coated modular long stems in salvage revision hip arthroplasty: a report of early experience. European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology 0:5-Jan. 2009 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Stokes, M. D. and G. B. Deane. 2009. Automated processing of coral reef benthic images. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 7:157-168. 2009 GIS & Maps Substrate
Binimelis, R., I. Monterroso, and B. Rodriguez-Labajos. 2009. Catalan agriculture and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) � An application of DPSIR model. Ecological Economics 69:55-62. 2009 Europe; Spain Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture
Sheppard, B. J. and C. F. Dungan. 2009. Exotic Perkinsus Sp Protozoa In An Imported Vietnamese Ornamental Clam (Tridacna Crocea) Maintained In A Home Aquarium. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 40:140-146. 2009 Cuba; Vietnam Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Molluscs; Pathogens
Burt, J., A. Bartholomew, A. Bauman, A. Saif, and P. F. Sale. 2009. Coral recruitment and early benthic community development on several materials used in the construction of artificial reefs and breakwaters. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 373:72-78. 2009 United Arab Emirates Artificial Habitat; Coastal Defense; Shoreline Protection; Substrate
Bonkosky, M., E. A. Hernandez-Delgado, B. Sandoz, I. E. Robledo, J. Norat-Ramirez, and H. Mattei. 2009. Detection of spatial fluctuations of non-point source fecal pollution in coral reef surrounding waters in southwestern Puerto Rico using PCR-based assays. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:45-54. 2009 Puerto Rico Fishing Sector; Health Policies; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Steinke, D., T. S. Zemlak, and P. D. N. Hebert. 2009. Barcoding Nemo: DNA-Based Identifications for the Ornamental Fish Trade. PLoS One 4:e6300. 2009 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Special Use Permitting
Brewer, T. D., J. E. Cinner, A. Green, and J. M. Pandolfi. 2009. Thresholds and multiple scale interaction of environment, resource use, and market proximity on reef fishery resources in the Solomon Islands. Biological Conservation 142:1797-1807. 2009 Solomon Islands Index or Indicator Climate; Corallivorous Fish; Fishing Sector; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Dearden, P., M. Theberge, and M. Yasue. 2009. Using underwater cameras to assess the effects of snorkeler and SCUBA diver presence on coral reef fish abundance, family richness, and species composition. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 8-Jan. 2009 Cuba; Thailand Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Wall, C. C., F. E. Muller-Karger, and M. A. Roffer. 2009. Linkages between environmental conditions and recreational king mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla) catch off west-central Florida. Fisheries Oceanography 18:185-199. 2009 Florida Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Kuldna, P., K. Peterson, H. Poltimae, and Jaan Luig. 2009. An application of DPSIR framework to identify issues of pollinator loss. Ecological Economics 69:32-42. 2009 Europe Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies
Lavides, M. N., N. V. C. Polunin, S. M. Stead, D. G. Tabaranza, M. T. Comeros, and J. R. Dongallo. 2009. Finfish disappearances around Bohol, Philippines inferred from traditional ecological knowledge. Environmental Conservation 36:235-244. 2009 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Barr, R. F. and S. Mourato. 2009. Investigating the potential for marine resource protection through environmental service markets: An exploratory study from La Paz, Mexico. Ocean and Coastal Management 52:568-577. 2009 South & Central America; Mexico Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation
Parsons, D. M., M. A. Morrison, A. B. MacDiarmid, B. Stirling, P. Cleaver, I. W. G. Smith, and M. Butcher. 2009. Risks of shifting baselines highlighted by anecdotal accounts of New Zealand's snapper (Pagrus auratus) fishery. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43:965-983. 2009 Model Banks, Credit, & Securities; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Viitala, R., V. Franklin, D. Green, C. Liu, A. Lloyd, and B. Tighe. 2009. Towards a synthetic osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis. Acta Biomaterialia 5:438-452. 2009 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Muthiga, N. A. 2009. Evaluating the effectiveness of management of the Malindi-Watamu marine protected area complex in Kenya. Ocean and Coastal Management 52:417-423. 2009 Kenya; Tanzania; Seychelles Index or Indicator Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas
Edelist, D. and E. Spanier. 2009. Influence of Levantine Artificial Reefs on the fish assemblage of the surrounding seabed. Mediterranean Marine Science 10:35-54. 2009 Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Hoffmann, F., R. Radax, D. Woebken, M. Holtappels, G. Lavik, H. T. Rapp, M. L. Schlappy, C. Schleper, and M. M. M. Kuypers. 2009. Complex nitrogen cycling in the sponge Geodia barretti. Environmental Microbiology 11:2228-2243. 2009 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Sediment; Sponges
Lundsten, L., J. P. Barry, G. M. Cailliet, D. A. Clague, A. P. Devogelaere, and J. B. Geller. 2009. Benthic invertebrate communities on three seamounts off southern and central California, USA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 374:23-32. 2009 Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Kawauchi, G. Y. and M. E. Rice. 2009. Two new species of Nephasoma (Sipuncula: Golfingiidae) from the Western Atlantic Ocean. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 122:13-Jan. 2009 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Review Golf Course Operations; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral
Wasmund, K., D. I. Kurtboke, K. A. Burns, and D. G. Bourne. 2009. Microbial diversity in sediments associated with a shallow methane seep in the tropical Timor Sea of Australia reveals a novel aerobic methanotroph diversity. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 68:142-151. 2009 Australia Microorganisms; Sediment
Valavi, H., A. Savari, V. Yavari, P. Kochanian, A. Safahieh, and O. S. Savadkuhi. 2009. Coral Reef Anthropogenic Impact Bio-Indicators In The Northern Part Of The Persian Gulf. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 7:215-227. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sea Urchins
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2009. Federal Member Coral Profiles. Department of the Interior, Washington, DC. 2009 Agriculture; Coastal Defense; Collaboration & Partnering
Yuan, N., W. Tian, D. F. Chen, Y. G. Xing, D. He, D. F. Chen, L. Sun, and Z. Z. Gao. 2009. The research of degradability of a novel biodegradable coralline hydroxyapatite after implanted into rabbit. Journal Of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 741-746. 2009 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Cruz-Trinidad, A., R. C. Geronimo, and P. M. Alino. 2009. Development trajectories and impacts on coral reef use in Lingayen Gulf, Philippines. Ocean and Coastal Management 52:173-180. 2009 Philippines Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing Sector; Housing; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Botsford, L. W., J. W. White, A. Coffroth M.-, C. B. Paris, S. Planes, T. L. Shearer, S. R. Thorrold, and G. P. Jones. 2009. Connectivity and resilience of coral reef metapopulations in marine protected areas: matching empirical efforts to predictive needs. Coral Reefs 11-Jan. 2009 Model Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas
Sherwood, O. A. and E. N. Edinger. 2009. Ages and growth rates of some deep-sea gorgonian and antipatharian corals of Newfoundland and Labrador. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66:142-152. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Octocoral
Dunn, D. C. and P. N. Halpin. 2009. Rugosity-based regional modeling of hard-bottom habitat. Marine Ecology Progress Series 377:1-11. 2009 Model; Index or Indicator; Remote Sensing Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector
Santos, R. S., S. Christiansen, B. Christiansen, and S. Gubbay. 2009. Toward the conservation and management of Sedlo Seamount: A case study. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56:2720-2730. 2009 Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Review Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting
Notarbartolo-Di-Sciara, G., M. H. Hanafy, M. M. Fouda, A. Afifi, and M. Costa. 2009. Spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) resting habitat in Samadai Reef (Egypt, Red Sea) protected through tourism management. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89:211-216. 2009 Egypt; United Kingdom Field Study & Monitoring Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
Cinner, J. E., T. R. McClanahan, T. M. Daw, N. A. J. Graham, J. Maina, S. K. Wilson, and T. P. Hughes. 2009. Linking Social and Ecological Systems to Sustain Coral Reef Fisheries. Current Biology 19:206-212. 2009 Indian Ocean; India Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing Sector
Bicudo, P. and A. Horta. 2009. Integrating Surfing in the Socio-economic and Morphology and Coastal Dynamic Impacts of the Environmental Evaluation of Coastal Projects. Journal of Coastal Research 1115-1119. 2009 Europe Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Roebeling, P. C., E. M. T. Hendrix, and M. E. van Grieken. 2009. Exploring industry specific social welfare maximizing rates of water pollution abatement in linked terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Journal of Coastal Research 1681-1685. 2009 Australia Agriculture; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges
McClanahan, T. R., E. Weil, and J. Maina. 2009. Strong relationship between coral bleaching and growth anomalies in massive Porites. Global Change Biology 15:1804-1816. 2009 Kenya Model Algae; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Stony Coral
Carilli, J. E., R. D. Norris, B. A. Black, S. M. Walsh, and M. McField. 2009. Local stressors reduce coral resilience to bleaching. PLoS One 4:e6324. 2009 Algae; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Ocean Acidity; Pathogens; Sediment; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Kramarsky-Winter, E., C. A. Downs, A. Downs, and Y. Loya. 2009. Cellular responses in the coral Stylophora pistillata exposed to eutrophication from fish mariculture. Evolutionary Ecology Research 11:381-401. 2009 Egypt Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Fish; Nutrients; Primary Production; Stony Coral
Voordouw, R. J. and N. J. Beukes. 2009. Alteration and metasomatism of the UG2 melanorite and its stratiform pegmatoids, Bushveld Complex, South Africa - characteristics, timing and origins. South African Journal of Geology 112:47-64. 2009 South Africa Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Nelson, S. G., E. P. Glenn, D. Moore, and B. Ambrose. 2009. Growth and Distribution of the Macroalgae Gracilaria salicornia and G-parvispora (Rhodophyta) Established from Aquaculture Introductions at Moloka'i, Hawai'i. Pacific Science 63:383-396. 2009 Algae; Aquaculture; Invasive Species; Nutrients
Lester, S. E., B. S. Halpern, K. Grorud-Colvert, J. Lubchenco, B. I. Ruttenberg, S. D. Gaines, S. Airame, and R. R. Warner. 2009. Biological effects within no-take marine reserves: a global synthesis. Marine Ecology Progress Series 384:33-46. 2009 Global Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Finfish Harvest; Invertebrates; Marine Protected Areas
Stobart, B., R. Warwick, C. Gonzalez, S. Mallol, D. Diaz, O. Renones, and R. Goni. 2009. Long-term and spillover effects of a marine protected area on an exploited fish community. Marine Ecology Progress Series 384:47-60. 2009 Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas
Knittweis, L., J. Jompa, C. Richter, and M. Wolff. 2009. Population dynamics of the mushroom coral Heliofungia actiniformis in the Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Coral Reefs 12-Jan. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Kuffner, I. B., R. Grober-Dunsmore, J. C. Brock, and T. D. Hickey. 2009. Biological community structure on patch reefs in Biscayne National Park, FL, USA. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 19-Jan. 2009 Remote Sensing Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Physical Variables; Storms & Hurricanes
Harborne, A. R., P. G. Renaud, E. H. M. Tyler, and P. J. Mumby. 2009. Reduced density of the herbivorous urchin Diadema antillarum inside a Caribbean marine reserve linked to increased predation pressure by fishes. Coral Reefs 28:783-791. 2009 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Pathogens; Sea Urchins
Knittweis, L., J. Jompa, C. Richter, and M. Wolff. 2009. Population dynamics of the mushroom coral Heliofungia actiniformis in the Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Coral Reefs 28:793-804. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Garrone-Neto, D. and I. Sazima. 2009. Stirring, charging, and picking: hunting tactics of potamotrygonid rays in the upper Parana River. Neotropical Ichthyology 7:113-116. 2009 Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Green, B. S. and C. Gardner. 2009. Surviving a sea-change: survival of southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) translocated to a site of fast growth. ICES Journal of Marine Science 66:656-664. 2009 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Moore, C. G., C. R. Bates, J. M. Mair, G. R. Saunders, D. B. Harries, and A. R. Lyndon. 2009. Mapping serpulid worm reefs (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) for conservation management. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19:226-236. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Aquaculture; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Marine Worms; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Gotanda, K. M., K. Turgeon, and D. L. Kramer. 2009. Body size and reserve protection affect flight initiation distance in parrotfishes. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 10-Jan. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Sutton, S. G. and R. C. Tobin. 2009. Recreational fishers' attitudes towards the 2004 rezoning of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Environmental Conservation 36:245-252. 2009 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Riegl, B., A. Bruckner, S. L. Coles, P. Renaud, and R. E. Dodge. 2009. Coral reefs: threats and conservation in an era of global change. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1162:136-186. 2009 Global; Florida Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Pathogens; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Graham, J. S., R. S. Stevenson, L. W. Mitcheltree, T. A. Hamilton, R. R. Deckert, R. B. Lee, and A. M. Schiavetta. 2009. Medical management of cutaneous sulfur mustard injuries. Toxicology 263:47-58. 2009 Florida Lab Study Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ling, S. D., C. R. Johnson, S. D. Frusher, and K. R. Ridgway. 2009. Overfishing reduces resilience of kelp beds to climate-driven catastrophic phase shift. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:22341-22345. 2009 Global Climate; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins
Garren, M., L. Raymundo, J. Guest, C. D. Harvell, and F. Azam. 2009. Resilience of Coral-Associated Bacterial Communities Exposed to Fish Farm Effluent. PLoS One 4:e7319. 2009 Philippines Aquaculture; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Stony Coral
Cudney-Bueno, R., M.F. Lavin, S.G. Marinone, P.T. Raimondi, W.W. Shaw. 2009. Rapid Effects of Marine Reserves via Larval Dispersal. PLoS One 4:e4140. 2009 South & Central America; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Molluscs; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Prouty, N. G., S. D. Jupiter, M. E. Field, and M. T. McCulloch. 2009. Coral proxy record of decadal-scale reduction in base flow from Moloka'i, Hawaii. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 10:Q12018. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Model Agriculture; Climate; Discharges; Seawater Flow; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Purgley, H., J. Jewell, J. E. Deacon, R. M. Winokur, and V. M. Tripoli. 2009. Vitamin D-3 in Captive Green Sea Turtles (Chelonia mydas). Chelonian Conservation and Biology 8:161-167. 2009 Review Apex Fish Predators; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Hotel & Food Services; Light; Sea Turtles
Garcia, S. S., K. MacDonald, E. H. De Carlo, M. L. Overfield, T. Reyer, and J. Rolfe. 2009. Discarded Military Munitions Case Study: Ordnance Reef (HI-06), Hawaii. Marine Technology Society Journal 43:85-99. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Review; Model Coastal Defense; Fish; Military; Sediment
Bainbridge, Z. T., J. E. Brodie, J. W. Faithful, D. A. Sydes, and S. E. Lewis. 2009. Identifying the land-based sources of suspended sediments, nutrients and pesticides discharged to the Great Barrier Reef from the Tully-Murray Basin, Queensland, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 60:1081-1090. 2009 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Brand, L. E. 2009. Human exposure to cyanobacteria and BMAA. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 10:85-95. 2009 Florida Algae; Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Nutrients
Nelson, M., W. F. Dempster, and J. P. Allen. 2009. The water cycle in closed ecological systems: Perspectives from the Biosphere 2 and Laboratory Biosphere systems. Advances in Space Research 44:1404-1412. 2009 Global Lab Study Agriculture; Drinking Water Supply; Irrigation; Mangroves; Nutrients; Salinity; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands
Gonzalez-Sanson, G., C. Aguilar, I. Hernandez, and Y. Cabrera. 2009. Effects of depth and bottom communities on the distribution of highly territorial reef fish in the northwestern region of Cuba. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 25:652-660. 2009 Cuba Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Octocoral; Petroleum Spills; Small Herbivorous Fish; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation
Headley, M., H. A. Oxenford, M. S. Peterson, and P. Fanning. 2009. Size related variability in the summer diet of the blackfin tuna (Thunnus atlanticus Lesson, 1831) from Tobago, the Lesser Antilles. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 25:669-675. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Antilles; Tobago Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Octopus & Squid; Planktivorous Fish
Hoehn, S. and B. Thapa. 2009. Attitudes and perceptions of indigenous fishermen towards marine resource management in Kuna Yala, Panama. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 16:427-437. 2009 Panama Index or Indicator Cultural Policies; Finfish Harvest; Resource Use Management
Gordoa, A. 2009. Characterization of the infralittoral system along the north-east Spanish coast based on sport shore-based fishing tournament catches. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 82:41-49. 2009 Spain Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Edwards, D. C. B. and C. G. Moore. 2009. Reproduction in the sea pen Funiculina quadrangularis (Anthozoa: Pennatulacea) from the west coast of Scotland. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 82:161-168. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Octocoral
Notarbartolo-Di-Sciarai, G., M. H. Hanafy, M. M. Fouda, A. Afifi, and M. Costa. 2009. Spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) resting habitat in Samadai Reef (Egypt, Red Sea) protected through tourism management. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89:211-216. 2009 Egypt Field Study & Monitoring Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
Siboni, N., S. Martinez, A. Abelson, A. Sivan, and A. Kushmaro. 2009. Conditioning film and initial biofilm formation on electrochemical CaCO3 deposition on a metallic net in the marine environment. Biofouling 25:675-683. 2009 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Cyanobacteria; Invertebrates
Roark, E. B., T. P. Guilderson, R. B. Dunbar, S. J. Fallon, and D. A. Mucciarone. 2009. Extreme longevity in proteinaceous deep-sea corals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:5204-5208. 2009 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Substrate
Costa, C., M. Scardi, V. Vitalini, and S. Cataudella. 2009. A dual camera system for counting and sizing Northern Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus; Linnaeus, 1758) stock, during transfer to aquaculture cages, with a semi automatic Artificial Neural Network tool. Aquaculture 291:161-167. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Pedersen, S. A., H. Fock, J. Krause, C. Pusch, A. L. Sell, U. Bottcher, S. I. Rogers, M. Skold, H. Skov, M. Podolska, G. J. Piet, and J. C. Rice. 2009. Natura 2000 sites and fisheries in German offshore waters. ICES Journal of Marine Science 66:155-169. 2009 Designate Protected Species; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Whales & Dolphins
Preuss, B., D. Pelletier, L. Wantiez, Y. Letourneur, S. Sarramegna, M. Kulbicki, R. Galzin, and J. Ferraris. 2009. Considering multiple-species attributes to understand better the effects of successive changes in protection status on a coral reef fish assemblage. ICES Journal of Marine Science 66:170-179. 2009 New Caledonia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Philippot, R., F. Delangle, F. X. Verdot, F. Farizon, and M. H. Fessy. 2009. Femoral deficiency reconstruction using a hydroxyapatite-coated locked modular stem. A series of 43 total hip revisions. Orthopaedics & Traumatology-surgery & Research 95:119-126. 2009 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Butardo-Toribio, M. Z., P. M. Alino, and E. S. Guiang. 2009. Cost-Benefit Study of Marine Protected Areas: Implications on Financing and Institutional Needs. Philippine Agricultural Scientist 92:153-169. 2009 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Fish; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Marine Protected Areas; Social Organizations
O'Garra, T. 2009. Bequest Values for Marine Resources: How Important for Indigenous Communities in Less-Developed Economies? Pages 24-Jan Environmental and Resource Economics. 2009 Fiji Finfish Harvest; Housing; Monetary Valuation; Textiles & Apparel; Valuation
Terry, J. P. and K. Khatri. 2009. People, pigs and pollution - Experiences with applying participatory learning and action (PLA) methodology to identify problems of pig-waste management at the village level in Fiji. Journal of Cleaner Production 17:1393-1400. 2009 Fiji Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Housing; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies
Robertson, D. R. and W. F. Smith-Vaniz. 2008. Rotenone: An essential but demonized tool for assessing marine fish diversity. Bioscience 58:165-170. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing Sector
De Mitcheson, Y. S., A. Cornish, M. Domeier, P. L. Colin, M. Russell, and K. C. Lindeman. 2008. A global baseline for spawning aggregations of reef fishes. Conservation Biology 22:1233-1244. 2008 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Piscivorous Fish
Barbour, M. T., N. L. Poff, R. H. Norris, and J. D. Allan. 2008. Perspective: communicating our science to influence public policy. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 27:562-569. 2008 Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Scientific Research
Kellner, J. B., R. M. Nisbet, and S. D. Gaines. 2008. Spillover from marine reserves related to mechanisms of population regulation. Theoretical Ecology 1:117-127. 2008 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting
Fairley, I. and M. A. Davidson. 2008. A two-dimensional wave flume investigation into the effect of multiple vertical steps on the form of breaking waves. Journal of Coastal Research 24:51-58. 2008 Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Granek, E. F., E. M. P. Madin, M. A. Brown, W. Figueira, D. S. Cameron, Z. Hogan, G. Kristianson, P. De Villiers, J. E. Williams, J. Post, S. Zahn, and R. Arlinghaus. 2008. Engaging recreational fishers in management and conservation: Global case studies. Conservation Biology 22:1125-1134. 2008 Global; Australia; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Grech, A. and H. Marsh. 2008. Rapid assessment of risks to a mobile marine mammal in an ecosystem-scale marine protected area. Conservation Biology 22:711-720. 2008 Australia Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Whales & Dolphins
Ettinger-Epstein, P., D. M. Tapiolas, C. A. Motti, A. D. Wright, C. N. Battershill, and R. De Nys. 2008. Production of manoalide and its analogues by the sponge Luffariella variabilis is hardwired. Marine Biotechnology 10:64-74. 2008 Australia Aquaculture; Sponges
Santos, L. N., F. G. Araujo, and D. S. Brotto. 2008. Artificial structures as tools for fish habitat rehabilitation in a neotropical reservoir. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:896-908. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species
Restrepo, J. D. 2008. Applicability of LOICZ catchment-coast continuum in a major Caribbean basin: The Magdalena River, Colombia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 77:214-229. 2008 South & Central America; Caribbean Agriculture; Discharges; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Selkoe, K. A., B. S. Halpern, and R. J. Toonen. 2008. Evaluating anthropogenic threats to the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:1149-1165. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Temperatures
Eckman, J. E., M. S. Andres, R. L. Marinelli, E. Bowlin, R. P. Reid, R. J. Aspden, and D. M. Paterson. 2008. Wave and sediment dynamics along a shallow subtidal sandy beach inhabited by modern stromatolites. Geobiology 6:21-32. 2008 Bahamas Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
Chandrasekaran, S., N. Arun Nagendran, D. Pandiaraja, N. Krishnankutty, and B. Kamalakannan. 2008. Bioinvasion of Kappaphycus alvarezii on corals in the Gulf of Mannar, India. Current Science 94:1167-1172. 2008 India Aquaculture; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Senft, G. 2008. Landscape terms and place names in the Trobriand Islands - the Kaile'una subset. Language Sciences 30:340-361. 2008 Papua New Guinea Housing
Guzman, H. M., R. Cipriani, and J. B. C. Jackson. 2008. Historical decline in coral reef growth after the Panama Canal. Ambio 37:342-346. 2008 South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral; Water
Siddiq, A. and V. Dembitsky. 2008. Acetylenic anticancer agents. Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 8:132-170. 2008 Review Algae; Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Tunicates
Stevely, J. and D. Sweat. 2008. Exploring the potential and protecting the resources: Florida's marine sponges. Sea Grant, Gainesville, FL. 2008 Florida Commercial Fisheries; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Invertebrate Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites; Sponges
White, I., T. Falkland, T. Metutera, M. Katatia, T. Abete-Reema, M. Overmars, P. Perez, and A. Dray. 2008. Safe water for people in low, small Island Pacific Nations: The rural-urban dilemma. Development 51:282-287. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Kiribati Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Water
Harborne, A. R., P. J. Mumby, C. V. Kappel, C. P. Dahlgren, F. Micheli, K. E. Holmes, J. N. Sanchirico, K. Broad, I. A. Elliott, and D. R. Brumbaugh. 2008. Reserve effects and natural variation in coral reef communities. Journal of Applied Ecology 45:1010-1018. 2008 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Octocoral; Piscivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Suchitra, K. and M. Wanapat. 2008. Study on ruminal degradability of local plants by using nylon bag technique. Livestock Research for Rural Development 20. 2008 Cuba; Java
Daley, B. and P. Griggs. 2008. 'Loved to death': Coral collecting in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, 1770-1970. Environment and History 14:89-119. 2008 Australia; Europe Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Protected Areas; Scientific Research; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Tourism & Recreation
Goffredo, S. and H. R. Lasker. 2008. An adaptive management approach to an octocoral fishery based on the Beverton-Holt model. Coral Reefs 27:751-761. 2008 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Simmons, T. L. and W. H. Gerwick. 2008. Anticancer drugs of marine origin. Pages 431-452 in P. J. Walsh, S. L. Smith, L. E. Fleming, H. M. Solo-Gabriele, and W. H Gerwick, editors. Oceans and human health. Risks and remedies from the seas. Academic Press, San Diego. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Udwary, D. W., J. A. Kalaitzis, and B. S. Moore. 2008. Emerging marine biotechnologies: cloning of marine biosynthetic gene clusters. Pages 507-524 in P. J. Walsh, S. L. Smith, L. E. Fleming, H. M. Solo-Gabriele, and W. H. Gerwick, editors. Oceans and human health: risks and remedies from the seas. Academic Press, San Diego. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. 2008 Puerto Rico Review; Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Improved Technology; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Webster, N. S., R. E. Cobb, and A. P. Negri. 2008. Temperature thresholds for bacterial symbiosis with a sponge. ISME Journal 2:830-842. 2008 Climate; Pathogens; Sponges
Prouty, N. G., K. A. Hughen, and J. Carilli. 2008. Geochemical signature of land-based activities in Caribbean coral surface samples. Coral Reefs 27:727-742. 2008 South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Caribbean Index or Indicator Agriculture; Coastal Development; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation
Bauer, L. J., M. S. Kendall, and C. F. G. Jeffrey. 2008. Incidence of marine debris and its relationships with benthic features in Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary, Southeast USA. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56:402-413. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring Boating Activities; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Marine Debris; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Hou, M.-C., L. Wan, and H. Fu. 2008. Study on the sedimentary environment of the Middle Ordovician Yijianfang Formation in the south of Tarim River area, Xinjiang, China. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science and Technology Edition) 35:601-609. 2008 China GIS & Maps Algae; Echinoderms; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Salinity; Sediment; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
McClanahan, T. R., C. C. Hicks, and E. S. Darling. 2008. Malthusian overfishing and efforts to overcome it on Kenyan coral reefs. Ecological Applications 18:1516-1529. 2008 Kenya Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Small Herbivorous Fish
Kendall, M. S., L. J. Bauer, and C. F. G. Jeffrey. 2008. Influence of benthic features and fishing pressure on size and distribution of three exploited reef fishes from the southeastern United States. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 137:1134-1146. 2008 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Williams, A. J., A. C. Ballagh, G. A. Begg, C. D. Murchie, and L. M. Currey. 2008. Harvest patterns and effort dynamics of indigenous and non-indigenous commercial sectors of the eastern Torres Strait reef line fishery. Continental Shelf Research 28:2117-2128. 2008 Australia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Lin, L.-B., H.-D. Chen, L.-D. Zhu, S.-L. Xu, Y. Hao, and Y.-J. Zhong. 2008. Sedimentary characteristics and sequence stratigraphy of the Middle-Upper Permian in Shizhu, Chongqing, China. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science and Technology Edition) 35:648-654. 2008 China Field Study & Monitoring Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment
Gaudron, S. M., S. A. Kohler, and C. Conand. 2008. Reproduction of the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota in the Western Indian Ocean: Biological and ecological aspects. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 51:19-31. 2008 Indian Ocean; India Index or Indicator Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Light
Aguirre-Macedo, M. L., V. M. Vidal-Martinez, J. A.Herrera-Silveira, D. S. Valdes-Lozano, M. Herrera-Rodriguez, and M. A. Olvera-Novoa. 2008. Ballast water as a vector of coral pathogens in the Gulf of Mexico: The case of the Cayo Arcas coral reef. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56:1570-1577. 2008 South & Central America; Mexico Index or Indicator Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Tankers; Pathogens; Plankton; Surface & Groundwater Flow
2008. DRAFT PROPOSED REVISIONS TO: U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS WATER QUALITY STANDARDS. Chapter 7. Water Pollution Control, Subchapter 186. Water Quality Standards for Waters of the Virgin Islands, US Virgin Islands. 2008 US Virgin Islands Index or Indicator Biocriteria; Designated Uses; Discharges; Irrigation; Mangroves; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Freire, K. M. F., V. Christensen, and D. Pauly. 2008. Description of the East Brazil Large Marine Ecosystem using a trophic model. Scientia Marina 72:477-491. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Plankton; Primary Production; Seagrasses; Whales & Dolphins
Vignon, M., P. Sasal, and R. Galzin. 2008. Host introduction and parasites: a case study on the parasite community of the peacock grouper Cephalopholis argus (Serranidae) in the Hawaiian Islands. Parasitology Research 8-Jan. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Tilot, V., W. Leujak, R. F. G. Ormond, J. A. Ashworth, and A. Mabrouk. 2008. Monitoring of South Sinai coral reefs: Influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:1109-1126. 2008 Egypt Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Seastars; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Singh, N., R. Kumar, S. Gupta, A. Dube, and V. Lakshmi. 2008. Antileishmanial activity in vitro and in vivo of constituents of sea cucumber Actinopyga lecanora. Parasitology Research 103:351-354. 2008 Echinoderms
Reimao, J. Q., A. E. Migotto, M. H. Kossuga, R. G. S. Berlinck, and A. G. Tempone. 2008. Antiprotozoan activity of Brazilian marine cnidarian extracts and of a modified steroid from the octocoral Carijoa riisei. Parasitology Research 103:1445-1450. 2008 Octocoral; Special Use Permitting
Riul, P., C. H. Targino, J. D. N. Farias, P. T. Visscher, and P. A. Horta. 2008. Decrease in Lithothamnion sp. (Rhodophyta) primary production due to the deposition of a thin sediment layer. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88:17-19. 2008 Oman; United Kingdom Agriculture; Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Coralline Algae; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Light; Primary Production; Sediment
Drew, C. A. and D. B. Eggleston. 2008. Juvenile fish densities in Florida Keys mangroves correlate with landscape characteristics. Marine Ecology Progress Series 362:233-243. 2008 Florida Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves
Sanderson, W. G., R. H. F. Holt, L. Kay, K. Ramsay, J. Perrins, A. J. Mcmath, and E. I. S. Rees. 2008. Small-scale variation within a Modiolus modiolus (Mollusca: Bivalvia) reef in the Irish Sea. II. Epifauna recorded by divers and cameras. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88:143-149. 2008 United Kingdom Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Molluscs; Sediment
Koener, R. M. and J. R. Koerner. 2008. Review and analysis of GRI-21 conference. Page 50 in Geosynthetics. 2008 South & Central America; Mexico Review Agriculture; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Domestic Animal Waste; Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Irion, J. B., D. Ball, and C. E. Horrell. 2008. The US government's role in deepwater archaeology: The deep gulf Wrecks project. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 12:75-81. 2008 South & Central America; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring; Remote Sensing Artificial Habitat; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Educational & Research Opportunities; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
Rudershausen, P. J., E. H. Williams, J. A. Buckel, J. C. Potts, and C. S. Manooch III. 2008. Comparison of reef fish catch per unit effort and total mortality between the 1970s and 2005-2006 in Onslow Bay, North Carolina. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 137:1389-1405. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Piscivorous Fish
The Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre. 2008. Position analysis: CO2 emissions and climate change: ocean impacts and adaptation issues. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Indian Ocean; India Climate; CO2; Fishing Sector; Ocean Acidity
Eggleston, D. B., D. M. Parsons, G. T. Kellison, G. R. Plaia, and E. G. Johnson. 2008. Functional response of sport divers to lobsters with application to fisheries management. Ecological Applications 18:258-272. 2008 South & Central America; Florida; Cuba; Caribbean Index or Indicator Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Craig, P., A. Green, and F. Tuilagi. 2008. Subsistence harvest of coral reef resources in the outer islands of American Samoa: Modern, historic and prehistoric catches. Fisheries Research 89:230-240. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Samoa; American Samoa Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Dowling, N. A., D. C. Smith, I. Knuckey, A. D. M. Smith, P. Domaschenz, H. M. Patterson, and W. Whitelaw. 2008. Developing harvest strategies for low-value and data-poor fisheries: Case studies from three Australian fisheries. Fisheries Research 94:380-390. 2008 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Cuong, N. X., T. A. Tuan, P. Van Kiem, C. Van Minh, E. M. Choi, and Y. H. Kim. 2008. New cembranoid diterpenes from the Vietnamese soft coral Sarcophyton mililatensis stimulate osteoblastic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Cells. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 56:988-992. 2008 Japan; Vietnam Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Pelletier, D., J. Claudet, J. Ferraris, L. Benedetti-Cecchi, and J. Antonio Garc�a-Charton. 2008. Models and indicators for assessing conservation and fisheries-related effects of marine protected areas. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65:765-779. 2008 Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Xu, W.-H., S.-H. Yang, and F. Geiger. 2008. Influence of vascular endothelial growth factor on osteogenesis of coral bone substitute. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:8029-8032. 2008 Germany Lab Study; Model Medical Centers
Bellquist, L. F., C. G. Lowe, and J. E. Caselle. 2008. Fine-scale movement patterns, site fidelity, and habitat selection of ocean whitefish (Caulolatilus princeps). Fisheries Research 91:325-335. 2008 GIS & Maps Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Yuan, N., W. Tian, D.-F. Chen, Y.-G. Xing, D. He, D.-F. Chen, L. Sun, and Z.-Z. Gao. 2008. Degradation of degradable coral-hydroxyapatite after implanted into rabbit and its effect on bone healing. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:9614-9618. 2008 Medical Centers; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Zhang, H.-T., K. Liu, D.-Z. Cai, and Y.-J. Zeng. 2008. Effect of coral hydroxyapatite on the osteogenic property of platelet-rich plasma-induced human bone marrow stromal stem cells. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:8815-8818. 2008 Lab Study Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zheng, J., L.-J. Jiang, X.-Z. Wu, W.-G. Li, and D.-G. Liu. 2008. Platelet-rich plasma combined with Porites for repairing rabbit mandibular defects. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:2619-2622. 2008 Lab Study Medical Centers; Stony Coral
Labonne, M., E. Morize, M. Kulbicki, D. Ponton, and L. Marec. 2008. Otolith chemical signature and growth of Chaetodon speculum in coastal areas of New Caledonia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 78:493-504. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia Review; Index or Indicator Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Mining
Whiteley, R. J. and S. B. Stewart. 2008. Case studies of shallow marine investigations in Australia with advanced underwater seismic refraction (USR). Exploration Geophysics 39:34-40. 2008 Australia Model Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Infrastructure; Pipelines; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Timm, J. and M. Kochzius. 2008. Geological history and oceanography of the Indo-Malay Archipelago shape the genetic population structure in the false clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris). Molecular Ecology 17:3999-4014. 2008 Southeast Asia; Indonesia Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Plankton; Water Depth & Sea Level
Ellis, N., F. Pantus, A. Welna, and A. Butler. 2008. Evaluating ecosystem-based management options: Effects of trawling in Torres Strait, Australia. Continental Shelf Research 28:2324-2338. 2008 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Garren, M., S. Smriga, and F. Azam. 2008. Gradients of coastal fish farm effluents and their effect on coral reef microbes. Environmental Microbiology 10:2299-2312. 2008 Philippines Aquaculture; Microorganisms; Nutrients
Slobbe, L., P. J. J. van Genderen, and P. J. Wismans. 2008. Two patients with ciguatera toxicity: A seafood poisoning in travellers to (sub) tropical areas. Netherlands Journal of Medicine 66:389-391. 2008 Fish; Pathogens; Tourism & Recreation
Clemencic, M. 2008. LHCb distributed conditions database. in Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools
Clynick, B. G., C. W. McKindsey, and P. Archambault. 2008. Distribution and productivity of fish and macroinvertebrates in mussel aquaculture sites in the Magdalen islands (Quebec, Canada). Aquaculture 283:203-210. 2008 Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Seagrasses
[No author name available]. 2008. Coastal Environment 2008: Environmental Problems in Coastal Regions, CENV 08. in WIT Transactions on the Built Environment. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Artificial Habitat; Boating Activities; Climate; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Petroleum Spills; Plankton; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Aubrecht, C., C. D. Elvidge, T. Longcore, C. Rich, J. Safran, A. E. Strong, C. M. Eakin, K. E. Baugh, B. T. Tuttle, A. T. Howard, and E. H. Erwin. 2008. A global inventory of coral reef stressors based on satellite observed nighttime lights. Geocarto International 23:467-479. 2008 Global Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest; Small Boats
Lampert, Y., D. Kelman, Y. Nitzan, Z. Dubinsky, A. Behar, and R. T. Hill. 2008. Phylogenetic diversity of bacteria associated with the mucus of Red Sea corals. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 64:187-198. 2008 Europe Microorganisms; Ports & Harbors; Stony Coral; Substrate
Rosenthal, J. H. 2008. Renovascular hypertension - Drug or invasive therapy? [Renovaskulare hypertonie - Medikamentos oder invasiv therapieren?]. Nieren- und Hochdruckkrankheiten 37:158-163. 2008 Invasive Species
Sandin, S. A., E. M. Sampayo, and M. J. A. Vermeij. 2008. Coral reef fish and benthic community structure of bonaire and Curacao, Netherlands Antilles. Caribbean Journal of Science 44:137-144. 2008 Global; South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Small Herbivorous Fish; Turf Algae
Raes, M., W. Decraemer, and A. Vanreusel. 2008. Walking with worms: Coral-associated epifaunal nematodes. Journal of Biogeography 35:2207-2222. 2008 Indian Ocean; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Kenya; India Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Petrov, P., P. Mokreva, C. B. Tsvetanov, and L. Terlemezyan. 2008. Colloidal aqueous dispersion of polyaniline nanotubes grafted non-covalently with poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(acrylic acid) copolymer. Colloid and Polymer Science 286:691-697. 2008 Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Payne, M. S., L. Hoj, M. Wietz, M. R. Hall, L. Sly, and D. G. Bourne. 2008. Microbial diversity of mid-stage Palinurid phyllosoma from Great Barrier Reef waters. Journal of Applied Microbiology 105:340-350. 2008 Australia Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pathogens
Reynaud, Y., D. Saulnier, D. Mazel, C. Goarant, and F. Le Roux. 2008. Correlation between detection of a plasmid and high-level virulence of Vibrio nigripulchritudo, a pathogen of the shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74:3038-3047. 2008 New Caledonia Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pathogens
Lokrantz, J., M. Nystrom, M. Thyresson, and C. Johansson. 2008. The non-linear relationship between body size and function in parrotfishes. Coral Reefs 27:967-974. 2008 Tanzania Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish
Kislig, R. E. and J. H. Quilliam. 2008. Comprehensive report on airflow resistance of No. 1 shaft, Vaal Reefs Exploration and Mining Company. Journal of the Mine Ventilation Society of South Africa 61:16-25. 2008 Review; Model Mining; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Haywood, M. D. E., C. R. Pitcher, N. Ellis, T. J. Wassenberg, G. Smith, K. Forcey, I. McLeod, A. Carter, C. Strickland, and R. Coles. 2008. Mapping and characterisation of the inter-reefal benthic assemblages of the Torres Strait. Continental Shelf Research 28:2304-2316. 2008 Australia GIS & Maps Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector; Sediment; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
de Paula Silva, P. H., S. McBride, R. de Nys, and N. A. Paul. 2008. Integrating filamentous 'green tide' algae into tropical pond-based aquaculture. Aquaculture 284:74-80. 2008 Australia Algae; Aquaculture; Nutrients; Remediation; Salinity; Special Use Permitting
Wilson, S. K., R. Fisher, M. S. Pratchett, N. A. J. Graham, N. K. Dulvy, R. A. Turner, A. Cakacaka, N. V. C. Polunin, and S. P. Rushton. 2008. Exploitation and habitat degradation as agents of change within coral reef fish communities. Global Change Biology 14:2796-2809. 2008 Global; Fiji Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Speed, C. W., M. G. Meekan, D. Rowat, S. J. Pierce, A. D. Marshall, and C. J. A. Bradshaw. 2008. Scarring patterns and relative mortality rates of Indian Ocean whale sharks. Journal of Fish Biology 72:1488-1503. 2008 Australia; Indian Ocean; Mozambique; Seychelles; India Apex Fish Predators; Boating Regulations
Danovaro, R., L. Bongiorni, C. Corinaldesi, D. Giovannelli, E. Damiani, P. Astolfi, L. Greci, and A. Pusceddu. 2008. Sunscreens cause coral bleaching by promoting viral infections. Environmental Health Perspectives 116:441-447. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); India; Pacific Ocean Lab Study Algae; Light; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Sunscreen Use; Tourism & Recreation; Zooxanthellae
Shcherbina, A. Y., G. G. Gawarkiewicz, C. A. Linder, and S. R. Thorrold. 2008. Mapping bathymetric and hydrographic features of Glover's Reef, Belize, with a REMUS autonomous underwater vehicle. Limnology and Oceanography 53:2264-2272. 2008 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Infrastructure; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish
Dryden, J., A. Grech, J. Moloney, and M. Hamann. 2008. Rezoning of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area: Does it afford greater protection for marine turtles? Wildlife Research 35:477-485. 2008 Australia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Turtles; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Alcicek, M. C. and J. H. ten Veen. 2008. The late Early Miocene Aci{dotless}payam piggy-back basin: Refining the last stages of Lycian nappe emplacement in SW Turkey. Sedimentary Geology 208:101-113. 2008 Model Coal Mining; Sediment
Sumpton, W., D. Mayer, I. Brown, B. Sawynok, M. McLennan, A. Butcher, and J. Kirkwood. 2008. Investigation of movement and factors influencing post-release survival of line-caught coral reef fish using recreational tag-recapture data. Fisheries Research 92:189-195. 2008 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Chiou, C.-Y., I.-P. Chen, C. Chen, H.J.-L. Wu, N. V. Wei, C. C. Wallace, and C. A. Chen. 2008. Analysis of Acropora muricata calmodulin (CaM) indicates that scleractinian corals possess the ancestral exon/intron organization of the eumetazoan CaM gene. Journal of Molecular Evolution 66:317-324. 2008 Stony Coral
Mortensen, P. B., L. Buhl-Mortensen, A. V. Gebruk, and E. M. Krylova. 2008. Occurrence of deep-water corals on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge based on MAR-ECO data. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 55:142-152. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Bivalves; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octocoral; Sponges
Cochard, R., S. L. Ranamukhaarachchi, G. P. Shivakoti, O. V. Shipin, P. J. Edwards, and K. T. Seeland. 2008. The 2004 tsunami in Aceh and Southern Thailand: A review on coastal ecosystems, wave hazards and vulnerability. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 10:3-40. 2008 Thailand Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Agriculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Infrastructure; Mangroves; Mitigation; Seagrasses; Seawater Flow; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes
Nakajima, K. and I. Takeuchi. 2008. Rearing method for Caprella mutica (Malacostraca: Amphipoda) in an exhibition tank in the Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium, with notes on reproductive biology. Journal of Crustacean Biology 28:171-174. 2008 Japan Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Gavella, N. 2008. On the acquisition of ownership by appropriation of sea fish and other sea organisms [O stjecanju vlasništva prisvajanjem morskih riba i drugih morskih organizama]. Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu 58:113-134. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Designate Protected Species; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Chockley, B. R., C. M. St Mary, and C. W. Osenberg. 2008. Population sinks in the Upper Florida Keys: The importance of demographic variation in population dynamics of the marine shrimp Stenopus hispidus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 360:135-145. 2008 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Artificial Habitat; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Morris Jr., J. A., T. C. Rezek, N. A. McNeill, and W. O. Watanabe. 2008. Aquaculture of the Atlantic red porgy. North American Journal of Aquaculture 70:184-191. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Aquaculture; Fish
Shertzer, K. W. and E. H. Williams. 2008. Fish assemblages and indicator species: Reef fishes off the southeastern United States. Fishery Bulletin 106:257-269. 2008 Index or Indicator Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Boyer, C. R., G. B. Fain, C. H. Gilliam, T. V. Gallagher, H. A. Torbert, and J. L. Sibley. 2008. Clean chip residual: A substrate component for growing annuals. HortTechnology 18:423-432. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii Lab Study; Index or Indicator Agriculture; Forestry; Nutrients; Substrate
Jimenez-Badillo, L. 2008. Management challenges of small-scale fishing communities in a protected reef system of Veracruz, Gulf of Mexico. Fisheries Management and Ecology 15:19-26. 2008 South & Central America; Mexico Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Schools & Colleges; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Tamrakar, A. K., P. Tiwari, R. Ahmad, R. Kumar, V. Lakshmi, M. N. Srivastava, and A. K. Srivastava. 2008. Antihyperglycaemic activity of Sinularia firma and Sinularia erecta in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pages 62-73 in Medicinal Chemistry Research. 2008 Octocoral
Pares-Ramos, I., W. A. Gould, and T. M. Aide. 2008. Suburban growth and forest expansion following agricultural abandonment in Puerto Rico (1991-2000). Pages 1-24 in Berlin Conference "Long-Term Policies: Governing Social-Ecological Change" International Conference of the Social-Ecological Research. Berlin, (Germany). 2008 Global; Puerto Rico Agriculture; Housing; Manufacturing & Trade
Maier, W. D. and S.-J. Barnes. 2008. Platinum-group elements in the UG1 and UG2 chromitites, and the Bastard reef, at Impala platinum mine, western Bushveld Complex, South Africa: Evidence for late magmatic cumulate instability and reef constitution. South African Journal of Geology 111:159-176. 2008 South Africa Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining
Kusek, K. M. 2008. Coral catastrophe on the corner rise seamounts: Fishing trawlers likely caused extensive damage to deep-sea coral communities. Oceanus 46. 2008 Finfish Harvest
Chang, Y.-C., M.-T. Lee, and K.-C. Lai. 2008. Web-based information management system for the Long Term Ecological Research program in kenting, Taiwan. Journal of Marine Science and Technology 16:174-181. 2008 Taiwan GIS & Maps Collaboration & Partnering; Housing; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing
Omori, M., K. Iwao, and M. Tamura. 2008. Growth of transplanted Acropora tenuis 2 years after egg culture. Coral Reefs 27:165. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Gunawan, P. and R. Xu. 2008. Synthesis of unusual coral-like layered double hydroxide microspheres in a nonaqueous polar solvent/surfactant system. Journal of Materials Chemistry 18:2112-2120. 2008
Ainsworth, C. H., D. A. Varkey, and T. J. Pitcher. 2008. Ecosystem simulations supporting ecosystem-based fisheries management in the Coral Triangle, Indonesia. Ecological Modelling 214:361-374. 2008 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Climate; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Schueth, J. D. and T. D. Frank. 2008. Reef foraminifera as bioindicators of coral reef health: Low Isles Reef, Northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 38:22-Nov. 2008 South & Central America; Australia; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Agriculture; Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Nutrients; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Lafferty, K. D., J. C. Shaw, and A. M. Kuris. 2008. Reef fishes have higher parasite richness at unfished palmyra atoll compared to fished kiritimati island. EcoHealth 5:338-345. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Palmyra Atoll Apex Fish Predators; Arthropods; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Worms; Small Herbivorous Fish
Morrison, K., P. Aguiar Prieto, A. Castro Dominguez, D. Waltner-Toews, and J. Fitzgibbon. 2008. Ciguatera fish poisoning in la Habana, Cuba: A study of local social-ecological resilience. EcoHealth 5:346-359. 2008 Cuba Finfish Harvest; Fish
Harborne, A. R., P. J. Mumby, C. V. Kappel, C. P. Dahlgren, F. Micheli, K. E. Holmes, and D. R. Brumbaugh. 2008. Tropical coastal habitats as surrogates of fish community structure, grazing, and fisheries value. Ecological Applications 18:1689-1701. 2008 South & Central America; Caribbean GIS & Maps Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Burke, L., S. Greenhalgh, D. Prager, and E. Cooper. 2008. Coastal capital -- economic valuation of coral reefs in Tobago and St. Lucia. World Resources Institute, Washington, D.C. 2008 South & Central America; St. Lucia; Tobago; Caribbean Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector; Monetary Valuation; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation
Leitao, F., M. N. Santos, K. Erzini, and C. C. Monteiro. 2008. The effect of predation on artificial reef juvenile demersal fish species. Marine Biology 153:1233-1244. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Banerjee, P., D. Sarwade, and V. S. Singh. 2008. Characterization of an island aquifer from tidal response. Environmental Geology 55:901-906. 2008 Drinking Water Supply; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Vignon, M., F. Morat, R. Galzin, and P. Sasal. 2008. Evidence for spatial limitation of the bluestripe snapper Lutjanus kasmira in French Polynesia from parasite and otolith shape analysis. Journal of Fish Biology 73:2305-2320. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Kumar, A., P. Seralathan, and K. S. Jayappa. 2008. Distribution of coastal cliffs in Kerala, India: their mechanisms of failure and related human engineering response. Environmental Geology 18-Jan. 2008 India Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection
Jackson, J. B. C. 2008. Ecological extinction and evolution in the brave new ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:11458-11465. 2008 Global Agriculture; Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens
Sumiya, Y., S. Morita, Y. Nishida, H. Sakaki, M. Tsushima, W. Miki, J. Tanangonan, A. Sawabe, Y. Sakagami, and S. Komemushi. 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of carotenoid-producing marine microorganisms around the coral reefs of the Kerama Islands of Okinawa. Biocontrol Science 13:17-22. 2008 Microorganisms
Edgar, G. J., S. Banks, R. Bensted-Smith, M. Calvopina, A. Chiriboga, L. E. Garske, S. Henderson, K. A. Miller, and S. Salazar. 2008. Conservation of threatened species in the Galapagos Marine Reserve through identification and protection of marine key biodiversity areas. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:955-968. 2008 Global Algae; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Molluscs; Tourism & Recreation
Gao, Q.-F., P. K. S. Shin, W. Z. Xu, and S. G. Cheung. 2008. Amelioration of marine farming impact on the benthic environment using artificial reefs as biofilters. Marine Pollution Bulletin 57:652-661. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Nutrients; Sediment
Tsehaye, I. and L. A. J. Nagelkerke. 2008. Exploring optimal fishing scenarios for the multispecies artisanal fisheries of Eritrea using a trophic model. Ecological Modelling 212:319-333. 2008 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Zhang, J., J. Guo, S. Li, B. Song, and K. Yao. 2008. Synthesis of β-tricalcium phosphate using sol-gel self-propagating combustion method. Frontiers of Chemistry in China 3:451-453. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Lough, J. M. 2008. 10th Anniversary Review: A changing climate for coral reefs. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 10:21-29. 2008 Global Review Climate; CO2; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Housing; Mitigation
Asafu-Adjaye, J. and S. Tapsuwan. 2008. A contingent valuation study of scuba diving benefits: Case study in Mu Ko Similan Marine National Park, Thailand. Tourism Management 29:1122-1130. 2008 Cuba; Thailand Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation
Jensen, S., J. D. Neufeld, N.-K. Birkeland, M. Hovland, and J. C. Murrell. 2008. Insight into the microbial community structure of a Norwegian deep-water coral reef environment. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 55:1554-1563. 2008 Australia; Norway Plankton; Sediment; Sponges
Lucieer, V. and H. Pederson. 2008. Linking morphometric characterisation of rocky reef with fine scale lobster movement. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 63:496-509. 2008 Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas
Dixson, D. L., G. P. Jones, P. L. Munday, S. Planes, M. S. Pratchett, M. Srinivasan, C. Syms, and S. R. Thorrold. 2008. Coral reef fish smell leaves to find island homes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 275:2831-2839. 2008 Papua New Guinea Lab Study Anemones & Zooanthids; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Housing
Cleary, D. F. R., L. De Vantier, Giyanto, L. Vail, P. Manto, N. J. De Voogd, P. G. Rachello-Dolmen, Y. Tuti, A. Budiyanto, J. Wolstenholme, B. W. Hoeksema, and Suharsono. 2008. Relating variation in species composition to environmental variables: A multi-taxon study in an Indonesian coral reef complex. Aquatic Science 70:419-431. 2008 Java; Indonesia Complex Habitat & Resources; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Stony Coral
Taggart, S. J., J. Mondragon, A. G. Andrews, and J. K. Nielsen. 2008. Spatial patterns and movements of red king and Tanner crabs: Implications for the design of marine protected areas. Marine Ecology Progress Series 365:151-163. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas
Changyun, W., L. Haiyan, S. Changlun, W. Yanan, L. Liang, and G. Huashi. 2008. Chemical defensive substances of soft corals and gorgonians. Acta Ecologica Sinica 28:2320-2328. 2008 China Review Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Patterson, H. M. and S. E. Swearer. 2008. Origin of yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi, from Lord Howe Island, Australia, inferred from otolith chemistry. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 42:409-416. 2008 Australia Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Jupiter, S., G. Roff, G. Marion, M. Henderson, V. Schrameyer, M. McCulloch, and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. 2008. Linkages between coral assemblages and coral proxies of terrestrial exposure along a cross-shelf gradient on the southern Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 27:887-903. 2008 Australia Agriculture; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fleshy Macroalgae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Octocoral; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Mills, D. J., C. R. Johnson, and C. Gardner. 2008. Bias in lobster tethering experiments conducted for selecting low-predation release sites. Marine Ecology Progress Series 364:13-Jan. 2008 Australia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Planktivorous Fish
Fallon, S. J. and T. P. Guilderson. 2008. Surface water processes in the Indonesian throughflow as documented by a high-resolution coral Δ14C record. Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans 113. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Marshall Islands; Indonesia Surface & Groundwater Flow
Allen, T. and R. Southwick. 2008. Sportfishing in America: an economic engine and conservation powerhouse. American Sportfishing Association. 2008 Finfish Harvest; Manufacturing & Trade; Medical Centers; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Aydin, N. 2008. The need for tourism satellite account: a florida case study: more basic estimating methods reach only the tip of the iceberg. Applied Research in Economic Development 5:37-47. 2008 Florida Model Tourism & Recreation
Auster, P. J. 2008. Predation tactics of trumpetfish in midwater. Neotropical Ichthyology 6:289-292. 2008 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Fish
Schwarz, J. A., P. B. Brokstein, C. Voolstra, A. Y. Terry, D. J. Miller, A. M. Szmant, M. A. Coffroth, and M. Medina. 2008. Coral life history and symbiosis: functional genomic resources for two reef building Caribbean corals, Acropora palmata and Montastraea faveolata. BMC Genomics 9:97. 2008 South & Central America; Caribbean Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral
Prescott, R. and R. Cudney-Bueno. 2008. Mobile 'reefs' in the northeastern Gulf of California: Aggregations of black murex snails Hexaplex nigritus as habitat for invertebrates. Marine Ecology Progress Series 367:185-192. 2008 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Invertebrates; Snails & Conch; Substrate
Di Iulio Ilarri, M., A. T. De Souza, P. R. De Medeiros, R. G. Grempel, and I. M. De Lucena Rosa. 2008. Effects of tourist visitation and supplementary feeding on fish assemblage composition on a tropical reef in the Southwestern Atlantic. Neotropical Ichthyology 6:651-656. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Calhoun, R. S. and M. E. Field. 2008. Sand composition and transport history on a fringing coral reef, Molokai, Hawaii. Journal of Coastal Research 24:1151-1160. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Calcareous Macroalgae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Coralline Algae; Molluscs; Sediment
Wernberg, T., M. White, and M. A. Vanderklift. 2008. Population structure of turbinid gastropods on wave-exposed subtidal reefs: Effects of density, body size and algae on grazing behaviour. Marine Ecology Progress Series 362:169-179. 2008 Australia Algae; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients
Pyle, R. L., J. L. Earle, and B. D. Greene. 2008. Five new species of the damselfish genus Chromis (Perciformes: Labroidei: Pomacentridae) from deep coral reefs in the tropical western Pacific. Zootaxa 31-Mar. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Palau; Vanuatu; Fiji Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Internet & Telecommunications; Small Herbivorous Fish
Kench, P. S., S. L. Nichol, S. G. Smithers, R. F. McLean, and R. W. Brander. 2008. Tsunami as agents of geomorphic change in mid-ocean reef islands. Geomorphology 95:361-383. 2008 Indian Ocean; Maldives; India Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Vandersea, M. W., R. W. Litaker, K. E. Marancik, J. A. Hare, H. J. Walsh, S. Lem, M. A. West, D. M. Wyanski, E. H. Laban, and P. A. Tester. 2008. Identification of larval sea basses (Centropristis spp.) using ribosomal DNA-specific molecular assays. Fishery Bulletin 106:183-193. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Fishing Sector
Li, Y., A. M. Sierra, H.-W. Ai, and R. E. Campbell. 2008. Identification of sites within a monomeric red fluorescent protein that tolerate peptide insertion and testing of corresponding circular permutations. Photochemistry and Photobiology 84:111-119. 2008
Fisher, J. B., R. Nawaz, R. Fauzi, F. Nawaz, E. S. Said Md. Sadek, Z. Abd. Latif, and M. Blackett. 2008. Balancing water, religion and tourism on Redang Island, Malaysia. Environmental Research Letters 3:1-6. 2008 Malaysia Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Hotel & Food Services; Marine Protected Areas; Schools & Colleges; Tourism & Recreation
Mangano, C., F. Mangano, A. Piattelli, A. Macchi, A. Mangano, and L. La Colla. 2008. Bone tissue engineering vs porous hydroxyapatite in maxillary sinus lift [Osso ingegnerizzato versus idrossiapatite porosa nel rialzo del seno mascellare]. Italian Oral Surgery 7:45-59. 2008 Germany Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Schroder, P., R. Herzig, B. Bojinov, A. Ruttens, E. Nehnevajova, S. Stamatiadis, A. Memon, A. Vassilev, M. Caviezel, and J. Vangronsveld. 2008. Bioenergy to save the world: Producing novel energy plants for growth on abandoned land. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 15:196-204. 2008 Global; Europe Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Climate; CO2; Domestic Animal Waste; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Nutrients; Water Depth & Sea Level
Prince, J. D., H. Peeters, H. Gorfine, and R. W. Day. 2008. The novel use of harvest policies and rapid visual assessment to manage spatially complex abalone resources (Genus Haliotis). Fisheries Research 94:330-338. 2008 Australia Model; Index or Indicator Corporate Responses; Fishing Sector
Rabaut, M., U. Braeckman, F. Hendrickx, M. Vincx, and S. Degraer. 2008. Experimental beam-trawling in Lanice conchilega reefs: Impact on the associated fauna. Fisheries Research 90:209-216. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Marine Worms; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Verweij, M. C., I. Nagelkerken, I. Hans, S. M. Ruseler, and P. R. D. Mason. 2008. Seagrass nurseries contribute to coral reef fish populations. Limnology and Oceanography 53:1540-1547. 2008 South & Central America; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2008. Chapter 13, Part 650. Wetland Restoration, Enhancement or Creation. Engineering Field Handbook. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Military; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands
Puerto Rico and USVI Area Planning Committees. 2008. Hazardous Substances Pollution Area Contingency Plan. Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin islands. 2008 US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico Discharges; Petroleum Spills
Venerus, L. A., A. M. Parma, and D. E. Galvan. 2008. Annual occupation pattern of temperate rocky reefs by the Argentine sandperch Pseudopercis semifasciata in San Jose Gulf Marine Park, Argentina. Fisheries Management and Ecology 15:217-229. 2008 Model Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Maynard, J. A., A. H. Baird, and M. S. Pratchett. 2008. Revisiting the Cassandra syndrome; the changing climate of coral reef research. Coral Reefs 27:745-749. 2008 Climate; Fishing Sector; Ocean Acidity
Water Environment Servicves. 2008. Three Creeks Restoration. 2008 Invasive Species; Littering; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands
Shiell, G. R. and B. Knott. 2008. Diurnal observations of sheltering behaviour in the coral reef sea cucumber Holothuria whitmaei. Fisheries Research 91:112-117. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Indian Ocean; India Echinoderms; Fish; Fishing Sector
McClanahan, T. R. and J. E. Cinner. 2008. A framework for adaptive gear and ecosystem-based management in the artisanal coral reef fishery of Papua New Guinea. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:493-507. 2008 Papua New Guinea Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Small Herbivorous Fish
Cooper, E., L. Burke, and N. Bood. 2008. Coastal capital: Belize, the economic contribution of Belize�s coral reefs and mangroves. World Resources Institute, Washington, D.C. 2008 South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Mexico Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Slingerland, R., R. W. Selover, A. S. Ogston, T. R. Keen, N. W. Driscoll, and J. D. Milliman. 2008. Building the Holocene clinothem in the Gulf of Papua: An ocean circulation study. Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface 113. 2008 Model Coastal Defense; Military; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Goeldner, C. R. and J. R. B. Ritchie. 2008. Tourism: principles, practices, philosophies, 11th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. 2008 Tourism & Recreation
Cassata, L. and L. B. Collins. 2008. Coral reef communities, habitats, and substrates in and near sanctuary zones of Ningaloo Marine Park. Journal of Coastal Research 24:139-151. 2008 Global; Australia Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Protected Areas; Octocoral; Shoreline Protection; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Leticia, A.-G. and G.-B. Gerardo. 2008. Determination of esterase activity and characterization of cholinesterases in the reef fish Haemulon plumieri. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 71:787-797. 2008 South & Central America; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Agriculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish
Feitosa, C. V., B. P. Ferreira, and M. Elisabeth De Araujo. 2008. A rapid new method for assessing sustainability of ornamental fish by-catch from coral reefs. Marine and Freshwater Research 59:1092-1100. 2008 Index or Indicator Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish
Daley, B., P. Griggs, and H. Marsh. 2008. Exploiting marine wildlife in Queensland: The commercial dugong and marine turtle fisheries, 1847-1969. Australian Economic History Review 48:227-265. 2008 Australia; Europe Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Sea Turtles
Choate, A., J. Cohen, P. Groth, D. M. Theobald, B. Bierwagen, J. Thomas, and C. Pyke. 2008. Preliminary Steps towards Integrating Climate and Land Use: The Development of Land-Use Scenarios Consistent with Climate Change Emissions Storylines. Global Change Research Program, National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; EPA/600/R-08/076A, Washington DC. 2008 Global Model; GIS & Maps Climate; Housing; Impervious Surfaces; Landscape Changes
Dupont, J. M. 2008. Artificial reefs as restoration tools: A case study on the West Florida shelf. Coastal Management 36:495-507. 2008 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Fish; Mitigation; Pipelines
NOAA; The Nature Conservancy. 2008. Creosote Assessment in Puget Sound Beaches. NOAA. 2008 Beaches & Nature Parks; Collaboration & Partnering; Docks & Marinas; Sediment
Hasler, H. and J. A. Ott. 2008. Diving down the reefs? Intensive diving tourism threatens the reefs of the northern Red Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56:1788-1794. 2008 Cuba; Egypt Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fish; Recreational Opportunities; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Pennisi, E. 2008. Museums: Smithsonian takes the plunge with ocean exhibit. Science 321:1617. 2008 Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites
Jankun, J., T. Doerks, A. M. Aleem, W. Lysiak-Szydlowska, and E. Skrzypczak-Jankun. 2008. Do Human lipoxygenases have a PDZ regulatory domain? Current Molecular Medicine 8:768-773. 2008 Review Pathogens; Special Use Permitting
Lev, E. and Z. Amar. 2008. \Fossils\" of practical medical knowledge from medieval Cairo". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 119:24-40. 2008 Educational & Research Opportunities; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Newell, C. 2008. USS Kitty Hawk docks after final voyage. Jane's Defence Weekly. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan Artificial Habitat; Coastal Defense; Docks & Marinas; Large Ships; Military; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites
Alkendi, M. Y. and M. Chandler. 2008. A successful stakeholder partnership - The Dolphin Energy experience coral reef habitats of the Arabian Gulf. Pages 2039-2047 in Society of Petroleum Engineers - 9th International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production 2008 - \In Search of Sustainable Excellence\"". 2008 Global; Qatar GIS & Maps Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Cultural Policies; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Resource Use Management; Whales & Dolphins
D'Entremont, A., J. Kaariainen, and K. Baker. 2008. SERPENT of the Deep - Research, monitoring and partnerships for a deepwater well off atlantic canada. Pages 1493-1500 in Society of Petroleum Engineers - 9th International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production 2008 - \In Search of Sustainable Excellence\"". 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Schools & Colleges; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Kracker, L., M. Kendall, and G. McFall. 2008. Benthic features as a determinant for fish biomass in Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary. Marine Geodesy 31:267-280. 2008 GIS & Maps Fish; Fishing Sector
Korzeniewski, K. 2008. Land and marine fauna constituting a threat for recreational divers in the tropics [Fauna morska i ladowa stanowiaca zagrożenie dla nurkujacych rekreacyjnie w tropiku]. Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski 25:294-297. 2008 Anemones & Zooanthids; Apex Fish Predators; Arthropods; Climate; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Hawdon, A. A., R. J. Keen, D. A. Post, and S. N. Wilkinson. 2008. Hydrological recovery of rangeland following cattle exclusion. IAHS-AISH Publication 532-539. 2008 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 2008. Fisheries of the United States 2007. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2008 Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Cunha, E. A., R. A. A. Carvalho, C. Monteiro-Neto, L. E. S. Moraes, and M. E. Araujo. 2008. Comparative analysis of tidepool fish species composition on tropical coastal rocky reefs at State of Ceara, Brazil. Iheringia - Serie Zoologia 98:379-390. 2008 Beaches & Nature Parks; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Monteiro-Neto, C., R. A. Tubino, L. E. S. Moraes, J. P. De Mendonca Neto, G. V. Esteves, and W. L. Fortes. 2008. Associations of fishes in the coastal region of Itaipu, Niteroi [Associacões de peixes na região costeira de Itaipu, Niteroi, RJ]. Iheringia - Serie Zoologia 98:50-59. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector
Mellin, C., J. Ferraris, R. Galzin, M. Harmelin-Vivien, M. Kulbicki, and T. L. de Loma. 2008. Natural and anthropogenic influences on the diversity structure of reef fish communities in the Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia). Ecological Modelling 218:182-187. 2008 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish
Addison, P. F. E., R. S. Koss, and T. D. O'Hara. 2008. Recreational use of a rocky intertidal reef in Victoria: Implications for ecological research and management. Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 15:169-179. 2008 Australia Complex Habitat & Resources; Environmental Education & Outreach; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Welch, D. J., B. D. Mapstone, and G. A. Begg. 2008. Spatial and temporal variation and effects of changes in management in discard rates from the commercial reef line fishery of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Fisheries Research 90:247-260. 2008 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Morton, J. K., M. E. Platell, and W. Gladstone. 2008. Differences in feeding ecology among three co-occurring species of wrasse (Teleostei: Labridae) on rocky reefs of temperate Australia. Marine Biology 154:577-592. 2008 Australia; Cuba Bivalves; Complex Habitat & Resources; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Special Use Permitting
Holt, G. E., J. L. Halpern, C. C. Lynch, C. J. Devin, and H. S. Schwartz. 2008. Imaging analysis of the in vivo bioreactor: A preliminary study. Pages 1890-1896 in Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 2008 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Jones, A. M., S. Gardner, and W. Sinclair. 2008. Losing 'Nemo': Bleaching and collection appear to reduce inshore populations of anemonefishes. Journal of Fish Biology 73:753-761. 2008 Australia Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Small Herbivorous Fish
Gao, Q.-F., W.-Z. Xu, X.-S. Liu, S. G. Cheung, and P. K. S. Shin. 2008. Seasonal changes in C, N and P budgets of green-lipped mussels Perna viridis and removal of nutrients from fish farming in Hong Kong. Marine Ecology Progress Series 353:137-146. 2008 Southeast Asia Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Nutrients
Iannibelli, M. and D. Musmarra. 2008. Effects of anti-trawling artificial reefs on fish assemblages: The case of Salerno Bay (Mediterranean Sea). Italian Journal of Zoology 75:385-394. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Teh, L. C. L., L. S. L. Teh, and F. C. Chung. 2008. A private management approach to coral reef conservation in Sabah, Malaysia. Biodiversity and Conservation 17:3061-3077. 2008 Malaysia Field Study & Monitoring Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Hotel & Food Services; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting
Gala, W. R., R. W. Hill, and L. A. Hostetter. 2008. Use of Habitat Equivalency Analysis (HEA) to determine the environmentally superior project alternative. Pages 1393-1401 in Society of Petroleum Engineers - 9th International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production 2008 - \In Search of Sustainable Excellence\"". 2008 Artificial Habitat; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fish; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
Hirst, R., C. Sutton, and C.-H. Chaineau. 2008. Coral transplantation, an innovative measure in the frame of environmental impact mitigation. Pages 165-181 in Society of Petroleum Engineers - 9th International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production 2008 - \In Search of Sustainable Excellence\"". 2008 Fish; Mitigation; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Physical Damage; Substrate
Moltu, U. E. and L. Pinturier. 2008. Zero harmful impact from drilling discharges: Where are the limits? Pages 988-1002 in Society of Petroleum Engineers - 9th International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production 2008 - \In Search of Sustainable Excellence\"". 2008 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Corporate Responses; Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment; Toxics
Pan, Y., X.-W. Li, L. Rong, W.-Y. Yuan, and J. Wang. 2008. Root nodulation of young Alnus formosana on forest lands converted from agricultural lands. Chinese Journal of Ecology 27:1482-1486. 2008 Agriculture; Nutrients
Bonaldo, R. M. and D. R. Bellwood. 2008. Size-dependent variation in the functional role of the parrotfish Scarus rivulatus on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 360:237-244. 2008 Australia Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish
Pongprayoon, C. 2008. Outcome of porous implants: incidence of complications, management, and morbidity. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet 0. 2008 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Consoli, P., T. Romeo, U. Giongrandi, and F. Andaloro. 2008. Differences among fish assemblages associated with a nearshore vermetid reef and two other rocky habitats along the shores of Cape Milazzo (northern Sicily, central Mediterranean Sea). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88:401-410. 2008 United Kingdom Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector
De Matos Nogueira, J. M. and M. V. Fukuda. 2008. A new species of Trypanosyllis (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Brazil, with a redescription of Brazilian material of Trypanosyllis zebra. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88:913-924. 2008 United Kingdom Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Marine Worms; Sponges
Sale, P. F. and J. P. Kritzer. 2008. Connectivity: what it is, how it is measured, and why it is important for management of reef fishes. Pages 16-30 in R. Grober-Dunsmore and B. D. Keller, editors. Caribbean connectivity: implications for marine protected area management. Proceedings of a special symposium, 9-11 November 2006, 59th Annual Meeting of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, Belize City, Belize. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of National Marine Sanctuaries, Silver Spring, MD. 2008 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Review; Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Environmental Protection Agency. 2008. Pipeline Maintenance Best Practices: Lessons Learned from the Natural Gas STAR Program. Charlotte (North Carolina). 2008 Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pipelines
Morton, B. and R. N. Bamber. 2008. The joint Swire Institute of Marine Science, Hong Kong, and Natural History Museum, London, Hong Kong Submarine Caves Expedition, 2002: Discussion, conclusions and recommendations for conservation. Journal of Natural History 42:971-977. 2008 Japan; Philippines Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Chang, Y.C., F.W. Hong, and M.T. Lee. 2008. A system dynamic based DSS for sustainable coral reef management in Kenting coastal zone, Taiwan. Ecological Modelling 211:153-168. 2008 Taiwan Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Decision Support; Fish; Sewage Treatment; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge
O'Leary, J., J. C. Braga, and T. McClanahan. 2008. The Effect Of Fisheries Management On Species-Composition Of Crustose Coralline Algae, With Implications For Coral Recruitment. in Proceedings of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium. 2008 Kenya Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate
McClanahan, T. R., M. Ateweberhan, and J. Omukoto. 2008. Long-term changes in coral colony size distributions on Kenyan reefs under different management regimes and across the 1998 bleaching event. Marine Biology 153:755-768. 2008 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Stony Coral
Hunter, H. M. and R. S. Walton. 2008. Land-use effects on fluxes of suspended sediment, nitrogen and phosphorus from a river catchment of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Journal of Hydrology 356:131-146. 2008 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge
Munoz-Perez, J. J. 2008. Artificial reefs to improve and protect fishing grounds. Recent Patents on Engineering 2:80-86. 2008 Review Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Zabkowski, T., G. Piotrowicz, J. Anusik, L. Bortnowski, and H. Zielinski. 2008. Description of putting a foreign body purposely through the urethra into the bladder [Wyjatkowy przypadek ciała obcego pecherza moczowego]. Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna 4:65-67. 2008 Medical Centers
Doerge, B. C. and C. Smith. 2008. Mechanisms of erosion of volcanic soils on non-agricultural lands in guam. Pages 419-429 in American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting 2008. 2008 Guam Agriculture; Coastal Defense; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fishing Sector; Military; Ports & Harbors; Shoreline Protection
deJongh Jr., J. P., editor. 2008. United States Virgin Islands comprehensive economic development strategy. USVI Bureau of Economic Research, Unites States Virgin Islands. 2008 US Virgin Islands Collaboration & Partnering; Economic Markets & Policies; Housing
Burger, M. A. A., A. C. Barnes, and R. D. Adlard. 2008. Wildlife as reservoirs for parasites infecting commercial species: Host specificity and a redescription of Kudoa amamiensis from teleost fish in Australia. Journal of Fish Diseases 31:835-844. 2008 Australia; Japan Aquaculture; Fish; Invasive Species; Small Herbivorous Fish
Gangai, J. W., R. Lenaburg, B. Batten, E. Drei-Horgan, N. Sheffner, D. Hamilton, M. Rezakhani, and P. Shrestha. 2008. Hurricane Flood Insurance study for the Hawaiian Islands. Pages 432-443 in Solutions to Coastal Disasters Congress 2008 - Proceedings of the Solutions to Coastal Disasters Congress 2008. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii Model; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Insurance; Military; Security Policies; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes
Munday, P. L., G. P. Jones, M. S. Pratchett, and A. J. Williams. 2008. Climate change and the future for coral reef fishes. Fish and Fisheries 9:261-285. 2008 Global Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sea Temperatures
Mylroie, J. E. 2008. Late Quaternary sea-level position: Evidence from Bahamian carbonate deposition and dissolution cycles. Quaternary International 183:61-75. 2008 Beaches & Nature Parks; CO2; Sediment
Zhu, Z. Y. and G. H. Yue. 2008. The complete mitochondrial genome of red grouper Plectropomus leopardus and its applications in identification of grouper species. Aquaculture 276:44-49. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Figueiredo, J., L. Narciso, R. Turingan, and J. Lin. 2008. Efficiency of using emerald crabs Mithraculus sculptus to control bubble alga Ventricaria ventricosa (syn. Valonia ventricosa) in aquaria habitats. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88:95-101. 2008 United Kingdom Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Guidetti, P., E. Vierucci, and S. Bussotti. 2008. Differences in escape response of fish in protected and fished Mediterranean rocky reefs. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88:625-627. 2008 United Kingdom Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Sammarco, P. W. 2008. Crises on coral reefs and in coral reef science in the 21st century: The need for a new peer-review system. Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics 8:109-119. 2008 Global Review; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Nutrients; Pathogens
Healthy Reef Initiative. 2008. Report Card for the Mesoamerican Reef. Healthy Reef Initiative. 2008 Index or Indicator Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
McClanahan, T. R. 2008. Response of the coral reef benthos and herbivory to fishery closure management and the 1998 ENSO disturbance. Oecologia 155:169-177. 2008 Indian Ocean; Kenya; India Algae; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Octocoral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Blanco, A. C., K. Nadaoka, and T. Yamamoto. 2008. Planktonic and benthic microalgal community composition as indicators of terrestrial influence on a fringing reef in Ishigaki Island, Southwest Japan. Marine Environmental Research 66:520-535. 2008 Japan Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Agriculture; Algae; Cyanobacteria; Discharges; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Plankton; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Loper, C., R. Pomeroy, V. Hoon, P. McConney, M. Pena, A. Sanders, G. Sriskanthan, S. Vergara, M. Pido, R. Vave, C. Vieux, I. Wanyonyi. 2008. Socioeconomic conditions along the world�s tropical coasts: 2008. Conservation International. 2008 Global; South & Central America; Indian Ocean; India; Micronesia; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Housing; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Buddemeier, R. W., P. L. Jokiel, K. M. Zimmerman, D. R. Lane, J. M. Carey, G. C. Bohling, and J. A. Martinich. 2008. A modeling tool to evaluate regional coral reef responses to changes in climate and ocean chemistry. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 6:395-411. 2008 South & Central America; Australia; Caribbean Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Climate; CO2
Fairclough, D. V., K. R. Clarke, F. J. Valesini, and I. C. Potter. 2008. Habitat partitioning by five congeneric and abundant Choerodon species (Labridae) in a large subtropical marine embayment. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 77:446-456. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Finfish Harvest; Seagrasses; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Vago, R. 2008. Cnidarians biomineral in tissue engineering: A review. Marine Biotechnology 10:343-349. 2008 Review Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Li, S., K. Yu, Q. Shi, T. Chen, M. Zhao, and J. Zhao. 2008. Interspecies and spatial diversity in the symbiotic zooxanthellae density in corals from northern South China Sea and its relationship to coral reef bleaching. Chinese Science Bulletin 53:295-303. 2008 China Aquaculture; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sediment; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level; Zooxanthellae
Sheppard, C. R. C., A. Harris, and A. L. S. Sheppard. 2008. Archipelago-wide coral recovery patterns since 1998 in the Chagos Archipelago, central Indian Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress Series 362:109-117. 2008 Global; Indian Ocean; Chagos Archipelago; India Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Sediment; Stony Coral
Cook, S. E., K. W. Conway, and B. Burd. 2008. Status of the glass sponge reefs in the Georgia Basin. Marine Environmental Research 2008 Columbia GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sediment; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Chen, C., L.-N. Duan, Y.-F. Wu, J. Wei, S.-L. Huang, and J.-P. Fang. 2008. Correlation of graft versus host disease to CD94 molecule on T lymphocytes following umbilical cord blood transplantation. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:6665-6668. 2008 Medical Centers; Pathogens
CHEN, Z.-q. 2008. Changxing Formation biohermal gas pools and natural gas exploration, Sichuan Basin, China. Petroleum Exploration and Development 35. 2008 China Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment
Woo, K. S., J. C. Kim, D. W. Choi, J. K. Kim, R. Kim, and O. Nehza. 2008. The origin of erratic calcite speleothems in the Dangcheomul Cave (lava tube cave), Jeju Island, Korea. Quaternary International 70-81. 2008 Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Coralline Algae; Echinoderms; Molluscs; Sediment
Williams, I. D., W. J. Walsh, R. E. Schroeder, A. M. Friedlander, B. L. Richards, and K. A. Stamoulis. 2008. Assessing the importance of fishing impacts on Hawaiian coral reef fish assemblages along regional-scale human population gradients. Environmental Conservation 35:261-272. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Hern�ndez, J. C., S. Clemente, C. Sangil, and A. Brito. 2008. The key role of the sea urchin Diadema aff. antillarum in controlling macroalgae assemblages throughout the Canary Islands (eastern subtropical Atlantic): an spatio-temporal approach. Marine Environmental Research 66:259-270. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins; Small Boats; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Hourigan, T. 2008. Deep Water Connections, 6(1). (NOAA Fisheries Management Service, Silver Springs, MD. 2008 Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
Kate, A. S., I. Aubry, M. L. Tremblay, and R. G. Kerr. 2008. Lipidyl pseudopteranes A-F: Isolation, biomimetic synthesis, and PTP1B inhibitory activity of a new class of pseudopteranoids from the Gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia acerosa. Journal of Natural Products 71:1977-1982. 2008 Bahamas Octocoral
NOAA. 2008. Coral reef conservation program roadmap for the future: a plan for developing CRCP direction through 2015. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Springs, MD. 2008 GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest
Harvey, N. and C. D. Woodroffe. 2008. Australian approaches to coastal vulnerability assessment. Pages 67-87 in Sustainability Science. 2008 Global; Australia Model; GIS & Maps Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Storms & Hurricanes; Wetlands
YAO, G.-s., S.-q. YUAN, S.-g. WU, and C. ZHONG. 2008. Double provenance depositional model and exploration prospect in the deep-water area of Qiongdongnan Basin. Petroleum Exploration and Development 35:685-691. 2008 China Model Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment
Meynecke, J. O, S. Y. Lee, and N. C. Duke. 2008. Linking spatial metrics and fish catch reveals the importance of coastal wetland connectivity to inshore fisheries in Queensland, Australia. Biological Conservation 141:981-996. 2008 Australia Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Kerwath, S. E., A. Gotz, C. G. Attwood, and W. H. H. Sauer. 2008. The effect of marine protected areas on an exploited population of sex-changing temperate reef fish: An individual-based model. African Journal of Marine Science 30:337-350. 2008 Oman; South Africa Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Rodriguez-Cabello, C., F. Sanchez, A. Serrano, and I. Olaso. 2008. Effects of closed trawl fishery areas on some elasmobranch species in the Cantabrian Sea. Journal of Marine Systems 72:418-428. 2008 Index or Indicator Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins
Guzy, M. R., C. L. Smith, J. P. Bolte, D. W. Hulse and S. V. Gregory. 2008. Policy research using agent-based modeling to assess future impacts of urban expansion into farmlands and forests. 2008 Model Agriculture; Fish; Funding & Incentives; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Riegl, B., R. P. Moyer, B. K. Walker, K. Kohler, D. Gilliam, and R. E. Dodge. 2008. A tale of germs, storms, and bombs: Geomorphology and coral assemblage structure at Vieques (Puerto Rico) compared to St. Croix (U.S. Virgin Islands). Journal of Coastal Research 24:1008-1021. 2008 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Coastal Defense; Military; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Steyn, E., P. J. Fielding, and M. H. Schleyer. 2008. The artisanal fishery for East Coast rock lobsters Panulirus homarus along the Wild Coast, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 30:497-506. 2008 South Africa Index or Indicator Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Tolentino-Pablico, G., N. Bailly, R. Froese, and C. Elloran. 2008. Seaweeds preferred by herbivorous fishes. Journal of Applied Phycology 20:933-938. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Aquaculture; Fish; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Seagrasses; Small Herbivorous Fish
Yao, Y.-J., N.-Y. Wu, B. Xia, and R.-S. Wan. 2008. Petroleum geology of the Zengmu basin in the southern South China Sea. Geology in China 35:503-513. 2008 China Coal Mining; Sediment
Fukunaga, A. and J. H. Bailey-Brock. 2008. Benthic infaunal communities around two artificial reefs in Mamala Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. Marine Environmental Research 65:250-263. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector; Marine Worms; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Jupiter, S. D. and G. S. Marion. 2008. Changes in forest area along stream networks in an agricultural catchment of the Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Environmental Management 42:66-79. 2008 Australia GIS & Maps Agriculture; Landscape Changes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Lloret, J. and V. Riera. 2008. Evolution of a mediterranean coastal zone: Human impacts on the marine environment of cape creus. Environmental Management 42:977-988. 2008 Cuba Boating Activities; Climate; Commercial Fisheries; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation
Heck Jr., K. L., T. J. B. Carruthers, C. M. Duarte, A. R. Hughes, G. Kendrick, R. J. Orth, and S. W. Williams. 2008. Trophic Transfers from Seagrass Meadows Subsidize Diverse Marine and Terrestrial Consumers. Ecosystems 13-Jan. 2008 South & Central America; Australia; Caribbean Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Seagrasses
Pyke, G. H., J. Rowley, J. Shoulder, and A. W. White. 2008. Attempted introduction of the endangered Green and Golden Bell Frog to Long Reef Golf Course: A step towards recovery. Australian Zoologist 34:361-372. 2008 Golf Course Operations; Pathogens
White, A. W. and G. H. Pyke. 2008. Frogs on the hop: Translocations of Green and Golden Bell Frogs Litoria aurea in Greater Sydney. Australian Zoologist 34:249-260. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring Hotel & Food Services; Pathogens
Leitao, F., M. N. Santos, K. Erzini, and C. C. Monteiro. 2008. Fish assemblages and rapid colonization after enlargement of an artificial reef off the Algarve coast (Southern Portugal). Marine Ecology 29:435-448. 2008 Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Trip, E. L., J. H. Choat, D. T. Wilson, and D. R. Robertson. 2008. Inter-oceanic analysis of demographic variation in a widely distributed Indo-Pacific coral reef fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series 373:97-109. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India; Pacific Ocean Finfish Harvest; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Lampert-Karako, S., N. Stambler, D. J. Katcoff, Y. Achituv, Z. Dubinsky, and N. Simon-Blecher. 2008. Effects of depth and eutrophication on the zooxanthella cludes of Stylophora pistillata from the Gulf of Eilat (Red Sea). Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:1039-1045. 2008 Aquaculture; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Kleczkowski, M., R. C. Babcock, and G. Clapin. 2008. Density and size of reef fishes in and around a temperate marine reserve. Marine and Freshwater Research 59:165-176. 2008 Australia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Evans, R. D., G. R. Russ, and J. P. Kritzer. 2008. Batch fecundity of Lutjanus carponotatus (Lutjanidae) and implications of no-take marine reserves on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs 27:179-189. 2008 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish
Mislan, K. A. S. and R. C. Babcock. 2008. Survival and behaviour of juvenile red rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, on rocky reefs with varying predation pressure and habitat complexity. Marine and Freshwater Research 59:246-253. 2008 Lab Study Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish
Chancerelle, Y. 2008. Coral reefs of Wallis and Futuna: Biological monitoring, health and future [Les recifs coralliens de Wallis et Futuna: Suivi biologique, etat de sante et perspectives d'avenir]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 63:133-143. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean; Fiji; Samoa; Europe Field Study & Monitoring Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest
Okamoto, N. and G. I. McFadden. 2008. The mother of all parasites. Future Microbiology 3:391-395. 2008 Invertebrates; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Zooxanthellae
Hazin, F. H. V., G. H. Burgess, and F. C. Carvalho. 2008. A shark attack outbreak off recife, Pernambuco, Brazil: 1992-2006. Bulletin of Marine Science 82:199-212. 2008 Apex Fish Predators; Beaches & Nature Parks; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Santos, P. R., N. Added, J. H. Aburaya, and M. A. Rizzutto. 2008. Measurements of Sr/Ca in bones to evaluate differences in temperature. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 266:1616-1618. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Special Use Permitting
Kramer, D. B. 2008. Adaptive harvesting in a multiple-species coral-reef food web. Ecology and Society 13. 2008 Model Fishing Sector
Kitada, Y., H. Kawahata, A. Suzuki, and T. Oomori. 2008. Distribution of pesticides and bisphenol A in sediments collected from rivers adjacent to coral reefs. Chemosphere 71:2082-2090. 2008 Japan Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fishing Sector; Landscaping & Household Services; Non-point Source Runoff; Ports & Harbors; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Peshut, P. J., R. J. Morrison, and B. A. Brooks. 2008. Arsenic speciation in marine fish and shellfish from American Samoa. Chemosphere 71:484-492. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Samoa; American Samoa Fishing Sector; Molluscs
Charlier, R. H., P. Morand, and C. W. Finkl. 2008. How Brittany and Florida coasts cope with green tides. International Journal of Environmental Studies 65:191-208. 2008 Florida; France Agriculture; Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation
Hu, Q.-L. 2008. Nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen composites imitating cancellous bone for repair of massive bone defects in rabbits. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:8935-8938. 2008 Lab Study Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Lei, Z.-M. and M. Zhang. 2008. Study of root canal filling in dogs by using compound coral paste. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:1983-1986. 2008 Lab Study Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Li, R.-Q., G.-P. Zhang, Z.-Y. Sha, H.-Y. Gao, L.-Z. Ren, W. Dong, F. Zhao, and W. Wang. 2008. Liquid nano-materials for bone repair. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:1915-1918. 2008 China Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Li, T., H.-M. Zang, and T.-S. Tang. 2008. 1, 25-(OH)2VitD3 promotes osteogenesis and vascularization of tissue-engineered bone. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:2001-2005. 2008 Cuba Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Tang, Y.-C., Y.-Q. Wang, and W. Tang. 2008. Repairing mandibular defect by gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with coral hydroxyapatite scaffold in osteoporotic rats. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:2601-2605. 2008 Lab Study; Model Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Wu, L.-S. and S.-F. Wu. 2008. Possibility of cell co-transplantation for rats with spinal cord injury. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:6626-6630. 2008 Model Medical Centers
Mohammed, T. A. and M. H. Yassien. 2008. Bivalve assemblages on living coral species in the northern Red Sea, Egypt. Journal of Shellfish Research 27:1217-1223. 2008 Cuba; Egypt Bivalves; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Stony Coral
Wong, C.-K., P. Hung, K. L. H. Lee, T. Mok, T. Chung, and K.-M. Kam. 2008. Features of ciguatera fish poisoning cases in Hong Kong 2004-2007. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 21:521-527. 2008 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; India; China; Caribbean Review; Lab Study Fish
Wienberg, C., L. Beuck, S. Heidkamp, D. Hebbeln, A. Freiwald, O. Pfannkuche, and X. Monteys. 2008. Franken Mound: Facies and biocoenoses on a newly-discovered \carbonate mound\" on the western Rockall Bank, NE Atlantic". Facies 54:24-Jan. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) GIS & Maps Fishing Sector; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Monk, J., D. Ierodiaconou, A. Bellgrove, and L. Laurenson. 2008. Using community-based monitoring with GIS to create habitat maps for a marine protected area in Australia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88:865-871. 2008 Global; Australia; Cuba; United Kingdom Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Protected Areas; Social Organizations
Conservation International (CI). 2008. Economic values of coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrasses: a global compilation. Conservation International, Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Arlington, Virginia. 2008 Global; Florida Carbon Storage & Cycling; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Seagrasses; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Ortiz, D. M. and B. N. Tissot. 2008. Ontogenetic patterns of habitat use by reef-fish in a Marine Protected Area network: A multi-scaled remote sensing and in situ approach. Marine Ecology Progress Series 365:217-232. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Substrate
Legrand, H., Y. Rousseau, C. Peres, and J.-P. Marechal. 2008. Ecological monitoring of coral reefs in IFRECOR survey sites in Martinique between 2001 and 2006 [Suivi ecologique des recifs coralliens des stations IFRECOR en Martinique de 2001 à 2006]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 63:67-84. 2008 Global; South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Cuba; Martinique; Caribbean Review; Field Study & Monitoring Climate; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Pathogens
Dahanayake, K. and N. Kulasena. 2008. Geological evidence for paleo-tsunamis in Sri Lanka. Science of Tsunami Hazards 27:54-61. 2008 Indian Ocean; Sri Lanka; India Housing; Sediment; Sponges
Lindsay, M. J., H. M. Patterson, and S. E. Swearer. 2008. Habitat as a surrogate measure of reef fish diversity in the zoning of the Lord Howe Island Marine Park, Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 353:265-273. 2008 Australia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas
Lippmann, J. 2008. Review of scuba diving fatalities and decompression illness in Australia. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 38:71-78. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Cuba Review Banks, Credit, & Securities; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Internet & Telecommunications; Tourism & Recreation
Heyman, W. D. and B. Kjerfve. 2008. Characterization of transient multi-species reef fish spawning aggregations at Gladden Spit, Belize. Bulletin of Marine Science 83:531-551. 2008 South & Central America; Belize Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Leujak, W. and R. F. G. Ormond. 2008. Quantifying acceptable levels of visitor use on Red Sea reef flats. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:930-944. 2008 Egypt Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Corallivorous Fish; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Brock, J. C., M. Palaseanu-Lovejoy, C. W. Wright, and A. Nayegandhi. 2008. Patch-reef morphology as a proxy for Holocene sea-level variability, Northern Florida Keys, USA. Coral Reefs 27:555-568. 2008 Florida Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Water Depth & Sea Level
Jantzen, C., C. Wild, M. El-Zibdah, H. A. Roa-Quiaoit, C. Haacke, and C. Richter. 2008. Photosynthetic performance of giant clams, Tridacna maxima and T. squamosa, Red Sea. Marine Biology 155:211-221. 2008 Cuba; Egypt Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Light; Primary Production; Zooxanthellae
Schleyer, M. H., A. Kruger, and L. Celliers. 2008. Long-term community changes on a high-latitude coral reef in the Greater St Lucia Wetland Park, South Africa. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56:493-502. 2008 Global; South Africa Field Study & Monitoring; Model Climate; Forestry; Octocoral; Sea Temperatures; Stony Coral; Wetlands
Crabbe, J.C. 2008. Climate change, global warming and coral reefs: Modelling the effects of temperature. Computational Biology and Chemistry 2008 Global; South & Central America; Australia; Caribbean Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Climate; Internet & Telecommunications; Stony Coral
Padove Cohen, S. A., H. Hatt, J. Kubanek, and N. A. McCarty. 2008. Reconstitution of a chemical defense signaling pathway in a heterologous system. Journal of Experimental Biology 211:599-605. 2008 Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Fish; Sponges
McClenachan, L. and A. B. Cooper. 2008. Extinction rate, historical population structure and ecological role of the Caribbean monk seal. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 275:1351-1358. 2008 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean Finfish Harvest
Afonso, P., J. Fontes, T. Morato, K. N. Holland, and R. S. Santos. 2008. Reproduction and spawning habitat of white trevally, Pseudocaranx dentex, in the Azores, central north Atlantic. Scientia Marina 72:373-381. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector
DeMartini, E. E., A. M. Friedlander, S. A. Sandin, and E. Sala. 2008. Differences in fish-assemblage structure between fished and unfished atolls in the northern Line Islands, central Pacific. Marine Ecology Progress Series 365:199-215. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Kiribati Index or Indicator Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Nutrients; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Pierre, S., S. Gaillard, N. Prevot-D'Alvise, J. Aubert, O. Rostaing-Capaillon, D. Leung-Tack, and J.-P. Grillasca. 2008. Grouper aquaculture: Asian success and Mediterranean trials. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:297-308. 2008 Taiwan Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Monetary Valuation; Piscivorous Fish
Bokma, B. H., E. P. J. Gibbs, A. A. Aguirre, and B. Kaplan. 2008. A resolution by the Society for Tropical Veterinary Medicine in support of \One Health\"". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1149:8-Apr. 2008 Collaboration & Partnering; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Salvat, B., A. Aubanel, M. Adjeroud, P. Bouisset, D. Calmet, Y. Chancerelle, N. Cochennec, N. Davies, A. Fougerousse, R. Galzin, E. Lagouy, C. Lo, C. Monier, C. Ponsonnet, G. Remoissenet, D. Schneider, A. Stein, M. Tatarata, and L. Villiers. 2008. Monitoring of French Polynesia coral reefs and their recent development [Le suivi de l'etat des recifs coralliens de Polynesie francaise et leur recente evolution]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 63:145-177. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Molluscs; Nutrients; Seastars; Sewage Treatment; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management Policies
Tessier, E., L. Bigot, C. Cadet, B. Cauvin, P. Chabanet, C. Conand, J.-B. Nicet, and J.-P. Quod. 2008. Coral reefs of Reunion Island in 2007: Status report and monitoring network [Les recifs coralliens de la Reunion en 2007: etat des lieux et reseau de suivi]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 63:85-102. 2008 Global; Indian Ocean; Reunion; India; Europe Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Agriculture; Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Storms & Hurricanes
Wantiez, L. 2008. Coral reefs of New Caledonia in 2006: Status report and monitoring network [Les recifs coralliens de nouvelle-caledonie en 2006: etat des lieux et reseau de suivi]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 63:117-132. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia; Europe Field Study & Monitoring Cruise Ships; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Housing; Mining; Mining Policies; Seastars; Sewage Treatment; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge
Mora, C. 2008. A clear human footprint in the coral reefs of the Caribbean. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 275:767-773. 2008 South & Central America; Caribbean Agriculture; Algae; Climate; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Rhodes, K. L. and M. H. Tupper. 2007. A preliminary market-based analysis of the Pohnpei, Micronesia, grouper (Serranidae: Epinephelinae) fishery reveals unsustainable fishing practices. Coral Reefs 26:335-344. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Micronesia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish
Vega-Zepeda, A., H. Hernandez-Arana, and J. P. Carricart-Ganivet. 2007. Spatial and size-frequency distribution of Acropora (Cnidaria: Scleractinia) species in Chinchorro Bank, Mexican Caribbean: Implications for management. Coral Reefs 26:671-676. 2007 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Stony Coral
DiMasi, J. A. and H. G. Grabowski. 2007. The cost of biopharmaceutical R&D: is biotech different? Managerial and Decision Economics 28:469-479. 2007 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Graham, N. A. J., S. K. Wilson, S. Jennings, N. V. C. Polunin, J. Robinson, J. P. Bijoux, and T. M. Daw. 2007. Lag effects in the impacts of mass coral bleaching on coral reef fish, fisheries, and ecosystems. Conservation Biology 21:1291-1300. 2007 Indian Ocean; Seychelles; India Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Guidetti, P. 2007. Potential of marine reserves to cause community-wide changes beyond their boundaries. Conservation Biology 21:540-545. 2007 Finfish Harvest; Sea Urchins
Pecheva, E., P. Montgomery, D. Montaner, and L. Pramatarova. 2007. White light scanning interferometry adapted for large-area optical analysis of thick and rough hydroxyapatite layers. Langmuir 23:3912-3918. 2007 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Merritt, R. 2007. MPAA's top cop quits, hopes to land corporate gig. Electronic Engineering Times 1469:36-38. 2007 Europe Corporate Responses; Internet & Telecommunications
Halpern, B. S., K. A. Selkoe, F. Micheli, and C. V. Kappel. 2007. Evaluating and ranking the vulnerability of global marine ecosystems to anthropogenic threats. Conservation Biology 21:1301-1315. 2007 Global Finfish Harvest; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Mangroves; Point Source Discharges; Sea Temperatures
Unsworth, R. K. F., J. J. Bell, and D. J. Smith. 2007. Tidal fish connectivity of reef and sea grass habitats in the Indo-Pacific. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87:1287-1296. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Fish; Fishing Sector
Jegatheesan, V., C. Zeng, L. Shu, C. Manicom, and C. Steicke. 2007. Technological advances in aquaculture farms for minimal effluent discharge to oceans. Journal of Cleaner Production 15:1535-1544. 2007 Australia Aquaculture; Discharges; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Chen, B. and G. Q. Chen. 2007. Resource analysis of the Chinese society 1980-2002 based on exergy-Part 4: Fishery and rangeland. Energy Policy 35:2079-2086. 2007 Agriculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Hughes, T. P., D. R. Bellwood, C. S. Folke, L. J. McCook, and J. M. Pandolfi. 2007. No-take areas, herbivory and coral reef resilience. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 22:3-Jan. 2007 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Small Herbivorous Fish
Textor, S. C. 2007. Renovascular hypertension in 2007: Where are we now? Current Cardiology Reports 9:453-461. 2007 Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Graham, R. T. and C. M. Roberts. 2007. Assessing the size, growth rate and structure of a seasonal population of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus Smith 1828) using conventional tagging and photo identification. Fisheries Research 84:71-80. 2007 South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Caribbean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Liese, C., M. D. Smith, and R. A. Kramer. 2007. Open access in a spatially delineated artisanal fishery: The case of Minahasa, Indonesia. Environment and Development Economics 12:123-143. 2007 Indonesia Model Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Infrastructure
Su, J.-H., C.-F. Dai, H.-H. Huang, Y.-C. Wu, P.-J. Sung, C.-H. Hsu, and J.-H. Sheu. 2007. Terpenoid-related metabolites from a formosan soft coral Nephthea chabrolii. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:594-597. 2007 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sung, P.-J., L.-F. Chuang, J. Kuo, J.-J. Chen, T.-Y. Fan, J.-J. Li, L.-S. Fang, and W.-H. Wang. 2007. Rumphellolides A-F, six new caryophyllane-related derivatives from the Formosan gorgonian coral Rumphella antipathies. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:1296-1301. 2007 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hoover, C. A., M. Slattery, and A. G. Marsh. 2007. Profiling transcriptome complexity and secondary metabolite synthesis in a benthic soft coral, Sinularia polydactyla. Marine Biotechnology 9:166-178. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Octocoral
Walker, S. J., T. A. Schlacher, and M. A. Schlacher-Hoenlinger. 2007. Spatial heterogeneity of epibenthos on artificial reefs: Fouling communities in the early stages of colonization on an East Australian shipwreck. Marine Ecology 28:435-445. 2007 Australia Model Artificial Habitat; Coastal Defense; Complex Habitat & Resources; Invertebrates; Large Ships; Military; Sediment; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Selkoe, K. A., A. Vogel, and S. D. Gaines. 2007. Effects of ephemeral circulation on recruitment and connectivity of nearshore fish populations spanning Southern and Baja California. Marine Ecology Progress Series 351:209-220. 2007 South & Central America; Mexico Fish; Fishing Sector
Zhuravlev, V. N., M. A. Frank, and A. E. Sanzharov. 2007. Use of levofloxacin in transcutaneous nephrolithotripsy. Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999) 4:25-29. 2007 Medical Centers
Devaraju, T. C., T. T. Alapieti, R. J. Kaukonen, and T. L. Sudhakara. 2007. Petrological and PGE mineralisation study of the Channagiri mafic-ultramafic complex, Shimoga supracrustal belt, Karnataka. Journal of the Geological Society of India 70:535-556. 2007 India GIS & Maps Forestry
Beaudreau, A. H. and T. E. Essington. 2007. Spatial, temporal, and ontogenetic patterns of predation on rockfishes by lingcod. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 136:1438-1452. 2007 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish
Zhang, G., L. Mi, S. Wu, W. Tao, S. He, and J. Lu. 2007. Deepwater area - The new prospecting targets of northern continental margin of South China Sea. Shiyou Xuebao/Acta Petrolei Sinica 28:15-21. 2007 China Coal Mining; Water Depth & Sea Level
Hewson, I., P. H. Moisander, A. E. Morrison, and J. P. Zehr. 2007. Diazotrophic bacterioplankton in a coral reef lagoon: Phylogeny, diel nitrogenase expression and response to phosphate enrichment. ISME Journal 1:78-91. 2007 Australia; Cuba Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Plankton; Sediment
Brown-Saracino, J., P. Peckol, H. Allen Curran, and M. L. Robbart. 2007. Spatial variation in sea urchins, fish predators, and bioerosion rates on coral reefs of Belize. Coral Reefs 26:71-78. 2007 South & Central America; Belize Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Planktivorous Fish; Sea Urchins
Mallela, J., C. Roberts, C. Harrod, and C. R. Goldspink. 2007. Distributional patterns and community structure of Caribbean coral reef fishes within a river-impacted bay. Journal of Fish Biology 70:523-537. 2007 South & Central America; Jamaica; Caribbean Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Apprill, A. M. and R. D. Gates. 2007. Recognizing diversity in coral symbiotic dinoflagellate communities: Fast-track article. Molecular Ecology 16:1127-1134. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii GIS & Maps Climate; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Shephard, S., P. Connolly, N.-R. Hareide, and E. Rogan. 2007. Establishing stakeholder connections for management of the Irish orange roughy fishery. ICES Journal of Marine Science 64:841-845. 2007 Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
[No author name available]. 2007. Qatar conducts reef restoration along three pipeline corridors. Oil and Gas Journal 105:66. 2007 Global; Qatar Field Study & Monitoring Pipelines; Stony Coral; Wetland & Reef Restoration
LeFebvre, M. J. 2007. Zooarchaeological analysis of prehistoric vertebrate exploitation at the Grand Bay Site, Carriacou, West Indies. Coral Reefs 26:931-944. 2007 South & Central America; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest
Macintyre, I. G., P. W. Glynn, and M. A. Toscano. 2007. The demise of a major Acropora palmata bank-barrier reef off the southeast coast of Barbados, West Indies. Coral Reefs 26:765-773. 2007 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Agriculture; Algae; Coralline Algae; Hydrocoral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Ziegler, P. E., J. M. Lyle, M. Haddon, and G. P. Ewing. 2007. Rapid changes in life-history characteristics of a long-lived temperate reef fish. Marine and Freshwater Research 58:1096-1107. 2007 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Webster, N. S. and D. Bourne. 2007. Bacterial community structure associated with the Antarctic soft coral, Alcyonium antarcticum. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 59:81-94. 2007 Europe Fish; Microorganisms; Octocoral; Sponges
Scales, H., A. Balmford, and A. Manica. 2007. Impacts of the live reef fish trade on populations of coral reef fish off northern Borneo. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 274:989-994. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Live Collection; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
[No author name available]. 2007. Transportation: Qatar conducts reef restoration along three pipeline corridors. Oil and Gas Journal 105:66. 2007 Global; Qatar Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Mitigation; Pipelines; Stony Coral; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Ryan, D. A., B. P. Brooke, L. B. Collins, G. A. Kendrick, K. J. Baxter, A. N. Bickers, P. J. W. Siwabessy, and C. B. Pattiaratchi. 2007. The influence of geomorphology and sedimentary processes on shallow-water benthic habitat distribution: Esperance Bay, Western Australia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 72:379-386. 2007 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Substrate
Cinner, J. E., S. G. Sutton, and T. G. Bond. 2007. Socioeconomic thresholds that affect use of customary fisheries management tools. Conservation Biology 21:1603-1611. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Papua New Guinea Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Dambacher, J. M., D. T. Brewer, D. M. Dennis, M. Macintyre, and S. Foale. 2007. Qualitative modelling of gold mine impacts on Lihir Island's socioeconomic system and reef-edge fish community. Environmental Science and Technology 41:555-562. 2007 Papua New Guinea Field Study & Monitoring; Model Algae; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Sediment
Ehrhardt, N. M. and V. K. W. Deleveaux. 2007. The Bahamas' Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) fishery - two assessment methods applied to a data - deficient coastal population. Fisheries Research 87:17-27. 2007 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
De Santo, E. M. and P. J. S. Jones. 2007. Offshore marine conservation policies in the North East Atlantic: Emerging tensions and opportunities. Marine Policy 31:336-347. 2007 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Europe Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Chao, C.-H., H.-C. Huang, Y.-C. Wu, C.-K. Lu, C.-F. Dai, and J.-H. Sheu. 2007. Glycolipids from the Formosan soft coral Lobophytum crassum. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:1720-1723. 2007 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chen, S.-P., J.-H. Su, A. F. Ahmed, C.-F. Dai, Y.-C. Wu, and J.-H. Sheu. 2007. Xeniaphyllane-derived terpenoids from the Formosan soft coral Sinularia gibberosa. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:1471-1475. 2007 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
El-Gamal, A. A. H., S.-K. Wang, and C.-Y. Duh. 2007. Prenylbicyclogermacrane diterpenoids from the formosan soft coral Nephthea elongata. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:890-893. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Bannister, R. J., R. Brinkman, C. Wolff, C. Battershill, and R. De Nys. 2007. The distribution and abundance of dictyoceratid sponges in relation to hydrodynamic features: Identifying candidates and environmental conditions for sponge aquaculture. Marine and Freshwater Research 58:624-633. 2007 Australia Model Aquaculture; Sponges
Brodie, J., G. De'ath, M. Devlin, M. Furnas, and M. Wright. 2007. Spatial and temporal patterns of near-surface chlorophyll a in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Marine and Freshwater Research 58:342-353. 2007 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Nutrients; Plankton; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Yang, J.-C., Q.-S. Yin, J. Lin, J. Li, H. Y. Huang, and Y. Zhang. 2007. Anti-tumor activity of self-made composite anti-tumor coral hydroxyapatite: An in vitro study. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:3508-3511. 2007 Cuba; China Lab Study Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Yin, B., Y. Zhang, H.-B. Zhang, and Q.-S. Yin. 2007. Biocompatibility of coralline hydroxyapatite/bone morphogenic protein composite for bone tissue engineering. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:191-193. 2007 Lab Study; Index or Indicator Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Yu, Y.-X., Z.-S. Deng, B.-J. Li, S. L. Zhang, Q. Zhou, and W. F. Xiao. 2007. Influence of nano-hydroxyapatite on the bone regeneration of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:6183-6186. 2007 Lab Study Medical Centers; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sediment
Zhang, D.-Q., X. Tang, and W.-G. Zhang. 2007. Co-culture of osteoblasts induced from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with coral hydroxyapatite and the function of basic fibroblast growth factor. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:3512-3516. 2007 Lab Study Medical Centers; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zhu, W.-M., D.-P. Wang, and J.-Y. Xiong. 2007. Biological characteristics and clinical application of scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:9781-9784. 2007 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Herro, A. 2007. Eye on earth: South Pacific to be protected from destructive fishing. World Watch 20:4. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Finfish Harvest; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Kutser, T., E. Vahtmae, C. M. Roelfsema, and L. Metsamaa. 2007. Photo-library method for mapping seagrass biomass. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 75:559-563. 2007 Palau Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Seagrasses; Substrate
Sonnenholzner, J. I., L. B. Ladah, and K. D. Lafferty. 2007. Cascading effects of fishing on Galapagos rocky reef communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series 343:77-85. 2007 Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins
Unsworth, R. K. F., E. Wylie, D. J. Smith, and J. J. Bell. 2007. Diel trophic structuring of seagrass bed fish assemblages in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, Indonesia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 72:81-88. 2007 Indonesia Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Uthicke, S. and K. McGuire. 2007. Bacterial communities in Great Barrier Reef calcareous sediments: Contrasting 16S rDNA libraries from nearshore and outer shelf reefs. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 72:188-200. 2007 Australia Index or Indicator Cyanobacteria; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment
Campbell, S. J., M. S. Pratchett, A. W. Anggoro, R. L. Ardiwijaya, N. Fadli, Y. Herdiana, T. Kartawijaya, D. Mahyiddin, A. Mukminin, S. T. Pardede, E. Rudi, A. M. Siregar, and A. H. Baird. 2007. Disturbance to coral reefs in Aceh, Northern Sumatra: Impacts of the Sumatra-Andaman tsunami and pre-tsunami degradation. Atoll Research Bulletin 55-78. 2007 Indonesia Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting; Turf Algae
Warrell, D. A. 2007. Venomous animals. Medicine 35:659-662. 2007 Australia Octopus & Squid; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Storms & Hurricanes; Textiles & Apparel
Paris, C. B., L. M. Cherubin, and R. K. Cowen. 2007. Surfing, spinning, or diving from reef to reef: Effects on population connectivity. Marine Ecology Progress Series 347:285-300. 2007 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Model Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish
Sanchiricho, J. N. and J. E. Wilen. 2007. Sustainable use of renewable resources: implications of spatial-dynamic ecological and economic processes. International review of Environmental and Resource Economics 1:367-405. 2007 Review; Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management
Klaus, J. S., I. Janse, J. M. Heikoop, R. A. Sanford, and B. W. Fouke. 2007. Coral microbial communities, zooxanthellae and mucus along gradients of seawater depth and coastal pollution. Environmental Microbiology 9:1291-1305. 2007 Antilles Algae; Light; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level; Waterborne Discharges; Zooxanthellae
Khalesi, M. K., H. H. Beeftink, and R. H. Wijffels. 2007. Flow-dependent growth in the zooxanthellate soft coral Sinularia flexibilis. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 351:106-113. 2007 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Primary Production; Zooxanthellae
Cinner, J. E. 2007. Designing marine reserves to reflect local socioeconomic conditions: Lessons from long-enduring customary management systems. Coral Reefs 26:1035-1045. 2007 Papua New Guinea Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting
Chapman, D. D., E. K. Pikitch, E. A. Babcock, and M. S. Shivji. 2007. Deep-diving and diel changes in vertical habitat use by Caribbean reef sharks Carcharhinus perezi. Marine Ecology Progress Series 344:271-275. 2007 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas
Chateau, O. and L. Wantiez. 2007. Site fidelity and activity patterns of a humphead wrasse, Cheilinus undulatus (Labridae), as determined by acoustic telemetry. Environmental Biology of Fishes 80:503-508. 2007 Cuba; New Caledonia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Chakalall, B., R. Mahon, P. McConney, L. Nurse, and D. Oderson. 2007. Governance of fisheries and other living marine resources in the Wider Caribbean. Fisheries Research 87:92-99. 2007 South & Central America; Caribbean Model Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
[No author name available]. 2007. Alien invaders - Nowhere to hide. Pages 31-33 MER - Marine Engineers Review. 2007 Review Ballast Discharge; Collaboration & Partnering; Cruise Ships
Frisch, A. J. 2007. Growth and reproduction of the painted spiny lobster (Panulirus versicolor) on the Great Barrier Reef (Australia). Fisheries Research 85:61-67. 2007 Australia Model Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Erlandson, J. M., M. H. Graham, B. J. Bourque, D. Corbett, J. A. Estes, and R. S. Steneck. 2007. The kelp highway hypothesis: Marine ecology, the coastal migration theory, and the peopling of the Americas. Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 2:161-174. 2007 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Shoreline Protection; Water Depth & Sea Level; Whales & Dolphins
Cheung, W. W. L., R. Watson, T. Morato, T. J. Pitcher, and D. Pauly. 2007. Intrinsic vulnerability in the global fish catch. Marine Ecology Progress Series 333:12-Jan. 2007 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
de Voogd, N. J. 2007. The mariculture potential of the Indonesian reef-dwelling sponge Callyspongia (Euplacella) biru: Growth, survival and bioactive compounds. Aquaculture 262:54-64. 2007 Indonesia Aquaculture; Sponges
Risk, M. J., R. B. Nairn, and M. O. Kolberg. 2007. Factors influencing the long-term stability of the carbonate sand beaches of mauritius. in Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes. 2007 Mauritius Model Coastal Engineering; Finfish Harvest; Sediment
Starr, R. M., E. Sala, E. Ballesteros, and M. Zabala. 2007. Spatial dynamics of the Nassau grouper Epinephelus striatus in a Caribbean atoll. Marine Ecology Progress Series 343:239-249. 2007 South & Central America; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Santos, M. N. and C. C. Monteiro. 2007. A fourteen-year overview of the fish assemblages and yield of the two oldest Algarve artificial reefs (southern Portugal). Hydrobiologia 580:225-231. 2007 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Mohamed, M. 2007. ECONOMIC VALUATION OF CORAL REEFS: A CASE STUDY OF THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF IMPROVED MANAGEMENT OF DHIGALI HAA, A MARINE PROTECTED AREA IN BAA ATOLL, MALDIVES. Masters Thesis. University of Canterbury, (Christchurch, New Zealand). 2007 Maldives Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation
Oigman-Pszczol, S. S., A. E. S. Oliveira, and J. C. Creed. 2007. Perceptions of coral in a coastal tourist town in Brazil. Coral Reefs 26:667-670. 2007 Octocoral; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Sea Urchins; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Webster, N. S. 2007. Sponge disease: A global threat? Environmental Microbiology 9:1363-1375. 2007 Global; South & Central America; Australia; Papua New Guinea; Caribbean; Mexico Review Agriculture; Climate; Cyanobacteria; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Sponges
Singh, D., V. Choudhary, and V. Koul. 2007. Radiation synthesis of interpenetrating polymer networks based on N-vinyl pyrrolidone - Acrylic acid copolymer and Gelatin. I. Swelling, morphology, and thermal characterization for biomedical applications. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 104:1456-1463. 2007 Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Goodman, J. A. and S. L. Ustin. 2007. Classification of benthic composition in a coral reef environment using spectral unmixing. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 1. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Remote Sensing Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Resource Use Management; Substrate
Marcus, J. E., M. A. Samoilys, J. J. Meeuwig, Z. A. D. Villongco, and A. C. J. Vincent. 2007. Benthic status of near-shore fishing grounds in the central Philippines and associated seahorse densities. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:1483-1494. 2007 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Skeletal Coral
Seaman, W. 2007. Artificial habitats and the restoration of degraded marine ecosystems and fisheries. Hydrobiologia 580:143-155. 2007 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Cuba; Pacific Ocean; Japan; Mexico Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mitigation; Nutrients; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Powers, M. J., C. H. Peterson, H. C. Summerson, and S. P. Powers. 2007. Macroalgal growth on bivalve aquaculture netting enhances nursery habitat for mobile invertebrates and juvenile fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 339:109-122. 2007 Algae; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Marine Worms; Seagrasses
Pichel, W. G., J. H. Churnside, T. S. Veenstra, D. G. Foley, K. S. Friedman, R. E. Brainard, J. B. Nicoll, Q. Zheng, and P. Clemente-Colon. 2007. Marine debris collects within the North Pacific Subtropical Convergence Zone. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:1207-1211. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Marine Birds; Marine Debris; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Whales & Dolphins
Kulbicki, M., S. Sarramegna, Y. Letourneur, L. Wantiez, R. Galzin, G. Mou-Tham, C. Chauvet, and P. Thollot. 2007. Opening of an MPA to fishing: Natural variations in the structure of a coral reef fish assemblage obscure changes due to fishing. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 353:145-163. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Sukarmi, and O. K. Radjasa. 2007. Bioethical consideration in the search for bioactive compounds from reef's invertebrates. Journal of Applied Sciences 7:1235-1238. 2007 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Nakamura, M., M. A. Alam, Y. Kobayashi, and R. K. Bhandari. 2007. Role of sex hormones in sex change of grouper. Journal of Marine Science and Technology 15:23-27. 2007 Review Aquaculture; Piscivorous Fish
Hughes, T. P., M. J. Rodrigues, D. R. Bellwood, D. Ceccarelli, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, L. McCook, N. Moltschaniwskyj, M. S. Pratchett, R. S. Steneck, and B. Willis. 2007. Phase Shifts, Herbivory, and the Resilience of Coral Reefs to Climate Change. Current Biology 17:360-365. 2007 Australia Algae; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Reed, J. K., C. C. Koenig, and A. N. Shepard. 2007. Impacts of bottom trawling on a deep-water Oculina coral ecosystem off Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science 81:481-496. 2007 Florida Commercial Fisheries; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Yamano, H., H. Kayanne, T. Yamaguchi, Y. Kuwahara, H. Yokoki, H. Shimazaki, and M. Chikamori. 2007. Atoll island vulnerability to flooding and inundation revealed by historical reconstruction: Fongafale Islet, Funafuti Atoll, Tuvalu. Global and Planetary Change 57:407-416. 2007 Global; Tuvalu; Kiribati Mining; Water Depth & Sea Level
David, G., J.-B. Herrenschmidt, E. Mirault and A. Thomassin. 2007. Social and economic values of Pacific coral reefs. Coral Reef Initiatives for the Pacific (CRISP) Component 1A, Project 1A4 Integrated Coastal Management (GERSA)., Noumea, New Caledonia. 2007 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Jamaica; Indonesia; Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Valuation
Kench, P. S., S. L. Nichol, R. F. McLean, S. G. Smithers, and R. W. Brander. 2007. Impact of the Sumatran Ttunami on the geomorphology and sediments of reef islands: South Maalhosmadulu Atoll, Maldives. Atoll Research Bulletin 105-129. 2007 Maldives Climate; Hotel & Food Services; Infrastructure; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Meyer, C. G., K. N. Holland, and Y. P. Papastamatiou. 2007. Seasonal and diel movements of giant trevally Caranx ignobilis at remote Hawaiian atolls: Implications for the design of marine protected areas. Marine Ecology Progress Series 333:13-25. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Lewis, S. E., G. A. Shields, B. S. Kamber, and J. M. Lough. 2007. A multi-trace element coral record of land-use changes in the Burdekin River catchment, NE Australia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 246:471-487. 2007 Australia; Europe Agriculture; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Beaumont, J. 2007. Concrete ideas for inshore fisheries. Planet Earth 30-31. 2007 Oman; Europe Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector
Thiessen, R. J. and D. D. Heath. 2007. Characterization of one trinucleotide and six dinucleotide microsatellite markers in bicolor damselfish, Stegastes partitus, a common coral reef fish: Seven novel microsatellites in Stegastes partitus. Conservation Genetics 8:983-985. 2007 Small Herbivorous Fish
Wielgus, J., F. Ballantyne IV, E. Sala, and L. R. Gerber. 2007. Viability analysis of reef fish populations based on limited demographic information. Conservation Biology 21:447-454. 2007 South & Central America; Mexico Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish
Shazili, N. A. M., B. Y. Kamaruzzaman, N. A. Antonina, S. Zauyah, J. Bidai, A. A. Shamsudin, and A. R. Kamil. 2007. Interpretation of anthropogenic input of metals in the South China Sea bottom sediments off Terengganu (Malaysia) coastline using Al as a reference element. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A 10:47-56. 2007 Malaysia; China Agriculture; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Kuguru, B., G. Winters, S. Beer, S. R. Santos, and N. E. Chadwick. 2007. Adaptation strategies of the corallimorpharian Rhodactis rhodostoma to irradiance and temperature. Marine Biology 151:1287-1298. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Light; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Mangi, S. C. and C. M. Roberts. 2007. Factors influencing fish catch levels on Kenya's coral reefs. Fisheries Management and Ecology 14:245-253. 2007 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sea Urchins; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Walters, C. J. 2007. Is adaptive management helping to solve fisheries problems? Ambio 36:304-307. 2007 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector
Hawkins, J. P., C. M. Roberts, F. R. Gell, and C. Dytham. 2007. Effects of trap fishing on reef fish communities. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 17:111-132. 2007 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Jamaica; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Sahu, M. K., K. Sivakumar, and L. Kannan. 2007. Marine realm: A treasure house for bioprospecting. Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences 9:191-196. 2007 Global Algae; Echinoderms; Housing; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Tunicates
Littler, M. M. and D. S. Littler. 2007. Assessment of coral reefs using herbivory/nutrient assays and indicator groups of benthic primary producers: A critical synthesis, proposed protocols, and critique of management strategies. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 17:195-215. 2007 Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Algae; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Turf Algae
Witmer, G. W., F. Boyd, and Z. Hillis-Starr. 2007. The successful eradication of introduced roof rats (Rattus rattus) from Buck Island using diphacinone, followed by an irruption of house mice (Mus musculus). Wildlife Research 34:108-115. 2007 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Housing; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Turtles
Brooke, S. and R. Stone. 2007. Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Bulletin of Marine Science 81:519-532. 2007 Cuba Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Hydrocoral; Octocoral; Sponges
Wright, D. A., R. Dawson, C. E. Orano-Dawson, and S. M. Moesel. 2007. A test of the efficacy of a ballast water treatment system aboard the vessel Coral Princess. Marine Technology 44:57-67. 2007 Florida; Panama; Columbia Ballast Discharge; Cruise Ships; Light
Raymundo, L. J., A. P. Maypa, E. D. Gomez, and P. Cadiz. 2007. Can dynamite-blasted reefs recover? A novel, low-tech approach to stimulating natural recovery in fish and coral populations. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:1009-1019. 2007 Southeast Asia; Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Mitigation; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Kankara, R. S. and B. R. Subramanian. 2007. Oil spill sensitivity analysis and risk assessment for Gulf of Kachchh, India, using integrated modeling. Journal of Coastal Research 23:1251-1258. 2007 India Model; GIS & Maps Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Petroleum Spills; Transportation Policies
Thiel, M., E. C. Macaya, E. Acuna, W. E. Arntz, H. Bastias, K. Brokordt, P. A. Camus, J. C. Castilla, L. R. Castro, M. Cortes, C. P. Dumont, R. Escribano, M. Fernandez, J. A. Gajardo, C. F. Gaymer, I. Gomez, A. E. Gonzalez, H. E. Gonzalez, P. A. Haye, and J.-E. Illanes. 2007. The Humboldt Current System of northern and central Chile - Oceanographic processes, ecological interactions and socioeconomic feedback. Oceanography and Marine Biology 45:195-344. 2007 South & Central America Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Decision Support; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Primary Production; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Whales & Dolphins
Doyen, L., M. De Lara, J. Ferraris, and D. Pelletier. 2007. Sustainability of exploited marine ecosystems through protected areas: A viability model and a coral reef case study. Ecological Modelling 208:353-366. 2007 New Caledonia Model Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Newton, K., I. M. Cote, G. M. Pilling, S. Jennings, and N. K. Dulvy. 2007. Current and Future Sustainability of Island Coral Reef Fisheries. Current Biology 17:655-658. 2007 Australia Review Fishing Sector
Tupper, M. H. 2007. Spillover of commercially valuable reef fishes from marine protected areas in Guam, Micronesia. Fishery Bulletin 105:527-537. 2007 Micronesia; Guam Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Small Herbivorous Fish
Cardona, L., M. Sales, and D. Lopez. 2007. Changes in fish abundance do not cascade to sea urchins and erect algae in one of the most oligotrophic parts of the Mediterranean. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 72:273-282. 2007 Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertebrates; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Planktivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish
Karpestam, B., J. Gustafsson, N. Shashar, G. Katzir, and R. H. H. Kroger. 2007. Multifocal lenses in coral reef fishes. Journal of Experimental Biology 210:2923-2931. 2007 Fish; Light
Rudershausen, P. J., J. A. Buckel, and E. H. Williams. 2007. Discard composition and release fate in the snapper and grouper commercial hook-and-line fishery in North Carolina, USA. Fisheries Management and Ecology 14:103-113. 2007 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
USCG. 2007. Hazardous Substances Pollution Area Contingency Plan. Florida Keys. 2007 Florida Coastal Defense; Petroleum Spills
Maruska, K. P. and K. A. Peyton. 2007. Interspecific spawning between a recent immigrant and an endemic damselfish (Pisces: Pomacentridae) in the Hawaiian Islands. Pacific Science 61:211-221. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Morrison, A. E. and T. L. Hunt. 2007. Human impacts on the nearshore environment: An archaeological case study from Kaua'i, Hawaiian Islands. Pacific Science 61:325-345. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Molluscs
McField, M. and P. Kramer. 2007. Healthy reefs for healthy people: A guide to indicators of reef health and social well-being in the Mesoamerican Reef region. 1-218. 2007 Global Index or Indicator Climate; Coastal Development; Tourism & Recreation
Chou, J., B. Ben-Nissan, A. H. Choi, R. Wuhrer, and D. Green. 2007. Conversion of coral sand to calcium phosphate for biomedical applications. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society 43:44-48. 2007 Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Dearden, P., M. Bennett, and R. Rollins. 2007. Perceptions of diving impacts and implications for reef conservation. Coastal Management 35:305-317. 2007 Cuba; Thailand Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
Kleshchev, K. A. 2007. Main trends of oil and gas exploration in Russia. Geologiya Nefti i Gaza 2:18-23. 2007 Oman; Europe Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
Mabuza, M. 2007. Two Rivers Platinum mine: The orebody, the mining method - A perfect match. Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 107:43-49. 2007 Agriculture; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Macpherson, R. 2007. coral reefs still in danger from tourism head [6]. Science 317:1498-1500. 2007 Tourism & Recreation
Tsehaye, I., M. A. M. Machiels, and L. A. J. Nagelkerke. 2007. Rapid shifts in catch composition in the artisanal Red Sea reef fisheries of Eritrea. Fisheries Research 86:58-68. 2007 Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Little, L. R., A. E. Punt, B. D. Mapstone, F. Pantus, A. D. M. Smith, C. R. Davies, and A. D. McDonald. 2007. ELFSim-A model for evaluating management options for spatially structured reef fish populations: An illustration of the \larval subsidy\" effect". Ecological Modelling 205:381-396. 2007 Australia Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Vincent, A. C. J., J. J. Meeuwig, M. G. Pajaro, and N. C. Perante. 2007. Characterizing a small-scale, data-poor, artisanal fishery: Seahorses in the central Philippines. Fisheries Research 86:207-215. 2007 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Tittensor, D. P., F. Micheli, M. Nystrom, and B. Worm. 2007. Human impacts on the species-area relationship in reef fish assemblages. Ecology Letters 10:760-772. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Terashima, H., M. Sato, H. Kawasaki, and D. Thiam. 2007. Quantitative biological assessment of a newly installed artificial reef in Yenne, Senegal. Zoological Studies 46:69-82. 2007 Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Friedlander, A. M., E. Brown, and M. E. Monaco. 2007. Defining reef fish habitat utilization patterns in Hawaii: Comparisons between marine protected areas and areas open to fishing. Marine Ecology Progress Series 351:221-233. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii GIS & Maps Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Donner, S. D. and D. Potere. 2007. The inequity of the global threat to coral reefs. Bioscience 57:214-215. 2007 Global Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Pathogens; Sea Temperatures; Waterborne Discharges
Pickering, T. D., P. Skelton, and R. J. Sulu. 2007. Intentional introductions of commercially harvested alien seaweeds. Botanica Marina 50:338-350. 2007 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Invasive Species; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Lapointe, B. E. and B. J. Bedford. 2007. Drift rhodophyte blooms emerge in Lee County, Florida, USA: Evidence of escalating coastal eutrophication. Harmful Algae 6:421-437. 2007 Global; Florida Agriculture; Algae; Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Sudkamp, W. H. 2007. An atypical fauna in the Lower Devonian Hunsruck Slate of Germany. Palaontologische Zeitschrift 81:181-204. 2007 Germany Echinoderms; Housing; Seastars; Sediment
Ding, H., A. Ruijs, and E. C. van Ierland. 2007. Designing a Decision Support System for Marine Reserves Management: An Economic Analysis for the Dutch North Sea. FEEM Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Research Paper Series 23, Italy. 2007 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Decision Support; Fish; Fishing Sector
[No author name available]. 2007. 'Fantasea Ammari' - A \boutique\" cruise vessel for Barrier Reef luxury market". Work Boat World 25:23. 2007 Australia Cruise Ships; Small Boats
Williams, A. J., B. D. Mapstone, and C. R. Davies. 2007. Spatial patterns in cohort-specific mortality of red throat emperor, Lethrinus miniatus, on the Great Barrier Reef. Fisheries Research 84:328-337. 2007 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Storms & Hurricanes
Morell, V. 2007. Marine biology: Into the deep: First glimpse of bering sea canyons heats up fisheries battle. Science 318:181-182. 2007 Fishing Sector
Paul, V. J., K. E. Arthur, R. Ritson-Williams, C. Ross, and K. Sharp. 2007. Chemical defenses: From compounds to communities. Biological Bulletin 213:226-251. 2007 Lab Study Algae; Cyanobacteria; Fleshy Macroalgae; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Brown, M. 2007. 'Tulsa 5': Impressive barrier Reef dive boat form new wave catamarans. Work Boat World 26:68. 2007 Australia Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Small Boats
Smajgl, A. and P. C. Gehrke. 2007. Integrating economic and ecological modelling in the great barrier reef catchments. IAHS-AISH Publication 107-115. 2007 Australia Model Agriculture; Climate; Funding & Incentives; Non-point Source Runoff
Bedry, R. and L. De Haro. 2007. Venomous and poisonous animals. v. envenomations by venomous marine invertebrates [Envenimations ou intoxications par les animaux venimeux ou veneneux v - invertebres marins venimeux]. Medecine Tropicale 67:223-231. 2007 Europe Review Anemones & Zooanthids; Light; Medical Care; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Sea Urchins; Seastars
Pala, C. 2007. Life on the mean reefs. Science 318:1719. 2007 Finfish Harvest; Fish
Rouphael, A. B. and M. Hanafy. 2007. An alternative management framework to limit the impact of SCUBA divers on coral assemblages. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 15:91-103. 2007 Cuba Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Storms & Hurricanes
Juanes, F. 2007. Role of habitat in mediating mortality during the post-settlement transition phase of temperate marine fishes. Journal of Fish Biology 70:661-677. 2007 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting
Diedrich, A. 2007. The impacts of tourism on coral reef conservation awareness and support in coastal communities in Belize. Coral Reefs 26:985-996. 2007 South & Central America; Belize Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Ronnback, P., B. Crona, and L. Ingwall. 2007. The return of ecosystem goods and services in replanted mangrove forests: Perspectives from local communities in Kenya. Environmental Conservation 34:313-324. 2007 Kenya Housing; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Valuation
Villareal, T. A., S. Hanson, S. Qualia, E. L. E. Jester, H. R. Granade, and R. W. Dickey. 2007. Petroleum production platforms as sites for the expansion of ciguatera in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Harmful Algae 6:253-259. 2007 Global; South & Central America; Mexico Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Pathogens; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Liu, L., R. Chen, Y. Lin, G. Li, W. Tian, and S. Li. 2007. Comparison among four kinds of bone tissue engineering scaffold. Key Engineering Materials 963-966. 2007 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Gotz, A., S. E. Kerwath, C. G. Attwood, and W. H. H. Sauer. 2007. Comparison of the effects of different linefishing methods on catch composition and capture mortality of South African temperate reef fish. African Journal of Marine Science 29:177-185. 2007 Oman; South Africa Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Water Depth & Sea Level
Akiyama, S., E. Saito, and T. Watanabe. 2007. Relationship between soak time and number of enmeshed animals in experimentally lost gill nets. Fisheries Science 73:881-888. 2007 Japan Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Wilson, A. 2007. Nonwoven support - From Boscombe Pier to Palm Jumeirah. Technical Textiles International 16:25-28. 2007 Global; United Arab Emirates; Europe Civil Engineering & Construction; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Road Construction & Maintenance; Shoreline Protection
Whelan, C. L. and J. Wyneken. 2007. Estimating predation levels and site-specific survival of hatchling loggerhead seaturtles (Caretta caretta) from South Florida beaches. Copeia 745-754. 2007 Florida Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish; Water Depth & Sea Level
Graham, N. A. J., T. R. McClanahan, Y. Letourneur, and R. Galzin. 2007. Anthropogenic stressors, inter-specific competition and ENSO effects on a Mauritian coral reef. Environmental Biology of Fishes 78:57-69. 2007 Global; Indian Ocean; Mauritius; India Climate; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fish; Fishing Sector; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Crona, B. I. and P. Ronnback. 2007. Community structure and temporal variability of juvenile fish assemblages in natural and replanted mangroves, Sonneratia alba Sm., of Gazi Bay, Kenya. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 74:44-52. 2007 Indian Ocean; Kenya; India Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves
Vann, A. 2007. Marine protected areas (MPAs): federal legal authority. Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC. 2007 Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management
Anderson, L. I., E. N. K. Clarkson, S. E. Stewart, and D. Mitchell. 2007. An Upper Llandovery Konservat-Lagerstatte in a depositional context: The Pentland Hills Eurypterid Bed, Midlothian. Scottish Journal of Geology 43:41-50. 2007 Forestry; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Petersen, D., J. Falcato, P. Gilles, and R. Jones. 2007. Sexual reproduction of scleractinian corals in public aquariums: Current status and future perspectives. International Zoo Yearbook 41:122-137. 2007 Europe Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Stony Coral
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2007. National Artificial Reef Plan: Guidelines for Siting, Construction, Development, and Assessment of Artificial Reefs. US Department of Commerce. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Construction Codes & Projects; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Military; Mitigation; Schools & Colleges
Leis, J. M., A. C. Hay, M. M. Lockett, J.-P. Chen, and L.-S. Fang. 2007. Ontogeny of swimming speed in larvae of pelagic-spawning, tropical, marine fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 349:255-267. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Taiwan Aquaculture; Piscivorous Fish
Bosschieter, C. 2007. Environmental monitoring for the reconstruction of Vilufushi, Maldives. Terra et Aqua 109:14-22. 2007 Maldives Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Housing; Stony Coral; Valuation
Hwang, S. 2007. Page 111 in SEVENTH CARIBBEAN ISLANDS WATER RESOURCES CONGRESS. St. Croix, USVI. 2007 Global; South & Central America; Caribbean Review; Field Study & Monitoring Drinking Water Supply; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Schools & Colleges; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Elliott, M., D. Burdon, K. L. Hemingway, and S. E. Apitz. 2007. Estuarine, coastal and marine ecosystem restoration: Confusing management and science - A revision of concepts. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 74:349-366. 2007 Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Beaches & Nature Parks; Docks & Marinas; Remediation; Seagrasses
Lou, D. C., B. D. Mapstone, G. R. Russ, G. A. Begg, and C. R. Davies. 2007. Using otolith weight-age relationships to predict age based metrics of coral reef fish populations across different temporal scales. Fisheries Research 83:216-227. 2007 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Fishing Sector
McBride, R. S. and M. R. Johnson. 2007. Sexual development and reproductive seasonality of hogfish (Labridae: Lachnolaimus maximus), an hermaphroditic reef fish. Journal of Fish Biology 71:1270-1292. 2007 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Jones, R. J. 2007. Chemical contamination of a coral reef by the grounding of a cruise ship in Bermuda. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:905-911. 2007 Bermuda Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Cruise Ships; Remediation; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Toxics
Norman, B. M. and J. D. Stevens. 2007. Size and maturity status of the whale shark (Rhincodon typus) at Ningaloo Reef in Western Australia. Fisheries Research 84:81-86. 2007 Australia Apex Fish Predators; Tourism & Recreation
Turner, R. A., A. Cakacaka, N. A. J. Graham, N. V. C. Polunin, M. S. Pratchett, S. M. Stead, and S. K. Wilson. 2007. Declining reliance on marine resources in remote South Pacific societies: Ecological versus socio-economic drivers. Coral Reefs 26:997-1008. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Fiji Climate; Finfish Harvest; Housing; Seastars; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Seijo, J. C. 2007. Considerations for management of metapopulations in small-scale fisheries of the Mesoamerican barrier reef ecosystem. Fisheries Research 87:86-91. 2007 South & Central America; Caribbean Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Monetary Valuation
Shirlal, K. G., S. Rao, and Manu. 2007. Ocean wave transmission by submerged reef-A physical model study. Ocean Engineering 34:2093-2099. 2007 Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes
Yamada, M. and Z.-L. Wang. 2007. 137Cs in the western South Pacific Ocean. Science of the Total Environment 382:342-350. 2007 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean; Fiji
Palmtag, M. R. and G. J. Holt. 2007. Experimental studies to evaluate larval survival of the fire shrimp, Lysmata debelius, to the juvenile stage. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 38:102-113. 2007 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Jia, C., B. Li, X. Zhang, and C. Li. 2007. Formation and evolution of the Chinese marine basins. Chinese Science Bulletin 52:11-Jan. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; India; China Coal Mining; Sediment
Williams, A. J., B. D. Mapstone, and C. R. Davies. 2007. Spatial and interannual patterns in growth of an exploited coral-reef fish. Journal of Fish Biology 71:970-992. 2007 Australia Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Zhang, Z., G. Li, L. Yang, and X. Ning. 2007. Bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil by novel bioactive mineral carriers. Pages 394-399 in Battelle Press - 9th International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium 2007. 2007 Lab Study Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Remediation
Morgan, S. K. and A. C. J. Vincent. 2007. The ontogeny of habitat associations in the tropical tiger tail seahorse Hippocampus comes Cantor, 1850. Journal of Fish Biology 71:701-724. 2007 Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Algae; Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Seagrasses; Sponges; Stony Coral
Caceres, T., J. A. Mesa, and F. A. Ortega. 2007. Locating waste pipelines to minimize their impact on marine environment. European Journal of Operational Research 179:1143-1159. 2007 Model Pipelines
Chen, M.-X. and Y.-W. Lin. 2007. Artificial composite bone in repairing bone defects. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:9797-9800. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Dai, J.-H., Q.-H. Hu, M. Dai, D. Yin, Y. C. Dai, and J. X. Zhang. 2007. Enhanced green fluorescent protein labeling technology in monitoring the formation of tissue-engineered bone. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:4496-4499. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Medical Centers
VanBeukering, P., W. Haider, M. Longland, H. Cesar, J. Sablan, S. Shjegstad, B. Beardmore, Y. Liu, and G. O. Garces. 2007. The economic value of Guam�s coral reefs. Technical Report No. 116, University of Guam Marine Laboratory. 2007 Guam Fish; Monetary Valuation; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Livengood, E. J. and F. A Chapman. 2007. The ornamental fish trade: an introduction with perspectives for responsible aquarium fish ownership. University of Florida IFAS Extension FA. 2007 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Environmental Protection Agency. 2007. National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Hydromodification. EPA 841-B-07-002, Office of Water, Washington, DC. 2007 Aquaculture; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water
Murphy, L., G. Moscardo, and P. Benckendorff. 2007. Using brand personality to differentiate regional tourism destinations. Journal of Travel Research 46:14-May. 2007 Australia Tourism & Recreation
Xu, D.-X. and G.-X. Zhang. 2007. Impact of human activities on coastal wetlands in China. Wetland Science 5:282-298. 2007 China Agriculture; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mangroves; Nutrients; Scientific Research; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Blaise, S., E. Deleersnijder, L. White, and J.-F. Remacle. 2007. Influence of the turbulence closure scheme on the finite-element simulation of the upwelling in the wake of a shallow-water island. Continental Shelf Research 27:2329-2345. 2007 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Hotel & Food Services; Sediment
Nordemar, I., G. L. Sjoo, E. Mork, and T. R. McClanahan. 2007. Effects of estimated herbivory on the reproductive potential of four East African algal species - A mechanism behind ecosystem shifts on coral reefs? Hydrobiologia 575:57-68. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sea Urchins
Nuraini, S., E. C. Carballo, W. L. T. Van Densen, M. A. M. Machiels, H. J. Lindeboom, and L. A. J. Nagelkerke. 2007. Utilization of seagrass habitats by juvenile groupers and snappers in Banten Bay, Banten Province, Indonesia. Hydrobiologia 591:85-98. 2007 Indonesia Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Gladstone, W. 2007. Requirements for marine protected areas to conserve the biodiversity of rocky reef fishes. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 17:71-87. 2007 Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Yang, J. C., Q. S. Yin, J. Lin, H. Y. Huang, H. W. Ding, Y. Zhang, and J. Li. 2007. Preparation of cisplatin-impregnated coral hydroxyapatite drug delivery system. Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University 27:283-285. 2007 Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Choi, A. H. and B. Ben-Nissan. 2007. Sol-gel production of bioactive nanocoatings for medical applications. Part II: Current research and development. Nanomedicine 2:51-61. 2007 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Pears, R. J., J. H. Choat, B. D. Mapstone, and G. A. Begg. 2007. Reproductive biology of a large, aggregation-spawning serranid, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskål): Management implications. Journal of Fish Biology 71:795-817. 2007 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
McCarthy, M., G. Henderson, and S. Batos. 2007. The heritage of the deep: Finding s/s Stefano. Nase More 54:233-238. 2007 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Remote Sensing Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites
Swarnakumar, N. S., T. Thangaradjou, K. Sivakumar, and L. Kannan. 2007. Distribution of total heterotrophic bacteria in the coastal waters of the Great Nicobar with special reference to human pathogens. National Academy Science Letters 30:129-137. 2007 Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Seagrasses; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Barron, M., L. Franklin, J. Woodall Jr., S. Wingerter, H. Benghuzzi, and M. Tucci. 2007. Comparison of osteoconductive materials on MG63 osteoblast cell function. Pages 248-253 in Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Affonso, P. R. A. M. and P. M. Galetti Jr. 2007. Genetic diversity of three ornamental reef fishes (Families Pomacanthidae and Chaetodontidae) from the Brazilian coast. Brazilian Journal of Biology 67:925-933. 2007 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Lin, H.-J., C.-Y. Wu, S.-J. Kao, W.-Y. Kao, and P.-J. Meng. 2007. Mapping anthropogenic nitrogen through point sources in coral reefs using δ15N in macroalgae. Marine Ecology Progress Series 335:95-109. 2007 Taiwan Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Algae; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Tourism & Recreation
Mangi, S. C., C. M. Roberts, and L. D. Rodwell. 2007. Reef fisheries management in Kenya: Preliminary approach using the driver-pressure-state-impacts-response (DPSIR) scheme of indicators. Ocean and Coastal Management 50:463-480. 2007 Kenya Review; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Diez, B., K. Bauer, and B. Bergman. 2007. Epilithic cyanobacterial communities of a marine tropical beach rock (Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef): Diversity and diazotrophy. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73:3656-3668. 2007 Australia Cyanobacteria; Nutrients
Leujak, W. and R. F. G. Ormond. 2007. Visitor perceptions and the shifting social carrying capacity of South Sinai's coral reefs. Environmental Management 39:472-489. 2007 Egypt Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Tsounis, G., S. Rossi, J.-M. Gili, and W. E. Arntz. 2007. Red coral fishery at the costa brava (NW Mediterranean): Case study of an overharvested precious coral. Ecosystems 10:975-986. 2007 Cuba; Spain Review; Model Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Special Use Permitting
Fishe, W. S., W. P. Davis, R. L. Quarles, J. Patrick, J. G. Campbell, P. S. Harris, B. L. Hemmer, and M. Parsons. 2007. Characterizing coral condition using estimates of three-dimensional colony surface area. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 125:347-360. 2007 Florida Field Study & Monitoring Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Fishing Sector; Infrastructure; Primary Production; Shoreline Protection; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Goffredo, S., C. Piccinetti, and F. Zaccanti. 2007. Tsunami survey expedition: Preliminary investigation of Maldivian coral reefs two weeks after the event. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 131:95-105. 2007 Maldives; Sri Lanka Tourism & Recreation
Babcock, R. C., J. C. Phillips, M. Lourey, and G. Clapin. 2007. Increased density, biomass and egg production in an unfished population of Western Rock Lobster (Panulirus cygnus) at Rottnest Island, Western Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 58:286-292. 2007 Australia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Tupper, M. 2007. Identification of nursery habitats for commercially valuable humphead wrasse Cheilinus undulatus and large groupers (Pisces: Serranidae) in Palau. Marine Ecology Progress Series 332:189-199. 2007 Palau Algae; Coastal Development; Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Leitao, F., M. N. Santos, and C. C. Monteiro. 2007. Contribution of artificial reefs to the diet of the white sea bream (Diplodus sargus). ICES Journal of Marine Science 64:473-478. 2007 Algae; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates
Schmidt, J. A., S. W. Ellsworth, R. A. Brooks, D. F. Bishop, M. G. Bisett, M. C. Aubele, and H. E. Watkins. 2007. Colonization and habitat use by marine fish and epifauna of the gulfstream pipeline habitat replacement structures. Pages 397-408 in Proceedings of the Biennial International Pipeline Conference, IPC. 2007 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Mitigation; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pipelines; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Sumaila, U.R., William W. L. Cheung and Louise The. 2007. Rebuilding Hong Kong's marine fisheries: an evaluation of management options. FCRR 2007, Vol. 15(3), Fisheries Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC. 2007 Columbia; China Agriculture; Artificial Habitat; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Reach Networks Hong Kong Ltd. 2007. Project Profile: Asia-America Gateway (AAG) Cable Network, South Lantau. Wanchai, Hong Kong SAR. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; India; Taiwan; Europe Review Internet & Telecommunications
Leggat, W., O. Hoegh-Guldberg, S. Dove, and D. Yellowlees. 2007. Analysis of an EST library from the dinoflagellate (Symbiodinium sp.) symbiont of reef-building corals. Journal of Phycology 43:1010-1021. 2007 Global Climate; Microorganisms; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Claro, R., K. Cantelar, F. P. Amargos, and J. P. Garcia-Arteaga. 2007. Changes in fish communities of coral reefs at Sabana-Camaguey Archipelago, Cuba [Cambios en las comunidades de peces de los arrecifes coralinos del Archipielago Sabana-Camaguey, Cuba]. Revista de Biologia Tropical 55:537-547. 2007 Cuba Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Substrate
Zhang, Y., Y. Wang, B. Shi, and X. Cheng. 2007. A platelet-derived growth factor releasing chitosan/coral composite scaffold for periodontal tissue engineering. Biomaterials 28:1515-1522. 2007 Substrate
Jones, A., S. J. Slade, A. J. Williams, B. D. Mapstone, and K. J. Kane. 2007. Pitfalls and benefits of involving industry in fisheries research: A case study of the live reef fish industry in Queensland, Australia. Ocean and Coastal Management 50:428-442. 2007 Australia Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Mumby, P. J., A. R. Harborne, J. Williams, C. V. Kappel, D. R. Brumbaugh, F. Micheli, K. E. Holmes, C. P. Dahlgren, C. B. Paris, and P. G. Blackwell. 2007. Trophic cascade facilitates coral recruitment in a marine reserve. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104:8362-8367. 2007 Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Froukh, T. and M. Kochzius. 2007. Genetic population structure of the endemic fourline wrasse (Larabicus quadrilineatus) suggests limited larval dispersal distances in the Red Sea. Molecular Ecology 16:1359-1367. 2007 Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Planktivorous Fish
Fu, Z.-H. and A.-M. Wang. 2007. Tissue-engineered bone grafts in the repair of bone defects in rabbits: Evaluation of radionuclide bone imaging. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:4500-4503. 2007 Medical Centers; Military; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Li, J., Q.-S. Yin, Y. Zhang, J. C. Yang, and H. W. Zhou. 2007. Biological properties of Ag-impregnated composite coralline hydroxyapatite. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:3472-3475. 2007 Lab Study Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Roberts, R. D., E. F. Keys, G. Prendeville, and C. A. Pilditch. 2007. Viability of abalone (Haliotis iris) stock enhancement by release of hatchery-reared seed in Marlborough, New Zealand. Journal of Shellfish Research 26:697-703. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Fishing Sector; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Nassiri, N. 2007. Industry news: Biocoral wins French patent after three years. Pages 7-Jun Biomedical Materials. 2007 France Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Perrings, C. 2007. Future challenges. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104:15179-15180. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring Coal Mining
Bradshaw, C. J. A., H. F. Mollet, and M. G. Meekan. 2007. Inferring population trends for the world's largest fish from mark-recapture estimates of survival. Journal of Animal Ecology 76:480-489. 2007 Australia Model Apex Fish Predators; Fish
Goodliffe, A. M. and B. Taylor. 2007. The boundary between continental rifting and sea-floor spreading in the Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea. Geological Society Special Publication 217-238. 2007 Papua New Guinea Forestry; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Mehta, R. S. and P. C. Wainwright. 2007. Raptorial jaws in the throat help moray eels swallow large prey. Nature 449:79-82. 2007 Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish
Shih, W.-J., S.-H. Wang, W.-L. Li, M.-H. Hon, and M.-C. Wang. 2007. The phase transition of calcium phosphate coatings deposited on a Ti-6Al-4V substrate by an electrolytic method. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 0:693-696. 2007 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Arena, P. T., L. K. B. Jordan, and R. E. Spieler. 2007. Fish assemblages on sunken vessels and natural reefs in southeast Florida, USA. Hydrobiologia 580:157-171. 2007 Florida; Cuba Artificial Habitat; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Tribollet, A. D. and P. S. Vroom. 2007. Temporal and spatial comparison of the relative abundance of macroalgae across the Mariana Archipelago between 2003 and 2005. Phycologia 46:187-197. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Storms & Hurricanes; Turf Algae
Cinner, J. E. and S. Aswani. 2007. Integrating customary management into marine conservation. Biological Conservation 140:201-216. 2007 Review Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Guidetti, P. and E. Sala. 2007. Community-wide effects of marine reserves in the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 335:43-56. 2007 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sea Urchins
Lindholm, J., P. J. Auster, and A. Knight. 2007. Site fidelity and movement of adult Atlantic cod Gadus morhua at deep boulder reefs in the western Gulf of Maine, USA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 342:239-247. 2007 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Fishing Sector
Moore, S. A. and A. Polley. 2007. Defining indicators and standards for tourism impacts in protected areas: Cape Range National Park, Australia. Environmental Management 39:291-300. 2007 Australia Index or Indicator Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Tourism & Recreation
Roman, G. S. J., P. Dearden, and R. Rollins. 2007. Application of zoning and \limits of acceptable change\" to manage snorkelling tourism". Environmental Management 39:819-830. 2007 Thailand Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Tural, C., R. Sola, R. Rubio, M. Santin, R. Planas, C. Quereda, J. Berenguer, M. Montes-Ramirez, B. Clotet, A. Salas, A. Ballesteros, D. Fuster, G. Sirera, A. Jou, R. Planas, B. Clotet, C. Tural, D. Gimenez, J. A. Galeras, C. Marquez, R. Sola, and F. Pulido. 2007. Safety and efficacy of an induction dose of pegylated interferon alpha-2a on early hepatitis C virus kinetics in HIV/HCV co-infected patients: The CORAL-1 multicentre pilot study. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 14:704-713. 2007 Spain Medical Centers
Richardson, K. E. 2007. Diving expedition medicine - The Coral Cay Conservation experience. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 37:189-197. 2007 Review Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Medical Care; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Seymour, C. 2007. Transferring patients with a urinary catheter. Nursing times 103:52-54. 2007 Discharges; Medical Centers
Sutton, S. G. and S. L. Bushnell. 2007. Socio-economic aspects of artificial reefs: Considerations for the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Ocean and Coastal Management 50:829-846. 2007 Australia Review Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Watanuki, Y., A. Takahashi, F. Daunt, K. Sato, N. Miyazaki, and S. Wanless. 2007. Underwater images from bird-borne cameras provide clue to poor breeding success of Shags in 2005. British Birds 100:466-470. 2007 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Octocoral
Vince, J. 2007. Policy responses to IUU fishing in Northern Australian waters. Ocean and Coastal Management 50:683-698. 2007 Australia; Indonesia Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest
Duvat, V. 2007. Typology of coral beaches (Western Indian Ocean) [Proposition de typologie des plages coralliennes (ocean Indien occidental)]. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 51:307-325. 2007 Indian Ocean; Seychelles; India Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Araujo, J. N. and A. S. Martins. 2007. Age, growth and mortality of white grunt (Haemulon plumierii) from the central coast of Brazil. Scientia Marina 71:793-800. 2007 Model Fish; Fishing Sector
Visser, F., C. H. Roth, R. Wasson, and G. Govers. 2007. A sediment budget for a cultivated floodplain in tropical North Queensland, Australia. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 32:1475-1490. 2007 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Haussermann, V. and G. Forsterra. 2007. Extraordinary abundance of hydrocorals (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Stylasteridae) in shallow water of the Patagonian fjord region. Polar Biology 30:487-492. 2007 Cuba Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Hydrocoral
Banse, K. 2007. Do we live in a largely top-down regulated world? Journal of Biosciences 32:791-796. 2007 India Review Finfish Harvest
Amar, K. O. and B. Rinkevich. 2007. A floating mid-water coral nursery as larval dispersion hub: Testing an idea. Marine Biology 151:713-718. 2007 Global Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Nutrients; Zooxanthellae
Dobbs, K., L. Fernandes, S. Slegers, B. Jago, L. Thompson, J. Hall, J. Day, D. Cameron, J. Tanzer, F. MacDonald, and C. Lumpus. 2007. Incorporating marine turtle habitats into the marine protected area design for the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Queensland, Australia. Pacific Conservation Biology 13:293-302. 2007 Australia Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Turtles
Dodds, L. A., J. M. Roberts, A. C. Taylor, and F. Marubini. 2007. Metabolic tolerance of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa (Scleractinia) to temperature and dissolved oxygen change. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 349:205-214. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral
Hao, A., A. Marui, T. Haraguchi, and Y. Nakano. 2007. Estimation of wet bulb formation in various soil during drip irrigation. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 52:187-193. 2007 Model Irrigation
Collins, K. J. and B. Baldock. 2007. Use of diving computers in brittlestar surveys. Underwater Technology 27:115-118. 2007 Cuba GIS & Maps Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Worms; Water Depth & Sea Level
Aburto-Oropeza, O., E. Sala, G. Paredes, A. Mendoza, and E. Ballesteros. 2007. Predictability of reef fish recruitment in a highly variable nursery habitat. Ecology 88:2220-2228. 2007 South & Central America; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Climate; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Piscivorous Fish
Neves, B. M., E. J. B. Lima, and C. D. Perez. 2007. Brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) associated with the octocoral Carijoa riisei (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from the littoral of Pernambuco, Brazil. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87:1263-1267. 2007 Beaches & Nature Parks; Echinoderms; Octocoral; Seastars; Sponges
Louden, D., S. Whalan, E. Evans-Illidge, C. Wolff, and R. de Nys. 2007. An assessment of the aquaculture potential of the tropical sponges Rhopaloeides odorabile and Coscinoderma sp. Aquaculture 270:57-67. 2007 Australia Aquaculture; Sponges
Nassiri, N. 2007. Materials: Coral bone substitute proves able to heal bone fast and effectively. Pages 3-Jan Biomedical Materials. 2007 Europe; France Collaboration & Partnering; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Nilsson, G. E., J.-P.A. Hobbs, and S. Ostlund-Nilsson. 2007. Tribute to P. L. Lutz: Respiratory ecophysiology of coral-reef teleosts. Journal of Experimental Biology 210:1673-1686. 2007 Fish; Housing; Small Herbivorous Fish
Pais, A., L. A. Chessa, S. Serra, A. Ruiu, G. Meloni, and Y. Donno. 2007. The impact of commercial and recreational harvesting for Paracentrotus lividus on shallow rocky reef sea urchin communities in North-western Sardinia, Italy. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 73:589-597. 2007 Europe Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Mei, M. X., Y. S. Ma, J. Deng, H. M. Chu, and K. B. Zheng. 2007. Sequence-stratigraphic frameworks and their palaeogeographic patterns for the Permian Lopingian of the Dianqiangui Basin and its adjacent areas of Southwestern China. Science in China, Series D: Earth Sciences 50:869-885. 2007 China GIS & Maps Coal Mining; Sediment; Sponges
Levner, E., J. Ganoulis, I. Linkov, and Y. Benayahu. 2007. Multiobjective risk/cost analysis of artificial marine systems using decision trees and fuzzy expert estimations. Pages 161-174 in NATO Security through Science Series C: Environmental Security. 2007 Global Decision Support Frameworks & Tools CO2; Finfish Harvest
Bohnet, I. and D. M. Smith. 2007. Planning future landscapes in the Wet Tropics of Australia: A social-ecological framework. Landscape and Urban Planning 80:137-152. 2007 Australia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture
Guerin, A. J., A. C. Jensen, and D. Jones. 2007. Artificial reef properties of North Sea oil and gas production platforms. in OCEANS 2007 - Europe. 2007 Europe Artificial Habitat; Oil & Gas Rigs
Zlatarski, V.N. 2007. Scleractinians of Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico: Results of 1983-1984 Investigation. Oceanides 22:45-116. 2007 South & Central America; Cuba; Belize; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Teh, L. S. L., D. Zeller, A. Cabanban, L. C. L. Teh, and U. R. Sumaila. 2007. Seasonality and historic trends in the reef fisheries of Pulau Banggi, Sabah, Malaysia. Coral Reefs 26:251-263. 2007 Malaysia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Valentine, J. F., K. L. Heck Jr., D. Blackmon, M. E. Goecker, J. Christian, R. M. Kroutil, K. D. Kirsch, B. J. Peterson, M. Beck, and M. A. Vanderklift. 2007. Food web interactions along seagrass-coral reef boundaries: Effects of piscivore reductions on cross-habitat energy exchange. Marine Ecology Progress Series 333:37-50. 2007 Florida Apex Fish Predators; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Douglas, N. L., K. M. Mullen, S. C. Talmage, and C. D. Harvell. 2007. Exploring the role of chitinolytic enzymes in the sea fan coral, Gorgonia ventalina. Marine Biology 150:1137-1144. 2007 Florida Octocoral; Pathogens; Substrate
Milione, M. and C. Zeng. 2007. The effects of algal diets on population growth and egg hatching success of the tropical calanoid copepod, Acartia sinjiensis. Aquaculture 273:656-664. 2007 Cuba Algae; Aquaculture; Fish; Salinity
Iwamaru, A., E. Iwado, S. Kondo, R. A. Newman, B. Vera, A. D. Rodriguez, and Y. Kondo. 2007. Eupalmerin acetate, a novel anticancer agent from Carribean gorgonian octocorals, induces apoptosis in malignat glioma cells via the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase pathway. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 6:184-192. 2007 South & Central America; Caribbean Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Sponges
Thanner, S. E., T. L. McIntosh, and S. M. Blair. 2006. Development of benthic and fish assemblages on artificial reef materials compared to adjacent natural reef assemblages in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science 78:57-70. 2006 Florida Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish; Mitigation
Pooley, S. G. and M. Pan. 2006. Economic research on the NWHI - A historical perspective. Atoll Research Bulletin 33-50. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Review Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Monetary Valuation; Valuation
Turton, A., C. Schultz, H. Buckle, M. Kgomongoe, T. Malungani, and M. Drackner. 2006. Gold, scorched earth and water: The hydropolitics of Johannesburg. International Journal of Water Resources Development 22:313-335. 2006 South Africa Housing; Resource Use Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water
Dykes, A. P. and J. Gunn. 2006. Hoga island, Sulawesi, Indonesia: Geomorphology and groundwater resources of a small tropical carbonate island. Cave and Karst Science 33:21-28. 2006 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water
Villanueva, R. D., H. T. Yap, and M. N. E. Montano. 2006. Intensive fish farming in the Philippines is detrimental to the reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis. Marine Ecology Progress Series 316:165-174. 2006 Philippines Aquaculture; Nutrients; Primary Production; Sediment; Stony Coral; Substrate
Kumar, R. and V. Lakshmi. 2006. Two new glycosides from the soft coral Sinularia firma. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 54:1650-1652. 2006 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Puthongking, P., C. Patarapanich, S. Amnuoypol, K. Suwanborirux, A. Kubo, and N. Saito. 2006. Chemistry of ecteinascidins. Part 2. Preparation of 6′-O-acyl derivatives of stable ecteinascidin and evaluation of cytotoxicity. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 54:1010-1016. 2006 Japan Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Tunicates
Textor, S. C. 2006. Renovascular hypertension update. Current Hypertension Reports 8:521-527. 2006 Pathogens
Zhang, W., Y.-W. Guo, and Y. Gu. 2006. Secondary metabolites from the South China Sea invertebrates: Chemistry and biological activity. Current Medicinal Chemistry 13:2041-2090. 2006 China Review; Field Study & Monitoring Echinoderms; Invertebrates; Molluscs; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Gomez, E. D. and S. S. Mingoa-Licuanan. 2006. Achievements and lessons learned in restocking giant clams in the Philippines. Fisheries Research 80:46-52. 2006 Philippines Aquarium & Pet Trade; Bivalves; Collaboration & Partnering
Balzarini, J. 2006. Inhibition of HIV entry by carbohydrate-binding proteins. Antiviral Research 71:237-247. 2006 Algae; Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms
Daley, B. and P. Griggs. 2006. Mining the reefs and cays: Coral, guano and rock phosphate extraction in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, 1844-1940. Environment and History 12:395-433. 2006 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mining Policies; Scientific Research
Al-Horani, F. A., S. A. Al-Rousan, M. Al-Zibdeh, and M. A. Khalaf. 2006. The status of coral reefs on the Jordanian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Zoology in the Middle East 38:99-110. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring Hotel & Food Services; Octocoral; Seagrasses; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Jagadis, I., B. Ignatius, D. Kandasami, and MD .A . Khan. 2006. Embryonic and larval development of honeycomb grouper Epinephelus merra Bloch. Aquaculture Research 37:1140-1145. 2006 Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Sawant, S., D. Youssef, A. Mayer, P. Sylvester, V. Wali, M. Arant, and K. El Sayed. 2006. Anticancer and anti-inflammatory sulfur-containing semisynthetic derivatives of sarcophine. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 54:1119-1123. 2006 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Henry, L.-A., E. L. R. Kenchington, T. J. Kenchington, K. G. MacIsaac, C. Bourbonnais-Boyce, and D. C. Gordon Jr. 2006. Impacts of otter trawling on colonial epifaunal assemblages on a cobble bottom ecosystem on Western Bank (northwest Atlantic). Marine Ecology Progress Series 306:63-78. 2006 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Tunicates
Raniello, R., M. Lorenti, C. Brunet, and M. C. Buia. 2006. Photoacclimation of the invasive alga Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea to depth and daylight patterns and a putative new role for siphonaxanthin. Marine Ecology 27:20-30. 2006 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invasive Species; Light
Hou, M.-C., L. Wan, H. Fu, L.-M. Zhou, L.-X. Qi, and R.-L. Yu. 2006. Study on the sedimentary environment of the Upper Ordovician Lianglitage Formation in the south of Tarim River, China. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science and Technology Edition) 33:509-516. 2006 China GIS & Maps Echinoderms; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Brock, J. C., C. W. Wright, I. B. Kuffner, R. Hernandez, and P. Thompson. 2006. Airborne lidar sensing of massive stony coral colonies on patch reefs in the northern Florida reef tract. Remote Sensing of Environment 104:31-42. 2006 Florida Remote Sensing Complex Habitat & Resources; Stony Coral
Popielarczyk, D. and S. Oszczak. 2006. Application of integrated satellite DGPS/GPRS navigation and hydrographic systems for safe sailing on Great Mazurian Lakes in Poland. Pages 188-194 in Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation, National Technical Meeting. 2006 Poland Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Tourism & Recreation
Mackie, M. C. 2006. Anatomical changes to the gonad during protogynous sex change in the half-moon grouper Epinephelus rivulatus (Valenciennes). Journal of Fish Biology 69:176-186. 2006 Finfish Harvest; Piscivorous Fish
Bigot, L., C. Conand, J. M. Amouroux, P. Frouin, H. Bruggemann, and A. Gremare. 2006. Effects of industrial outfalls on tropical macrobenthic sediment communities in Reunion Island (Southwest Indian Ocean). Marine Pollution Bulletin 52:865-880. 2006 Indian Ocean; Reunion; India Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Sediment; Wastewater Discharge
Balaram, V., M. L. Patil, A. K. Agrawal, D. V. Subba Rao, S. N. Charan, M. Satyanarayanan, R. Mathur, K. Kapilavastu, D. S. Sarma, M. Sankara Gowda, S. L. Ramesh, P. Sangurmath, K. V. Anjaiah, B. Dasaram, R. K. Saxena, and Z. Begum. 2006. Preparation and certification of high-grade gold geochemical reference material. Accreditation and Quality Assurance 11:329-335. 2006 Tanzania; India; China Lab Study Collaboration & Partnering; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining
Steiner, S. C. C. and S. M. Williams. 2006. A recent increase in the abundance of the echinoid Diadema antillarum in Dominica (Lesser Antilles): 2001-2005. Revista de Biologia Tropical 54:97-103. 2006 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Heemstra, P. C., K. Hissmann, H. Fricke, M. J. Smale, and J. Schauer. 2006. Fishes of the deep demersal habitat at Ngazidja (Grand Comoro) Island, Western Indian Ocean. South African Journal of Science 102:444-460. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Sink, K. J., W. Bosnoff, T. Samaai, P. G. Timm, and S. E. Kerwath. 2006. Observations of the habitats and biodiversity of the submarine canyons at Sodwana Bay. South African Journal of Science 102:466-474. 2006 South Africa Fish; Molluscs; Octocoral; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands
Van Schoor, M., P. Du Pisani, and D. Vogt. 2006. High-resolution, short-range, in-mine geophysical techniques for the delineation of South African orebodies. South African Journal of Science 102:355-360. 2006 South Africa Mining
Elderd, B. D., V. M. Dukic, and G. Dwyer. 2006. Uncertainty in predictions of disease spread and public health responses to bioterrorism and emerging diseases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103:15693-15697. 2006 Model Pathogens
Dixon, C. D., R. W. Day, S. M. H. Huchette, and S. A. Shepherd. 2006. Successful seeding of hatchery-produced juvenile greenlip abalone to restore wild stocks. Fisheries Research 78:179-185. 2006 Australia Finfish Harvest
Fox, H. E. and R. L. Caldwell. 2006. Recovery from blast fishing on coral reefs: A tale of two scales. Ecological Applications 16:1631-1635. 2006 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral
Tinsman, J. C. and W. H. Whitmore. 2006. Aerial flight methodology to estimate and monitor trends in fishing effort on Delaware artificial reef sites. Bulletin of Marine Science 78:167-176. 2006 Global Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Watanuki, N. and B. J. Gonzales. 2006. The potential of artificial reefs as fisheries management tools in developing countries. Bulletin of Marine Science 78:19-Sep. 2006 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Knackstedt, M. A., C. H. Arns, T. J. Senden, and K. Gross. 2006. Structure and properties of clinical coralline implants measured via 3D imaging and analysis. Biomaterials 27:2776-2786. 2006 Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Ai, H.-W., J. N. Henderson, S. J. Remington, and R. E. Campbell. 2006. Directed evolution of a monomeric, bright and photostable version of Clavularia cyan fluorescent protein: Structural characterization and applications in fluorescence imaging. Biochemical Journal 400:531-540. 2006 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Stony Coral
Baisre, J. A. and Z. Arboleya. 2006. Going against the flow: Effects of river damming in Cuban fisheries. Fisheries Research 81:283-292. 2006 Cuba Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Floeter, S. R., B. S. Halpern, and C. E. L. Ferreira. 2006. Effects of fishing and protection on Brazilian reef fishes. Biological Conservation 128:391-402. 2006 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Kutser, T. and D. L. B. Jupp. 2006. On the possibility of mapping living corals to the species level based on their optical signatures. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 69:607-614. 2006 Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Stony Coral
Kutser, T., I. Miller, and D. L. B. Jupp. 2006. Mapping coral reef benthic substrates using hyperspectral space-borne images and spectral libraries. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 70:449-460. 2006 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Ota, Y. 2006. Fluid bodies in the sea: An ethnography of underwater spear gun fishing in Palau, Melaniesia. Worldviews: Environment, Culture, Religion 10:205-219. 2006 Palau; Micronesia Finfish Harvest; Fish
Boland, R., B. Zgliczynski, J. Asher, A. Hall, K. Hogrefe, and M. Timmers. 2006. Dynamics of debris densities removal at the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands coral reefs. Atoll Research Bulletin 461-470. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Marine Debris; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Love, M. S. and A. York. 2006. The relationships between fish assemblages and the amount of bottom horizontal beam exposed at California oil platforms: Fish habitat preferences at man-made platforms and (by inference) at natural reefs. Fishery Bulletin 104:542-549. 2006 Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs; Sediment
Newman, D. J. and R. T. Hill. 2006. New drugs from marine microbes: the tide is turning. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 33:539-544. 2006 Review Invertebrates; Microorganisms
Worm, B., E. B. Barbier, N. Beaumont, J. E. Duffy, C. Folke, B. S. Halpern, J. B. C. Jackson, H. K. Lotze, F. Micheli, S. R. Palumbi, E. Sala, K. A. Selkoe, J. J. Stachowicz, and R. Watson. 2006. Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services. Science 314:787-790. 2006 Global Fishing Sector
Garrison, V. H., W. T. Foreman, S. Genualdi, D. W. Griffin, C. A. Kellogg, M. S. Majewski, A. Mohammed, A. Ramsubhag, E. A. Shinn, S. L. Simonich, and G. W. Smith. 2006. Saharan dust - A carrier of persistent organic pollutants, metals and microbes to the Caribbean? Revista de Biologia Tropical 54:21-Sep. 2006 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Trinidad; Tobago; Caribbean Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Schools & Colleges
McDaniels, T., H. Longstaff, and H. Dowlatabadi. 2006. A value-based framework for risk management decisions involving multiple scales: a salmon aquaculture example. Environmental Science and Policy 9:423-438. 2006 Columbia Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture
Creque, S. M., M. J. Raffenberg, W. A. Brofka, and J. M. Dettmers. 2006. If you build it, will they come? Fish and angler use at a freshwater artificial reef. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 26:702-713. 2006 Cuba Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Skeletal Coral
Adams, C. P. and V. V. Brantner. 2006. Estimating the cost of new drug development: is it really $802 million? Health Affairs 25:420-428. 2006 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sherman, R. L. and R. E. Spieler. 2006. Tires: Unstable materials for artificial reef construction. Pages 215-223 in WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment. 2006 Florida; Cuba Artificial Habitat; Fish; Physical Damage; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Tabosa, W. F. and H. Vital. 2006. Hydrodynamic forcings and environmental impacts on the coast and shelf of São Bento do Norte - NE/Brazil. Pages 165-174 in WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment. 2006 Finfish Harvest; Oil & Gas Industry; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Tang, M., X. Li, and T. Wang. 2006. Research of high performance artificial reef for breeding abalone in sea water. Key Engineering Materials 398-404. 2006 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest
CERP Committee. 2006. Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan Adaptive Management Strategy. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Collaboration & Partnering; Military
Burridge, C. Y., C. R. Pitcher, B. J. Hill, T. J. Wassenberg, and I. R. Poiner. 2006. A comparison of demersal communities in an area closed to trawling with those in adjacent areas open to trawling: A study in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Australia. Fisheries Research 79:64-74. 2006 Australia Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Campbell, S. J. and S. T. Pardede. 2006. Reef fish structure and cascading effects in response to artisanal fishing pressure. Fisheries Research 79:75-83. 2006 Indonesia Index or Indicator Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Pears, R. J., J. H. Choat, B. D. Mapstone, and G. A. Begg. 2006. Demography of a large grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, from Australia's Great Barrier Reef: Implications for fishery management. Marine Ecology Progress Series 307:259-272. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Live Collection; Piscivorous Fish; Resource Use Management; Special Use Permitting
Garla, R. C., D. D. Chapman, M. S. Shivji, B. M. Wetherbee, and A. F. Amorim. 2006. Habitat of juvenile Caribbean reef sharks, Carcharhinus perezi, at two oceanic insular marine protected areas in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean: Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and Atol das Rocas, Brazil. Fisheries Research 81:236-241. 2006 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Caribbean Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Designate Protected Species; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Substrate
Sekar, R., D. K. Mills, E. R. Remily, J. D. Voss, and L. L. Richardson. 2006. Microbial communities in the surface mucopolysaccharide layer and the black band microbial mat of black band-diseased Siderastrea siderea. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72:5963-5973. 2006 Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Stony Coral
DeMartini, E. E. 2006. Compensatory reproduction in Northwestern Hawaiian Islands lobsters. Atoll Research Bulletin 201-215. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Thapa, B., A. R. Graefe, and L. A. Meyer. 2006. Specialization and marine based environmental behaviors among SCUBA divers. Journal of Leisure Research 38:601-615. 2006 Florida; Cuba Index or Indicator Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Education & Outreach; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Pocock, C. 2006. Turtle riding on the great barrier reef. Society and Animals 14:129-146. 2006 Australia Sea Turtles; Tourism & Recreation
Ble, M. C., R. Arfi, A. F. Yeboua, and K. J. Diopoh. 2006. Food quality of the trophic sources provided by an acadja (Ebrie lagoon, Ivory Coast, West Africa) [Qualite nutritive des sources alimentaires au sein d'un Acadja (Lagune ebrie, Cote d'Ivoire, Afrique de L'Ouest)]. Vie et Milieu 56:255-264. 2006 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Housing; Sediment
Shimomura, M., S. Ohtsuka, and K. Tomikawa. 2006. Ingolfiella inermis n. sp., a new interstital ingolfiellid amphipod from Okinawa, southern Japan (Peracarida, Amphipoda). Crustaceana 79:1097-1105. 2006 Japan Beaches & Nature Parks
Forsman, Z. H., B. Rinkevich, and C. L. Hunter. 2006. Investigating fragment size for culturing reef-building corals (Porites lobata and P. compressa) in ex situ nurseries. Aquaculture 261:89-97. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Aquaculture; Sea Urchins; Stony Coral
Sasaki, K., A. Omura, T. Miwa, Y. Tsuji, H. Matsuda, T. Nakamori, Y. Iryu, T. Yamada, Y. Sato, and H. Nakagawa. 2006. 230Th/234U and 14C dating of a lowstand coral reef beneath the insular shelf off Irabu Island, Ryukyus, southwestern Japan. Island Arc 15:455-467. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan Oil & Gas Industry; Sediment
Hunt, B. and A. C. J. Vincent. 2006. Scale and sustainability of marine bioprospecting for pharmaceuticals. Ambio 35:57-64. 2006 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Coughlin, M. J., J. S. Grimes, and M. P. Kennedy. 2006. Coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft substitute in hindfoot surgery. Foot and Ankle International 27:19-22. 2006 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Lenotre, N. and R. Pedreros. 2006. The impact of climate change on coastlines [Impact du changement climatique sur le littoral]. Geosciences 2006:36-43. 2006 France Model Agriculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Mangroves; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands
Tae, K. K. and J. A. Fuerst. 2006. Diversity of polyketide synthase genes from bacteria associated with the marine sponge Pseudoceratina clavata: Culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. Environmental Microbiology 8:1460-1470. 2006 Australia Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Mangi, S. C. and C. M. Roberts. 2006. Quantifying the environmental impacts of artisanal fishing gear on Kenya's coral reef ecosystems. Marine Pollution Bulletin 52:1646-1660. 2006 Kenya Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Physical Damage; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Silvano, R. A. M., P. F. L. MacCord, R. V. Lima, and A. Begossi. 2006. When does this fish spawn? Fishermen's local knowledge of migration and reproduction of Brazilian coastal fishes. Environmental Biology of Fishes 76:371-386. 2006 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Bortone, S. A. 2006. A perspective of artificial reef research: The past, present, and future. Bulletin of Marine Science 78:8-Jan. 2006 Artificial Habitat; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives
Jensen, L. T., E. Rosenqvist, and J. M. Aaslyng. 2006. A daylight climate chamber for testing greenhouse climate control strategies and calculating canopy carbon dioxide exchange. HortTechnology 16:191-198. 2006 CO2; Irrigation; Light; Primary Production
Kuster, C., V. C. Vuki, and L. P. Zann. 2006. Validation of the accuracy of household reporting of subsistence fishing catch and effort: A Fijian case study. Fisheries Management and Ecology 13:177-184. 2006 Fiji Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Invertebrates
Santos, M. N., P. G. Lino, P. Pousao-Ferreira, and C. C. Monteiro. 2006. Preliminary results of hatchery-reared seabreams released at artificial reefs off the algarve coast (Southern Portugal): A pilot study. Bulletin of Marine Science 78:177-184. 2006 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector
Reynolds, P., J. L. Wiener, J. C. Mogul, M. K. Aguilera, and A. Vahdat. 2006. WAP5: Black-box performance debugging for wide-area systems. Pages 347-356 in Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on World Wide Web. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring
2006. Charting the Course for Ocean Science in the United States: Research Priorities for a Maritime Nation. NSTC Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology. 2006 Global Climate; Scientific Research
Stephens, S. A., N. Broekhuizen, A. B. Macdiarmid, C. J. Lundquist, L. McLeod, and R. Haskew. 2006. Modelling transport of larval New Zealand abalone (Haliotis iris) along an open coast. Marine and Freshwater Research 57:519-532. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Clua, E., P. Legendre, L. Vigliola, F. Magron, M. Kulbicki, S. Sarramegna, P. Labrosse, and R. Galzin. 2006. Medium scale approach (MSA) for improved assessment of coral reef fish habitat. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 333:219-230. 2006 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Campbell, G. 2006. High resolution aeromagnetic mapping of \loss-of-ground\" features at platinum and coal mines in South Africa". South African Journal of Geology 109:439-458. 2006 South Africa Model; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Coal Mining; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining
Omori, M., H. Kubo, K. Kajiwara, H. Matsumoto, and A. Watanuki. 2006. Rapid recruitment of corals on top shell snail aquaculture structures. Coral Reefs 25:280. 2006 Algae; Aquaculture; Fleshy Macroalgae; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral; Substrate
Lam, K., P. K. S. Shin, R. Bradbeer, D. Randall, K. K. K. Ku, P. Hodgson, and S. G. Cheung. 2006. A comparison of video and point intercept transect methods for monitoring subtropical coral communities. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 333:115-128. 2006 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Scientific Research; Stony Coral
Pearn, J. and P. Fenner. 2006. The Jellyfish hunter-Jack Barnes: A pioneer medical toxinologist in Australia. Toxicon 48:762-767. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Invertebrates; Medical Care; Military
Reed, J. K., D. C. Weaver, and S. A. Pomponi. 2006. Habitat and fauna of deep-water Lophelia pertusa coral reefs off the southeastern U.S.: Blake Plateau, Straits of Florida, and Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science 78:343-375. 2006 South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico GIS & Maps Biomedical Research Policies; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Pipelines; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Diaz, J. A. and R. E. Torres. 2006. Classification of underwater color images with applications in the study of deep coral reefs. Pages 610-613 in Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. 2006 US Virgin Islands Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Kadison, E., R. S. Nemeth, S. Herzlieb, and J. Blondeau. 2006. Temporal and spatial dynamics of Lutjanus cyanopterus (Pisces: Lutjanidae) and L. jocu spawning aggregations in the United States Virgin Islands. Revista de Biologia Tropical 54:69-78. 2006 South & Central America; Florida; US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Tissot, B. N., M. M. Yoklavich, M. S. Love, K. York, and M. Amend. 2006. Benthic invertebrates that form habitat on deep banks off southern California, with special reference to deep sea coral. Fishery Bulletin 104:167-181. 2006 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Octocoral; Sponges; Water Depth & Sea Level
Kelley, C. and W. Ikehara. 2006. The impacts of bottomfishing on Raita and West St. Rogatien Banks in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin 305-317. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Cervino, J. M., K. Winiarski-Cervino, S. W. Polson, T. Goreau, and G. W. Smith. 2006. Identification of bacteria associated with a disease affecting the marine sponge Ianthella basta in New Britian, Papua New Guinea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 324:139-150. 2006 Papua New Guinea; Britain Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Sponges
Kelley, C., R. Moffitt, and J. R. Smith. 2006. Mega- to micro-scale classification and description of bottomfish essential fish habitat on four banks in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin 319-332. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii GIS & Maps Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Molluscs; Sediment; Sponges; Substrate; Tunicates
[No author name available]. 2006. The further adventures of. Pages 44-47 Dredging and Port Construction. 2006 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Coal Mining; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Protected Areas; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing
Morgan, S. K. and S. A. Lourie. 2006. Threatened fishes of the world: Hippocampus comes cantor 1850 (Syngnathidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 75:311-313. 2006 Global; Thailand; Malaysia; Vietnam; Indonesia; Philippines Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Biomedical Research Policies; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Seagrasses; Sponges; Stony Coral; Substrate
Chen, B., G.-X. Pei, K. Wang, D. Jin, and K.-H. Wei. 2006. Experimental study on the repair of goat tibia defects with revascularized tissue engineered bone. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 10:164-169. 2006 Index or Indicator Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Vimala, A., C. C. Rath, A. Sree, and S. Patanayak. 2006. Biodiversity and antimicrobial properties of cultivable microbial association of marine sessiler organisms of Orissa coast (Bay of Bengal). Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences 8:17-22. 2006 Aquaculture; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sponges
Fredou, T., B. P. Ferreira, and Y. Letourneur. 2006. A univariate and multivariate study of reef fisheries off northeastern Brazil. ICES Journal of Marine Science 63:883-896. 2006 Antilles; Bahamas; Panama Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Gilbert, A., S. Andrefouet, L. Yan, and G. Remoissenet. 2006. The giant clam Tridacna maxima communities of three French Polynesia islands: comparison of their population sizes and structures at early stages of their exploitation. ICES Journal of Marine Science 63:1573-1589. 2006 GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Cinner, J. E. and T. R. McClanahan. 2006. Socioeconomic factors that lead to overfishing in small-scale coral reef fisheries of Papua New Guinea. Environmental Conservation 33:73-80. 2006 Papua New Guinea Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Feyrer, R., U. Kunzmann, and M. Weyand. 2006. Computer-assisted process simulation: A suitable instrument for process optimization in hospitals [Computerunterstutzte prozesssimulation: Ein beitrag zur prozessoptimierung im OP]. Zentralblatt fur Chirurgie 131:347-353. 2006 Banks, Credit, & Securities; Medical Centers
Muller, J., R. A. J. Wust, and P. J. Hearty. 2006. Sediment transport along an artificial shoreline: \The Strand\", Townsville, NE-Queensland, Australia". Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 66:204-210. 2006 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
Kench, P. S. and R. W. Brander. 2006. Response of reef island shorelines to seasonal climate oscillations: South Maalhosmadulu atoll, Maldives. Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface 111. 2006 Global; Maldives Index or Indicator Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
Ramaiah, N. 2006. A review on fungal discases of algae, marine fishes, shrimps and corals. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 35:380-387. 2006 Global; India Review Algae; Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pathogens
Lindberg, W. J., T. K. Frazer, K. M. Portier, F. Vose, J. Loftin, D. J. Murie, D. M. Mason, B. Nagy, and M. K. Hart. 2006. Density-dependent habitat selection and performance by a large mobile reef fish. Ecological Applications 16:731-746. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish
Gerhardinger, L. C., R. C. Marenzi, A. A. Bertoncini, R. P. Medeiros, and M. Hostim-Silva. 2006. Local ecological knowledge on the goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara (Teleostei: Serranidae) in southern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology 4:441-450. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Tonga Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Substrate
Gass, S. E. and J. M. Roberts. 2006. The occurrence of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa (Scleractinia) on oil and gas platforms in the North Sea: Colony growth, recruitment and environmental controls on distribution. Marine Pollution Bulletin 52:549-559. 2006 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Discharges; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Plankton; Stony Coral
Walsh, H. J., K. E. Marancik, and J. A. Hare. 2006. Juvenile fish assemblages collected on unconsolidated sediments of the southeast United States continental shelf. Fishery Bulletin 104:256-277. 2006 Complex Habitat & Resources; Recreational Fishing; Salinity; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
[No author name available]. 2006. Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Genetically Engineered Probes for Biomedical Applications. in Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Biotechnology Research & Development; Internet & Telecommunications
Pederson, H. G. and C. R. Johnson. 2006. Predation of the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma by rock lobsters (Jasus edwardsii) in no-take marine reserves. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 336:120-134. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins
Aspden, W., G. Pegg, L. Briskey, and W. Sinclair. 2006. Species-specific PCR primers for the mitochondrial genome control region hypervariable region 1 of the reef fish Lutjanus sebae. Molecular Ecology Notes 6:499-501. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Baco, A. R., A. M. Clark, and T. M. Shank. 2006. Six microsatellite loci from the deep-sea coral Corallium lauuense (Octocorallia: Coralliidae) from the islands and seamounts of the Hawaiian archipelago. Molecular Ecology Notes 6:147-149. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Fishing Sector; Octocoral
Burke, L. and Z. Sugg. 2006. Hydrologic Modeling of Watersheds Discharging Adjacent to the Mesoamerican Reef. World Resource Institute. 2006 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Collaboration & Partnering; Discharges; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Lev, E. 2006. Healing with animals in the Levant from the 10th to the 18th century. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2. 2006 Oman Review Housing; Pathogens; Snails & Conch
Kelley Hart. 2006. The upper Neuse Clean Water Iniative Conservation Plan. 2006 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Drinking Water Supply; Improved Technology; Infrastructure; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Utilities Policies
Grootaert, P. and N. L. Evenhuis. 2006. On the distribution of the marine genus Thinolestris Grootaert & Meuffels (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) with a description of a new species from Singapore, Malaysia and Brunei. Zootaxa 59-68. 2006 Australia; Thailand; Malaysia; China Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves
Williams, I. D., W. J. Walsh, A. Miyasaka, and A. M. Friedlander. 2006. Effects of rotational closure on coral reef fishes in Waikiki-Diamond Head Fishery Management Area, Oahu, Hawaii. Marine Ecology Progress Series 310:139-149. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Small Herbivorous Fish
[No author name available]. 2006. International Conference on Coastlines, Structures and Breakwaters 2005: Harmonising Scale and Detail - Proceedings of the International Conference on Coastlines, Structures and Breakwaters 2005. in International Conference on Coastlines, Structures and Breakwaters 2005: Harmonising Scale and Detail - Proceedings of the International Conference on Coastlines, Structures and Breakwaters 2005. 2006 Indian Ocean; Sri Lanka; India Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Weight, A. 2006. The potential development of the Newquay Surf Reef. Pages 74-88 in International Conference on Coastlines, Structures and Breakwaters 2005: Harmonising Scale and Detail - Proceedings of the International Conference on Coastlines, Structures and Breakwaters 2005. 2006 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Song, H., S. R. Kim, H. J. Kim, J. H. Hwang, W. T. Kwon, and Y. Kim. 2006. Preparation and characterization of porous hydroxyapatite block using a HHP method. Key Engineering Materials 1067-1070. 2006 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Muster, D. and C. Meyer. 2006. Needs and trends for biomaterials and biodevices in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 37:485-490. 2006 Europe Field Study & Monitoring; Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Weil, E. 2006. Diversity and relative abundance of corals, octocorals and sponges at Jaragua National Park, Dominican Republic [Diversidad y abundancia relativa de corales, octocorales y esponjas en el Parque Nacional Jaragua, Republica Dominicana.]. Revista de biología tropical 54:423-443. 2006 South & Central America; Cuba; Dominican Republic; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Menza, C., J. Ault, J. Beets, J. Bohnsack, C. Caldow, J. Christensen, A. Friedlander, C. Jeffrey, M. Kendall, J. Luo, M. Monaco, S. Smith, and K. Woody. 2006. A guide to monitoring reef fish in the National Park Service�s South Florida/Caribbean Network. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 39. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2006 South & Central America; Florida; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Model Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Bostock, I. 2006. Canberra merges maritime security operations. Jane's Navy International. 2006 Australia Coastal Defense; Military; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Underwood, J. N., P. B. Souter, E. R. Ballment, A. H. Lutz, and M. J. H. Van Oppen. 2006. Development of 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers from herbicide-bleached tissues of the brooding pocilloporid coral Seriatopora hystrix. Molecular Ecology Notes 6:176-178. 2006 Australia Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Stony Coral
Mumby, P. J., J. D. Hedley, K. Zychaluk, A. R. Harborne, and P. G. Blackwell. 2006. Revisiting the catastrophic die-off of the urchin Diadema antillarum on Caribbean coral reefs: Fresh insights on resilience from a simulation model. Ecological Modelling 196:131-148. 2006 South & Central America; Florida; Jamaica; Caribbean Model Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Bolton, T. F. and W. M. Graham. 2006. Jellyfish on the rocks: Bioinvasion threat of the international trade in aquarium live rock. Biological Invasions 8:651-653. 2006 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Aquarium & Pet Trade; Invasive Species
Martin, C., H. G. Deters, and T. W. Nattkemper. 2006. Fusing biomedical multi-modal data for exploratory data analysis. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 798-807. 2006 GIS & Maps Biomedical Research Policies; Collaboration & Partnering; Fish; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Langlois, T. J., M. J. Anderson, R. C. Babcock, and S. Kato. 2006. Marine reserves demonstrate trophic interactions across habitats. Oecologia 147:134-140. 2006 Bivalves; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Piscivorous Fish
Dolenec, T., S. Lojen, Z. Lambasa, and M. Dolenec. 2006. Effects of fish farm loading on sea grass Posidonia oceanica at Vrgada Island (Central Adriatic): A nitrogen stable isotope study. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 42:77-85. 2006 Aquaculture; Nutrients
Hviding, E. 2006. Knowing and managing biodiversity in the Pacific Islands: Challenges of environmentalism in Marovo Lagoon. International Social Science Journal 58:69-85. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Solomon Islands Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Forestry; Landscape Conservation & Restoration
United Nations Environment Program - World Conservation Monitoring Center (UNEP-WCMC). 2006. In the front line: shoreline protection and other ecosystem services from mangroves and coral reefs. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. 2006 Global; South & Central America; Indian Ocean; India; Mexico Climate; Coastal Development; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Mitigation; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation
Tawa, M. 2006. Stone tidal weir fishing in the Penghu Islands, Taiwan, in the early 1910s. Japanese Journal of Human Geography 58:73-90. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Southeast Asia; Taiwan Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Small Boats
Larson, S. and A. Smajgl. 2006. Conceptual framework for the water use benefit index in the Great Barrier Reef region. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 1:157-169. 2006 Australia Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Internet & Telecommunications
Mumby, P. J., C. P. Dahlgren, A. R. Harborne, C. V. Kappel, F. Micheli, D. R. Brumbaugh, K. E. Holmes, J. M. Mendes, K. Broad, J. N. Sanchirico, K. Buch, S. Box, R. W. Stoffle, and A. B. Gill. 2006. Fishing, Trophic Cascades, and the Process of Grazing on Coral Reefs. Science 311:98-101. 2006 South & Central America; Caribbean Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Sea Urchins
Lecchini, D., S. Polti, Y. Nakamura, P. Mosconi, M. Tsuchiya, G. Remoissenet, and S. Planes. 2006. New perspectives on aquarium fish trade. Fisheries Science 72:40-47. 2006 Agriculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fishing Sector
Harborne, A. R., P. J. Mumby, F. Micheli, C. T. Perry, C. P. Dahlgren, K. E. Holmes, and D. R. Brumbaugh. 2006. The functional value of Caribbean coral reef, seagrass and mangrove habitats to ecosystem processes. Advances in Marine Biology 50:57-189. 2006 South & Central America; Caribbean Review; Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mangroves; Mitigation; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Stony Coral
Peng, Z., J. Liu, C. Zhou, B. Nie, and T. Chen. 2006. Temporal variations of heavy metals in coral Porites lutea from Guangdong Province, China: Influences from industrial pollution, climate and economic factors. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 25:132-138. 2006 China Agriculture; Climate; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. 2006. Birding in the United States: a demographic and economic analysis. Addendum to the 2006 national survey of fishing, hunting, and wildlife-associated recreation. Report 2006-4. 2006 Finfish Harvest; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Davenport, J. and J. L. Davenport. 2006. The impact of tourism and personal leisure transport on coastal environments: A review. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 67:280-292. 2006 Cuba Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Boating Regulations; Cruise Ships; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Docks & Marinas; Hotel & Food Services; Infrastructure; Invasive Species; Land & Air Transportation; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Mous, P. J., Y. Sadovy, A. Halim, and J. S. Pet. 2006. Capture for culture: Artificial shelters for grouper collection in SE Asia. Fish and Fisheries 7:58-72. 2006 Southeast Asia; Indonesia Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Live Collection; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish
World Resource Institute. 2006. Value of coral reefs in Caribbean islands: draft economic valuation methodology. 2006 South & Central America; St. Lucia; Trinidad; Tobago; Caribbean Review; GIS & Maps Cruise Ships; Fishing Sector; Monetary Valuation; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Dirhamsyah, D. 2006. Indonesian legislative framework for coastal resources management: A critical review and recommendation. Ocean and Coastal Management 49:68-92. 2006 Indonesia Review Fishing Sector; Special Use Permitting
Chen, P. 2006. Evaluation on service value of wetland ecosystem in Xiamen City. Wetland Science 4:101-107. 2006 Global; China GIS & Maps Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Scientific Research; Shoreline Protection; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands
Lan, Z.-H., Y. Liao, Y.-Z. Xiao, and G.-Z. Chen. 2006. Degradation and conservation of coastal wetlands in South China Sea. Wetland Science 4:204-209. 2006 Global; China Fishing Sector; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Wetlands
Braga, J. C., J. M. Martin, C. Betzler, and J. Aguirre. 2006. Models of temperate carbonate deposition in Neogene basins in SE Spain: A synthesis. Geological Society Special Publication 121-135. 2006 Spain Model Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Coralline Algae; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Liu, X. D., S. P. Zhao, L. G. Sun, H. H. Luo, X. B. Yin, Z. Q. Xie, Y. H. Wang, K. X. Liu, X. H. Wu, X. F. Ding, and D. P. Fu. 2006. Geochemical evidence for the variation of historical seabird population on Dongdao Island of the South China Sea. Journal of Paleolimnology 36:259-279. 2006 China Marine Birds; Sediment
Aslan, O. 2006. Off-shore nursing [Kiyilarin otesindeki hemşirelik]. SENDROM 18:99-101. 2006 Coastal Defense; Military
Blyth-Skyrme, R. E., M. J. Kaiser, J. G. Hiddink, G. Edwards-Jones, and P. J. B. Hart. 2006. Conservation benefits of temperate marine protected areas: Variation among fish species. Conservation Biology 20:811-820. 2006 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing
Dubois, S., J. A. Commito, F. Olivier, and C. Retiere. 2006. Effects of epibionts on Sabellaria alveolata (L.) biogenic reefs and their associated fauna in the Bay of Mont Saint-Michel. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 68:635-646. 2006 Europe; France Algae; Aquaculture; Bivalves; Marine Worms
Han, Q., X. Huang, P. Shi, and Q. Zhang. 2006. Coastal wetland in South China: Degradation trends, causes and protection countermeasures. Chinese Science Bulletin 51:121-128. 2006 China Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mangroves; Scientific Research; Wetlands
Chen, B., G. X. Pei, K. Wang, and G. H. Tang. 2006. Long-term observation of large weight-bearing bone defect in goats repaired with tissue engineering technique. Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University 26:770-773. 2006 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Neves, T. D. S., A. A. Carpanezzi, K. C. Zuffellato-Ribas, and R. A. Marenco. 2006. Rooting of Brazilian coral as a function of cutting types and season of the year [Enraizamento de corticeira-da-serra em funcão do tipo de estaca e variacões sazonais]. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira 41:1699-1705. 2006 Forestry; Substrate
Aguilar-Perera, A., M. Scharer, and M. Nemeth. 2006. Occurrence of Juvenile Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Teleostei: Serranidae), off Mona Island, Puerto Rico: Considerations of recruitment potential. Caribbean Journal of Science 42:264-267. 2006 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Dominican Republic; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Ueda, Y., Y. Narimatsu, T. Hattori, M. Ito, D. Kitagawa, N. Tomikawa, and T. Matsuishi. 2006. Fishing efficiency estimated based on the abundance from virtual population analysis and bottom-trawl surveys of Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus in the waters off the Pacific coast of northern Honshu, Japan. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi (Japanese Edition) 72:201-209. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan Finfish Harvest; Fish; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Lambo, A. L. and R. F. G. Ormond. 2006. Continued post-bleaching decline and changed benthic community of a Kenyan coral reef. Marine Pollution Bulletin 52:1617-1624. 2006 Global; Kenya Calcareous Macroalgae; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Mann, B. Q., L. Celliers, S. T. Fennessy, S. Bailey, and A. D. Wood. 2006. Towards the declaration of a large marine protected area: A subtidal ichthyofaunal survey of the Pondoland coast in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 28:535-551. 2006 South Africa Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Shrestha, S. and S. K. Deo. 2006. Anthozoa red fluorescent protein in biosensing. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 386:515-524. 2006 Biomedical Research Policies; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Petersen, D., M. Laterveer, D. Van Bergen, M. Hatta, R. Hebbinghaus, M. Janse, R. Jones, U. Richter, T. Ziegler, G. Visser, and H. Schuhmacher. 2006. The application of sexual coral recruits for the sustainable management of ex situ populations in public aquariums to promote coral reef conservation - SECORE Project. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 16:167-179. 2006 Japan; Europe Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Stony Coral
Li, D.-H., Y. Tang, J.-F. Yin, J. Li, and F. Xie. 2006. Features of organic reefs in the upper permian changxing formation and prediction of hidden reefs in the huanglongchang structure, eastern sichuan. Geology in China 33:433-435. 2006 Forestry; Sponges
Wakibia, J. G., J. J. Bolton, D. W. Keats, and L. M. Raitt. 2006. Factors influencing the growth rates of three commercial eucheumoids at coastal sites in southern Kenya. Journal of Applied Phycology 18:565-573. 2006 Kenya Aquaculture; Mangroves; Nutrients; Salinity
Bevilacqua, S., A. Terlizzi, S. Fraschetti, G. F. Russo, and F. Boero. 2006. Mitigating human disturbance: Can protection influence trajectories of recovery in benthic assemblages? Journal of Animal Ecology 75:908-920. 2006 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Mitigation
Pocock, C. 2006. Tourists riding turtles. Australian Zoologist 33:425-435. 2006 Australia Tourism & Recreation
Stotz, W. B., L. Caillaux, and J. Aburto. 2006. Interactions between the Japanese abalone Haliotis discus hannai (Ino 1953) and Chilean species: Consumption, competition, and predation. Aquaculture 255:447-455. 2006 Japan Lab Study Algae; Fishing Sector; Molluscs
Topping, D. T., C. G. Lowe, and J. E. Caselle. 2006. Site fidelity and seasonal movement patterns of adult California sheephead Semicossyphus pulcher (Labridae): An acoustic monitoring study. Marine Ecology Progress Series 326:257-267. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Cinner, J., M. J. Marnane, T. R. McClanahan, and G. R. Almany. 2006. Periodic closures as adaptive coral reef management in the Indo-Pacific. Ecology and Society 11. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Papua New Guinea; Indonesia Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Alcala, A. C. and G. R. Russ. 2006. No-take marine reserves and reef fisheries management in the Philippines: A new people power revolution. Ambio 35:245-254. 2006 Oman; Philippines Model Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Harding, S., J. Comley, and P. Raines. 2006. Baseline data analysis as a tool for predicting the conservation value of tropical coastal habitats in the Indo-Pacific. Ocean and Coastal Management 49:696-705. 2006 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean; United Kingdom Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management; Social Organizations
Yakimov, M. M., S. Cappello, E. Crisafi, A. Tursi, A. Savini, C. Corselli, S. Scarfi, and L. Giuliano. 2006. Phylogenetic survey of metabolically active microbial communities associated with the deep-sea coral Lophelia pertusa from the Apulian plateau, Central Mediterranean Sea. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 53:62-75. 2006 Microorganisms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Stanford, R. 2006. Lyme Bay - Testing the government's will on marine conservation. Ecos: CSIRO/Environmental Research 27:22-27. 2006 Finfish Harvest
Short, A. D. 2006. Australian beach systems - Nature and distribution. Journal of Coastal Research 22:27-Nov. 2006 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment
Tsounis, G., S. Rossi, M. Aranguren, J.-M. Gili, and W. Arntz. 2006. Effects of spatial variability and colony size on the reproductive output and gonadal development cycle of the Mediterranean red coral (Corallium rubrum L.). Marine Biology 148:513-527. 2006 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Octocoral; Special Use Permitting
Nellemann, C. and E. Corcoran. 2006. Our precious coasts � Marine pollution, climate change and the resilience of coastal ecosystems. United Nations Environment Programme, GRID, Arendal, Norway. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Climate; CO2; Coastal Development; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Infrastructure; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Pathogens; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges
Booth, D. T. and C. Freeman. 2006. Sand and nest temperatures and an estimate of hatchling sex ratio from the Heron Island green turtle (Chelonia mydas) rookery, Southern Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 25:629-633. 2006 Australia; Cuba Beaches & Nature Parks; Sea Turtles
Smith, M. D., J. Zhang, and F. C. Coleman. 2006. Effectiveness of marine reserves for large-scale fisheries management. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 63:153-164. 2006 South & Central America; Mexico Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Zhao, G.-Y., Y.-Y. Hu, J. Liu, and R. Lu. 2006. Enlarging effect of three various carriers on bone formation induced by recombinant human bone morphogenic protein 2. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 10:54-56. 2006 Lab Study Military
Yum, S. 2006. Ubiquitin expression in soft coral (Scleronephthya gracillimum) exposed to environmental stresses. Korean Journal of Genetics 28:149-156. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Octocoral; Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral
Dobson, J. 2006. Sharks, wildlife tourism, and state regulation. Pages 15-23 in Tourism in Marine Environments. 2006 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean; South Africa Apex Fish Predators; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
Mendes, L. D. F. 2006. Natural history focus blennies and gobis behaviour (Actinopterygii, Blennioidei, Gobioidei) from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago [Historia natural dos ambores e peixes-macaco (Actinopterygii, Blennioidei, Gobioidei) do Parque Nacional Marinho do Arquip�. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 23:817-823. 2006 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish
Ramade, F. and H. Roche. 2006. Pollutant effects on coral reefs ecosystems [Effets des polluants sur les ecosystemes recifaux]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 61:Mar-33. 2006 Global Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Primary Production; Sediment; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Mydlarz, L. D., L. E. Jones, and C. D. Harvell. 2006. Innate immunity, environmental drivers, and disease ecology of marine and freshwater invertebrates. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 37:251-288. 2006 Review Aquaculture; Climate; Pathogens; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Claudet, J., D. Pelletier, J.-Y. Jouvenel, F. Bachet, and R. Galzin. 2006. Assessing the effects of marine protected area (MPA) on a reef fish assemblage in a northwestern Mediterranean marine reserve: Identifying community-based indicators. Biological Conservation 130:349-369. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Pondella II, D. J., L. G. Allen, M. T. Craig, and B. Gintert. 2006. Evaluation of eelgrass mitigation and fishery enhancement structures in San Diego Bay, California. Bulletin of Marine Science 78:115-131. 2006 Fish; Fishing Sector; Mitigation; Skeletal Coral
Ablan, M. C. A. 2006. Microsatellite loci for studies on population differentiation and connectivity of the red-bellied yellow tail fusilier, Caesio cuning (Caesionidae). Molecular Ecology Notes 6:170-172. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector
Chen, J., Z. Mao, D. Pan, and X. He. 2006. Capabilities of three satellite images to map coral reefs at Dong-Sha Atoll. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 6406. 2006 China Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Finfish Harvest
Dearden, P., M. Bennett, and R. Rollins. 2006. Implications for coral reef conservation of diver specialization. Environmental Conservation 33:353-363. 2006 Cuba; Thailand Field Study & Monitoring; Model Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Funding & Incentives; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Zhang, Q., Q. Shi, G. Chen, T. C. W. Fong, D. C. C. Wong, H. Huang, H. Wang, and M. Zhao. 2006. Status monitoring and health assessment of Luhuitou fringing reef of Sanya, Hainan, China. Chinese Science Bulletin 51:81-88. 2006 China Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Sediment
Abesamis, R. A., G. R. Russ, and A. C. Alcala. 2006. Gradients of abundance of fish across no-take marine reserve boundaries: Evidence from Philippine coral reefs. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 16:349-371. 2006 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fish
McClanahan, T. R., E. Verheij, and J. Maina. 2006. Comparing the management effectiveness of a marine park and a multiple-use collaborative fisheries management area in East Africa. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 16:147-165. 2006 Kenya; Tanzania Algae; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Stony Coral
Ashworth, J. S., O. E. Bruce, and M. El Hellw. 2006. Fish assemblages of Red Sea backreef biotopes. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 16:593-609. 2006 Egypt Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Seagrasses; Small Herbivorous Fish
Linan-Cabello, M. A., L. Flores-Ramirez, J. S. Zacarias-Salinas, O. Hernandez-Rovelo, and C. Lezama-Cervantes. 2006. Correlation of chlorophyll a and total carotenoid concentrations with coral bleaching from locations on the Pacific coast of Mexico. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 39:279-291. 2006 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Mexico Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Stony Coral
Regan, K. and B. Nadilo. 2006. Early romanesque sacral buildings in dubrovnik area (II) [Ranoromaničke sakralne gradevine dubrovačkog područja (II.)]. Gradjevinar 58:231-242. 2006 Oman Social Organizations
Bybee, D. R., J. H. Bailey-Brock, and C. S. Tamaru. 2006. Larval development of Sabellastarte spectabilis (Grube, 1878) (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) in Hawaiian waters. Scientia Marina 70:279-286. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Marine Worms
Calado, R. 2006. Marine ornamental species from European waters: A valuable overlooked resource or a future threat for the conservation of marine ecosystems? Scientia Marina 70:389-398. 2006 Europe Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Johnson-Roberson, M., S. Kumar, O. Pizarro, and S. Willams. 2006. Stereoscopic imaging for coral segmentation and classification. in OCEANS 2006. 2006 Complex Habitat & Resources; Pipelines
Perkins, R.G., J-L. Mouget, S. Lefebvre, J. Lavaud. 2006. Light response curve methodology and possible implications in the application of chlorophyll fluorescence to benthic diatoms. Marine Biology 149:703-712. 2006 Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Light; Sediment
Babinsky, H., L. Cattafesta, and G. Abate. 2006. Design considerations for a micro aerial vehicle aerodynamic characterization facility at the University of Florida research and engineering education facility. Pages 713-722 in Collection of Technical Papers - 25th AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference. 2006 Florida Lab Study Collaboration & Partnering; Military
Moffitt, R. B., J. Johnson, and G. Dinardo. 2006. Spatiotemporal analysis of lobster trap catches: Impacts of trap fishing on community structure. Atoll Research Bulletin 217-236. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Study Location Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Zou, C., S. Tao, and Z. Gu. 2006. Formation conditions and distribution rules of large lithologic oil-gas fields with low abundance in China. Acta Geologica Sinica 80:1739-1751. 2006 China Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Aronson, R.B. and W.F. Precht. 2006. Conservation, precaution, and Caribbean reefs. Coral Reefs 25:441-450. 2006 Global; South & Central America; Caribbean Algae; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Pathogens; Small Herbivorous Fish
Quinn, N. J. and B. L. Kojis. 2006. Evaluating the potential of natural reproduction and artificial techniques to increase Acropora cervicornis populations at Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Revista de Biologia Tropical 54:105-116. 2006 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Jamaica; Caribbean Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Hotel & Food Services; Stony Coral; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Mills, D. J., C. Gardner, and C. R. Johnson. 2006. Experimental reseeding of juvenile spiny lobsters (Jasus edwardsii): Comparing survival and movement of wild and naïve lobsters at multiple sites. Aquaculture 254:256-268. 2006 Australia Model Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Morrisey, D. J., R. G. Cole, N. K. Davey, S. J. Handley, A. Bradley, S. N. Brown, and A. L. Madarasz. 2006. Abundance and diversity of fish on mussel farms in New Zealand. Aquaculture 252:277-288. 2006 Algae; Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Plankton; Recreational Fishing; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Chittaro, P. M., P. Usseglio, and P. F. Sale. 2005. Variation in fish density, assemblage composition and relative rates of predation among mangrove, seagrass and coral reef habitats. Environmental Biology of Fishes 72:175-187. 2005 South & Central America; Caribbean Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Amaral, A. C. Z. and S. Jablonski. 2005. Conservation of marine and coastal biodiversity in Brazil. Conservation Biology 19:625-631. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Echinoderms; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector; Infrastructure; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Tourism & Recreation
[No author name available]. 2005. Exploration & development - Quick takes: Woodside pushes Pluto, Browse basin work. Oil and Gas Journal 103:8. 2005 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Pipelines; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Granek, E. E. and M. A. Brown. 2005. Co-management approach to marine conservation in Moheli, Comoros Islands. Conservation Biology 19:1724-1732. 2005 Indian Ocean; Comoros; India Field Study & Monitoring; Model Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Sea Turtles; Tourism & Recreation
Sheppard, C., D. J. Dixon, M. Gourlay, A. Sheppard, and R. Payet. 2005. Coral mortality increases wave energy reaching shores protected by reef flats: Examples from the Seychelles. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 64:223-234. 2005 Seychelles Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Seagrasses; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Strelcheck, A. J., J. H. Cowan Jr., and A. Shah. 2005. Influence of reef location on artificial-reef fish assemblages in the northcentral Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science 77:425-440. 2005 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Duvat, V. 2005. Coral reef coasts in small islands of the western Indian Ocean. Second part. Development and management [Les littoraux coralliens des petites îles de l'ouest de l'ocean Indien. Seconde partie. Amenagement et gestion]. Oceanis 31:195-341. 2005 Indian Ocean; India Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Development; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research
Moreno, P. S. 2005. Ecotourism along the Meso-American caribbean reef: The impacts of foreign investment. Human Ecology 33:217-244. 2005 South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Caribbean Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Tourism & Recreation
Stieglitz, T. 2005. Submarine groundwater discharge into the near-shore zone of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:51-59. 2005 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Mangroves; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Kim, Y. H., H. Song, D. H. Riu, S. R. Kim, H. J. Kim, and J. H. Moon. 2005. Preparation of porous Si-incorporated hydroxyapatite. Current Applied Physics 5:538-541. 2005 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Lin, Y.-C., Y.-L. Huang, A. T. Khalil, M.-H. Chen, and Y.-C. Shen. 2005. Juncenolides F and G, two new briarane diterpenoids from Taiwanese Gorgonian Junceella juncea. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 53:128-130. 2005 Japan; Taiwan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Muralidhar, P., M. M. Kumar, N. Krishna, C. B. Rao, and D. V. Rao. 2005. New sphingolipids and a sterol from a Lobophytum species of the Indian Ocean. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 53:168-171. 2005 Indian Ocean; India; Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hawkins, J. P., C. M. Roberts, D. Kooistra, K. Buchan, and S. White. 2005. Sustainability of scuba diving tourism on coral reefs of Saba. Coastal Management 33:373-387. 2005 South & Central America; Antilles; Cuba; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Chan, G. L. 2005. The five-year recruitment of marine life after the 1971 San Francisco oil spill. Page 3151 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Seastars; Snails & Conch
Govender, Y., M. R. Jury, A. Mthembu, S. Hatesse, and E. Bulfoni. 2005. Socio-economic status and development potential for a rural community on the Maputaland coast of South Africa. South African Geographical Journal 87:37-42. 2005 Indian Ocean; India; South Africa Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Housing; Infrastructure; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Tourism & Recreation
Johnson, M. E. and B. G. Baarli. 2005. Erosion and burial of granite rocky shores in the recent and late pleistocene of the Seychelles Islands: Physical and biological perspectives. Journal of Coastal Research 21:867-879. 2005 Seychelles Review Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Skeletal Coral
Morton, B. 2005. Fishing perturbations and beached corals in the Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong (2000-2002) and a summary of data obtained from January 1996 to March 2003. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50:1273-1286. 2005 Finfish Harvest; Salinity; Storms & Hurricanes
Dhalin, J. and J. Michel. 2005. Resource response guides. Page 7035 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 GIS & Maps Bivalves; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Birds; Octopus & Squid; Petroleum Spills; Whales & Dolphins
Hunter Jr., M. L. 2005. A mesofilter conservation strategy to complement fine and coarse filters. Conservation Biology 19:1025-1029. 2005 Agriculture; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Invertebrates; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Diamant, A., M. Ucko, I. Paperna, A. Colorni, and A. Lipshitz. 2005. Kudoa iwatai (Myxosporea: Multivalvulida) in wild and cultured fish in the red sea: Redescription and molecular phylogeny. Journal of Parasitology 91:1175-1189. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan; Europe Aquaculture; Fish
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2005. TRIM - Total Risk Integrated Methodology: TRIM.FaTE User's Guide. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. 2005 Review; Model
Robertson, D. R., J. H. Choat, J. M. Posada, J. Pitt, and J. L. Ackerman. 2005. Ocean surgeonfish Acanthurus bahianus. II. Fishing effects on longevity, size and abundance? Marine Ecology Progress Series 295:245-256. 2005 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Panama; Venezuela; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Small Herbivorous Fish
Yan, X.-H. and Y.-W. Guo. 2005. A pharmaceutical perspective on soft coral: Chemistry and bioactivity. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 3:65-73. 2005 Review Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Dalyell, T. 2005. Westminster diary. New Scientist 185:21. 2005 Forestry
Iskander, M. M., A. E. El-Anssary, M. M. A. El-Mooty, and H. M. Nagy. 2005. Simplified method to simulate wave transformations across coral reefs. AEJ - Alexandria Engineering Journal 44:79-89. 2005 Egypt Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Shoreline Protection
Mak, K. K. W., H. Yanase, and R. Renneberg. 2005. Cyanide fishing and cyanide detection in coral reef fish using chemical tests and biosensors. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 20:2581-2593. 2005 Philippines Review Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Rooper, C. N., M. Zimmermann, and P. D. Spencer. 2005. Using ecologically based relationships to predict distribution of flathead sole Hippoglossoides elassodon in the eastern Bering Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 290:251-262. 2005 Model Anemones & Zooanthids; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Physical Variables; Sediment; Sponges
Schleyer, M. H. and L. Celliers. 2005. Modelling reef zonation in the Greater St Lucia Wetland Park, South Africa. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 63:373-384. 2005 Global; South Africa Model; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Decision Support; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands
Cinner, J. E., M. J. Marnane, T. R. McClanahan, T. H. Clark, and J. Ben. 2005. Trade, tenure, and tradition: Influence of sociocultural factors on resource use in melanesia. Conservation Biology 19:1469-1477. 2005 Papua New Guinea Cultural Policies; Funding & Incentives; Housing; Stony Coral
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. 2005. Contaminated Sediment Remediation Guidance for Hazardous Waste Sites. EPA-540-R-05-012, US Environmental Protection Agency. 2005 India Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Model Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Health Policies; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Remediation; Security Policies; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Solid Waste Disposal; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Waste Management Policies
Bello, P. J., L. V. Rios, C. M. A. Liceaga, M. C. Zetina, C. K. Cervera, B. P. Arceo, and N. H. Hernandez. 2005. Incorporating spatial analysis of habitat into spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) stock assessment at Alacranes reef, Yucatan, Mexico. Fisheries Research 73:37-47. 2005 South & Central America; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Bergenius, M. A. J., B. D. Mapstone, G. A. Begg, and C. D. Murchie. 2005. The use of otolith chemistry to determine stock structure of three epinepheline serranid coral reef fishes on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Fisheries Research 72:253-270. 2005 Australia Apex Fish Predators; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Moss, A., J. Brodie, and M. Furnas. 2005. Water quality guidelines for the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area: A basis for development and preliminary values. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:76-88. 2005 Australia Index or Indicator Agriculture; Nutrients; Sediment
Bocquene, G. and A. Franco. 2005. Pesticide contamination of the coastline of Martinique. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:612-619. 2005 South & Central America; Martinique; Caribbean; France Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Climate; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fish; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Mackie, M. C., P. D. Lewis, D. J. Gaughan, and S. J. Newman. 2005. Variability in spawning frequency and reproductive development of the narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) along the west coast of Australia. Fishery Bulletin 103:344-354. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish
Parsons, D. M. and D. B. Eggleston. 2005. Indirect effects of recreational fishing on behavior of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 303:235-244. 2005 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Lab Study Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2005. Indonesia: preliminary damage and loss assessment, December 26, 2004 Natural Disaster. Technical Report. Consultative Group on Indonesia. 2005 Global; Indian Ocean; India; Indonesia Agriculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Fishing Sector; Housing; Infrastructure; Military; Mitigation; Skeletal Coral
Capili, E. B., A. C. S. Ibay, and J. R. T. Villarin. 2005. Climate change impacts and adaptation on Philippine coasts. in Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005. 2005 Review Banks, Credit, & Securities; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing Sector; Pathogens; Plankton; Seagrasses; Special Use Permitting
Forsman, R. B. 2005. Life and death on the coral reef: An ecological perspective on scholarly publishing in the health sciences. Pages 15-Jul in Journal of the Medical Library Association. 2005 Model
Russell, D. J. and A. J. McDougall. 2005. Movement and juvenile recruitment of mangrove jack, Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskål), in northern Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 56:465-475. 2005 Australia Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Sayer, M. D. J., S. H. Magill, T. J. Pitcher, L. Morissette, and C. Ainsworth. 2005. Simulation-based investigations of fishery changes as affected by the scale and design of artificial habitats. Journal of Fish Biology 67:218-243. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
O'Reagain, P. J., J. Brodie, G. Fraser, J. J. Bushell, C. H. Holloway, J. W. Faithful, and D. Haynes. 2005. Nutrient loss and water quality under extensive grazing in the upper Burdekin river catchment, North Queensland. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:37-50. 2005 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Lindquist, D. C., R. F. Shaw, and F. J. Hernandez Jr. 2005. Distribution patterns of larval and juvenile fishes at offshore petroleum platforms in the north-central Gulf of Mexico. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 62:655-665. 2005 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs; Small Herbivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Gobert, B., P. Berthou, E. Lopez, P. Lespagnol, M. D. Oqueli Turcios, C. Macabiau, and P. Portillo. 2005. Early stages of snapper-grouper exploitation in the Caribbean (Bay Islands, Honduras). Fisheries Research 73:159-169. 2005 South & Central America; Honduras; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Rosenberg, A. A., W. J. Bolster, K. E. Alexander, W. B. Leavenworth, A. B. Cooper, and M. G. McKenzie. 2005. The history of ocean resources: Modeling cod biomass using historical records. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 3:84-90. 2005 Global; England Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Funding & Incentives
George, R. D., C. R. In, R. K. Johnston, P. F. Seligman, R. D. Gauthier, and W. J. Wild. 2005. Seawater leaching investigation of polychlorinated biphenyls from solid matrices. in Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005. 2005 Lab Study Artificial Habitat; Coastal Defense; Military
Lang, M. A. and A. H. Hines. 2005. Smithsonian institution marine science network. in Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005. 2005 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Panama; India Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing Sector; Infrastructure; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Quinn, N. J., B. L. Kojis, and W. A. Bowden-Kerby. 2005. Assessing the potential for natural recovery and coral restoration techniques for enhancing coral Habitat in Jamaica. in Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005. 2005 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Jamaica; Caribbean Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Worms; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Andre, J., E. Gyuris, and I. R. Lawler. 2005. Comparison of the diets of sympatric dugongs and green turtles on the Orman Reefs, Torres Strait, Australia. Wildlife Research 32:53-62. 2005 Australia; Papua New Guinea Algae; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses
Sumpton, W. and S. Jackson. 2005. The effects of incidental trawl capture of juvenile snapper (Pagrus auratus) on yield of a sub-tropical line fishery in Australia: An assessment examining habitat preference and early life history characteristics. Fisheries Research 71:335-347. 2005 Australia Model Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Piscivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Aoki M, K., R. Encarnacion-Dimayuga, and A. R. Cortes A. 2005. Toxicological evaluation of natural products using microtechnics [Evaluacion toxicologica de productos naturales usando microtecnicas]. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Farmaceuticas 36:17-Nov. 2005 South & Central America; Mexico Invertebrates; Marine Worms; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Troeng, S., P. H. Dutton, and D. Evans. 2005. Migration of hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata from Tortuguero, Costa Rica. Ecography 28:394-402. 2005 South & Central America; Cuba; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Sea Turtles; Sponges
Hardin, M. P. and R. S. Legore. 2005. Development of management policy for the marine ornamental fish and invertebrate fishery in Puerto Rico: A case study. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53:139-144. 2005 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Resource Use Management
Faithful, J., W. Finlayson. 2005. Water quality assessment for sustainable agriculture in the Wet Tropics - A community-assisted approach. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:99-112. 2005 Agriculture; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Symons, L. C., R. Pavia, and M. Hodges. 2005. Emergency response in National Marine Sanctuaries. in Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005. 2005 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; Model Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Defense; Security Policies; Transportation Policies
Taylor, K. A. and D. Hamilton. 2005. National oceanic & atmospheric administration's coral reef information system: A one-stop source for coral reef data and information. in Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005. 2005 Review; Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Sea Temperatures
[No author name available]. 2005. Giovanni. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 86:314. 2005 Panama Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Internet & Telecommunications
Watanabe, K. and A. Nakamura. 2005. A design of tiny basin test-bed for AUV multi agent. in Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Waterborne Discharges
Teh, L., A. S. Cabanban, and U. R. Sumaila. 2005. The reef fisheries of Pulau Banggi, Sabah: A preliminary profile and assessment of ecological and socio-economic sustainability. Fisheries Research 76:359-367. 2005 Malaysia Field Study & Monitoring Fishing Sector
Tripati, S., M. Sujatha, R. V. Rao, and K. S. Rao. 2005. Use of timber in shipbuilding industry: Identification and analysis of timber from shipwrecks off Goa coast, India. Current Science 89:1022-1027. 2005 India Forestry
Powell, B. and M. Martens. 2005. A review of acid sulfate soil impacts, actions and policies that impact on water quality in Great Barrier Reef catchments, including a case study on remediation at East Trinity. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:149-164. 2005 Australia Review; GIS & Maps Agriculture; Aquaculture; Cyanobacteria; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Docks & Marinas; Fish; Microorganisms; Remediation; Wetlands
Petersen, D., M. Laterveer, and H. Schuhmacher. 2005. Innovative substrate tiles to spatially control larval settlement in coral culture. Marine Biology 146:937-942. 2005 Algae; Aquaculture; Coralline Algae; Stony Coral; Substrate
Sadovy, Y. and M. Domeier. 2005. Are aggregation-fisheries sustainable? Reef fish fisheries as a case study. Coral Reefs 24:254-262. 2005 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Christie, P. 2005. Observed and perceived environmental impacts of marine protected areas in two Southeast Asia sites. Ocean and Coastal Management 48:252-270. 2005 Southeast Asia; Indonesia; Philippines Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Senanayake, M. P., C. A. Ariaratnam, S. Abeywickrema, and A. Belligaswatte. 2005. Two Sri Lankan cases of identified sea snake bites, without envenoming. Toxicon 45:861-863. 2005 Indian Ocean; Sri Lanka; India Finfish Harvest; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Marion, G. S., R. B. Dunbar, D. A. Mucciarone, J. N. Kremer, J. S. Lansing, and A. Arthawiguna. 2005. Coral skeletal δ15N reveals isotopic traces of an agricultural revolution. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50:931-944. 2005 Indonesia Agriculture; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge
LeGore, R. S., M. P. Hardin, and D. Ter-Ghazaryan. 2005. Organization and operation of the marine ornamental fish and invertebrate export fishery in Puerto Rico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53:145-153. 2005 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Echinoderms; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Worms; Seagrasses; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch
Langlois, T. J., M. J. Anderson, and R. C. Babcock. 2005. Reef-associated predators influence adjacent soft-sediment communities. Ecology 86:1508-1519. 2005 Bivalves; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Piscivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Sediment
Matsuoka, T., T. Nakashima, and N. Nagasawa. 2005. A review of ghost fishing: Scientific approaches to evaluation and solutions. Fisheries Science 71:691-702. 2005 Review Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Costanzo, S.D., J. Murby, J. Bates. 2005. Ecosystem response to antibiotics entering the aquatic environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:218-223. 2005 Discharges; Microorganisms; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Warne, A. G., R. M. T. Webb, and M. C. Larsen. 2005. Water, sediment, and nutrient discharge characteristics of rivers in Puerto Rico, and their potential influence on coral reefs. Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5206, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. 2005 Puerto Rico Agriculture; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Jordan-Dahlgren, E., M. A. Maldonado, and R. E. Rodriguez-Martinez. 2005. Diseases and partial mortality in Montastraea annularis species complex in reefs with differing environmental conditions (NW Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 63:12-Mar. 2005 Global; South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Point Source Discharges; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Roberts, M. and S. Gass. 2005. Looking for Lophelia. Planet Earth 26-27. 2005 Lab Study Anemones & Zooanthids; Internet & Telecommunications; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Wong, J. T. Y. and A. C. M. Kwok. 2005. Proliferation of dinoflagellates: Blooming or bleaching. BioEssays 27:730-740. 2005 Algae
Murugan, R. and S. Ramakrishna. 2005. Crystallographic study of hydroxyapatite bioceramics derived from various sources. Crystal Growth and Design 5:111-112. 2005 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Golabi, M. H., C. Iyekar, and D. Minton. 2005. Effect of vetiver technology on sediment loss and water quality in southern Guam. Pages 348-355 in Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Watershed Management to Meet Water Quality Standards and Emerging TMDL. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Guam Agriculture; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Little, L. R., A. D. M. Smith, A. D. McDonald, A. E. Punt, B. D. Mapstone, F. Pantus, and C. R. Davies. 2005. Effects of size and fragmentation of marine reserves and fisher infringement on the catch and biomass of coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus, on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Fisheries Management and Ecology 12:177-188. 2005 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Tessier, E., P. Chabanet, K. Pothin, M. Soria, and G. Lasserre. 2005. Visual censuses of tropical fish aggregations on artificial reefs: Slate versus video recording techniques. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 315:17-30. 2005 Indian Ocean; Reunion; India Index or Indicator Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector
McClanahan, T. R., J. Maina, and J. Davies. 2005. Perceptions of resource users and managers towards fisheries management options in Kenyan coral reefs. Fisheries Management and Ecology 12:105-112. 2005 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Olivotto, I., A. Zenobi, A. Rollo, B. Migliarini, M. Avella, and O. Carnevali. 2005. Breeding, rearing and feeding studies in the cleaner goby Gobiosoma evelynae. Aquaculture 250:175-182. 2005 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquarium & Pet Trade; Fish
Gasparini, J. L., S. R. Floeter, C. E. L. Ferreira, and I. Sazima. 2005. Marine ornamental trade in Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation 14:2883-2899. 2005 Europe Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Molluscs; Stony Coral
Ahmadipour, M. 2005. The effect of sinkholes on leakage of water from the Sarabchenar dam, southwest Iiran. Journal of Environmental Hydrology 13. 2005 Iran Dam Construction & Maintenance; Irrigation; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Shaughnessy, P. D., T. E. Dennis, and P. G. Seager. 2005. Status of Australian sea lions, Neophoca cinerea, and New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, on Eyre Peninsula and the far west coast of South Australia. Wildlife Research 32:85-101. 2005 Australia Aquaculture; Marine Protected Areas
Wood, B. 2005. A rescue first at Penfield Reef. Vertiflite 51:34. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring Coastal Defense; Military
Gascuel, D., Y.-M. Bozec, E. Chassot, A. Colomb, and M. Laurans. 2005. The trophic spectrum: Theory and application as an ecosystem indicator. ICES Journal of Marine Science 62:443-452. 2005 New Caledonia; Europe Model; Index or Indicator Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Linnane, A., W. Dimmlich, and T. Ward. 2005. Movement patterns of the southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, off South Australia. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 39:335-346. 2005 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas
Palumbi, S. R. 2005. Coral gardens: Paternity and drug testing on the reef. Current Biology 15. 2005 Anemones & Zooanthids; Fish
Hutchings, P., M. Peyrot-Clausade, and A. Osnorno. 2005. Influence of land runoff on rates and agents of bioerosion of coral substrates. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:438-447. 2005 Australia Algae; Bivalves; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Sponges; Stony Coral; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Zaffe, D. 2005. Some considerations on biomaterials and bone. Micron 36:583-592. 2005 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Scheffer, M., S. Carpenter, and B. De Young. 2005. Cascading effects of overfishing marine systems. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20:579-581. 2005 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Micheli, F. and B. Halpern. 2005. Low functional redundancy in coastal marine assemblages. Ecology Letters 8:391-400. 2005 Global Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Sanchez, J. A. 2005. Systematics of the bubblegum corals (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Paragorgiidae) with description of new species from New Zealand and the Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa Jan-72. 2005 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Review Finfish Harvest; Octocoral
Radhika, P., P. R. Rao, J. Archana, and N. K. Rao. 2005. Anti-inflammatory activity of a new sphingosine derivative and cembrenoid diterpene (lobohedleolide) isolated from marine soft corals of Sinularia crassa Tixier-Durivault and Lobophytum species of the andaman and nicobar islands. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 28:1311-1313. 2005 Japan Model Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Balachandra, H. K. 2005. Coral stone landscape and pterygia; is there an association? Pacific health dialog : a publication of the Pacific Basin Officers Training Program and the Fiji School of Medicine 12:81-83. 2005 Marshall Islands Beaches & Nature Parks; Pathogens
Messing, G. L., S.-I. Hirano, and L. Gauckler. 2005. 9th international ceramic processing science symposium. in American Ceramic Society Bulletin. 2005 Florida Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Hotel & Food Services
Hughes, T. P., D. R. Bellwood, C. Folke, R. S. Steneck, and J. Wilson. 2005. New paradigms for supporting the resilience of marine ecosystems. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20:380-386. 2005 Fishing Sector
Salin, K. R., T. M. Yohannan, and C. Mohanakumaran Nair. 2005. Fisheries and trade of seahorses, Hippocampus spp., in southern India. Fisheries Management and Ecology 12:269-273. 2005 India; Malaysia; United Arab Emirates Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Jones, G. P., S. Planes, and S. R. Thorrold. 2005. Coral reef fish larvae settle close to home. Current Biology 15:1314-1318. 2005 Model Anemones & Zooanthids; Fish; Housing
Barton, A. D. and K. S. Casey. 2005. Climatological context for large-scale coral bleaching. Coral Reefs 24:536-554. 2005 South & Central America; Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Jamaica; Maldives; Caribbean GIS & Maps Climate; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Scientific Research
St. John, J. and C. J. Syers. 2005. Mortality of the demersal West Australian dhufish, Glaucosoma hebraicum (Richardson 1845) following catch and release: The influence of capture depth, venting and hook type. Fisheries Research 76:106-116. 2005 Australia Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Chapman, D. J. and B. E. Julius. 2005. The use of preventative projects as compensatory restoration. Journal of Coastal Research 21:120-131. 2005 Florida Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Activities; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Petroleum Spills
Kwon, M. S., J. H. Noh, and M. Lee. 2005. An overview of potentials in the South Pacific and the new R&D investment challenges. Ocean and Polar Research 27:419-431. 2005 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fishing Sector; Recreational Opportunities; Tourism & Recreation
Schroeder, R. E. and J. D. Parrish. 2005. Resilience of predators to fishing pressure on coral patch reefs. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 321:93-107. 2005 Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Murphy, M. 2005. Coral alarms to protect reef. Chemistry and Industry (London) 18:7. 2005 Climate; Finfish Harvest
McClanahan, T. R., J. Maina, C. J. Starger, P. Herron-Perez, and E. Dusek. 2005. Detriments to post-bleaching recovery of corals. Coral Reefs 24:230-246. 2005 Global Algae; Climate; Coralline Algae; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Turf Algae
Nowak, D., M. Florek, J. Nowak, W. Kwiatek, J. Lekki, E. Zieba, P. G. Romero, B. Ben-Nissan, and A. Kuczumow. 2005. Micro-spectrometric investigations of inorganic components of the black corals for biomedical applications. Key Engineering Materials 297-300. 2005 GIS & Maps Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Carruthers, T. J. B., B. I. Van Tussenbroek, and W. C. Dennison. 2005. Influence of submarine springs and wastewater on nutrient dynamics of Caribbean seagrass meadows. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 64:191-199. 2005 South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico Hotel & Food Services; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge
Ferraris, J., D. Pelletier, M. Kulbicki, and C. Chauvet. 2005. Assessing the impact of removing reserve status on the Abore Reef fish assemblage in New Caledonia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 292:271-286. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Herrera-Escalante, T., R. A. Lopez-Perez, and G. E. Leyte-Morales. 2005. Bioerosion caused by the sea urchin Diadema Mexicanum (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) at Bahias de Huatulco, Western Mexico. Revista de biología tropical 263-273. 2005 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Mexico Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Echinoderms; Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral
Neira, R. and J. R. Cantera. 2005. Taxonomic composition and distribution of the echinoderms associations in the littoral ecosystems from the Colombian Pacific [Composicion taxonomica y distribucion de las asociaciones de equinodermos en los ecosistemas litorales del Pacifico Colombiano. Revista de biología tropical 195-206. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii Beaches & Nature Parks; Echinoderms; Mangroves; Sediment; Substrate
Blunt, J., P. Ganza, and D. Moss. 2005. Specialised equipment and mining techniques for narrow vein mining. Pages 225-234 in Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Publication Series. 2005 Australia; South Africa Coal Mining; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Mining
Pocock, C. 2005. 'Blue lagoons and coconut palms': The creation of a tropical idyll in Australia. Australian Journal of Anthropology 16:335-349. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Tourism & Recreation
Selkoe, K. A., A. Vogel, and B. T. Aftab. 2005. Eight polymorphic microsatellite markers for kelp bass, Paralabax clathratus, amplified in three multiplex polymerase chain reaction sets. Molecular Ecology Notes 5:127-129. 2005 South & Central America; Mexico Fishing Sector
Pelletier, D. and S. Mahevas. 2005. Spatially explicit fisheries simulation models for policy evaluation. Fish and Fisheries 6:307-349. 2005 Review; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Ley, J. A. 2005. Linking fish assemblages and attributes of mangrove estuaries in tropical Australia: Criteria for regional marine reserves. Marine Ecology Progress Series 305:41-57. 2005 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow
[No author name available]. 2005. 'Oceanic Princess'-A very impressive \boutique\" cruise from Australia's NQEA". Work Boat World 24:42-43. 2005 Australia Model Cruise Ships; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products
Fielder, D. G. 2005. Increasing predation through walleye fingerling stocking: A recovery tool for Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Pages 105-112 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2005 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Complex Habitat & Resources; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Uychiaoco, A. J., H. O. Arceo, S. J. Green, M. T. De La Cruz, P. A. Gaite, and P. M. Alino. 2005. Monitoring and evaluation of reef protected areas by local fishers in the Philippines: Tightening the adaptive management cycle. Biodiversity and Conservation 14:2775-2794. 2005 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Banks, Credit, & Securities; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Social Organizations; Stony Coral
Waller, R. G. and P. A. Tyler. 2005. The reproductive biology of two deep-water, reef-building scleractinians from the NE Atlantic Ocean. Coral Reefs 24:514-522. 2005 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Finfish Harvest; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Kundu, B., M. K. Sinha, S. Mitra, and D. Basu. 2005. Synthetic hydroxyapatite-based integrated orbital implants: A human pilot trial. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology 53:235-241. 2005 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Brown, T. P. 2005. Diagnosis and management of injuries from dangerous marine life. MedGenMed [electronic resource] : Medscape general medicine7:5. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring Irrigation; Sea Urchins
Werdell, P. J. and S. W. Bailey. 2005. An improved in-situ bio-optical data set for ocean color algorithm development and satellite data product validation. Remote Sensing of Environment 98:122-140. 2005 Global Remote Sensing Light; Plankton; Water Depth & Sea Level
Russ, G. R., B. Stockwell, and A. C. Alcala. 2005. Inferring versus measuring rates of recovery in no-take marine reserves. Marine Ecology Progress Series 292:12-Jan. 2005 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector
Genthner, F. J., J. B. James, D. F. Yates, and S. D. Friedman. 2005. Use of composite data sets for source-tracking enterococci in the water column and shoreline interstitial waters on Pensacola Beach, Florida. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50:724-732. 2005 Florida Index or Indicator Microorganisms
McComb, P. and K. Black. 2005. Detailed observations of littoral transport using artificial sediment tracer, in a high-energy, rocky reef and iron sand environment. Journal of Coastal Research 21:358-373. 2005 Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Shoreline Protection; Water Depth & Sea Level
Shuman, C. S., G. Hodgson, and R. F. Ambrose. 2005. Population impacts of collecting sea anemones and anemonefish for the marine aquarium trade in the Philippines. Coral Reefs 24:564-573. 2005 Philippines Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector
Duvat, V. 2005. Coral reef coasts in small islands of the western Indian Ocean. First part. Geomorphology [Les littoraux coralliens des petites îles de l'ouest de l'ocean Indien. Premiere partie. Geomorphologie]. Oceanis 31:Jan-90. 2005 Global; Indian Ocean; Seychelles; Maldives; India Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Scientific Research; Storms & Hurricanes
Work, T. M. and R. A. Rameyer. 2005. Coral Reefs 24:384-390. 2005 Samoa; American Samoa Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Invasive Species; Marine Worms; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Zooxanthellae
Muthiga, N. A. 2005. Testing for the effects of seasonal and lunar periodicity on the reproduction of the edible sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla (L) in Kenyan coral reef lagoons. Hydrobiologia 549:57-64. 2005 Kenya Index or Indicator Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins
Sadovy, Y. 2005. Trouble on the reef: The imperative for managing vulnerable and valuable fisheries. Fish and Fisheries 6:167-185. 2005 Global Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Live Collection
Valentine, J. F. and K. L. Heck Jr. 2005. Perspective review of the impacts of overfishing on coral reef food web linkages. Coral Reefs 24:209-213. 2005 Review Finfish Harvest
Bensaid, W., K. Oudina, V. Viateau, E. Potier, V. Bousson, C. Blanchat, L. Sedel, G. Guillemin, and H. Petite. 2005. De Novo reconstruction of functional bone by tissue engineering in the metatarsal sheep model. Tissue Engineering 11:814-824. 2005 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Armstrong, H. G. 2005. Environmental education in Tobago's primary schools: A case study of coral reef education. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53:229-238. 2005 Trinidad; Tobago Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Environmental Education & Outreach; Schools & Colleges
Feitoza, B. M., R. S. Rosa, and L. A. Rocha. 2005. Ecology and zoogeography of deep-reef fishes in northeastern Brazil. Bulletin of Marine Science 76:725-742. 2005 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Cuba; Caribbean Commercial Fishing Boats; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish
SeafoodWatch. 2005. Sustainable Seafood Business Practices. Monteray Bay. 2005 Global Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Marine Birds; Marine Debris; Sea Turtles; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Pramatarova, L., E. Pecheva, R. Presker, M. T. Pham, M. F. Maitz, and M. Stutzmann. 2005. Hydroxyapatite growth induced by native extracellular matrix deposition on solid surfaces. European Cells and Materials 9:12-Sep. 2005 Molluscs; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Montaggioni, L. F. 2005. History of Indo-Pacific coral reef systems since the last glaciation: Development patterns and controlling factors. Earth-Science Reviews 71:Jan-75. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India; Pacific Ocean Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; CO2; Coralline Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Nutrients; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Watters, M. R. 2005. Tropical marine neurotoxins: Venoms to drugs. Seminars in Neurology 25:278-289. 2005 Europe Anemones & Zooanthids; Invertivorous Fish; Microorganisms; Octopus & Squid; Snails & Conch
Jones, R. 2005. The ecotoxicological effects of Photosystem II herbicides on corals. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:495-506. 2005 Review Agriculture; Algae; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Primary Production
Uyarra, M. C., I. M. Cote, J. A. Gill, R. R. T. Tinch, D. Viner, and A. R. Watkinson. 2005. Island-specific preferences of tourists for environmental features: Implications of climate change for tourism-dependent states. Environmental Conservation 32:11-19. 2005 South & Central America; Caribbean Climate; Fish; Infrastructure; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Bouchon-Navaro, Y., C. Bouchon, M. Louis, and P. Legendre. 2005. Biogeographic patterns of coastal fish assemblages in the West Indies. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 315:31-47. 2005 South & Central America; Cuba; Dominican Republic; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Substrate
Bruckner, A. W. 2005. The importance of the marine ornamental reef fish trade in the wider Caribbean. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53:127-137. 2005 Global; South & Central America; Florida; Puerto Rico; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Maldives; Sri Lanka; India; Japan; Vietnam; Indonesia; Philippines; Caribbean; Europe Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Corallivorous Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Zhang, K., L. F. Francis, H. Yan, and A. Stein. 2005. Apatite converted from 3-D ordered macroporous sol-gel bioactive glass (3DOM-BG) particles. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88:587-592. 2005 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Taban, F., E. Acar, I. Fidan, and A. Zora. 2005. Teaching basic engineering concepts in a K-12 environment using LEGO bricks and robotics. Pages 13727-13736 in ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings. 2005 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Collaboration & Partnering; Pipelines; Schools & Colleges; Storms & Hurricanes
Ashworth, J. S. and R. F. G. Ormond. 2005. Effects of fishing pressure and trophic group on abundance and spillover across boundaries of a no-take zone. Biological Conservation 121:333-344. 2005 Egypt Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Small Herbivorous Fish
Arce, J. A. 2005. REMOTE SENSING OF BENTHIC HABITATS IN SOUTHWESTERN PUERTO RICO. Master's Thesis. University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. 2005 Puerto Rico Remote Sensing Climate; Mangroves; Nutrients; Salinity; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Crigger, D. K., G. A. Graves, and D. L. Fike. 2005. Lake Worth Lagoon conceptual ecological model. Wetlands 25:943-954. 2005 Florida Model Boating Activities; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Invertebrates; Mangroves; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Hallock, P. 2005. Global change and modern coral reefs: New opportunities to understand shallow-water carbonate depositional processes. Sedimentary Geology 175:19-33. 2005 Global Calcium Carbonate Deposition; CO2; Cyanobacteria; Finfish Harvest; Light; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sediment; Sunscreen Use; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics
Petit, C. C. and J. J. Vandenabeele. 2005. Supporting coastal and lake applications with the help of remote sensing. Pages 2771-2774 in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). 2005 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Climate; Coastal Development; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Plankton; Sediment
Fischer, A. J., M. S. Baker Jr., C. A. Wilson, and D. L. Nieland. 2005. Age, growth, mortality, and radiometric age validation of gray snapper (Lutjanus griseus) from Louisiana. Fishery Bulletin 103:307-319. 2005 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Model Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Radtke, U. and G. Schellmann. 2005. Timing and magnitude of sea level change during MIS 5 derived from Barbados coral reef terraces: A critical literature review and new data. Journal of Coastal Research 21:52-62. 2005 Review; Model; GIS & Maps Water Depth & Sea Level
Potts, W. M. and P. D. Cowley. 2005. Validation of the periodicity of opaque zone formation in the otoliths of four temperate reef fish from South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 27:659-669. 2005 South Africa Finfish Harvest; Fish
Mei, M.-X., Y.-S. Ma, J. Deng, H.-M. Chu, Z.-R. Liu, and H. Zhang. 2005. Carboniferous to Permian sequence stratigraphie framework of the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi basin and its adjacent areas and global correlation of third-order sea-level change. Geology in China 32:13-24. 2005 Global; Europe Coal Mining; Sponges
Ordines, F., J. Moranta, M. Palmer, A. Lerycke, A. Suau, B. Morales-Nin, and A. M. Grau. 2005. Variations in a shallow rocky reef fish community at different spatial scales in the western Mediterranean Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 304:221-233. 2005 Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Paula, A. F. and J. C. Creed. 2005. Spatial distribution and abundance of nonindigenous coral genus Tubastraea (Cnidaria, Scleractinia) around Ilha Grande, Brazil. Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia 65:661-673. 2005 Invasive Species; Oil & Gas Rigs; Stony Coral
Leao, Z. M. A. N. and R. K. P. Kikuchi. 2005. A relic coral fauna threatened by global changes and human activities, Eastern Brazil. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:599-611. 2005 Global Finfish Harvest; Light; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Cox, C. and J. H. Hunt. 2005. Change in size and abundance of Caribbean spiny lobsters Panulirus argus in a marine reserve in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, USA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 294:227-239. 2005 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Hixon, M. A. and G. P. Jones. 2005. Competition, predation, and density-dependent mortality in demersal marine fishes. Ecology 86:2847-2859. 2005 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Dunbrack, R. and R. Zielinski. 2005. Body size distribution and frequency of anthropogenic injuries of Bluntnose Sixgill Sharks, Hexanchus griseus, at Flora Islets, British Columbia. Canadian Field-Naturalist 119:537-540. 2005 Columbia Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Wood, D. and J. Glasson. 2005. Giving the environment a voice: The transformational potential of valuing tourism in sensitive natural environments: The case of The Ningaloo Coastal Region, Western Australia. Planning Practice and Research 20:391-407. 2005 Australia Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Begg, G. A., B. D. Mapstone, A. J. Williams, S. Adams, C. R. Davies, and D. C. Lou. 2005. Multivariate life-history indices of exploited coral reef fish populations used to measure the performance of no-take zones in a marine protected area. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62:679-692. 2005 Australia Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Neira, F. J. 2005. Summer and winter plankton fish assemblages around offshore oil and gas platforms in south-eastern Australia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 63:589-604. 2005 Australia Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs; Plankton
Leggat, P. A., S. L. Harrison, P. J. Fenner, D. N. Durrheim, and A. L. Swinbourne. 2005. Health advice obtained by tourists travelling to Magnetic Island: A risk area for 'Irukandji' jellyfish in North Queensland, Australia. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 3:27-31. 2005 Australia Tourism & Recreation
Perez, C. D., D. A. Vila-Nova, and A. M. Santos. 2005. Associated community with the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860) (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from littoral of Pernambuco, Brazil. Hydrobiologia 548:207-215. 2005 Anemones & Zooanthids; Beaches & Nature Parks; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fishing Sector; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Tourism & Recreation
Boulon, R., M. Chiappone, R. Halley, W. Jaap, B. Keller, B. Kruczynski, M. Miller, and C. Rogers. 2005. Atlantic Acropora Status Review. 2005 Global; South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Jamaica; Belize; Caribbean; Mexico Review Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Climate; Coastal Development; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Physical Damage; Sediment; Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Zooxanthellae
Neto, O. B. P., F. J. Candido Dos Reis, J. C. Rosa E Silva, J. M. De Andrade, and A. A. Nogueira. 2005. Vascular atypia and irregularity on surface as signs of malignant adnexal mass: A complementary method of laparoscopic assessment. Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 12:351-354. 2005 Medical Centers; Pathogens
Cinner, J. 2005. Socioeconomic factors influencing customary marine tenure in the Indo-Pacific. Ecology and Society 10. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Papua New Guinea; Indonesia Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Finfish Harvest; Resource Use Management
Badran, M. I. and M. K. Al Zibdah. 2005. Environmental quality of Jordanian coastal surface sediment, Gulf of Aqaba, red sea. Ambio 34:615-620. 2005 Beaches & Nature Parks; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Complex Habitat & Resources; Discharges; Hotel & Food Services; Nutrients; Plankton; Sediment; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Salcido, R. E. 2005. Enduring optimism: Examining the rig-to-reef bargain. Ecology Law Quarterly 32:863-937. 2005 Model Artificial Habitat; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Oil & Gas Rigs
Petersen, D., M. Hatta, M. Laterveer, and D. Van Bergen. 2005. Ex situ transportation of coral larvae for research, conservation, and aquaculture. Coral Reefs 24:510-513. 2005 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean; Europe Aquaculture; Stony Coral
Keller, B. D. and B. D. Causey. 2005. Linkages between the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and the South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Initiative. Ocean and Coastal Management 48:869-900. 2005 Florida Agriculture; Marine Protected Areas
Topping, D. T., C. G. Lowe, and J. E. Caselle. 2005. Home range and habitat utilization of adult California sheephead, Semicossyphus pulcher (Labridae), in a temperate no-take marine reserve. Marine Biology 147:301-311. 2005 Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Pauly, D., R. Watson, and J. Alder. 2005. Global trends in world fisheries: impacts on marine ecosystems and food security. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360:5-12. 2005 Global; Australia Review Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Bourne, D. G. 2005. Microbiological assessment of a disease outbreak on corals from Magnetic Island (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Coral Reefs 24:304-312. 2005 Australia Cyanobacteria; Pathogens
Simmons, S. A., R. K. Zimmer, and C. A. Zimmer. 2005. Life in the lee: Local distributions and orientations of honeycomb worms along the California coast. Journal of Marine Research 63:623-643. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Complex Habitat & Resources; Invertebrates
Milazzo, M., F. Badalamenti, T. Vega Fernandez, and R. Chemello. 2005. Effects of fish feeding by snorkellers on the density and size distribution of fishes in a Mediterranean marine protected area. Marine Biology 146:1213-1222. 2005 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Invertebrates; Marine Protected Areas; Planktivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Everts, C. H. and C. D. Eldon. 2005. Sand management in hook-shaped bays. Pages 136-150 in California and the World Ocean - Proceedings of the Conference. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Baird, A. H., S. J. Campbell, A. W. Anggoro, R. L. Ardiwijaya, N. Fadli, Y. Herdiana, T. Kartawijaya, D. Mahyiddin, A. Mukminin, S. T. Pardede, M. S. Pratchett, E. Rudi, and A. M. Siregar. 2005. Acehnese reefs in the wake of the Asian tsunami. Current Biology 15:1926-1930. 2005 Indonesia Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
Innes, S. I. 2005. An overview of artificial reefs for surfing and sand retention in california. Pages 191-203 in California and the World Ocean - Proceedings of the Conference. 2005 Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Tourism & Recreation
McGinnis, M. V. 2005. The political ecology of the offshore oil platform rig-to-reef policy debate. Pages 506-520 in California and the World Ocean - Proceedings of the Conference. 2005 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Oil & Gas Rigs; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Bender, K. and R. Taylor. 2005. Oil spill contingency planning in Thailand. Page 5512 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 Thailand Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Zhang, X.-D., J.-Y. Song, W.-D. Yang, Y. Feng, Q.-C. Qian, and F.-L. Chen. 2005. Repairing femur defects with bone marrow stromal cells and coral composites strengthened by titanium plank. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 9:42-44. 2005 Lab Study Military
Bennett, V. and D. Noviello. 2005. Response to the grounding of the F/V Ei Jyu Maru No. 21. Page 7183 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan; Palau; Guam Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Defense; Finfish Harvest; Infrastructure; Petroleum Spills
Bodnar, J. L. 2005. The information technology of SHIELDS - NOAA'S Sanctuaries Hazardous Incident Emergency Logistics Database System. Pages 11312-11316 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 Model; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Internet & Telecommunications; Petroleum Spills
Brodie, D. 2005. Preparation of marine pollution contingency plans for small Island nations. Page 6374 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Fishing Sector; Petroleum Spills; Waterborne Discharges
Erridge, L. 2005. Paris yarn trends. Knitting International 112:32-33. 2005 Oman Microorganisms; Textiles & Apparel
Sordelli, C. and N. Garcia. 2005. Venezuelan national oil spill training program. Page 8972 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 Venezuela Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Decision Support; Mangroves; Military; Oil & Gas Industry; Petroleum Spills
Hendee, J. C., E. Stabenau, L. Florit, D. Manzello, and C. Jeffris. 2005. Infrastructure and capabilities of near real-time meteorlogical and oceanographic in situ instrumented array, and its role in marine environmental desicsion support. Pages 1-26 in L. L. Richardson and E. F. leDrew, editors. Remote Sensing of Aquatic Coastal Ecosystem Processes. 2005 Global Field Study & Monitoring; Remote Sensing Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure
Yamaguchi, Y., M. J. Abrams, M. Kato, H. Watanabe, and H. Tsu. 2005. ASTER science outcome and operation status. Pages 5578-5579 in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). 2005 Global Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing
Kamel, H. N. and M. Slattery. 2005. Terpenoids of Sinularia: Chemistry and biomedical applications. Pharmaceutical Biology 43:253-269. 2005 Review Biotechnology Research & Development; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chiappone, M., H. Dienes, D. W. Swanson, and S. L. Miller. 2005. Impacts of lost fishing gear on coral reef sessile invertebrates in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Biological Conservation 121:221-230. 2005 Florida Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Hydrocoral; Octocoral; Recreational Fishing; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waterborne Discharges
Guerra-Garcia, J. M. and M. S. Koonjul. 2005. Metaprotella sandalensis (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidae): A bioindicator of nutrient enrichment on coral reefs? Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 104:353-367. 2005 Mauritius Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation
[No author name available]. 2005. Subsea pipeline to Magnetic Island. Civil Engineers Australia 77:40. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Protected Areas; Pipelines
Diaz, M. C. 2005. Common sponges from shallow marine habitats from Bocas del Toro region, Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science 41:465-475. 2005 South & Central America; Cuba; Panama; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Sponges
Kaiser, M. J. and A. G. Pulsipher. 2005. Rigs-to-reef programs in the Gulf of Mexico. Ocean Development and International Law 36:119-134. 2005 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Funding & Donations; Oil & Gas Rigs
Tuya, F., P. Sanchez-Jerez, and R. J. Haroun. 2005. Influence of fishing and functional group of algae on sea urchin control of algal communities in the eastern Atlantic. Marine Ecology Progress Series 287:255-260. 2005 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Algae; Finfish Harvest; Sea Urchins; Substrate
Vidal, L. and D. Pauly. 2005. Integration of subsystems models as a tool toward describing feeding interactions and fisheries impacts in a large marine ecosystem, the Gulf of Mexico. Ocean and Coastal Management 47:709-725. 2005 South & Central America; Mexico Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Dickson, M. E. and C. D. Woodroffe. 2005. Rock coast morphology in relation of lithology and wave exposure, Lord Howe Island, southwest Pacific. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 49:239-251. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection
Abesamis, R. A. and G. R. Russ. 2005. Density-dependent spillover from a marine reserve: Long-term evidence. Ecological Applications 15:1798-1812. 2005 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Keating, J., K. MacIntyre, C. M. Mbogo, J. I. Githure, and J. C. Beier. 2005. Self-reported malaria and mosquito avoidance in relation to household risk factors in a Kenyan coastal city. Journal of Biosocial Science 37:761-771. 2005 Kenya Model Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Housing
Person, R., J. Mienert, N. O'Neill, P. Favali, C. Millot, J. Marvaldi, T. C. E. Van Weering, A. Tselepides, F. Gasparoni, H. W. Gerber, I. G. Priede, O. Pfannkuche, L. Thomsen, N. Zitellini, and J. M. A. De Miranda. 2005. ESONET: Toward an European network of excellence on Sub sea observatories. Pages 1411-1414 in Oceans 2005 - Europe. 2005 Europe Field Study & Monitoring Fishing Sector; Infrastructure
Scalabrin, C., N. Diner, G. Veron, D. Choqueuse, and F. Sanchez. 2005. Autonomous bottom moored acoustic observatory for fisheries resources monitoring. Pages 201-205 in Oceans 2005 - Europe. 2005 Europe Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector
Shaw, M. and J. F. Muller. 2005. Preliminary evaluation of the occurrence of herbicides and PAHs in the Wet Tropics region of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, using passive samplers. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:876-881. 2005 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Marine Protected Areas; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Cox, M.E., A. Moss, and G.K. Smyth. 2005. Water quality condition and trend in North Queensland waterways. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:89-98. 2005 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Agriculture; Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Point Source Discharges
Devlin, M.J., J. Brodie. 2005. Terrestrial discharge into the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon: nutrient behavior in coastal waters. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:9-22. 2005 Australia; Europe GIS & Maps Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Thorhaug, A., F. McDonald, J. McFarlane, B. Carby, M. Anderson, B. Miller, V. Gordon, and P. Gayle. 2005. Dispersed oil effects on tropical habitats: Preliminary laboratory results of dispersed oil testing on Jamaica coralsand seagrass. Page 1988 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 Jamaica Lab Study; Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation
Thorhaug, A., G. Sidrak, K. Aiken, W. Walker, H. J. Teas, F. McDonald, B. Carby, R. Reese, M. Anderson, M. Rodriquez, B. Miller, V. Gordon, and J. McFarlane. 2005. Dispersant use for tropical nearshore waters: Jamaica. Page 1968 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 South & Central America; Jamaica; Caribbean; Europe Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Defense; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation
Trudel, B. K., R. C. Belore, B. J. Jessiman, and S. L. Ross. 2005. A microcomputer-based spill impact assessment system for untreated and chemically dispersed oil spills in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Page 4770 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Model Coastal Defense; Petroleum Spills; Resource Use Management; Special Use Permitting
Auster, P. J., B. X. Semmens, and K. Barber. 2005. Pattern in the co-occurrence of fishes inhabiting the coral reefs of Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles. Environmental Biology of Fishes 74:187-194. 2005 Antilles Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Social Organizations; Tourism & Recreation
Minnee, R. C., M. M. Idu, and R. Balm. 2005. Coral Reef Aorta: Case Reports and Review of the Literature. EJVES Extra 9:39-43. 2005 Review Medical Centers; Pathogens
Saphier, A. D. and T. C. Hoffmann. 2005. Forecasting models to quantify three anthropogenic stresses on coral reefs from marine recreation: Anchor damage, diver contact and copper emission from antifouling paint. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:590-598. 2005 Model Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
Barans, C. A., M. D. Arendt, T. Moore, and D. Schmidt. 2005. Remote video revisited: A visual technique for conducting long-term monitoring of reef fishes on the continental shelf. Marine Technology Society Journal 39:110-118. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector
Chapman, D. D., E. K. Pikitch, E. Babcock, and M. S. Shiyji. 2005. Marine reserve design and evaluation using automated acoustic telemetry: A case-study involving coral reef-associated sharks in the mesoamerican Caribbean. Marine Technology Society Journal 39:42-55. 2005 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest
[No author name available]. 2005. IMAPS points the way. GEO: connexion 4:36-38. 2005 Indian Ocean; India; England Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Housing; Mangroves
Farina, A., A. Bellorin, S. Sant, and E. Mendez. 2005. Structure of the fish community at a reef in Los Monjes Archipelago, Venezuela [Estructura de la comunidad de peces en un arrecife del Archipielago Los Monjes, Venezuela]. Ciencias Marinas 31:585-591. 2005 Venezuela Apex Fish Predators; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Holt, G. E., J. L. Halpern, T. T. Dovan, D. Hamming, and H. S. Schwartz. 2005. Evolution of an in vivo bioreactor. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 23:916-923. 2005 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Lunn, K. E. and M.-A. Moreau. 2004. Unmonitored trade in marine ornamental fishes: The case of Indonesia's Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni). Coral Reefs 23:344-351. 2004 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector
Coma, R., E. Pola, M. Ribes, and M. Zabala. 2004. Long-term assessment of temperate octocoral mortality patterns, protected vs. unprotected areas. Ecological Applications 14:1466-1478. 2004 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Octocoral; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Stevens, B. G., J. E. Munk, and P. A. Cummiskey. 2004. Utilization of log-piling structures as artificial habitats for red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus. Journal of Shellfish Research 23:221-226. 2004 Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Docks & Marinas; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
Prioli, G. 2004. Shellfish farming: Technologies and production. Veterinary Research Communications 28:51-56. 2004 Aquaculture
Asoh, K., T. Yoshikawa, R. Kosaki, and E. A. Marschall. 2004. Damage to cauliflower coral by monofilament fishing lines in Hawaii. Conservation Biology 18:1645-1650. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Physical Damage; Recreational Fishing; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Beck, M. W., T. D. Marsh, S. E. Reisewitz, and M. L. Bortman. 2004. New tools for marine conservation: The leasing and ownership of submerged lands. Conservation Biology 18:1214-1223. 2004 Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Bivalves; Seagrasses; Sponges
Guidetti, P., S. Fraschetti, A. Terlizzi, and F. Boero. 2004. Effects of desertification caused by Lithophaga lithophaga (Mollusca) fishery on littoral fish assemblages along rocky coasts of southeastern Italy. Conservation Biology 18:1417-1423. 2004 Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Molluscs; Primary Production; Small Herbivorous Fish
Fabricius, K. E. and G. De'ath. 2004. Identifying ecological change and its causes: A case study on coral reefs. Ecological Applications 14:1448-1465. 2004 Australia Model Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Octocoral; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Ashworth, J. S., R. F. G. Ormond, and H. T. Sturrock. 2004. Effects of reef-top gathering and fishing on invertebrate abundance across take and no-take zones. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 303:221-242. 2004 Egypt Echinoderms; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Landuse Management; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Sea Urchins
Hawkins, J. P. and C. M. Roberts. 2004. Effects of Artisanal Fishing on Caribbean Coral Reefs. Conservation Biology 18:215-226. 2004 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Jamaica; Caribbean Algae; Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish
Kolian, S. and A. Walker. 2004. Louisiana is losing critical reef habitat and job opportunities. Sea Technology 45:31-34. 2004 Agriculture; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Oil & Gas Rigs; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Pipelines; Tourism & Recreation
Cavigioli, E., C. Domin, and S. Mage. 2004. About a new caledonian endangered coral [Autour d'un recif caledonien menace]. Mondes en Developpement 32. 2004 New Caledonia Tourism & Recreation
Fox, H. E. 2004. Coral recruitment in blasted and unblasted sites in Indonesia: Assessing rehabilitation potential. Marine Ecology Progress Series 269:131-139. 2004 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Guidetti, P., A. Terlizzi, and F. Boero. 2004. Effects of the edible sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus, fishery along the Apulian rocky coast (SE Italy, Mediterranean Sea). Fisheries Research 66:287-297. 2004 Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Tibbetts, J. 2004. The state of the oceans, part 2: delving deeper into the sea's bounty. Environmental Health Perspectives 112:A472-481. 2004 Global Index or Indicator Agriculture; Biomedical Research Policies; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Tibbetts, J. 2004. The state of the oceans, part 1: eating away at a global food source. Environmental Health Perspectives 112:A282-A291. 2004 Global Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Pathogens
Amand, M., D. Pelletier, J. Ferraris, and M. Kulbicki. 2004. A step toward the definition of ecological indicators of the impact of fishing on the fish assemblage of the Abore reef reserve (New Caledonia). Aquatic Living Resource 17:139-149. 2004 New Caledonia Model; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Wielgus, J., N. E. Chadwick-Furman, and Z. Dubinsky. 2004. Coral cover and partial mortality on anthropogenically impacted coral reefs at Eilat, northern Red Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 48:248-253. 2004 Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Nutrients; Sediment; Stony Coral
Radhika, P., V. L. Rao, and H. Laatsch. 2004. Chemical constituents of a marine soft coral of the genus Lobophytum. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 52:1345-1348. 2004 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Burke, L. and J. Maidens. 2004. Reefs at Risk in the Caribbean. World Resources Institute, Washington, D.C. 2004 South & Central America; Caribbean Model Climate; Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Pathogens; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Sung, P.-J., M.-R. Lin, and L.-S. Fang. 2004. Briarane diterpenoids from the Formosan gorgonian coral Junceella fragilis. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 52:1504-1506. 2004 Taiwan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Fabi, G., F. Grati, M. Puletti, and G. Scarcella. 2004. Effects on fish community induced by installation of two gas platforms in the Adriatic Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 273:187-197. 2004 Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs; Substrate
M�ller, W. E. G., H. C. Schr�der, M. Wiens, S. Perovic-Ottstadt, R. Batel, and I. M. M�ller. 2004. Traditional and modern biomedical prospecting: part II-the benefits. Approaches for a sustainable exploitation of biodiversity (secondary metabolites and miomaterials from sponges). Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 1:133-144. 2004 Biotechnology Research & Development; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Sammarco, P. W., A. D. Atchison, and G. S. Boland. 2004. Expansion of coral communities within the Northern Gulf of Mexico via offshore oil and gas platforms. Marine Ecology Progress Series 280:129-143. 2004 South & Central America; Mexico Oil & Gas Rigs; Stony Coral; Valuation
Grumet, N. S., N. J. Abram, J. W. Beck, R. B. Dunbar, M. K. Gagan, T. P. Guilderson, W. S. Hantoro, and B. W. Suwargadi. 2004. Coral radiocarbon records of Indian Ocean water mass mixing and wind-induced upwelling along the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans 109. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; Kenya; India; Indonesia Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Poloczanska, E. S., D. J. Hughes, and M. T. Burrows. 2004. Underwater television observations of Serpula vermicularis (L.) reefs and associated mobile fauna in Loch Creran, Scotland. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 61:425-435. 2004 Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Planktivorous Fish
Nowak, R. 2004. Sewage nutrients fuel coral disease. New Scientist 181:13-Dec. 2004 South & Central America; Caribbean Agriculture; Algae; Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens
Avasthi, A. 2004. Releasing Nemo proves a disaster for native fish. New Scientist 183:13. 2004 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Ballast Discharge; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species
Roy, R. E. 2004. Akumal's reefs: Stony coral communities along the developing Mexican Caribbean coastline. Revista de Biologia Tropical 52:869-881. 2004 South & Central America; Caribbean Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Pathogens; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Turf Algae
Leblond, D. 2004. General interest: IEA: Open gas markets improve supply reliability, security. Oil and Gas Journal 102:28-31. 2004 Global; Australia; Norway Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry
Zhu, B., G. Wang, B. Huang, and C. K. Tseng. 2004. Effects of temperature, hypoxia, ammonia and nitrate on the bleaching among three coral species. Chinese Science Bulletin 49:1923-1928. 2004 Global Algae; Aquaculture; Light; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Salazar M., A., O. G. Lizano, and E. J. Alfaro. 2004. Sediment composition in the coastal zones of Costa Rica using X-ray fluorescence [Composicion de sedimentos en las zonas costeras de Costa Rica utilizando Fluorescencia de Rayos-X (FRX)]. Revista de Biologia Tropical 52:61-75. 2004 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Costa Rica; Caribbean Index or Indicator Beaches & Nature Parks; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Sediment
Birkeland, C. 2004. Ratcheting down the coral reefs. Bioscience 54:1021-1027. 2004 Global CO2; Cultural Policies; Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Sediment
Winkler, R., A. Antonius, and D. A. Renegar. 2004. The skeleton eroding band disease on coral reefs of aqaba, red sea. Marine Ecology 25:129-144. 2004 Australia; Mauritius; Saudi Arabia Hydrocoral; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Pontie, M., A. Lhassani, C. K. Diawara, A. Elana, C. Innocent, D. Aureau, M. Rumeau, J. P. Croue, H. Buisson, and P. Hemery. 2004. Seawater nanofiltration for the elaboration of usable salty waters. Desalination 167:347-355. 2004 France Field Study & Monitoring; Model Coal Mining; Salinity
Martina, M., D. W. Hutmacher, and S. Valiyaveettil. 2004. Developing natural hard tissue as scaffolds for tissue repairs. Page 1024 in Transactions - 7th World Biomaterials Congress. 2004 Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Tankers; Seastars
Weight, A. 2004. Artificial reef in Newquay, UK. Pages 87-95 in Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Municipal Engineer. 2004 Artificial Habitat; Coastal Engineering; Tourism & Recreation
Dunne, J. A., R. J. Williams, and N. D. Martinez. 2004. Network structure and robustness of marine food webs. Marine Ecology Progress Series 273:291-302. 2004 South & Central America; Caribbean; South Africa Model Finfish Harvest
2004. U.S. Ocean Action Plan: The Bush Administration�s Response to the U.S. Ocean Commission on Policy. 2004 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Pacific Ocean; Mexico Climate; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Microorganisms; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Tourism & Recreation
Epstein, P. R. and C. Rogers, editors. 2004. INSIDE THE GREENHOUSE THE IMPACTS OF CO2 AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE INNER CITY. Center for Health and the Global Environment Harvard Medical School, Boston, (MA, USA). 2004 Climate; CO2; Microorganisms; Pathogens
Lin, J.-Y., S. Huang, S.-H. Chen, W.-C. Chen, and S. L. Yu. 2004. A BMP system for A clay mining facility in Taiwan. Pages 477-485 in Proceedings of the 2004 World Water and Environmetal Resources Congress: Critical Transitions in Water and Environmetal Resources Management. 2004 Taiwan Field Study & Monitoring Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
D'Anna, G., V. M. Giacalone, F. Badalamenti, and C. Pipitone. 2004. Releasing of hatchery-reared juveniles of the white seabream Diplodus sargus (L., 1758) in the Gulf of Castellammare artificial reef area (NW Sicily). Aquaculture 233:251-268. 2004 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Hawkins, J. P. and C. M. Roberts. 2004. Effects of fishing on sex-changing Caribbean parrotfishes. Biological Conservation 115:213-226. 2004 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Jamaica; Caribbean Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish
Kaunda-Arara, B. and G. A. Rose. 2004. Effects of marine reef National Parks on fishery CPUE in coastal Kenya. Biological Conservation 118:13-Jan. 2004 Kenya Model Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Seagrasses
Frihy, O. E., M. A. El Ganaini, W. R. El Sayed, and M. M. Iskander. 2004. The role of fringing coral reef in beach protection of Hurghada, Gulf of Suez, Red Sea of Egypt. Ecological Engineering 22:17-25. 2004 Egypt Field Study & Monitoring; Model Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Docks & Marinas; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Guillaume, M. M. M. 2004. Corals and coral trade [Les coraux et leur commerce]. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 129:28-Nov. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu; Fiji; Indonesia; Philippines; Taiwan; Europe; Spain; France Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Hydrocoral; Monetary Valuation; Octocoral; Ornamental Jewelry & Art
Iliescu, M., V. Nelea, J. Werckmann, I. N. Mihailescu, G. Socol, A. Bigi, and B. Bracci. 2004. Electron microscopy studies of octa-calcium phosphate thin films obtained by pulsed laser deposition. Pages 157-161 Thin Solid Films. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Cheng, J., H. Wang, S. Yang, and Z. Ma. 2004. Research on the application of DSR equation migration to narrow azimuth data. Tianranqi Gongye/Natural Gas Industry 24:50-52+7. 2004 Model Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
McDaniels, T. L. and R. Gregory. 2004. Learning as an Objective within a Structured Risk Management Decision Process. Environmental Science and Technology 38:1921-1926. 2004 Columbia Review Fishing Sector; Natural Gas & Electric Power
Guidetti, P. 2004. Consumers of sea urchins, Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula, in shallow Mediterranean rocky reefs. Helgoland Marine Research 58:110-116. 2004 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sea Urchins
Sponaugle, S. and D. R. Pinkard. 2004. Impact of variable pelagic environments on natural larval growth and recruitment of the reef fish Thalassoma bifasciatum. Journal of Fish Biology 64:34-54. 2004 Fish; Fishing Sector; Planktivorous Fish; Salinity
Chapman, B. and J. R. Turner. 2004. Development of a geographical information system for the marine resources of Rodrigues. Journal of Natural History 38:2937-2957. 2004 Indian Ocean; India Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Octopus & Squid; Skeletal Coral
Fusetani, N. 2004. Search for drug leads from Japanese marine invertebrates. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi/Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry 62:1073-1079. 2004 Japan Invertebrates; Sponges; Tunicates
Sharma, V. P. 2004. Indonesian pipeline presents construction, environmental challenges. Pipeline and Gas Journal 231:74-78. 2004 India; Indonesia Pipelines
Arias-Gonzalez, J.E., E. Nunez-Lara, C. Gonzalez-Salas, and R. Galzin. 2004. Trophic models for investigation of fishing effect on coral reef ecosystems. Ecological Modelling 172:197-212. 2004 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Primary Production
Ben-Nissan, B., A. Milev, and R. Vago. 2004. Morphology of sol-gel derived nano-coated coralline hydroxyapatite. Biomaterials 25:4971-4975. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mendoza Baldwin, E. G. and R. Silva Casarin. 2004. Beach profile model in the presence of submerged protection structures [Modelo de perfil de playa en presencia de estructuras sumergidas de proteccion]. Ingenieria Hidraulica en Mexico 19:16-May. 2004 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection
Ben-Nissan, B., A. Milev, R. Vago, M. Conway, and A. Diwan. 2004. Sol-Gel Derived Nano-Coated Coralline Hydroxyapatite for Load Bearing Applications. Key Engineering Materials 301-304. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Moscardo, G. 2004. East versus West: A useful distinction or misleading myth. Tourism 52:20-Jul. 2004 Global; Australia; Japan; United Kingdom Tourism & Recreation
Tripati, S., A. S. Gaur, Sundaresh, and K. H. Vora. 2004. Shipwreck archaeology of Goa: Evidence of maritime contacts with other countries. Current Science 86:1238-1245. 2004 India Housing
Parrish, F. A. and R. C. Boland. 2004. Habitat and reef-fish assemblages of banks in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Marine Biology 144:1065-1073. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Primary Production
Cinner, J. E. and R. B. Pollnac. 2004. Poverty, perceptions and planning: Why socioeconomics matter in the management of Mexican reefs. Ocean and Coastal Management 47:479-493. 2004 South & Central America; Mexico Fishing Sector
Foale, S. and B. Manele. 2004. Social and political barriers to the use of Marine Protected Areas for conservation and fishery management in Melanesia. Asia Pacific Viewpoint 45:373-386. 2004 Solomon Islands; Papua New Guinea Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Bellwood, D. R., T. P. Hughes, C. Folke, and M. Nystrom. 2004. Confronting the coral reef crisis. Nature 429:827-833. 2004 South & Central America; Caribbean Review Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Rosa, J., P. Vanuga, M. Noskovic, and A. Ritomsky. 2004. Profile of patients presenting with postmenopausal osteoporosis treated with raloxifene [Profil pacientek s postmenopauzalni osteoporozou lečených raloxifenem]. Osteologicky Bulletin 9:18-21. 2004
Blake, D. 2004. Biodiscovery - From reef to outback. Nature 429. 2004 Australia Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Jones, G. P., M. I. McCormick, M. Srinivasan, and J. V. Eagle. 2004. Coral decline threatens fish biodiversity in marine reserves. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101:8251-8253. 2004 Papua New Guinea Finfish Harvest; Fish
Behrens, M. D. and K. D. Lafferty. 2004. Effects of marine reserves and urchin disease on southern Californian rocky reef communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series 279:129-139. 2004 Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Pathogens
Uthicke, S., D. Welch, and J. A. H. Benzie. 2004. Slow growth and lack of recovery in overfished holothurians on the Great Barrier Reef: Evidence from DNA fingerprints and repeated large-scale surveys. Conservation Biology 18:1395-1404. 2004 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Nutrients
Lobel, P. S. and L. K. Lobel. 2004. Annotated checklist of the fishes of Wake Atoll. Pacific Science 58:65-90. 2004 Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Military
Little, L. R., S. Kuikka, A. E. Punt, F. Pantus, C. R. Davies, and B. D. Mapstone. 2004. Information flow among fishing vessels modelled using a Bayesian network. Environmental Modelling & Software 19:27-34. 2004 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Ogata, H. Y., A. C. Emata, E. S. Garibay, and H. Furuita. 2004. Fatty acid composition of five candidate aquaculture species in Central Philippines. Aquaculture 236:361-375. 2004 Philippines Aquaculture; Fish; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish
McClanahan, T. R. and S. C. Mangi. 2004. Gear-based management of a tropical artisanal fishery based on species selectivity and capture size. Fisheries Management and Ecology 11:51-60. 2004 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Seagrasses
Parsons, B. S., P. R. Vogt, H. Haflidason, and W.-Y. Jung. 2004. Seafloor reconnaissance and classification of the Storegga Slide headwall region, Norwegian Sea, using side-scan sonar, video, and photographs acquired on submarine NR-1. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 88:841-855. 2004 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring Coastal Defense; Military; Sponges; Water Depth & Sea Level
De Paula, A. F. and J. C. Creed. 2004. Two species of the coral Tubastraea (Cnidaria, Scleractinia) in Brazil: A case of accidental introduction. Bulletin of Marine Science 74:175-183. 2004 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Oil & Gas Rigs; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Stony Coral
McCutcheon, A. L., G. S. K. Kannangara, M. A. Wilson, and B. Ben-Nissan. 2004. Preliminary analysis of pore distributions using NMR in natural coral and hydrothermally prepared hydroxyapatite. Journal of Materials Science 39:5711-5717. 2004 Australia Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Toxics
Allemand, D., C. Ferrier-Pages, P. Furla, F. Houlbreque, S. Puverel, S. Reynaud, E. Tambutte, S. Tambutte, and D. Zoccola. 2004. Biomineralisation in reef-building corals: From molecular mechanisms to environmental control. Comptes Rendus - Palevol 3:453-467. 2004 Review Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Loya, Y. 2004. Coral Reef Health and Diease. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 2004 Review Aquaculture; Discharges; Nutrients; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral
Gribble, N. A. 2004. A spatially explicit multi-competitor coexistence model of penaeid (shrimp) distribution on the Australian Great Barrier Reef. Ecological Modelling 177:61-74. 2004 Australia Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Storms & Hurricanes; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Musick, J. A. and J. K. Ellis. 2004. Constraints on sustainable marine fisheries in the United States: A look at the record. Pages 44-66 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); England Review; Model Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Fishing Sector
Foster, S. J. and A. C. J. Vincent. 2004. Life history and ecology of seahorses: Implications for conservation and management. Journal of Fish Biology 65:Jan-61. 2004 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Seagrasses
Lapointe, B. E., P. J. Barile, and W. R. Matzie. 2004. Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment of seagrass and coral reef communities in the Lower Florida Keys: Discrimination of local versus regional nitrogen sources. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 308:23-58. 2004 Global; Florida Agriculture; Algae; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Agardy, T. 2004. America's Coral Reefs: Awash with Problems. Issues in Science and Technology 20:35-42. 2004 Finfish Harvest; Pathogens
Sun, W. H., J. B. Lo, F. M. Robert, C. Ray, and C.-S. Tang. 2004. Phytoremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in tropical coastal soils: I. Selection of promising woody plants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 11:260-266. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Military; Remediation; Salinity; Sediment
Purcell, S. W., M. J. Amos, and K. Pakoa. 2004. Releases of cultured sub-adult Trochus niloticus generate broodstock for fishery replenishment in Vanuatu. Fisheries Research 67:329-333. 2004 Vanuatu Fishing Sector
Hart, N. S., T. J. Lisney, N. J. Marshall, and S. P. Collin. 2004. Multiple cone visual pigments and the potential for trichromatic colour vision in two species of elasmobranch. Journal of Experimental Biology 207:4587-4594. 2004 Apex Fish Predators; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Pomeroy, R. S., J. E. Parks, and L. M. Watson. 2004. How is your MPA doing? a guidebook of natural and social indicators for evaluating marine protected area management effectiveness. he World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. 2004 Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Waste Management Policies
Walter, A. and S. C. Lambrecht. 2004. Biosphere 2 Center as a unique tool for environmental studies. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 6:267-277. 2004 Global; Columbia Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Climate; CO2; Forestry; Irrigation
Berlinck, R. G. S., E. Hajdu, R. M. Da Rocha, J. H. H. L. De Oliveira, I. L. C. Hernandez, M. H. R. Seleghim, A. C. Granato, E. V. R. De Almeida, C. V. Nunez, G. Muricy, S. Peixinho, C. Pessoa, M. O. Moraes, B. C. Cavalcanti, G. G. F. Nascimento, O. Thiemann, M. Silva, A. O. Souza, C. L. Silva, and P. R. Minarini. 2004. Challenges and Rewards of Research in Marine Natural Products Chemistry in Brazil. Journal of Natural Products 67:510-522. 2004 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Review Collaboration & Partnering; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Octocoral; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Dulvy, N. K., R. P. Freckleton, and N. V. C. Polunin. 2004. Coral reef cascades and the indirect effects of predator removal by exploitation. Ecology Letters 7:410-416. 2004 Fiji Algae; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Seastars; Stony Coral
Bryan, S. E., A. Cook, J. P. Evans, P. W. Colls, M. G. Wells, M. G. Lawrence, J. S. Jell, A. Greig, and R. Leslie. 2004. Pumice rafting and faunal dispersion during 2001-2002 in the Southwest Pacific: Record of a dacitic submarine explosive eruption from Tonga. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 227:135-154. 2004 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Fiji; Tonga Model Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Invasive Species; Marine Worms; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
LaMotte, R. 2004. Pure sea glass. Chesapeake Sea Glass Publishing, Chestertown, MD. 2004 Tourism & Recreation
Sale, P. F. 2004. Connectivity, recruitment variation, and the structure of reef fish communities. Pages 390-399 in Integrative and Comparative Biology. 2004 Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Molinski, T. F. 2004. Antifungal compounds from marine organisms. Current Medicinal Chemistry: Anti-Infective Agents 3:197-220. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Review Invertebrates; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hardman, E. R., M. S. Meunier, J. R. Turner, T. L. Lynch, M. Taylor, and R. Klaus. 2004. The extent of coral bleaching in Rodrigues, 2002. Journal of Natural History 38:3077-3089. 2004 Indian Ocean; India Algae; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Stony Coral; Turf Algae
Bertelsen, R. D., C. Cox, R. Beaver, and J. H. Hunt. 2004. A reexamination of monitoring projects of southern Florida adult spiny lobster Panulirus argus, 1973-2002: The response of local spiny lobster populations, in size structure, abundance, and fecundity, to different-sized sanctuaries. Pages 195-210 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2004 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Brock, R. J. and B. F. Culhane. 2004. The no-take research natural area of Dry Tortugas National Park (Florida): Wishful thinking or responsible planning? Pages 67-74 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2004 Florida Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Beaches & Nature Parks; Boating Regulations; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Seagrasses
Bostock, I. 2004. Australia 'odds on' to buy Boeing 737 MMA. Jane's Defence Weekly. 2004 Australia Military
[No author name available]. 2004. US completes destruction of chemical-warfare rockets. Jane's Missiles and Rockets. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Military
Duval, M. A., D. N. Rader, K. C. Lindeman. 2004. Linking habitat protection and marine protected area programs to conserve coral reefs and associated back reef habitats. Bulletin of Marine Science 75:321-334. 2004 Field Study & Monitoring Coastal Development; Complex Habitat & Resources; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting
Bath, A., B. Shackleton, and C. Botica. 2004. Development of temperature criteria for marine discharge from a large industrial seawater supplies project in Western Australia. Water SA 30:648-654. 2004 Australia Discharges; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pipelines; Water
Nardi, K., G. P. Jones, M. J. Moran, and Y. W. Cheng. 2004. Contrasting effects of marine protected areas on the abundance of two exploited reef fishes at the sub-tropical Houtman Abrolhos Islands, Western Australia. Environmental Conservation 31:160-168. 2004 Australia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Planktivorous Fish
Klosowska, B. B., S. R. Troelstra, J. E. Van Hinte, D. Beets, K. Van Der Borg, and A. F. M. De Jong. 2004. Late holocene environmental reconstruction of St. Michiel saline lagoon, Curacao (Dutch Antilles). Radiocarbon 46:765-774. 2004 Antilles; Europe Agriculture; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Deforestation & Devegetation; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Garrison, V. H., C. S. Rogers, J. Beets, and A. M. Friedlander. 2004. The habitats exploited and the species trapped in a Caribbean island trap fishery. Environmental Biology of Fishes 71:247-260. 2004 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Wapnick, C. M., W. F. Precht, and R. B. Aronson. 2004. Millennial-scale dynamics of staghorn coral in Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Ecology Letters 7:354-361. 2004 South & Central America; Jamaica; Caribbean Algae; Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Okey, T. A., S. Banks, A. F. Born, R. H. Bustamante, M. Calvopina, G. J. Edgar, E. Espinoza, J. M. Farina, L. E. Garske, G. K. Reck, S. Salazar, S. Shepherd, V. Toral-Granda, and P. Wallem. 2004. A trophic model of a Galapagos subtidal rocky reef for evaluating fisheries and conservation strategies. Ecological Modelling 172:383-401. 2004 Model Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Ochiewo, J. 2004. Changing fisheries practices and their socioeconomic implications in South Coast Kenya. Ocean and Coastal Management 47:389-408. 2004 Kenya Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Sacks, A. 2004. The Alaska tourism satellite account: a comprehensive analysis of the economic contribution of travel & tourism. Global Insight. 2004 Tourism & Recreation
Florida Department of Environmental Protection. 2004. Southeast Florida coral reef initiative: a local action strategy. 2004 Florida Coastal Development; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest
Yu, K., M. Jiang, Z. Cheng, and T. Chen. 2004. Latest forty two years' sea surface temperature change of Weizhou Island and its influence on coral reef ecosystem. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology 15:506-510. 2004 Global; China Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest
[No author name available]. 2004. Barbados - A sunny pleasure dome. International Sugar Journal 105:10-Sep. 2004 South & Central America; Columbia; Caribbean Beaches & Nature Parks; Medical Centers; Tourism & Recreation
Goldberg, J. and C. Wilkinson. 2004. Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2004. 2004 Global Agriculture; Climate; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Seastars; Sediment
Kim, S. R., S. J. Jung, Y. J. Lee, H. Song, and Y. H. Kim. 2004. Silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite derived from coral. Key Engineering Materials 1941-1944. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kim, S. R., J. H. Lee, Y. T. Kim, S. J. Jung, Y. J. Lee, H. Song, and Y. H. Kim. 2004. Bioactive Behaviors of Porous Si-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Derived from Coral. Key Engineering Materials 969-972. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Wilkinson, C. 2004. Status of the coral reefs of the world: 2004 Volume 1. Australian Institution of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia. 2004 Global Climate; Cultural Protections; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Shipp, R. L. 2004. Harvest benefits: Marine reserves or traditional fishery management tools. Pages 125-131 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2004 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Flynn, A. M. 2004. Marine protected areas: federal legal authority. Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC. 2004 Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management
Buonaccorsi, V. P., M. Westerman, J. Stannard, C. Kimbrell, E. Lynn, and R. D. Vetter. 2004. Molecular genetic structure suggests limited larval dispersal in grass rockfish, Sebastes rastrelliger. Marine Biology 145:779-788. 2004 South & Central America; Mexico Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Nogue, S., P. Sanz-Gallen, J. M. Gill, and F. Pages. 2004. Red sea coral sting: A risk associated with tourism in tropical waters [3] [Picadura por coral de fuego: Un riesgo asociado al turismo en aguas tropicales]. Medicina Clinica 123:277-278. 2004 Tourism & Recreation
Wilkinson, C. 2004. Status of coral reefs of the world: 2004 volume 2. Australian Institution of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia. 2004 Global; South & Central America; Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Micronesia; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu; New Caledonia; Fiji; Tonga; Niue; Samoa; Tuvalu; Kiribati; Cook Islands; American Samoa; Caribbean Climate; Cultural Protections; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Le Goff-Vitry, M. C., O. G. Pybus, and A. D. Rogers. 2004. Genetic structure of the deep-sea coral Lophelia pertusa in the northeast Atlantic revealed by microsatellites and internal transcribed spacer sequences. Molecular Ecology 13:537-549. 2004 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Europe Fishing Sector; Stony Coral
Pepponi, A. L. C. 2004. An English aquarium [Acquario inglese]. Industria Italiana del Cemento 74:746-755. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Europe Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Kuo, J., M.-C. Chen, C.-H. Lin, and L.-S. Fang. 2004. Comparative gene expression in the symbiotic and aposymbiotic Aiptasia pulchella by expressed sequence tag analysis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 318:176-186. 2004 Model Anemones & Zooanthids; Zooxanthellae
Cesar, H. S. J., P. van Beukering, R. Payet, and E. Grandourt. 2004. Evaluation of the socio-economic impacts of marine ecosystem degradation in the Seychelles. Cesar Environmental Economics Consulting, Netherlands. 2004 Seychelles Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Cultural Services; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Leopold, M., J. Ferraris, and P. Labrosse. 2004. Assessment of the reliability of fish consumption as an indicator of reef fish catches in small Pacific islands: The example of Ouvea Island in New Caledonia. Aquatic Living Resource 17:119-127. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Resource Use Management
Jenkins, G. P. 2004. The ecosystem effects of abalone fishing: A review. Marine and Freshwater Research 55:545-552. 2004 Review; Index or Indicator Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Svavarsson, J. and K. Jorundsdottir. 2004. A new gnathiid species (Crustacea, Isopoda, Cymothoida) from Rodrigues, Mauritius, Indian Ocean. Journal of Natural History 38:3103-3111. 2004 Indian Ocean; Mauritius; India Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Shuman, C. S., G. Hodgson, and R. F. Ambrose. 2004. Managing the marine aquarium trade: Is eco-certification the answer? Environmental Conservation 31:339-348. 2004 Global; Indonesia; Philippines Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Watson, M. and J. L. Munro. 2004. Settlement and recruitment of coral reef fishes in moderately exploited and overexploited Caribbean ecosystems: Implications for marine protected areas. Fisheries Research 69:415-425. 2004 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Jamaica; British Virgin Islands; Caribbean Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Hyams, M., R. Gorham, B. B. Gorham, L. Howitt, and K. Dixon. 2004. Best practice methods for offshore pipeline installation in sensitive shallow water marine environments. in SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. 2004 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Pipelines
Pavlov, D. S., A. V. Smurov, L. V. Il'yash, D. N. Matorin, N. A. Kluyev, S. V. Kotelevtsev, V. S. Rumak, and T. G. Smurova. 2004. Present-day state of coral reefs of Nha Trang Bay (Southern Vietnam) and possible reasons for the disturbance of habitats of Scleractinian corals. Russian Journal of Marine Biology 30:43-50. 2004 Cuba; Vietnam Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sediment; Stony Coral
Vagelli, A. A. 2004. Significant increase in survival of captive-bred juvenile Banggai cardinalfish Pterapogon kauderni with an essential fatty acid-enriched diet. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 35:61-69. 2004 Indonesia Aquaculture; Fish
Haddad Jr., V. 2004. Cutaneous infections and injuries caused by traumatic and venomous animals which occurred in domestic and commercial aquariums in Brazil: A study of 18 cases and an overview of the theme [Infeccões cutâneas e acidentes por animais traumatizantes e vene. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 79:157-167. 2004 Microorganisms; Tourism & Recreation
Kaczorowska, B. and A. Hacura. 2004. Spectroscopic study of coral and bone structure. Pages 123-125 in Physica Medica. 2004 Review Biotechnology Research & Development; Stony Coral
Kelty, R., K. Andrews, J. Wheaton, L. Nall, C. Beaver, W. Japp, B. Keller, V. R. Leeworthy, J. A. Bohnsack, T. Matthews, J. Ault, F. Ferro, G. Delgado, D. Harper, J. Hunt, B. Sharp, C. Pattengil-Semmens, S. Smith, R. Spieler, R.E. Dodge, D. Gilliam, B. Goodwin, G. Schmahl, E. Hickerson, J. R. Garcia, C. Lilyestrom, R. Appeldoorn, A. Bruckner, E. Williams, C. .F.G. Jeffrey, U. Alauf, A. Riedlander, C. Rogers, J. Miller, J. Beets, R. Nemeth, S. Herzlieb, V. Mayor, W. Toller, Z. Hillis-Starr, S. Caseau, and M. Miller. 2004. Status of coral reefs in the U.S. Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico: Florida, Flower Garden Banks, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, Navassa. Pages 431-450 Status of coral reefs of the world: 2004. Volume 2. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 2004 South & Central America; Florida; US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico; Caribbean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Climate; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Marine Protected Areas; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Williamson, D. H., G. R. Russ, and A. M. Ayling. 2004. No-take marine reserves increase abundance and biomass of reef fish on inshore fringing reefs of the Great Barrier Reef. Environmental Conservation 31:149-159. 2004 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas
Smith, J. E., C. L. Hunter, E. J. Conklin, R. Most, T. Sauvage, C. Squair, and C. M. Smith. 2004. Ecology of the invasive red alga Gracilaria salicornia (Rhodophyta) on O'ahu, Hawai'i. Pacific Science 58:325-343. 2004 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Aquaculture; Invasive Species; Salinity; Social Organizations
Najafpour, H. D., A. H. Suzina, A. Nizam, and A. R. Samsudin. 2004. A comparative study of osseointegration phenomenon in coated and non-coated NiTi implants in a rabbit model. The Medical journal of Malaysia 121-122. 2004 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Rosdan, S., K. A. Al-Salihi, A. H. Suzina, and A. R. Samsudin. 2004. In vivo study of CORAGRAF: a preliminary results. The Medical journal of Malaysia 111-112. 2004 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Shamsuria, O., A. S. Fadilah, A. B. Asiah, M. R. Rodiah, A. H. Suzina, and A. R. Samsudin. 2004. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of biomaterials on human osteoblast cells CRL-1543; hydroxyapatite, natural coral and polyhydroxybutarate. The Medical journal of Malaysia 174-175. 2004 Cuba; Malaysia Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Lynch, T.P., E. Wilkinson, L. Melling, R. Hamilton, A. Macready, and S. Feary. 2004. Conflict and Impacts of Divers and Anglers in a Marine Park. Environmental Management 33:196-211. 2004 Australia; Cuba Apex Fish Predators; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
[No author name available]. 2004. Proceedings of SPIE - Genetically Engineered and Optical Probes for Biomedical Applications II. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 5329. 2004 Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hale, S. S., J. F. Paul, and J. F. Heltshe. 2004. Watershed landscape indicators of estuarine benthic condition. Estuaries 27:283-295. 2004 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model; Index or Indicator Agriculture; Invertebrates; Wetlands
Harrison, S. L., P. A. Leggat, P. J. Fenner, D. N. Durrheim, and A. L. Swinbourne. 2004. Reported Knowledge, Perceptions, and Behavior of Tourists and North Queensland Residents at Risk of Contact with Jellyfish that Cause the \Irukandji Syndrome\"". Wilderness and Environmental Medicine 15:10-Apr. 2004 Australia Textiles & Apparel; Tourism & Recreation; Travel Services & Tour Operators
Barker, N. H. L. and C. M. Roberts. 2004. Scuba diver behaviour and the management of diving impacts on coral reefs. Biological Conservation 120:481-489. 2004 Cuba; St. Lucia Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Frias-Lopez, J., J. S. Klaus, G. T. Bonheyo, and B. W. Fouke. 2004. Bacterial community associated with black band disease in corals. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70:5955-5962. 2004 Cyanobacteria; Pathogens; Stony Coral
McConnell, A. 2004. L.F. Marsigli (1658-1730): Early contributions to marine science and hydrography. International Hydrographic Review 5:15-Jun. 2004 France Military
Glazer, R. A. and J. A. Kidney. 2004. Habitat associations of adult queen conch (Strombus gigas L.) in an unfished florida keys back reef: Applications to essential fish habitat. Bulletin of Marine Science 75:205-224. 2004 Florida Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch
Chiappone, M., D. W. Swanson, S. L. Miller, and H. Dienes. 2004. Spatial distribution of lost fishing gear on fished and protected offshore reefs in the Florida Keys national marine sanctuary. Caribbean Journal of Science 40:312-326. 2004 Florida Field Study & Monitoring Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Tissot, B. N., W. J. Walsh, and L. E. Hallacher. 2004. Evaluating effectiveness of a marine protected area network in West Hawai'i to increase productivity of an aquarium fishery. Pacific Science 58:175-188. 2004 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Small Herbivorous Fish
van Beukering, P. J. H. and H. S. J. Cesar. 2004. Ecological economic modeling of coral reefs: Evaluating tourist overuse at Hanauma Bay and algae blooms at the Kīhei Coast, Hawai'i. Pacific Science 58:243-260. 2004 Model Algae; Discharges; Hotel & Food Services; Mitigation; Monetary Valuation; Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation
Coleman, F. C., P. B. Baker, and C. C. Koenig. 2004. A Review of Gulf of Mexico Marine Protected Areas: Successes, Failures, and Lessons Learned. Fisheries 29:21-Oct. 2004 South & Central America; Mexico Review; Field Study & Monitoring Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Hamano, A., Y. Umetani, H. Tanoue, and T. Nakamura. 2004. Application of marine GIS using information from sonar for coastal fisheries. Pages 428-432 in Ocean '04 - MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04: Bridges across the Oceans - Conference Proceedings. 2004 GIS & Maps Fish; Fishing Sector
Kawahata, H., H. Ohta, M. Inoue, and A. Suzuki. 2004. Endocrine disrupter nonylphenol and bisphenol A contamination in Okinawa and Ishigaki Islands, Japan - Within coral reefs and adjacent river mouths. Chemosphere 55:1519-1527. 2004 Japan Agriculture; Discharges; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Watanabe, K., K. Sugiyama, and A. Nakamura. 2004. A concept of distributed compact AUV groups for the continuous monitoring of coastal sea environment. Pages 511-516 in Ocean '04 - MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04: Bridges across the Oceans - Conference Proceedings. 2004 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Small Boats; Waterborne Discharges
Kamukuru, A. T., Y. D. Mgaya, and M. C. Ohman. 2004. Evaluating a marine protected area in a developing country: Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania. Ocean and Coastal Management 47:321-337. 2004 Tanzania Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Harris, C. T. and L. F. Cooper. 2004. Comparison of bone graft matrices for human mesenchymal stem cell-directed osteogenesis. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 68:747-755. 2004 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Boyer, K. E., P. Fong, A. R. Armitage, and R. A. Cohen. 2004. Elevated nutrient content of tropical macroalgae increases rates of herbivory in coral, seagrass, and mangrove habitats. Coral Reefs 23:530-538. 2004 Honduras Algae; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Nutrients; Seagrasses
Ren, G.-H., X.-J. Liu, and G.-X. Pei. 2004. Biocompatibility of coral hydroxyapatite and adult human osteoblasts derived from bone marrow. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 8:4883-4885. 2004 Lab Study Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mumby, P. J., A. J. Edwards, J. E. Arias-Gonzalez, K. C. Lindeman, P. G. Blackwell, A. Gall, M. I. Gorczynska, A. R. Harborne, C. L. Pescod., H. Renken, C. C. C. Wabnitz, and G. Llewenyn. 2004. Mangroves enhance the biomass of coral reef fish communities in the Caribbean. Nature 427:533-536. 2004 Global; South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Commercial Fisheries; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Small Herbivorous Fish
Jouvenel, J.-Y., F. Bachet, J.-G. Harmelin, and D. Bellan-Santini. 2004. Biological monitoring of a marine reserve ('Cote bleue' marine park, Marseilles Bay, Mediterranean Sea, France) [Suivi biologique d'une reserve marine de la Cote bleue (golfe de Marseille, Mediterranee, France)]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 59:243-251. 2004 France Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Pavageau, J. 2004. Research in human sciences and management of protected areas [La recherche en sciences humaines et la gestion des aires protegees]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 59:71-76. 2004 Global; Reunion Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Haasch, M. L., M. F. Johnston, and S. Codi. 2004. Environmental induction of CYP1A- and CYP2K1-like proteins in two tropical fish species by produced formation water on the northwest shelf of Australia. Marine Environmental Research 58:536-537. 2004 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Discharges; Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs
Loya, Y., H. Lubinevsky, M. Rosenfeld, and E. Kramarsky-Winter. 2004. Nutrient enrichment caused by in situ fish farms at Eilat, Red Sea is detrimental to coral reproduction. Marine Pollution Bulletin 49:344-353. 2004 Aquaculture; Nutrients
Lafferty, K. D., J. W. Porter, and S. E. Ford. 2004. Are diseases increasing in the ocean? Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 35:31-54. 2004 Global; South & Central America; Caribbean Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Molluscs; Pathogens; Sea Urchins
Kaunda-Arara, B. and G. A. Rose. 2004. Out-migration of tagged fishes from marine Reef National Parks to fisheries in coastal Kenya. Environmental Biology of Fishes 70:363-372. 2004 Kenya Fish; Fishing Sector
Hampton, M. A., C. T. Blay, and C. J. Murray. 2004. Carbonate sediment deposits on the reef front around Oahu, Hawaii. Marine Georesources and Geotechnology 22:65-102. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii Lab Study; GIS & Maps Beaches & Nature Parks; Calcareous Macroalgae; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Schroeder, D. M. and M. S. Love. 2004. Ecological and political issues surrounding decommissioning of offshore oil facilities in the Southern California Bight. Ocean and Coastal Management 47:21-48. 2004 South & Central America; Mexico Climate; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Oil & Gas Rigs
Verheij, E., S. Makoloweka, and H. Kalombo. 2004. Collaborative coastal management improves coral reefs and fisheries in Tanga, Tanzania. Ocean and Coastal Management 47:309-320. 2004 Tanzania Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves
Miller, K. J., C. N. Mundy, and W. L. Chadderton. 2004. Ecological and genetic evidence of the vulnerability of shallow-water populations of the stylasterid hydro coral Errina novaezelandiae in New Zealand's fiords. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 14:75-94. 2004 Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Hydrocoral; Tourism & Recreation
Brock, J. C., C. W. Wright, T. D. Clayton, and A. Nayegandhi. 2004. LIDAR optical rugosity of coral reefs in Biscayne National Park, Florida. Coral Reefs 23:48-59. 2004 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; Remote Sensing Complex Habitat & Resources; Substrate
Fenner, D., T. H. Clark, J. R. Turner, and B. Chapman. 2004. A checklist of the corals of the island state of Rodrigues, Mauritius. Journal of Natural History 38:3091-3102. 2004 Indian Ocean; Cuba; Mauritius; India Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Stony Coral
Lee, T. W., M. Radzuan b Yusof, BO NI Rosli b, and S. A. Rahman. 2004. Protecting shallow water environment through re-injecting drilling wastes down hole: A proactive management decision. Pages 855-861 in International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. 2004 Bahrain Discharges; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Seagrasses
Cosack, C. 2004. Energy supply in the extended European union [Energieversorgung in der erweiterten Europaischen Union]. Gluckauf: Die Fachzeitschrift fur Rohstoff, Bergbau und Energie 140:249-252+206. 2004 Europe; Poland Coal Mining
Laws, E. A., D. Brown, and C. Peace. 2004. Coastal water quality in the Kihei and Lahaina districts of the island of Maui, Hawaiian Islands. Impacts from physical habitat and groundwater seepage: Implications for water quality standards. International Journal of Environment and Pollution 22:531-546. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii Beaches & Nature Parks; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges
Mumby, P. J., W. Skirving, A. E. Strong, J. T. Hardy, E. F. LeDrew, E. J. Hochberg, R. P. Stumpg, and L. T. David. 2004. Remote sensing of coral reefs and their physical environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 48:219-228. 2004 Review; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Internet & Telecommunications; Light
Crabbe, M. J. C., S. Karaviotis, and D. J. Smith. 2004. Monitoring growth of hard corals as performance indicators for coral reefs. Journal of Biological Education 38:113-117. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; Jamaica; Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment; Stony Coral
Devecioglu, D., T. F. Tozum, D. Sengun, and R. M. Nohutcu. 2004. Biomaterials in periodontal regenerative surgery: Effects of cryopreserved bone, commercially available coral, demineralized freeze-dried dentin, and cementum on periodontal ligament fibroblasts and osteoblasts. Journal of Biomaterials Applications 19:107-120. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Denny, C. M., T. J. Willis, and R. C. Babcock. 2004. Rapid recolonisation of snapper Pagrus auratus: Sparidae within an offshore island marine reserve after implementation of no-take status. Marine Ecology Progress Series 272:183-190. 2004 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Piscivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Dollar, S.J., R.W. Grigg. 2004. Anthropogenic and Natural Stresses on Selected Coral Reefs in Hawai'i: A Multidecade Synthesis of Impact and Recovery. Pacific Science 58:281-304. 2004 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Hotel & Food Services; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Petersen, D., M. Laterveer, D. Van Bergen, and M. Kuenen. 2004. Transportation techniques for massive scleractinian corals. Zoo Biology 23:165-176. 2004 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Pathogens; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Stony Coral
Tutken, T., H.-U. Pfretzschner, T. W. Vennemann, G. Sun, and Y. D. Wang. 2004. Paleobiology and skeletochronology of Jurassic dinosaurs: Implications from the histology and oxygen isotope compositions of bones. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 206:217-238. 2004 China Climate; Water
[No author name available]. 2004. The biology and ecology of the North Sea. Journal of Offshore Technology 12:35-39. 2004 Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Finfish Harvest; Fish
Steiner, S. C. C. 2003. Stony corals and reefs of Dominica, lesser antilles. Atoll Research Bulletin 15-Jan. 2003 Antilles Algae; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Hydrocoral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Steller, D. L., R. Riosmena-Rodriguez, M. S. Foster, and C. A. Roberts. 2003. Rhodolith bed diversity in the Gulf of California: The importance of rhodolith structure and consequences of disturbance. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 13. 2003 Algae; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Marine Worms; Sediment; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
McDonald, J. I., K. A. McGuinness, and J. N. A. Hooper. 2003. Influence of re-orientation on alignment to flow and tissue production in a Spongia sp. (Porifera:Demospongiae:Dictyoceratida). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 296:13-22. 2003 Aquaculture; Seawater Flow; Sponges
Lozano-Alvarez, E., P. Briones-Fourzan, and M. E. Ramos-Aguilar. 2003. Distribution, shelter fidelity, and movements of subadult spiny lobsters (Panulirus argus) in areas with artificial shelters (Casitas). Journal of Shellfish Research 22:533-540. 2003 South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Green, E. and R. Donnelly. 2003. Recreational scuba diving in Caribbean marine protected areas: Do the users pay? Ambio 32:140-144. 2003 South & Central America; Florida; Cuba; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Harriott, V. J. 2003. Can corals be harvested sustainably? Ambio 32:130-133. 2003 Europe Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Kolm, N. and A. Berglund. 2003. Wild populations of a reef fish suffer from the \nondestructive\" aquarium trade fishery". Conservation Biology 17:910-914. 2003 Japan; Indonesia; Europe Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins
Westera, M., P. Lavery, and G. Hyndes. 2003. Differences in recreationally targeted fishes between protected and fished areas of a coral reef marine park. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 294:145-168. 2003 Australia; Indian Ocean; India Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Bongiorni, L., S. Shafir, and B. Rinkevich. 2003. Effects of particulate matter released by a fish farm (Eilat, Red Sea) on survival and growth of Stylophora pistillata coral nubbins. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46:1120-1124. 2003 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Nutrients; Stony Coral
Grandcourt, E. M. and H. S. J. Cesar. 2003. The bio-economic impact of mass coral mortality on the coastal reef fisheries of the Seychelles. Fisheries Research 60:539-550. 2003 Seychelles Index or Indicator Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Russ, G. R., A. C. Alcala, and A. P. Maypa. 2003. Spillover from marine reserves: The case of Naso vlamingii at Apo Island, the Philippines. Marine Ecology Progress Series 264:15-20. 2003 Philippines Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Small Herbivorous Fish
Merkx, M. A. W., J. C. Maltha, and P. J. W. Stoelinga. 2003. Assessment of the value of anorganic bone additives in sinus floor augmentation: A review of clinical reports. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 32:6-Jan. 2003 South Africa Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Woodman, G. H., S. C. Wilson, V. Y. F. Li, and R. Renneberg. 2003. Acoustic characteristics of fish bombing: Potential to develop an automated blast detector. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46:99-106. 2003 Southeast Asia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Hata, H. and M. Kato. 2003. Demise of monocultural algal farms by exclusion of territorial damselfish. Marine Ecology Progress Series 263:159-167. 2003 Japan Agriculture; Algae; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Allen, J. P., M. Nelson, and A. Alling. 2003. The legacy of biosphere 2 for the study of biospherics and closed ecological systems. Advances in Space Research 31:1629-1639. 2003 Global; Columbia Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Model Agriculture; Artificial Habitat; CO2; Nutrients; Pathogens; Toxics; Wastewater Discharge
Aghdaie, N. and Y. Tamir. 2003. Fast transparent failover for reliable web service. Pages 757-762 in Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems. 2003 Forestry
Dubois, S., L. Barille, and C. Retiere. 2003. Efficiency of particle retention and clearance rate in the polychaete Sabellaria alveolata L. Comptes Rendus - Biologies 326:413-421. 2003 France Algae; Aquaculture; Marine Worms
Kim, Y. H., S. R. Kim, S. J. Jung, Y. J. Lee, and H. Song. 2003. Porous Hydroxyapatite Containing Silicon derived from Natural Coral. Pages 45-52 in Ceramic Transactions. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Barger, N. 2003. Yukon artificial reef monitoring project data collection using volunteer research divers. Pages 815-817 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2003 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Social Organizations
[No author name available]. 2003. Bioceramics: Materials and Applications IV, Proceedings. in Ceramic Transactions. 2003 Biotechnology Research & Development; Manufacturing & Trade; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Worm, B., H. K. Lotze, and R. A. Myers. 2003. Predator diversity hotspots in the blue ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100:9884-9888. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Pacific Ocean Model Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Plankton; Sea Turtles
Tarasenko, O., J. Ohashi, Y. Ataka, T. Inaoka, R. Ohtsuka, and K. Tokunaga. 2003. HLA-DRB1 polymorphism of Balopa islanders in Papua New Guinea. Anthropological Science 111:157-164. 2003 Micronesia; Papua New Guinea Finfish Harvest; Housing
Fallon, S. J., T. P. Guilderson, and K. Caldeira. 2003. Carbon isotope constraints on vertical mixing and air-sea CO2 exchange. Geophysical Research Letters 30. 2003 Vanuatu Model CO2; Sponges
Ginsburg, R. N. and J. C. Lang. 2003. Status of coral reefs in the western Atlantic: Results of initial surveys, Atlantic and Gulf Rapid Reef Assessment (AGRRA) program. Atoll Research Bulletin 496:vii-xiii. 2003 Global; South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Caribbean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Stony Coral
Mahler, S. M., D. Y. Chin, and D. D. Van Dyk. 2003. The application of emerging technologies in genomics and proteomics to drug development. Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research 33:11-Jul. 2003 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Campbell, R. A., J. G. Pepperell, and T. L. O. Davis. 2003. Use of charter boat data to infer the annual availability of black marlin, Makaira indica, to the recreational fishery off Cairns, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 54:447-457. 2003 Australia Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Barnes, D. J., R. B. Taylor, and J. M. Lough. 2003. Measurement of luminescence in coral skeletons. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 295:91-106. 2003 Agriculture; Civil Engineering & Construction; Discharges; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Edmundson, J. A., T. M. Willette, J. M. Edmundson, D. C. Schmidt, S. R. Carlson, B. G. Bue, and K. E. Tarbox. 2003. Sockeye Salmon Overescapement (Kenai River Component). Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Restoration Project Final Report. 2003 Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Non-point Source Runoff; Petroleum Spills; Plankton; Primary Production; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Ihenyen, A. E. 2003. Recent sedimentology and ocean dynamics of the Western Nigerian continental shelf and coastline. Journal of African Earth Sciences 36:233-244. 2003 Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Bongiorni, L., S. Shafir, D. Angel, and B. Rinkevich. 2003. Survival, growth and gonad development of two hermatypic corals subjected to in situ fish-farm nutrient enrichment. Marine Ecology Progress Series 253:137-144. 2003 Aquaculture; Nutrients; Stony Coral
McBride, R. S., J. R. Styer, and R. Hudson. 2003. Spawning cycles and habitats for ballyhoo (Hemiramphus brasiliensis) and balao (H. balao) in south Florida. Fishery Bulletin 101:583-589. 2003 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Commercial Fishing Boats; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Special Use Permitting
Eggleston, D. B., E. G. Johnson, G. T. Kellison, and D. A. Nadeau. 2003. Intense removal and non-saturating functional responses by recreational divers on spiny lobster Panulirus argus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 257:197-207. 2003 South & Central America; Florida; Cuba; Caribbean Index or Indicator Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Clarke, P. J., T. Komatsu, J. D. Bell, F. Lasi, C. P. Oengpepa, and J. Leqata. 2003. Combined culture of Trochus niloticus and giant clams (Tridacnidae): Benefits for restocking and farming. Aquaculture 215:123-144. 2003 Solomon Islands Algae; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment
DiMasi, J. A., R. W. Hansen, and H. G Grabowski. 2003. The price of innovation: new estimates of drug development costs. Journal of Health Economics 22:151-185. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Vehanen, T., A. Huusko, T. Yrjana, M. Lahti, and A. Maki-Petays. 2003. Habitat preference by grayling (Thymallus thymallus) in an artificially modified, hydropeaking riverbed: A contribution to understand the effectiveness of habitat enhancement measures. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 19:15-20. 2003 Cuba; Europe Model; GIS & Maps Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Coutures, E. and C. Chauvet. 2003. Study of an original lobster fishery in New Caledonia (Crustacea: Palinuridae and Scyllaridae). Atoll Research Bulletin 7-Jan. 2003 New Caledonia Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Sala, E., O. Aburto-Oropeza, G. Paredes, and G. Thompson. 2003. Spawning aggregations and reproductive behavior of reef fishes in the Gulf of California. Bulletin of Marine Science 72:103-121. 2003 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean; Mexico Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Gatt, M. H., T. L. McParland, L. C. Halyk, and M. M. Ferguson. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA variation and mixed-stock analysis of recreational and commercial walleye fisheries in eastern Lake Erie. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 23:431-440. 2003 Model Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Calado, R., J. Lin, A. L. Rhyne, R. Araujo, and L. Narciso. 2003. Marine ornamental decapods - Popular, pricey, and poorly studied. Journal of Crustacean Biology 23:963-973. 2003 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Seastars
Chockley, B. R. and C. M. St. Mary. 2003. Effects of body size on growth, survivorship, and reproduction in the banded coral shrimp, Stenopus hispidus. Journal of Crustacean Biology 23:836-848. 2003 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
De Haro, L., P. Pommier, and M. Valli. 2003. Emergence of Imported Ciguatera in Europe: Report of 18 Cases at the Poison Control Centre of Marseille. Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology 41:927-930. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Cuba; Egypt; Pacific Ocean; Europe; France Fish; Pathogens; Tourism & Recreation
Dzikowski, R., I. Paperna, and A. Diamant. 2003. Multi-annual changes in the parasite communities of rabbitfish Siganus rivulatus (Siganidae) in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Helgoland Marine Research 57:228-235. 2003 Index or Indicator Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish; Marine Worms
Takayanagi, S., Y. Sakai, H. Hashimoto, and K. Gushima. 2003. Sleeping mound construction using coral fragments by the rockmover wrasse. Journal of Fish Biology 63:1352-1356. 2003 Japan Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Planktivorous Fish
Bradbury, A. P., M. P. Crossman, N. W. H. Allsop, S. Segura-Dominguez, and J. D. Simm. 2003. Economical rock groynes - Reducing lifecycle costs. Pages 975-987 in Coastal Structures 2003 - Proceedings of the Conference. 2003 Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Engineering; Water Depth & Sea Level
Giovannozzi, M. A., D. K. Stauble, and R. A. Wise. 2003. Innovative shore protection structures at cape may point, New Jersey. Pages 1061-1073 in Coastal Structures 2003 - Proceedings of the Conference. 2003 Field Study & Monitoring Military; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
[No author name available]. 2003. Projects: Broward-Bahamas pipeline gets preliminary FERC nod. Pipeline and Gas Journal 230. 2003 Florida; Bahamas Fish; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pipelines
Bosence, D. and J. Wilson. 2003. Maerl growth, carbonate production rates and accumulation rates in the northeast Atlantic. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 13. 2003 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Spain; France; Norway Agriculture; Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Coralline Algae; Sediment; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Choat, J. H., D. R. Robertson, J. L. Ackerman, and J. M. Posada. 2003. An age-based demographic analysis of the Caribbean stoplight parrotfish Sparisoma viride. Marine Ecology Progress Series 246:265-277. 2003 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish
Ho, K. T., A. Kuhn, R. M. Burgess, M. Pelletier, D. G. McGovern, J. Charles, and L. Patton. 2003. Use of marine toxicity identification and evaluation methods in determining causes of toxicity to fish in a marine aquarium facility. North American Journal of Aquaculture 65:14-20. 2003 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Kelly, S. and A. B. MacDiarmid. 2003. Movement patterns of mature spiny lobsters, Jasus edwardsii, from a marine reserve. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 37:149-158. 2003 Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Nunn, P. D. 2003. Revising ideas about environmental determinism: Human-environment relations in the Pacific Islands. Asia Pacific Viewpoint 44:63-72. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii Climate; Housing; Storms & Hurricanes; Wetlands
Gribble, N.A. 2003. GBR-prawn: modelling ecosystem impacts of changes in fisheries management of the commercial prawn (shrimp) trawl fishery in the far northern Great Barrier Reef. Fisheries Research 65:493-506. 2003 Australia Model Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Birds; Piscivorous Fish; Sea Turtles; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Baldwin, C. C. and D. G. Smith. 2003. Larval gobiidae (Teleostei: Perciformes) of Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, central America. Bulletin of Marine Science 72:639-674. 2003 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Fishing Sector; Plankton
Van Herwerden, L., J. Benzie, and C. Davies. 2003. Microsatellite variation and population genetic structure of the red throat emperor on the Great Barrier Reef. Journal of Fish Biology 62:987-999. 2003 Australia Fishing Sector
Tissot, B. N. and L. E. Hallacher. 2003. Effects of Aquarium Collectors on Coral Reef Fishes in Kona, Hawaii. Conservation Biology 17:1759-1768. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Tourism & Recreation; Travel Services & Tour Operators
Carr, R. S., M. Nipper, and G. S. Plumlee. 2003. Survey of marine contamination from mining-related activities on Marinduque Island, Philippines: Porewater toxicity and chemistry. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A 6:369-379. 2003 Philippines Mining; Sea Urchins; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Ekebom, J. and A. Erkkila. 2003. Using aerial photography for identification of marine and coastal habitats under the EU's Habitats Directive. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 13:287-304. 2003 Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Beaches & Nature Parks
Wilson, G., A. R. G. Price, T. Huntington, and S. C. Wilson. 2003. Environmental status of Yemen's Gulf of Aden coast determined from rapid field assessment and satellite imagery. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A 6:119-129. 2003 Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Nutrients; Sea Temperatures; Seagrasses
Epstein, N., R. P. M. Bak, and B. Rinkevich. 2003. Applying forest restoration principles to coral reef rehabilitation. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 13:387-395. 2003 Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Miller, M. W., D. B. McClellan, and C. Begin. 2003. Observations on fisheries activities at Navassa Island. Marine Fisheries Review 65:43-49. 2003 South & Central America; Haiti; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sea Turtles; Snails & Conch
Serafy, J. E., C. H. Faunce, and J. J. Lorenz. 2003. Mangrove shoreline fishes of Biscayne Bay, Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science 72:161-180. 2003 Florida Model Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish; Salinity; Water Depth & Sea Level
Bellwood, D. R., A. S. Hoey, and J. H. Choat. 2003. Limited functional redundancy in high diversity systems: Resilience and ecosystem function on coral reefs. Ecology Letters 6:281-285. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish
Fox, H. E., J. S. Pet, R. Dahuri, and R. L. Caldwell. 2003. Recovery in rubble fields: Long-term impacts of blast fishing. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46:1024-1031. 2003 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Olivotto, I., M. Cardinali, L. Barbaresi, F. Maradonna, and O. Carnevali. 2003. Coral reef fish breeding: The secrets of each species. Aquaculture 224:69-78. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Daby, D. 2003. Some quantitative aspects of seagrass ecology in a coastal lagoon of Mauritius. Marine Biology 142:193-203. 2003 Mauritius GIS & Maps Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Molluscs; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment
Warren-Rhodes, K., Y. Sadovy, and H. Cesar. 2003. Marine ecosystem appropriation in the Indo-Pacific: a case study of the live reef fish food trade. Ambio 32:481-488. 2003 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Phillips, B. F., R. Melville-Smith, and Y. W. Cheng. 2003. Estimating the effects of removing Panulirus cygnus pueruli on the fishery stock. Fisheries Research 65:89-101. 2003 Australia Model Aquaculture; Complex Habitat & Resources; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
[No author name available]. 2003. Coral Princess: First of the new Princess pair from Atlantique. Pages 13-15 Naval Architect. 2003 Cruise Ships; Sewage Treatment; Waste Management Policies
Bandara, N. J. G. J. 2003. Water and wastewater related issues in Sri Lanka. Water Science and Technology 47:305-312. 2003 Sri Lanka Agriculture; Irrigation; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Petroleum Spills; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges
Webster, M. S. 2003. Temporal density dependence and population regulation in a marine fish. Ecology 84:623-628. 2003 Bahamas Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Special Use Permitting
Liu, G., W. Skirving, and A. E. Strong. 2003. Potential for expansion of coral reefs into higher latitudes due to climate change. in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2003 Global Climate
Singh, H. S. 2003. Marine protected areas in India. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 32:226-233. 2003 India GIS & Maps Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Wetlands
McGrath, T. A. and G. W. Smith. 2003. Comparisons of the 1995 and 1998 coral bleaching events on the patch reefs of San Salvador Island, Bahamas. Revista de Biologia Tropical 51:67-75. 2003 Bahamas Field Study & Monitoring Hydrocoral; Sea Temperatures; Social Organizations; Stony Coral
Dzeroski, S. and D. Drumm. 2003. Using regression trees to identify the habitat preference of the sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota) on Rarotonga, Cook Islands. Ecological Modelling 170:219-226. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii; Tonga; Cook Islands Echinoderms; Fishing Sector
Loya, Y. and E. Kramarsky-Winter. 2003. In situ eutrophication caused by fish farms in the nothern Gulf of Eilat (Aqaba) is benificial for its coral reefs: A critique. Marine Ecology Progress Series 261:299-303. 2003 Aquaculture; Nutrients
Bracher, P., G. Van den Berg, and W. Von der Linden. 2003. Developments of mechanized technologies for low seam height mining in platinum. Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 103:35-41. 2003 Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining
Hernandez Jr., F. J., R. F. Shaw, J. S. Cope, J. G. Ditty, T. Farooqi, and M. C. Benfield. 2003. The across-shelf larval, postlarval, and juvenile fish assemblages collected at offshore oil and gas platforms west of the Mississippi River delta. Pages 39-72 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2003 Index or Indicator Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Nieland, D. L. and C. A. Wilson. 2003. Red snapper recruitment to and disappearance from oil and gas platforms in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Pages 73-81 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2003 South & Central America; Mexico Finfish Harvest; Oil & Gas Rigs; Piscivorous Fish; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Patterson, W. F. and J. H. Cowan. 2003. Site fidelity and dispersion of red snapper associated with artificial reefs in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Pages 181-193 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2003 South & Central America; Mexico Model Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Ramanujam, N. and R. Sudarsan. 2003. A study of coastal transformation at Tuticorin as a result of emerged and submerged natural breakwaters of Van Island, Gulf of Mannar. Environmental Geology 43:521-525. 2003 India Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
Wong, P. P. 2003. Where have all the beaches gone? Coastal erosion in the tropics. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 24:111-132. 2003 Southeast Asia Mangroves; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Williams, A. J., C. R. Davies, B. D. Mapstone, and G. R. Russ. 2003. Scales of spatial variation in demography of a large coral-reef fish-an exception to the typical model? Fishery Bulletin 101:673-683. 2003 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Storms & Hurricanes
Conruyt, N. and D. Grosser. 2003. Knowledge engineering in environmental sciences with IKBS. Pages 267-278 in AI Communications. 2003 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Collaboration & Partnering; Internet & Telecommunications
Cole, J. 2003. Global change: Dishing the dirt on coral reefs. Nature 421:705-706. 2003 Global; Australia Agriculture; Sediment
Halpern, B. S. and R. R. Warner. 2003. Matching marine reserve design to reserve objectives. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 270:1871-1876. 2003 Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management
Kramer, P. A. 2003. Synthesis of coral reef health indicators for the western Atlantic: Results of the AGRRA program (1997-2000). Atoll Research Bulletin Jan-57. 2003 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bahamas; Caribbean Index or Indicator Coastal Development; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Pathogens; Piscivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Kramer, P. A., K. W. Marks, and T. L. Turnbull. 2003. Assessment of Andros Island reef system, Bahamas (part 2: Fishes). Atoll Research Bulletin 100-123. 2003 Bahamas Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Chen, B., G. X. Pei, K. Wang, D. Jin, K. H. Wei, and G. H. Ren. 2003. The method of accelerating osteanagenesis and revascularization of tissue engineered bone in big animal in vivo. Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae 25:26-31. 2003 Model; Index or Indicator Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Carreon-Palau, L., S. A. Guzman-del Proco, J. Belmar-Perez, J. Carrillo-Laguna, and R. Herrera-Fragoso. 2003. Microhabitat and associated biota of abalone juveniles, Haliotis fulgens and H. corrugata, in Bahia Tortugas, Baja California Sur, Mexico [Microhabitat y biota asociada de juveniles de abulon Haliotis fulgens y H. corrugata en Bahia Tortugas, Baja Cal. Ciencias Marinas 29:325-341. 2003 South & Central America; Mexico Algae; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Sponges
Hsieh, Y.-L., Y.-S. Lin, and I.-M. Tso. 2003. Ground spider diversity in the Kenting uplifted coral reef forest, Taiwan: A comparison between habitats receiving various disturbances. Biodiversity and Conservation 12:2173-2194. 2003 Taiwan Index or Indicator Tourism & Recreation
Graham, N. A. J., R. D. Evans, and G. R. Russ. 2003. The effects of marine reserve protection on the trophic relationships of reef fishes on the Great Barrier Reef. Environmental Conservation 30:200-208. 2003 Australia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Gilger, B. C., S. Pizzirani, L. C. Johnston, and N. R. Urdiales. 2003. Use of a hydroxyapatite orbital implant in a cosmetic corneoscleral prosthesis after enucleation in a horse. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 222:343-345+316. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Pomponi, S. A., A. E. Wright, and J. K. Reed. 2003. Exploration in the South Atlantic bight: Discovery of new resources with pharmaceutical potential. Pages 1283-1284 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2003 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sediment; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Diamond, A. 2003. Identification and assessment of scleractinians at Tarou Point, Dominica, West Indies. Coastal Management 31:409-421. 2003 Field Study & Monitoring Cultural Policies; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Haley, M. and A. Clayton. 2003. The role of NGOs in environmental policy failures in a developing country: The mismanagement of Jamaica's coral reefs. Environmental Values 12:29-54. 2003 Jamaica Corporate Responses; Finfish Harvest; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives
Bhat, M. G. 2003. Application of non-market valuation to the Florida Keys marine reserve management. Journal of Environmental Management 67:315-325. 2003 Florida Model Fish; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Monetary Valuation; Non-Monetary Valuation; Recreational Opportunities; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Willis, T. J. and M. J. Anderson. 2003. Structure of cryptic reef fish assemblages: Relationships with habitat characteristics and predator density. Marine Ecology Progress Series 257:209-221. 2003 Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Franklin, E. C., J. S. Ault, S. G. Smith, J. Luo, G. A. Meester, G. A. Diaz, M. Chiappone, D. W. Swanson, S. L. Miller, and J. A. Bohnsack. 2003. Benthic habitat mapping in the Tortugas Region, Florida. Marine Geodesy 26:19-34. 2003 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment
Hamann, M. T. 2003. Enhancing marine natural product structural diversity and bioactivity through semisynthesis and biocatalysis. Current Pharmaceutical Design 9:879-889. 2003 Review Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Baine, M. and J. Side. 2003. The role of fishermen and other stakeholders in the North Sea rigs-to-reefs debate. Pages 14-Jan in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2003 Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Oil & Gas Rigs
Lev, E. 2003. Traditional healing with animals (zootherapy): Medieval to present-day Levantine practice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 85:107-118. 2003 Oman Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Snails & Conch
Sonnenschein, L. and M. Lopata. 2003. Public understanding: Applying models to solving real problems. Page 2277 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2003 Model Agriculture; Aquaculture
Borghesio, L. and P. K. Ndang'ang'a. 2003. Habitat selection and the conservation status of Fischer's turaco Tauraco fischen on Unguja, Tanzania. ORYX 37:444-453. 2003 Tanzania Agriculture; Landscape Conservation & Restoration
Moberg, F. and P. Ronnback. 2003. Ecosystem services of the tropical seascape: Interactions, substitutions and restoration. Ocean and Coastal Management 46:27-46. 2003 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Despinoy, M., A. Minghelli-Roman, A. Begue, M. Petit, J. Coudray, and A. Barcelo. 2003. Airborne CASI imagery for bathymetric study in Reunion Island (Indian Ocean). Pages 2368-2370 in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). 2003 Indian Ocean; Reunion; India Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; Remote Sensing Agriculture; Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Light
Gitschlag, G. R., M. J. Schirripa, and J. E. Powers. 2003. Impacts of red snapper mortality associated with the explosive removal of oil and gas structures on stock assessments of red snapper in the Gulf of Mexico. Pages 83-94 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2003 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Stapanian, M. A. and T. A. Waite. 2003. Species density of waterbirds in offshore habitats in western Lake Erie. Journal of Field Ornithology 74:381-393. 2003 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Birds; Water Depth & Sea Level
Henry, L.-A., E. L. R. Kenchington, and A. Silvaggio. 2003. Effects of mechanical experimental disturbance on aspects of colony responses, reproduction, and regeneration in the cold-water octocoral Gersemia rubiformis. Canadian Journal of Zoology 81:1691-1701. 2003 Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Biernacka, J., J. Wosko, W. Dabrowski, and A. Nestorowicz. 2003. Use of drotrecorgin alfa - recombinant activated human protein C in treatment of septic shock in the course of therapy for nephrolithiasis. Medical Science Monitor 9. 2003 Discharges; Housing
Innes, J. K., R. Vago, and B. Ben-Nissan. 2003. Hydrothermal conversion and sol-gel coating of Red Sea coral. Key Engineering Materials 43-46. 2003 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Biotechnology Research & Development; Hydrocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ferraris, J. and P. Cayre. 2003. The reef fisheries of the South Pacific: Intuitive management versus an ecosystem management [Les pecheries recifales dans le Pacifique sud: D'une gestion intuitive vers une gestion ecosystemique raisonnee]. Oceanis 29:397-414. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Products; Scientific Research; Tourism & Recreation
United Nations Environment Program - Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities (UNEP/GPA). 2003. Diagnosis of the erosion processes in the Caribbean sandy beaches. Environmental Agency, Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, Government of Cuba, Cuba. 2003 Global; South & Central America; Cuba; Belize; Caribbean; Mexico Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Stanley, D. R. and C. A. Wilson. 2003. Seasonal and spatial variation in the biomass and size frequency distribution of fish associated with oil and gas platforms in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Pages 123-153 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2003 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bermuda; Mexico Apex Fish Predators; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Rigs; Piscivorous Fish; Water Depth & Sea Level
Wilkinson, C., A. Green, J. Almany, and S. Dionne. 2003. Monitoring coral reef marine protected areas. Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network and Reef and Rainforest Research Centre, Townsville, Australia. 2003 Field Study & Monitoring Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Halim, A. and D. Heru. 2003. Successful Extreme Underbalance Perforation in Exploration Well Donggi Gas Field, Sulawesi. Pages 414-419 in SPE - Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Forestry
Hill, N. A., C. Blount, A. G. B. Poore, D. Worthington, and P. D. Steinberg. 2003. Grazing effects of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii in two contrasting rocky reef habitats: Effects of urchin density and its implications for the fishery. Marine and Freshwater Research 54:691-700. 2003 Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins
Zeller, D., S. L. Stoute, and G. R. Russ. 2003. Movements of reef fishes across marine reserve boundaries: Effects of manipulating a density gradient. Marine Ecology Progress Series 254:269-280. 2003 Australia Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Nott, J. F. 2003. The urban geology of Cairns, Queensland, Australia. Quaternary International 103:75-82. 2003 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Karpouzli, E. and T. Malthus. 2003. Hyperspectral discrimination of coral reef benthic communities. Pages 2377-2379 in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). 2003 Remote Sensing
Van Trump, J. 2003. Protecting the 'rainforests of the sea': Creating the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands coral reef ecosystem reserve by executive order. Penn State Environmental Law Review 11:273-293. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients
Reddy, P. N., M. Lakshmana, and U. V. Udupa. 2003. Effect of Praval bhasma (Coral calx), a natural source of rich calcium on bone mineralization in rats. Pharmacological Research 48:593-599. 2003 India Index or Indicator Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Pepponi, L. C. 2003. A voyage through the ocean depths [Un viaggio attraverso le profondità oceaniche]. Industria Italiana del Cemento 73:148-159. 2003 Apex Fish Predators; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) the Tour Opperators' Iniative (TOI) and The Center for Environmental Leadership in Business (CELB). 2003. A Practical Guide to Good Practice: Managing Environmental Impacts In The Marine Recreation Sector. 2003 Cuba Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Regulations; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Recreational Fishing; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Travel Services & Tour Operators
Walsh, W. R., P. J. Chapman-Sheath, S. Cain, J. Debes, W. J. M. Bruce, M. J. Svehla, and R. M. Gillies. 2003. A resorbable porous ceramic composite bone graft substitute in a rabbit metaphyseal defect model. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 21:655-661. 2003 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Acosta, C. A. and D. N. Robertson. 2003. Comparative spatial ecology of fished spiny lobsters Panulirus argus and an unfished congener P. guttatus in an isolated marine reserve at Glover's Reef atoll, Belize. Coral Reefs 22:9-Jan. 2003 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Seagrasses
Monzon, J. E. 2003. Coral and its role in Latin America over the last decade. Pages 3454-3456 in Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings. 2003 South & Central America; Caribbean Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Holdsworth, J., P. Saul, and G. Browne. 2003. Factors affecting striped marlin catch rate in the New Zealand recreational fishery. Marine and Freshwater Research 54:473-481. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Johns, G. M., V. R. Leeworthy, F. W. Bell, and M. A. Bonn. 2003. Socioeconomic study of reefs in southeast Florida. Hazen and Sawyer. 2003 Florida Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation
Walmsley, S. F. and A. T. White. 2003. Influence of social, management and enforcement factors on the long-term ecological effects of marine sanctuaries. Environmental Conservation 30:388-407. 2003 Cuba; Philippines Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral; Substrate
Beetham, R. D., L. Richards, R. L. Brathwaite, C. Mazengarb, and W. D. Smith. 2003. Assessment of Subsidence Mechanisms and Risk from the Waihi Underground Mine Workings, New Zealand. Pages 201-211 in Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Publication Series. 2003 Cuba Model Housing
Legros, E. J. 2003. Exploration-Production. The day when peak production will come... [Exploration-Production. Le jour où le pic viendra...]. Pages 57-59 in Petrole et Gaz Informations. 2003 Global; Middle East; Saudi Arabia; Iran; Oman; Europe Schools & Colleges
Chiappone, M., H. Dienes, D. W. Swanson, and S. L. Miller. 2003. Density and Gorgonian host-occupation patterns by Flamingo Tongue snails (Cyphoma gibbosum) in the Florida keys. Caribbean Journal of Science 39:116-127. 2003 Florida Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Octocoral; Snails & Conch
Wielgus, J., N.E. Chadwick-Furman, N. Zeitouni, and M. Shechter. 2003. Effects of Coral Reef Attribute Damage on Recreational Welfare. Marine Resource Economics 18:225-237. 2003 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Jones, R. J. and A. J. Heyward. 2003. The effects of Produced Formation Water (PFW) on coral and isolated symbiotic dinoflagellates of coral. Marine and Freshwater Research 54:153-162. 2003 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Primary Production; Toxics
Brule, T., X. Renan, T. Coles-Marrufo, Y. Hauyon, A. N. Tuz-Sulub, and C. Deniel. 2003. Reproduction in the protogynous black grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci (Poey)) from the southern Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin 101:463-475. 2003 South & Central America; Mexico Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish
Raberg, S., M. Nystrom, M. Eros, P. Plantman. 2003. Impact of the Herbicides 2, 4-D and diuron on the metabolism of the coral Porites Cylindrica. Marine Environmental Research 56:503-514. 2003 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Primary Production; Stony Coral
Lawler, J. J., D. White, and L. L. Master. 2003. Integrating representations and vulnerability: two approaches for prioitizing areas for conservation. Ecological Applications 13:1762-1772. 2003 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture
Kirke, B. 2003. Enhancing fish stocks with wave-powered artificial upwelling. Ocean and Coastal Management 46:901-915. 2003 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Plankton; Shoreline Protection
de Macedo, N. L., L. G. de Macedo, F. S. Matuda, S. M. Ouchi, A. S. Monteiro, and Y. R. Carvalho. 2003. Guided bone regeneration with subperiosteal implants of PTFE and hydroxyapatite physical barriers in rats. Brazilian dental journal 14:119-124. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Linton, D. M. and G. F. Warner. 2003. Biological indicators in the Caribbean coastal zone and their role in integrated coastal management. Ocean and Coastal Management 46:261-276. 2003 Global; South & Central America; Caribbean Review; Index or Indicator Climate; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Mitigation; Nutrients; Seagrasses
Brooke, S. and C. M. Young. 2003. Reproductive ecology of a deep-water scleractinian coral, Oculina varicosa, from the southeast Florida shelf. Continental Shelf Research 23:847-858. 2003 Florida Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Stony Coral
[No author name available]. 2003. Coral princess debuts unique propulsion system. Diesel and Gas Turbine Worldwide 35:32-34. 2003 Cruise Ships
Rayment, G. E. 2003. Water quality in sugar catchments of Queensland. Water Science and Technology 48:35-47. 2003 Australia Review; Index or Indicator Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Irrigation; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Anderson, O. F. and M. R. Clark. 2003. Analysis of bycatch in the fishery for orange roughy, Hoplostethus atlanticus, on the South Tasman Rise. Marine and Freshwater Research 54:643-652. 2003 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Halpern, B. S. 2003. The impact of marine reserves: do reserves work and does reverse size matter? Ecological Applications 13:S117-S137. 2003 Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Planktivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Griggs, E. M., L. R. Kump, and J. K. Bohlke. 2003. The fate of wastewater-derived nitrate in the subsurface of the Florida Keys: Key Colony Beach, Florida. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 58:517-539. 2003 Florida Field Study & Monitoring Discharges; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge
Moreira-Gonzalez, A., I. T. Jackson, T. Miyawaki, V. DiNick, and R. Yavuzer. 2003. Augmentation of the craniomaxillofacial region using porous hydroxyapatite granules. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 111:1808-1817. 2003 Review Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Carr, L. and R. Mendelsohn. 2003. Valuing coral reefs: A travel cost analysis of the Great Barrier Reef. Ambio 32:353-357. 2003 Australia Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Van Zyl, R. F., S. Mayfield, and G. M. Branch. 2003. Aquarium experiments comparing the feeding behaviour of rock lobster Jasus lalandii on abalone and sea urchins at two sites on the west coast of South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 25:377-382. 2003 South Africa Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins
Yazaki, M. 2003. Plural cognition of fishing grounds by coastal fishermen in the Shimauchi (Shimanaka) seas off the southeast coast of Izu Peninsula. Geographical Review of Japan, Series A 76:101-115. 2003 Finfish Harvest; Housing
Louchard, E. M., R. P. Reid, F. C. Stephens, C. O. Davis, R. A. Leathers, and T. V. Downes. 2003. Optical remote sensing of benthic habitats and bathymetry in coastal environments at Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas: A comparative spectral classification approach. Limnology and Oceanography 48:511-521. 2003 Bahamas Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Light; Seagrasses; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Roberts, J. M., D. Long, J. B. Wilson, P. B. Mortensen, and J. D. Gage. 2003. The cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa (Scleractinia) and enigmatic seabed mounds along the north-east Atlantic margin: Are they related? Marine Pollution Bulletin 46:20-Jul. 2003 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Finfish Harvest; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Water Depth & Sea Level
Zhao, L., T. Mao, F. Chen, K. Tao, L. Ma, S. Chen, and Z. Gao. 2003. Comparative study of three kinds of scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 7:548-549. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Siar, S. V. 2003. Knowledge, gender, and resources in small-scale fishing: The case of Honda Bay, Palawan, Philippines. Environmental Management 31:569-580. 2003 Philippines GIS & Maps Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Housing; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
McLaughlin, R. J. 2003. Foreign access to shared marine genetic materials: Management options for a quasi-fugacious resource. Ocean Development and International Law 34:297-348. 2003 Global Model Biochemical & Genetic Resources
Delloye, C., N. Cnockaert, and O. Cornu. 2003. Bone substitutes in 2003: An overview. Acta Orthopaedica Belgica 69:8-Jan. 2003 Europe Review; Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Rhodes, K. L., R. I. Lewis, R. W. Chapman, and Y. Sadovy. 2003. Genetic structure of camouflage grouper, Epinephelus polyphekadion (Pisces: Serranidae), in the western central Pacific. Marine Biology 142:771-776. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean; Palau; Micronesia; New Caledonia; Marshall Islands Commercial Fisheries; Piscivorous Fish
The Coral Reef Sub-theme Team, editor. 2003. IGOS Coral Reef Sub-theme Report. Integrated Global Observing Strategy. 2003 Global Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Cultural Protections; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Jedrusik, M. 2003. Natural potential for tourism and forms of its use in tropical and subtropical islands [Przyrodniczy potencjał turystyczny oraz formy jego wykorzystania na wyspach tropikalnych i subtropikalnych]. Prace i Studia Geograficzne 32:141-158. 2003 South & Central America; Indian Ocean; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; India; Malaysia; Micronesia; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Land & Air Transportation; Tourism & Recreation
Shen, C., K. Yu, Y. Sun, W. Yi, Y. Yang, and B. Zhou. 2003. Interannual variations of bomb radiocarbon during 1977 - 1998 recorded in coral from Daya Bay, South China Sea. Science in China, Series D: Earth Sciences 46:1040-1048. 2003 China Light
Castanaro, J. and H. R. Lasker. 2003. Colony growth responses of the Caribbean octocoral, Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae, to harvesting. Invertebrate Biology 122:299-307. 2003 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Aquaculture; Octocoral; Storms & Hurricanes
Beng, K. T., T. E. Teck, M. Chitre, and J. R. Potter. 2003. Estimating the spatial and temporal distribution of snapping shrimp using a portable, broadband 3-dimensional acoustic array. Pages 2706-2713 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2003 Lab Study; GIS & Maps Housing; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Water Depth & Sea Level
Pattengill-Semmens C.V., Semmens B.X. 2003. Conservation and management applications of the reef volunteer fish monitoring program. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 81:43-50. 2003 Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring Collaboration & Partnering; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Social Organizations
Rees, W. E. 2003. Economic development and environmental protection: An ecological economics perspective. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 86:29-45. 2003 Global Model Cultural Protections; Fishing Sector; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Mining Policies; Non-Monetary Valuation
[No author name available]. 2003. Oceans 2003 MTS/IEEE Proceedings. in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2003 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Wastewater Discharge; Whales & Dolphins
Raberg, S., Nystrom, M., Eros, M., Plantman, P. 2003. Impact of the herbicides 2,4-D and diuron on the metabolism of the coral Porites cylindrica. Marine Environmental Research 56:503-514. 2003 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Stony Coral
Pulfrich, A., C. A. Parkins, and G. M. Branch. 2003. The effects of shore-based diamond-diving on intertidal and subtidal biological communities and rock lobsters in southern Namibia. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 13:233-255. 2003 South Africa Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Watanabe, K., M. Sekine, and K. Iguchi. 2003. Isolation of three marine prostanoids, possible biosynthetic intermediates for Clavulones, from the Okinawan soft coral Clavularia viridis. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 51:909-913. 2003 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Pulfrich, A., C. A. Parkins, G. M. Branch, R. H. Bustamante, and C. R. Velasquez. 2003. The effects of sediment deposits from Namibian diamond mines on intertidal and subtidal reefs and rock lobster populations. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 13:257-278. 2003 South Africa Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Discharges; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mining; Sediment
Zhang, W., W. K. Liu, and C.-T. Che. 2003. Polyhydroxylated steroids and other constituents of the soft coral Nephthea chabroli. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 51:1009-1011. 2003 Japan; China Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Parra, B. and L. J. Ruiz. 2003. Community structure of fishes on the east coast of the island of Cabagua, Venezuela [Estructura de la comunidad de peces en la costa oriental de la isla de Cabagua, Venezuela]. Revista de Biologia Tropical 51:197-203. 2003 Cuba; Venezuela Index or Indicator Beaches & Nature Parks; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish
Austin, G. 2003. Unwanted entanglement: The Philippines' Spratly policy as a case study in conflict enhancement? Security Dialogue 34:41-54. 2003 China; Philippines; Taiwan Hotel & Food Services; Military
Ganesan, S., J. Felo, M. Saldana, V. F. Kalasinsky, M. R. Lewin-Smith, and J. F. Tomashefski Jr. 2003. Embolized crospovidone (poly[N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone]) in the lungs of intravenous drug users. Modern Pathology 16:286-292. 2003 Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Botsford, W. L., F. Micheli, and A. Hastings. 2003. Principles for the design of marine reserves. Ecological Applications 13:S25-S31. 2003 Model Fishing Sector
Richmond, R., R. Kelty, P. Craig, C. Emaurois, A. Green, C. Birkeland, G. Davis, A. Edward, Y. Golbuu, J. Gutierrez, P. Houk, N. Idechong, J. Maragos, G. Paulay, J. Starmer, A. Tafileichig, M. Trianni, and N. V. Velde. 2002. Status of the coral reefs in micronesia and American Samoa: US affiliated and freely associated islands in the Pacific. Pages 217-236 in C.R. Wilkinson, editor. Status of coral reefs of the world: 2002. GCRMN Report. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii; Cuba; Palau; Micronesia; Samoa; Marshall Islands; American Samoa; Guam; Northern Mariana Islands Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Seastars; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Abramovitch-Gottlib, L., D. Katoshevski, and R. Vago. 2002. A computerized tank system for studying the effect of temperature on calcification of reef organisms. Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods 50:245-252. 2002 Global Lab Study Hydrocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Zooxanthellae
Germano, J. D., C. A. Reid, P. G. D. Whiteside, and R. Kennish. 2002. Field verification of computer models predicting plume dispersion in Hong Kong. Pages 859-873 in Dredging, Key Technologies for Global Prosperity. 2002 Global Field Study & Monitoring; Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector; Sediment
Haynes, D. and D. Loong. 2002. Antifoulant (butyltin and copper) concentrations in sediments from the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area, Australia. Environmental Pollution 120:391-396. 2002 Australia Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Docks & Marinas; Large Ships; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Dulvy, N. K., R. E. Mitchell, D. Watson, C. J. Sweeting, and N. V. C. Polunin. 2002. Scale-dependant control of motile epifaunal community structure along a coral reef fishing gradient. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 278:29-Jan. 2002 South & Central America; Fiji; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Substrate
Dulvy, N. K., R. E. Mitchell, D. Watson, C. J. Sweeting, and N. V. C. Polunin. 2002. Erratum: Scale-dependant control of motile epifaunal community structure along a coral reef fishing gradient (Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (2002) 278 (1-29) PII: S0022098102003271). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 280:137-139. 2002 Finfish Harvest
Gullstrom, M., M. De La Torre Castro, S. O. Bandeira, M. Bjork, M. Dahlberg, N. Kautsky, P. Ronnback, and M. C. Ohman. 2002. Seagrass ecosystems in the Western Indian Ocean. Ambio 31:588-596. 2002 Indian Ocean; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique; Comoros; Madagascar; Seychelles; Mauritius; Reunion; India; South Africa; France Review; Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Mangroves; Nutrients; Primary Production; Seagrasses; Sediment
Watson, M., J. L. Munro, and F. R. Gell. 2002. Settlement, movement and early juvenile mortality of the yellowtail snapper Ocyurus chrysurus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 237:247-256. 2002 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; British Virgin Islands; Caribbean Model Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Velasco, D., E. Gil, P. Garcia, and A. Guerrero. 2002. Efficacy of two semiautomatic methods for bacteriuria detection [Eficacia de dos metodos semiautomaticos para la exclusion de bacteriuria]. Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica 20:22-24. 2002 Medical Centers; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Buxton, R. 2002. Third party challenges - An individual's perspective. Journal of Planning and Environment Law 0:47-55. 2002 Hotel & Food Services
McClanahan, T. R. 2002. The effects of time, habitat, and fisheries management on Kenyan coral-reef-associated gastropods. Ecological Applications 12:1484-1495. 2002 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Snails & Conch
Coles, S. L. and L. G. Eldredge. 2002. Nonindigenous species introductions on Coral Reefs: A need for information. Pacific Science 56:191-209. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii Review Algae; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species
Muchammed, M. V. and I. O. Shilov. 2002. Environmental impact of socioeconomic activity on the Egyptian Red sea coastal zone. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta, Seriya Geologiya i Geografiya 2002:92-98. 2002 Egypt Climate; Mangroves; Tourism & Recreation
Alam, N., J. Hong, C.-O. Lee, J. S. Choi, K. S. Im, and J. H. Jung. 2002. Additional cytotoxic diacetylenes from the stony coral Montipora sp. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 50:661-662. 2002 Japan Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Gagan, M. K., L. K. Ayliffe, B. N. Opdyke, D. Hopley, H. Scott-Gagan, and J. Cowley. 2002. Coral oxygen isotope evidence for recent groundwater fluxes to the Australian Great Barrier Reef. Geophysical Research Letters 29:43-1. 2002 Australia Agriculture; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; CO2; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Schwartz, S. E. 2002. Challenges in EPA's coastal and ocean programs. Sea Technology 43:33-37. 2002 South & Central America; Mexico Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Commercial Fisheries; Designate Protected Species; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
Heron, M. L., D. M. Burrage, and A. Prytz. 2002. Terrigenous runoff in the tropics observed with a scanning low frequency radiometer. Pages 2008-2013 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2002 Australia GIS & Maps Agriculture; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands
Vago, R., D. Plotquin, A. Bunin, I. Sinelnikov, D. Atar, and D. Itzhak. 2002. Hard tissue remodeling using biofabricated coralline biomaterials. Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods 50:253-259. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Model Biotechnology Research & Development; Hydrocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Long, R. and A. Grehan. 2002. Marine habitat protection in sea areas under the jurisdiction of a coastal member state of the European Union: The case of deep-water coral conservation in Ireland. International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 17:235-261. 2002 Europe Review Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Oil & Gas Industry
Ryan, J. C. 2002. Dust in the wind. World Watch 15:32-35. 2002 South & Central America; Caribbean Algae; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Cesar, H. 2002. The biodiversity benefits of coral reef ecosystems: values and markets. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Paris. 2002 Global; Indonesia Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Cesar, H., P. van Beukering, S. Pintz, and J. Dierking. 2002. Economic valuation of the coral reefs of Hawaii. Hawaii Coral Reefs Initiative, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, US. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Molluscs; Monetary Valuation; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Gomez, R., M. Kafatos, and A. Lewis. 2002. Suitability of spectral remote sensing for coral reef surveying, monitoring, and mapping. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 4886:363-374. 2002 Java Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Housing
Shears, N. T. and R. C. Babcock. 2002. Marine reserves demonstrate top-down control of community structure on temperate reefs. Oecologia 132:131-142. 2002 Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins
Baine, M. 2002. The North Sea rigs-to-reefs debate. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 United Kingdom Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Yamada, Y. 2002. Studies on discovery and synthesis of bioactive marine organic molecules. Yakugaku Zasshi 122:727-743. 2002 Japan Lab Study Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Charbonnel, E., C. Serre, S. Ruitton, J.-G. Harmelin, and A. Jensen. 2002. Effects of increased habitat complexity on fish assemblages associated with large artificial reef units (French Mediterranean coast). ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 France Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish
Reise, K. 2002. Sediment mediated species interactions in coastal waters. Journal of Sea Research 48:127-141. 2002 Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Irrigation; Microorganisms; Sediment
Chou, W.-R., K. S. Tew, and L.-S. Fang. 2002. Long-term monitoring of the demersal fish community in a steel-slag disposal area in the coastal waters of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Taiwan Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Complex Habitat & Resources; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Substrate
Roberts, J. M. and R. M. Anderson. 2002. A new laboratory method for monitoring deep-water coral polyp behaviour. Hydrobiologia 471:143-148. 2002 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Benedict, C. 2002. The commercialization of a biopolymer extracted from the marine mussel, Mytilus edulis. Pages 69-74 Marine biotechnology in the twenty-first century. National Research Council (NRC), Washington, D.C. 2002 Biotechnology Research & Development
Fielder, D. G. 2002. Sources of walleye recruitment in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 22:1032-1040. 2002 Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sediment
Grabowski, H. G., J. Vernon, and J. A. DiMasi. 2002. Returns on research and development for the 1990s new drug introductions. PharmacoEconomics 20:11-29. 2002 Monetary Valuation; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Smale, M. J. 2002. Occurrence of Carcharias taurus in nursery areas of the Eastern and Western Cape, South Africa. Marine and Freshwater Research 53:551-556. 2002 South Africa Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Clarke, S., A. Leung Wai-Yin, Y. M. Mak, R. Kennish, and N. Haggan. 2002. Consultation with local fishers on the Hong Kong artificial reefs initiative. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Model Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Cripps, S. J. and J. P. Aabel. 2002. Environmental and socio-economic impact assessment of Ekoreef, a multiple platform rigs-to-reefs development. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sediment
Urban, K. 2002. Use of bioactive glass-ceramics in the management of tibial plateau fractures [Použiti bioaktivni sklokeramiky v lečeni zlomenin tibialniho plata]. Acta Chirurgiae Orthopaedicae et Traumatologiae Cechoslovaca 69:295-301. 2002 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2002. Water-Efficient Landscaping: Preventing Pollution & Using Resources Wisely. 4204M, US EPA. 2002 Climate; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Housing; Landscaping & Household Services; Textiles & Apparel
Potts, J. C. and C. S. Manooch III. 2002. Estimated ages of red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) from fishery-dependent and fishery-independent data and a comparison of growth parameters. Fishery Bulletin 100:81-89. 2002 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Ben-Nissan, B., A. Milev, D. Green, M. Conway, R. Vago, and W. Walsh. 2002. Mechanical properties and characterisation of sol-gel coated coralline hydroxyapatite. Key Engineering Materials 379-382. 2002 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ditton, R. B., H. R. Osburn, T. L. Baker, and C. E. Thailing. 2002. Demographics, attitudes, and reef management preferences of sport divers in offshore Texas waters. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Cuba Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
Cowley, P. D., S. L. Brouwer, and R. L. Tilney. 2002. The role of the Tsitsikamma National Park in the management of four shore-angling fish along the south-eastern Cape coast of South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 27-35. 2002 South Africa Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Fabi, G., F. Grati, A. Lucchetti, and L. Trovarelli. 2002. Evolution of the fish assemblage around a gas platform in the northern Adriatic Sea. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Index or Indicator Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs
Crabtree, R. E., P. B. Hood, and D. Snodgrass. 2002. Age, growth, and reproduction of permit (Trachinotus falcatus) in Florida waters. Fishery Bulletin 100:26-34. 2002 Florida Model Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Crosby, M. P., G. Brighouse, and M. Pichon. 2002. Priorities and strategies for addressing natural and anthropogenic threats to coral reefs in Pacific Island Nations. Ocean and Coastal Management 45:121-137. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Fishing Sector; Recreational Opportunities
Day, J. C. 2002. Zoning - Lessons from the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Ocean and Coastal Management 45:139-156. 2002 Australia; United Kingdom Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas
Guzman, H. M. and C. A. Guevara. 2002. Annual reproductive cycle, spatial distribution, abundance, and size structure of Oreaster reticulatus (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Marine Biology 141:1077-1084. 2002 Panama Index or Indicator Aquarium & Pet Trade; Echinoderms; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Seastars; Sediment; Souvenir & Decorative Trade
Hall, K. C. and R. T. Hanlon. 2002. Principal features of the mating system of a large spawning aggregation of the giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama (Mollusca: Cephalopoda). Marine Biology 140:533-545. 2002 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid
Suenaga, Y., K. Masuda, H. Kakegawa, K. Hisamura, A. Suenaga, and K. Kimigawa. 2002. Development of the System for Creating Fishery Ground in and Around the Seto Inland Sea. Pages 420-424 in Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Fishing Sector
Miller, M. W. and C. L. Gerstner. 2002. Reefs of an uninhabited Caribbean island: Fishes, benthic habitat, and opportunities to discern reef fishery impact. Biological Conservation 106:37-44. 2002 South & Central America; Haiti; Jamaica; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Special Use Permitting
Lambert, G. 2002. Nonindigenous Ascidians in tropical waters. Pacific Science 56:291-298. 2002 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Palau; Guam; Caribbean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Ballast Discharge; Coastal Defense; Docks & Marinas; Invasive Species; Military; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Rigs; Plankton; Ports & Harbors; Salinity
Hughes, G. 2002. Environmental indicators. Annals of Tourism Research 29:457-477. 2002 Index or Indicator Tourism & Recreation
Davidson, R. J., E. Villouta, R. G. Cole, and R. G. F. Barrier. 2002. Effects of marine reserve protection on spiny lobster (Jasus edwardsii) abundance and size at Tonga Island Marine Reserve, New Zealand. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 12:213-227. 2002 Tonga Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Grigg, R. W. 2002. Precious corals in Hawaii: Discovery of a new bed and revised management measures for existing beds. Marine Fisheries Review 64:13-20. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii Fishing Sector; Ornamental Jewelry & Art
McClanahan, T., N. Polunin, and T. Done. 2002. Ecological states and the resilience of coral reefs. Conservation Ecology 6. 2002 Global Review Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish
[No author name available]. 2002. World's largest fuel cell installation at Verizon switching center. Fuel Cells Bulletin 2002:4-Mar. 2002 Internet & Telecommunications
Khalaf, M. A. and M. Kochzius. 2002. Changes in trophic community structure of shore fishes at an industrial site in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 239:287-299. 2002 Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Seagrasses; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation
Ovenden, J. R., J. Lloyd, S. J. Newman, C. P. Keenan, and L. S. Slater. 2002. Spatial genetic subdivision between northern Australian and southeast Asian populations of Pristipomoides multidens: A tropical marine reef fish species. Fisheries Research 59:57-69. 2002 Australia; Papua New Guinea; Southeast Asia; Indonesia Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Bohnsack, J. A., A. Y. Cantillo, and M. J. Bello (eds.). 2002. Resource Survey of Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary 1983. NOAA/NOS National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD. 2002 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; Model Fish; Scientific Research; Sediment; Stony Coral
Frumkes, D. R. 2002. The status of the California rigs-to-reefs programme and the need to limit consumptive fishing activities. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs
Bouree, P. and A. Lancon. 2002. Dangerous aquatic animals [Les animaux aquatiques dangereux]. Revue Francaise des Laboratoires 2002:61-64. 2002 Australia; Iran Anemones & Zooanthids; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Molluscs; Sea Urchins
De Jesus Navarrete, A. 2002. Distribution and abundance of Strombus costatus (GMELIN, 1791) larvae and adults at the biosphere reserve: Banco Chinchorro, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Journal of Shellfish Research 21:227-231. 2002 South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Plankton; Snails & Conch; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Gibson, P. T., D. G. Worthington, C. Blount, and N. L. Andrew. 2002. Incidental damage of blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) by commercial divers in New South Wales, Australia. Journal of Shellfish Research 21:787-792. 2002 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Heikoop, J. M., D. D. Hickmott, M. J. Risk, C. K. Shearer, and V. Atudorei. 2002. Potential climate signals from the deep-sea gorgonian coral Primnoa resedaeformis. Hydrobiologia 471:117-124. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii Climate; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Octocoral; Sea Temperatures
Hovland, M., S. Vasshus, A. Indreeide, L. Austdal, and O. Nilsen. 2002. Mapping and imaging deep-sea coral reefs off Norway, 1982-2000. Hydrobiologia 471:13-17. 2002 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Norway Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pipelines; Sediment
Husebo, A., L. Nottestad, J. H. Fossa, D. M. Furevik, and S. B. Jorgensen. 2002. Distribution and abundance of fish in deep-sea coral habitats. Hydrobiologia 471:91-99. 2002 Norway Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Parker Jr., R. O. and R. L. Dixon. 2002. Reef faunal response to warming middle U.S. continental shelf waters. Pages 141-154 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2002 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Cuba Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation
Quinn, R. J., P. De Almeida Leone, G. Guymer, and J. N. A. Hooper. 2002. Australian biodiversity via its plants and marine organisms. A high-throughput screening approach to drug discovery. Pure and Applied Chemistry 74:519-526. 2002 Australia Lab Study Algae; Octocoral; Sponges
Dewidar, KH .M . 2002. Landfill detection in Hurghada, North Red Sea, Egypt, using thematic mapper images. International Journal of Remote Sensing 23:939-948. 2002 Egypt GIS & Maps Beaches & Nature Parks; Hotel & Food Services; Sediment; Solid Waste Disposal; Tourism & Recreation
Restall, S. J., L. A. Jackson, G. Heerten, and W. P. Hornsey. 2002. Case studies showing the growth and development of geotextile sand containers: An Australian perspective. Geotextiles and Geomembranes 20:321-342. 2002 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection
Allegra, L., G. Centanni, S. Centanni, E. Pintori, and G. Petrigni. 2002. Observations on respirable allergens (pollens and mites) in a resort located in Sharm-el-Sheikh, Egypt. GIMT - Giornale Italiano delle Malattie del Torace 56:54-57. 2002 Egypt Hotel & Food Services
Mantua, N. J. and S. R. Hare. 2002. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Journal of Oceanography 58:35-44. 2002 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean Climate; Fishing Sector; Sea Temperatures
Schmitt, E. F., R. D. Sluka, and K. M. Sullivan-Sealey. 2002. Evaluating the use of roving diver and transect surveys to assess the coral reef fish assemblage off southeastern Hispaniola. Coral Reefs 21:216-223. 2002 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Dominican Republic Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Apex Fish Predators; Corallivorous Fish; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Fowler, A. J., G. K. Jones, and R. McGarvey. 2002. Characteristics and consequences of movement patterns of King George whiting (Perciformes:Sillaginodes punctata) in South Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 53:1055-1069. 2002 Australia Fish; Fishing Sector; Seagrasses
Leeworthy V. R. 2002. Economic impact of tourist and resident uses of coastal resources in the Florida Keys: survey methods and impact assessment methodology. Pages 89-100 in D. Letson and J. W. Milon, editors. Florida coastal environmental resources. Florida Sea Grant. 2002 Florida Tourism & Recreation
Hartman, W. and M. Handley. 2002. The application of the Q-tunnelling quality index to rock mass assessment at Impala Platinum Mine. Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 102:155-165. 2002 South Africa Review; Index or Indicator Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining Policies
Le Goff, M. C. and A. D. Rogers. 2002. Characterization of 10 microsatellite loci for the deep-sea coral Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus 1758). Molecular Ecology Notes 2:164-166. 2002 Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Stony Coral
Malakoff, D. 2002. Sea-floor ecosystems: Trawling's a drag for marine life, say studies. Science 298:2123. 2002 Florida Finfish Harvest; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Kim, J. and E. J. Park. 2002. Cytotoxic anticancer candidates from natural resources. Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents 2:485-537. 2002 Review Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Kvernevik, T.-I., M. Zambri Mohd Akhir, and J. Studholme. 2002. A low-cost procedure for automatic seafloor mapping, with particular reference to coral reef conservation in developing nations. Hydrobiologia 474:67-79. 2002 Malaysia GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Internet & Telecommunications
Friedlander, A. M. and E. E. DeMartini. 2002. Contrasts in density, size, and biomass of reef fishes between the northwestern and the main Hawaiian islands: The effects of fishing down apex predators. Marine Ecology Progress Series 230:253-264. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Paulay, G., L. Kirkendale, G. Lambert, and C. Meyer. 2002. Anthropogenic biotic interchange in a coral reef ecosystem: A case study from Guam. Pacific Science 56:403-422. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii; Micronesia; Guam Ballast Discharge; Complex Habitat & Resources; Docks & Marinas; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Invasive Species; Military; Ports & Harbors; Tourism & Recreation
Downs, C. A., G. Shigenaka, J. E. Fauth, C. E. Robinson, and A. Huang. 2002. Cellular physiological assessment of bivalves after chronic exposure to spilled Exxon Valdez crude oil using a novel molecular diagnostic biotechnology. Environmental Science and Technology 36:2987-2993. 2002 Biotechnology Research & Development; Bivalves
Galal, N., R. F. G. Ormond, and O. Hassan. 2002. Effect of a network of no-take reserves in increasing catch per unit effort and stocks of exploited reef fish at Nabq, South Sinai, Egypt. Marine and Freshwater Research 53:199-205. 2002 Egypt Apex Fish Predators; Collaboration & Partnering; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Nesse, S., E. Lind, and B. Jarandsen. 2002. New handbook for guidance in assessing impacts of decommissioning and disposal of redundant offshore installations. Pages 1501-1507 in International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. 2002 Europe; Norway Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Pipelines
[No author name available]. 2002. Proceedings: 2002 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. 24th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing. in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). 2002 Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture
Grandcourt, E. M. 2002. Demographic characteristics of a selection of exploited reef fish from the Seychelles: Preliminary study. Marine and Freshwater Research 53:123-130. 2002 Seychelles Fish; Fishing Sector
McClanahan, T. R. 2002. The near future of coral reefs. Environmental Conservation 29:460-483. 2002 Global Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Resource Use Management; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Snails & Conch; Water Depth & Sea Level; Zooxanthellae
Cochrane, K.L., editor. 2002. A Fishery Manager's Guidebook. Management Measures and their application. Fisheries Technical Paper 424, FAO, Rome. 2002 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Mohammed, S. M. 2002. Pollution management in Zanzibar: The need for a new approach. Ocean and Coastal Management 45:301-311. 2002 Discharges; Mangroves; Pathogens; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge
Nagelkerken, I., C. M. Roberts, G. Van der Velde, M. Dorenbosch, M. C. Van Riel, E. Cocheret de la Moriniere, and P. H. Nienhuis. 2002. How important are mangroves and seagrass beds for coral-reef fish? The nursery hypothesis tested on an island scale. Marine Ecology Progress Series 244:299-305. 2002 South & Central America; Caribbean Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Burnett, J. W. and R. Pfau. 2002. Aquatic antagonists: Catalaphyllia jardinei sting. Cutis 70:27-28. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Seychelles; Japan; Vanuatu Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Octocoral
Friedman, K. S., W. G. Pichel, P. Clement-Colon, and X. Li. 2002. GoMEx - an experimental GIS system for the gulf of Mexico region using SAR and additional satellite and ancillary data. Pages 3343-3345 in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). 2002 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean; Mexico Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Fishing Sector
Kaiser, M. J., J. S. Collie, S. J. Hall, S. Jennings, and I. R. Poiner. 2002. Modification of marine habitats by trawling activities: Prognosis and solutions. Fish and Fisheries 3:114-136. 2002 Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Worms; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Durako, M. J. and J. I. Kunzelman. 2002. Photosynthetic characteristics of Thalassia testudinum measured in situ by pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry: methodological and scale-based considerations. Aquatic Botany 73:173-185. 2002 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Light; Primary Production; Seagrasses
Jin, W. 2002. Guam family housing wave damage study. Pages 314-328 in Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2002. 2002 Guam Review; Model Housing; Storms & Hurricanes
Norcross, Z. M., C. H. Fletcher, and M. Merrifield. 2002. Annual and interannual changes on a reef-fringed pocket beach: Kailua Bay, Hawaii. Marine Geology 190:553-580. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Dubois, S., C. Retiere, and F. Olivier. 2002. Biodiversity associated with Sabellaria alveolata (Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) reefs: Effects of human disturbances. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 82:817-826. 2002 Europe; France Finfish Harvest; Marine Worms; Sediment
Randall, J. E. and B. H. Nagareda. 2002. Cirrhilabrus bathyphilus, a new deep-dwelling labrid fish from the Coral Sea. Cybium 26:123-127. 2002 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Fish
Goodman, J. A. and S. L. Ustin. 2002. Hyperspectral image calibration in a coral reef environment: An empirical approach. Pages 243-245 in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). 2002 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Stony Coral
Beattie, A., U.R. Sumaila, V. Christensen, D. Pauly. 2002. A Model for the Bioeconomic Evaluation of Marine Protected Area Size and Placement in the North Sea. Natural Resource Modeling 15:413-437. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Whales & Dolphins
Jinawath, S., D. Polchai, and M. Yoshimura. 2002. Low-temperature, hydrothermal transformation of aragonite to hydroxyapatite. Materials Science and Engineering C 22:35-39. 2002 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Inoue, N., H. Sekiguchi, and H. Misaki. 2002. Pueruli of Panulirus longipes bispinosus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palinuridae) stranded on the beach of Kuroshima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, southern Japan. Fisheries Science 68:332-340. 2002 Japan Beaches & Nature Parks; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Rushton, B. 2002. Treatment of Storm water Runoff from an Agricultural Basin by a Wet-Detention Pond in Ruskin, Florida, Final Report, Southwest Florida Management District. 2002 Florida Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Soldal, A. V., I. Svellingen, T. Jorgensen, and S. Lokkeborg. 2002. Rigs-to-reefs in the North Sea: Hydroacoustic quantification of fish in the vicinity of a \semi-cold\" platform". ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Artificial Habitat; Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Miller, M. W., A. S. Bourque, and J. A. Bohnsack. 2002. An analysis of the loss of acroporid corals at Looe Key, Florida, USA: 1983-2000. Coral Reefs 21:179-182. 2002 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean GIS & Maps Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Stony Coral
Straub, J. O. 2002. Coral gardener of the maldives. Biologist 49:53-57. 2002 Maldives Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2002. State of the world fisheries and aquaculture. Rome. 2002 Aquaculture; Fishing Sector
Reckhow, Kenneth H.; Stow, Craig A.; Borsuk, Mark E. 2002. Uncertainty Between The Criterion And The Designated Use: Implications For Standards And Tmdl Margin Of Safety. Pages 1223-1228 in Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation. 2002 Model; Index or Indicator Designated Uses; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Water
Heller, P. S. and M. Mani. 2002. Adapting to climate change. Finance and Development 39:29-31. 2002 India Agriculture; Climate; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Mangroves; Mitigation; Pathogens; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
NOAA, USEPA, and the State of Florida. 2002. Sanctuary Monitoring Report 2000. 2002 Florida Field Study & Monitoring Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Seagrasses; Snails & Conch
Tupper, M. and M. A. Rudd. 2002. Species-specific impacts of a small marine reserve on reef fish production and fishing productivity in the Turks and Caicos Islands. Environmental Conservation 29:484-492. 2002 Turks and Caicos Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Funding & Incentives; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Wielgus, J., N. E. Chadwick-Furman, Z. Dubinsky, M. Shechter, and N. Zeitouni. 2002. Dose-response modeling of recreationally important coral-reef attributes: A review and potential application to the economic valuation of damage. Coral Reefs 21:253-259. 2002 Review; Model Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Steimle, F., K. Foster, R. Kropp, and B. Conlin. 2002. Benthic macrofauna productivity enhancement by an artificial reef in Delaware Bay, USA. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector; Mitigation
Turpin, R. K. and S. A. Bortone. 2002. Pre- and post-hurricane assessment of artificial reefs: Evidence for potential use as refugia in a fishery management strategy. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Storms & Hurricanes
Gillanders, B. M. 2002. Connectivity between juvenile and adult fish populations: Do adults remain near their recruitment estuaries? Marine Ecology Progress Series 240:215-223. 2002 Australia Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Chen, B., G. X. Pei, K. Wang, Y. X. Fan, H. Wang, D. Jin, and K. H. Wei. 2002. Repair of tibial defect with tissue-engineered bone graft and radionuclide bone imaging in goats. Di yi jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the First Medical College of PLA 22:966-969. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ren, G. H., G. X. Pei, L. Q. Gu, K. Wang, D. Jin, K. H. Wei, B. Chen, and X. H. Mo. 2002. Biocompatibility of adult human osteoblasts with coral-derived hydroxyapatite in vitro. Di yi jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the First Medical College of PLA 22:974-978. 2002 Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Wilding, T. A. and M. D. J. Sayer. 2002. The physical and chemical performance of artificial reef blocks made using quarry by-products. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining; Construction Codes & Projects
Zakai, D. and N. E. Chadwick-Furman. 2002. Impacts of intensive recreational diving on reef corals at Eilat, northern Red Sea. Biological Conservation 105:179-187. 2002 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sediment; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Miller, S. L., D. W. Swanson, and M. Chiappone. 2002. Multiple spatial scale assessment of coral reef and hard-bottom community structure in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Pages 69-74 in Proceedings of the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium. 2002 Florida Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management; Octocoral
Jensen, Paul; Lee, Ka-Leung; Su, Yu-Chun; Glick, Roger; Magin, Debbie. 2002. Wet Weather And The Application Of Appropriate Criteria For Contact Recreation. Pages 1210-1222 in Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Tupper, M. H., K. Wickstrom, R. Hilborn, C. M. Roberts, J. A. Bohnsack, F. Gell, J. P. Hawkins, and R. Goodridge. 2002. Marine reserves and fisheries management. Science 295:1233-1235. 2002 Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Jackson, C. Rhett; Kolka, Randy. 2002. Forestry Best Management Practices And Their Effectiveness. in Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation. 2002 Chemical Use Regulations; Deforestation & Devegetation; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Forestry; Road Construction & Maintenance; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Al-Ansi, M. A., M. A. R. Abdel-Moati, and I. S. Al-Ansari. 2002. Causes of fish mortally along the Qatari waters (Arabian gulf). International Journal of Environmental Studies 59:59-71. 2002 Qatar Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish; Salinity
Jedoui, Y., E. Davaud, H. B. Ismail, and J.-L. Reyss. 2002. Sedimentological analysis of marine Pleistocene deposits of southeastern Tunisia: Evidence of two positive eustatic pulsations during the marine isotopic substage 5e (Eemian, Tyrrhenian) [Analyse sedimentologique des depots marins pleistocenes du Sud. Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France 173:255-264. 2002 Beaches & Nature Parks; Salinity; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Parrish, F. A., K. Abernathy, G. J. Marshall, and B. M. Buhleier. 2002. Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi) foraging in deep-water coral beds. Marine Mammal Science 18:244-258. 2002 US Pacific & Hawaii Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Fishing Sector
Ley, J. A., I. A. Halliday, A. J. Tobin, R. N. Garrett, and N. A. Gribble. 2002. Ecosystem effects of fishing closures in mangrove estuaries of tropical Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 245:223-238. 2002 Australia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Frias-Lopez, J., A. L. Zerkle, G. T. Bonheyo, and B. W. Fouke. 2002. Partitioning of bacterial communities between seawater and healthy, black band diseased, and dead coral surfaces. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68:2214-2228. 2002 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Microorganisms; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Lipp, E. K., J. L. Jarrell, D. W. Griffin, J. Lukasik, J. Jacukiewicz, and J. B. Rose. 2002. Preliminary evidence for human fecal contamination in corals of the Florida Keys, USA. Marine Pollution Bulletin 44:666-670. 2002 Florida Index or Indicator Microorganisms; Wastewater Discharge
Jensen, A. 2002. Artificial reefs of Europe: Perspective and future. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Oman; Europe; Spain; Poland; France; Norway; United Kingdom Artificial Habitat; Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing Sector; Seagrasses
Tan, M. T., N. H. Minh, and M. T. Ha. 2002. Changes in Geophysical Technology on Deepwater Exploration in Eastern Offshore Vietnam. Pages 663-668 in Proceedings of the Annual Offshore Technology Conference. 2002 Vietnam Model Forestry
Jorgensen, T., S. Lokkeborg, and A. V. Soldal. 2002. Residence of fish in the vicinity of a decommissioned oil platform in the North Sea. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Artificial Habitat; Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs
Kennish, R., K. D. P. Wilson, J. Lo, S. C. Clarke, and S. Laister. 2002. Selecting sites for large-scale deployment of artificial reefs in Hong Kong: Constraint mapping and prioritization techniques. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 GIS & Maps Artificial Habitat; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector
Kress, N., M. Tom, and E. Spanier. 2002. The use of coal fly ash in concrete for marine artificial reefs in the southeastern Mediterranean: Compressive strength, sessile biota, and chemical composition. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Algae; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Coal Mining; Marine Worms
Lok, A., C. Metin, A. Ulas, F. O. Duzbastilar, and A. Tokac. 2002. Artificial reefs in Turkey. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Hungspreugs, M., W. Utoomprurkporn, P. Sompongchaiyakul, and W. Heungraksa. 2002. Possible impact of dam reservoirs and river diversions on material fluxes to the Gulf of Thailand. Marine Chemistry 79:185-191. 2002 Thailand Agriculture; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharges; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Halim, A. 2002. Adoption of cyanide fishing practice in Indonesia. Ocean and Coastal Management 45:313-323. 2002 Southeast Asia; Indonesia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Housing
Charlier, R. H. 2002. Impact on the coastal environment of marine aggregates mining. International Journal of Environmental Studies 59:297-322. 2002 Australia Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Mining
Topping, M., J. Pfeiffer, A. Sparks, K. T. C. Jim, and D. Yoon. 2002. Advanced Airborne Hyperspectral Imaging System (AAHIS). Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 4816:11-Jan. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Agriculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Whales & Dolphins
Hazell, R. W. A., D. S. Schoeman, and M. N. Noffke. 2002. Do fluctuations in the somatic growth rate of rock lobster (Jasus lalandii) encompass all size classes? A re-assessment of juvenile growth. Fishery Bulletin 100:510-518. 2002 South Africa Index or Indicator Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Ports & Harbors
Hesp, S. A., I. C. Potter, and N. G. Hall. 2002. Age and size composition, growth rate, reproductive biology, and habitats of the West Australian dhufish (Glaucosoma hebraicum) and their relevance to the management of this species. Fishery Bulletin 100:214-227. 2002 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Geutebruck, E., J. Herler, R. Kikinger, M. Stachowitsch, and M. Lorkin. 2002. Environmental Impact of Offshore Oil and Gas Company Operations in the Southern Arabian Gulf: A Marine Environmental Survey. Pages 1466-1474 in International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. 2002 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Artificial Habitat; Fish; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Oil & Gas Rigs; Sediment
Kutser, T., A. Dekker, and W. Skirving. 2002. Detecting coral reef substrate types by airborne and space borne hyperspectral sensors. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 4544:93-102. 2002 Australia Model; Remote Sensing Algae; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Xie, J.-R. 2002. Research of the high-resolution sequence stratigraphy reef association in Changxing Formation of Permian, east Sichuan. Kuangwu Yanshi/ Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology 22:49-54. 2002 Forestry
Platten, J. R., I. R. Tibbetts, and M. J. Sheaves. 2002. The influence of increased line-fishing mortality on the sex ratio and age of sex reversal of the venus tusk fish. Journal of Fish Biology 60:301-318. 2002 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish
Andrews, A. H., E. E. Cordes, M. M. Mahoney, K. Munk, K. H. Coale, G. M. Cailliet, and J. Heifetz. 2002. Age, growth and radiometric age validation of a deep-sea, habitat-forming gorgonian (Primnoa resedaeformis) from the Gulf of Alaska. Hydrobiologia 471:101-110. 2002 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Octocoral
Allen, G. R. and T. B. Werner. 2002. Coral reef fish assessment in the 'coral triangle' of southeastern Asia. Environmental Biology of Fishes 65:209-214. 2002 Cuba; Papua New Guinea; Indonesia; Philippines Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Angel, D. L., N. Eden, S. Breitstein, A. Yurman, T. Katz, and E. Spanier. 2002. In situ biofiltration: A means to limit the dispersal of effluents from marine finfish cage aquaculture. Hydrobiologia 469:10-Jan. 2002 Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Marine Worms; Nutrients; Plankton; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Sponges; Tunicates
Mayer, A. 2002. Current marine pharmacology contributions to new drug development in the biopharmaceutical industry. Pharmaceutical News 9:479-482. 2002 Florida; Spain Review Biotechnology Research & Development; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Grutter, A. S. and R. J. G. Lester. 2002. Cleaner fish Labroides dimidiatus reduce 'temporary' parasitic corallanid isopods on the coral reef fish Hemigymnus melapterus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 234:247-255. 2002 Australia Aquaculture
Barros, N. B., T. A. Jefferson, and E. C. M. Parsons. 2002. Food habits of finless porpoises (Neophocaena Phocaenoides) in Hong Kong waters. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 115-123. 2002 China Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Substrate; Whales & Dolphins
Neil, D. T., A. R. Orpin, P. V. Ridd, and B. Yu. 2002. Sediment yield and impacts from river catchments to the Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Marine and Freshwater Research 53:733-752. 2002 Australia Model Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Lokkeborg, S., O.-B. Humborstad, T. Jorgensen, and A. V. Soldal. 2002. Spatio-temporal variations in gillnet catch rates in the vicinity of North Sea oil platforms. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs
Miller, M. W. 2002. Using ecological processes to advance artificial reef goals. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector
Roberts, J. M. 2002. The occurrence of the coral Lophelia pertusa and other conspicuous epifauna around an oil platform in the North Sea. Underwater Technology 25:83-91. 2002 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Anemones & Zooanthids; Discharges; Octocoral; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Sayer, M. D. J. and M. S. P. Baine. 2002. Rigs to reefs: A critical evaluation of the potential for reef development using decommissioned rigs. Underwater Technology 25:93-97. 2002 South & Central America; Mexico Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model Fish; Fishing Sector
Choudhury, S. B., K. H. Rao, and M. V. Rao. 2002. Sattelite remote sensing for marine resources assessment. Tropical Ecology 43:187-202. 2002 India Review; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands
Morton, B. 2002. Effects of extreme rainfall, typhoons and declaration of marine reserve status on corals beached at Cape d'Aguilar (1998 and 1999). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 82:729-743. 2002 Finfish Harvest; Storms & Hurricanes
Bernabeu-Tello, A. M., J. J. Munoz-Perez, and R. Medina-Santamaria. 2002. Influence of a rocky platform in the profile morphology: Victoria Beach, Cadiz (Spain) [Influencia de un sustrato rocoso en la morfologia del perfil de playa: Playa Victoria, Cadiz]. Ciencias Marinas 28:181-192. 2002 Spain Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Beaches & Nature Parks
Van Rossum, A. M. C., A. S. Bergshoeff, P. L. A. Fraaij, P. W. H. Hugen, N. G. Hartwig, S. P. M. Geelen, T. F. W. Wolfs, C. M. R. Weemaes, R. De Groot, and D. M. Burger. 2002. Therapeutic drug monitoring of indinavir and nelfinavir to assess adherence to therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 21:743-747. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring
Ono, Y. 2002. Landform conservation and flood control: The issue of the Chitose Diversion Channel project in Hokkaido, Japan. Australian Geographical Studies 40:143-154. 2002 Japan Discharges; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water
Osenberg, C. W., C. M. St. Mary, J. A. Wilson, and W. J. Lindberg. 2002. A quantitative framework to evaluate the attraction-production controversy. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Artificial Habitat
Pitcher, T. J., E. A. Buchary, and T. Hutton. 2002. Forecasting the benefits of no-take human-made reefs using spatial ecosystem simulation. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 China Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Salvat, B. and A. Aubanel. 2002. The management of coral reefs of French Polynesia [La gestion des recifs coralliens de Polynesie francaise]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 57:193-251. 2002 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; France Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Aquaculture; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Echinoderms; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Molluscs; Nutrients; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Salvat, B., Y. Chancerelle, M. Schrimm, R. Morancy, M. Porcher, and A. Aubanel. 2002. Restoration of a degraded coral reef site and creation of a coral garden (Bora Bora, French Polynesia) [Restauration d'une zone corallienne degradee et implantation d'un jardin corallien à Bora Bora, Polynesie Francaise]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 57:81-96. 2002 Global Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Molluscs; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Warn, S. 2002. Sustainable management of coral reefs. Geography Review 15:6-Feb. 2002 Finfish Harvest; Tourism & Recreation
Sivakumar, M., I. Manjubala, and K. Panduranga Rao. 2002. Preparation, characterization and in-vitro release of gentamicin from coralline hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite microspheres. Carbohydrate Polymers 49:281-288. 2002 India Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chaston, K.A.V. 2001. Sediment Nutrient Bioavailability in a Sub-tropical Catchment Dominated by Agriculture: The transition from Land to Sea. PhD Thesis. University of Queensland. 2001 Australia Agriculture; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Frouin, P. and P. Hatchings. 2001. Macrobenthic communities in a tropical lagoon (Tahiti, French Polynesia, central Pacific). Coral Reefs 19:277-285. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Bivalves; Hotel & Food Services; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Sediment
Sheppard, C. 2001. The main issues affecting coasts of the Indian and Western Pacific oceans: A meta-analysis from Seas at the Millennium. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42:1199-1207. 2001 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; India; Pacific Ocean Review Finfish Harvest
Thorburn, C. C. 2001. The house that poison built: Customary marine property rights and the live food fish trade in the Kei Islands, southeast Maluku. Development and Change 32:151-180. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii; Oman; Southeast Asia; Indonesia; Philippines Fishing Sector; Housing; Military
Morton, B. and G. Blackmore. 2001. South China Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42:1236-1263. 2001 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Thailand; Malaysia; China; Vietnam; Indonesia; Philippines; Taiwan Index or Indicator Climate; Housing; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Anderson, A. 2001. No meat on that beautiful shore: The prehistoric abandonment of subtropical Polynesian islands. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 11:14-23. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii Agriculture; Fish; Marine Birds; Whales & Dolphins
Wing, E. S. 2001. The sustainability of resources used by native Americans on four Caribbean Islands. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 11:112-126. 2001 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs
McClanahan, T. R. and R. Arthur. 2001. The effect of marine reserves and habitat on populations of East African coral reef fishes. Ecological Applications 11:559-569. 2001 Indian Ocean; India Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Munoz-Perez, J. J., B. Lopez De San Roman-Blanco, J. M. Gutierrez-Mas, L. Moreno, and G. J. Cuena. 2001. Cost of beach maintenance in the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Spain). Coastal Engineering 42:143-153. 2001 Spain Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment
Epstein, N., R. P. M. Bak, and B. Rinkevich. 2001. Strategies for gardening denuded coral reef areas: The applicability of using different types of coral material for reef restoration. Restoration Ecology 9:432-442. 2001 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Campbell, R. A., B. D. Mapstone, and A. D. M. Smith. 2001. Evaluating large-scale experimental designs for management of coral trout on the Great Barrier Reef. Ecological Applications 11:1763-1777. 2001 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Heyman, W. D., R. T. Graham, B. Kjerfve, and R. E. Johannes. 2001. Whale sharks Rhincodon typus aggregate to feed on fish spawn in Belize. Marine Ecology Progress Series 215:275-282. 2001 South & Central America; Belize Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Jones, R. J. 2001. The status of seabird colonies on the Cook Islands atoll of Suwarrow. Bird Conservation International 11:309-318. 2001 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Cook Islands Aquaculture; Marine Birds
Jackson, J. B. C. and E. Sala. 2001. Unnatural Oceans. Scientia Marina 65:273-281. 2001 Model Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Whales & Dolphins
Akgun, F. and H. Sozbilir. 2001. A palynostratigraphic approach to the SW Anatolian molasse basin: Kale-Tavas molasse and Denizli molasse. Geodinamica Acta 14:71-93. 2001 GIS & Maps Coal Mining; Sediment
Patterson III, W. F., J. C. Watterson, R. L. Shipp, and JR . Cowan J.H. 2001. Movement of tagged red snapper in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 130:533-545. 2001 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Torres, R., M. Chiappone, F. Geraldes, Y. Rodriguez, and M. Vega. 2001. Sedimentation as an important environmental influence on Dominican Republic reefs. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:805-818. 2001 Dominican Republic GIS & Maps Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Octocoral; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Bax, N. J. and A. Williams. 2001. Seabed habitat on the south-eastern Australian continental shelf: Context, vulnerability and monitoring. Marine and Freshwater Research 52:491-512. 2001 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest
Schuttenberg, editor. 2001. Coral Bleaching: Causes, Consequences and Response - Selected Papers Presented at the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium October 2000. Coastal Management Report #2230, Coastal Resources Center, Narragansett, (Rhode Island, USA). 2001 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia; Philippines Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Ryan, J. C. 2001. Indonesia's Coral Reefs On the line. World Watch 14:19-Dec. 2001 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Climate; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Pathogens; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Talbot, F. and C. Wilkinson. 2001. Coral reefs, mangroves and seagrasses: a sourcebook for managers. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville (Australia). 2001 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Climate; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Forestry; Invasive Species; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Seagrasses; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Riegl, B. 2001. Degradation of reef structure, coral and fish communities in the Red Sea by ship groundings and dynamite fisheries. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:595-611. 2001 Egypt Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Cleary, J. D., T. M. Oswald, P. David Rogers, and A. Whitehurst. 2001. A high-dosage fluconazole therapy in a patient with Rhodotorula pilimanae fungemia. Journal of Infectious Disease Pharmacotherapy 4:73-82. 2001 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Medical Centers; Pathogens
Salm, R. V. and S. L. Coles. 2001. Coral bleaching and marine protected areas. Page 118 in Proceedings of the Workshop on Mitigating Coral Bleaching Impact Through MPA Design, Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii, 29-31 May 2001. Asia Pacific Coastal Marine Program Report # 0102. Honolulu, Hawaii,. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii Marine Protected Areas; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites
Crowe, T. P., G. Dobson, and C. L. Lee. 2001. A novel method for tagging and recapturing animals in complex habitats and its use in research into stock enhancement of Trochus niloticus. Aquaculture 194:383-391. 2001 Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector
Sanchiricho, J. N. and J. E. Wilen. 2001. A bioeconomic model of marine reserve creation. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 42:257-276. 2001 Model Fishing Sector
Obura, D. O. 2001. Kenya. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42:1264-1278. 2001 Indian Ocean; Somalia; Kenya; India Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Coastal Development; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector; Infrastructure; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Special Use Permitting; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
DiMasi, J. A. 2001. New drug development in the United States from 1963 to 1999. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 69:286-296. 2001 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
DiMasi, J. A. 2001. Risks in new drug development: approval success rates for investigational drugs. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 69:297-307. 2001 Model Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
DeMartini, E. E. and H. A. Williams. 2001. Fecundity and egg size of Scyllarides squammosus (Decapoda: Scyllaridae) at Maro Reef, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Journal of Crustacean Biology 21:891-896. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Price, A. R. 2001. The marine food chain in relation to biodiversity. TheScientificWorldJournal 1:579-587. 2001 Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Rao, K. M., K. S. R. Murthy, N. P. C. Reddy, A. S. Subrahmanyam, S. Lakshminarayana, M. M. M. Rao, K. V. L. N. S. Sarma, M. K. Premkumar, A. Sree, and M. Bapuji. 2001. Submerged beach ridge lineation and associated sedentary fauna in the innershelf of Gopalpur coast, Orissa, Bay of Bengal. Current Science 81:828-833. 2001 Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Octocoral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Conway, K. W., M. Krautter, J. V. Barrie, and M. Neuweiler. 2001. Hexactinellid sponge reefs on the Canadian continental shelf: A unique \living fossil\"". Geoscience Canada 28:71-78. 2001 Global Finfish Harvest; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Garcia-Charton, J. A. and A. Perez-Ruzafa. 2001. Spatial pattern and the habitat structure of a Mediterranean rocky reef fish local assemblage. Marine Biology 138:917-934. 2001 Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Substrate
Lugo-Fernandez, A., K. J. P. Deslarzes, J. M. Price, G. S. Boland, and M. V. Morin. 2001. Inferring probable dispersal of Flower Garden Banks coral larvae (Gulf of Mexico) using observed and simulated drifter trajectories. Continental Shelf Research 21:47-67. 2001 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Oil & Gas Rigs; Physical Damage; Salinity; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Patterson III, W. F., JR . Cowan J.H., C. A. Wilson, and R. L. Shipp. 2001. Age and growth of red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, from an artificial reef area off Alabama in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin 99:617-627. 2001 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Artificial Habitat; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Borneman, E. H. and J. Lowrie. 2001. Advances in captive husbandry and propagation: An easily utilized reef replenishment means from the private sector? Bulletin of Marine Science 69:897-913. 2001 Algae; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Octocoral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Eno, N. C., D. S. MacDonald, J. A. M. Kinnear, S. C. Amos, C. J. Chapman, R. A. Clark, F. S. P. D. Bunker, and C. Munro. 2001. Effects of crustacean traps on benthic fauna. ICES Journal of Marine Science 58:20-Nov. 2001 England; Britain Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octocoral; Substrate
Daszak, P., A. A. Cunningham, and A. D. Hyatt. 2001. Anthropogenic environmental change and the emergence of infectious diseases in wildlife. Pages 103-116 in Acta Tropica. 2001 Review Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Ostrowski, A. C. and C. W. Laidley. 2001. Application of marine foodfish techniques in marine ornamental aquaculture: Reproduction and larval first feeding. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:191-204. 2001 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
Rubec, P. J., F. Cruz, V. Pratt, R. Oellers, B. McCullough, and F. Lallo. 2001. Cyanide-free net-caught fish for the marine aquarium trade. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:37-51. 2001 Indonesia; Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Rubec, P. J., V. R. Pratt, and F. Cruz. 2001. Territorial use rights in fisheries to manage areas for farming coral reef fish and invertebrates for the aquarium trade. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:119-134. 2001 Southeast Asia; Philippines Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Holden, H. and E. LeDrew. 2001. Hyperspectral discrimination of healthy versus stressed corals using in situ reflectance. Journal of Coastal Research 17:850-858. 2001 Field Study & Monitoring; Remote Sensing Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research
St John, J., G. R. Russ, I. W. Brown, and L. C. Squire. 2001. The diet of the large coral reef serranid Plectropomus leopardus in two fishing zones on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Fishery Bulletin 99:180-192. 2001 Australia Index or Indicator Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Karhuketo, T. S. and H. J. Puhakka. 2001. Endoscope-guided round window fistula repair. Otology and Neurotology 22:869-873. 2001 Australia; Cuba Review Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Invasive Species
CARICOMP. 2001. Caribbean Coastal Marine Productivity (CARICOMP); a cooperative research and monitoring network of marine laboratories, parks, and reserves. University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica. 2001 Global; South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Jamaica; Panama; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Infrastructure; Mangroves; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses
Jackson, J. B. C. 2001. What was natural in the coastal oceans? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98:5411-5418. 2001 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Apex Fish Predators; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Monetary Valuation; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Sponges
Salafsky, N., H. Cauley, G. Balachander, B. Cordes, J. Parks, C. Margoluis, S. Bhatt, C. Encarnacion, D. Russell, and R. Margoluis. 2001. A systematic test of an enterprise strategy for community-based biodiversity conservation. Conservation Biology 15:1585-1595. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii Banks, Credit, & Securities; Forestry; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Tourism & Recreation
Opishinski, T. B., M. L. Spaulding, K. Rutzler, and M. Carpenter. 2001. A real time environmental data monitoring, management and analysis system for the coral reefs off the coast of Belize. Pages 1188-1197 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2001 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Internet & Telecommunications
McClanahan, T. R. and S. Mangi. 2001. The effect of a closed area and beach seine exclusion on coral reef fish catches. Fisheries Management and Ecology 8:107-121. 2001 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Pet-Soede, C., W. L. T. Van Densen, J. S. Pet, and M. A. M. Machiels. 2001. Impact of Indonesian coral reef fisheries on fish community structure and the resultant catch composition. Fisheries Research 51:35-51. 2001 Indonesia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
De Grave, S. and D. K. A. Barnes. 2001. Ecology of tropical hermit crabs (Crustacea Decapoda) at Quirimba Island, Mozambique: A multivariate assemblage perspective. Tropical Zoology 14:197-209. 2001 Mozambique Beaches & Nature Parks; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Brodie, J., C. Christie, M. Devlin, D. Haynes, S. Morris, M. Ramsay, J. Waterhouse, and H. Yorkston. 2001. Catchment management and the Great Barrier Reef. Water Science and Technology 43:203-211. 2001 Australia Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment
Briones-Fourzan, P. and E. Lozano-Alvarez. 2001. The importance of Lobophora variegata (Phaeophyta: Dictyotales) as a habitat for small juveniles of panulirus argus (Decapoda: Palinuridae) in a tropical reef lagoon. Bulletin of Marine Science 68:207-219. 2001 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Index or Indicator Algae; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Ports & Harbors; Seagrasses; Substrate
Wilson, J., C. W. Osenberg, C. M. St. Mary, C. A. Watson, and W. J. Lindberg. 2001. Artificial reefs, the attraction-production issue, and density dependence in marine ornamental fishes. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:95-105. 2001 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Artificial Habitat; Fish
Wood, E. 2001. Global advances in conservation and management of marine ornamental resources. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:65-77. 2001 Global Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector
Gorfine, H. K. and C. D. Dixon. 2001. Diver behaviour and its influence on assessments of a quota-managed abalone fishery. Journal of Shellfish Research 20:787-794. 2001 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Funding & Incentives; Special Use Permitting
Gorfine, H. K., B. L. Taylor, and T. I. Walker. 2001. Triggers and targets: What are we aiming for with abalone fisheries models in Australia? Journal of Shellfish Research 20:803-811. 2001 Australia Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Eggleston, D. B. and C. P. Dahlgren. 2001. Distribution and abundance of Caribbean spiny lobsters in the Key West National Wildlife Refuge: Relationship to habitat features and impact of an intensive recreational fishery. Marine and Freshwater Research 52:1567-1576. 2001 South & Central America; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation
Domroes, M. 2001. Conceptualising state-controlled resort islands for an environment-friendly development of tourism: The Maldivian experience. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 22:122-137. 2001 Maldives Finfish Harvest; Hotel & Food Services; Tourism & Recreation
Nogueira, J. M. M., T. M. Steiner, and A. C. Z. Amaral. 2001. Descriptions of two new species of eunice cuvier, 1817 (Polyhaeta: Eunicidae)from coastal islands of the state of sãoPaulo, Brazil. Scientia Marina 65:47-57. 2001 Beaches & Nature Parks
Dong, S. K., J. M. Wen, and J. Bi. 2001. Ectopic osteogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells induced by bone morphogenetic protein. Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery 15:17-20. 2001 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mylroie, J. E., J. W. Jenson, D. Taborosi, J. M. U. Jocson, D. T. Vann, and C. Wexel. 2001. Karst features of Guam in terms of a general model of carbonate island karst. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 63:22-Sep. 2001 Guam Field Study & Monitoring; Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Jordan, I. E. and M. J. Samways. 2001. Recent changes in coral assemblages of a South African coral reef, with recommendations for long-term monitoring. Biodiversity and Conservation 10:1027-1037. 2001 Global; Cuba; South Africa Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Octocoral; Pathogens; Physical Damage; Stony Coral
Sivakumar, M. and I. Manjubala. 2001. Preparation of hydroxyapatite/fluoroapatite-zirconia composites using Indian corals for biomedical applications. Materials Letters 50:199-205. 2001 India Field Study & Monitoring Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kim, C. G., H. S. Kim, T. H. Kim, and C. I. Baik. 2001. Monitoring of Floating Fish Reef Installed in Koje Coastal Waters. Ocean and Polar Research 23:305-310. 2001 Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Fishing Sector
Elliott, G., B. Mitchell, B. Wiltshire, I. A. Manan, and S. Wismer. 2001. Community participation in marine protected area management Wakatobi National Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Coastal Management 29:295-316. 2001 Indonesia Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Done, T. J. 2001. Useful science for coral reef management: The cooperative research centre model. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:309-315. 2001 Australia Model; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Ballast Discharge; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Seastars; Special Use Permitting; Wastewater Discharge
Halim, A. 2001. Grouper culture: An option for grouper management in Indonesia. Coastal Management 29:319-326. 2001 Indonesia Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Live Collection; Piscivorous Fish
Williams, I. D., N. V. C. Polunin, and V. J. Hendrick. 2001. Limits to grazing by herbivorous fishes and the impact of low coral cover on macroalgal abundance on a coral reef in Belize. Marine Ecology Progress Series 222:187-196. 2001 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Rogers, C. S. and V. H. Garrison. 2001. Ten years after the crime: Lasting effects of damage from a cruise ship anchor on a coral reef in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:793-803. 2001 US Virgin Islands Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Cruise Ships; Sediment; Stony Coral
McClanahan, T. R., M. McField, M. Huitric, K. Bergman, E. Sala, M. Nystrom, I. Nordemar, T. Elfwing, and N. A. Muthiga. 2001. Responses of algae, corals and fish to the reduction of macroalgae in fished and unfished patch reefs of Glovers Reef Atoll, Belize. Coral Reefs 19:367-379. 2001 South & Central America; Belize Algae; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
McClanahan, T. R., N. A. Muthiga, and S. Mangi. 2001. Coral and algal changes after the 1998 coral bleaching: Interaction with reef management and herbivores on Kenyan reefs. Coral Reefs 19:380-391. 2001 Indian Ocean; Kenya; India Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Hydrocoral; Octocoral; Sea Urchins; Stony Coral
Pena, J., R. Z. LeGeros, R. Rohanizadeh, and J. P. LeGeros. 2001. CaCO3/Ca-P biphasic materials prepared by microwave processing of natural aragonite and calcite. Key Engineering Materials 267-270. 2001 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Harborne, A. R., D. C. Afzal, and M. J. Andrews. 2001. Honduras: Caribbean Coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42:1221-1235. 2001 South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Caribbean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Coastal Development; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Infrastructure; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Special Use Permitting; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management Policies; Wetlands
[No author name available]. 2001. Reef quest and daydream express. Work Boat World 20:37-38. 2001 Tourism & Recreation
Maier, E., R. Tollrian, and B. Nurnberger. 2001. Development of species-specific markers in an organism with endosymbionts: Microsatellites in the scleractinian coral Seriatopora hystrix. Molecular Ecology Notes 1:157-159. 2001 Stony Coral
Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources of the Department of Agriculture, and Department of the Interior and Local Government. 2001. Philippine Coastal Management Guidebook No. 8 Coastal Law Enforcement. No.8 Coastal Law Enforcement, Coastal Resource Management Project of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Cebu City, Philippines. 2001 Philippines Military; Resource Use Management
Luz, F. B., A. P. Gaspar, N. Kalil-Gaspar, and M. Ramos-E-Silva. 2001. Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 15:524-531. 2001 Review Pathogens
Kalish, J. M., R. Nydal, K. H. Nedreaas, G. S. Burr, and G. L. Eine. 2001. A time history of pre- and post-bomb radiocarbon in the Barents Sea derived from Arcto-Norwegian Cod Otoliths. Radiocarbon 43:843-855. 2001 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Fish; Fishing Sector; Molluscs
Bingham, B. L. 2001. Biology of mangroves and mangrove ecosystems. Advances in Marine Biology 40:81-251. 2001 Global Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Algae; Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Irrigation; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Plankton; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Sternlicht, D. D., D. W. Lemonds, R. D. Dikeman, M. Ericksen, and S. G. Schock. 2001. Detection and classification of buried objects with an adaptive acoustic mine-hunting system. Pages 212-219 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2001 Cuba GIS & Maps Coastal Defense; Military
Strand, M. 2001. Fluorescence imaging laser line scan (FILLS) for very shallow water mine countermeasures. Pages 102-106 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2001 Sediment
Mahon, R. and W. Hunte. 2001. Trap mesh selectivity and the management of reef fishes. Fish and Fisheries 2:356-375. 2001 South & Central America; Caribbean Model Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Special Use Permitting
Walters, R. D. M. and M. J. Samways. 2001. Sustainable dive ecotourism on a South African coral reef. Biodiversity and Conservation 10:2167-2179. 2001 Cuba; South Africa Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Octocoral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Santos, C. S. G. and P. C. Lana. 2001. Nereididae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the northeastern coast of the Brazil. II. Genera Namalycastis, Ceratocephale, Laeonereis and Rullierinereis [Nereididae (Annelida, Polychaeta) da costa nordeste do Brasil. II. Generos Namalycastis, Ceratocephale, L. Pages 137-149 Iheringia - Serie Zoologia. 2001 Beaches & Nature Parks; Marine Worms
Latypov, YU .Y A. 2001. Communities of Coral Reefs of Central Vietnam. Russian Journal of Marine Biology 27:197-200. 2001 Cuba; Vietnam Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Substrate
Rogers, C. S. and J. Beets. 2001. Degradation of marine ecosystems and decline of fishery resources in marine protected areas in the US Virgin Islands. Environmental Conservation 28:312-322. 2001 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Review Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Regulations; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Pathogens; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses; Small Herbivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting; Storms & Hurricanes
Yamano, H., O. Abe, H. Kitagawa, E. Niu, and T. Nakamura. 2001. Coral reef evolution at the leeward side of Ishigaki Island, Southwest Japan. Radiocarbon 43:899-908. 2001 Japan Fishing Sector
Ben-Nissan, B., J. J. Russell, J. Hu, A. Milev, D. Green, R. Vago, W. Walsh, and R. M. Conway. 2001. Comparison of surface morphology in sol-gel treated coralline hydroxyapatite structures for implant purposes. Key Engineering Materials 959-962. 2001 Australia Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Griffin, D. W., V. H. Garrison, J. R. Herman, and E. A. Shinn. 2001. African desert dust in the caribbean atmosphere: microbiology and public health. Aerobiologia 17:203-213. 2001 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Microorganisms
Sedberry, G. R., J. C. McGovern, and O. Pashuk. 2001. The Charleston Bump: An island of essential fish habitat in the Gulf Stream. Pages 24-Mar in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2001 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Nemeth, R. S. and J. Sladek Nowlis. 2001. Monitoring the effects of land development on the near-shore reef environment of St. Thomas, USVI. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:759-775. 2001 US Virgin Islands Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Landscaping & Household Services; Octocoral; Sediment; Sponges
Briones-Fourzan, P. and E. Lozano-Alvarez. 2001. Effects of artificial shelters (Casitas) on the abundance and biomass of juvenile spiny lobsters Panulirus argus in a habitat-limited tropical reef lagoon. Marine Ecology Progress Series 221:221-232. 2001 South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Fenner, D. 2001. Biogeography of three Caribbean corals (Scleractinia) and the invasion of Tubastraea coccinea into the Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:1175-1189. 2001 South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico Oil & Gas Rigs; Stony Coral; Substrate
Bruno, J. F. and M. D. Bertness. 2001. Habitat modification and facilitation in benthic marine communities. Pages 201-218 in Bertness, M. D., S. D. Gaines, and M. E. Hay, editors. Marine community ecology. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA. 2001 Fishing Sector
Zeller, D. and D. Pauly. 2001. Visualisation of standardized life-history patterns. Fish and Fisheries 2:344-355. 2001 Fish; Fishing Sector; Water Depth & Sea Level
Tseng, C.-T., S.-C. Chen, C.-S. Huang, and C.-C. Liu. 2001. GIS-assisted site selection for artificial reefs. Fisheries Science 67:1015-1022. 2001 Taiwan GIS & Maps Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Water Depth & Sea Level
Ginsburg, R. N., E. Gischler, and W. E. Kiene. 2001. Partial mortality of massive reef-building corals: An index of patch reef condition, Florida Reef Tract. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:1149-1173. 2001 Florida Index or Indicator Boating Activities; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Jackson, J. B. C., M. X. Kirby, W. H. Berger, K. A. Bjorndal, L. W. Botsford, B. J. Bourque, R. H. Bradbury, R. Cooke, J. Erlandson, J. A. Estes, T. P. Hughes, S. Kidwell, C. B. Lange, H. S. Lenihan, J. M.Pandolfi, C. H. Peterson, R. S. Steneck, M. J. Tegner, and R. R. Warner. 2001. Historical overfishing and the recent collapse of coastal ecosystems. Science 293:629-637. 2001 Climate; Finfish Harvest; Pathogens
Williams, I. D. and N. V. C. Polunin. 2001. Large-scale associations between macroalgal cover and grazer biomass on mid-depth reefs in the Caribbean. Coral Reefs 19:358-366. 2001 South & Central America; Cuba; Jamaica; Belize; Caribbean Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertebrates; Large Herbivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish
Uthicke, S. and J. A. H. Benzie. 2001. Effect of beche-de-mer fishing on densities and size structure of Holothuria nobilis (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) populations on the great barrier reef. Coral Reefs 19:271-276. 2001 Australia Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Bett, B. J. 2001. UK atlantic margin environmental survey: Introduction and overview of bathyal benthic ecology. Continental Shelf Research 21:917-956. 2001 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Oil & Gas Industry; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Water Depth & Sea Level
Paulay, G. and A. Kerr. 2001. Patterns of coral reef development on Tarawa Atoll (Kiribati). Bulletin of Marine Science 69:1191-1207. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii; Kiribati Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Stony Coral
Petersen, D. and R. Tollrian. 2001. Methods to enhance sexual recruitment for restoration of damaged reefs. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:989-1000. 2001 Florida Lab Study Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Sediment; Stony Coral
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 2001. Fisheries of the United States 2000. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2001 Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Sam Smith, A. W. 2001. Discussion of: Munoz-Perez, J.J.; Tejedor, L., and Medina, R., 1999. Equilibrium beach profile model for reef protected beaches. Journal of Coastal Research, 15(4), 950-957. Journal of Coastal Research 17:241-242. 2001 Model Beaches & Nature Parks
Wing, S. R. and E. S. Wing. 2001. Prehistoric fisheries in the Caribbean. Coral Reefs 20:8-Jan. 2001 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Pedersen, M. and P. Snoeijs. 2001. Patterns of macroalgal diversity, community composition and long-term changes along the swedish west coast. Hydrobiologia 459:83-102. 2001 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Villouta, E., W. L. Chadderton, C. W. Pugsley, and C. H. Hay. 2001. Effects of sea urchin (Evechinus chloroticus) grazing in Dusky Sound, Fiordland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 35:1007-1024. 2001 Algae; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Sea Urchins
Mikkelsen, P. M. and J. Cracraft. 2001. Marine biodiversity and the need for systematic inventories. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:525-534. 2001 Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Echinoderms; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites; Seastars; Snails & Conch; Sponges
Willis, T. J., D. M. Parsons, and R. C. Babcock. 2001. Evidence for long-term site fidelity of snapper (Pagrus auratus) within a marine reserve. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 35:581-590. 2001 Finfish Harvest; Piscivorous Fish
Obura, D. O. 2001. Participatory monitoring of shallow tropical marine fisheries by artisanal fishers in Diani, Kenya. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:777-791. 2001 Kenya Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Shepherd, S. A. and K. R. Rodda. 2001. Sustainability demands vigilance: Evidence for serial decline of the greenlip abalone fishery and a review of management. Journal of Shellfish Research 20:829-841. 2001 Australia Review; Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Recksiek, C. W., B. R. Murphy, R. S. Appeldoorn, and K. C. Lindeman. 2001. Integrating fish fauna and habitat assessments: a fundamental step in developing fishery reserve design criteria. Pages 654-666 in Proceedings of the 52nd Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute. 2001 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Caribbean GIS & Maps Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves
Mortensen, P. B., T. Hovland, J. H. Fossa, and D. M. Furevik. 2001. Distribution, abundance and size of Lophelia pertusa coral reefs in mid-Norway in relation to seabed characteristics. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81:581-597. 2001 Norway GIS & Maps Fishing Sector; Pipelines
Alker, A. P., G. W. Smith, and K. Kim. 2001. Characterization of Aspergillus sydowii (Thom et Church), a fungal pathogen of Caribbean sea fan corals. Hydrobiologia 460:105-111. 2001 South & Central America; Caribbean Octocoral; Pathogens
Chaloupka, M. and C. Limpus. 2001. Trends in the abundance of sea turtles resident in southern Great Barrier Reef waters. Biological Conservation 102:235-249. 2001 Australia Fishing Sector; Sea Turtles
Kibel, P. S. 2001. The Paper Tiger Awakens: North American Environmental Law after the Cozumel Reef Case. Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 39. 2001 South & Central America; Mexico
Fry, G. C., D. A. Milton, and T. J. Wassenberg. 2001. The reproductive biology and diet of sea snake bycatch of prawn trawling in Northern Australia: Characteristics important for assessing the impacts on populations. Pacific Conservation Biology 7:55-73. 2001 Australia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Commercial Fishing Boats; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Page, C., G. Coleman, R. Ninio, and K. Osborne. 2001. Surveys of benthic reef communities using underwater video. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville. 2001 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Paulay, G. 2001. Benthic ecology and biota of Tarawa Atoll Lagoon: Influence of equatorial upwelling, circulation, and human harvest. Atoll Research Bulletin Jan-33. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii; Kiribati Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Snails & Conch
Kendall, M. S., M. E. Monaco, K. R. Buja, J. D. Christensen, C.R. Kruer, M. Finkbeiner, and R. A. Warner. 2001. Methods Used to Map the Benthic Habitats of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. NOAA National Ocean Service, Silver Spring, (MD, USA). 2001 South & Central America; Florida; US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico; Caribbean GIS & Maps Algae; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Sediment; Substrate
[No author name available]. 2001. Conference Proceedings: MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001 - An Ocean Odyssey. in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2001 Field Study & Monitoring Fishing Sector
Uthicke, S. and J. A. H. Benzie. 2001. Restricted gene flow between Holothuria scabra (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) populations along the north-east coast of Australia and the Solomon Islands. Marine Ecology Progress Series 216:109-117. 2001 Australia; Solomon Islands Echinoderms; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates
Thacker, R. W., D. W. Ginsburg, and V. J. Paul. 2001. Effects of herbivore exclusion and nutrient enrichment on coral reef macroalgae and cyanobacteria. Coral Reefs 19:318-329. 2001 Algae; Cyanobacteria; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens
Payet, R. J. and D. Boulle. 2000. Seychelles artisanal fisheries data. Seychelles artisanal fisheries data. 2000 Seychelles Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Faulkner, D. J. 2000. Marine pharmacology. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 77:135-145. 2000 Review Aquaculture; Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Rutzler, K., M. C. Diaz, R. W. M. Van Soest, S. Zea, K. P. Smith, B. Alvarez, and J. Wulff. 2000. Diversity of sponge fauna in mangrove ponds, Pelican Cays, Belize. Atoll Research Bulletin 231-248. 2000 South & Central America; Belize Boating Activities; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Nutrients; Sediment; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Office of Satellite Data Processing and, DI ST RI BU TI ON. 2000. Coral reef thermal stress monitoring. Coral reef thermal stress monitoring. 2000 Global Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Sea Temperatures
World Conservation Monitoring, CE NT RE. 2000. Coral reefs and mangroves of the world from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC). Coral reefs and mangroves of the world from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC). 2000 Global Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Forestry; Mangroves
Keamy, J., J. Umlas, and Y. Lee. 2000. Red coral keratitis. Cornea 19:859-860. 2000 Cuba; Oman Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
McClanahan, T. R., K. Bergman, M. Huitric, M. McField, T. Elfwing, M. Nystrom, and I. Nordemar. 2000. Response of fishes to algae reduction on glovers reef, Belize. Marine Ecology Progress Series 206:273-282. 2000 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Large Herbivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Turf Algae
Wozencraft, J. M. and J. L. Irish. 2000. SHOALS surveys and carbonate beaches. Pages 24-37 in Carbonate Beaches 2000. 2000 GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Military
Cesar, H. S. J., editor. 2000. Collected essays on the economics of coral reefs. CORDIO, Kalmar, Sweden. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; Jamaica; India; Indonesia; Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Marine Protected Areas; Mining Policies; Mitigation; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Wetlands
Stejskal, I. V. 2000. Obtaining Approvals for Oil and Gas Projects in Shallow Water Marine Areas in Western Australia using an Environmental Risk Assessment Framework. Spill Science and Technology Bulletin 6:69-76. 2000 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Industry; Petroleum Spills
Spanier, E. 2000. Changes in the ichthyofauna of an artificial reef in the southeastern Mediterranean in one decade. Scientia Marina 64:279-284. 2000 Cuba Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Cox, R., R. K. Atkinson, B. R. Bear, M. E. Brandriss, C. B. Chokel, J. C. Comstock, E. D. Gutmann, L. B. Interess, T. F. Schildgen, S. J. Teplitzky, and M. P. Willis. 2000. Changes in a fringing reef complex over a thirty-year period: coal loss and lagoon infilling at Mary Creek, St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Bulletin of Marine Science 66:269-277. 2000 US Virgin Islands Coal Mining; Stony Coral
Wilks, J. and R. J. Davis. 2000. Risk management for scuba diving operators on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. Tourism Management 21:591-599. 2000 Australia; Cuba Review Discharges; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
[No author name available]. 2000. Permit modification sought for artificial reef. Gulf of Mexico Newsletter 15:4. 2000 Artificial Habitat; Military
Ramachandran, S. 2000. The Andaman, Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 189-197. 2000 India Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation
[No author name available]. 2000. Quick takes...Cove Point LNG completes open season for firm LNG tanker. Oil and Gas Journal 98:9. 2000 Pipelines
[No author name available]. 2000. Quick takes...Naftex Energy, Petrobras in farmout agreement. Oil and Gas Journal 98:8. 2000 Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Seastars
[No author name available]. 2000. Quick takes...Enterprise Products Partners buys Coral Energy unit. Oil and Gas Journal 98:9. 2000 Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pipelines
Courtney, C. A. and A. T. White. 2000. Integrated coastal management in the Philippines: Testing new paradigms. Coastal Management 28:39-53. 2000 Philippines Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Resource Use Management
Letourneur, Y., P. Labrosse, and M. Kulbicki. 2000. Spatial distribution of standing stocks of reefal demersal fish of commercial interest and fishing effort in the Northern Province of New Caledonia (Western Pacific) [Distribution spatiale des stocks de poissons recifaux demersaux d'interet commercial et. Oceanologica Acta 23:595-606. 2000 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Chesney, E. J., D. M. Baltz, and R. G. Thomas. 2000. Louisiana estuarine and coastal fisheries and habitats: Perspectives from a fish's eye view. Ecological Applications 10:350-366. 2000 South & Central America; Mexico Review Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Artificial Habitat; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Ran, E. 2000. Petrel 5424 3-D sonar. Sea Technology 41:42-45. 2000 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Coastal Defense; Military
Schrope, M. 2000. Aquarium group fights 'cyanide fishing'... Nature 408:9-Aug. 2000 Finfish Harvest
Todorov, J. R., A. Y. Chistoserdov, and J. Y. Aller. 2000. Molecular analysis of microbial communities in mobile deltaic muds of Southeastern Papua New Guinea. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 33:147-155. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan; Papua New Guinea; Europe Sediment
[No author name available]. 2000. Santos Basin project to pay royalties on gas it flares. Latin American Energy Alert 7:7. 2000 Field Study & Monitoring Pipelines; Seastars
Kim, K., C. D. Harvell, P. D. Kim, G. W. Smith, and S. M. Merkel. 2000. Fungal disease resistance of caribbean sea fan corals (Gorgonia spp.). Marine Biology 136:259-267. 2000 South & Central America; Florida; Bahamas; Caribbean Octocoral; Pathogens
Kim, K., P. D. Kim, A. P. Alker, and C. D. Harvell. 2000. Chemical resistance of gorgonian corals against fungal infections. Marine Biology 137:393-401. 2000 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Octocoral; Pathogens
Carbone, F. and G. Accordi. 2000. The Indian Ocean Coast of Somalia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41:141-159. 2000 Indian Ocean; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; India Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Sediment; Substrate
Samoilys, M. A. and G. Carlos. 2000. Determining methods of underwater visual census for estimating the abundance of coral reef fishes. Environmental Biology of Fishes 57:289-304. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Cuba; Fiji Fish; Fishing Sector; Small Herbivorous Fish
Trexler, J. C. and J. Travis. 2000. Can marine protected areas restore and conserve stock attributes of reef fishes? Bulletin of Marine Science 66:853-873. 2000 South & Central America; Mexico Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Plankton
Lindeman, K. C., R. Pugliese, G. T. Waugh, and J. S. Ault. 2000. Developmental patterns within a multispecies reef fishery: Management applications for essential fish habitats and protected areas. Bulletin of Marine Science 66:929-956. 2000 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Civil Engineering & Construction; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish
Mitchell, S., S. Khan, R. Maharaj, and E. Robinson. 2000. Carbonate beach sediment composition at a tourist beach, Negril, Jamaica. Pages 204-217 in Carbonate Beaches 2000. 2000 Jamaica Algae; Bivalves; Calcareous Macroalgae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Sediment; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Cesar, H .J. S., M. C. Ohman, P. Espeut, and M. Honkanen. 2000. An economic valuation of Portland Bight, Jamaica: an integrated terrestrial and marine protected area. Working paper 00/03. Institute for Environmental Studie, Free University, Amsterdam. 2000 Jamaica Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation; Wetlands
Maloney, K. A., L. A. Maguire, and E. A. Lind. 2000. NEUSE RIVER ESTUARY MODELING AND MONITORING PROJECT STAGE 1: ASSESSMENT OF STAKEHOLDER INTEREST AND CONCERNS TO INFORM LONG-TERM MODELING. 50237, Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, Durham, (NC, USA). 2000 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Nutrients; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
White, A. T., M. Ross, and M. Flores. 2000. Benefits and costs of coral reef and wetland management, Olango Island, Philippines. Pages 215-227 in H. S. J. Cesar, editor. Collected essays on the economics of coral reefs. CORDIO, Kalmar, Sweden. 2000 Philippines Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation; Wetlands
Chapman, M. R. and D. L. Kramer. 2000. Movements of fishes within and among fringing coral reefs in Barbados. Environmental Biology of Fishes 57:24-Nov. 2000 Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Boak, L., J. McGrath, and L. A. Jackson. 2000. IENCE - A case study - The northern gold coast beach protection strategy. Pages 3710-3717 in Coastal Engineering 2000 - Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Coastal Engineering, ICCE 2000. 2000 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Engineering; Infrastructure; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Fleming, C. and B. Hamer. 2000. Successful implementation of an offshore reef scheme. Pages 1813-1820 in Coastal Engineering 2000 - Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Coastal Engineering, ICCE 2000. 2000 United Kingdom Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Engineering; Fish
Hoitink, A. J. F. 2000. Three dimensional velocity structure and suspended sediments at coral reefs in Teluk Banten, Indonesia. Pages 3345-3358 in Coastal Engineering 2000 - Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Coastal Engineering, ICCE 2000. 2000 Java; Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Coastal Engineering; Finfish Harvest; Salinity; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Gobert, B. 2000. Comparative assessment of multispecies reef fish resources in the Lesser Antilles. Fisheries Research 44:247-260. 2000 Antilles; Martinique Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Robichaud, D., W. Hunte, and M. R. Chapman. 2000. Factors affecting the catchability of reef fishes in Antillean fish traps. Bulletin of Marine Science 67:831-844. 2000 Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Office of Satellite Data Processing and, DI ST RI BU TI ON. 2000. 1998 animations of coral bleaching hotspots from NOAA/NESDIS. 1998 animations of coral bleaching hotspots from NOAA/NESDIS. 2000 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Indian Ocean; India; Bahrain Field Study & Monitoring
Bullard, S. A., G. W. Benz, R. M. Overstreet, E. H. Williams Jr., and J. Hemdal. 2000. Six new host records and an updated list of wild hosts for Neobenedenia melleni (MacCallum) (Monogenea: Capsalidae). Comparative Parasitology 67:190-196. 2000 South & Central America; Florida; Puerto Rico; India; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Aquaculture; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Haynes, D. and J. E. Johnson. 2000. Organochlorine, heavy metal and polyaromatic hydrocarbon pollutant concentrations in the Great Barrier Reef (Australia) environment: A review. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41:267-278. 2000 Australia Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics
Stanley, D. R. and C. A. Wilson. 2000. Variation in the density and species composition of fishes associated with three petroleum platforms using dual beam hydroacoustics. Fisheries Research 47:161-172. 2000 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector
Haynes, D. and K. Michalek-Wagner. 2000. Water quality in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area: Past perspectives, current issues and new research directions. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41:428-434. 2000 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Sediment; Toxics
Collina-Girard, J. 2000. The submerged palaeolagoons of Marie-Galante Island (French West Indies) [Les paleolagons submerges de l'ile de Marie-Galante (Antilles)]. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie de Sciences - Serie IIa: Sciences de la Terre et des Planetes 331:367-372. 2000 Antilles Coastal Defense; Military
Haynes, D., J. Muller, and S. Carter. 2000. Pesticide and herbicide residues in sediments and seagrasses from the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area and Queensland Coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41:279-287. 2000 Australia Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Seagrasses; Sediment
Diamant, A., A. Banet, M. Ucko, A. Colorni, W. Knibb, and H. Kvitt. 2000. Mycobacteriosis in wild rabbitfish Siganus rivulatus associated with cage farming in the Gulf of Eilat, Red Sea. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 39:211-219. 2000 Agriculture; Aquaculture; Fish; Pathogens
Pilling, G. M., R. S. Millner, M. W. Easey, C. C. Mees, S. Rathacharen, and R. Azemia. 2000. Validation of annual growth increments in the otoliths of the lethrinid Lethrinus mahsena and the lutjanid Aprion virescens from sites in the tropical Indian Ocean, with notes on the nature of growth increments in Pristipomoides filamentosus. Fishery Bulletin 98:600-611. 2000 Indian Ocean; Seychelles; Mauritius; India Fish; Fishing Sector
Sancho, G. 2000. Predatory behaviors of Caranx melampygus (Carangidae) feeding on spawning reef fishes: A novel ambushing strategy. Bulletin of Marine Science 66:487-496. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Johnston Atoll Substrate
Okamoto, MI NE O, SU SU MU Morita, and TA KA O Sato. 2000. Fundamental study to estimate fish biomass around coral reef using 3-dimensional underwater video system. Pages 1389-1392 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2000 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Housing
Day, E. and G. M. Branch. 2000. Evidence for a positive relationship between juvenile abalone Haliotis midae and the sea urchin Parechinus angulosus in the South-Western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 145-156. 2000 South Africa Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins
Chan, T.T.C. and Y. Sadovy. 2000. Profile of the marine aquarium fish trade in Hong Kong. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 2:197-213. 2000 Global Review Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Designate Protected Species; Invertivorous Fish; Live Collection; Small Herbivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Cesar, H. S. J. 2000. Coral reefs: their functions, threats and economic value. Pages 14-39 in Cesar, H. S. J., editor. Collected essays on the economics of coral reefs. CORDIO, Sweden. 2000 Global Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Sediment; Valuation
Crowder, L. B., S. J. Lyman, W. F. Figueira, and J. Priddy. 2000. Source-sink population dynamics and the problem of siting marine reserves. Bulletin of Marine Science 66:799-820. 2000 Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Jeng, W.-L., C.-F. Dai, and K.-L. Fan. 2000. Taiwan Strait. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 499-512. 2000 China; Taiwan Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Non-point Source Runoff; Seawater Flow; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetlands
Labrosse, P., R. Fichez, R. Farman, and T. Adams. 2000. New Caledonia. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 723-736. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia; Europe; France Agriculture; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Commercial Fishing Boats; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Sea Turtles; Special Use Permitting; Valuation
Maragos, J. E. 2000. Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 791-812. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Beaches & Nature Parks; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Golf Course Operations; Hotel & Food Services; Invasive Species; Marine Birds; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Military; Pathogens; Recreational Fishing; Scientific Research; Sea Turtles; Sediment; Special Use Permitting; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands
Myers, M. and M. Whittington. 2000. Mozambique. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 99-112. 2000 Indian Ocean; Mozambique; Madagascar; India Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges
Oakley, S., N. Pilcher, and E. Wood. 2000. Borneo. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 361-379. 2000 Global; Malaysia; Indonesia Agriculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Forestry; Infrastructure; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment; Solid Waste Disposal; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management; Whales & Dolphins
O'Hara, T. D. 2000. Victoria province, Australia. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 661-671. 2000 Australia; Europe Agriculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Commercial Fisheries; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Nutrients; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses; Sediment; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Wetlands
Price, A. R. G. and S. Clark. 2000. The Maldives. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 199-219. 2000 Global; Seychelles; Maldives Climate; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Infrastructure; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Microorganisms; Seagrasses; Seastars; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Price, A. R. G. and J. E. Maragos. 2000. The Marshall Islands. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 773-789. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India; Micronesia; Marshall Islands Algae; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Military; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Seastars; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Quod, J.-P., O. Naim, and F. Abdourazi. 2000. The Comoros archipelago. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 243-252. 2000 Global; Indian Ocean; Mozambique; Comoros; Mayotte; India Agriculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Mangroves; Sediment
Schleyer, M. H. and B. J. Tomalin. 2000. Damage on South African coral reefs and an assessment of their sustainable diving capacity using a fisheries approach. Bulletin of Marine Science 67:1025-1042. 2000 South Africa Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Octocoral; Stony Coral
Grace, M., M. Bahnick, and L. Jones. 2000. A preliminary study of the marine biota at Navassa Island, Caribbean Sea. Marine Fisheries Review 62:43-48. 2000 South & Central America; Caribbean Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Fishing Sector
Okamoto, MI NE O, TA KA O Sato, and SU SU MU Morita. 2000. Basic coral distribution data for long term monitoring at Sekisei Lagoon. Pages 1383-1387 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2000 Global; Japan Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Plankton
Newman, S. J., M. Cappo, and D. MC B. Williams. 2000. Age, growth, mortality rates and corresponding yield estimates using otoliths of the tropical red snappers, Lutjanus erythropterus, L. malabaricus and L. sebae, from the central Great Barrier Reef. Fisheries Research 48:14-Jan. 2000 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Cervi, G. A. 2000. War wrecks and the environment: Who's responsible for the legacy of war? A case study: Solomon Islands and the United States. Journal of Environmental Law and Litigation 14:351-399. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Japan; Solomon Islands Finfish Harvest; Tourism & Recreation
Nystrom, M., C. Folke, and F. Moberg. 2000. Coral reef disturbance and resilience in a human-dominated environment. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15:413-417. 2000 Finfish Harvest; Tourism & Recreation
Kumaraguru, A. K. 2000. Coral reefs in the Gulf of Mannar and the conservation strategies required. Ecology, Environment and Conservation 6:12-Jan. 2000 India Coastal Development; Tourism & Recreation
Rao, D. V. S. 2000. The Bay of Bengal. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 269-284. 2000 Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Mitigation; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Rao, D. V. S. and F. Al-Yamani. 2000. The Arabian Gulf. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 16-Jan. 2000 Indian Ocean; India Dam Construction & Maintenance; Fish; Invasive Species; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Nutrients; Plankton; Scientific Research; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Richardson, B. J., P. K. S. Lam, and R. S. S. Wu. 2000. Hong Kong. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 535-547. 2000 China Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Land & Air Transportation; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Wastewater Discharge
Schleyer, M. H., L. E. Beckley, S. T. Fennessy, P. J. Fielding, A. Govender, B. Q. Mann, W. D. Robertson, B. J. Tomalin, and R. P. Van Der Elst. 2000. South Africa. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 133-144. 2000 South Africa Fishing Sector; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Sheppard, C. R. C. 2000. The Chagos Archipelago, Central Indian Ocean. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 221-232. 2000 Indian Ocean; Chagos Archipelago; India Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Military; Sea Temperatures; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation
Sheppard, C. R. C. 2000. The Red Sea. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 35-45. 2000 Indian Ocean; India Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Mangroves; Nutrients; Primary Production; Seagrasses; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Special Use Permitting; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waste Management Policies
Turner, J., C. Jago, D. Daby, and R. Klaus. 2000. The Mascarene Region. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 253-268. 2000 Indian Ocean; Mauritius; Reunion; India Agriculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands
Vuki, V. C., S. Appana, M. R. Naqasima, and M. Vuki. 2000. Vanuatu. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 737-749. 2000 Vanuatu Review; Field Study & Monitoring Banks, Credit, & Securities; Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Forestry; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Seastars; Snails & Conch; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies
Vuki, V. C., L. P. Zann, M. Naqasima, and M. Vuki. 2000. The Fiji Islands. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 751-764. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Fiji Corallivorous Fish; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Seastars; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Wilson, S. C. 2000. Northwest Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 17-33. 2000 India; United Arab Emirates; Iran; Oman Agriculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Tankers; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Water Depth & Sea Level; Whales & Dolphins
Cesar, H. S. J. 2000. Impacts of the 1998 coral bleaching event on tourism in El Nido, Philippines. U.S. Department of State, East Asia and Pacific Environmental Initiative (US-EAP-EI)/Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI. 2000 Philippines Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Hotel & Food Services; Tourism & Recreation
Larson, M. and N. C. Kraus. 2000. Representation of non-erodible (hard) bottoms in beach profile change modeling. Journal of Coastal Research 16:14-Jan. 2000 Lab Study; Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Charlier, R. H. and C. P. De Meyer. 2000. Ask nature to protect and build-up beaches. Journal of Coastal Research 16:385-390. 2000 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Hotel & Food Services; Storms & Hurricanes
De Forges, B. R., J. A. Koslow, and G. C. B. Pooro. 2000. Diversity and endemism of the benthic seamount fauna in the southwest Pacific. Nature 405:944-947. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii Review Finfish Harvest
Rajasuriya, A. and A. Premaratne. 2000. Sri Lanka. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 175-187. 2000 Indian Ocean; Cuba; Sri Lanka; India Agriculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Chemical Use Regulations; Climate; Discharges; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Echinoderms; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Infrastructure; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Wetlands
Ramachandran, S. 2000. Southeast India. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 161-173. 2000 India Dam Construction & Maintenance; Fishing Sector; Irrigation; Mangroves; Seawater Flow; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Wilson, S. C. and R. Klaus. 2000. The Gulf of Aden. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 47-61. 2000 Indian Ocean; Somalia; India; Djibouti Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Beaches & Nature Parks; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Infrastructure; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Whales & Dolphins
Wong, P. P. 2000. Malacca Strait including Singapore and Johore Straits. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 331-344. 2000 Thailand; Malaysia; Southeast Asia; Indonesia Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Commercial Fisheries; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Solid Waste Disposal; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands
Zann, L. P. 2000. Northeastern Australia: The Great Barrier Reef region. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 611-628. 2000 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Recreational Fishing; Seagrasses; Seastars; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Zann, L. P. 2000. The Australian Region: An overview. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 579-592. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Agriculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sea Temperatures; Seagrasses; Sediment
Zann, L. P. and V. Vuki. 2000. The South Western Pacific Islands region. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 705-722. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Vanuatu; New Caledonia; Fiji; Tonga; Samoa; American Samoa Model Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Seastars; Sediment; Wetlands
Wang, H.-F., X.-T. Ji, and Y.-X. Ma. 2000. Ertan formation of the Ertan region, Miyi, Sichuan. Journal of the Chengdu Institute of Technology 27:23-30. 2000 Coal Mining
Sanderson, P. G., I. Eliot, B. Hegge, and S. Maxwell. 2000. Regional variation of coastal morphology in southwestern Australia: A synthesis. Geomorphology 34:73-88. 2000 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Manjubala, I., M. Sivakumar, T. S. Sampath Kumar, and K. Panduranga Rao. 2000. Synthesis and characterization of functional gradient materials using Indian corals. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 11:705-709. 2000 India Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sheehy Daniel, J. 2000. Developing methods for assessing contaminant bioavailability on a coral atoll. Pages 509-515 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2000 Marshall Islands Field Study & Monitoring Discharges; Fish; Military; Ports & Harbors
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. International Trade in Coral and Coral Reef Species: The Role of the United States. Report of the Trade Subgroup of the International Working Group to the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, Washington, D.C. 2000 Global Agriculture; Algae; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fishing Sector; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sea Turtles; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral
Waldman, M. and Y. Shevah. 2000. Biological diversity - An overview. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 123:299-310. 2000 Global Agriculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Landscape Conservation & Restoration
Normile, D. 2000. Reef migrations, bleaching effects stir the air in bali. Science 290:1282-1283. 2000 Indonesia Fish; Hotel & Food Services
Karczmarski, L. 2000. Conservation and management of humpback dolphins: The South African perspective. ORYX 34:207-216. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India; South Africa Model Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
Tong, L., Q. Tang, and D. Pauly. 2000. A preliminary approach on mass-balance ecopath model of the Bohai Sea. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology 11:435-440. 2000 South & Central America; Caribbean Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Pinnegar, J. K., N. V. C. Polunin, P. Francour, F. Badalamenti, R. Chemello, M.-L. Harmelin-Vivien, B. Hereu, M. Milazzo, M. Zabala, G. D'Anna, and C. Pipitone. 2000. Trophic cascades in benthic marine ecosystems: Lessons for fisheries and protected-area management. Environmental Conservation 27:179-200. 2000 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); India; Caribbean Review Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Marine Worms; Pathogens; Sea Urchins
Spash, C. L. 2000. Assessing the benefits of improving coral reef biodiversity: the contingent valuation method. Pages 40-54 in Cesar, H. S. J., editor. Collected essays on the economics of coral reefs. CORDIO, Kalmar, Sweden. 2000 Jamaica Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Guilderson, T. P., D. P. Schrag, E. Goddard, M. Kashgarian, G. M. Wellington, and B. K. Linsley. 2000. Southwest subtropical pacific surface water radiocarbon in a high-resolution coral record. Radiocarbon 42:249-256. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii Model Surface & Groundwater Flow
Bohnsack J. A., B. Causey, M. P. Crosby, R. B. Griffis, M. A. Hixon, T. F. Hourigan, K. H. Koltes, J. E. Maragos, A. Simons, and J. T. Tilmant. 2000. Proc 9th Int Coral Reef Symp. 2000 Model Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Turek, J. G. 2000. Science and technology needs for marine fishery habitat restoration. Pages 1707-1712 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2000 Fishing Sector; Ports & Harbors
Baticados, D. B. and R. F. Agbayani. 2000. Co-management in marine fisheries in Malalison Island, central Philippines. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 7:343-355. 2000 Southeast Asia; Philippines Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Dempsey, M. J., W. E. Mathieson, and T. A. Winters. 2000. Learning from Offshore Decommissioning Practices in Europe and the USA. Pages 741-746 in SPE - Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Europe Internet & Telecommunications; Special Use Permitting
Paull, C. K., A. C. Neumann, B. A. Am Ende, W. Ussler Iii, and N. M. Rodriguez. 2000. Lithoherms on the Florida-Hatteras slope. Marine Geology 166:83-101. 2000 Florida Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Coastal Defense; Military; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Bastida-Zavala, J. R., A. U. Beltran-Torres, M. A. Gutierrez-Aguirre, and G. De La Fuente-Betancourt. 2000. Evaluacion rapida de los arrecifes parche de Majagual, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 48:137-143. 2000 South & Central America; Mexico Algae; Coralline Algae; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Chapman, F. A. 2000. Ornamental fish culture, freshwater. Pages 602-610 in Stickney, R. R., editor. Encyclopedia of aquaculture. John Wiley & Sons, York, NY. 2000 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. The National Action Plan to Conserve Coral Reefs. Washington, D.C. 2000 Global Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Agriculture; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
LeDrew Ellsworth, F., MI KE Wulder, and HE AT HE R Holden. 2000. Change detection of satellite imagery for reconnaissance of stressed tropical corals. Pages 2678-2680 in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). 2000 Fiji Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Finfish Harvest; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining Policies; Shoreline Armoring; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Labrosse, P., Y. Letourneur, M. Kulbicki, J. R. Paddon. 2000. Fish stock assessment of the northern New Caledonian lagoons: 3 - fishing pressure, potential yields and impact on management options. Aquatic Living Resource 13:91-98. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; New Caledonia Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Letourneur, Y., M. Kulbicki, and P. Labrosse. 2000. Fish stock assessment of the northern New Caledonian lagoons: 1 - Structure and stocks of coral reef fish communities. Aquatic Living Resource 13:65-76. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean; New Caledonia Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
DIXON, J. A., L. F. SCURA, and T. VAN�T HOF. 2000. An Economic and Ecological Analysis of the Bonaire Marine Park. 2000 South & Central America; Caribbean Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Sabti, H., M. M. Hossain, R. R. Brooks, and R. B. Stewart. 2000. The current environmental impact of base-metal mining at the Tui Mine, Te Aroha, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 30:197-207. 2000 Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Drinking Water Supply; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Johnson, A. K. L. and S. P. Ebert. 2000. Quantifying inputs of pesticides to the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park - A case study in the Herbert River catchment of North-East Queensland. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41:302-309. 2000 Australia Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Landscape Changes; Marine Protected Areas; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Gladstone, W. 2000. The ecological and social basis for management of a Red Sea marine-protected area. Ocean and Coastal Management 43:1015-1032. 2000 Saudi Arabia Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Infrastructure; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Military; Seagrasses; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation
Stevens, J. D., R. Bonfil, N. K. Dulvy, and P. A. Walker. 2000. The effects of fishing on sharks, rays, and chimaeras (chondrichthyans), and the implications for marine ecosystems. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:476-494. 2000 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Venezuela; Pacific Ocean Review; Model Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Palop del Rio, A., C. Labayru Echeverria, L. Lopez-Urrutia Lorente, C. Avellaneda Martinez, and A. Gomez Nieto. 2000. Application of bioluminescence for bacteriuria screening [Bioluminiscencia aplicada al cribado de bacteriuria]. Quimica Clinica 19:395-398. 2000 Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sediment
Hau'ofa, E. 2000. The ocean in us. Pages 32-43 in Pacific Policy Paper of the Australian National University, National Centre for Development Studies. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean Finfish Harvest
Gillanders, B. M. and M. J. Kingsford. 2000. Elemental fingerprints of otoliths of fish may distinguish estuarine 'nursery' habitats. Marine Ecology Progress Series 201:273-286. 2000 Fish; Fishing Sector
Williams, I. D. and N. V. C. Polunin. 2000. Differences between protected and unprotected reefs of the western Caribbean in attributes preferred by dive tourists. Environmental Conservation 27:382-391. 2000 South & Central America; Cuba; Jamaica; Belize; Caribbean; France Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation
Hernandez-Delgado, E. A. and A. M. Sabat. 2000. Ecological status of essential fish habitats through an anthropogenic environmental stress gradient in Puerto Rican coral reefs. Pages 457-470 in Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute. 2000 South & Central America; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Stony Coral
Hodgson, G. and J. A. Dixon. 2000. El Nido revisited: ecotourism, logging and fisheries. Pages 55-68 in H. S. J. Cesar, editor. Collected essays on the economics of coral reefs. CORDIO, Kalmar, Sweden. 2000 Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Tourism & Recreation
Wilks, J. 2000. Scuba diving and snorkeling safety on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. Journal of Travel Medicine 7:283-289. 2000 Australia; Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Tuya, F. C., M. L. Soboil, and J. Kido. 2000. An assessment of the effectiveness of marine protected areas in the San Juan Islands, Washington, USA. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:1218-1226. 2000 China Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Marine Protected Areas
Karalis, T., L. Gupta, M. Chu, B. A. Campbell, M. F. Capra, and P. A. Maywood. 2000. Three clusters of ciguatera poisoning: Clinical manifestations and public health implications. Medical Journal of Australia 172:160-162. 2000 Fish; Health Policies; Special Use Permitting
[No author name available]. 2000. United States...Shell, Bechtel to boost InterGen power business. Petroleum Intelligence Weekly 39:12. 2000 Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pipelines
[No author name available]. 2000. United Kingdom...Oil rig decommissioning sparks debate. Petroleum Intelligence Weekly 39:8. 2000 United Kingdom Oil & Gas Rigs
Littler, D. S., M. M. Littler, and B. L. Brooks. 2000. Checklist of marine algae and seagrasses from the ponds of the Pelican Cays, Belize. Atoll Research Bulletin 153-206. 2000 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Belize; Caribbean Algae; Commercial Fisheries; Fleshy Macroalgae; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Galzin, R. and M. Harmelin-Vivien. 2000. Ecology of coral reef fish [ecologie des poissons des recifs coralliens]. Oceanis 26:465-495. 2000 Review Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sediment
Lecaillon, G., V. Dufour, and P. Lenfant. 2000. Coral reef fisheries. Oceanis 26:543-569. 2000 Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Molluscs; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Tourism & Recreation
Allred Lloyd, G., H. Jones Martin, J. Sheats Matthew, and W. Davis Anthony. 2000. Computed Tomography of X-ray images using neural networks. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 4055:460-468. 2000 Model Biotechnology Research & Development
[No author name available]. 2000. Barrel notes/Gas...Coral (Shell) starts up gas pipeline, linking US and Pemex grids. Petrostrategies 15:9. 2000 Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pipelines; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Andrew, N. L. and A. L. O'Neill. 2000. Large-scale patterns in habitat structure on subtidal rocky reefs in New South Wales. Marine and Freshwater Research 51:255-263. 2000 Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins
Willis, T. J. and R. C. Babcock. 2000. A baited underwater video system for the determination of relative density of carnivorous reef fish. Marine and Freshwater Research 51:755-763. 2000 Cuba Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Thornton, WI N and JA ME S Wiseman. 2000. Current trends and future technologies for the decommissioning of offshore platforms. Pages 283-292 in Proceedings of the Annual Offshore Technology Conference. 2000 South & Central America; Mexico Review Pipelines
Koslow, J. A., G. W. Boehlert, J. D. M. Gordon, R. L. Haedrich, P. Lorance, and N. Parin. 2000. Continental slope and deep-sea fisheries: Implications for a fragile ecosystem. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:548-557. 2000 Global Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Zeller, D. C. and G. R. Russ. 2000. Population estimates and size structure of Plectropomus leopardus (Pisces: Serranidae) in relation to no-fishing zones: Mark-release-resighting and underwater visual census. Marine and Freshwater Research 51:221-228. 2000 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Reef Environmental Education, FO UN DA TI ON. 2000. Reef Environmental Education Foundation survey data. Reef Environmental Education Foundation survey data. 2000 Global Index or Indicator Environmental Education & Outreach; Social Organizations
Australian Institute of Marine, SC IE NC E. 2000. Reef monitoring: interactive data summaries for the Great Barrier Reef. Reef monitoring: interactive data summaries for the Great Barrier Reef. 2000 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Seastars
Koenig, C. C., F. C. Coleman, C. B. Grimes, G. R. Fitzhugh, K. M. Scanlon, C. T. Gledhill, and M. Grace. 2000. Protection of fish spawning habitat for the conservation of warm-temperate reef-fish fisheries of shelf-edge reefs of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science 66:593-616. 2000 Florida GIS & Maps Complex Habitat & Resources; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Goddard Space Flight, CE NT ER. 2000. Remote sensing of coral reefs. Remote sensing of coral reefs. 2000 Global Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Collaboration & Partnering
Coleman, F. C., C. C. Koenig, G. R. Huntsman, J. A. Musick, A. M. Eklund, J. C. McGovern, R. W. Chapman, G. R. Sedberry, and C. B. Grimes. 2000. Long-lived reef fishes: The grouper-snapper complex. Fisheries 25:14-21. 2000 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish
Rice, M. A., A. Valliere, and A. Caporelli. 2000. A review of shellfish restoration and management projects in Rhode Island. Journal of Shellfish Research 19:401-408. 2000 Review Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Commercial Fisheries; Docks & Marinas; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Petroleum Spills; Ports & Harbors; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Sanders, D. and R. Hofling. 2000. Carbonate deposition in mixed siliclastic-carbonate environments on top of an orogenic wedge (Late Cretaceous, Northern Calcareous Alp, Austria). Sedimentary Geology 137:127-146. 2000 Beaches & Nature Parks; Bivalves; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Ochoa-Rivera, V., A. Granados-Barba, and V. Solis-Weiss. 2000. The polychaete cryptofauna from Cozumel Island, Mexican Caribbean. Bulletin of Marine Science 67:137-146. 2000 South & Central America; Cuba; Caribbean; Mexico Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Pauly, D., V. Christensen, R. Froese, and M. L. Palomares. 2000. Fishing down aquatic food webs. American Scientist 88:46-51. 2000 Finfish Harvest; Whales & Dolphins
Hajkowicz, S., M. Young, S. Wheeler, D. MacDonald, and D. Young. 2000. Supporting Decisions: Understanding Natural Resource Management Assessment Techniques - A report to the Land and Water Resources Research and Development Corporation. Primary Industries and Resources SA, Adelaide (South Australia). 2000 Australia Agriculture; Drinking Water Supply; Resource Use Management; Salinity
Hernandez-Delgado, E. A., L. Alicea-Rodriguez, C. G. Toledo, and A. M. Sabat. 2000. Baseline characterization of coral reefs and fish communities within the proposed Culebra Island Marine Fishery Reserve, Puerto Rico. Pages 537-555 in Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute. 2000 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Index or Indicator Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Hydrocoral; Octocoral; Seagrasses; Stony Coral
Pitcher, T. J., R. Watson, N. Haggan, S. Guenette, R. Kennish, U. R. Sumaila, D. Cook, K. Wilson, and A. Leung. 2000. Marine reserves and the restoration of fisheries and marine ecosystems in the South China Sea. Bulletin of Marine Science 66:543-566. 2000 China Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Thorburn, C. C. 2000. Changing customary marine resource management practice and institutions: The case of Sasi Lola in the Kei Islands, Indonesia. World Development 28:1461-1479. 2000 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Designate Protected Species; Finfish Harvest; Housing; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Resource Use Management; Special Use Permitting
Wilson, M. E. J., D. W. J. Bosence, and A. Limbong. 2000. Tertiary syntectonic carbonate platform development in Indonesia. Sedimentology 47:395-419. 2000 Indonesia Model; GIS & Maps Forestry; Sediment
Coral Reef, AL LI AN CE. 2000. The CORAL diver network: diver report reef conditions on-line. The CORAL diver network: diver report reef conditions on-line. 2000 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India; Caribbean; Mexico Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Shafer, C. S. and G. J. Inglis. 2000. Influence of social, biophysical, and managerial conditions on tourism experiences within the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. Environmental Management 26:73-87. 2000 Australia Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Infrastructure; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Shivlani, M. P. and D. O. Suman. 2000. Dive operator use patterns in the designated no-take zones of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS). Environmental Management 25:647-659. 2000 Florida GIS & Maps Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Landuse Management; Tourism & Recreation
Adey, H. W. 2000. Coral reef ecosystems and human health: Biodiversity counts! Ecosystem Health 6:227-236. 2000 Global Monetary Valuation; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Cooke, A. J., N. V. C. Polunin, and K. Moce. 2000. Comparative assessment of stakeholder management in traditional Fijian fishing-grounds. Environmental Conservation 27:291-299. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Fiji Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Souter, D. W. and O. Linden. 2000. The health and future of coral reef systems. Ocean and Coastal Management 43:657-688. 2000 Review Biotechnology Research & Development; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Sea Temperatures; Seastars; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Ng, S. and J. Gregory. 2000. An outbreak of ciguatera fish poisoning in Victoria. Communicable diseases intelligence 24:344-346. 2000 Fish; Hotel & Food Services; Medical Centers; Planktivorous Fish
McConnaughey, R. A., K. L. Mier, and C. B. Dew. 2000. An examination of chronic trawling effects on soft-bottom benthos of the eastern Bering Sea. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:1377-1388. 2000 Anemones & Zooanthids; Bivalves; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octocoral; Seastars; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
McManus, J. W., L. A. B. Menez, K. N. Kesner-Reyes, S. G. Vergara, and S. M. C. Ablan. 2000. Coral reef fishing and coral-algal phase shifts: Implications for global reef status. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:572-578. 2000 Global Remote Sensing Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral
Moran, M. J. and P. C. Stephenson. 2000. Effects of otter trawling on macrobenthos and management of demersal scalefish fisheries on the continental shelf of north-western Australia. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:510-516. 2000 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Foale, S. and M. Macintyre. 2000. Dynamic and flexible aspects of land and marine tenure at West Nggela: Implications for marine resource management. Oceania 71:30-45. 2000 Model Finfish Harvest; Invertebrates; Resource Use Management
Edinger, E. N., J. Kolasa, and M. J. Risk. 2000. Biogeographic variation in coral species diversity on coral reefs in three regions of Indonesia. Diversity and Distributions 6:113-127. 2000 Java; Indonesia Finfish Harvest; Stony Coral
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological, LA BO RA TO RY. 2000. SEAKEYS/C-MAN bulletins and historical data. SEAKEYS/C-MAN bulletins and historical data. 2000 Global
Adey, W. H., T. A. McConnaughey, A. M. Small, and D. M. Spoon. 2000. Coral reefs: Endangered, biodiverse, genetic resources. Pages 33-42 Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 3. 2000 Global Lab Study Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mumby, P. J. 2000. Remote sensing of tropical coastal resources: Progress and fresh challenges for the new millennium. Pages 283-291 Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 3. 2000 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Complex Habitat & Resources; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Pitcher, C. R., I. R. Poiner, B. J. Hill, and C. Y. Burridge. 2000. Implications of the effects of trawling on sessile megazoobenthos on a tropical shelf in northeastern Australia. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:1359-1368. 2000 Australia Review; Model Finfish Harvest; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Riegl, B. and W. E. Piller. 2000. Mapping of benthic habitats in northern Safaga Bay (Red Sea, Egypt): A tool for proactive management. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 10:127-140. 2000 Egypt GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Docks & Marinas; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mangroves; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Pattengill-Semmens, C., S. R. Gittings, and T. Shyka. 2000. Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary: a rapid assessment of coral, fish, and algae using the AGRRA protocol. Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series MSD-00-3. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Marine Sanctuaries Division, Silver Spring, MD. 2000 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Social Organizations
Duguy, N., H. Petite, and E. Arnaud. 2000. Biomaterials and osseous regeneration [Biomateriaux et regeneration osseuse]. Annales de Chirurgie Plastique et Esthetique 45:364-376. 2000 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Dudgeon, C. L., N. Gust, and D. Blair. 2000. No apparent genetic basis to demographic differences in scarid fishes across continental shelf of the great barrier reef. Marine Biology 137:1059-1066. 2000 Australia Corallivorous Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish
Nhan, D. D., N. X. Duc, D. H. Duong, N. T. Tiep, and B. C. Que. 2000. Vietnam and adjacent Bien Dong (South China Sea). Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 561-568. 2000 China; Vietnam Agriculture; Algae; Aquaculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Plankton; Salinity
Bunce, L., K. Gustavson, J. Williams, and M. Miller. 1999. The human side of reef management: A case study analysis of the socioeconomic framework of Montego Bay Marine Park. Coral Reefs 18:369-380. 1999 Jamaica Hotel & Food Services; Marine Protected Areas; Non-Monetary Valuation
Weisler, M. I. 1999. The Antiquity of Aroid Pit Agriculture and Significance of Buried a Horizons on Pacific Atolls. Geoarchaeology - An International Journal 14:621-654. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii; Marshall Islands GIS & Maps Agriculture; Sediment; Snails & Conch
Heise, R. J. and S. A. Bortone. 1999. Estuarine artificial reefs to enhance seagrass planting and provide fish habitat. Gulf of Mexico Science 17:59-74. 1999 Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation
Chen, Y. and S. J. Kennelly. 1999. Growth of spanner crabs, Ranina ranina, off the east coast of Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 50:319-325. 1999 Australia Model Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Goth, A. and U. Vogel. 1999. Notes on breeding and conservation of birds on Niuafo'ou Island, Kingdom of Tonga. Pacific Conservation Biology 5:103-114. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii; Tonga Landscape Conservation & Restoration
Hawkins, J. P., C. M. Roberts, T. Van't Hof, K. De Meyer, J. Tratalos, and C. Aldam. 1999. Effects of recreational scuba diving on Caribbean coral and fish communities. Conservation Biology 13:888-897. 1999 South & Central America; Cuba; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Pathogens; Physical Damage; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Swearer, S. E., J. E. Caselle, D. W. Lea, and R. R. Warner. 1999. Larval retention and recruitment in an island population of a coral-reef fish. Nature 402:799-802. 1999 Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Nutrients
Tegner, M. J. and P. K. Dayton. 1999. Ecosystem effects of fishing. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 14:261-262. 1999 Finfish Harvest
Powis, T. G., N. Stanchly, C. D. White, P. F. Healy, J. J. Awe, and F. Longstaffe. 1999. A reconstruction of Middle Preclassic Maya subsistence economy at Cahal Pech, Belize. Antiquity 73:364-376. 1999 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Agriculture; Corallivorous Fish; Land & Air Transportation; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Snails & Conch; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Mead, S. and K. Black. 1999. A multipurpose, artificial reef at Mount Maunganui Beach, New Zealand. Coastal Management 27:355-365. 1999 Artificial Habitat; Construction Codes & Projects; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Nansingh, P. and S. Jurawan. 1999. Environmental sensitivity of a tropical coastline (Trinidad, West Indies) to oil spills. Spill Science and Technology Bulletin 5:161-172. 1999 South & Central America; Trinidad; Caribbean Index or Indicator Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills
Feary, D., A. Hine, and M. Malone. 1999. Cool-water 'reefs', possible hydrogen sulphide/methane clathrates, and brine circulation - Preliminary results of Leg 182 drilling in the Great Australian Bight. JOIDES Journal 25:7-Apr. 1999 Australia Forestry; Sediment
Hodgson, G. 1999. A global assessment of human effects on coral reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38:345-355. 1999 Global Index or Indicator Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Tupper, M. and F. Juanes. 1999. Effects of a marine reserve on recruitment of grunts (Pisces: Haemulidae) at Barbados, West Indies. Environmental Biology of Fishes 55:53-63. 1999 Finfish Harvest; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Shackley, M. 1999. Tourism development and environmental protection in southern Sinai. Tourism Management 20:543-548. 1999 Egypt Beaches & Nature Parks; Cultural Protections; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Hotel & Food Services; Tourism & Recreation
Kelleher, G. 1999. Guidelines for Marine Protected Areas. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 1999 Field Study & Monitoring Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Ochieng, C. A. and P. L. A. Erftemeijer. 1999. Accumulation of seagrass beach cast along the Kenyan coast: A quantitative assessment. Aquatic Botany 65:221-238. 1999 Kenya Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Fleshy Macroalgae; Littering; Marine Worms; Nutrients; Primary Production; Seagrasses
Deudero, S., P. Merella, B. Morales-Nin, E. Massuti, and F. Alemany. 1999. Fish communities associated with FADs. Scientia Marina 63:199-207. 1999 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Al-Awadhi, F. M. A. 1999. The Year of the Ocean and its crucial importance to the Gulf. Desalination 123:127-133. 1999 Global Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Finfish Harvest; Littering; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Waste Management Policies
National Research Council (NRC). 1999. Part II: value of marine biodiversity to biomedicine. Pages 71-111 From monsoons to microbes. understanding the ocean�s role in human ealth. National Research Council, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, Ocean Studies Board, Committee on the Ocean�s Role in Human Health, Washington, D.C. 1999 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kingsford, M. J. 1999. Fish Attraction Devices (FADs) and experimental designs. Scientia Marina 63:181-190. 1999 Model Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector
Chapman, C. 1999. Doubling his success. Veterinary Economics 1999:84. 1999 Medical Centers
Freiwald, A., J. B. Wilson, and R. Henrich. 1999. Grounding pleistocene icebergs shape recent deep-water coral reefs. Sedimentary Geology 125:8-Jan. 1999 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Norway Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Finfish Harvest; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Water Depth & Sea Level
Becker, G. 1999. Silicified Ostracods from the Thuringian Ecotype Devonian/Carboniferous boundary layers (topmost Wocklumer limestone and lowest Hangenberg limestone) in Drewer Quarry (Rheinisches Schiefergebirge). The 'natural' D/C boundary [Verkieselte Ostracoden vom Th. CFS Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 1-159. 1999 Europe Field Study & Monitoring Octopus & Squid; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Smith, C. M. and L. J. Walters. 1999. Fragmentation as a strategy for Caulerpa species: Fates of fragments and implications for management of an invasive weed. Marine Ecology 20:307-319. 1999 Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Aquaculture; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invasive Species; Seagrasses
Moore, B. and J. Zeidner. 1999. The legendary ocean-the unexplored frontier. Sea Technology 40:29-34. 1999 Global Fishing Sector; Seagrasses
Qi, L., L. M. Leslie, and S. X. Zhao. 1999. Cut-off low pressure systems over Southern Australia: Climatology and case study. International Journal of Climatology 19:1633-1649. 1999 Australia Agriculture
Wilson, A. D. 1999. Coral reefs: A diminishing resource. Sea Technology 40:15-Oct. 1999 Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Tourism & Recreation
[No author name available]. 1999. Proceedings of the Sand Rights'99. Bringing back the beaches. in Sand Rights 1999 Bringing Back the Beaches. 1999 Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Security Policies; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Cawthorn, R. G. 1999. The platinum and palladium resources of the Bushveld Complex. South African Journal of Science 95:481-489. 1999 Global Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining
Lleonart, J., B. Morales-Nin, E. Massuti, S. Deudero, and O. Renones. 1999. Population dynamics and fishery of dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) in the western Mediterranean. Scientia Marina 63:447-457. 1999 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Van Treeck, P. and H. Schuhmacher. 1999. Mass diving tourism - A new dimensional calls for new management approaches. Marine Pollution Bulletin 37:499-504. 1999 Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Education & Outreach; Tourism & Recreation
Snyder, R. 1999. What's happening offshore...Hazard database. World Oil 220:27. 1999 South & Central America; Mexico Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Military; Pipelines
Rezai, H., H. M. Ibrahim, B. A. G. Idris, and M. R. M. Kushairi. 1999. Some effects of submarine pipeline construction on the sessile zoobenthic community of Redang Island. Hydrobiologia 405:163-167. 1999 Malaysia Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Pipelines
Smith, I. P., K. J. Collins, and A. C. Jensen. 1999. Seasonal changes in the level and diel pattern of activity in the European lobster Homarus gammarus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 186:255-264. 1999 Europe; England Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Light; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Ruitenbeek, J. and C. Cartier. 1999. Issues in applied coral reef biodiversity valuation: results for Montego Bay, Jamaica. World Bank Research Committee Project RPO# 682-22. 1999 Jamaica Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Educational & Research Opportunities; Fishing Sector; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Sarvananthan, N., A. J. Liddicoat, and G. T. Fahy. 1999. Synthetic hydroxyapatite orbital implants: A clinical and MRI evaluation. Eye 13:205-208. 1999
Lindeman, K. C. and D. B. Snyder. 1999. Nearshore hardbottom fishes of southeast Florida and effects of habitat burial caused by dredging. Fishery Bulletin 97:508-525. 1999 Florida Beaches & Nature Parks; Corallivorous Fish; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Hughes, D. C. and J. L. Lyon. 1999. Trauma care in Madagascar: Making use of limited resources. in Journal of Investigative Medicine. 1999 Madagascar Field Study & Monitoring Medical Centers; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Chapman, M. R. and D. L. Kramer. 1999. Gradients in coral reef fish density and size across the Barbados Marine Reserve boundary: Effects of reserve protection and habitat characteristics. Marine Ecology Progress Series 181:81-96. 1999 Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Substrate
Diamant, A., A. Banet, I. Paperna, H. V. Westernhagen, K. Broeg, G. Kruener, W. Koerting, and S. Zander. 1999. The use of fish metabolic, pathological and parasitological indices in pollution monitoring II. The Red Sea and Mediterranean. Helgoland Marine Research 53:195-208. 1999 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish
Jameson, S. C., M. S. A. Ammar, E. Saadalla, H. M. Mostafa, and B. Riegl. 1999. A coral damage index and its application to diving sites in the Egyptian Red Sea. Coral Reefs 18:333-339. 1999 Global; Egypt Index or Indicator Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Physical Damage; Skeletal Coral
Schleyer, M. H. 1999. A synthesis of KwaZulu-Natal coral research. Special Publication, 5. A synthesis of KwaZulu-Natal coral research. Special Publication, 5. 1999 Indian Ocean; India; South Africa Review; Field Study & Monitoring Climate; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
McClanahan, T. R., N. A. Muthiga, A. T. Kamukuru, H. Machano, and R. W. Kiambo. 1999. The effects of marine parks and fishing on coral reefs of northern Tanzania. Biological Conservation 89:161-182. 1999 Kenya; Tanzania Model Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Planktivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish
Hamilton, L. J. 1999. Classification, grainsize relations and sediment distributions inferred from visual sediment descriptions on RAN hydrographie Office bathymetry charts of the northern Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 46:501-514. 1999 Australia Coastal Defense; Military; Sediment
Testezlaf, R., C. A. Larsen, T. H. Yeager, and F. S. Zazueta. 1999. Tensiometric monitoring of container substrate moisture status. HortTechnology 9:105-109. 1999 Field Study & Monitoring Irrigation; Substrate
Booth, A. J., S. L. Brouwer, and T. Hecht. 1999. Considerations on the feasibility of a directed fishery for panga Pterogymnus laniarius (Pisces: Sparidae). South African Journal of Marine Science 77-88. 1999 South Africa Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Prena, J., P. Schwinghamer, T. W. Rowell, D. C. Gordon Jr., K. D. Gilkinson, W. P. Vass, and D. L. McKeown. 1999. Experimental otter trawling on a sandy bottom ecosystem of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland: Analysis of trawl bycatch and effects on epifauna. Marine Ecology Progress Series 181:107-124. 1999 China Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Octocoral; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Lomberg, K. G., E. S. Martin, M. A. Patterson, and J. E. Venter. 1999. The morphology of potholes in the UG2 Chromitite layer and Merensky Reef (pothole reef facies) at Union Section, Rustenburg Platinum Mines. South African Journal of Geology 102:209-220. 1999 Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining
Pepperell, J. G. and T. L. O. Davis. 1999. Post-release behaviour of black marlin, Makaira indica, caught off the Great Barrier Reef with sportfishing gear. Marine Biology 135:369-380. 1999 Australia Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Recreational Fishing; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Bell, N. and J. Smith. 1999. Coral growing on North Sea oil rigs. Nature 402:601. 1999 Oil & Gas Rigs
Hastings, A. and L. W. Botsford. 1999. Equivalence in yield from marine reserves and traditional fisheries management. Science 284:1537-1538. 1999 Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates
Day, J. G., E. E. Benson, and R. A. Fleck. 1999. In vitro culture and conservation of microalgae: Applications for aquaculture, biotechnology and environmental research. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant 35:127-136. 1999 Review; Index or Indicator Algae; Aquaculture; Biotechnology Research & Development; Cyanobacteria; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Microorganisms
Walker, P. A., R. Greiner, D. McDonald, and V. Lyne. 1999. The Tourism Futures Simulator: A systems thinking approach. Environmental Modelling & Software 14:59-67. 1999 Australia Model; GIS & Maps Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Tourism & Recreation
Cruickshank Michael, J. and JU N Dai. 1999. Progress in beach maintenance efforts for the State of Hawaii. Pages 277-283 in Proceedings of the Annual Offshore Technology Conference. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii Beaches & Nature Parks; Collaboration & Partnering
Wilkinson, C., O. Linden, H. Cesar, G. Hodgson, J. Rubens, and A. E. Strong. 1999. Ecological and socioeconomic impacts of 1998 coral mortality in the Indian Ocean: An ENSO impact and a warning of future change? Ambio 28:188-196. 1999 Global; Indian Ocean; Kenya; Tanzania; Seychelles; Maldives; Sri Lanka; India Climate; Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Boller, P. C. 1999. Home range size, movement behavior and habitat utilization in juvenile white-tailed deer on Webb Wildlife Center. Pages 41-42 NCASI Technical Bulletin. 1999 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Forestry
Skov, C. and S. Berg. 1999. Utilization of natural and artificial habitats by YOY pike in a biomanipulated lake. Hydrobiologia 115-122. 1999 Oman Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest
Penney, A. J., J. B. Mann-Langer, R. P. Van Der Elst, and C. G. Wilke. 1999. Long-term trends in catch and effort in the KwaZulu-Natal nearshore linefisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science 51-76. 1999 Commercial Fishing Boats; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Chao, S.-M. 1999. Revision of Taiwan starfish (Echinodermata: Asteroidea), with description of ten new records. Zoological Studies 38:405-415. 1999 Cuba; Columbia; China; Taiwan Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Echinoderms; Seastars; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
MacDonald Craig, D., A. Mitsuyasu Carol, and EL IZ AB ET H Corbin. 1999. Planned underwater dive attractions program for Hawaii. Pages 180-188 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii Artificial Habitat; Collaboration & Partnering; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Infrastructure; Tourism & Recreation
Holmlund, C. M. and M. Hammer. 1999. Ecosystem services generated by fish populations. Ecological Economics 29:253-268. 1999 Global Review Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Zeller, D. C. 1999. Ultrasonic telemetry: Its application to coral reef fisheries research. Fishery Bulletin 97:1058-1065. 1999 Fishing Sector
Hohenegger, J., E. Yordanova, Y. Nakano, and F. Tatzreiter. 1999. Habitats of larger foraminifera on the upper reef slope of Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan. Marine Micropaleontology 36:109-168. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan Algae; Housing; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Robichaud, D., W. Hunte, and H. A. Oxenford. 1999. Effects of increased mesh size on catch and fishing power of coral reef fish traps. Fisheries Research 39:275-294. 1999 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Zeng, L. 1999. Search for new compounds and biologically active substances from Chinese marine organisms. Pure and Applied Chemistry 71:1147-1151. 1999 China Algae; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Barnes, D. J. and J. M. Lough. 1999. Porites growth characteristics in a changed environment: Misima Island, Papua New Guinea. Coral Reefs 18:213-218. 1999 Australia; Papua New Guinea Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining; Sediment; Stony Coral
Walters, C., D. Pauly, and V. Christensen. 1999. Ecospace: prediction of mesoscale spatial patterns in trophic relationships of exploited ecosystems, with emphasis on the impacts of marine protected areas. Ecosystems 2:539-554. 1999 Global Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
[No author name available]. 1999. Old Ekofisk meets its unmaker. Pages 81-84 Offshore Engineer. 1999 Artificial Habitat; Pipelines
Orams, M. 1999. Marine tourism - development, impacts, and management. Routledge., New York. 1999 Tourism & Recreation
Beecham, B. 1999. 'Reef Rocket' - stylish tourist catamaran is a departure from standard designs. Work Boat World 18:31. 1999 Australia Tourism & Recreation
Beecham, B. 1999. 'Reef jet' and 'Oceania' - debis finances two different designs to service dive cruise markets. Work Boat World 18:53-54. 1999 Australia Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products
Morrison, R. J. and M. R. Naqasima. 1999. Fiji's Great Astrolabe Lagoon: Baseline study and management issues for a pristine marine environment. Ocean and Coastal Management 42:617-636. 1999 Fiji Field Study & Monitoring Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Bivalves; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Salinity; Sediment; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Pfister, R. P. and D. Goulet. 1999. Nonintrusive video technique for in situ sizing of coral reef fishes. Copeia 789-793. 1999 Anemones & Zooanthids; Fish
Barrie Pnrock, A. 1999. Coral reefs and environmental change: Adaptation to what? American Zoologist 39:29-Oct. 1999 Global Climate; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Salinity; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Carlson, B. A. 1999. Organism responses to rapid change: What aquaria tell us about nature. American Zoologist 39:44-55. 1999 Model
Pet-Soede, L., H. S. J. Cesar, and J. S. Pet. 1999. An economic analysis of blast fishing on Indonesian coral reefs. Environmental Conservation 26:83-93. 1999 Indonesia Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Funding & Incentives; Housing; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Munoz-Perez, J. J., L. Tejedor, and R. Medina. 1999. Equilibrium beach profile model for reef-protected beaches. Journal of Coastal Research 15:950-957. 1999 Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Water Depth & Sea Level
Hinrichsen, D. 1999. Reefs at risk. Defenders 74:15-Jun. 1999 Banks, Credit, & Securities; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Storms & Hurricanes
Wiltshire John, C. and A. Moore Kathleen. 1999. Marine manganese tailings concrete: advantages and drawbacks. Pages 237-244 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1999 Fishing Sector; Waterborne Discharges
Morhange, C., J.-P. Goiran, M. Bourcier, P. Carbonel, B. Kabouche, J. Le Campion, A. Prone, F. B. Pyatt, J.-M. Rouchy, J.-C. Sourisseau, and M. Yon. 1999. 3000 Years of coastal evolution of Kition Bamboula (Larnaca, Cyprus, Mediterranean sea) [3000 ans de modifications des environnements littoraux a Kition Bamboula (Lanarca, Chypre, Mediterranee Orientale)]. Quaternaire 10:133-149. 1999 Oman Military; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Wetlands
Tom, M., J. Douek, I. Yankelevich, T. C. G. Bosch, and B. Rinkevich. 1999. Molecular characterization of the first heat shock protein 70 from a reef coral. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 262:103-108. 1999 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Stony Coral
�1) Yu, S.; Earles, T.A., and G. Fitch [1998] ; 2) Earles, T.A. [1999]. 1999. 1) Constructed Wetlands for Stormwater Management.� Final Report, Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC)�99-R14 and 2) Earles, T. A.� 1999.� Mitigated Wetlands for the Control of Stormwater Runoff:� Monitoring and Management.� Dissertation, Unive. 1999 Field Study & Monitoring Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Hooper, J. N. A., S. E. List-Armitage, J. A. Kennedy, S. D. Cook, and C. A. Valentine. 1999. Sponges of the low isles, great barrier reef: an important scientific site, or a case of mistaken identity ? Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 44:249-262. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites; Sponges
Jones, R. J., T. Kildea, and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. 1999. PAM chlorophyll fluorometry: A new in situ technique for stress assessment in scleractinian corals, used to examine the effects of cyanide from cyanide fishing. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38:864-874. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Hotel & Food Services; Primary Production; Stony Coral; Toxics; Zooxanthellae
Lehnert, H. and H. Fischer. 1999. Distribution patterns of sponges and corals down to 107 Moff North Jamaica. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 44:307-316. 1999 Jamaica GIS & Maps Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Seagrasses; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
[No author name available]. 1999. Proceedings of the 1999 Exploration and Production Environmental Conference, SPE/EPA. in SPE/EPA Exploration & Production Environmental Conference. 1999 Natural Gas & Electric Power; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Waterborne Discharges
Dauterive, L. 1999. Rigs-to reefs policy, progress, and perspective. Pages 313-318 in SPE/EPA Exploration & Production Environmental Conference. 1999 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Corporate Responses; Funding & Incentives; Oil & Gas Rigs; Valuation
Campos-Vazquez, C., L. F. Carrera-Parra, N. E. Gonzalez, and S. I. Salazar-Vallejo. 1999. Criptofauna en rocas de Punta Nizuc, Caribe mexicano y su utilidad como biomonitor potencial. Revista de Biologia Tropical 47:799-808. 1999 South & Central America; Caribbean Index or Indicator Marine Protected Areas; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Tourism & Recreation
Southgate, P. C. and K. Kavanagh. 1999. The effect of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth, survival and biochemical composition of the coral reef damselfish Acanthochromis polyacanthus. Aquatic Living Resource 12:31-36. 1999 Lab Study Aquarium & Pet Trade; Fish; Octopus & Squid; Small Herbivorous Fish
Barker, B. A. J., I. Helmond, N. J. Bax, A. Williams, S. Davenport, and V. A. Wadley. 1999. A vessel-towed camera platform for surveying seafloor habitats of the continental shelf. Continental Shelf Research 19:1161-1170. 1999 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Fishing Sector
Pile, A. J. 1999. Resource partitioning by caribbean coral reef sponges: Is there enough food for everyone ? Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 44:457-461. 1999 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Cyanobacteria; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Microorganisms; Plankton; Sponges; Substrate; Tube, Barrel, & Finger Sponges
Murray S. N., R. F. Ambrose, J. A. Bohnsack, L. W. Botsford, M. H. Carr, G. E. Davis, P. K. Dayton, D. Gotshall, G. R. Gunderson, M. A. Hixon, J. Lubcheco, M. Mangel, A. MacCall, D. A. McArdle, J. C. Ogden, J. Roughgarden, R. M. Starr, M. J. Tegner, and M. M. Yoklavisch. 1999. No-take reserve networks. Fisheries 24:11-25. 1999 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector; Special Use Permitting
Hallacher, L. and B. Tissot. 1999. Quantitative underwater ecological surveying techniques: a coral reef monitoring workshop. Pages 147-158 in Proceedings of the Hawai'I coral reef monitoring workshop. 1999 Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Social Organizations
Perrin, W. F., MA .L .L . Dolar, and D. Robineau. 1999. Spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) of the western Pacific and Southeast Asia: Pelagic and shallow-water forms. Marine Mammal Science 15:1029-1053. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Indian Ocean; India; Thailand; Malaysia; Japan; Southeast Asia; Java; Indonesia; Philippines; Taiwan Review Apex Fish Predators; Fishing Sector; Octopus & Squid; Whales & Dolphins
Cruickshank, M. J. 1999. Development of aggregate resources in Pacific tropical islands. Marine Georesources and Geotechnology 17:101. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii; Micronesia; Samoa; Marshall Islands; American Samoa Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Infrastructure; Shoreline Protection; Water Depth & Sea Level
Edwards, A. J. and S. Clark. 1999. Coral transplantation: A useful management tool or misguided meddling? Marine Pollution Bulletin 37:474-487. 1999 Maldives Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Finfish Harvest; Hotel & Food Services; Seastars; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Gomes, C., H. A. Oxenford, and R. B. G. Dales. 1999. Mitochondrial DNA D-loop variation and implications for stock structure of the four-wing flyingfish, Hirundichthys affinis, in the central western Atlantic. Bulletin of Marine Science 64:485-500. 1999 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Antilles; Tobago; Caribbean Model Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Snails & Conch
Schaeffer, T. N., M. S. Foster, M. E. Landrau, and R. K. Walder. 1999. Diver disturbance in kelp forests. California Fish and Game 85:170-176. 1999 Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Mitigation; Tourism & Recreation
Molnia, B. F. and C. A. Hallam. 1999. Open skies aerial photography of selected areas in Central America affected by Hurricane Mitch. US Geological Survey Circular 1181:Jan-82. 1999 South & Central America Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Storms & Hurricanes
Epstein, N., R. P. M. Bak, and B. Rinkevich. 1999. Implementation of a small-scale 'no-use zone' policy in a reef ecosystem: Eilat's reef-lagoon six years later. Coral Reefs 18:327-332. 1999 Marine Protected Areas; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Albisetti, W., C. Sala, M. Corbella, A. Aloja, and F. Angaroni. 1999. Chondrocyte transplants. Growth and biointegration in bone graft substitute: Coralline hydroxyapatite. A preliminary study [Trapianti condrocitari. Crescita e biointegrazione in sostituti dell'osso: Esoscheletro di carbonato di calcio di corallo: Studio p. Minerva Ortopedica e Traumatologica 50:6-Jan. 1999 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Montgomery, W. L., T. Umino, H. Nakagawa, I. Vaughn, and T. Shibuno. 1999. Lipid storage and composition in tropical surgeonfishes (Teleostei: Acanthuridae). Marine Biology 133:137-144. 1999 Japan Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Jesinghaus, J. and R. Montgomery. 1999. Towards environmental pressure indicators for the EU. 1999 Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Nutrients
Fernandes, L., M. A. Ridgley, and T. Van't Hof. 1999. Multiple criteria analysis integrates economic, ecological and social objectives for coral reef managers. Coral Reefs 18:393-402. 1999 Global Model Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Rodriguez-Martinez, R. and L. M. Ortiz. 1999. Coral reef education in schools of Quintana Roo, Mexico. Ocean and Coastal Management 42:1061-1068. 1999 South & Central America; Mexico Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Marine Protected Areas; Schools & Colleges
Nixon, L. D., B. J. Bascle, and D. A. Marin. 1999. Offshore Atlas Project: Methodology and results. Marine Georesources and Geotechnology 17:211-212. 1999 South & Central America; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Oil & Gas Industry; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Newnham, R. E. 1999. ECerS Plenary Address: Ceramics into next millennium. British Ceramic Transactions 98:251-255. 1999 Global Aquaculture; Irrigation
Castro, J. J., J. A. Santiago, and V. Hernandez-Garcia. 1999. Fish associated with fish aggregation devices off the Canary Islands (Central-East Atlantic). Scientia Marina 63:191-198. 1999 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Fishing Sector
Scott, C. and M. Mulrennan. 1999. Land and sea tenure at Erub, Torres Strait: Property, sovereignty and the adjudication of cultural continuity. Oceania 70:146-176. 1999 Housing
Bruzzone, GA ., R. Bono, M. Caccia, G. Veruggio, C. Ferreira, C. Silvestre, P. Oliveira, and A. Pascoal. 1999. Internet mission control of the ROMEO Unmanned Underwater Vehicle using the CORAL mission controller. Pages 1081-1087 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1999 Lab Study Internet & Telecommunications
Pittock, B. 1999. Coral reefs and envionmental change: adaptation to what?(1). American Zoologist 39:14. 1999 Climate; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Salinity; Tourism & Recreation
Cragg, G. M. and D. J. Newman. 1999. Discovery and development of antineoplastic agents from natural sources. Cancer Investigation 17:153-163. 1999 Collaboration & Partnering; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Jennings, S., J. D. Reynolds, and N. V. C. Polunin. 1999. Predicting the vulnerability of tropical reef fishes to exploitation with phylogenies and life histories. Conservation Biology 13:1466-1475. 1999 Apex Fish Predators; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Jameson, S. C. 1998. Rapid ecological assessment of the Cayos Miskitos Marine Reserve with notes on the shallow-water stony corals from Nicaragua. Atoll Research Bulletin 15-Jan. 1998 South & Central America; Nicaragua; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Nutrients; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Duwig, C., T. Becquer, B. E. Clothier, and M. Vauclin. 1998. Nitrate leaching through oxisols of the Loyalty Islands (New Caledonia) under intensified agricultural practices. Geoderma 84:29-43. 1998 US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia Agriculture; Drinking Water Supply; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrients; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Chadwick, D. H. 1998. Blue refuges: U.S. national marine sanctuaries. National Geographic 193:2. 1998 Florida Lab Study Finfish Harvest; Pathogens
NEPA. 1998. MARICULTURE DRAFT POLICY AND REGULATION NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION AUTHORITY COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT DIVISION. National Environment & Planning agency. 1998 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Special Use Permitting; Wetlands
Crow, G. L., M. J. Atkinson, B. Ron, S. Atkinson, A. D. K. Skillman, and G. T. F. Wong. 1998. Relationship of water chemistry to serum thyroid hormones in captive sharks with goitres. Aquatic Geochemistry 4:469-480. 1998 US Pacific & Hawaii Apex Fish Predators; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Oliveira, P., A. Pascoal, V. Silva, and C. Silvestre. 1998. Mission control of the MARIUS autonomous underwater vehicle: System design, implementation and sea trials. International Journal of Systems Science 29:1065-1080. 1998 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools
Beer, S., M. Ilan, A. Eshel, A. Weil, and I. Brickner. 1998. Use of pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry for in situ measurements of photosynthesis in two Red Sea faviid corals. Marine Biology 131:607-612. 1998 Cuba; Germany Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Light; Primary Production; Zooxanthellae
Brett, J. FO RD, K. Gregoli Mark, and C. Gahan Brian. 1998. Successful drilling practices - an experiment in cooperation. Pages 603-614 in Proceedings of the IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference, APDT. 1998 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Tonga; Mexico Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Dott R.H., JR. 1998. Charles Lyell's debt to North America: his lectures and travels from 1841 to 1853. Geological Society Special Publication 53-69. 1998 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Britain Field Study & Monitoring Climate; Social Organizations; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Carpenter, S. R., N. F. Caraco, D. L. Correll, R. W. Howarth, A. N. Sharpley, and V. H. Smith. 1998. Nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen. Ecological Applications 8:559-568. 1998 Review Agriculture; Domestic Animal Waste; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fish; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Beets, J. and A. Friedlander. 1998. Evaluation of a conservation strategy: A spawning aggregation closure for red hind, Epinephelus guttatus, in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Environmental Biology of Fishes 55:91-98. 1998 US Virgin Islands Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Parker Jr., R. O. and R. L. Dixon. 1998. Changes in a North Carolina reef fish community after 15 years of intense fishing - Global warming implications. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 127:908-920. 1998 Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Cuba Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation
Abdel-Kader, A. F., S. M. Nasr, H. I. El-Gamily, and M. El-Raey. 1998. Environmental sensitivity analysis of potential oil spill for Ras-Mohammed coastal zone, Egypt. Journal of Coastal Research 14:502-510. 1998 Egypt Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Petroleum Spills; Tourism & Recreation
Hower Amy, E. 1998. Combining wave energy and artificial reef technology for sustainable coastal resource development. Pages 1691-1695 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1998 Review Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Drinking Water Supply; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Vose, F. E. and W. G. Nelson. 1998. An assessment of the use of stabilized coal and oil ash for construction of artificial fishing reefs: Comparison of fishes observed on small ash and concrete reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 36:980-988. 1998 Florida Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Jaubert Jean, M., R. M. Chisholm John, MA NU EL Marchioretti, and FA BR IC E Priouzeau. 1998. Submersible respirometer designed to measure the metabolism of benthic marine plants and invertebrates. Pages 1754-1756 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1998 Cuba Fleshy Macroalgae; Housing; Primary Production; Seagrasses; Stony Coral
Bellwood, D. R., J. M. Leis, I. C. Stobutzki, P. F. Sale, R. K. Cowen, and C. M. Roberts. 1998. Fishery and reef management [3] (multiple letters). Science 279:2020-2022. 1998 Fishing Sector
Gribble, N. A. and J. W. A. Robertson. 1998. Fishing effort in the far northern section cross shelf closure area of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park: The effectiveness of area closures. Journal of Environmental Management 52:53-67. 1998 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Rilov, G. and Y. Benayahu. 1998. Vertical artificial structures as an alternative habitat for coral reef fishes in disturbed environments. Marine Environmental Research 45:431-451. 1998 Model; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Russ, C. R., D. C. Lou, J. B. Higgs, and B. P. Ferreira. 1998. Mortality rate of a cohort of the coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus, in zones of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park closed to fishing. Marine and Freshwater Research 49:507-511. 1998 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Morris, G.L., Fan, J. 1998. Reservoir Sedimentation Handbook: Design and management of dams, reservoirs, and watersheds for sustainable use. Ver. 1.04 edition. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. 1998 Puerto Rico; Costa Rica; Venezuela; India Model Agriculture; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Forestry; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Nutrients; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water
Rehfeld, U. and G. Ernst. 1998. Hydrozoan build-ups of Millepora irregularis sp. nov. and fungiid coral meadows of Cunnolites Alloiteau (Anthozoa) - palaeoecological and palaeoceanographical implications for the Upper Cretaceous of north Cantabria (northern Spain). Facies 125-138. 1998 Spain Coal Mining; Hydrocoral; Sediment; Sponges
Gobert, B. 1998. Density-dependent size selectivity in Antillean fish traps. Fisheries Research 38:159-167. 1998 Antilles Fish; Fishing Sector
Sosa-Cordero, E., A. M. Arce, W. Aguilar-Davila, and A. Ramirez-Gonzalez. 1998. Artificial shelters for spiny lobster Panulirus argus (Latreille): An evaluation of occupancy in different benthic habitats. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 229:18-Jan. 1998 South & Central America; Bahamas; Cuba; Mexico Index or Indicator Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Temperatures; Seagrasses; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Sassi, R., F. Souissi, N. Soussi, F. Baccar, A. Added, A. Charef, and S. Abdeljaoued. 1998. Environmental diagnosis of the northern part of the Bay of Monastir (eastern Tunisia) from the geochemistry of superficial sediments [Diagnostic environnemental du nord de la Baie de Monastir (Tunisie orientale) par l'etude geochimique des sediments su. Bulletin des Laboratoires des Ponts et Chaussees 218:49-58. 1998 Aquaculture; Discharges; Light; Sediment; Wastewater Discharge
Miall, A. D. 1998. Canada's distinguished record of sedimentary geology. Geoscience Canada 25:97-114. 1998 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Schools & Colleges; Sediment
Debitus, C., G. Guella, I. Mancini, J. Waikedre, J.-P. Guemas, J. L. Nicolas, and F. Pietra. 1998. Quinolones from a bacterium and tyrosine metabolites from its host sponge, Suberea creba from the Coral Sea. Journal of Marine Biotechnology 6:136-141. 1998 New Caledonia Aquaculture; Sponges
Grubelic, I. 1998. Presence of the species Genocidris maculata AGASSIZ, 1869, (Echinoidea, Echinodermata) in the Adriatic Sea. Periodicum Biologorum 100:39-42. 1998 Cuba Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Echinoderms
De la Caffiniere, J.-Y., E. Viehweger, and A. Worcel. 1998. Radiological evolution of coral substitute implanted into lower limb cancellous bone madreporic coral versus coralline hydroxyapatite [Evolution radiologique a long terme du corail implante en os spongieux au membre inferieur: Corail madreporique versus h. Revue de Chirurgie Orthopedique et Reparatrice de l'Appareil Moteur 84:501-507. 1998 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Barnes, D. K. A., A. Corrie, M. Whittington, M. A. Carvalho, and F. Gell. 1998. Coastal shellfish resource use in the Quirimba Archipelago, Mozambique. Journal of Shellfish Research 17:51-58. 1998 Mozambique Bivalves; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Davis, G. E., P. L. Haaker, and D. V. Richards. 1998. The perilous condition of white abalone Haliotis sorenseni, Bartsch, 1940. Journal of Shellfish Research 17:871-875. 1998 Cuba Environmental Education & Outreach; Fishing Sector
Christian, R., F. Steimle, and R. Stone. 1998. Evolution of marine artificial reef development-a philosophical review of management strategies. Gulf of Mexico Science 16:32-36. 1998 Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Resource Use Management; Special Use Permitting
Lewis, AL AN. 1998. Deep in the heart of Cheshire. 32:30-31. 1998 Housing
Lewis, AL AN. 1998. National Marine Aquarium, Plymouth. 32:22-23. 1998 Apex Fish Predators; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Docks & Marinas
Gittings, S. R. 1998. Reef community stability on the Flower Garden Banks, northwest Gulf of Mexico. Gulf of Mexico Science 16:161-169. 1998 South & Central America; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Special Use Permitting; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Rinkevich, B. and S. Shafir. 1998. Ex situ culture of colonial marine ornamental invertebrates: Concepts for domestication. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 2:237-250. 1998 Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Schools & Colleges; Tunicates
Dalzell, P. 1998. The role of archaeological and cultural-historical records in long-range coastal fisheries resources management strategies and policies in the Pacific Islands. Ocean and Coastal Management 40:237-252. 1998 US Pacific & Hawaii Agriculture; Cultural Policies; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Molluscs
Sluka, R. D. and K. M. Sullivan. 1998. The influence of spear fishing on species composition and size of groupers on patch reefs in the upper Florida keys. Fishery Bulletin 96:388-392. 1998 Florida Finfish Harvest; Piscivorous Fish
Donovan, S. K. and D. A. T. Harper. 1998. Diving deep on a Pleistocene reef in eastern Jamaica. Geology Today 14:26-30. 1998 South & Central America; Jamaica; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Echinoderms
Van Rooij, J. M., J. J. Videler, and J. H. Bruggemann. 1998. High biomass and production but low energy transfer efficiency of Caribbean parrotfish: Implications for trophic models of coral reefs. Journal of Fish Biology 53:154-178. 1998 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Model Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Primary Production
Connell, S. D., M. A. Samoilys, M. P. Lincoln Smith, and J. Leqata. 1998. Comparisons of abundance of coral-reef fish: Catch and effort surveys vs visual census. Austral Ecology 23:579-586. 1998 Solomon Islands Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Demartini, E. E. 1998. How might recruitment research on coral-reef fishes help manage tropical reef fisheries? Austral Ecology 23:305-310. 1998 Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Plankton; Special Use Permitting
Nakamura, SA TO SH I and NI CH OL AS Dodd. 1998. Numerical model of low frequency wave motion on a beach and over reefs. Pages 166-180 in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Ocean Wave Measurement and Analysis. 1998 Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection
Bobba, A. G. 1998. Application of a numerical model to predict freshwater depth in Islands due to climate change: Agatti Island, India. Journal of Environmental Hydrology 6. 1998 Global; India Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Wilhelmsson, D. 1998. Artificial reefs and dive tourism in Eilat, Israel. Ambio 27:764-766. 1998 Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
Brown, I. W. and W. D. Sumpton. 1998. Age, growth and mortality of redthroat emperor Lethrinus miniatus (Pisces: Lethrinidae) from the southern Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia. Bulletin of Marine Science 62:905-917. 1998 Australia Fish; Fishing Sector
Dixon, C. D., H. K. Gorfine, R. A. Officer, and M. Sporcic. 1998. Dispersal of tagged blacklip abalone, Haliotis rubra: Implications for stock assessment. Journal of Shellfish Research 17:881-887. 1998 Finfish Harvest
Williamson, A. 1998. Use of acoustics in remote sensing of the seabed. Hydro International 2:51-53. 1998 Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Petroleum Spills; Resource Use Management
Nesheiwat, F., W. M. Brown, and K. M. Healey. 1998. Post-traumatic first metatarsal reconstruction using coralline hydroxyapatite. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 88:130-134. 1998 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Fraser, I. and R. H. Bruce. 1998. Petroleum developments in Western Australia. Pages 777-783 in Proceedings of the Annual Offshore Technology Conference. 1998 Australia Review Infrastructure; Oil & Gas Industry; Pipelines
Kasprzak, R. A. 1998. Use of oil and gas platforms as habitat in Louisiana's artificial reef program. Gulf of Mexico Science 16:37-45. 1998 Artificial Habitat; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Coastal Defense; Corporate Responses; Finfish Harvest; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Security Policies; Special Use Permitting; Utility Policies
Gunaratna, P. P., P. Justesen, D. S. Abeysirigunawardena, and H.-J. Scheffer. 1998. Application of mathematical modeling in optimizing layout of a large industrial fishery harbour. Pages 1276-1289 in Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference. 1998 Sri Lanka Model Coastal Engineering; Fishing Sector; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
Nieland, D. L., C. A. Wilson, and J. W. Fleeger. 1998. Preliminary evaluation of the use of phosphogypsum for reef substrate in the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf of Mexico Science 16:54-63. 1998 South & Central America; Mexico Lab Study; Index or Indicator Artificial Habitat; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Hotel & Food Services; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Substrate
Pattengill-Semmens, C. V. and B. X. Semmens. 1998. An analysis of fish survey data generated by nonexpert volunteers in the Flower Garden Banks national marine sanctuary. Gulf of Mexico Science 16:196-207. 1998 Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Resource Use Management; Social Organizations
Hixon, M. A. 1998. Population dynamics of coral-reef fishes: Controversial concepts and hypotheses. Austral Ecology 23:192-201. 1998 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Fish; Fishing Sector; Special Use Permitting
Bryant, D., L. Burke, J. McManus, and M. Spalding. 1998. Reefs at risk: a map based indicator of threats to the world�s coral reefs. World Resources Institute, Washington, D.C. 1998 Index or Indicator Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Wassenberg, T. J., C. Y. Burridge, M. Connell, and N. Gribble. 1998. A validation of short-duration scientific tows as a representation of long commercial-length tows: Comparing the catch rates, size composition and species composition of prawn trawler bycatch in the far northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Fisheries Research 36:35-46. 1998 Australia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates
Adey, Walter H. 1998. Coral reefs: conservation by valuation and the utilization of pharmaceutical potential. Pages 72-5 in Coral Reefs: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Management; Proceedings of an Associated Event of the Fifth Annual World Bank Conference on Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development, World Bank, Washington, DC October 9-11,. 1998 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Valuation
Troynikov, V. S., R. W. Day, and A. M. Leorke. 1998. Estimation of seasonal growth parameters using a stochastic Gompertz model for tagging data. Journal of Shellfish Research 17:833-838. 1998 Model Fishing Sector
Bach Hanne, K., KO CK Rasmussen Erik, and TO M Foster. 1998. Eutrophication modelling of a tidally influenced mangrove area in Bali subject to major dredging and reclamation activities. Pages 251-261 in International Conference on Environmental Problems in Coastal Regions. 1998 Model Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Hotel & Food Services; Mangroves; Nutrients; Plankton; Tourism & Recreation
Zeller, D. C. and G. R. Russ. 1998. Marine reserves: Patterns of adult movement of the coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae)). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55:917-924. 1998 Australia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
McClanahan, T. R. and N. A. Muthiga. 1998. An ecological shift in a remote coral atoll of Belize over 25 years. Environmental Conservation 25:122-130. 1998 Global; South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Major, J. 1998. Do marine 'no-take' zones work? Australasian Science 19:20-22. 1998 Global; Australia Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Ranjith, M. W. and N. De Silva. 1998. The Coastal Resources Management Program in Brunei Darussalam. Ocean and Coastal Management 38:147-160. 1998 Artificial Habitat; Oil & Gas Rigs; Petroleum Spills
Thomassin, B. A., PH . Gourbesville, B. Gout, and A. Arnoux. 1998. Impact of an industrial and urban sewage off a coral fringing reef at Mauritius (Indian ocean): Modeling of plumes, distribution of trace metals in sediments and effects of the eutrophization on coral reef communities. Pages 301-305 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1998 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; Mauritius; India Model Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Pugliese, R. 1998. Final habitat plan for the South Atlantic Region. South Atlantic Fishery Management Council, Charleston, SC. 1998 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Model Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Agriculture; Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertebrate Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Seagrasses; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Fouda, M. M., G. V. Hermosa Jr., and S. M. Al-Harthi. 1998. Status of fish biodiversity in the Sultanate of Oman. Italian Journal of Zoology 65:521-525. 1998 US Pacific & Hawaii; Oman Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Special Use Permitting
Hampton, J. and J. Gunn. 1998. Exploitation and movements of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye tuna (T. obesus) tagged in the north-western Coral Sea. Marine and Freshwater Research 49:475-489. 1998 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Stednick, J. D., D. M. Gilbert, and M. D. Lee. 1998. Development of a national water quality monitoring programme for Belize. IAHS-AISH Publication 379-386. 1998 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Lockett, M. M. and I. M. Suthers. 1998. Ontogenetic diet shift and feeding activity in the temperate reef fish Cheilodactylus fuscus. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 1998:105-116. 1998 Australia Index or Indicator Algae; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Worms; Molluscs
Jennings, S. and M. J. Kaiser. 1998. The effects of fishing on marine ecosystems. Advances in Marine Biology 201-352. 1998 Review Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Birds; Sea Urchins; Whales & Dolphins
Zeller, D. C. 1998. Spawning aggregations: Patterns of movement of the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae) as determined by ultrasonic telemetry. Marine Ecology Progress Series 162:253-263. 1998 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Foale, S. 1998. Assessment and management of the trochus fishery at West Nggela, Solomon Islands: An interdisciplinary approach. Ocean and Coastal Management 40:187-205. 1998 Solomon Islands Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fishing Sector
Gibson, J., M. McField, and S. Wells. 1998. Coral reef management in Belize: An approach through integrated coastal zone management. Ocean and Coastal Management 39:229-244. 1998 South & Central America; Belize Field Study & Monitoring Banks, Credit, & Securities; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Permitting & Zoning; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Wright, R., S. Ray, D. R. Green, and M. Wood. 1998. Development of a GIS of the Moray Firth (Scotland, UK) and its application in environmental management (site selection for an 'artificial reef'). Science of the Total Environment 223:65-76. 1998 South & Central America; Mexico Model; GIS & Maps Artificial Habitat; Fish; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation
Oren, U. and Y. Benayahu. 1998. Didemnid ascidians: Rapid colonizers of artificial reefs in Eilat (Red Sea). Bulletin of Marine Science 63:199-206. 1998 Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Nicolaou, K. C., N. Winssinger, D. Vourloumis, T. Ohshima, S. Kim, J. Pfefferkorn, J.-Y. Xu, and T. Li. 1998. Solid and solution phase synthesis and biological evaluation of combinatorial sarcodictyin libraries. Journal of the American Chemical Society 120:10814-10826. 1998 Field Study & Monitoring Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Peachey, A. 1998. An economic valuation of water based recreation in the Great Barrier Reef marine park. Australian Parks and Recreation 34:14-16. 1998 Australia; Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Ault J.S., J. A. Bohnsack, and G. A. Meester. 1998. A retrospective (1979-1996) multispecies assessment of coral reef fish stocks in the Florida keys. Fishery Bulletin 96:395-414. 1998 Florida; Cuba Model Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Principe, P. P. 1998. Economics and medicinal plants. Pages 42-54 in T. R. Tomlinson and O. Akerele, editors. Medicinal plants: their role in health and biodiversity. Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia. 1998
Nunez Lara, E. and E. Arias Gonzalez. 1998. The relationship between reef fish community structure and environmental variables in the southern Mexican Caribbean. Journal of Fish Biology 53:209-221. 1998 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean; Mexico Algae; Fish; Octocoral; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Proni John, R., CH RI S McArthur, and GL EN N Schuster. 1998. Adaptive dredged material discharge for the Port of Miami. Pages 1249-1257 in Ports - Proceedings. 1998 Florida Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Military
Leung, P. S., J. Muraoka, S. T. Nakamoto, and S. Pooley. 1998. Evaluating fisheries management options in Hawaii using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Fisheries Research 36:171-183. 1998 US Pacific & Hawaii Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Brown, K., W. N. Adger, E. Tompkins, P. Bacon, D. Shim, and K. Young. 1998. A framework for incorporating stakeholder participation in marine resource management: A case study in Tobago. Working Paper - Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment. 1998 Global; Trinidad; Tobago Model; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
McConney, P. and R. Mahon. 1998. Introducing fishery management planning to Barbados. Ocean and Coastal Management 39:189-195. 1998 Review Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins; Special Use Permitting
Letourneur, Y., M. Kulbicki, and P. Labrosse. 1998. Spatial structure of commercial reef fish communities along a terrestrial runoff gradient in the northern lagoon of New Caledonia. Environmental Biology of Fishes 51:141-159. 1998 New Caledonia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish
Gold, J. R. and L. R. Richardson. 1998. Mitochondrial DNA diversification and population structure in fishes from the Gulf of Mexico and western Atlantic. Journal of Heredity 89:404-414. 1998 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Model Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Stejskal, I. V. 1998. Drilling in environmentally sensitive marine areas in Western Australia: The Wonnich appraisal drilling program setting an industry example. Pages 263-272 in Proceedings of the Annual Offshore Technology Conference. 1998 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
Hamoen, L. W., A. F. Van Werkhoven, J. J. E. Bijlsma, D. Dubnau, and G. Venema. 1998. The competence transcription factor of Bacillus subtilis recognizes short A/T-rich sequences arranged in a unique, flexible pattern along the DNA helix. Genes and Development 12:1539-1550. 1998
Bortone, S. A. 1998. Resolving the attraction-production dilemma in artificial reef research: Some Yeas and Nays. Fisheries 23:10-Jun. 1998 Model Artificial Habitat; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Cortes, J., A. C. Fonseca, M. Barrantes, and P. Denyer. 1998. Type, distribution, and origin of sediments of the Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge, Limon, Costa Rica. Revista de Biologia Tropical 46:251-256. 1998 South & Central America; Costa Rica; Caribbean Beaches & Nature Parks; Deforestation & Devegetation; Molluscs; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Graham, T. and N. Idechong. 1998. Reconciling customary and constitutional law: Managing marine resources in Palau, Micronesia. Ocean and Coastal Management 40:143-164. 1998 US Pacific & Hawaii; Palau; Micronesia; Europe Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Willis, T. J. and R. C. Babcock. 1998. Retention and in situ detectability of visible implant fluorescent elastomer (VIFE) tags in Pagrus auratus (Sparidae). New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 32:247-254. 1998 Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Light; Piscivorous Fish
Berg, H., M. C. Ohman, S. Troeng, and O. Linden. 1998. Environmental economics of coral reef destruction in Sri Lanka. Ambio 27:627-634. 1998 Sri Lanka; Southeast Asia Agriculture; Finfish Harvest; Funding & Incentives; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation
Major, C. O., W. B. F. Ryan, and M. J. Jurado-Rodriguez. 1998. Evolution of paleoenvironments of Eratosthenes Seamount based on downhole logging integrated with carbonate petrology and reflection profiles. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results 160:483-508. 1998 Egypt Forestry; Sediment
Dunlap, W. C., B. E. Chalker, W. M. Bandaranayake, and J. J. Wu Won. 1998. Nature's sunscreen from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Pages 41-51 in International Journal of Cosmetic Science. 1998 Australia Light; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral; Sunscreen Use
Nzali, L. M. 1998. Factors affecting scleractinian coral recruitment on a nearshore reef in Tanzania. Ambio 27:717-722. 1998 Tanzania Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Stony Coral
Briones, V., A. Fernandez, M. Blanco, F. Ramiro, M. L. De Vicente, J. Garcia, J. L. Mendez, and J. Goyache. 1998. Haemorrhagic Septicaemia by Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida in a Black-tip Reef Shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus). Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B 45:443-445. 1998 Cuba; Columbia; Spain Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Salinity
Ogilvie, R. I. and D. Zborowska-Sluis. 1998. Captopril and angiotensin II receptor antagonist therapy in a pacing model of heart failure. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 14:1025-1033. 1998 Model
Jensen, TH OM AS, PE TE R Sloth, and VA GN ER Jacobsen. 1998. Wave dynamics and revetment design on a natural reef. Pages 1138-1151 in Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference. 1998 Indonesia Coastal Engineering; Hotel & Food Services; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Nieland, D. L., C. A. Wilson, J. W. Fleeger, B. Sun, R. F. Malone, and S. Chen. 1998. Preliminary evaluation of the use of phosphogypsum for reef substrate. I. A laboratory study of bioaccumulation of radium and six heavy metals in an aquatic food chain. Chemistry and Ecology 305-319. 1998 Lab Study Fish; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Substrate
Smith, J. M. B. and T. P. Bayliss-Smith. 1998. Kelp-plucking: Coastal erosion facilitated by bull-kelp Durvillaea antarctica at subantarctic Macquarie Island. Antarctic Science 10:431-438. 1998 Beaches & Nature Parks; Storms & Hurricanes
Rajasuriya, A. 1998. Coral and rock reef habitats in southern Sri Lanka; patterns in the distribution of coral communities. Ambio 27:723-728. 1998 Sri Lanka Boating Activities; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Stony Coral
Hung, T.-C., C.-C. Huang, and K.-T. Shao. 1998. Ecological survey of coastal water adjacent to nuclear power plants in Taiwan. Chemistry and Ecology 519-532. 1998 Taiwan Algae; Discharges; Fish; Fishing Sector; Plankton
Gauthier, F., S. Gagnon, and B. Dansereau. 1998. Incorporation Of Organic Residues To Peat-Lite Substrates For Production Of Impatiens And Geraniums [Incorporation De Residus Organiques Dans Un Substrat Tourbeux Pour La Production D'Impatiens Et De Geraniums]. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 78:131-138. 1998 Index or Indicator Forestry; Irrigation; Substrate
Shao, L., P. Zhang, D. Ren, and J. Lei. 1998. Late Permian coal-bearing carbonate successions in southern China: Coal accumulation on carbonate platforms. International Journal of Coal Geology 37:235-256. 1998 China Coal Mining; Mangroves
Ferreira, V. P., E. M. Mayal, A. N. Sial, and M. A. Exner. 1998. Isotopic Variations (δ13C and δ18O) in Siderastrea stellata (Cnidaria-Anthozoa), Itamaraca Island, State of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 70:848-855. 1998 Sediment; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
White, K. and A. Meyers. 1997. Stormwater Management and Aesthetics Using Stormwater Treatment Wetlands, Aesthetics in the Constructed Environment, Houston, TX. in Proceedings of the 4th Annual ASCE Water Resources Planning and Management Conference. 1997 Golf Course Operations; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Jennings, S. and N. V. C. Polunin. 1997. Impacts of predator depletion by fishing on the biomass and diversity of non-target reef fish communities. Coral Reefs 16:71-82. 1997 Fiji Model Apex Fish Predators; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Bachu, S. 1997. Flow of formation waters, aquifer characteristics, and their relation to hydrocarbon accumulations, Northern Alberta Basin. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 81:712-733. 1997 Discharges; Oil & Gas Industry; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Nagatsu, K. 1997. Coral reef fisherfolks and their space cognition: Notions of \land,\" \"sea,\" and coral reef space among sama in Sitangkai, Sulu Archipelago". Southeast Asian Studies 35:261-300. 1997 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Small Boats
Harriott, V. J., D. Davis, and S. A. Banks. 1997. Recreational diving and its impact in marine protected areas in Eastern Australia. Ambio 26:173-179. 1997 Australia; Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Cesar, H., C. G. Lundin, S. Bettencourt, J. Dixon. 1997. Indonesian coral reefs - an economic analysis of a precious but threatened resource. Ambio 26:345-350. 1997 Indonesia Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment
Wolf, S. F., J. K. Bates, E. C. Buck, N. L. Dietz, J. A. Fortner, and N. R. Brown. 1997. Physical and chemical characterization of actinides in soil from Johnston Atoll. Environmental Science and Technology 31:467-471. 1997 Johnston Atoll
Druffel, E. R. M. 1997. Pulses of rapid ventilation in the North Atlantic surface ocean during the past century. Science 275:1454-1457. 1997 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Surface & Groundwater Flow
Roberts, B. W. and A. Rodriguez. 1997. Economic Growth under a Self-Interested Central Planner and Transition to a Market Economy. Journal of Comparative Economics 24:121-139. 1997 Florida Model Housing; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Samoilys, M. A. 1997. Periodicity of spawning aggregations of coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Pisces: Serranidae) on the northern Great Barrier Reef. Marine Ecology Progress Series 160:149-159. 1997 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish
Cragg, G. M., D. J. Newman, and R. B. Weiss. 1997. Coral reefs, forests, and thermal vents: The worldwide exploration of nature for novel antitumor agents. Pages 156-163 in Seminars in Oncology. 1997
Mines, D., S. Stahmer, and S. M. Shepherd. 1997. Poisonings: Food, fish, shellfish. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 15:157-177. 1997 Invertivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Zhang, D., J. Lin, and R. L. Creswell. 1997. Larviculture and effect of food on larval survival and development in golden coral shrimp Stenopus scutellatus. Journal of Shellfish Research 16:367-369. 1997 Lab Study Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Liu, Z., M. Yang, Y. Yang, and Z. Yang. 1997. Researchs on the devonian reef in Bailapu of Chengbu, Hunan. Xiangtan Kuangye Xueyuan Xuebao/Journal of Xiangtan Mining Institute 12. 1997 Field Study & Monitoring Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
Duane, M. J., G. Pigozzi, and C. Harris. 1997. Geochemistry of some deep gold mine waters from the western portion of the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences 24:105-123. 1997 South Africa Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining Policies
Fontaine, M. 1997. Ethics, bioethics and medical sciences [ethique, bioethique(s) et sciences medicales]. Bulletin de l'Academie Nationale de Medecine 181:1477-1486. 1997 Health Policies; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Special Use Permitting
Jackson, J. B. C. 1997. Reefs since Columbus. Coral Reefs 16. 1997 South & Central America; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sea Turtles; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Sponges
Parrish, F. A., E. E. DeMartini, and D. M. Ellis. 1997. Nursery habitat in relation to production of juvenile pink snapper, Pristipomoides filamentosus, in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Fishery Bulletin 95:137-148. 1997 US Pacific & Hawaii Model Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Point Source Discharges; Sediment
Gomez, P., J. A. Mercado, L. M. Mitchell, and S. I. Salazar-Vallejo. 1997. Poliquetos de fondos duros (Polychaeta) de bahias de Huatulco y Puerto Angel, Oaxaca, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 45:1067-1074. 1997 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Cuba; Mexico Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Worms; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Barry, G. A. and G. E. Rayment. 1997. Heavy metals and nutrients in soils and sediments of Raine Island, Great Barrier Reef. Pages 281-285 in Land Contamination and Reclamation. 1997 Australia; Papua New Guinea Agriculture; Landscape Changes; Nutrients; Sediment
Duckworth, A. R., C. N. Battershill, and P. R. Bergquist. 1997. Influence of explant procedures and environmental factors on culture success of three sponges. Aquaculture 156:251-267. 1997 Aquaculture; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Foyle, T. P., J. D. Bell, M. Gervis, and I. Lane. 1997. Survival and growth of juvenile fluted giant clams, Tridacna squamosa, in large-scale grow-out trials in the Solomon Islands. Aquaculture 148:85-104. 1997 Solomon Islands Aquaculture; Housing; Seawater Flow
Oren, U. and Y. Benayahu. 1997. Transplantation of juvenile corals: A new approach for enhancing colonization of artificial reefs. Marine Biology 127:499-505. 1997 Lab Study Algae; Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Octocoral; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Stony Coral; Tunicates
Medio, D., R. F. G. Ormond, and M. Pearson. 1997. Effect of briefings on rates of damage to corals by scuba divers. Biological Conservation 79:91-95. 1997 Cuba; Egypt Environmental Education & Outreach; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Hixon, M. A. and M. H. Carr. 1997. Synergistic predation, density dependence, and population regulation in marine fish. Science 277:946-949. 1997 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Finfish Harvest; Special Use Permitting
Roberts, M. 1997. Coral controversy: a little known deep water coral provides a focus for environmental concern over the rapid development of the Atlantic Frontier. North Sea Monitor 15:5-Apr. 1997 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Oil & Gas Industry
Wetherbee, B. M., G. L. Crow, and C. G. Lowe. 1997. Distribution, reproduction and diet of the gray reef shark Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos in Hawaii. Marine Ecology Progress Series 151:181-189. 1997 US Pacific & Hawaii Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Octopus & Squid
[No author name available]. 1997. Late Ordovician brachiopods and biostratigraphy of the Hudson Bay Lowlands, northern Manitoba and Ontario. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada 513:Jan-46. 1997 Sediment; Social Organizations; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Laroche, J., J. Razanoelisoa, E. Fauroux, and M. W. Rabenevanana. 1997. The reef fisheries surrounding the south-west coastal cities of Madagascar. Fisheries Management and Ecology 4:285-299. 1997 Madagascar Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Substrate
Craig, P. C., J. H. Choat, L. M. Axe, and S. Saucerman. 1997. Population biology and harvest of the coral reef surgeonfish Acanthurus lineatus in American Samoa. Fishery Bulletin 95:680-693. 1997 Samoa; American Samoa Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Buesseler, K. O. 1997. The isotopic signature of fallout plutonium in the North Pacific. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 36:69-83. 1997 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Marshall Islands Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Spalding, M. D. and A. M. Grenfell. 1997. New estimates of global and regional coral reef areas. Coral Reefs 16:225-230. 1997 Global Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector
Daily, G. C., S. Alexander, P. R. Ehrlich, L. Goulder, J. Lubchenco, P. A. Matson, H. A. Mooney, S. Postel, S. H. Schneider, D.Tilman, and G. M. Woodwell. 1997. Ecosystem services: benefits supplied to human societies by natural ecosystems. Issues in Ecology 1:1-18. 1997 Global Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Climate; Economic Markets & Policies; Forestry; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Special Use Permitting
Schirripa, M. J. and K. M. Burns. 1997. Growth estimates for three species of reef fish in the eastern gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science 61:581-591. 1997 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Schreiber, U., R. Gademann, P. J. Ralph, and A. W. D. Larkum. 1997. Assessment of photosynthetic performance of Prochloron in Lissoclinum patella in hospite by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. Plant and Cell Physiology 38:945-951. 1997 Australia Cyanobacteria; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Microorganisms; Primary Production
[No author name available]. 1997. Special Issue: 5th symposium on our environment. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 44:1-615. 1997 Global; Malaysia; Southeast Asia Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Artificial Habitat; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Link, J. 1997. Untrawlable bottom in shrimp statistical zones of the northwest Gulf of Mexico. Marine Fisheries Review 59:33-36. 1997 South & Central America; Mexico Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invertebrate Harvest; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Culbertson Jan, C. 1997. Alternative donation options with the Texas Artificial Reef Program. Pages 421-431 in Proceedings of the Annual Offshore Technology Conference. 1997 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Funding & Donations; Tourism & Recreation
White, A. T., V. Barker, and G. Tantrigama. 1997. Using integrated coastal management and economics to conserve coastal tourism resources in sri lanka. Ambio 26:335-344. 1997 Sri Lanka Banks, Credit, & Securities; Beaches & Nature Parks; Tourism & Recreation
Misc. 1997. Breakthroughs in science, technology and medicine: biology Discover, Sept:. 1997 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Pickering, H. and D. Whitmarsh. 1997. Artificial reefs and fisheries exploitation: A review of the 'attraction versus production' debate, the influence of design and its significance for policy. Fisheries Research 31:39-59. 1997 Review Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Samoilys, M. A. 1997. Movement in a large predatory fish: coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus (Pisces: Serranidae), on Heron Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs 16:151-158. 1997 Australia Fish; Fishing Sector
Basiron, M. N. 1997. Marine tourism industry-trends and prospects. in Papers presented at the National Seminar on the Development of Marine Tourism Industry in South East Asia. Langkawi. 1997 Global Tourism & Recreation
Rouphael, A. B. and G. J. Inglis. 1997. Impacts of recreational SCUBA diving at sites with different reef topographies. Biological Conservation 82:329-336. 1997 Australia; Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Rodgers, K. B., M. A. Cane, and D. P. Schrag. 1997. Seasonal variability of sea surface Δ14C in the equatorial Pacific in an ocean circulation model. Journal of Geophysical Research 102:18627-18639. 1997 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Guam Model
Donaldson, L. R., A. H. Seymour, and A. E. Nevissi. 1997. University of Washington's radioecological studies in the Marshall Islands, 1946-1977. Health Physics 73:214-222. 1997 US Pacific & Hawaii; Marshall Islands Lab Study; Index or Indicator Algae; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Plankton; Sediment
Robison, W. L., K. T. Bogen, and C. L. Conrado. 1997. An updated dose assessment for resettlement options at Bikini Atoll - A U.S. nuclear test site. Health Physics 73:100-114. 1997 Marshall Islands; Europe Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fish; Housing; Surface & Groundwater Flow
[No author name available]. 1997. Proceedings of the 1998 30th Offshore Technology Conference, OTC. Part 3 (of 4). in Proceedings of the Annual Offshore Technology Conference. 1997 Pipelines; Seawater Flow; Storms & Hurricanes
Simon, S. L. 1997. A brief history of people and events related to atomic weapons testing in the Marshall Islands. Health Physics 73:20-May. 1997 Micronesia; Marshall Islands Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Military; Remediation
Santos, M. N. and C. C. Monteiro. 1997. The Olhao artificial reef system (south Portugal): Fish assemblages and fishing yield. Fisheries Research 30:33-41. 1997 Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
White, E. W. 1997. Biomaterials innovation: It's a long road to the operating room. Materials Research Innovations 1:57-63. 1997 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Guard, M. and M. Masaiganah. 1997. Dynamite fishing in southern Tanzania, geographical variation, intensity of use and possible solutions. Marine Pollution Bulletin 34:758-762. 1997 Tanzania Finfish Harvest
Zhang, D., J. Lin, and R. L. Creswell. 1997. Effect of eyestalk ablation on molt cycle and reproduction in the banded coral shrimp, Stenopus hispidus (Oliver). Journal of Shellfish Research 16:363-366. 1997 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Ilgner, H. J. and C. P. Kramers. 1997. Lateral hydraulic transportation of comminuted reef and waste in future concentrated mining operations. Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 97:83-88. 1997 South Africa Review Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining
Dvorak, J. 1997. Geology of palaeozoic sediments in the surroundings of Ostrov u Macochy (Moravian Karst, Moravia) [Geologie paleozoika v okoli Ostrova u Macochy (Moravský kras, Morava)]. Journal of the Czech Geological Society 42:105-110. 1997 Drinking Water Supply; Sediment
Ohgushi, H. 1997. Coral derived porous framework having different chemical compositions as a scaffold for osteoblastic differentiation. Materials Science Forum 250:209-220. 1997 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Wassenberg, T. J., S. J. M. Blaber, C. Y. Burridge, D. T. Brewer, J. P. Salini, and N. Gribble. 1997. The effectiveness of fish and shrimp trawls for sampling fish communities in tropical Australia. Fisheries Research 30:241-251. 1997 Florida; Australia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Invertebrate Harvest; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Walters, C., V. Christensen, and D. Pauly. 1997. Structuring dynamic models of exploited ecosystems from trophic mass-balance assessments. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 7:139-172. 1997 Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Mcclanahan, T. R., H. Glaesel, J. Rubens, and R. Kiambo. 1997. The effects of traditional fisheries management on fisheries yields and the coral-reef ecosystems of southern Kenya. Environmental Conservation 24:105-120. 1997 Kenya Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Liao, I. C. 1997. Status, problems and prospects of stock enhancement in Taiwan. Hydrobiologia 352:167-180. 1997 Japan; Taiwan Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Special Use Permitting
Tole, M. P. 1997. Pollution of groundwater in the coastal Kwale District, Kenya. IAHS-AISH Publication 240:287-297. 1997 Kenya Hotel & Food Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Water Depth & Sea Level
McManus, J. W. 1997. Tropical marine fisheries and the future of coral reefs: A brief review with emphasis on Southeast Asia. Coral Reefs 16. 1997 Global; Southeast Asia Review; Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Scientific Research; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Wolanski, E. and J. Sarsenski. 1997. Larvae dispersion in coral reefs and mangroves. American Scientist 85:236-243. 1997 Model Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves
Roberts, C. M. 1997. Connectivity and management of Carribean coral reefs. Science 278:1454-1457. 1997 GIS & Maps Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Zeller, D. C. 1997. Home range and activity patterns of the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae). Marine Ecology Progress Series 154:65-77. 1997 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
World Resource Institute International Marinelife Alliance, editor. 1997. Sullied Seas. WRI, Washington D.C. 1997 Global; Tanzania; Maldives; Fiji; Papua New Guinea; Southeast Asia; Vietnam; Indonesia; Philippines; Germany Lab Study; GIS & Maps Apex Fish Predators; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Health Policies; Live Collection; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
J. R. Maxted, S. B. Weisberg, J. C. Chaillou, R. A. Eskin, F. W. Kutz. 1997. The Ecological Condition of Dead-End Canals of the Delaware and Maryland Coastal Bays. Estuaries 20:319-327. 1997 Boating Activities; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Housing; Invertebrates; Marine Worms; Sediment
van Gent Marcel, R. A. 1997. Numerical modelling of wave interaction with dynamically stable structures. Pages 1930-1943 in Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference. 1997 Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Engineering; Shoreline Protection
Tilson, D. J. and D. W. Stacks. 1997. To know us is to love us: The public relations campaign to sell a 'Business-tourist-friendly' Miami. Public Relations Review 23:95-115. 1997 Florida Review Tourism & Recreation
Peters, E.C., N.J. Gassman, J.C. Firman, R.H. Richmonds, E.A. Power. 1997. Ecotoxicology of Tropical Marine Ecosystems. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 16:12-40. 1997 Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Agriculture; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Chemical Use Regulations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics
Wantiez, L., P. Thollot, and M. Kulbicki. 1997. Effects of marine reserves on coral reef fish communities from five islands in New Caledonia. Coral Reefs 16:215-224. 1997 New Caledonia Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Jones, R. J. and A. L. Steven. 1997. Effects of cyanide on corals in relation to cyanide fishing on reefs. Marine and Freshwater Research 48:517-522. 1997 Algae; Finfish Harvest; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Griffiths, M. H. 1997. The life history and stock separation of silver kob, Argyrosomus inodorus, in South African waters. Fishery Bulletin 95:47-67. 1997 South Africa Fishing Sector; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Luttinger, N. 1997. Community-based coral reef conservation in the Bay Islands of Honduras. Ocean and Coastal Management 36:22-Nov. 1997 Honduras Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Makoloweka, S. and K. Shurcliff. 1997. Coastal management in Tanga, Tanzania: A decentralized community-based approach. Ocean and Coastal Management 37:349-357. 1997 Indian Ocean; Tanzania; India Aquaculture; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Landuse Management; Mangroves
Jenson, J. W., J. M. Jocson, and H. G. Siegrist. 1997. Groundwater discharge styles from an uplifted Pleistocene island karst aquifer, Guam, Mariana Islands. Pages 15-19 in The engineering geology and hydrogeology of karst terranes. Proc. 6th multidisciplinary conference, Springfield, 1997. 1997 Guam Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Macdonald, L. H., D. M. Anderson, and W. E. Dietrich. 1997. Paradise threatened: Land use and erosion on St. John, US Virgin Islands. Environmental Management 21:851-863. 1997 US Virgin Islands Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps Agriculture; Mangroves; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Transportation Policies
Vallejo, B.M. Jr. 1997. An overview of the Philippine marine aquarium fish industry. Pages 1981-6 in Proceedings of the 8th Int Coral Reef Sym. 1997 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
Grossman, G. D., G. P. Jones, and W. J. Seaman Jr. 1997. Do artificial reefs increase regional fish production? A review of existing data. Fisheries 22:17-23. 1997 Review Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Special Use Permitting
Gaillard, S., P. Pellerin, P. Dhellemmes, B. Pertuzon, J.-P. Lejeune, and J.-L. Christiaens. 1997. Strategy of craniofacial reconstruction after resection of spheno- orbital 'en plaque' meningiomas. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 100:1113-1120. 1997 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Fitzsimmons, N. N., C. J. Limpus, J. A. Norman, A. R. Goldizen, J. D. Miller, and C. Moritz. 1997. Philopatry of male marine turtles inferred from mitochondrial DNA markers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 94:8912-8917. 1997 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Sea Turtles
Hunter, D. J., L. G. G. Yapa, and N. V. Hue. 1997. Effects of green manure and coral lime on corn growth and chemical properties of an acid Oxisol in Western Samoa. Biology and Fertility of Soils 24:266-273. 1997 Samoa Agriculture; Domestic Animal Waste; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrients
Attwood, C. G., J. M. Harris, and A. J. Williams. 1997. International experience of marine protected areas and their relevance to South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 311-332. 1997 South Africa Field Study & Monitoring Corporate Responses; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Singh, B. 1997. Climate-related global changes in the southern Caribbean: Trinidad and Tobago. Global and Planetary Change 15:93-111. 1997 Global; South & Central America; Trinidad; Tobago; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Shaochun, XU and E. Poty. 1997. Rugose corals near the Tournaisian-Visean boundary in south China. Boletin - Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural: Seccion Geologica 92:349-363. 1997 China Agriculture; Sediment
Mcmanus, J. W., R. B. Reyes Jr., and C. L. Nanola Jr. 1997. Effects of some destructive fishing methods on coral cover and potential rates of recovery. Environmental Management 21:69-78. 1997 Philippines Model Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Finfish Harvest
Bavestrello, G., C. Cerrano, D. Zanzi, and R. Cattaneo-Vietti. 1997. Damage by fishing activities to the Gorgonian coral Paramuricea clavata in the Ligurian Sea. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 7:253-262. 1997 Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Marine Worms; Octocoral
Ohman, M. C., A. Rajasuriya, and E. Olafsson. 1997. Reef fish assemblages in north-western Sri Lanka: Distribution patterns and influences of fishing practises. Environmental Biology of Fishes 49:45-61. 1997 Sri Lanka Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Stony Coral
Probert, P. K., D. G. McKnight, and S. L. Grove. 1997. Benthic invertebrate bycatch from a deep-water trawl fishery, Chatham rise, New Zealand. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 7:27-40. 1997 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Review Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Echinoderms; Fishing Sector; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Water Depth & Sea Level
Falcon, J. M., S. A. Bortone, A. Brito, and C. M. Bundrick. 1996. Structure of and relationships within and between the littoral, rock- substrate fish communities off four islands in the Canarian Archipelago. Marine Biology 125:215-231. 1996 Model; Index or Indicator Algae; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sea Urchins; Substrate
Davis, G. E., P. L. Haaker, and D. V. Richards. 1996. Status and trends of white abalone at the California Channel Islands. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 125:42-48. 1996 Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
[No author name available]. 1996. Guidelines for integrated coastal zone management. Guidelines for integrated coastal zone management. 1996 Beaches & Nature Parks; Fishing Sector; Wetlands
Burrage, D. M., C. R. Steinberg, W. J. Skirving, and J. A. Kleypas. 1996. Mesoscale circulation features of the great barrier reef region inferred from NOAA satellite imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment 56:21-41. 1996 Australia Model; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Dalzell, P., T. J. H. Adams, and N. V. C. Polunin. 1996. Coastal fisheries in the Pacific Islands. Pages 395-531 Oceanography and Marine Biology: an annual review. Vol. 34. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Review Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Pearce, F. 1996. Crumbling away: is dredging the villain in the drama of Britain's eroding coasts? New Scientist 152:14-15. 1996 Britain Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Sediment
Vargas-Angel, B. 1996. Distribution and community structure of the reef corals of Ensenada de Utria, Pacific coast of Colombia. Revista de Biologia Tropical 44:643-651. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Plankton; Stony Coral
Harris Lee, E., J. Mostkoff Benjamin, and GE RA LD Zadikoff. 1996. Artificial reefs: from waste to resources. Pages 754-759 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1996 Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Complex Habitat & Resources; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Housing; Shoreline Armoring; Tourism & Recreation
Poulsen, A. L. 1996. Coral reef gastropods - A sustainable resource? Pacific Conservation Biology 2:142-145. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Commercial Fisheries; Molluscs; Resource Use Management
Magan, A. and U. Ripamonti. 1996. Geometry of porous hydroxyapatite implants influences osteogenesis in baboons (Papio ursinus). Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 7:71-78. 1996 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Amar, E. C., R. M. T. Cheong, and M. V. T. Cheong. 1996. Small-scale fisheries of coral reefs and the need for community-based resource management in Malalison Island, Philippines. Fisheries Research 25:265-277. 1996 Philippines Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Resource Use Management; Small Herbivorous Fish; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Watson, M., D. Righton, T. Austin, and R. Ormond. 1996. The effects of fishing on coral reef fish abundance and diversity. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 76:229-233. 1996 Kenya Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Wilkinson, C. R. 1996. Global change and coral reefs: Impacts on reefs, economies and human cultures. Global Change Biology 2:547-558. 1996 Global Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
English, D. B. K., W. Kriesel, V. R. Leeworthy, and P. C. Wiley. 1996. Linking the Economy and Environment of Florida Keys/Florida Bay. 1996 Florida Tourism & Recreation
Hill, G. J. E., P. K. Dyer, J. L. Carter, and T. Barnes. 1996. Nesting activity, breeding success and colony size for the wedge-tailed shearwater Puffinus pacificus on Heron Island. Australian Journal of Ecology 21:316-323. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Cuba Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Sivakumar, M., T. S. Sampath Kumar, K. L. Shantha, and K. Panduranga Rao. 1996. Development of hydroxyapatite derived from Indian coral. Biomaterials 17:1709-1714. 1996 India Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Jennings, S., S. S. Marshall, and N. V. C. Polunin. 1996. Seychelles' marine protected areas: Comparative structure and status of reef fish communities. Biological Conservation 75:201-209. 1996 Seychelles Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Leeworthy, V. R. 1996. Linking the Economy and Environment of Florida Keys/Florida Bay. 1996 Florida Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Leeworthy, V. R. and P. C. Wiley. 1996. Linking the Economy and Environment of Florida Keys/Florida Bay. 1996 Florida Cruise Ships; Housing
Leeworthy, V. R. and P. C. Wiley. 1996. Linking the Economy and Environment of Florida Keys/Florida Bay. 1996 Florida Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Collaboration & Partnering; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Monetary Valuation; Non-Monetary Valuation; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Stimson, J., S. Larned, and K. McDermid. 1996. Seasonal growth of the coral reef macroalga Dictyosphaeria cavernosa (Forskal) Borgesen and the effects of nutrient availability, temperature and herbivory on growth rate. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 196:53-77. 1996 Lab Study Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Light; Nutrients; Sediment
De Peretti, F., C. Trojani, P. M. Cambas, R. Loubiere, and C. Argenson. 1996. Coral Graft As Support In The Surgical Treatment Of Articular Traumatic Depression [Le Corail Comme Soutien D'Un Enfoncement Articulaire Traumatique. Etude Prospective Au Membre Inferieur De 23 Cas]. Revue de Chirurgie Orthopedique et Reparatrice de l'Appareil Moteur 82:234-240. 1996 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Evans, C. R., A. P. M. Lockwood, and A. J. Evans. 1996. Field Studies of the Population Dynamics of the Spotted Spiny Lobster Panulirus guttatus (Latreille) at Bermuda. Gulf of Mexico Science 14:55-64. 1996 Bermuda Field Study & Monitoring Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Stanton, H. J. 1996. The marlboro man on coral beaches. Tobacco Control 5:8-Jul. 1996 Beaches & Nature Parks
Ainley, D. G., L. B. Spear, S. G. Allen, and C. A. Ribic. 1996. Temporal and spatial patterns in the diet of the Common Murre in California waters. Condor 98:691-705. 1996 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Birds; Recreational Fishing
Cuellar, N., G. R. Sedberry, and D. M. Wyanski. 1996. Reproductive seasonality, maturation, fecundity, and spawning frequency of the vermilion snapper, Rhomboplites aurorubens, off the southeastern United States. Fishery Bulletin 94:635-653. 1996 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Commercial Fishing Boats; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Schmale, M. C. and T. W. Kemerer. 1996. Melanophores in damselfish neurofibromatosis: Alterations in morphology and melanosome aggregation responses. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 8:12-Jan. 1996 Florida Fish; Pathogens; Small Herbivorous Fish
Sylwester, R. E., J. L. Dasler, and T. C. Sullivan. 1996. A marine geophysical investigation to determine the cause for failure of the yaquina bay jetty, newport, oregon. Geotechnical Special Publication 62:42-55. 1996 Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Military; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Osborn, TI M, KE VI N Bodge, MI LE S Croom, MA RK Schroeder, and CH AR LI E Wahle. 1996. Structural restoration of two coral reefs in the Florida keys national marine sanctuary. Pages 14-17 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1996 Florida Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Collaboration & Partnering; Military
Gledhill, C. T., J. Lyczkowski-Shultz, K. Rademacher, E. Kargard, G. Crist, and M. A. Grace. 1996. Evaluation of video and acoustic index methods for assessing reef-fish populations. ICES Journal of Marine Science 53:483-485. 1996 South & Central America; Mexico Index or Indicator Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
McShane, P. E., P. K. Gerring, O. A. Anderson, and R. A. Stewart. 1996. Population differences in the reproductive biology of Evechinus chloroticus (Echinoidea: Echinometridae). New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 30:333-339. 1996 Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins
Anisko, T. and O. M. Lindstrom. 1996. Cold hardiness of evergreen azaleas is increased by water stress imposed at three dates. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 121:296-300. 1996 Lab Study Water
Hinrichsen, DO N. 1996. Coasts in Crisis: The earth's most biologically productive habitats are being smothered by development. Only coordinated international action can save them. Issues in Science and Technology 12:39-47. 1996 Global Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Pathogens; Resource Use Management; Wetlands
Flathman Paul, E., L. Laski Mary, R. Trausch Jason, H. Carson Jr. John, M. Woodhull Patrick, E. Jerger Douglas, and R. Lear Paul. 1996. Effect of micronutrient addition on the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC)-contaminated coral sand at a U.S. Navy facility on Midway Island in the Pacific. in Proceedings of the Air & Waste Management Association's Annual Meeting & Exhibition. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii Lab Study Coastal Defense; Military; Nutrients; Remediation; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies
Kulbicki, M. 1996. First observations on the fish communities of fringing reefs in the region of Maumere (Flores - Indonesia). Atoll Research Bulletin 10-Aug. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia; Indonesia Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertebrates; Large Herbivorous Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Small Herbivorous Fish
Richards, R. P., D. B. Baker, N. L. Creamer, J. W. Kramer, D. E. Ewing, B. J. Merryfield, and L. K. Wallrabenstein. 1996. Well water quality, well vulnerability, and agricultural contamination in the midwestern United States. Journal of Environmental Quality 25:389-402. 1996 India GIS & Maps Agriculture; Cultural Protections; Drinking Water Supply; Surface & Groundwater Flow
CPTAS,. 1996. Coastal Protection Technical Assistance Service on-line library. Coastal Protection Technical Assistance Service on-line library. 1996 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; GIS & Maps Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection
Ray, G. C. 1996. Coastal-marine discontinuities and synergisms: Implications for biodiversity conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation 5:1095-1108. 1996 South & Central America; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Pathogens; Whales & Dolphins
Muller-Mai, C., C. Voigt, S. R. De Almeida Reis, H. Herbst, and U. M. Gross. 1996. Substitution of natural coral by cortical bone and bone marrow in the rat femur. Part II SEM, TEM, and in situ hybridization. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 7:479-488. 1996 Complex Habitat & Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Petite, H., K. Kacem, and J. T. Triffitt. 1996. Adhesion, growth and differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells on non-porous calcium carbonate and plastic substrata: Effects of dexamethasone and 1,25dihydroxyvitamin D3. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 7:665-671. 1996 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Clark, J. R. 1996. Coastal zone management handbook. Coastal zone management handbook. 1996 Global; South & Central America; Australia; Indian Ocean; India; Caribbean Agriculture; Aquaculture; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation
Shealer, D. A. 1996. Foraging habitat use and profitability in tropical roseate terns and sandwich terns. Auk 113:209-217. 1996 Puerto Rico Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish
Reaka-Kudla, M. L. 1996. The global diversity of coral reefs: a comparison with rain forests. Pages 83-108 in Reaka-Kudla, M. L., D. E. Wilson, and E. O. Wilson, editors. Biodiversity II: Understanding and Protecting our Natural Resources. Joseph Henry Press, Washington, DC. 1996 Global Tourism & Recreation
Richards, M. 1996. Sun Eagle Ansett's high class resort ferry from NQEA. Work Boat World 15:23-24. 1996 Australia Hotel & Food Services; Small Boats
Russ, G. R. and A. C. Alcala. 1996. Do marine reserves export adult fish biomass? Evidence from Apo Island, central Philippines. Marine Ecology Progress Series 132:9-Jan. 1996 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring; Model Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Jennings, S. and N. V. C. Polunin. 1996. Fishing strategies, fishery development and socioeconomics in traditionally managed Fijian fishing grounds. Fisheries Management and Ecology 3:335-347. 1996 Fiji Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Frihy, O. E., A. M. Fanos, A. A. Khafagy, and K. A. Abu Aesha. 1996. Human impacts on the coastal zone of Hurghada, northern Red Sea, Egypt. Geo-Marine Letters 16:324-329. 1996 Egypt Tourism & Recreation
Rueger, B. F. and T. N. Von Wallmenich. 1996. Human impact on the forests of Bermuda: The decline of endemic cedar and palmetto since 1609, recorded in the holocene pollen record of Devonshire Marsh. Journal of Paleolimnology 16:59-66. 1996 Bermuda Housing
Carte, B. K. 1996. Biomedical Potential of Marine Natural Products. Bioscience 46:271-286. 1996 Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Invertebrates; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Gillanders, B. M. and M. J. Kingsford. 1996. Elements in otoliths may elucidate the contribution of estuarine recruitment to sustaining coastal reef populations of a temperate reef fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series 141:13-20. 1996 Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Seagrasses
Martin, J. M., J. C. Braga, C. Betzler, and T. Brachert. 1996. Sedimentary model and high-frequency cyclicity in a Mediterranean, shallow-shelf, temperate-carbonate environment (uppermost Miocene, Agua Amarga Basin, Southern Spain). Sedimentology 43:263-277. 1996 Spain Model Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Coralline Algae; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Sato, A. 1996. The search for new drugs from marine organisms. Journal of Toxicology - Toxin Reviews 15:171-198. 1996 Algae; Microorganisms; Octocoral; Sponges; Tunicates
Fukuda, T. 1996. What does the red-tiled roof mean? The conservation movement in the historic district of Taketomi Island, Okinawa. Geographical Review of Japan, Series A 69:727-743. 1996 Japan Building & Home Construction; Cultural Protections; Housing; Invasive Species; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landscaping & Household Services; Military; Tourism & Recreation
Sammarco, P. W. 1996. Comments on coral reef regeneration, bioerosion, biogeography, and chemical ecology: Future directions. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 200:135-168. 1996 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Review Commercial Fisheries; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sediment
Allison, W. R. 1996. Snorkeler damage to reef corals in the Maldive Islands. Coral Reefs 15:215-218. 1996 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Hotel & Food Services
Kholodov, V. N. and R. I. Nedumov. 1996. Problems of the Caucasus paleoland existence during the Oligocene-Miocene time. Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 4:181-190. 1996 Coal Mining; Sediment
Jennings, S., D. P. Boulle, and N. V. C. Polunin. 1996. Habitat correlates of the distribution and biomass of Seychelles' reef fishes. Environmental Biology of Fishes 46:15-25. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii; Seychelles Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Cortes, J. and C. E. Jimenez. 1996. Coastal-marine environments of Parque Nacional Corcovado, Puntarenas, Costa Rica. Revista de Biologia Tropical 44:35-40. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii; Costa Rica Beaches & Nature Parks; Stony Coral
Chen, L., W. Klaes, and S. Assenmacher. 1996. A comparative morphometric and histologic study of five bone substitute materials. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 76:527-530. 1996 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Abbot, R. H., D. W. Lane, M. J. Sinclair, and T. A. Spurling. 1996. Lasers chart the waters of Australia's great barrier reef. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 2964:72-90. 1996 Australia Review; Remote Sensing Coastal Defense; Military
Ohtsuka, Y. and K. Asami. 1996. Ion-exchanged calcium from calcium carbonate and low-rank coals: High catalytic activity in steam gasification. Energy and Fuels 10:431-435. 1996 Calcium Carbonate Deposition; CO2; Coal Mining
[No author name available]. 1996. ReefBase. ReefBase. 1996 Philippines GIS & Maps Aquaculture; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Fish; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Raines, G. L. and J. K. Honke. 1996. Honolulu's street relief. Civil Engineering 66:70-72. 1996 Pipelines; Ports & Harbors
Vuola, J., H. Goransson, T. Bohling, and S. Asko-Seljavaara. 1996. Bone marrow induced osteogenesis in hydroxyapatite and calcium carbonate implants. Biomaterials 17:1761-1766. 1996 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Roux, F. X., O. Laccourreye, B. Devaux, C. Cioloca, and D. Brasnu. 1996. Development of reconstruction techniques of the anterior skull base after tumor excision [Evolution des techniques de reconstruction de la base anterieure du crâne apres exerese tumorale.]. Annales d'oto-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico faciale : bulletin de la Société d'oto-laryngologie des hôpitaux de Paris 113:29-33. 1996 Medical Centers; Pathogens
Verschelde, D. and M. Vincx. 1996. Four new species of the family Desmodoridae (Nematoda, Desmodoroidea) from Kenya. Zoologica Scripta 25:20-Jan. 1996 Kenya Beaches & Nature Parks
Polunin, N. V. C. and C. M. Roberts. 1996. Reef Fisheries. Reef Fisheries, London. 1996 Fishing Sector
Aabel, J. P., S. J. Cripps, and G. Kjeilen. 1996. Offshore petroleum installations in the North Sea used as fish aggregating devices - potential and suggestions for preparation, management and monitoring. Pages 295-303 in International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. 1996 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
Gardner, G. 1996. Gribble in the greenheart. New Civil Engineer (NCE) 1171:18-19. 1996 Artificial Habitat; Forestry
Harvey, L. D. D. 1996. Development of a risk-hedging CO2-emission policy, Part I: Risks of unrestrained emissions. Climatic change 34:Jan-40. 1996 Global Review Agriculture; Climate; CO2; Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Aguilar-Perera, A. and W. Aguilar-Davila. 1996. A spawning aggregation of Nassau grouper Epinephelus striatus (Pisces: Serranidae) in the Mexican Caribbean. Environmental Biology of Fishes 45:351-361. 1996 South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico Finfish Harvest; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Newman, S. J., D. MC B. Williams, and G. R. Russ. 1996. Age validation, growth and mortality rates of the tropical snappers (Pisces: Lutjanidae) Lutjanus adetii (Castelnau, 1873) and L. quinquelineatus (Bloch, 1790) from the central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 47:575-584. 1996 Australia Finfish Harvest; Piscivorous Fish
Pockley, P. 1996. Australian reef fisheries project swims for survival. Nature 384:9. 1996 Australia Fishing Sector
Hamzah, AM IR, A. AD JI Z Saleh, and SA TY A Budhi Takdir. 1996. Marine management efforts for the Pagerungan gas development. Pages 891-898 in International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. 1996 Indonesia Artificial Habitat; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Waterborne Discharges
Raymond, K. 1996. The long-term future of the great barrier reef. Futures 28:947-970. 1996 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Tourism & Recreation
Gao, T., T. S. Lindholm, A. Marttinen, and M. R. Urist. 1996. Composites of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and type IV collagen, coral-derived coral hydroxyapatite, and tricalcium phosphate ceramics. International Orthopaedics 20:321-325. 1996 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Renaud, P. E., W. G. Ambrose Jr., S. R. Riggs, and D. A. Syster. 1996. Multi-level effects of severe storms on an offshore temperate reef system: Benthic sediments, macroalgae, and implications for fisheries. Marine Ecology 17:383-398. 1996 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
De Andrade Nery Leao, Z. M. 1996. The Coral Reefs of Bahia: Morphology, Distribution and the Major Environmental Impacts. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 68:439-452. 1996 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Model Algae; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Hicklenton, P. R. and K. G. Cairns. 1996. Plant water relations and mineral nutrition of containerized nursery plants in relation to irrigation method. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 76:155-160. 1996 Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Irrigation; Nutrients
Price, A. R. G. and I. Firaq. 1996. The environmental status of reefs on Maldivian resort islands: A preliminary assessment for tourism planning. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 6:93-106. 1996 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Hotel & Food Services; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Dye, T. S. and W. R. Dickinson. 1996. Sources of sand tempers in prehistoric Tongan pottery. Geoarchaeology - An International Journal 11:141-164. 1996 Fiji; Tonga Beaches & Nature Parks
Smith, J. M. B. 1996. Notes on coral-trees (Erythrina) in Australia with particular reference to E. crista-galli L. in New South Wales. Australian Geographical Studies 34:225-236. 1996 South & Central America; Australia Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Beaches & Nature Parks; Invasive Species
Strasser, A., H. Arnaud, F. Baudin, and U. Rohl. 1995. Small-scale shallow-water carbonate sequences of Resolution Guyot (Sites 866, 867, and 868). Pages 119-131 in Proc., scientific results, ODP, Leg 143, northwest Pacific atolls and guyots. 1995 US Pacific & Hawaii Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Rigo, F. 1995. Overlooked Tunisia reef play may have giant field potential. Oil and Gas Journal 93:56-60. 1995 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
Santavy, D. L., T. M. Schmidt, and S. S. Wilkinson. 1995. Phylogeny of Phormidium corallyticum (Rutzler & Santavy, 1983) using 16S rRNA. in Proceedings of the 7th Investigators' Meeting for EPA's Environmental Releases of Biotechnology Products Risk Assessment Program. Gulf Breeze,Fl. . 1995 Biotechnology Research & Development
Petrae, Lcdr. G. 1995. Barge Morris J. Berman Spill: NOAA�s Scientific Response. HAZMAT Report No. 95-10. Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle. 1995 Coastal Defense; Collaboration & Partnering; Petroleum Spills
Jennings, S., E. M. Grandcourt, and N. V. C. Polunin. 1995. The effects of fishing on the diversity, biomass and trophic structure of Seychelles' reef fish communities. Coral Reefs 14:225-235. 1995 Seychelles Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates
McClanahan, T. R. and D. Obura. 1995. Status of Kenyan coral reefs. Coastal Management 23:57-76. 1995 Kenya Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins
Rajasuriya, A. and A. T. White. 1995. Coral reefs of Sri Lanka: review of their extent, condition, and management status. Coastal Management 23:77-90. 1995 Sri Lanka Review Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sediment
Dayaratne, P., O. Linden, and M. W. R. N. De Silva. 1995. Puttalam Lagoon and Mundel Lake, Sri Lanka: a study of coastal resources: their utilisation, environmental issues and management options. Ambio 24:391-401. 1995 Sri Lanka Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Wetlands
Senderowicz, A. M., G. Kaur, E. Saina, C. Lang, W. D. Inman, J. Rodriguez, P. Crews, L. Malspeis, M. R. Grever, E. A. Sausville, and K. L. K. Duncan. 1995. Jasplakinolide�s inhibition of the growth of prostate carcinoma cells in vitro with disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 87:46-51. 1995 US Pacific & Hawaii Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Deslarzes, K. J. P., P. N. Boothe, B. J. Presley, and G. L. Steinmentz. 1995. Historical incorporation of barium in the reef building coral Montastrea annularis at the Flower Garden Banks, north-west Gulf of Mexico. Marine Pollution Bulletin 30:718-722. 1995 South & Central America; Mexico Index or Indicator Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
Schiel, D. R., N. L. Andrew, and M. S. Foster. 1995. The structure of subtidal algal and invertebrate assemblages at the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. Marine Biology 123:355-367. 1995 Algae; Commercial Fisheries; Invertebrates; Sea Urchins
1995. GLOBAL PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT FROM LAND-BASED ACTIVITIES. United Nations Environment Programme, Washington, D.C.(USA). 1995 Global Agriculture; Non-point Source Runoff; Wetlands
Rillera, F. G. 1995. Independent focuses Philippines exploration on Visayan Basin. Oil and Gas Journal 93:68-73. 1995 Philippines Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
[No author name available]. 1995. The dollars and sense of environmental protection. Search 26:309-312. 1995 Australia Tourism & Recreation
Brockman, Dieter, and Alf Jacob Nilsen. 1995. A critical comparison of methods for dosing calcium in sea aquariums, Part 2. Aquarium Frontiers 2:2-27. 1995 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Chen, K. M. 1995. Disappearance of ALS from Guam: Implications for exogenous causes. Pages 1549-1553 in Clinical Neurology. 1995 US Pacific & Hawaii; Cuba; Guam Deforestation & Devegetation; Drinking Water Supply; Golf Course Operations; Hotel & Food Services; Housing; Military; Pathogens; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water
Brockman, Dieter, and Alf Jacob Nilsen. 1995. A critical comparison of methods for dosing calcium in sea aquariums, Part 1. Aquarium Frontiers 2:2-25. 1995 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Hill, G. 1995. Tourism development and environmental limitations at Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef: A response. Journal of Environmental Management 45:91-99. 1995 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Hotel & Food Services; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Albertelli, G., G. Bavestrello, R. Cattaneo-Vietti, E. Olivari, and M. Petrillo. 1995. Artificial habitats for rearing slow-growing marine invertebrates. Pages 455-463 in Coastal ocean space utilization III. Proc. symposium, Genoa, 1993. 1995 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Substrate
Park, D. L. 1995. Prediction of aquatic biotoxin potential in fish and shellfish harvesting areas: ciguatera and diarrheic shellfish poisoning. Pages 271-282 in Coastal ocean space utilization III. Proc. symposium, Genoa, 1993. 1995 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest
Pisano William, C., ST EV E Kiss, DA VI D Connelly, and TO M Giles. 1995. Holistic stormwater master planning for Cape Coral, Fl. Pages 137-140 in [No source information available]. 1995 Florida Finfish Harvest; Irrigation; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water
Pollnac Richard, B. and W. McManus John. 1995. Human factors in a coral reef database. Pages 100-101 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1995 Global Index or Indicator Agriculture; Aquaculture; Cultural Policies; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Natural Gas & Electric Power
Sampath Kumar, T. S., M. Sivakumar, N. P. Kumar, K. S. Selvi, and K. P. Rao. 1995. Synthesis and characterization of bioactive hydroxyapatite/fluoroapatite solid solutions using corals. Bulletin of Materials Science 18:955-961. 1995 India Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Man, A., R. Law, and N. V. C. Polunin. 1995. Role of marine reserves in recruitment to reef fisheries: A metapopulation model. Biological Conservation 71:197-204. 1995 Model Fishing Sector
Antonelli, P. and P. Auger. 1995. Corals and starfish devastation of the great barrier reef: Aggregation methods. Acta Biotheoretica 43:481-493. 1995 Global; Australia Model Military; Seastars; Stony Coral
Rhodes, MI LT. 1995. Coastal zone management in the Eastern Caribbean: current concerns, components, policies and programs. Pages 195-196 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1995 South & Central America; Caribbean Review Economic Markets & Policies; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Smith, A. W. and L. A. Jackson. 1995. The development and impact of harmonic reformed \Miche' wavelets upon a natural beach". Journal of Coastal Research 11:1346-1353. 1995 Australia Lab Study Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment
Okechi, J. K. and J. J. Polovina. 1995. An evaluation of artificial shelters in the artisanal spiny lobster fishery in Gazi Bay, Kenya. South African Journal of Marine Science 373-376. 1995 Kenya Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Seagrasses
Spotte, S. and P. M. Bubucis. 1995. Visual censusing of two coral fishes important to the marine aquarium trade. Conservation Biology 9:1304-1306. 1995 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Kumar, T. S. SA MP AT H, M. Sivakumar, N. PR AS AN TH Kumar, K. SE NT HA MI L Selvi, and K. Panduranga Rao. 1995. Preparation and properties of bioactive coralline hydroxyapatite/fluoroapatite - zirconia composites. in IEEE/ Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference. 1995 India Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Boon John, D., JE FF RE Y Claassen, and F. Pieters Renaldo. 1995. Environmentally responsive artificial beach design, Curacao, Netherlands antilles. Pages 17-18 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1995 Antilles Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Hotel & Food Services; Tourism & Recreation
Sauer, W. H. H. 1995. South Africa's Tsitsikamma National Park as a protected breeding area for the commercially exploited chokka squid Loligo vulgaris reynaudii. South African Journal of Marine Science 365-371. 1995 South Africa Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Octopus & Squid
Jennings, S. and N. V. Polunin. 1995. Biased underwater visual census biomass estimates for target-species in tropical reef fisheries. Journal of Fish Biology 47:733-736. 1995 Fishing Sector
Jennings, S. and N. V. C. Polunin. 1995. Comparative size and composition of yield from six Fijian reef fisheries. Journal of Fish Biology 46:28-46. 1995 Fiji Fishing Sector
Brown, K., R. K. Turner, H. Hameed, and I. Bateman. 1995. Tourism and sustainability in environmentally fragile areas: case studies from the Maldives and Nepal. Working Paper - Centre for Social & Economic Research on the Global Environment. 1995 Global; Maldives Deforestation & Devegetation; Solid Waste Disposal; Tourism & Recreation
Pritchard, P. H., J. G. Mueller, S. E. Lantz, and D. L. Santavy. 1995. The Potential Importance of Biodiversity in Environmental Biotechnology Applications: Bioremediation of PAH-Contaminated Soils and Sediments. Pages 161-184 in D. Allsopp;D.L. Hawksworth;R.R. Colwell, editor. Microbial Diversity and Ecosystem Function. CAB Publishers, Oxon, England. 1995 Biotechnology Research & Development; Remediation; Sediment
Russo Anthony, R. 1995. Survey of selected coral and fish assemblages near the Waianae ocean outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, 1994. Pages 896-906 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1995 US Pacific & Hawaii Discharges; Fish; Pipelines; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Scally Douglas, R., E. Harrington John, and L. Timpe Gerald. 1995. Marine observation network for the Prince William Sound. Pages 741-749 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1995 Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Defense; Petroleum Spills
Levinton, J. S. 1995. Pages 306-319 Marine biology: function, biodiversity, ecology. Oxford University Press, New York. 1995 Tourism & Recreation
McClanahan, T. R. 1995. A coral reef ecosystem-fisheries model: Impacts of fishing intensity and catch selection on reef structure and processes. Ecological Modelling 80:19-Jan. 1995 Model Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Primary Production; Sea Urchins; Shoreline Protection; Small Herbivorous Fish
Goodbody, I. 1995. Ascidian communities in southern Belize - a problem in diversity and conservation. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 5:355-358. 1995 South & Central America; Belize Tourism & Recreation
ANON,. 1995. Submersible craft: a growing market internationally. Work Boat World 14:28-29. 1995 Tourism & Recreation
Pendleton, L. H. 1995. Valuing coral reef protection. Ocean and Coastal Management 26:119-131. 1995 Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Tsuji, Y., H. Matsutomi, F. Imamura, M. Takeo, Y. Kawata, M. Matsuyama, T. Takahashi, Sunarjo, and P. Harjadi. 1995. Damage to coastal villages due to the 1992 Flores Island earthquake tsunami. Pure and Applied Geophysics 144:481-524. 1995 Field Study & Monitoring Housing
United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). 1995. Collection of Tourism Expenditure Statistics. Technical Manual No. 2. 1995 Banks, Credit, & Securities; Tourism & Recreation
Hesp, P. A. 1995. The Environmental Impact Assessment process in Singapore with particular respect to coastal environments and the role of NGOs. Journal of Coastal Conservation 1:135-144. 1995 Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves
Mora, F. and J. P. Ouhayoun. 1995. Clinical evaluation of natural coral and porous hydroxyapatite implants in periodontal bone lesions: results of a 1-year follow-up. Journal of clinical periodontology 22:877-884. 1995 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Spennemann, D. H. R. and B. Franke. 1995. Decomposition of buried human bodies and associated death scene materials on coral atolls in the tropical pacific. Journal of Forensic Sciences 40:356-367. 1995 US Pacific & Hawaii; Marshall Islands Textiles & Apparel
Sulaiman Dede, M., SH IG EA KI Tsutsui, HI RO SH I Yoshioka, TA KA O Yamashita, SH IN IC HI Oshiro, and YO SH IT O Tsuchiya. 1995. Prediction of the maximum wave on the coral flat. Pages 609-623 in Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference. 1995 Indonesia Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Engineering; Shoreline Protection
Syamsudin Abdul, R., YO SH IT O Tsuchiya, and TA KA O Yamashita. 1995. Beach erosion in Kuta beach, Bali and its stabilization. Pages 2683-2697 in Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference. 1995 Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Engineering; Land & Air Transportation; Sediment
Larcombe, P., P. V. Ridd, A. Prytz, and B. Wilson. 1995. Factors controlling suspended sediment on inner-shelf coral reefs, Townsville, Australia. Coral Reefs 14:163-171. 1995 Australia Forestry; Sediment
French Jonathan, A. 1995. Gulf of Aqaba: a common cause in the Middle East peace process. Pages 524-527 in [No source information available]. 1995 Middle East Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Klein, B. Y., S. Jaber, M. Liebergall, H. Ben-Bassat, and I. Leichter. 1995. Mineral composition analysis by Fourier transform infrared in coral bone implants. European Journal of Experimental Musculoskeletal Research 4:21-26. 1995 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Leitha, T., A. Staudenherz, and U. Scholz. 1995. Three-phase hone scintigraphy of hydroxyapatite ocular implants. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine 22:308-314. 1995 Model Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Davis, D., V. Harriott, C. Macnamara, L. Roberts, and S. Austin. 1995. Conflicts in a marine protected area: scuba divers, economics, ecology and management in Julian Rocks Aquatic Reserve. Australian Parks & Recreation 31:29-35. 1995 Australia; Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
McConnell K. E., I. E. Strand, and L. Blake-Hedges. 1995. Random utility models of recreational fishing: catching fish using a poisson process. Marine Resource Economics 10:247-261. 1995 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Kangas, P., M. Shave, and P. Shave. 1995. Economics of an ecotouriasm in Belize. Environmental Management 19:669-673. 1995 South & Central America; Belize Funding & Donations; Tourism & Recreation
Prior, M., R. Ormond, R. Hitchen, and C. Wormald. 1995. The impact on natural resources of activity tourism: A case study of diving in Egypt. International Journal of Environmental Studies 48:201-209. 1995 Egypt Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
Sano, S.-i. 1995. Litho- and biofacies of Early Cretaceous rudist-bearing carbonate sediments in northeastern Japan. Sedimentary Geology 99:179-189. 1995 Japan Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment
Henny, C. J., D. D. Rudis, T. J. Roffe, and E. Robinson Wilson. 1995. Contaminants and sea ducks in Alaska and the circumpolar region. Environmental Health Perspectives 103:41-49. 1995 Review Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Pathogens
McPhail, I. and J. E. Brodie. 1995. Science and management: the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA) experience. Pages 82-83 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1995 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Seastars; Tourism & Recreation
Breen, M. 1995. New technologies and techniques in underwater science. Underwater Technology 21:43-47. 1995 Mauritius Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Special Use Permitting; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Ates, Ron. 1995. Colonial anemones - Zoantharia: a review for the seriously interested marine aquarist. Aquarium Frontiers 2:10-13. 1995 Review Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Lodde, J.-P. 1995. Biomaterials In Plastic And Maxillofacial Surgery [Les Biomateriaux En Chirurgie Plastique Et Maxillo-Faciale]. Annales de Chirurgie Plastique et Esthetique 40:676-689. 1995 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Landis David, W. and K. Hanuschak Blair. 1995. Making a splash. Modern Steel Construction 35:18-25. 1995 Florida Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands
Hawkins, J. P. and C. M. Roberts. 1994. The growth of coastal tourism in the Red Sea: Present and future effects on coral reefs. Ambio 23:503-508. 1994 Tourism & Recreation
Turner, S. J. 1994. The biology and population outbreaks of the corallivorous gastropod Drupella on Indo-Pacific reefs. Pages 461-530 Oceanography and marine biology: an annual review. Vol. 32. 1994 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Japan; Marshall Islands; Philippines Review Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Snails & Conch
Stoffle, R. W., D. B. Halmo, T. W. Wagner, and J. J. Luczkovich. 1994. Reefs from space: Satellite imagery, marine ecology, and ethnography in the Dominican Republic. Human Ecology 22:355-378. 1994 Global; Dominican Republic Index or Indicator; Remote Sensing Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation
Huber, M. E. 1994. An assessment of the status of the coral reefs of Papua New Guinea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:69-73. 1994 Global; Papua New Guinea Agriculture; Commercial Fisheries; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Mangroves; Nutrients; Sediment
Hughes, T. P. 1994. Coral reef degradation: a long-term study of human and natural impacts. Pages 208-213 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global; Jamaica Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Sea Urchins; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Lopp, A., A. Pihlak, H. Paves, K. Samuel, R. Koljak, and N. Samel. 1994. The effect of 9,11-secosterol, a newly discovered compound from the soft coral Gersemia fruticosa, on the growth and cell cycle progression of various tumor cells in culture. Steroids 59:274-281. 1994 Octocoral
Delbeek, J.C., J. Sprung. 1994. Alternative Filtration Systems. Pages 142-147 The Reef Aquarium: A Comprehensive Guide to the Identification and Care of Tropical Marine Invertebrates. Ricordea Publishing. 1994 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Invertebrates
Roberts, P. 1994. The application of GPS mapping systems in Central and South America for environmental protection and growth. Geodetical Info Magazine 8:24-27. 1994 South & Central America; Belize; Venezuela; Mexico GIS & Maps Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Infrastructure; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Ohman, M., A. Rajasuriya, and O. Linden. 1994. Three adjacent coral reefs in north-western Sri Lanka; biology and human disturbances. Pages 404-409 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global; Sri Lanka Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Seastars; Tourism & Recreation
Rajasururiya, A. 1994. Present status of coral reefs in Sri Lanka. Pages 410-416 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global; Sri Lanka Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Tourism & Recreation
Pendleton, L. H. 1994. Environmental quality and recreation demand in a Caribbean coral reef. Coastal Management 22:399-404. 1994 South & Central America; Cuba; Honduras; Caribbean Model Hotel & Food Services; Tourism & Recreation
Sarno, B., C. W. Glass, and G. W. Smith. 1994. Differences in diet and behaviour of sympatric saithe and pollack in a Scottish sea loch. Journal of Fish Biology 45:11-Jan. 1994
Gendre, F., C. Beck, P. Ruch, and B. Kubler. 1994. Human impacts on coral ecosystems at Mauritius island: coprostanol in surface sediments. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 87:357-367. 1994 Mauritius Hotel & Food Services; Sediment
White, A. T., L. Z. Hale, Y. Renard, and L. Cortesi. 1994. Collaborative and community-based management of coral reefs: lessons from experience. Collaborative and community-based management of coral reefs: lessons from experience. 1994 South & Central America; Florida; Thailand; Indonesia; Philippines; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Christie, P., A. T. White, and D. Buhat. 1994. Community-based coral reef management on San Salvador Island, the Philippines. Society & Natural Resources 7:103-117. 1994 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management
Wang, GU OZ HO NG, BI NG QU AN Lu, and SO NG QI NG Quan. 1994. On the severe changes in the ecology and sedimentation of Luweitou fringing coral reefs, Hainan Island, China. Pages 293-297 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global; China Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Finfish Harvest; Sediment
Sampaolo, A. and G. Relini. 1994. Coal ash for artificial habitats in Italy. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:1277-1294. 1994 Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining
Intes, A. 1994. Tikehau: an atoll of the Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia). Atoll Research Bulletin 1994 Fish; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Plankton
Bohnsack, J. A., D. E. Harper, and D. B. McClellan. 1994. Fisheries trends from Monroe County, Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science 54:982-1018. 1994 Florida Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Sin, T. M., M. M. Teo, P. K. L. Ng, L. M. Chou, and H. W. Khoo. 1994. The damselfishes (Pisces: Osteichthyes: Pomacentridae) of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore: systematics, ecology and conservation. Hydrobiologia 285:49-58. 1994 US Pacific & Hawaii; Malaysia Aquarium & Pet Trade; Small Herbivorous Fish
Render, J. H. and C. A. Wilson. 1994. Hook-and-line mortality of caught and released red snapper around oil and gas platform structural habitat. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:1106-1111. 1994 Complex Habitat & Resources; Oil & Gas Rigs; Piscivorous Fish; Water Depth & Sea Level
Baqueiro C., E. and R. Mendez L. 1994. Artificial reefs: an alternative to enhance Mexican littoral commercial fisheries. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:1014-1020. 1994 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest
Hutchings, P. 1994. The Pacific reefs: a paradise lost? Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:1-140. 1994 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Sediment
Watson, M. and R. F. G. Ormond. 1994. Effect of an artisanal fishery on the fish and urchin populations of a Kenyan coral reef. Marine Ecology Progress Series 109:115-130. 1994 Kenya Fish; Fishing Sector
Branden, K. L., D. A. Pollard, and H. A. Reimers. 1994. A review of recent artificial reef developments in Australia. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:982-994. 1994 Australia Review Artificial Habitat; Fish; Primary Production; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Brock, R. E. 1994. Beyond fisheries enhancement: artificial reefs and ecotourism. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:1181-1188. 1994 Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Hutchings, P., C. Payri, and C. Gabrie. 1994. The current status of coral reef management in French Polynesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:26-33. 1994 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Review Agriculture; Designate Protected Species; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Non-point Source Runoff; Tourism & Recreation
Richmond, R. H. 1994. Effects of coastal runoff on coral reproduction. Pages 360-364 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Guam Golf Course Operations; Hotel & Food Services; Housing; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment
Ingram, G. B. 1994. Institutional obstacles to conservation: Fergusson Island, Papua New Guinea. Pacific Affairs 67:26-45. 1994 Papua New Guinea Banks, Credit, & Securities; Forestry; Landscape Conservation & Restoration
McClanahan, T. R. 1994. Kenyan coral reef lagoon fish: Effects of fishing, substrate complexity, and sea urchins. Coral Reefs 13:231-242. 1994 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Sea Urchins; Substrate
Martin, G. R. and G. Katzir. 1994. Visual fields and eye movements in herons (Ardeidae). Brain, Behavior and Evolution 44:74-85. 1994 Field Study & Monitoring
Khatri, T. C. 1994. Tourism and corals in the Bay of Bengal islands. Environmental Conservation 21:81. 1994 Tourism & Recreation
Gomez, E. D., P. M. Alino, H. T. Yap, and W. Y. Licuanan. 1994. A review of the status of Philippine reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:62-68. 1994 Review; Index or Indicator Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Sediment
Kramer, A. 1994. The Samoa Islands Vol 1. University of Hawai�i Press, Honolulu. 1994 Samoa Tourism & Recreation
Clarke, DO UG LA S and RI CH AR D Kasul. 1994. Habitat value of offshore dredged material berms for fishery resources. Pages 938-945 in International Conference on Dredging and Dredged Material Placement. 1994 Artificial Habitat; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fishing Sector
Santavy, D. L. 1994. An Environmental Assessment of Microbial Community Responses to a Compromised Host. in Proceedings of the 5th Investigators' Meeting for EPA's Environmental Releases of Biotechnology Products Risk Assessment Program. Duluth, Minn. 1994 Biotechnology Research & Development
Vacher, L. 1994. The recent and spectacular progression of investments in tourism industry of the Great Barrier Reef region [La recente et spectaculaire croissance des investissements dans la region touristique de la Grande Barriere de Corail]. Cahiers d'Outre-Mer 47:411-430. 1994 Australia Tourism & Recreation
Wang, W., S. Wu, and D. Xia. 1994. The erosional process of the soft shore of China in the recent decades. Chinese Geographical Science 4:106-118. 1994 China Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Damien, C. J., J. L. Ricci, P. Christel, H. Alexander, and J.-L. Patat. 1994. Formation of a calcium phosphate-rich layer on absorbable calcium carbonate bone graft substitutes. Calcified Tissue International 55:151-158. 1994 Europe Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Murray, J. D. and C. J. Betz. 1994. User views of artificial reef management in the southeastern U.S. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:970-981. 1994 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries
Richards, M. 1994. Malaysian success for NQEA. Work Boat World 13:38-39. 1994 Australia; Cuba; Malaysia Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation
Fabi, G. and L. Fiorentini. 1994. Comparison between an artificial reef and a control site in the Adriatic Sea: analysis of four years of monitoring. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:538-558. 1994 Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Molluscs
Tunstall, B. R. 1994. Technical Memorandum - CSIRO, Australia, Division of Water Resources. 1994 Australia Infrastructure; Marine Protected Areas; Military
Basiago, A. D. 1994. Sustainable development in tropical forest ecosystems. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 1:34-40. 1994 South & Central America; Thailand; Papua New Guinea; Mexico Model Agriculture; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Forestry
Sebens K.P. 1994. Biodiversity of coral reefs: what are we losing and why? American Zoologist 34:115-133. 1994 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Nutrients; Seastars; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Thomas, P. M. E. 1994. Everglades nutrient removal project. Pages 27-Nov in Proc. conference on explosives and blasting technique, Austin Texas, 1994. 1994 Florida Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral
Fautin, D. G., D. J. Futuyma, and F. C. James. 1994. Annual review of ecology and systematic. Volume 25. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1994 Review; Model Fish; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral; Whales & Dolphins
Marion, J. L. and C. S. Rogers. 1994. The applicability of terrestrial visitor impact management strategies to the protection of coral reefs. Ocean and Coastal Management 22:153-163. 1994 US Virgin Islands Review Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Gill, G. V., S. Redmond, F. Garratt, and R. Paisey. 1994. Diabetes and alternative medicine: Cause for concern. Diabetic Medicine 11:210-213. 1994 Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
May, A. 1994. Microfacies controls on weathering of carbonate building stones: Devonian (northern Sauerland, Germany). Facies 30:193-208. 1994 Germany Index or Indicator Algae; Social Organizations
Hughes, T. P. 1994. Catastrophes, Phase Shifts, and Large-Scale Degradation of a Caribbean Coral Reef. Science 265:1547-1551. 1994 South & Central America; Jamaica; Caribbean Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Pathogens; Storms & Hurricanes
Gomez-Buckley, M. C. and R. J. Haroun. 1994. Artificial reefs in the Spanish coastal zone. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:1021-1028. 1994 Europe Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Macdonald, J. M. 1994. Artificial reef debate: habitat enhancement or waste disposal? Ocean Development and International Law 25:87-118. 1994 Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector; Special Use Permitting
Cater, E. and G. Lowman. 1994. Ecotourism: a sustainable option? Ecotourism: a sustainable option? 1994 Tourism & Recreation
Shields, C. L., J. A. Shields, P. De Potter, and A. D. Singh. 1994. Problems with the hydroxyapatite orbital implant: Experience with 250 consecutive cases. British Journal of Ophthalmology 78:702-706. 1994 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Prove, B. G., T. J. McShane, J. R. Reghenzani, J. D. Armour, S. Sen, and P. W. Moody. 1994. Nutrient loss via drainage from the major agricultural industries on the wet tropical coast of Queensland. in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. 1994 Australia Agriculture; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Balon, E. K. 1994. The life and work of Eugenie Clark: devoted to diving and science. Environmental Biology of Fishes 41:89-114. 1994 South & Central America; Florida; Cuba; Japan; Caribbean; Mexico Lab Study Apex Fish Predators; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Maragos, J. E. 1994. Description of reefs and corals for the 1988 protected area survey of the northern Marshall Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin 1994 Marshall Islands Beaches & Nature Parks; Cultural Protections; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Bell, P. R. F. and T. Tomascik. 1994. The demise of the fringing coral reefs of Barbados and of regions in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) lagoon - impacts of eutrophication. Pages 319-325 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Agriculture; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Coffen-Smout, S. 1994. Perspectives on ocean management in Niue. Pages 227-255 Ocean yearbook. Vol. 11. 1994 Niue Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Bohnsack, J. A. 1994. The impacts of fishing on coral reefs. Pages 196-200 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Chansang, H. and N. Phongsuwan. 1994. Health of fringing reefs of Asia through a decade of change: a case history from Phuket Island, Thailand. Pages 286-292 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global; Thailand Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Seastars; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Lobban, C. S. and P. J. Harrison. 1994. Seaweed ecology and physiology. Seaweed ecology and physiology. 1994 Review Algae; Aquaculture; Nutrients; Primary Production; Salinity; Seagrasses
Fiorentini, S. E. 1993. Evaluation of a new program: pediatric parental visitation in the postanesthesia care unit. Journal of post anesthesia nursing 8:249-256. 1993 Medical Centers
Butler, J. N., J. Burnett-Herkes, J. A. Barnes, and J. Ward. 1993. The Bermuda fisheries: A tragedy of the commons averted? Environment 35. 1993 Bermuda Fishing Sector
Connell, J. 1993. Climatic change: a new security challenge for the atoll states of the South Pacific. Journal of Commonwealth & Comparative Politics 31:173-192. 1993 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Tuvalu; Marshall Islands; Kiribati Military; Water Depth & Sea Level
Hall, S. J., M. R. Robertson, D. J. Basford, and S. D. Heaney. 1993. The possible effects of fishing disturbance in the northern North Sea: An analysis of spatial patterns in community structure around a wreck. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 31:201-208. 1993 Finfish Harvest; Sediment
Kalish, J. M. 1993. Pre- and post-bomb radiocarbon in fish otoliths. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 114:549-554. 1993 Global CO2; Fish
Rodier-Bruant, C., A. Wilk, D. Herman, and A. Manunta. 1993. Use of a new malleable implant as a bone substitute in maxillofacial surgery. Advances in Therapy 10:142-150. 1993 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Jones, G. W. 1993. Population, environment and sustainable development in Indonesia. Majalah Demografi Indonesia 20:20-Jan. 1993 Java; Indonesia Deforestation & Devegetation; Fishing Sector; Land & Air Transportation
Irigaray, J. L., H. Oudadesse, H. El Fadl, T. Sauvage, G. Thomas, and A. M. Vernay. 1993. Effet de la temperature sur la structure cristalline d'un biocorail. Journal of Thermal Analysis 39:14-Mar. 1993 Biotechnology Research & Development
Bird, E. C. F. 1993. UNEP-sponsored studies on the impact of sea level rise in Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. Malaysian Journal of Tropical Geography 24:1-110. 1993 Global; Thailand; Malaysia; Java; Indonesia GIS & Maps Hotel & Food Services; Mangroves; Water Depth & Sea Level
Maul, G. A. 1993. Implications of future climate on the ecosystems and socio-economic structure in the marine and coastal regions of the intra-Americas sea. Pages 28-Mar Climatic change in the intra-Americas sea. 1993 Global; South & Central America; Bahamas; Bermuda; Caribbean; Mexico Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Coastal Development; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands
Boehlert, G. W. 1993. Fisheries of Hawaii and US-associated Pacific islands. Marine Fisheries Review 55. 1993 US Pacific & Hawaii; Samoa; American Samoa; Guam Designate Protected Species; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Greene, L. E. and J. M. Shenker. 1993. The effects of human activity on the temporal variability of coral reef fish assemblages in the Key Largo National Marine Sanctuary. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 3:189-205. 1993 Cuba Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Pirazzoli, P. A. 1993. Coasts: their evolution [Les littoraux: leur evolution]. (Coasts: their evolution. 1993 Global Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Finfish Harvest; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Walters, C. J. 1993. Dynamic models and large scale field experiments in environmental impact assessment and management. Australian Journal of Ecology 18:53-61. 1993 Florida; Australia; Columbia Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Matthews, W. S., A. E. van Wyk, and G. J. Bredenkamp. 1993. Endemic flora of the north-eastern Transvaal Escarpment, South Africa. Biological Conservation 63:83-94. 1993 South Africa Forestry; Invasive Species; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Substrate
Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC. 1993 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Docks & Marinas; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Chang-Feng, DA I. 1993. Patterns of coral distribution and benthic space partitioning on the fringing reefs of southern Taiwan. Marine Ecology 14:185-204. 1993 Taiwan Algae; Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
[No author name available]. 1993. Coastal Zone'93. Pages 2415-3512 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1993 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Mexico GIS & Maps Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins
[No author name available]. 1993. Coastlines of Japan II. in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1993 Japan Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Housing; Infrastructure; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Polunin, N. V. C. and C. M. Roberts. 1993. Greater biomass and value of target coral-reef fishes in two small Caribbean marine reserves. Marine Ecology Progress Series 100:167-176. 1993 South & Central America; Antilles; Belize; Caribbean GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas
Demartini, E. E. 1993. Modeling the potential of fishery reserves for managing Pacific coral reef fishes. Fishery Bulletin 91:414-427. 1993 US Pacific & Hawaii Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Small Herbivorous Fish
Price, A. R. G., C. R. C. Sheppard, and C. M. Roberts. 1993. The Gulf: Its biological setting. Marine Pollution Bulletin 27:15-Sep. 1993 Global; Iran Review Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Piscivorous Fish; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses
Priced, A. R. G. 1993. The Gulf: Human impacts and management initiatives. Marine Pollution Bulletin 27:17-27. 1993 Global; Saudi Arabia; Kuwait Agriculture; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Climate; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Solid Waste Disposal
Goudie, A. 1993. Human influence in geomorphology. Geomorphology 7:37-59. 1993 Global Remote Sensing Beaches & Nature Parks; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetlands
Robert Pitt and K. Dunkers. 1993. Lake Water Quality Improvements from Treatment of Stormwater Using the Flow Balancing Method, 66th Annual Water Environment Federation Conference. Anaheim, CA. October 1993.; Detecting Water Quality Trends from Stormwater Discharge Reductions, Engineerin. in 66th Annual Water Environment Federation Conference. 1993 Global Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Algae; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Improved Technology; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Water Depth & Sea Level
Leinfelder, R. and H. Seyfried. 1993. Sea level change: a philosophical approach. Geologische Rundschau 82:159-172. 1993 Global Model Climate; CO2; Coal Mining; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Special Use Permitting; Water Depth & Sea Level
Prins, H. H. T. and J. Wind. 1993. Research for nature conservation in south-east Asia. Biological Conservation 63:43-46. 1993 Indonesia Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Fish; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Wetlands
Caddy, J. F. 1993. Background concepts for a rotating harvesting strategy with particular reference to the Mediterranean red coral, Corallium rubrum. Marine Fisheries Review 55:18-Oct. 1993 Model Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Muir, F. and G. Chester. 1993. Managing tourism to a seabird nesting island. Tourism Management 14:99-105. 1993 Australia Review Marine Birds; Tourism & Recreation
Medeiros, C. and B. Kjerfve. 1993. Hydrology of a Tropical Estuarine System: Itamaraca, Brazil. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 36:495-515. 1993 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Discharges; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Wetlands
Xia, DO NG XI NG, WE NH AI Wang, GU IQ IU Wu, JI NR UI Cui, and FU LI N Li. 1993. Coastal erosion in China. Acta Geographica Sinica 48:468-476. 1993 China Discharges; Housing; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Valencia, M. J. 1993. Spratly solution still at sea. Pacific Review 6:155-170. 1993 Malaysia; Southeast Asia; China; Vietnam; Philippines; Taiwan Military
Watson, R. A. and C. T. Turnbull. 1993. Migration and growth of two tropical penaeid shrimps within Torres Strait, northern Australia. Fisheries Research 17:353-368. 1993 Australia Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Pope, D. L., T. F. Moslow, and J. B. Wagner. 1993. Geological and technological assessment of artificial reef sites, Louisiana outer continental shelf. Ocean and Coastal Management 20:121-145. 1993 GIS & Maps Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Corporate Responses; Fishing Sector; Oil & Gas Rigs; Pipelines; Sediment
Williams, A., M. Moran, N. Caputi, and C. Walters. 1993. Didymozoid trematode infection of snapper, Pagrus auratus (Sparidae), off Western Australia: parasite population biology and fishery implications. Fisheries Research 16:113-129. 1993 Australia Model Fish; Pathogens; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Chavez, ER NE ST O and JO HN Tunnell. 1993. Needs for management and conservation of the southern Gulf of Mexico. Pages 2040-2053 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1993 South & Central America; Mexico Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Piscivorous Fish; Sea Turtles; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Guillemette, M., J. H. Himmelman, C. Barette, and A. Reed. 1993. Habitat selection by common eiders in winter and its interaction with flock size. Canadian Journal of Zoology 71:1259-1266. 1993 Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sea Urchins; Water Depth & Sea Level
Lehnert, M., S. Emerson, W. S. Dalton, R. de Giuli, and S. E. Salmon. 1993. In vitro evaluation of chemosensitizers for clinical reversal of P-glycoprotein-associated Taxol resistance. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs 15:63-67. 1993
Saila, S. B., V. L. Kocic, and J. W. McManus. 1993. Modelling the effects of destructive fishing practices on tropical coral reefs. Marine Ecology Progress Series 94:51-60. 1993 Philippines Review; Model Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Finfish Harvest; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Van der Knaap, M. 1993. Physical damage to corals caused by trap-fishing on reefs of Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles. Environmental Conservation 20:265-267. 1993 Antilles Finfish Harvest; Physical Damage
Khavari, F. and P. K. Bajpai. 1993. Coralline-sulfate bone substitutes. Pages 65-69 in Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation. 1993 Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Adams, M. J. 1993. An outbreak of ciguatera poisoning in a group of scuba divers. Journal of Wilderness Medicine 4:304-311. 1993 Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Pathogens
Rasmussen, C. F. 1993. Development in a coastal zone. The Magnetic Quay development - Magnetic Island. Pages 537-543 in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. 1993 Australia Docks & Marinas; Hotel & Food Services; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Ridd, P. V., P. Larcombe, and S. Spagnol. 1993. Self-logging suspended sediment and bed-level instrumentation. Pages 705-706 in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. 1993 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Forestry; Sediment
Planes, S. 1993. Impact of tourism-related fishing on Tridacna maxima (Mollusca, Bivalvia) stocks in Bora-Bora Lagoon (French Polynesia). Atoll Research Bulletin 1993 Finfish Harvest; Molluscs; Tourism & Recreation
Nakayama, AK IY OS HI, NO BU YU KI Horikosi, and HI RO SH I Kobayashi. 1993. Planning and design of multipurpose artificial barrier reefs. Pages 183-197 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1993 Japan Model Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fishing Sector; Water Depth & Sea Level
Wolanski, E., B. Delesalle, V. Dufour, and A. Aubanel. 1993. Modeling the fate of pollutants in the Tiahura Lagoon, Moorea, French Polynesia. Pages 583-588 in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. 1993 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Discharges; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge
Smith Ernest, R. and C. Kraus Nicholas. 1993. Laboratory study of wave transformation on barred beach profiles. Pages 630-643 in Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference. 1993 Lab Study Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Engineering; Shoreline Protection
Baker, D. J. 1993. Sustainable development and NOAA's special role in meeting national goals. Marine Technology Society Journal 27:49-54. 1993 Fishing Sector; Waterborne Discharges; Whales & Dolphins
Arakel, A. V., T. Loder, D. McConchie, and C. Pailles. 1993. Environmental consequences of land degradation in coastal drainage basins of north Queensland, Australia: influence of farming practices. Land Degradation & Rehabilitation 4:99-112. 1993 Australia Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharges; Point Source Discharges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Holland, K. N., J. D. Peterson, C. G. Lowe, and B. M. Wetherbee. 1993. Movements, distribution and growth rates of the white goatfish Mulloides flavolineatus in a fisheries conservation zone. Bulletin of Marine Science 52:982-992. 1993 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Hatch, S. A. and G. A. Sanger. 1992. Puffins as samplers of juvenile pollock and other forage fish in the Gulf of Alaska. Marine Ecology Progress Series 80:14-Jan. 1992 Index or Indicator Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates
El-Sadek, S. and B. Mabrouk. 1992. Tourism development and desalination systems: Comparative analysis of systems' suitability for coastal areas of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba, Egypt. Desalination 88:161-177. 1992 Egypt Beaches & Nature Parks; Drinking Water Supply; Infrastructure; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Done, T. J. 1992. Phase shifts in coral reef communities and their ecological significance. Hydrobiologia 247:121-132. 1992 Review; Model Algae; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Keats, D. 1992. Sodwana Bay: a coral paradise. African Wildlife 46:124-125. 1992 Fish; Hydrocoral; Invertebrate Harvest; Octocoral; Plankton; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Hawkins, J. P. and C. M. Roberts. 1992. Effects of recreational SCUBA diving on fore-reef slope communities of coral reefs. Biological Conservation 62:171-178. 1992 Cuba; Egypt Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Hotel & Food Services; Tourism & Recreation
Reitano, G. 1992. Subaqueous geomorphological survey of the coast between Punta Priola and Arenella village, north of Palermo north-western Sicily [Rilevamento geomorfologico subacqueo del litorale compreso tra Punta Priola e la borgata Arenella, a nord di Palermo (Sicilia. Giornale di Geologia 54:103-114. 1992 Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector
Oda, S. 1992. Prehistoric culture in the region washed by the Kuroshio Current. Quaternary Research (Tokyo) 31:409-420. 1992 Japan; Taiwan Finfish Harvest; Snails & Conch
Buxton, C. D. 1992. The application of yield-per-recruit models to two South African sparid reef species, with special consideration to sex change. Fisheries Research 15:16-Jan. 1992 South Africa Model Fish; Fishing Sector
Gobert, B. 1992. Impact of the use of trammelnets on a tropical reef resource. Fisheries Research 13:353-367. 1992 South & Central America; Martinique; Caribbean Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Linden, O. 1992. Productivity and biodiversity in tropical coastlands [Produktivitet och biodiversitet i tropiska kustomraden]. Ymer 112:92-96. 1992 Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Tourism & Recreation
Stein, D. L., B. N. Tissot, M. A. Hixon, and W. Barss. 1992. Fish-habitat associations on a deep reef at the edge of the Oregon continental shelf. Fishery Bulletin 90:540-551. 1992 US Pacific & Hawaii Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Substrate
Levitan, D. R. 1992. Community structure in times past: influence of human fishing pressure on algal-urchin interactions. Ecology 73:1597-1605. 1992 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Sea Urchins
Weindling, S. M., C. L. Robinette, and R. E. Wesley. 1992. Porous hydroxyapatite in orbital reconstructive surgery, radiologic recognition of coral bone grafts. American Journal of Neuroradiology 13:239-240. 1992 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
NOAA. 1992. Oil spill case histories 1967-1991: summaries of significant U.S. and international spills. Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division, Seattle, Washington. 1992 Coastal Defense; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Petroleum Spills
Simmons III, J. J. 1992. Early modern wrought-iron artillery macroanalyses of instruments of enforcement. Materials Characterization 29:129-138. 1992 South & Central America; Caribbean; Europe
Collins, K. J., A. C. Jensen, and A. P. M. Lockwood. 1992. Stability of a coal waste artificial reef. Chemistry & Ecology 6:79-93. 1992 Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs
Kuang-Lung, FA N. 1992. The thermal discharges from nuclear power plants in Taiwan. Chemistry & Ecology 6:213-224. 1992 Taiwan Discharges; Fishing Sector; Natural Gas & Electric Power
Pitcher, C. R., T. D. Skewes, D. M. Dennis, and J. H. Prescott. 1992. Estimation of the abundance of the tropical lobster Panulirus ornatus in Torres Strait, using visual transect-survey methods. Marine Biology 113:57-64. 1992 GIS & Maps Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Jaccarini, V. and E. Martens. 1992. The ecology of mangrove and related ecosystems. Proceedings of the International Symposium, Mombasa, Kenya, September 1990. Hydrobiologia 247. 1992 Kenya Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mangroves; Scientific Research; Seagrasses
Bourdy, G., P. Cabalion, P. Amade, and D. Laurent. 1992. Traditional remedies used in the Western Pacific for the treatment of ciguatera poisoning. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 36:163-174. 1992 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Fish
McClanahan, T. R. 1992. Resource utilization, competition, and predation: a model and example from coral reef grazers. Ecological Modelling 61:195-215. 1992 Review; Model Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Large Herbivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish
Boc Jr. Stanley, J., J. Reynold William, and M. Dobinchick Jasmina. 1992. Coastal processes and engineering on a micronesian fringing reef. Pages 285-302 in [No source information available]. 1992 Micronesia Beaches & Nature Parks; Cultural Protections; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Land & Air Transportation; Mitigation; Sediment
Preu, C. and C. Englebrecht. 1992. Patterns and processes shaping the present morphodynamics of coral reef islands. Case studies from North-Male, Maldives (Indian Ocean). Erdkundliches Wissen 105:209-220. 1992 Indian Ocean; Maldives; India Beaches & Nature Parks; Hotel & Food Services; Tourism & Recreation
Uthoff, D. 1992. Tourism and coastal change on Phuket, southern Thailand [Tourismus und Kustenveranderung auf Phuket/Sudthailand]. Erdkundliches Wissen 105:237-249. 1992 Thailand; Malaysia Mangroves; Tourism & Recreation
Goreau, T. J. 1992. Bleaching and reef community change in Jamaica: 1951-1991. American Zoologist 32:683-695. 1992 Jamaica Algae; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Octocoral; Sediment; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes
Bush, G. 1992. Business evangelism and the search for social harmony: 1891-1916. Public Relations Review 18:297-307. 1992 Climate
Pajaro, M. 1992. Alternatives to cyanide use in aquarium fish collection: A community based approach. Pages 1039-40 in Proceedings of the 7th Int Coral Reef Sym. 1992 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
Guzman, H. M. and C. E. Jimenez. 1992. Contamination of coral reefs by heavy metals along the Caribbean coast of Central America (Costa Rica and Panama). Marine Pollution Bulletin 24:554-561. 1992 South & Central America; Costa Rica; Panama; Caribbean Agriculture; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Borobia, M. and L. Lodi. 1992. Recent observations and records of the West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus in northeastern Brazil. Biological Conservation 59:37-43. 1992 India
Gurney, JU DI TH. 1992. Abandonment of offshore rigs. Experience in the Gulf of Mexico. Petroleum Review 46:237-239. 1992 South & Central America; Mexico Oil & Gas Rigs
Dennis, D. M. 1992. Severe mortality in a breeding population of ornate rock lobster Panulirus ornatus (Fabricius) at Yule Island, Papua New. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 162:143-158. 1992 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Carlton, J. T. 1992. Dispersal of living organisms into aquatic ecosystems: The mechanisms of dispersal as mediated by aquaculture and fisheries activities. Pages 13-45 in A. Rosenfield;R. Mann, editor. Dispersal of Living Organisms into Aquatic Ecosystems. The University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland. 1992 Aquaculture; Fishing Sector
Stoffle Richard, W., B. Halmo David, W. Wagner Thomas, J. Luczkovich Joseph, and RA YM ON D Laurin. 1992. Monitoring coastal impacts of global warming: A Dominican Republic case study. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1930:845-853. 1992 Global; Dominican Republic Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
van Genderen, J. L., R. A. van Zuidam, and S. GO NZ AL ES Fager. 1992. Environmental information systems for coastal zone management in developing countries. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1930:647-656. 1992 GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Beaches & Nature Parks; Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Ripamonti, U., S.-S. Ma, and A. H. Reddi. 1992. Induction of bone in composites of osteogenin and porous hydroxyapatite in baboons. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 89:731-739. 1992 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Salvat, B. 1992. Coral reefs - a challenging ecosystem for human societies. Global Environmental Change 2:18-Dec. 1992 Global Seastars; Tourism & Recreation
Armstrong, P. H. 1992. Human impacts on Australia's Indian Ocean tropical island ecosystems: A review. The Environmentalist 12:191-206. 1992 Australia; Indian Ocean; India Review Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Dalzell, P. 1992. Ciguatera fish poisoning and fisheries development in the South Pacific Region. Bulletin de la Societe de pathologie exotique (1990) 85:435-444. 1992 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Agriculture; Fish; Fishing Sector
Lewis, R. J. 1992. Socioeconomic impacts and management ciguatera in the Pacific. Bulletin de la Societe de pathologie exotique (1990) 85:427-434. 1992 US Pacific & Hawaii; Vanuatu; New Caledonia; Fiji; Samoa; Tuvalu; American Samoa Fish; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Edwards, A. J. and A. D. Shepherd. 1992. Environmental implications of aquarium-fish collection in the Maldives, with proposals for regulation. Environmental Conservation 19:61-72. 1992 Maldives Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Special Use Permitting
Navarra, L. 1992. The island of San Pietro [L'isola di S. Pietro]. Universo 72:64-75. 1992 Agriculture; Finfish Harvest; Tourism & Recreation; Water
Moran, P. J. and G. De'ath. 1992. Suitability of the manta tow technique for estimating relative and absolute abundances of crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci L.) and corals. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43:357-378. 1992 Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Seastars; Skeletal Coral
Kinsey, Donald W. 1991. The coral reef: an owner-built, high-density, fully-serviced, self-sufficient housing estate in the desert _ or is it? Symbiosis 10:1-22. 1991 Housing
Gornitz, V. 1991. Global coastal hazards from future sea level rise. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 89:379-398. 1991 Global; South & Central America; Mexico Index or Indicator Agriculture; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetlands
Mitchell, B. A. and J. R. Barborak. 1991. Developing coastal park systems in the tropics: planning in the Turks and Caicos Islands. Coastal Management 19:113-134. 1991 Global; Turks and Caicos Banks, Credit, & Securities; Marine Birds; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites; Sea Turtles; Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
Ripamonti, U. 1991. The morphogenesis of bone in replicas of porous hydroxyapatite obtained from conversion of calcium carbonate exoskeletons of coral. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - Series A 73:692-706. 1991 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Fan, K. L. 1991. The thermal effluent problems of three nuclear power plants in Taiwan. Pages 393-403 Oceanography of Asian marginal seas. 1991 Taiwan Discharges; Fishing Sector
Eklund, A.-M. and T. E. Targett. 1991. Seasonality of fish catch rates and species composition from the hard bottom trap fishery in the Middle Atlantic Bight (US east coast). Fisheries Research 12:22-Jan. 1991 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector
Latypov, Y. Y. 1991. Pioneer settlements of reef-building corals on piles of oil platforms in the South China Sea. Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) 3:93-99. 1991 China Bivalves; Oil & Gas Rigs; Stony Coral
Lozano-Alvarez, E., P. Briones-Fourzan, and B. F. Phillips. 1991. Fishery characteristics, growth and movements of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus in Bahia de la Ascension, Mexico. Fishery Bulletin 89:79-89. 1991 South & Central America; Mexico Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Zilioli, E. 1991. Remote sensing activities in the Pacific. Earth Observation Quarterly 34:9-Jul. 1991 US Pacific & Hawaii GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Aquaculture; Fishing Sector
Pahl, A. and L. Liedtke. 1991. In-situ determination of air permeability and diffusion properties of helium in sedimentary iron ore. Pages 595-602 in [No source information available]. 1991 Germany Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Sediment
Pintukanok, AM PA N. 1991. Coastal zone management, national implementable plan and policy development. A case study of Phuket Island. Pages 1674-1684 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1991 Thailand Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Stobbs, R. E. and M. N. Bruton. 1991. The fishery of the Comoros, with comments on its possible impact on coelacanth survival. Environmental Biology of Fishes 32:341-359. 1991 Comoros Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Stanley, D. R. and C. A. Wilson. 1991. Factors affecting the abundance of selected fishes near oil and gas platforms in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin 89:149-159. 1991 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs
Liddle, M. J. 1991. Recreation ecology: Effects of trampling on plants and corals. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 6:13-17. 1991 Review Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Frease, R. A. and J. G. Windsor Jr. 1991. Behaviour of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with stabilized oil and coal ash artificial reef. Marine Pollution Bulletin 22:15-19. 1991 Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining
Walker, T. A. 1991. Tourism development and environmental limitations at Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Journal of Environmental Management 33:117-122. 1991 Australia Sea Turtles; Tourism & Recreation
[No author name available]. 1991. Our living oceans. The first annual report on the status of US living marine resources. in [No source information available]. 1991 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Fishing Sector; Sea Turtles; Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
Kenchington, R. 1991. Tourism development in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Ocean and Shoreline Management 15:57-78. 1991 Australia Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Meganck, R. A. 1991. Coastal parks as development catalysts: A caribbean example. Ocean and Shoreline Management 15:25-36. 1991 South & Central America; Caribbean Cultural Policies; Finfish Harvest; Hotel & Food Services; Housing; Souvenir & Decorative Trade
Bunpapong, SI RI KU L and SO MP ON G Ausavajitanond. 1991. Saving what's left of tourism development at Patong beach, Phuket, Thailand. Pages 1685-1697 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1991 Thailand Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Regulations; Sewage Treatment; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies
Chou, L. M. 1991. Reef conservation project involving sport divers in Singapore. Pages 1990-1994 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1991 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Recksiek, C. W., R. S. Appeldoorn, and R. G. Turingan. 1991. Studies of fish traps as stock assessment devices on a shallow reef in south-western Puerto Rico. Fisheries Research 10:177-197. 1991 Puerto Rico Model Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Humphery-Smith, I., D. H. Cybinski, K. A. Byrnes, and T. D. St George. 1991. Seroepidemiology of arboviruses among seabirds and island residents of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Epidemiology and Infection 107:435-440. 1991 Australia; Johnston Atoll Marine Birds; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Sullivan, P. K. and V. Dayananda. 1991. Engineering management considerations in coastal development. Page 1430 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1991 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Beaches & Nature Parks; Chemical Use Regulations; Coastal Development; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrients
Tiffin, D. L. 1991. Marine mineral development activities within the SOPAC region. Page 1474 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1991 US Pacific & Hawaii Beaches & Nature Parks; Monetary Valuation
Muzik, K. 1991. Coral grief. Technology Review 94:60-67. 1991 Global Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Petroleum Spills; Sea Temperatures; Tourism & Recreation
LeProvost, M. I. and D. M. Gordon. 1991. Oilfield development and protection of natural resources within the tropical marine environment of the Rowley Shelf, Northwest Australia. Pages 527-540 in SPE Asia Pacific Conference. 1991 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Review; Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Petroleum Spills
Principe, P. P. 1991. Valuing diversity of medicinal plants. Pages 79-124 in V. Heywood, O. Akerele, and H. Synge, editors. Conservation of medicinal plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Great Britain. 1991 Valuation
Light, M. and I. O. Kanat. 1991. The possible use of coralline hydroxyapatite as a bone implant. Journal of Foot Surgery 30:472-476. 1991 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Smart, P. L. 1991. Electron spin resonance (ESR) dating. Pages 128-160 Quaternary dating methods - a user's guide. 1991 Molluscs; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sediment
Phillips, B. F., A. F. Pearce, and R. T. Litchfield. 1991. The Leeuwin Current and larval recruitment to the rock (spiny) lobster fishery off Western Australia. Journal - Royal Society of Western Australia 74:93-100. 1991 Australia; Indian Ocean; India Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Ahmed, F. E. 1991. Naturally occurring seafood toxins. Journal of Toxicology - Toxin Reviews 10:263-287. 1991 Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Roy, P. and J. Connell. 1991. Climatic change and the future of atoll states. Journal of Coastal Research 7:1057-1075. 1991 Global; Maldives; Tuvalu; Marshall Islands; Kiribati Agriculture; Climate; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Lawrence, D. and I. J. Dight. 1991. Torres Strait Baseline Study. Environmental protection of a tropical marine environment in northern Australia. Pages 1125-1139 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1991 Australia; Papua New Guinea Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Housing; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Lemay Michele, H., SO MP ON G Ausavajitanon, and ZE IT LI N Hale Lynne. 1991. National Coral Reef Management Strategy for Thailand. Pages 1698-1712 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1991 Thailand Review Corporate Responses; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Ports & Harbors
Pearson, R. G. and J. L. Munro. 1991. Growth, mortality and recruitment rates of giant clams, Tridacna gigas and T. derasa, at Michaelmas Reef, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 42:241-262. 1991 Australia Aquaculture
Ip, Y. K., A. L. L. Lim, and R. W. L. Lim. 1991. Some properties of calcium-activated adenosine triphosphatase from the hermatypic coral Galaxea fascicularis. Marine Biology 111:191-197. 1991 Substrate
McPherson, G. R. 1991. Reproductive biology of yellowfin tuna in the eastern Australian fishing zone, with special reference to the north-western Coral Sea. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 42:465-477. 1991 Australia Finfish Harvest
Palaganas Virgilio, P. 1991. Anchor damage on the coral reef of Sombrero, Island, Batangas, Philippines. Pages 3318-3329 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1991 Philippines Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Regulations; Tourism & Recreation
Selin, N. I. 1991. The role of molluscs in the formation of fouling community on supports of oil platforms in the South China Sea. Biologiya Morya (Vladivostok) 4:90-94. 1991 China Artificial Habitat; Molluscs; Oil & Gas Rigs; Stony Coral
Stroud, H. B. 1991. Water resources at Cape Coral, Florida. Problems created by poor planning and development. Land Use Policy 8:143-157. 1991 Florida Drinking Water Supply; Water
White Alan, T. and NE LS ON Lopez. 1991. Coastal resources management planning and implementation for the Fishery Sector Program of the Philippines. Pages 762-775 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1991 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Artificial Habitat; Cultural Policies; Fishing Sector; Infrastructure; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management
Seki, K. 1991. Study of precious coral diver survey with open circuit air SCUBA diving at 108m. Annals of Physiological Anthropology 10:189-192. 1991 Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Rapaport, M. 1990. Population pressure on coral atolls: trends and approaching limits. Atoll Research Bulletin 1990 Model Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Fagoonee, I. 1990. Coastal marine ecosystems of Mauritius. Hydrobiologia 208:55-62. 1990 Indian Ocean; Mauritius; India Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Wetlands
Watson, R. A., M. L. C. Dredge, and D. G. Mayer. 1990. Spatial and seasonal variation in demersal trawl fauna associated with a prawn fishery on the central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 41:65-77. 1990 Australia Fishing Sector
Spanier, E., M. Tom, S. Pisanty, and G. Almog-Shtayer. 1990. Artificial reefs in the low productive marine environments of the southeastern Mediterranean. Marine Ecology 11:61-75. 1990 Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Piscivorous Fish
Blaber, S. J. M., D. A. Milton, N. J. F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba, and P. V. Nichols. 1990. Diets of lagoon fishes of the Solomon Islands: Predators of tuna baitfish and trophic effects of baitfishing on the subsistence fishery. Fisheries Research 8:263-286. 1990 Solomon Islands Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Viles, H. A. 1990. Coastal geomorphology into the 1990s. Progress in Physical Geography 14:238-250. 1990 Global Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment
Kelleher, G. 1990. Floating hotels on the Great Barrier Reef. Pages 149-154 in Coastal ocean space utilization. Proc. international symposium, New York, 1989. 1990 Australia Hotel & Food Services; Marine Protected Areas; Sewage Treatment; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management Policies
Matthews, M. 1990. Ventilation of backfilled stopes. Theoretical and practical considerations. Journal of the Mine Ventilation Society of South Africa 43:22-28. 1990 South Africa Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining
Wolanski, E., Y. Mazda, B. King, and S. Gay. 1990. Dynamics, flushing and trapping in Hinchinbrook channel, a giant mangrove swamp, Australia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 31:555-579. 1990 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Aquaculture; Discharges; Mangroves; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Chisholm, J. R. M. 1990. A novel in situ respirometer for investigating photosynthesis and calcification in crustose coralline algae. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 141:15-29. 1990 Australia Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Coralline Algae; Housing; Primary Production
Glenn, E. P. and M. S. Doty. 1990. Growth of the seaweeds Kappaphycus alvarezii, K. striatum and Eucheuma denticulatum as affected by environment in Hawaii. Aquaculture 84:245-255. 1990 US Pacific & Hawaii; Philippines Agriculture; Nutrients; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Linden, O. 1990. Human impact on tropical coastal zones. Nature and Resources 26:3-11. 1990 Aquaculture; Mangroves
Gamser, M., H. Appleton, and N. Carter. 1990. Tinker, tiller, technical change: technologies from the people. Tinker, tiller, technical change: technologies from the people. 1990 Nicaragua; Venezuela; Kenya; Tanzania; India Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Building & Home Construction; Finfish Harvest; Housing
Foster, M. S., J. A. Tarpley, and S. L. Dearn. 1990. To clean or not to clean: the rationale, methods, and consequences of removing oil from temperate shores. Northwest Environmental Journal 6:105-120. 1990 Review Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Tourism & Recreation
Wisniewski, John. 1990. "Fireworms in the Marine Aquarium". Marine Fish Monthly 22. 1990 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Marine Worms
Huber Jr., R. M. and R. Meganck. 1990. The management challenge of Grand Anse Beach erosion, Grenada, West Indies. Ocean and Shoreline Management 13:99-109. 1990 Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Bacher Jonathan, R. 1990. Ash is cash. Fly ash applications. Public Works 121:44-45. 1990 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Coal Mining
Kazmer, M. 1990. Birth, life and death of the Pannonian Lake. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 79:171-188. 1990 Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Molluscs; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity; Sediment; Snails & Conch; Surface & Groundwater Flow
McClanahan, T. R. 1990. Kenyan coral reef-associated gastropod assemblages: distribution and diversity patterns. Coral Reefs 9:63-74. 1990 Indian Ocean; Kenya; Tanzania; India Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Somers, I. F. 1990. Manipulation of fishing effort in Australia's penaeid prawn fisheries. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 41:12-Jan. 1990 Australia Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Onizuka, R., K. Inoue, and H. Kamiya. 1990. Red soft coral-induced allergic symptoms observed in spiny lobster fishermen. Japanese Journal of Allergology 39:339-347. 1990 US Pacific & Hawaii Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octocoral
Rosati, J. D. 1990. Functional design of breakwaters for shore protection: empirical methods. Technical Report - US Army Coastal Engineering Research Center. 1990 Coastal Engineering; Military; Shoreline Protection
Smith, E. R. and N. C. Kraus. 1990. Laboratory study on macro-features of wave breaking over bars and artificial reefs. Technical Report - US Army Coastal Engineering Research Center. 1990 Lab Study Artificial Habitat; Coastal Engineering; Military; Shoreline Protection
McClanahan, T. R. and S. H. Shafir. 1990. Causes and consequences of sea urchin abundance and diversity in Kenyan coral reef lagoons. Oecologia 83:362-370. 1990 Kenya Algae; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Sponges; Stony Coral; Substrate
Hatcher, A. I., G. D. Wright, and B. G. Hatcher. 1990. Resolving the conflict between conservation values and extractive use of the Abrolhos coral reefs. Pages 55-70 in Australian ecosystems. Proc. symposium, Geraldton, W.A., 1988. 1990 Australia; Indian Ocean; India GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Permitting & Zoning
Torrey, B. B. and W. W. Kingkade. 1990. Population dynamics of the United States and the Soviet Union. Science 247:1548-1552. 1990 Military
Nzioka, R. M. 1990. Fish yield of Kilifi coral reef in Kenya. Hydrobiologia 208:81-84. 1990 Kenya Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish
Williamson, J. A., G. K. King, V. I. Callanan, R. M. Lanskey, and K. W. Rich. 1990. Fatal arterial gas embolism: Detection by chest radiography and imaging before autopsy. Medical Journal of Australia 153:97-100. 1990 Australia; Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
Watts, JI M. 1990. Landmark engineering facility. Pipeline and Gas Journal 217. 1990 CO2; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pipelines
Dixon, J. A. and P. B. Sherman. 1990. Economics of protected areas: a new look at benefits and costs. Island Press, Washington DC. 1990 Fishing Sector
Delbeek, J. Charles. 1990. Stocking the reef aquarium: Coral compatibility. Aquarium Fish 1990 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Delbeek, J. Charles. 1990. Reef aquariums part 6: coral aggression. Aquarium Fish 2:26-32. 1990 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Glynn, P. W. 1990. Global ecological consequences of the 1982-83 El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Global ecological consequences of the 1982-83 El Nino-Southern Oscillation. 1990 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Panama Review Fishing Sector
Alcala, A. C. and G. R. Russ. 1990. A direct test of the effects of protective management on abundance and yield of tropical marine resources. Journal du Conseil - Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer 47:40-47. 1990 Philippines Finfish Harvest
Craik, W., J. Glaister, and I. Poiner. 1990. The effects of fishing. The effects of fishing. 1990 Australia; New Caledonia Review Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sea Turtles; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Arkell, C. 1990. Blue water, Red Sea. Green Magazine 2:60-63. 1990 Middle East; Egypt; Sudan; Saudi Arabia Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
Miller, D. J., J. McMillan, A. Miles, M. Ten Lohuis, and T. Mahony. 1990. Nucleotides sequence of the histone H3-encoding gene from the scleractinian coral Acropora formosa (Cnidaria: Scleratinia). Gene 93:319-320. 1990 Stony Coral
Titus, J. G. 1990. Greenhouse effect, sea level rise and land use. Land Use Policy 7:138-153. 1990 Global Beaches & Nature Parks; Water Depth & Sea Level
Dullo, W.-C., E. Moussavian, and T. C. Brachert. 1990. The foralgal crust facies of the deeper fore reefs in the Red Sea: A deep diving survey by submersible. Geobios 23:261-281. 1990 Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Water Depth & Sea Level
Azanza-Corrales, R. and P. Sa-a. 1990. The farmed Eucheuma species (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) in Danajon Reef, Philippines: carrageenan properties. Hydrobiologia 521-525. 1990 Philippines Aquaculture
Van Der Land, J. 1989. The need for new concepts in reef biology. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 23:231-238. 1989 Indonesia Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Octocoral; Sponges
Simpson, T. E. 1989. Floating hotels in the coastal environment. in [No source information available]. 1989 Australia Review Hotel & Food Services; Mitigation; Tourism & Recreation
Soekarno, R. 1989. Comparative studies on the status of Indonesian coral reefs. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 23:215-222. 1989 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Ter Kuile, C. 1989. The forage base of some reef fishes in the flores sea with notes on sampling and fishery. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 23:171-179. 1989 Indonesia Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Campos, J. A. and C. Gamboa. 1989. An artificial tire-reef in a tropical marine system: a management tool. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:757-766. 1989 Costa Rica Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Skeletal Coral
Plante, R., P. M. Alcolado, J. C. Martinez-Iglesias, and D. Ibarzabal. 1989. Redox potential in water and sediments of the Gulf of Batabano, Cuba. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 28:173-184. 1989 Cuba Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sediment
Guilcher, A. 1989. Priority lines of research suggested by work on reef geomorphology [Axes de recherche prioritaires suggeres pour la poursuite du travail en geomorphologie recifale]. Bulletin - Centre de Geomorphologie du CNRS, Caen 36:141-144. 1989 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sediment
McClanahan, T. R. and N. A. Muthiga. 1989. Patterns of preedation on a sea urchin, Echinometra mathaei (de Blainville), on Kenyan coral reefs. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 126:77-94. 1989 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sea Urchins; Water Depth & Sea Level
Purdy, C. B., E. R. M. Druffel, and L. Hugh D. 1989. Anomalous levels of 90Sr and 239,240Pu in Florida corals: Evidence of coastal processes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53:1401-1410. 1989 Florida; Bermuda Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Wells, S. and A. Edwards. 1989. Gone with the waves. New Scientist 124:1989. 1989 Global; Maldives Shoreline Protection; Water
Hill, G. and J. Rosier. 1989. Wedgetailed shearwaters, white capped noddies and tourist development on Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Journal of Environmental Management 29:107-114. 1989 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Viles, H. A. 1989. The greenhouse effect, sea-level rise and coastal geomorphology. Progress in Physical Geography 13:452-461. 1989 Beaches & Nature Parks
Pratte, T. P., J. R. Walker, E. Gadd Peter, and B. Leidersdorf Craig. 1989. New wave on the horizon towards building surfing reefs nearshore. Pages 3403-3411 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1989 Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Shpigel, M. and L. Fishelson. 1989. Food habits and prey selection of three species of groupers from the genus Cephalopholis (Serranidae: Teleostei). Environmental Biology of Fishes 24:67-73. 1989 Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Bombace, G. 1989. Artificial reefs in the Mediterranean Sea. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:1023-1032. 1989 France Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Spanier, EH UD. 1989. How to increase the fisheries yield in low productive marine environments. Pages 297-301 in [No source information available]. 1989 Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Piscivorous Fish
Relini, G. and L. Orsi Relini. 1989. Artificial reefs in the Ligurian Sea (northwestern Mediterranean): aims and results. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:743-751. 1989 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Substrate
Schatz, I. J. 1989. Ciguatera fish poisoning: A jet age peril. Hospital Practice 24:79-96. 1989 US Virgin Islands Review Finfish Harvest; Fish; Pathogens; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing
Dalzell, P. and A. D. Lewis. 1989. A review of the South Pacific tuna baitfisheries: small pelagic fisheries associated with coral reefs. Marine Fisheries Review 51:10-Jan. 1989 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Review Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Seaman Jr, W., R. M. Buckley, and J. J. Polovina. 1989. Advances in knowledge and priorities for research, technology and management related to artificial aquatic habitats. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:527-532. 1989 Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector
Boc Jr. Stanley, J. and DA VI D McGehee. 1989. Agat small boat harbor. Guam monitoring plan. Pages 1492-1497 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1989 Guam Field Study & Monitoring; Model Military; Ports & Harbors; Shoreline Protection; Small Boats
Bull Ann, SC AR BO RO UG H. 1989. Fish assemblages at oil and gas platforms, compared to natural hard/live bottom areas in the Gulf of Mexico. Pages 979-987 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1989 South & Central America; Mexico Fish; Oil & Gas Rigs; Piscivorous Fish; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Baldwin, C. L. 1989. Water quality and management in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Water Science and Technology 21:267-272. 1989 Australia Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation
Bell, P. R. F., P. F. Greenfield, D. Hawker, and D. Connell. 1989. The impact of waste discharges on coral reef regions. Water Science and Technology 21:121-130. 1989 Discharges; Hotel & Food Services; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation
McGurrin, J. M. and A. J. Fedler. 1989. Tenneco II artificial reef project: an evaluation of rigs-to-reefs fisheries development. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:777-781. 1989 Florida Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector
McGurrin, J. M., R. B. Stone, and R. J. Sousa. 1989. Profiling United States artificial reef development. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:1004-1013. 1989 Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Davis, G. E. and J. W. Dodrill. 1989. Recreational fishery and population dynamics of spiny lobsters, Panulirus argus in Florida Bay, Everglades National Park, 1977-1980. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:78-88. 1989 Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Plankton; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Clark John, R., BI LL Y Causey, and A. Bohnsack James. 1989. Benefits from coral reef protection: Looe Key Reef, Florida. Pages 3076-3086 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1989 South & Central America; Florida; Southeast Asia; Philippines; Caribbean Review Fish; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Rapaport, M. 1989. Fenuafala health survey: the ecology of health and disease on a coral atoll village. Asia-Pacific journal of public health / Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health 3:129-138. 1989 Fishing Sector; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Microorganisms; Pathogens
Hinrichsen, D. 1989. Coping with pollution in Indonesia. Earthwatch 35:8-Jun. 1989 Indonesia Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Sediment; Special Use Permitting; Wastewater Discharge
Domros, M. 1989. The attraction potential for tourism and its organisation on the Maldives [Attraktivitatspotential und Organisationsphanomene des Fremdenverkehrs auf den Maldiven]. Erde 120:35-45. 1989 Maldives Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Tourism & Recreation
Watson, R. A. and G. Goeden. 1989. Temporal and spatial zonation of the demersal trawl fauna of the central Great Barrier reef. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 27:611-620. 1989 Australia Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Preu, C. 1989. Problems of recent morphodynamics of the Sri Lankan coast [Zur problematik der rezenten morphodynamik an den kusten Sri Lankas]. Erdkundliches Wissen 97:23-42. 1989 Sri Lanka Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Wellmer, H. 1989. The underground drainage-system in the Fort of Galle (Sri Lanka). Erdkundliches Wissen 97:141-167. 1989 Sri Lanka Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Skeletal Coral
Bockstael, N. E., K. E. McConnell, and I. E. Strand. 1989. A aandom utility model for sportfishing: some preliminary results for florida. Marine Resource Economics 6:245-260. 1989 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; Model Finfish Harvest; Non-Monetary Valuation; Recreational Fishing
Meiorin, E.C. 1989. �Urban Runoff Treatment in a Fresh/Brackish Water Marsh in Fremont, California�, in: Hammer, D.A. (Ed.) Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment: Municipal, Industrial, and Agricultural, Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea, pp. 677-685. 1989 Agriculture; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands
Principe, P. P. 1989. The economic significance of plants and their constituents as drugs. Pages 1-17 in H. Wagner, H. Hikino, and N.R. Farnsworth, editors. Economic and Medicinal Plant Research, Volume 3. Academic Press, London. 1989
McKenna, PE TE R. 1989. Application of estimation error studies for decision-making regarding sampling patterns on a South African gold mine. Pages 304-318 in Application of Computers and Operations Research in the Mineral Industry. 1989 South Africa Model Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining
Grigg, R. W. 1989. Precious coral fisheries of the Pacific and Mediterranean. Pages 637-645 in J. F. Caddy, editor. Marine invertebrate fisheries: their assessment and management. John Wiley, San Francisco. 1989 US Pacific & Hawaii Fishing Sector
Isenberg, JE RE MY, ED WA RD Richardson, and HI RO YU KI Kameda. 1989. Pipeline field experiment at Parkfield, CA. Pages 517-524 in [No source information available]. 1989 Japan Field Study & Monitoring Pipelines
Rigden, B. 1989. Water and wastewater treatment for a small island resort. Water Science and Technology 21:189-193. 1989 Hotel & Food Services; Sewage Treatment; Wastewater Discharge
Woodley, S. 1989. Management of water quality in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Water Science and Technology 21:31-38. 1989 Australia Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Parker, M. E. and E. J. Henkhaus. 1989. High Island A-343 'A' and 'B'. A case history of offshore platform abandonment and artificial reef planning. Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE 1989 Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Hill, G. J. E. and A. Barnes. 1989. Census and distribution of wedge-tailed shearwater Puffinus pacificus burrows on Heron Island, November 1985. Emu 89:135-139. 1989 US Pacific & Hawaii Hotel & Food Services
Yamane, T. 1989. Status and future plans of artificial reef projects in Japan. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:1038-1040. 1989 Japan Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Housing
Milon, J. W. 1989. Artificial marine habitat characteristics and participation behavior by sport anglers and divers. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:853-862. 1989 Florida Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Janca Robyn, WO OD WA RD. 1989. Deep reef and beyond: An overview of the development of tourist submarine industry. Pages 747-749 in [No source information available]. 1989 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Tourism & Recreation
McManus John, W. 1989. Earth observing system and coral reef fisheries. Pages 4936-4949 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1989 Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector; Shoreline Protection
McManus Liana, TA LA UE. 1989. Coralline resources of Lingayen Gulf, Philippines: a proposal for their management. Pages 3098-3107 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1989 Philippines Complex Habitat & Resources; Cultural Policies; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Polovina, J. J. and I. Sakai. 1989. Impacts of artificial reefs on fishery production in Shimamaki, Japan. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:997-1003. 1989 Japan Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Octopus & Squid
Hixon, M. A. and J. P. Beets. 1989. Shelter characteristics and Caribbean fish assemblages: experiments with artificial reefs. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:666-680. 1989 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Apex Fish Predators; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Deligne, P. 1989. Epidemiological, Clinical, And Therapeutical Features Of Ciguatera In 1989 [Aspects Epidemiologiques, Cliniques Et Therapeutiques De La Ciguatera En 1989]. Urgences Medicales 8:367-376. 1989 Europe Finfish Harvest; Fish; Medical Centers; Tourism & Recreation
Sheehy Daniel, J. and F. Vik Susan. 1989. Extending mitigation banking beyond wetlands. Pages 1242-1253 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1989 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fishing Sector; Mitigation; Wetlands
Woodley Jeremy, D. and R. Clark John. 1989. Rehabilitation of degraded coral reefs. Pages 3059-3075 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1989 Review Algae; Aquaculture; Marine Protected Areas; Mitigation
Ruff, T. A. 1989. Ciguatera in the pacific: A link with military activities. Lancet 1:201-205. 1989 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Infrastructure; Military; Pathogens
Rubec, P. J. 1988. The need for conservation and management of Philippine coral reefs. Environmental Biology of Fishes 23:141-154. 1988 Agriculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Gyuris, E. and C. J. Limpus. 1988. The loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, in Queensland: population breeding structure. Australian Wildlife Research 15:197-209. 1988 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Turtles
Hatcher, B. G. 1988. Coral reef primary productivity: A beggar's banquet. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 3:106-111. 1988 Review Agriculture; Primary Production
Chansang, H. 1988. Coastal tin mining and marine pollution in Thailand. Ambio 17:223-228. 1988 Thailand; Malaysia; Indonesia Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Mining; Sediment; Waterborne Discharges
Gomez, E. D. 1988. Overview of environmental problems in the East Asian Seas Region. Ambio 17:166-169. 1988 Thailand; Malaysia; Southeast Asia; Indonesia; Philippines Review Fishing Sector; Mangroves
Reinhardt, J. W. 1988. Uppermost permian reefs and permo-triassic sedimentary facies from the southeastern margin of Sichuan Basin, China. Facies 18:231-287. 1988 China GIS & Maps Climate; Coal Mining; Echinoderms; Salinity; Sediment; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
[No author name available]. 1988. Stemming the tide on the Wirral. OFFSHORE RES. FOCUS 67:-4. 1988 Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection
Tucker, T. and B. T. Doughty. 1988. Naval Facilities, Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Territory: Management And Administration. Pages 191-215 in Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers (London). 1988 Indian Ocean; India Coastal Defense; Military
Bertrand, J. 1988. Selectivity of hooks in the handline fishery of the Saya de Malha banks (Indian Ocean). Fisheries Research 6:249-255. 1988 Indian Ocean; India Finfish Harvest; Fish
Rand, T. G. and M. Wiles. 1988. Bacterial involvement in a saddleback disease of the reef silverside, Atherina harringtonensis Goode (Pisces: Atherinidae) from Bermudan waters. Journal of Fish Biology 32:805-816. 1988 Bermuda Fish; Microorganisms; Pathogens
Perez-Rosas, N. and T. C. Hazen. 1988. In situ survival of vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli in tropical coral reefs. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 54:9-Jan. 1988 Puerto Rico Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Sediment
Dillon, W. P., J. S. Schlee, and K. D. Klitgord. 1988. The development of the continental margin of eastern North America-conjugate continental margin to West Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences 7:361-367. 1988 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model Coal Mining; Sediment
Crawford, C. M., J. S. Lucas, and W. J. Nash. 1988. Growth and survival during the ocean-nursery rearing of giant clams, Tridacna gigas. 1. Assessment of four culture methods. Aquaculture 68:103-113. 1988 Australia; Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Substrate
Patterson, T. F., S. R. Bell, and F. J. Bia. 1988. Vibrio alginolyticus cellulitis following coral injury. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 61:507-512. 1988 South & Central America; Caribbean Pathogens; Tourism & Recreation
Schroeder, W. W., M. R. Dardeau, J. J. Dindo, P. Fleischer, K. L. Heck Jr., and A. W. Schultz. 1988. Geological and biological aspects of hardbottom environments on the L'Mafla shelf, northern Gulf of Mexico. Pages 17-21 in [No source information available]. 1988 South & Central America; Florida; Cuba; Mexico Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Octocoral
Shah, B. C., W. S. Tillinghast, and L. A. Sturdevant. 1988. Laying flexible pipelines over coral reefs. in [No source information available]. 1988 Field Study & Monitoring Pipelines; Water Depth & Sea Level
Hayashi, I. and H. Yamakawa. 1988. Population fluctuations of three sympatric species of Haliotis (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in artificial habitats at Kominato, central Japan. Aquaculture 73:67-84. 1988 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan GIS & Maps Algae; Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Molluscs
Tencer, A. F., P. L. Woodard, J. Swenson, and K. L. Brown. 1988. Mechanical and bone ingrowth properties of a polymer-coated, porous, synthetic, coralline hydroxyapatite bone-graft material. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 523:157-172. 1988 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Gutherz, E. J. and G. J. Pellegrin. 1988. Estimate of the catch of red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, by shrimp trawlers in the US Gulf of Mexico. Marine Fisheries Review 50:17-25. 1988 South & Central America; Mexico Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Piscivorous Fish
Karisiddaiah, S. M., M. Veerayya, and M. V. S. Guptha. 1988. Texture, carbonate content and component composition of Mauritius beach sands, Indian Ocean. Journal of Coastal Research 4:465-474. 1988 Indian Ocean; Mauritius; India Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment
Smith, S. H. 1988. Cruise ships: A serious threat to coral reefs and associated organisms. Ocean and Shoreline Management 11:231-248. 1988 Cruise Ships; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Wicklund Robert, I. 1988. Field research programs at the Caribbean Marine Research Center - national undersea research program. Pages 119-122 in [No source information available]. 1988 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Snails & Conch
Johnson, M. E., D. F. Skinner, and K. G. Macleod. 1988. Ecological zonation during the carbonate transgression of a late Ordovician rocky shore (Northeastern Manitoba, Hudson Bay, Canada). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 65:93-114. 1988 Field Study & Monitoring Social Organizations; Water Depth & Sea Level
Myers, N. 1988. Environmental degradation and some economic consequences in the Philippines. Environmental Conservation 15:205-214. 1988 Global; Philippines Deforestation & Devegetation; Fishing Sector
Anon,. 1988. American Pavilion Mimics The Oceans|. Indian Concrete Journal 62:114-115. 1988 Florida Apex Fish Predators; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Plankton
Dixom, SU SE TT E. 1988. Major wave study at great barrier reef. Journal of the Institution of Engineers, Australia 60:41-43. 1988 Australia Ports & Harbors; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
McClanahan, T. R. and N. A. Muthiga. 1988. Changes in Kenyan coral reef community structure and function due to exploitation. Hydrobiologia 166:269-276. 1988 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins; Substrate
McClanahan, T. R. 1988. Coexistence in a sea urchin guild and its implications to coral reef diversity and degradation. Oecologia 77:210-218. 1988 Finfish Harvest; Sea Urchins
Essig Ronald, J. 1988. Outer continental shelf fishery resources of the south Atlantic. Pages 127-131 in [No source information available]. 1988 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Sekita, K., H. Okubo, H. Kiura, V. Takahashi, and K. Masuda. 1988. Model test and field survey of a floating artificial reef moored by new parallel wire cable. Pages 553-560 in IN: OTC '88 PROC. TWENTIETH ANNUAL OFFSHORE TECHNOL. CONF., (HOUSTON, U.S.A.: MAY 2-5, 1988). 1988 Japan Field Study & Monitoring; Model Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Water Depth & Sea Level
Morrissey, J., M.S. Jones, and V. Harriot. 1988. Nutrient cycling in the Great Barrier Reef Aquarium. Pages 563-7 in Proceedings of the 6th Int Coral Reef Sym. 1988 Australia Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Nutrients
Alcala, A. C. 1988. Effects of marine reserves on coral fish abundances and yields of Philippine coral reefs. Ambio 17:194-199. 1988 Philippines Review Finfish Harvest; Fish
Pearce, A. F. and B. F. Phillips. 1988. ENSO events, the Leeuwin Current, and larval recruitment of the western rock lobster. Journal du Conseil - Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer 45:13-21. 1988 Australia Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Water Depth & Sea Level
Kozlowski, J., J. Rosier, and G. Hill. 1988. Ultimate Environmental Threshold (UET) method in a marine environment (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park in Australia). Landscape and Urban Planning 15:327-336. 1988 Australia Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Tourism & Recreation
Viles, H. A. 1988. Coastal landforms: human activity, geomorphology and ecology in the coastal zone. Progress in Physical Geography 12:293-301. 1988 Review Beaches & Nature Parks
Bird, E. C. F. 1988. Physiographic indications of a sea-level rise. Pages 60-73 Greenhouse: planning for climate change. 1988 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate
McLoughlin, R. J., T. L. O. Davis, and T. J. Ward. 1988. Sedimentary provinces, and associated bedforms and benthos on the Scott Reef-Rowley Shoals platform off north-west Australia. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 39:133-144. 1988 Australia Fishing Sector; Sediment
Myres, J. A. L. 1988. From Quadrant to Laser: 200 years of nautical charting in Australia - part two. Land & Minerals Surveying 6:632-641. 1988 Australia Coastal Defense; Military
Geldsetzer, H. H. J., W. D. Goodfellow, D. J. McLaren, and M. J. Orchard. 1987. Sulfur-isotope anomaly associated with the Frasnian-Famennian extinction, Medicine Lake, Alberta, Canada. Geology 15:393-396. 1987 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Sediment
Ettouati, W. S. and R. S. Jacobs. 1987. Effect of pseudopterosin A on cell division, cell cycle progression, DNA, and protein synthesis in cultured sea urchin embryos. Molecular Pharmacology 31:500-505. 1987 Octocoral; Sea Urchins
Russell Gary, M., MA RK Stewart, and L. Higer Aaron. 1987. Examples Of Landfill-Generated Plumes In Low-Relief Areas, Southeast Florida. Water Resources Bulletin 23:863-866. 1987 Florida Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Irrigation; Non-point Source Runoff; Solid Waste Disposal
Morelock, JA CK. 1987. Beach Sand Budget For Western Puerto Rico. Pages 1333-1345 in [No source information available]. 1987 Puerto Rico Index or Indicator Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Snails & Conch; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Preu, C. 1987. Coastline changes in Sri Lanka: man as a regulating factor in the make-up of processes of coastal erosion [Kustenveranderung in Sri Lanka: der Mensch als Steuerungsfaktor im Prozessgefuge der Kustenabrasion]. Berliner Geographische Studien 25:119-132. 1987 Sri Lanka Beaches & Nature Parks; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Uthoff, D. 1987. Man-induced coastal disturbance on the 'dream beachs' of Sri Lanka: causes and consequences [Anthropogen induzierte Kustenzerstorung an den 'Traumstranden' Sri Lankas: Ursachen und Folgen]. Berliner Geographische Studien 25:403-419. 1987 Sri Lanka Beaches & Nature Parks; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Zimmer-Faust, R. K. and E. Spanier. 1987. Gregariousness and sociality in spiny lobsters: implications for den habitation. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 105:57-71. 1987 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Reggio, V. C. 1987. Rigs-to-Reefs. The use of obsolete petroleum structures as artificial reefs. in [No source information available]. 1987 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Gable, F. 1987. Changing climate and Caribbean coastlines. Oceanus 30:53-56. 1987 South & Central America; Caribbean Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Wetlands
Goodwin, M. 1987. Changing times for Caribbean fisheries. Oceanus 30:57-64. 1987 South & Central America; Caribbean Fishing Sector; Mangroves
Hain, J. H. W. 1987. Belize. Oceanus 30:76-84. 1987 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Agriculture; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Stanley Jon, G., L. Eshenroder Randy, and L. Hartman Wilbur. 1987. Sanctuaries For Lake Trout In The Great Lakes. Pages 3141-3152 in [No source information available]. 1987 India Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Cambers, G. 1987. A programme for beach erosion control in Barbados, West Indies. Pages ChiOceanPress-1987 in IN: 1987 PROC. COASTAL & PORT ENGINEERING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, SECOND INT. CONF., (BEIJING, CHINA: SEP. 7-11, 1987). 1987 South & Central America; China; Caribbean Shoreline Armoring; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Thia-Eng, CH UA and N. Paw James. 1987. Aquaculture Development And Coastal Zone Management In Southeast Asia: Conflicts And Complementary. Pages 2007-2021 in [No source information available]. 1987 Southeast Asia Review Agriculture; Aquaculture; Mangroves
Welborn, C.T.; Veenhuis, J.E. 1987. Effects of Runoff Controls on the Quantity and Quality of Urban Runoff at Two Locations in Austin, Texas, Available from OFSS, USGS, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4004, 1987. 101p, 51 fig, 14 tab, 13 ref. 1987 Discharges; Housing; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Hutchings, P. A. and B. L. Wu. 1987. Coral reefs of Hainan Island, South China Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 18:25-26. 1987 China Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral
White Alan, T. and C. Savina Gail. 1987. Community-Based Marine Reserves, A Philippine First. Pages 2022-2036 in [No source information available]. 1987 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fish
Longhurst, A. R. and D. Pauly. 1987. Ecology of tropical oceans. Ecology of tropical oceans. 1987 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Review Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Plankton; Sea Urchins
Varma, M. M. and J. Alfaro. 1987. Coastal water quality and its effect on beach erosion: A case study. Journal of Environmental Systems 17. 1987 Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Shoreline Protection; Wastewater Discharge
Lin, S. S. 1987. A universal footing with jetting. Pages 299-306 in IN: OTC 87 PROC., NINETEENTH ANNUAL OFFSHORE TECHNOL. CONF., (HOUSTON, U.S.A.: APR. 27-30, 1987). 1987 Lab Study Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Defense; Military
Tillinghast, W. S., L. A. Sturdevant, and B. C. Shah. 1987. Laying flexible pipelines over coral reefs in the Geisum field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt. in IN: OTC '87, PROC. NINETEENTH ANNUAL OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONF., (HOUSTON, U.S.A.: APR. 27-30, 1987). 1987 Egypt Field Study & Monitoring Pipelines
Ahrens, J. P. 1987. Characteristics of reef breakwaters. Technical Report - US Army Coastal Engineering Research Center. 1987 Lab Study Coastal Engineering; Military; Shoreline Protection
Christian Richard, T. 1987. Arc Reefs: Designed Artificial Reef Systems. Pages 3621-3628 in [No source information available]. 1987 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest
Principe, P. P. 1987. The economic value of biological diversity among medicinal plants. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, final draft approved by Group of Economic Experts. 1987 Monetary Valuation
Hughes, T. P., D. C. Reed, and M.-J. Boyle. 1987. Herbivory on coral reefs: community structure following mass mortalities of sea urchins. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 113:39-59. 1987 Jamaica Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Storms & Hurricanes
Driessen Paul, K. 1987. Oil Rigs: Biology, Mariculture, Drilling Muds, Rigs-To-Reefs. Pages 3605-3620 in [No source information available]. 1987 South & Central America; Mexico Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Oil & Gas Rigs; Substrate
Hueckel, G. J. and R. M. Buckley. 1987. The influence of prey communities on fish species assemblages on artificial reefs in Puget Sound, Washington. Environmental Biology of Fishes 19:195-214. 1987 Algae; Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Seastars; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Galzin, R. 1987. Potential fisheries yield of a Moorea fringing reef (French Polynesia) by the analysis of three dominant fishes. Atoll Research Bulletin 1987 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Fishing Sector
Donley, L. W. 1987. Life in the Swahili town house reveals the symbolic meaning of spaces and artefact assemblages. The African Archaeological Review 5:181-192. 1987 Kenya Housing
Howes, J. 1987. Platform abandonment: the options considered. in [No source information available]. 1987 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest
Hughes, DO NA LD. 1987. Briny Deep Comes Ashore. Civil engineering New York, N.Y57:50-52. 1987 Apex Fish Predators; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Plankton
Kintanar Roman, L. and P. Fama Rebecca. 1987. Coastal Zone Management Of Puerto Galera. Pages 2925-2938 in [No source information available]. 1987 Tourism & Recreation
Matthews, D. 1987. From rigs to reefs. LAMP 69:-2. 1987 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
McGurrin Joseph, M. and J. Reeff Mark. 1986. Artificial Reef Development And Deployment. Marine Technology Society Journal 20:9-Mar. 1986 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Mendoza, L. and A. A. Alfaro. 1986. Equine pythiosis in Costa Rica: Report of 39 cases. Mycopathologia 94:123-129. 1986 Costa Rica Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics
Side, J. 1986. Alternative uses: some fishery and environmental considerations. in [No source information available]. 1986 Review Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Slocum, DE AN, RI CH AR D Berlandy, and RO BE RT Wardwell. 1986. Facilities Planning In The Caribbean A Case Study. Pages 1351-1357 in [No source information available]. 1986 South & Central America; Caribbean Improved Technology; Sea Turtles; Sewage Treatment; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges
Galli, G. 1986. Facies analysis of a Devonian carbonate shoreline system (northern Italy). Sedimentary Geology 46:91-110. 1986 Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes
Nolan, G. A., P. D. Coghlan, I. Meech, and R. I. Rees. 1986. Coral Sea Haven At Mackay Harbour: A Regional Recreational Project. Pages 270-276 in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. 1986 Australia Review; Model Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Holmes, R. E., R. W. Bucholz, and V. Mooney. 1986. Porous hydroxyapatite as a bone-graft substitute in metaphyseal defects. A histometric study. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - Series A 68:904-911. 1986 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Anon,. 1986. OCEANS 86 - CONFERENCE RECORD. in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1986 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Remote Sensing Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Giesecke Anne, G. 1986. Artificial Reefs: Dealing With Conflicts And Varied Interests. Pages 522-523 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1986 Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish
Narita, H. 1986. Some recent advanced systems for ocean development. in [No source information available]. 1986 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fishing Sector; Whales & Dolphins
Flood, P. G. 1986. Sensitivity of coral cays to climatic variations, southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs 5:13-18. 1986 Australia Hotel & Food Services; Tourism & Recreation
Picken, G. B. and E. McVicar. 1986. The biological implications of abandonment options: the need for information. in [No source information available]. 1986 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest
Salm, R. V. 1986. Coral reefs and tourist carrying capacity: the Indian Ocean experience. Industry & Environment 9:14-Nov. 1986 Indian Ocean; India Review Tourism & Recreation
White, E. and E. C. Shors. 1986. Biomaterial aspects of Interpore-200 porous hydroxyapatite. Dental clinics of North America 30:49-67. 1986 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Milling, M. 1986. TAXI: a new British-designed ROV. INT. UNDERWATER SYST. DES8. 1986 Housing
Ludwig David, F. 1986. Perspectives For Research On Coal-Waste Artificial Reefs. Pages 556-559 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1986 Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining
Johnson, R. G. and J. T. Andrews. 1986. Glacial terminations in the oxygen isotope record of deep sea cores: hypothesis of massive Antarctic ice-shelf destruction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 53:107-138. 1986 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Beaches & Nature Parks
Beavis, A. and R. Charlier. 1986. Site selection studies for land-based OTEC power plants. in [No source information available]. 1986 Algae; Aquaculture
Harmelin-Vivien, M. L. and P. Laboute. 1986. Catastrophic impact of hurricanes on atoll outer reef slopes in the Tuamotu (French Polynesia). Coral Reefs 5:55-62. 1986 Cuba Beaches & Nature Parks; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Gordon Jr, W. R. and R. B. Ditton. 1986. A user-resource planning framework for offshore recreational artificial reefs. Coastal Zone Management Journal 13:369-395. 1986 Artificial Habitat; Tourism & Recreation
Sartoris, D. J., D. H. Gershuni, and W. H. Akeson. 1986. Coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes: Preliminary report of radiographic evaluation. Radiology 159:133-137. 1986 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Savina, G. C. and A. T. White. 1986. A tale of two islands: Some lessons for marine resource management. Environmental Conservation 13:107-113. 1986 Philippines Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Resource Use Management
Wilson Charles, A. and VI RG IN IA Van Sickle. 1986. Development And Implementation Of An Artificial Reef Program For The State Of Louisiana. Pages 531-537 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1986 Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Oil & Gas Industry; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Sartoris, D. J., R. E. Holmes, R. W. Bucholz, and D. Resnick. 1986. Coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes in a canine diaphyseal defect model: Radiographic features of failed and successful union. Skeletal Radiology 15:642-647. 1986 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sartoris, D. J., R. E. Holmes, and A. F. Tencer. 1986. Coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes in a canine metaphyseal defect model: Radiographic-biomechanical correlation. Skeletal Radiology 15:635-641. 1986 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hwang, Jing-San. 1986. Water Problems On The Penghu Islands In Taiwan. Pages 1622-1629 in [No source information available]. 1986 Taiwan Water
Gatsoulis, PH IL IP, E. Fordham Mark, and E. Cooley Paul. 1986. Disney Engineers Voyage To The Deep. Civil engineering New York, N.Y56:50-53. 1986 Fish; Hotel & Food Services; Whales & Dolphins
White, A. T. 1986. Marine reserves: How effective as management strategies for Philippine, Indonesian and Malaysian coral reef environments? Ocean Management 10:137-159. 1986 Malaysia; Southeast Asia; Indonesia; Philippines Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Tsuchiya, Y., I. Shibano, T. Yamashita, T. Shirai, and A. Yamamoto. 1986. Beach processes and their control in Itoigawa coast, Niigata [Beach processes and their control in Itoigawa coast, Niigata]. Annuals - Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University 29:727-762. 1986 Japan Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
Bell, ME LV IN. 1986. Needs Of Marine Artificial Reef Programs In The United States: A State Manager'S Viewpoint. Pages 552-555 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1986 Artificial Habitat; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Christian Richard, T. 1986. Innovative Technologies For The Design And Fabrication Of Cost-Effective Artificial Reef Structures. Pages 524-527 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1986 Artificial Habitat; Construction Codes & Projects; Fishing Sector
Burke, W. A., J. R. Steinbaugh, and E. J. O'Keefe. 1986. Delayed hypersensitivity reaction following a sea urchin sting. International Journal of Dermatology 25:649-650. 1986 Oman Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sea Urchins
Kun-Hsiung, CH AN G. 1985. Review of artificial reefs in Taiwan: emphasizing site selection and effectiveness. Bulletin of Marine Science 37:143-150. 1985 Taiwan Review Algae; Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates
Side, J. 1985. Alternative uses of offshore installations. in [No source information available]. 1985 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives
Somerville, I. D. and G. L. Jones. 1985. The Courceyan stratigraphy of the Pallaskenry Borehole, County Limerick, Ireland. Geological Journal 20:377-400. 1985 Britain Agriculture
Auyong, JA N, B. Ditton Robert, and C. Reggio Jr. Villere. 1985. Offshore Petroleum Structures Lure Fisherman Seaward In The Central Gulf Of Mexico. Pages 561-567 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1985 South & Central America; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest
Samiullah, Y. 1985. Biological effects of marine oil pollution. Oil and Petrochemical Pollution 2:235-264. 1985 Global Review Discharges; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Mangroves; Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
James, W. 1985. The truth about offshore drilling. AGA MON67:-18. 1985 Artificial Habitat; Oil & Gas Industry; Petroleum Spills
Domroes, M. 1985. Tourism resources and their development in Maldive Islands. GeoJournal 10:119-126. 1985 Maldives; Europe Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Hotel & Food Services; Tourism & Recreation
Barss, P. G. 1985. Penetrating wounds caused by needle-fish in Oceania. The Medical journal of Australia 143:617-618. 1985 US Pacific & Hawaii; Malaysia; Japan Finfish Harvest; Fish
Galloway, R. W. 1985. Northern Territory. in [No source information available]. 1985 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Pitman, J. I. 1985. Thailand. in [No source information available]. 1985 Thailand Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Hornibrook, C. A. and J. H. Parker. 1985. Technical Review Of The Energy Authority Coal Waste Artificial Reef Program (C-Warp). Pages 249-268 in Materials Research Society Symposia Proceedings. 1985 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Review; Field Study & Monitoring Artificial Habitat; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Coal Mining; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research
Bohnsack, J. A. and D. L. Sutherland. 1985. Artificial reef research: a review with recommendations for future priorities. Bulletin of Marine Science 37:Nov-39. 1985 Japan Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Social Organizations; Tourism & Recreation
Harrington, H. J. and R. J. Korsch. 1985. Late Permian to Cainozoic tectonics of the New England Orogen ( USA). Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 32:181-203. 1985 Australia; Oman; England Field Study & Monitoring Coal Mining; Sediment
Sato, O. 1985. Scientific rationales for fishing reef design. Bulletin of Marine Science 37:329-335. 1985 Finfish Harvest; Fish
Swan, B. 1985. Sri Lanka. in [No source information available]. 1985 Sri Lanka Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves
Scoffin, T. P. and A. W. Tudhope. 1985. Sedimentary environments of the Central Region of the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. Coral Reefs 4:81-93. 1985 Australia; Cuba Calcareous Macroalgae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Sediment; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Woods, P. J., M. J. Webb, and I. G. Eliot. 1985. Western Australia. in [No source information available]. 1985 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Mangroves; Storms & Hurricanes
Alexander, C. S. 1985. Tanzania. in [No source information available]. 1985 Tanzania Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Battistini, R. 1985. Indian Ocean islands. in [No source information available]. 1985 Indian Ocean; Seychelles; Maldives; India Beaches & Nature Parks
Pfeffer, R. A. and G. W. Tribble. 1985. Hurricane effects on an aquarium fish fishery in the Hawaiian Islands. in IN: PROC. FIFTH INT. CORAL REEF CONGRESS, (MOOREA, FRENCH POLYNESIA: MAY 27-JUN. 1, 1985). 1985 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Rogers, C. S. 1985. Degradation of Caribbean and western Atlantic coral reefs and decline of associated fisheries. Pages 491-496 in Fifth International Coral Reef Congress. Tahiti. 1985 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Fishing Sector
Bird, E. C. F. 1985. Philippines. in [No source information available]. 1985 Philippines Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Storms & Hurricanes
Bird, E. C. F. 1985. Cuba. in [No source information available]. 1985 Cuba Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves
Moyer, J. T., H. Higuchi, K. Matsuda, and M. Hasegawa. 1985. Threat to unique terrestrial and marine environments and biota in a Japanese National Park. Environmental Conservation 12:293-301. 1985 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan; Caribbean Agriculture; Fish; Forestry; Housing; Land & Air Transportation; Military; Stony Coral
Campbell, J. F. and R. Moberly. 1985. Hawaii. in [No source information available]. 1985 US Pacific & Hawaii Beaches & Nature Parks
Chen, J., C. Liu, and Z. Yu. 1985. China. in [No source information available]. 1985 China; Taiwan Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Nakamura, M. 1985. Evolution of artificial fishing reef concepts in Japan. Bulletin of Marine Science 37:271-278. 1985 Japan Finfish Harvest; Fish
Dengo, G. 1985. Caribbean Central America. in [No source information available]. 1985 South & Central America; Caribbean Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment
Drew, K. S. 1985. United Arab Emirates. in [No source information available]. 1985 United Arab Emirates Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Eisma, D. 1985. Vietnam. in [No source information available]. 1985 Vietnam Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Dustan, P. 1985. Community structure of reef-building corals in the Florida Keys: Carysfort Reef, Key Largo and Long Key Reef, Dry Tortugas. Atoll Research Bulletin 1985 Florida Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Stony Coral
Grainge, A. M. and K. G. Davies. 1985. Reef exploration in the East Sengkang Basin, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Marine and Petroleum Geology 2:142-155. 1985 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Ryan, J. J. 1985. Investigation, design and construction of submarine ocean outfall pipeline off ninety mile beach, Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. Water Science and Technology 17:1465-1467. 1985 Australia Discharges; Forestry; Pipelines; Salinity; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
[No author name available]. 1985. Another port for Florida? PORT DEV. INT3:-22. 1985 Florida Agriculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fish; Forestry
Tencer, A. F., V. Mooney, K. L. Brown, and P. A. Silva. 1985. Compressive properties of polymer coated synthetic hydroxyapatite for bone grafting. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 19:957-969. 1985 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Jones, E. B. 1985. Jamaica. in [No source information available]. 1985 Jamaica Beaches & Nature Parks; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Knap Anthony, H., D. Sleeter Thomas, and WY N Hughes Idwal. 1985. Case History: The Grounding Of The M/T Tifoso, 1983: A Test Of Bermuda'S Contingency Plan. Pages 289-291 in [No source information available]. 1985 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bermuda Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Defense; Tourism & Recreation
Grover, D. H. 1985. Army hopper dredges in World War II. World dredging & marine construction 21:-29. 1985 US Pacific & Hawaii; Europe Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Military; Stony Coral
Van Oortmerssen, GE RA RD. 1985. Recent Advances In Marine Technology In The Netherlands. Marine Technology Society Journal 19:25-31. 1985 Java; Indonesia Model Pipelines; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Solonsky, A. C. 1985. Fish colonization and the effect of fishing activities on two artificial reefs in Monterey Bay, California. Bulletin of Marine Science 37:336-347. 1985 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Sakai, IT SU O, NO BU O Takai, and TA KE O Kondo. 1985. Improvement And Construction Of Coastal Fishing Grounds In Japan. Pages 2239-2248 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1985 Japan Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Products
Anon,. 1985. Coal-Waste Artificial Reef Program. Electric Power Research Institute, Coal Combustion Systems Division, (Report) EPRI CS. 1985 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining; Fish; Natural Gas & Electric Power
Hay, M. E. 1984. Patterns of fish and urchin grazing on Caribbean coral reefs: are previous results typical? Ecology 65:446-454. 1984 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Bahamas; Haiti; Belize; Honduras; Panama; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Seagrasses; Small Herbivorous Fish
McInnes, D. B. 1984. Geotechnical Aspects Of Coal Mining Waste Disposal In The Sydney Basin. Pages 461-465 in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. 1984 Australia Coal Mining
Ansell, A. D. 1984. The beach at Qurm. NERC Newsjournal 3:10-Aug. 1984 Beaches & Nature Parks; Hotel & Food Services; Mangroves
Bird, E. C. F. 1984. Coasts: an introduction to coastal geomorphology. Third edition. Coasts: an introduction to coastal geomorphology. Third edition. 1984 Beaches & Nature Parks
Seelig, W. N. 1984. Salvage and demolition of two navy offshore platforms. in [No source information available]. 1984 Florida; Panama Coastal Defense; Finfish Harvest; Military
Abu Gideiri, Y. B. 1984. Implications of sea mining for the Red Sea environment. Hydrobiologia 110:15-19. 1984 Sudan Field Study & Monitoring; Model Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mining; Water Depth & Sea Level
Blair, CA RV EL and DA VI D Feigenbaum. 1984. Black Sea Bass And Friends Move Into Concrete Igloos. 48:24-27. 1984 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest
Isdale, P. 1984. Fluorescent bands in massive corals record centuries of coastal rainfall. Nature 310:578-579. 1984 Australia Agriculture; Civil Engineering & Construction; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral
Peck, J. W. 1984. Lake trout reproduction on a man-made spawning reef. Michigan Department of Natural Resources Fisheries Research Report 1919. 1984 Fishing Sector
Bunt, J. S. 1984. Australian tropical marine ecosystems. Pages 125-145 Northern Australia. 1984 Australia Aquaculture; Mangroves
Dewhirst, R. F., S. P. Moult, and J. A. Coetzee. 1984. Intensive Cyanidation For The Recovery Of Coarse Gold. Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 84:159-163. 1984 Mining; Toxics
Grigg, R.W. 1984. Resource management of precious corals: a review and application to shallow water reef building corals. Marine Ecology 5:57-74. 1984 US Pacific & Hawaii Review; Model Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management; Stony Coral
Aldridge, B. N. and J. H. Eychaner. 1984. Floods Of October 1977 In Southern Arizona And March 1978 In Central Arizona. US Geological Survey Water Supply Paper. 1984 South & Central America; Mexico Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water
Verster, D. M. 1984. Practical Experience With The Replicast Fm (Full Mould) Process At The Standard Brass Iron And Steel Foundries. in Proceedings of the Annual Conference - Steel Castings Research and Trade Association. 1984 Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining
Campbell Thomas, J. and KI M Beachler. 1984. Engineering For Beach Restoration Dredging. Pages 1014-1023 in [No source information available]. 1984 Florida Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Shoreline Protection; Special Use Permitting; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Wilkie, A., M. Barry, P. J. Reynolds, N. O'Kelly, and E. Colleran. 1984. Anaerobic Filter Digestion Of Agricultural Wastes. Pages 306-314 in Solar Energy R&D in the European Community, Series E: Energy from Biomass. 1984 Europe Agriculture; Wastewater Discharge
Wood Mark, A., W. Miller James, IA N Koblick, and NE IL Monney. 1984. Marine Resources Classroom/Laboratory - Underwater Classroom Of Tomorrow. Pages 535-538 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1984 Lab Study Schools & Colleges
Eisenberg, W. SA M. 1984. Tampa Harbor Florida Deepening Project. Pages 973-979 in [No source information available]. 1984 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ports & Harbors
Hatch Randolph, T., KE NN ET H Workman, and R. Comeau Peter. 1984. Operating Results After Replacement Of Acid And Shmp With The Af 100 Antiscalant At The Cape Coral Municipal Ro Facility. in Technical Proceedings - Annual Conference and Trade Fair of the Water Supply Improvement Associati. 1984 Index or Indicator Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Water
Wellington, G. M. 1984. Marine environment and protection. Pages 247-263 Key environments: Galapagos. 1984 Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves
[No author name available]. 1984. MARINE SCIENCE OF THE NORTH-WEST INDIAN OCEAN AND ADJACENT WATERS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE MABAHISS JOHN MURRAY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM. Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers 31:571-1035. 1984 Indian Ocean; India; Egypt; Oman Fishing Sector; Plankton
Olsen, D. A., D. W. Nellis, and R. S. Wood. 1984. Ciguatera in the eastern Caribbean. Marine Fisheries Review 46:13-18. 1984 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Martinique; Caribbean Fish; Fishing Sector
Dicks, B. 1984. Oil pollution in the Red Sea - Environmental monitoring of an oilfield in a coral area, Gulf of Suez. Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers 31:833-854. 1984 Egypt Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Petroleum Spills; Recreational Opportunities; Seagrasses; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Ross, M. A. 1984. A quantitative study of the stony coral fishery in Cebu, Philippines. Marine Ecology 5:75-91. 1984 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management; Stony Coral
Roethel, F. J., I. A. Duedall, and P. M. J. Woodhead. 1983. Coal Waste Artificial Reef Program: Conscience Bay Studies. Electric Power Research Institute, Coal Combustion Systems Division, (Report) EPRI CS. 1983 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining; Natural Gas & Electric Power
Bell, J. D. 1983. Effects of depth and marine reserve fishing restrictions on the structure of a rocky reef fish assemblage in the north-western Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Applied Ecology 20:357-369. 1983 Finfish Harvest; Fish
Finn, D. 1983. Land use and abuse in the East African region. Ambio 12:296-301. 1983 Agriculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Deforestation & Devegetation; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Neff Jerry, M., P. Marum James, and J. SC OT T Warner. 1983. Composition And Fate Of Clean Ballast Water Discharged From Crude Oil Tankers. Pages 435-441 in [No source information available]. 1983 Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Oil & Gas Tankers
Wilson, A. D. and F. G. Beecroft. 1983. Soils of the Ha'apai Group, Kingdom of Tonga. New Zealand Soil Survey Report 67. 1983 Tonga GIS & Maps Forestry
Longhurst, A. 1983. Benthic-pelagic coupling and export of organic carbon from a tropical Atlantic continental shelf-Sierra Leone. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 17:261-285. 1983 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Fish; Fishing Sector; Microorganisms; Plankton; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Phillips, B. F. 1983. Migrations of pre-adult western rock lobsters, Panulirus cygnus, in Western Australia. Marine Biology 76:311-318. 1983 Australia Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Fricke, H. W. and H. Schuhmacher. 1983. The depth limits of Red Sea stony corals: an ecophysiological problem (a deep diving survey by submersible) ( Sinai coast). Marine Ecology 4:163-194. 1983 Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Plankton; Stony Coral
Parker Jeffrey, H. and M. J. Woodhead Peter. 1983. New Resource For Recreational Fishing Reef Construction. Pages 961-964 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1983 Finfish Harvest; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Hayakaya, Y. 1983. Land use for agriculture and flora in the Nansei Islands classified by ecological geography. The relationship between beef cattle raising and establishment of subclimax grasslands or arable land. Bulletin - Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station 22:605-665. 1983 Japan Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture
Schoeninger, M. J. and M. DeNiro. 1983. Stable nitrogen isotope ratios of bone collagen reflect marine and terrestrial components of prehistoric human diet. Science 220:1381-1383. 1983 Bahamas; India Agriculture; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients
Polunin, N. V. C. 1983. Marine 'genetic resources' and the potential role of protected areas in conserving them. Environmental Conservation 10:31-41. 1983 Review Aquaculture; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Schroeder, J. H. 1983. (The fringing reefs of Port Sudan, Sudan: II. Threats - protection - development aid). [Die Saumriffe von Port Sudan, Sudan: II. Gefahrdung - Schutz - Entwicklungshilfe.]. Essener Geographische Arbeiten 6:45-57. 1983 Sudan Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Education & Outreach; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Tourism & Recreation
Howard, A. E. and R. S. Nunny. 1983. Effects of near-bed current speeds on the distribution and behaviour of the lobster, Homarus gammarus (L.). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 71:27-42. 1983 Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Falkland, A. C. 1983. Groundwater resource study of Christmas Island, Republic of Kiribati. in [No source information available]. 1983 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Kiribati Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water
Parker, J. H., P. M. J. Woodhead, I. W. Duedall, and H. R. Carleton. 1983. Ocean disposal and construction with stabilized coal waste blocks. Water Science and Technology 15:83-95. 1983 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Lab Study Coal Mining; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Aiba, MI ZU O. 1983. Irrigation Water Resources Development Project By Groundwater Storage Dam. Civil engineering in Japan 22:152-163. 1983 Dam Construction & Maintenance; Irrigation; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Dicks, BR IA N. 1983. OIL POLLUTION IN THE RED SEA - ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF AN OILFIELD IN A CORAL AREA, GULF OF SUEZ. Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers 31:833-854. 1983 Egypt Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Seagrasses; Sediment
Rapson, A. M. 1983. Economic management of lagoons. Ocean Management 8:297-304. 1983 Australia Agriculture; Molluscs; Tourism & Recreation
Macintyre, I. G., B. Raymond, and R. Stuckenrath. 1983. Recent history of a fringing reef, Bahia Salina del Sur, Vieques Island, Puerto Rico. Atoll Research Bulletin 1983 Puerto Rico Coastal Defense; Military; Sediment; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Choi, D. R. 1982. Coelobites ( reef cavity-dwellers) as indicators of environmental effects caused by offshore drilling ( Palawan Island, Philippines). Bulletin of Marine Science 32:880-889. 1982 Philippines Index or Indicator Oil & Gas Industry; Skeletal Coral
ANON,. 1982. Beisa Uranium And Gold Mine Opens. Page 138 ENG MIN J. 1982 South Africa Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining
Szmant-Froelich, A., V. Johnson, T. Hoehn, J. Battey, G. J. Smith, E. Fleishmann, J. Porter, and D. Dallmeyer. 1982. The physiological effects of oil-drilling muds on the Caribbean coral Montastrea annularis. 1982 South & Central America; Caribbean Oil & Gas Industry
Bina Ricardo, T. and P. Reyes Geronimo. 1982. Mapping And Inventory Of Coral Reef Lagoons As Potential Mariculture Sites Using Sandsat Data. Page 879 in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment. 1982 GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research
Davis, N., G. R. VanBlaricom, and P. K. Dayton. 1982. Man-made structures on marine sediments: Effects on adjacent benthic communities. Marine Biology 70:295-303. 1982 Artificial Habitat; Docks & Marinas; Marine Worms; Octocoral; Oil & Gas Rigs; Sediment
Montaggioni, L. F. 1982. Pleistocene marine depositionalenvironments from Mauritius island, Indian Ocean. Geobios 15:161-179. 1982 Indian Ocean; Mauritius; India Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Coralline Algae; Echinoderms; Marine Worms; Octocoral; Sediment; Tunicates
Turner, C. C. and J. Ridgway. 1982. Tholeiitic, calc-alkaline and (?)alkaline igneous rocks of the Shortland Islands, Solomon Islands. Tectonophysics 87:335-354. 1982 US Pacific & Hawaii; Solomon Islands; Britain; Iceland Beaches & Nature Parks; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Spring, S. C. 1982. Marine turtle conservation in Papua New Guinea. Pages 303-306 in Traditional conservation in Papua New Guinea: implications for today. Proc. conference 1980. 1982 Papua New Guinea Sea Turtles
Goeden, G. B. 1982. Intensive fishing and a 'keystone' predator species: Ingredients for community instability. Biological Conservation 22:273-281. 1982 Australia Finfish Harvest; Fish
Campbell, I. B. 1982. Soils of Atiu, Cook Islands. New Zealand Soil Survey Report 54. 1982 Cook Islands GIS & Maps Agriculture; Nutrients
Woodhead, P. M. J., J. H. Parker, and I. W. Duedall. 1982. The coal-waste artificial reef program (C-WARP): a new resource potential for fishing reef construction. Marine Fisheries Review 44:16-23. 1982 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Antonius, A. and A. Weiner. 1982. Coral reefs under fire. Marine Ecology 3:255-277. 1982 US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico Coastal Defense; Military; Pathogens; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Johnson, A. M., R. L. Delong, C. H. Fiscus, and K. W. Kenyon. 1982. Population status of the Hawaiian monk seal ( Monachus schauinslandi), 1978. Journal of Mammalogy 63:415-421. 1982 US Pacific & Hawaii Apex Fish Predators; Beaches & Nature Parks
Buckley, R. M. 1982. Marine habitat enhancement and urban recreational fishing in Washington. Marine Fisheries Review 44:28-37. 1982 Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Hollett, K. J. and R. Moberly. 1982. Sedimentation, dredging, and spoil disposal in a subtropical estuarine lagoon. Environmental Geology 4:31-42. 1982 US Pacific & Hawaii Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Military; Non-point Source Runoff; Ports & Harbors; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Carleton, H. R., I. W. Duedall, P. M. J. Woodhead, and J. H. Parker. 1982. Coal combustion wastes as material for artificial reef construction. in [No source information available]. 1982 Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining
Curry-Lindahl, K. 1982. A tale of mismanagement at sea. ORYX 16:415-420. 1982 Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fish; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Surface & Groundwater Flow
White, A. T. and S. M. Wells. 1982. Coral reefs in the Philippines. ORYX 16:445-451. 1982 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fish; Landscape Conservation & Restoration
Newton, R. S. and A. Stefanon. 1982. Side-scan sonar and subbottom profiling in the northern Adriatic Sea. Marine Geology 46:279-306. 1982 Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Worms; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Finn, D. P. 1982. Soil loss in developing countries and its relationship to marine resources: examples from East Africa. in [No source information available]. 1982 Agriculture; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Deforestation & Devegetation; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fishing Sector; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Baird, A. V. and N. W. Ross. 1982. Field experiences with floating breakwaters in the eastern United States. US Army Corps of Engineers, Coastal Engineering Research Center, Miscellaneous Report. 1982 Field Study & Monitoring Coastal Engineering; Military; Shoreline Protection
Dasmann, R. F. 1982. The environmental impact of tourism. Pages 48-52 in The impact of tourism development in the Pacific. Conference papers, 1978. 1982 US Pacific & Hawaii Mangroves; Tourism & Recreation
Bakun, A., J. Beyer, D. Pauly, J. G. Pope, and G. D. Sharp. 1982. Ocean sciences in relation to living resources. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39:1059-1070. 1982 Climate; Fishing Sector
PARKER, J. H., P. M. J. WOODHEAD, I. W. DUEDALL, and H. R. CARLETON. 1982. Coal Waste Artificial Reef Program, Phase 4A. Electr Power Res Inst Coal Combus Syst Div Rep EPRI CS. 1982 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining; Fish; Substrate
Lees, A. and M. Hennebert. 1982. Carbonate rocks of the Knap Farm borehole at Cannington Park, Somerset. UK Institute of Geological Sciences, Report 82:18-36. 1982 Agriculture
Tilmant, J. T. and G. P. Schmahl. 1981. A comparative analysis of coral damage on recreationally used reefs within Biscayne National Park, Florida. Pages 187-192 in Proceedings of the Fourth International Coral Reef Symposium. 1981 Florida Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Tourism & Recreation
Goeden, G. B. 1981. A towed instrument package for fisheries research in great barrier reef waters. Fisheries Research 1:35-44. 1981 Australia Fishing Sector; Substrate
Karplus, I. and D. Algom. 1981. Visual cue for predator face recognition by reef fishes. Journal of Comparative Ethology 55:343-364. 1981 Fish; Fishing Sector
Pressley, P. H. 1981. Pair formation and joint territoriality in a simultaneous hermaphrodite: the coral reef fish Serranus tigrinus. Journal of Comparative Ethology 56:33-46. 1981 Fish; Fishing Sector
Gallaway, B. J. 1981. An ecosystem analysis of oil and gas development on the Texas- Louisiana continental shelf. in [No source information available]. 1981 Commercial Fisheries; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Ports & Harbors
Parker, J. H., P. M. J. Woodhead, and I. W. Duedall. 1981. Coal-waste artificial-reef program, phase 3. Volume 2: comprehensive report ( Long Island, Atlantic). in [No source information available]. 1981 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining
Leonard, J. E., B. Cameron, O. H. Pilkey, and G. M. Friedman. 1981. Evaluation of cold-water carbonates as a possible paleoclimatic indicator. Sedimentary Geology 28:28-Jan. 1981 Model; Index or Indicator Beaches & Nature Parks; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; Sediment
Keith, R. E. 1981. Loss of therapeutic copper in closed marine systems. Aquaculture 24:355-362. 1981 Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock
Mezaki, S. 1981. A review on the geomorphic changes of coral reefs. Transactions Japanese Geomorphological Union 2:125-130. 1981 Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Storms & Hurricanes
Bird, E. C. F. 1981. The beach erosion problem at Wewak, Papua New Guinea. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 2:14-Sep. 1981 Papua New Guinea Housing; Sediment
Goldstein, Alan. 1981. Upland Detention/Retention Demonstration Project. 1981 Florida Agriculture; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands
Brawley, S. H. and W. H. Adey. 1981. The effect of micrograzers on algal community structure in a coral reef microcosm. Marine Biology 61:167-177. 1981 Algae; Aquaculture; Fish
Wells, S. M. 1981. International trade in corals. International trade in corals. 1981 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan; Philippines; Taiwan; Caribbean; Europe Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Bouchon-Navaro, Y. 1981. Quantitative distribution of the Chaetodontidae on a reef of Moorea Island (French polynesia). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 55:145-157. 1981 Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Bricker, D. MI CH AE L. 1981. NORTH AMERICAN OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENTS: MICHIGAN. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists bulletin 65:1804-1808. 1981 Field Study & Monitoring Oil & Gas Industry
Bryceson, I. 1981. A review of some problems of tropical marine conservation with particular reference to the Tanzanian coast. Biological Conservation 20:163-171. 1981 Tanzania Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Davis, G. E. 1981. On the role of underwater parks and sanctuaries in the management of coastal resources in the southeastern United States. Environmental Conservation 8:67-70. 1981 Florida; US Virgin Islands Fishing Sector
Hayward, J. C., E. H. Rothfuss Jr., W. J. Flick, and J. M. Balestrino. 1981. Coal Waste Artificial Reef Program, Phase 3: Volume 3 - Engineering-Economic Evaluation Of Fixed Coal Waste Block Production And Disposal. Electric Power Research Institute, Coal Combustion Systems Division, (Report) EPRI CS 3. 1981 Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining
Parker, J. H., P. M. J. Woodhead, I. W. Duedall, and H. R. Carleton. 1981. Coal waste artificial reef program, phase 3. Volume 1: summary report. Electric Power Research Institute, Coal Combustion Systems Division, (Report) EPRI CS 1. 1981 Review; Lab Study Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining
El Shareef, A. R. 1980. Studies in the geography of Saudi Arabia ' Farasan Islands'. Journal - College of Arts, University of Riyadh 7:25-Jan. 1980 Saudi Arabia Schools & Colleges
Snyder, C. C. 1980. Hermaphroditism. Clinics in Plastic Surgery 7:179-196. 1980 Lab Study Algae; Snails & Conch
King, P. B. and S. A. Schumm. 1980. The physical geography ( geomorphology) of William Morris Davis. The physical geography ( geomorphology) of William Morris Davis. 1980
Courtenay Jr, W. R., B. C. Hartig, and G. R. Loisel. 1980. Ecological evaluation of a beach nourishment project at Hallandale ( Broward County), Florida. Volume I. Evaluation of fish populations adjacent to borrow areas of beach nourishment project, Hallandale (Broward County), Florida ( USA). Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Dept of Biological Sciences, Miscellaneous Report. 1980 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fish; Sediment; Substrate
Curtis Carroll, N. and H. Phillips Jeannette. 1980. Proposed Gray'S Reef Marine Sanctuary: A Case Study. Pages 1969-1978 in Proceedings of SOUTHEASTCON Region 3 Conference. 1980 Fishing Sector
Spadoni, RI CH AR D and TH OM AS Campbell. 1980. Coral Reef Protection During Beach Restoration In Florida. Pages 152-159 in Proceedings of SOUTHEASTCON Region 3 Conference. 1980 Florida Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Shoreline Armoring; Shoreline Protection
Catling, P. S. 1980. First New World tourist resort. Geographical Magazine 52:770-773. 1980 Bahamas Beaches & Nature Parks; Hotel & Food Services; Land & Air Transportation; Tourism & Recreation
Collins, R. J. 1980. Utilization of fluidized bed combustion wastes. Journal of Testing and Evaluation 8:259-264. 1980 Lab Study Artificial Habitat; Coal Mining
Kadota, K., M. Sasahira, and H. Hamada. 1980. A case of intracranial chordoma with a special reference to the findings in computed tomography. Neurological Surgery 8:173-179. 1980 Lab Study Medical Centers
Grove, L. and C. James. 1980. The journal of the Cambridge University Explorers' & Travellers' Club. Cambridge Expeditions Journal 0. 1980 South & Central America; Jamaica; Belize; Kenya GIS & Maps Agriculture; Algae
Hempel, L. 1980. (The development of sand- dune generation on shallow coasts. Observations on the North Sea Islands of Wangerooge and Spiekeroog) . [Zur Genese von Dunengenerationen an Flachkusten. Beobachtungen auf den Nordseeinseln Wangerooge und Spiekeroog.]. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 24:428-447. 1980 Beaches & Nature Parks; Storms & Hurricanes
Frasier, G. W., K. R. Cooley, and J. R. Griggs. 1979. Performance evaluation of water harvesting catchments. Journal of Range Management 32:453-456. 1979 Field Study & Monitoring Hotel & Food Services; Non-point Source Runoff
Back, W., B. B. Hanshaw, T. E. Pyle, L. N. Plummer, and A. E. Weidie. 1979. Geochemical significance of groundwater discharge and carbonate solution to the formation of Caleta Xel Ha, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Water Resources Research 15:1521-1535. 1979 South & Central America; Mexico Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Discharges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Spadoni, R. H. 1979. Reef monitoring of the Delray Beach Erosion Project. SHORE & BEACH 47:-12. 1979 Florida Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Sediment
Lawrence, R. J. 1979. Land use of a reef island: Tamana ( Gilbert Islands). Photo-Interpretation 2:16-Sep. 1979 Agriculture
Lesueur, P. and G. Vernette. 1979. (Sedimentological study of an erosional process on a ( coral bank) beach of the Cartagena Bay, Colombia). [Approche sedimentologique d'un probleme d'erosion de plage dans la baie de Cartagena (Colombie).]. Bulletin de l'Institut de Geologie du Bassin d'Aquitaine 26:53-68. 1979 Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment
Bagnis, R. A. 1979. Ciguatera Fish Poisoning In New Caledonia. Clinical And Epidemiological Aspects [L'Ichtyosarcotoxisme De Type Ciguatera En Nouvelle-Caledonie. Aspects Cliniques Et Epidemiologiques]. Revue d'Epidemiologie et de Sante Publique 27:17-29. 1979 New Caledonia Fish; Pathogens
Sheehy Daniel, J. 1979. Fisheries Development: Japan. Water Spectrum 12:9-Jan. 1979 Japan Artificial Habitat; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Echinoderms; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins
Conti, H., D. G. True, and M. Jansen. 1979. Design Of A Lighweight Portable Single Point Mooring System For U. S. Navy Amphibious Logistic Suport. Pages 131-153 in American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Ocean Engineering Division (Proceedings) OED. 1979 Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Defense; Military
Sleeter, T. D., J. N. Butler, and J. E. Barbash. 1979. Hydrocarbons in sediments from the edge of the Bermuda platform. Pages 615-620 in Proc 1979 oil spill conference (prevention, behavior, control, cleanup), Los Angeles, Cal. March 1979, (American Petroleum Institute, Washington DC, Publication 4308). 1979 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bermuda Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Petroleum Spills; Sediment
Hurme Arthur, K. 1979. Rubble-Mound Structures As Artificial Reefs. Pages 1042-1051 in [No source information available]. 1979 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Hildemann, W. H., C. H. Bigger, and I. S. Johnston. 1979. Histoincompatibility reactions and allogeneic polymorphism among invertebrates. Pages 1136-1142 in Transplantation Proceedings. 1979 Echinoderms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Holmes, R. E. 1979. Bone regeneration within a coralline hydroxyapatite implant. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 63:626-633. 1979 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sabitay, A. 1978. Status Of Hydrocarbon Exploration, Offshore Northeastern Australia And The Gulf Of Papua. APEA journal 18:77-82. 1978 Australia; Papua New Guinea Review Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment
Smith, S. V. 1978. Coral-reef area and the contributions of reefs to processes and resources of the world's oceans. Nature 273:225-226. 1978 Global Biocriteria; Fishing Sector
Vandenbossche, D. J. 1978. Artificial islands off the Belgian coast. in [No source information available]. 1978 Review Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks
Lighty, R. G., I. G. Macintyre, and R. Stuckenrath. 1978. Submerged early Holocene barrier reef south-east Florida shelf [10]. Nature 276:59-60. 1978 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Octocoral; Pipelines; Sponges; Stony Coral
Kenchington, R. A. 1978. The Crown-of-thorns crisis in Australia: A retrospective analysis. Environmental Conservation 5:20-Nov. 1978 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Cuba Review; Field Study & Monitoring Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Seastars
Swanson Gerald, C., L. Seymour John, and B. Ditton Robert. 1978. Alternative Perspective On Common Property Resource Allocation Decisions In The Coastal Zone. Coastal Zone Management Journal 4:25-45. 1978 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Wetlands
Stone, R. B. 1978. Artificial reefs. Water Spectrum 10:24-29. 1978 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Recreational Fishing
Goeden, G. B. 1978. A monograph of the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus Lacepede. Queensland Fisheries Service Research Bulletin 1. 1978 Australia Model Fish; Fishing Sector
Tausig, W. R. 1978. Nearshore trenching technology development. PORT HUENEME, U.S.A.,U.S. DEPT. NAVY, JUN. 1978. 1978 Review Coastal Defense; Military
Mushala, H. M. 1978. Coastal processes along Kunduchi beach ( Tamzania). Journal Geographical Association of Tanzania 17:41-73. 1978 Tanzania Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection
Bird, E. C. F. 1978. The nature and source of beach materials on the Australian coast. Pages 144-157 Landform evolution in Australasia. 1978 Australia Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level
Antonius, A. 1977. Coral mortality in reefs: a problem for science and management. Pages 617-624 in Proc. 3rd international coral reef symposium, Miami, 1977. Volume 2, geology. 1977 Field Study & Monitoring Hotel & Food Services; Marine Worms; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Saunders David, J. 1977. Coral 66: British High-Order Language For Real-Time Applications. Pages 1220-1226 in [No source information available]. 1977 Military
Chan Gordon, L. 1977. Five-Year Recruitment Of Marine Life After The 1971 San Francisco Oil Spill. Pages 543-545 in [No source information available]. 1977 Invertebrates; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills
Campbell, David G. 1977. Bahamian chlorine bleach fishing: a survey. Pages 593-5 in Proceedings of the 3rd Int Coral Reef Sym__:. 1977 Finfish Harvest
Baker, J. T. 1977. Management of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Pages 597-604 in Proc. 3rd international coral reef symposium, Miami, 1977, Volume 2, geology. 1977 Australia Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Recreational Fishing; Scientific Research; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation
DeWall, A. E. and J. J. Richter. 1977. Beach and neashore processes in southeastern Florida. in [No source information available]. 1977 Florida; Bahamas Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes
Pelensky, M. A. 1976. Corrosion At A Ballistic Missile Field Installation. in [No source information available]. 1976 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring
Kenchington, R. A. 1976. Acanthaster planci on the great barrier reef: Detailed surveys of four transects between 19° and 20°S. Biological Conservation 9:165-179. 1976 Australia; Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Seastars
Vadus, J. R. 1976. International Status And Utilization Of Undersea Vehicles. Pages 559-578 in [No source information available]. 1976 Fishing Sector; Oil & Gas Industry
Thomassin, B. A., M.-H. Vivier, and P. Vitiello. 1976. Distribution de la meiofaune et de la macrofaune des sables coralliens de la retenue d'eau epirecifale du grand recif de tulear (Madagascar). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 22:31-53. 1976 US Pacific & Hawaii; Bermuda; Madagascar Beaches & Nature Parks; Marine Worms; Sediment
[No author name available]. 1976. Propellant Anchors Used For Mooring. INT. DREDGING AND PORT CONSTRUCT., SERIES II 3. 1976 Lab Study Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Defense; Military; Water Depth & Sea Level
Novikov, A. A. and V. N. Mikhal'kova. 1976. Promising Direction Of Exploratory Work In Volgograd Region. [Perspektivnoe Napravlenie Poiskovykh Rabot V Volgogradskoi Oblasti.]. Geologia nefti i gaza 37-40. 1976 Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
Abele, L. G. 1976. Comparative species composition and relative abundance of decapod crustaceans in marine habitats of Panama. Marine Biology 38:263-278. 1976 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Panama; Caribbean Index or Indicator Beaches & Nature Parks; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Stony Coral
Kaufman, RA YM ON D. 1976. Ocean Engineering Capabilities And Requirements For The Offshore Mining Industry. Pages 49-62 in [No source information available]. 1976 Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Mining Policies; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation
Rahaman, M. M., M. M. Khan, and K. M. S. Aziz. 1975. An outbreak of dysentery caused by Shigella dysenteriae type 1 on a coral island in the Bay of Bengal. Journal of Infectious Diseases 132:15-19. 1975 Drinking Water Supply; Pathogens; Water Utilities Policies
Newton, R. S. and A. Stefanon. 1975. Application of side-scan sonar in marine biology. Marine Biology 31:287-291. 1975 GIS & Maps Commercial Fisheries; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fishing Sector; Sediment
Stone Richard, B. 1975. Scrap Tires And Fishery Resources. in [No source information available]. 1975 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates
Pretorius, D. A. 1975. Depositional Environment Of The Witwatersrand Goldfields: A Chronological Review Of Speculations And Observations. Miner Sci Eng 7:18-47. 1975 Review; Index or Indicator Mining; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Seymour John, L. 1975. Preliminary Legal Considerations In Developing Artificial Reefs. Coastal Zone Management Journal 2:149-169. 1975 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Construction Codes & Projects; Fish; Fishing Sector; Permitting & Zoning
Lubbock, H. R. and N. V. C. Polunin. 1975. Conservation and the tropical marine aquarium trade. Environmental Conservation 2:229-232. 1975 South & Central America; Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Kenya; Mauritius; Sri Lanka; Thailand; Saudi Arabia; Japan; Indonesia; Philippines; Taiwan; Caribbean; France; Germany Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Complex Habitat & Resources; Invasive Species
Chiroff, R. T., E. W. White, J. N. Weber, and D. M. Roy. 1975. Tissue ingrowth of Replamineform implants. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 9:29-45. 1975 Manufacturing & Trade; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Wiebe, W. J., R. E. Johannes, and K. L. Webb. 1975. Nitrogen fixation in a coral reef community. Science 188:257-259. 1975 Marshall Islands Agriculture; Nutrients
Molotlegi, GE OR GE. 1975. Mining In The Homelands. South African Mining and Engineering Journal 88:11-Oct. 1975 South Africa Agriculture; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining
White, E. W., J. N. Weber, and D. M. Roy. 1975. Replamineform porous biomaterials for hard tissue implant applications. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 9:23-27. 1975 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Lehmann, U. 1975. Über Nahrung und Ernahrungsweise von Ammoniten. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 49:187-195. 1975 Echinoderms; Fish
Roy, D. M. and S. K. Linnehan. 1974. Hydroxyapatite formed from coral skeletal carbonate by hydrothermal exchange. Nature 247:220-222. 1974 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Stone, R. B. and R. O. Parker Jr. 1974. Brief History Of Artificial Reef Research In The United States. in [No source information available]. 1974 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Nidiffer Kenneth, E., J. T. Webb, P. Bernhard, R. Bate Roger, K. L. Hunt, A. Tonkin, R. Malcolm, R. S. Newton, K. Jackson, H. R. Simpson, HE IN Z Knetsch, E. Loper Warren, S. Miller James, K. A. Helps, and N. J. F. Neve. 1974. Real Time Computer Based Systems. in AGARD Conf Proc. 1974 Field Study & Monitoring Military
Carlton, J. M. 1974. Land-building and stabilization by mangroves. Environmental Conservation 1:285-294. 1974 Florida Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Beach & Land Formation; Beaches & Nature Parks; Housing; Mangroves; Sediment; Shoreline Armoring; Substrate
McRae, M. E. 1974. Porphyria associated with diethylstilbestrol and methotrexate. Cutis 14:755-756. 1974 Pathogens
CROSBY, L. G. 1974. Design Of An Inter Island Barge Harbor For The Island Tau, American Samoa; Hydraulic Model Investigation. in [No source information available]. 1974 Samoa; American Samoa Model Irrigation; Ports & Harbors; Shoreline Protection; Solid Waste Disposal; Storms & Hurricanes
HUDDELL, H. D., J. C. WILLET, and G. MARCHAND. 1974. Nearshore Currents And Coral Reef Ecology Of The West Coast Of Guam, Mariana Islands. in [No source information available]. 1974 Guam Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Military; Sewage Treatment; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management Policies
Archer, A. A. 1974. Progress And Prospects Of Marine Mining. Mining Magazine 130:150-151. 1974 Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pipelines; Toxics
MASCH, F. D. and N. J. SHANKER. 1973. Circulation In Shallow Estuaries. in PROC. IAHR INT. SYMP. ON RIVER MECHANICS (BANGKOK, THAILAND). 1973 Thailand Model Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Mining; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Dugan, G. L. and R. H. F. Young. 1973. Effects of coastal water disposal in Hawaii. Pages 691-701 in J.ENVIRONM.ENGN DIV.PROC.ASCE. 1973 US Pacific & Hawaii Agriculture; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Permitting & Zoning; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Sediment
Bouma, A. H., G. L. Huebner, and B. W. Holliday. 1973. Environmental studies on sediment and reef surveys and dredge discharge distribution. in [No source information available]. 1973 Remote Sensing Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Forestry; Sediment
Hildemann, W. H. and A. L. Reddy. 1973. Phylogeny of immune responsiveness: marine invertebrates. Pages 2188-2194 in Federation Proceedings. 1973 Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Echinoderms; Octocoral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tunicates
Golikov, A. N. and O. A. Scarlato. 1973. Comparative characteristics of some ecosystems of the upper regions of the shelf in tropical, temperate and Arctic waters. Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 24:219-234. 1973 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Pacific Ocean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Munro, J. L., V. C. Gaut, R. Thompson, and P. H. Reeson. 1973. The spawning seasons of Caribbean reef fishes. Journal of Fish Biology 5:69-84. 1973 South & Central America; Caribbean Fish; Fishing Sector; Plankton
Smith, C. L. and J. C. Tyler. 1973. Direct observations of resource sharing in coral reef fish. Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 24:264-275. 1973 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Model Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish
Gundersen, K. and P. Bienfang. 1972. Thermal Pollution: Use Of Deep, Cold, Nutrient Rich Sea Water For Power Plant Cooling And Subsequent Aquaculture In Hawaii [Marine Pollution And Sea Life]. Pages 513-516 FISHING NEWS. 1972 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Light; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Nutrients; Primary Production; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges
Johannes, R. E. 1972. Coral Reefs And Pollution [Marine Pollution And Sea Life]. Pages 364-375 FISHING NEWS LTD., SURREY. 1972 Review Algae; Chemical Use Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management; Salinity; Seastars; Sediment; Waterborne Discharges
Bagnis, R. A. 1972. Ciguatera And Man'S Influence On The Coral Ecosystems Of French Polynesia [Ciguatera Et Intervention Humaine Sur Les Ecosystemes Coralliens En Polynesie Francaise]. Pages 597-618 FISHING NEWS LTD/SURREY. 1972 Finfish Harvest; Fish; Pathogens
Myrberg Jr., A. A. 1972. Ethology of the bicolor damselfish, Eupomacentrus partitus (Pisces: Pomacentridae): A comparative analysis of laboratory and field behaviour. Animal Behaviour 5. 1972 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Rate functions; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Housing; Small Herbivorous Fish
Hardy, J. T. and S. A. Hardy. 1972. Tidal circulation and sewage pollution in a tropical marine lagoon. Environmental Pollution 3:195-203. 1972 US Pacific & Hawaii; Palau Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Medical Centers
GERRITSEN, F. 1972. Hawaiian Beaches. in PROC. 13TH COASTAL ENGNG. CONF. (VANCOUVER). 1972 US Pacific & Hawaii Review; Field Study & Monitoring Beaches & Nature Parks; Tourism & Recreation
Colin, P. L. 1972. Daily activity patterns and effects of environmental conditions on the behavior of the yellowhead jawfish, Opistognathus aurifrons with notes on its ecology. ZOOLOGICA 57:137-169. 1972 Bahamas
Connell, D. W. 1971. The great barrier reef conservation issue-A case history. Biological Conservation 3:249-254. 1971 Australia Oil & Gas Industry; Political Pressure; Seastars
Feuillee, P. 1971. Les calcaires biogeniques de l'Albien et du Cenomanien pyreneo-cantabrique: Problemes d'environnement sedimentaire. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 9:277-311. 1971 Oman Model Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment
Pfannenstiel, M. 1970. Das Meer in der Geschichte der Geologie. Geologische Rundschau 60:Mar-72. 1970 Oman Field Study & Monitoring Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Military; Salinity; Sediment
JULYAN, GD. 1970. Footwell raising on President Steyn Cold Mine, using the Geiger Counter. Pages 169-176 Ass Mine Managers of South Africa, Pap and Discussions. 1970 South Africa Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining Policies; Waste Management Policies
WISLON, JW and RC MORE-O'FERRALL. 1970. Application of the electrical resistance analogue to mining operations. Pages 209-280 Ass Mine Managers of South Africa, Pap and Discussions. 1970 South Africa Model Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining
Kaufmann, R. and K.-J. Gotting. 1970. Prosobranchia from the littoral of the Caribbean coast of Colombia [Prosobranchia aus dem Litoral der karibischen Kuste Kolumbiens]. Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 21:333-398. 1970 South & Central America; Caribbean Beaches & Nature Parks
Peres, J. M. and J. Picard. 1969. Reflexions sur la structure trophique des edifices recifaux. Marine Biology 3:227-232. 1969 Madagascar Algae; Fish; Plankton; Primary Production
Yarnall, J. L. 1969. Aspects of the behaviour of Octopus cyanea gray. Animal Behaviour 17:747-754. 1969 US Pacific & Hawaii Housing; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid
Levins, R. 1969. Some demographic and genetic consequences of environmental heterogeneity for biological control. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America 15:237-240. 1969 Fishing Sector
Wilson, R. C. L. 1968. Upper Oxfordian palaeogeography of southern England. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 4:28-May. 1968 England Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Sediment
Howe, E. D. and B. W. Tleimat. 1967. Solar distillers for use on coral islands. Desalination 2:109-115. 1967 Housing
Scheer, G. 1967. Über die methodik der untersuchung von korallenriffen. Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere 60:105-114. 1967 South & Central America; Indian Ocean; India; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism
Morgans, J. F. C. 1962. Ecological aspects of demersal tropical fishes off East Africa. Nature 193:86-87. 1962 Kenya Fishing Sector
Odum, H. T. and E. P. Odum. 1955. Trophic structure and productivity of a windward coral reef community on Eniwetok Atoll. Ecological Monographs 25:291-320. 1955
[No author name available]. 1856. Hospital For Consumption And Diseases Of The Chest, Brompton. Chronic Bronchitis, With Suspicion Of Phthisis; Expectoration Of Small Masses, Compared To Bits Of Coral From Their Hardness, Probably Composed Of Choles Terine. (Under The Care Of Dr. Edward S. The Lancet 68:677-678. 1856 Medical Centers; Pathogens
Lewis, S. E., J. E. Brodie, Z. T. Bainbridge, K. W. Rohde, A. M. Davis, B. L. Masters, M. Maughan, M. J. Devlin, J. F. Mueller, and B. Schaffelke. Herbicides: A new threat to the Great Barrier Reef. Environmental Pollution Australia Agriculture; Climate; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Guillemot, N., M. Leopold, M. Cuif, and P. Chabanet. Characterization and management of informal fisheries confronted with socio-economic changes in New Caledonia (South Pacific). Fisheries Research US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia Cultural Policies; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Recreational Fishing; Small Herbivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Thompson, J. H. and T. J. Bright. Pages 1044-1078 in Effects of an offshore drilling fluid on slected corals. Oil & Gas Industry; Sediment; Stony Coral
Packett, R., C. Dougall, K. Rohde, and R. Noble. Agricultural lands are hot-spots for annual runoff polluting the southern Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin Australia Agriculture; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow
O'Garra, T. ESTIMATING THE TOTAL ECONOMIC VALUE (TEV) OF THE NAVAKAVU LMMA (Locally Managed Marine Area) in Vitu Levu island (Fiji). Coral Reef Initiatives for the Pacific. US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Fiji Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Monetary Valuation; Shoreline Protection; Special Use Permitting; Valuation
Environment Protection Authority. EPA Guidelines for Environmental management of on-site remediation. Environment Protection Authority, Adelaide, Australia. Remediation; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Morelock, J. and J. V. A. Trumbull. Puerto Rico. in [No source information available]. Puerto Rico Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves
Clark, M. R. and A. A. Rowden. Effect of deepwater trawling on the macro-invertebrate assemblages of seamounts on the Chatham Rise, New Zealand. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Commercial Fisheries; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Stony Coral; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Peddicord, R. K. Impacts of open-water dredged material discharge. in [No source information available]. Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Military; Nutrients
Schwartz, M. L. Caribbean Colombia. in [No source information available]. South & Central America; Caribbean Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves
Folmer, F., M. Jaspars, G. Solano, S. Cristofanon, E. Henry, J. Tabudravu, K. Black, D. H. Green, F. C. Kupper, W. Aalbersberg, K. Feussner, M. Dicato, and M. Diederich. The inhibition of TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation by marine natural products. Biochemical Pharmacology. Oman; Fiji Echinoderms; Octocoral; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Environmental Protection Agency. ENERGY STAR and Other Climate Protection Partnerships. 2009 Annual Report. US EPA. Global Climate; Energy Policy & Development; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Housing
Medley, P. 9. ParFish - Participatory Fisheries stock assessment. Stock Assessment for Fishery Management A Framework Guide to the Stock Assessment Tools of the Fisheries Management Science Programme FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No.487. Food and Agriculture Organization. Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
Santos, R. S., S. Christiansen, B. Christiansen, and S. Gubbay. Toward the conservation and management of Sedlo Seamount: A case study. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Review Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Special Use Permitting
Wu, H. J., C. L. Abernethy, N. V. Lawson, Junn-Ling Chao, G. W. Montgomerie, P. E. Dexter, A. W. Smith, A. H. Lucas, P. G. Anderson, D. N. Foster, A. D. Gordon, R. A. Grace, and P. V. Hennessy. Engineering Dynamics Of The Coastal Zone. in [No source information available]. US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Pipelines
Anon,. Colloque International Sur L'Exploitation Des Oceans, 2Nd, 1974, Volume 1: Politiques De Developpement Oceanique, Volume 2: Mise En Valeur Industrielle Des Plateaux Continentaux, Volume 3: Systemes Des Mesures Pour L'Analyse Et La Prevision De L'Environne. in [No source information available]. Index or Indicator; Remote Sensing Artificial Habitat; Coastal Development; Fishing Sector; Microorganisms; Pipelines; Salinity; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Leeworthy, V. R., P. C. Wiley, and J. D. Hospital. Importance-satisfaction ratings five-year comparison, SPA & ER use, and socioeconomic and ecological monitoring comparison of results 1995-96 to 2000-01. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. Florida Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Tourism & Recreation
Bird, E. C. F. Southern Arabia. in [No source information available]. Indian Ocean; India; Oman Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Imrie, J. A. and M. P. Rogers. Boat harbour construction in coral reef flat - Nuku'Alofa, Tonga. Pages 219-222 in IN: SECOND AUSTRALASIAN PORT, HARBOUR & OFFSHORE ENGNG. CONF. 1988, PREPRINT OF PAPERS, (BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA: OCT. 25-27, 198. Australia; Fiji; Tonga Finfish Harvest; Ports & Harbors; Shoreline Protection; Small Boats
Deane, C. A. W. Lesser Antilles: Virgin Islands to Trinidad. in [No source information available]. US Virgin Islands; Antilles; Trinidad Beaches & Nature Parks
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO Yearbooks 1996 to 2005, Fishery Statistics, Commodities Volumes 83-97. Rome. Fishing Sector
Barthelemy, D. Chapter 37: Progress in sexual coral reproduction at Oceanopolis. Pages 339-346 in Leewis, R. J., and M. Janse, editors. Advances in Coral Husbandry in Public Aquariums. Public Aquarium Husbandry Series. Vol 2. Burgers' Zoo, Arnhem, the Netherlands. Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Stony Coral
Cook, S. E., K. W. Conway, and B. Burd. Status of the glass sponge reefs in the Georgia Basin. Marine Environmental Research Columbia GIS & Maps Finfish Harvest; Fish; Sediment; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Fava, F., M. Ponti, A. Scinto, B. Calcinai, and C. Cerrano. Possible effects of human impacts on epibenthic communities and coral rubble features in the marine Park of Bunaken (Indonesia). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Housing; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Jalal, K. F. Regional water resources situation: quantitative and qualitative aspects. in [No source information available]. Drinking Water Supply; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Williams, K. C. A review of feeding practices and nutritional requirements of postlarval groupers. Aquaculture US Pacific & Hawaii Review Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Live Collection; Piscivorous Fish
Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement. POSTMINING LAND USE: Exceptions to Approximate Original Contour Requirements for Mountaintop Removal Operations and steep Slope Mining Operations. Washington, DC. Mining; Mining Policies; Special Use Permitting
Venn, A. A., J. Quinn, R. Jones, and A. Bodnar. P-glycoprotein (multi-xenobiotic resistance) and heat shock protein gene expression in the reef coral Montastraea franksi in response to environmental toxicants. Aquatic Toxicology Global Algae; Stony Coral; Substrate
Liu, P.-J., K.-T. Shao, R.-Q. Jan, T.-Y. Fan, S.-L. Wong, J.-S. Hwang, J.-P. Chen, C.-C. Chen, and H.-J. Lin. A trophic model of fringing coral reefs in Nanwan Bay, southern Taiwan suggests overfishing. Marine Environmental Research Taiwan Model Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish
Thacker, C. E. and D. M. Roje. Phylogeny of cardinalfishes (Teleostei: Gobiiformes: Apogonidae) and the evolution of visceral bioluminescence. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Housing; Microorganisms

Management Options

Management Option Description Sources Database Topics
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Promote Interagency Collaboration in Policy Making The administrative office communicates with organizations and agencies involved in resource impacts or regulation to determine potential effects of Sanctuary management interest, to help develop policy statements, and to consult with affected agencies regarding sanctuary related policies. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

US EPA. EPA Retention/Detention. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Decision Support; Education & Information; Public Administration; Security & Public Administration Policies
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Develop Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Develop and maintain standard operating procedures based on federal, state and agency directives and regulation in order to provide staff and programs with consistent and clear direction. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Decision Support; Public Administration; Scientific Research; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Collaboratively Evaluate Management Plan Joint Actions As the NMSP continues to increase the rigor of its self-evaluation, the program would like to increase the frequency with which partners formally join with the local sanctuary in assessing the effectiveness of the joint-management actions. Each quarter, sanctuary staff should facilitate collaborative evaluation of one action plan within the management plan. In result, systematic rotation through the actions plans will be completed every few years. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Decision Support; Education & Information; Public Administration; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Provide Policy Information to the Public Communicate valid and emerging resource concerns to the general public. This can be accomplished through (#106), (#), or (#). NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Broadcasting, Publishing, & Libraries; Cultural Policies; Culture; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Infrastructure; Internet & Telecommunications; Responses; Schools & Colleges; Scientific Research; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Socio-Economic Drivers; Utilities
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Continued Staff Training It is important that staff be properly educated and trained to perform their designated tasks, but it is equally important to keep staff familiar with applicable agency directive and regulation through training and communication. Some strategies for this include information technology-based reference and guidance, regularly scheduled meetings (#210), and through in-service trainings. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Beaches & Nature Parks; Collaboration & Partnering; Decision Support; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Marine Protected Areas; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites; Public Administration; Security & Public Administration Policies; Tourism & Recreation; Travel Services & Tour Operators
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Conduct Staff Meetings Several types of staff meetings should be regularly scheduled to fulfill a variety of purposes. Management meetings are necessary to address administrative policy matters. Internal staff meetings should be conducted to ensure necessary information is communicated among staff as to any changes, concerns, or developments. Meetings are an opportunity to review the sanctuary management plan (#213) and standard operating procedures (#208). External collaborators should be involved in meetings when an issue is being discussed that the collaborator is involved in, such as when standard operating procedures are being developed across agencies. Meetings can also be used as important staff training sessions. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Beaches & Nature Parks; Collaboration & Partnering; Decision Support; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Marine Protected Areas; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites; Public Administration; Security & Public Administration Policies; Travel Services & Tour Operators
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Participate in Technical Advisory Committees The technical advisory committee can meet once or twice a year with reef managers to help develop agendas on the design and prioritization of water quality and ecological research and monitoring. This provides managers the opportunity to list research/monitoring priorities to federal, state, and local government entities. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Chemical Variables; Collaboration & Partnering; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Physical Variables; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Scientific Research; Security & Public Administration Policies
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Participate in Science Community Networking It can be advantageous to actively participating in science-related committees, review panels, and other groups that collaborate on science issues relating to coral reefs, resource management, and other topics. This management option ensures that the local sanctuary is considered in regional planning, that there is broad-based recognition of scientific findings concerning the sanctuary, and that sanctuary expertise is shared with partners. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Culture; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Public Administration; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies; Social Organizations
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Integrate Volunteer Assistance in Cultural Resources Inventory Marine Heritage Resource managers should continue or begin to use volunteers to assist staff in collecting information, locating unrecorded sites, recording and documenting sites, assessing site significance, and developing sites for improved public access, interpretation, and protection. Often locals have interest and knowledge of unrecorded sites. If previously established, the management option (#165), will allow this data to be combined with data from other inventory management options such as (#81), and future integration into larger databases, such as that in the management option (#85). NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Educational & Research Opportunities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Security & Public Administration Policies
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Assess and Evaluate Sanctuary Management Plan Implementation This assessment should be conducted internally by sanctuary staff on an annual basis. It is important to revisit the sanctuaries management plan every year, to consider the progress and effectiveness of activities implemented over the previous year. Monitoring and research can also provide information that was unavailable when the management plan was first written. Performance evaluations should be performed routinely and be based on consistent measures. These evaluations can also be used to populate NMSP Report Cards and other performance requirements. This new knowledge and experience can be integrated into the plan and its implementation, in a type of adaptive management (#275). Accomplishments, changes and targets should all be discerned for the year to come. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Public Administration; Scientific Research; Security & Public Administration Policies
Administrative & Interagency Policy: Interagency Sharing of Information This management option is designed to facilitate coordination among federal, state, and local agencies involved in management. Easier collaboration and sharing of information can often be facilitated by decision tools and information technology. There are several activities that can aid better interagency coordination of maritime heritage resources (MHR). NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Internet & Telecommunications; Resource Use Management; Responses; Security & Public Administration Policies
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Bivalve Aquaculture Biofouling Control These management options reduce, clean or remove biofouling organisms and other waste from bivalve production areas while minimizing environmental risk. Aquaculture shellfish production requires adequate food availability and water of dependable quantity and quality. Aquaculture operations and gear must have a minimal adverse impact on the surrounding water, plant, animal and human resources. Biofouling is detrimental to shellfish production, increasing exposure to pathogens, reducing the available food stuffs, and increasing organic loading. Only environmentally appropriate biofoul control methods should be used, and fouling organisms and algae should be disposed of appropriately to avoid local degradation. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. Conservation Practice Standard: Bivalve Aquaculture Gear and Biofouling Control. CODE 400, USDA.

Algae; Aquaculture; Arthropods; Artificial Habitat; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Chemical Variables; Discharge Limitations; Domestic Animal Waste; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Improved Technology; Invertebrate Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Octopus & Squid; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Snails & Conch; Supplemental Feeding
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Contour Farming Contour Farming involves sloping land in such a way that field preparation, planting and cultivating are done on the contour. This includes following established grades of terraces or diversions. During heavy rains the crop rows formed slow water runoff reducing erosion and water runoff of non-point source pollutants such as agricultural herbicides and fertilizers. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Discharge Limitations; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Landscape Changes; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Composting Composting involves the controlled aerobic decomposition of manure or other organic material by micro-organisms into a biologically stable organic material that is suitable for use as a soil supplement. Composting should be part of nutrient management plans because it reduces the pollution potential of organic wastes. Smaller scale household composting may reduce the amount of material that enters the waste stream, where again it may have greater pollution potential. Larger volumes of material may require construction of containment facilities to ensure pollutants aren't able to enter runoff water in high concentrations. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Landscaping & Household Services; Littering; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Fertilizer Application Management This agricultural best management practice involves the development, implementation and periodic update of nutrient management plans. Nutrient management plans are used to efficiently apply nutrients at appropriate rates so as to still achieve desired crop yields. There are several important measures and considerations that must be taken before developing the nutrient plan. Farm and field maps, yield expectations, nutrient resources, and geologic field limitations are all important. Some crops fix nitrogen, such as legumes, and have a nitrogen credit that must be factored. Field limitations include shallow aquifers, nearby surface water, sinkholes, and highly erodible soils. If the nutrients to be applied aren�t commercial they must be assessed to determine the nutrient value and the rate of availability of the nutrients. The nutrient plan�s timing and application methods should use the limiting nutrient concept and avoid applications to frozen soil and during periods of leaching or runoff. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Jokela, Bill, Peter Kleinman, John Peters, and Ann Wolf,. 2011. Manure Spreader Calibration & Manure Testing.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharge Limitations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Landscape Changes; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Waterborne Discharges
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Livestock Waste Storage and Utilization Confined animal facilities often produce large amounts of animal waste. This waste can be stored and disposed of in a variety of ways, and it is important to consider how rainwater may carry these wastes in groundwater. Wastes can be kept in temporary storage ponds, storage structures, or treatment lagoons. Once composted, these wastes may be applied to agricultural land in an environmentally acceptable manner in place of other fertilizers. Site selection, timing of application and rate of application must be properly managed to reduce the potential for degradation of ground water. Additionally, this practice may increase microbial action in the soil surface, which helps keep pesticides and other pollutants in place. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Food & Raw Materials; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Waterborne Discharges
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Change Agricultural Cover Crop Practices Cover crop outreach entails changing agricultural practices in an area to leave vegetation and cover on the soil while growing other crops (e.g. Coffee). Agricultural practices that encourage leaving soil bare are extremely susceptible to erosion (e.g. sun grown Coffee). Cover crop methods and shade-grown crops (e.g. shade-grown Coffee) would reduce the large amount of sediment that is eroding, particularly from high elevations, and ultimately will reduce the amount of sediment that reaches the coral reefs. Options to encourage transition to cover crop practices include outreach to raise awareness of benefits and cost share programs to help farmers with the burden of the extra expense. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2010. Conservation Cover. CODE 327. US Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Environmental Education & Outreach; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Funding & Donations; Landscape Changes; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Responses; Sediment
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Hydroseeding High Risk Soils Hydroseeding is a process that creates a slurry of seeds, water, and mulch. This slurry can be applied with the use of trucks, trailers, and even aircrafts. This method is particularly useful because it promotes quick germination and reduces erosion. It is especially beneficial to use this method where there is a vastness of bare soil due to clearing vegetation for roads, homes, and farming. Higher elevations are typically steeper and often experience heavy rainfall, and ultimately an extreme amount of erosion occurs if soil is bare. Erosion from the highlands can fill the reservoirs in the drainage basin with sediment. Using hydroseeding would increase vegetation and ultimately the stabilization of the soil. Also, increased vegetation through hydroseeding would help with infiltration rates because the roots would aerate the soil. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 1999. Temporary Seeding. NRCS Planning and Design Manual. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Mining; Mining Policies; Reef Life; Sediment
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Sodic Soil Management In coastal agriculture it is important to manage and reduce accumulations of salts on the soil surface and down to the crop rooting depth. Saline seep often occurs in crop areas where the water table is very shallow. Irrigation management or drainage improvements may be necessary. Another option may be subsoiling, where internal soil drainage is restricted by layers of contrasting permeability and soil moisture levels are low enough to allow shattering and mixing of soil layers. Vegetative measures include planting deep rooted crops such as wheatgrass and alfalfa. Soil amendments can be used to treat sodium, displacing it with calcium depending on the specific chemistry of the soil. Though crop yield does not directly impact coral reefs, ground water restoration projects may change the raise the water table, making sodic soil management important. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Coastal Development; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Food & Raw Materials; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Waterspreading This management option uses a system of dams, dikes, ditches, or other means of diverting or collecting runoff from natural channels, gullies, or streams and spreading it over relatively flat areas. Waterspreading differs from irrigation in that applications are timed by the availability of natural runoff flow rather than scheduled to meet plant needs. Waterspreading is most beneficial in areas with an average annual precipitation of 8 to 25 inches. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Landuse Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Water Resources
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Pond Sealing Waste treatment ponds and pits are useful methods of treatment, but premature seepage from these storage impoundments would also have negative impacts. Bentonite Liner Treatment, Compacted Clay Treatment, Flexible membrane, and Soil Dispersant Treatment are all options for sealing treatment impoundments, depending on the specific soil suitability and other criteria. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Remediation; Sewage Treatment; Supporting Services; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Phase Out Unwanted Subsidies Subsidies are often offered to promote certain types of growth and development. At a later time, with changing priorities, it may be determined that these types of growth and development are no longer optimal. For example, sun grown coffee, was subsidized in Guancia Bay, PR, as it was expected to have higher future market demand. However, it requires clearing large tracts of land on steep, extremely erodible clay soils. This leads to high volumes of erosion because there is no vegetation to anchor the soil in place. Now these subsidies are promoting sun grown coffee even though shade grown is better for the land and reefs because it reduces erosion, extreme runoff, and adds vegetation to the land. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Banks, Credit, & Securities; City Planning; Corporate Responses; Decision Support; Economic Markets & Policies; Finance & Insurance; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Funding & Incentives; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Landuse Management; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Grazing Land Management This management option protects range, pasture and other types of grazing lands for agricultural animals. Special actions should be taken to protect sensitive areas such as streams, wetlands and estuaries if livestock is to have access to these areas. Grazing management practices can be categorized into four types, vegetative stabilization, grazing management systems, access limitations and alternative water supplies. Vegetative stabilization involves reestablishing the vegetative cover on ranges after it has been removed by grazing to reduce erosion rates. Grazing management systems typically reduce the time livestock spend in each pasture to increase the quantity and quality of vegetation in those pastures. Grazing frequency, timing, duration, area allocation, and livestock distribution kind, class, distribution and stocking rates should all be considered in the management system to ensure adequate pasture rehabilitation. Access limitations, such as fencing and stream crossings are used to herd and control livestock movement. Physical disturbance from livestock can increase erosion, so crossings and watering access points should be hardened. Alternative water supplies are an alternative to more sensitive water sources that may be vulnerable to erosion and discharges from grazing areas. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Sediment; Waterborne Discharges
Chemical Discharge Controls: Research impacts and alternatives This plan involves researching the impacts of current spraying practices on sanctuary resources and indentifying alternative means of mosquito control. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Infrastructure; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Pressures; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Socio-Economic Drivers; Utilities; Water
Chemical Discharge Controls: Integrated pest Management Modify mosquito control programs/regulations The results of pesticide research program can be used to modify the existing mosquito control program as necessary. (312) NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Infrastructure; Non-point Source Controls; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Pressures; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Socio-Economic Drivers; Utilities; Water
Conducting Socioeconomic Research: Support science of socioeconomic analysis of marine protected areas Little is known about applied socioeconomic analysis to marine protected areas. Funding support will be provided for scientists to meet and share information on this subject. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Contact Uses; Economic Markets & Policies; Funding & Incentives; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Marine Protected Areas; Pressures; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies; Socio-Economic Drivers
Corporate Response: Invest & Co-finance Projects Investing and co-financing projects that aim to conserve or restore habitats can be an effective means to preserving reef habitats as well as establishing positive working relationships between organizations. Investing in private sector projects will promote desired businesses and business practices, reducing barriers to entry and competitiveness as compared to traditional businesses and business practices to counterbalance advantages from undesired externalities. World Bank Group. 2008. Biodiversity, Climate Change, and Adaptation. Nature based solutions from the world bank portfolio. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Washington, DC.

Aquarium Stock; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biomedical Research Policies; Collaboration & Partnering; Corporate Responses; Economic Markets & Policies; Finance & Insurance; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Food & Raw Materials; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Manufacturing & Trade; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Marine Products; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Corporate Response: Develop Outreach with Local Businesses Information should be provided to business along the water so that employees will be aware of environmentally sensitive business practices. This can be achieved through informative brochures, and distributing other educational materials. These interactions can also be used to inform businesses of opportunities for voluntary certifications (#104). NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) the Tour Opperators' Iniative (TOI) and The Center for Environmental Leadership in Business (CELB). 2003. A Practical Guide to Good Practice: Managing Environmental Impacts In The Marine Recreation Sector.

Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Corporate Responses; Cultural Policies; Entertainment & Accommodation Services; Environmental Education & Outreach; Golf Course Operations; Hotel & Food Services; Infrastructural Policies; Manufacturing & Trade; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Corporate Response: Standardized Environmental Certifications and Labels Product labeling initiatives are based on the premise that product information represented by or contained on the label is otherwise not readily available (or apparent) and is of value in consumer purchase decisions. For example, warning labels highlight product safety and toxic exposure hazards and advise consumers on ways to minimize risks. Likewise, a number of environmental certification programs (ECPs) identify products' environmental burdens and/or set standards for products' environmental attributes. Properly designed environmental labeling efforts can change consumer and manufacturer attitudes and behaviors, thus reducing environmental burdens. The specific metrics used to measure environmental label effectiveness include: 1) consumer awareness of labels, 2) consumer acceptance of labels (credibility and understanding), 3) changes in consumer behavior, 4) changes in manufacturer behavior, and 5) improvement of end goals, such as environmental quality. Malcohn, E., Bentham Paulos, Andrew Stoeckle, Herbert Han-Pu Wang, and Julie Lynch. Determinants of Effectiveness for Environmental Certification and Labeling Programs. EPA-742-R-94-001, US EPA, Washington, DC.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Climate; CO2; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Corporate Responses; Economic Markets & Policies; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Forestry; Health; Manufacturing & Trade; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Marine Birds; Medical Care; Medical Centers; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Resource Use Management; Toxics; Transportation; Utilities; Whales & Dolphins; Wholesale & Retail Trade; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Damage Assessment, Documentation & Response: Assist Direct Contact & Intervention Programs Programs such as Team OCEAN and Professional Guides Association should be assisted by existing protected areas and sanctuaries. These already-existing programs can be assisted through providing technical support, data, advice, vessels, and/or equipment. Assisting pre-existing programs is useful because it helps to strengthen and expand their missions, and it also prevents unnecessary duplication of efforts. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Education & Outreach; Funding & Incentives; Resource Use Management; Responses; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies
Damage Assessment, Documentation & Response: Collaborate with Towing & Salvage Operators in Grounding Notification This option advocates the establishment of rapport between local operators and regulatory agencies. This is achieved through regular meetings and training sessions to emphasize the importance of operator cooperation in regards to vessel groundings. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Activities; Coastal Defense; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fishing Boats; Cruise Ships; Cultural Policies; Environmental Education & Outreach; Large Ships; Military; Oil & Gas Tankers; Physical Damage; Security & Public Administration Policies; Small Boats; Transportation; Transportation Policies; Water Transportation
Damage Assessment, Documentation & Response: Monitor & Respond to Damages From Fishing Gear When a habitat is damaged or an injury occurs to natural resources as a result of fishing gear, it is beneficial to respond and assess. Responding appropriately is likely to involve other management options such as #91 if the injury was due to a violation. It is important to assess the damage and gather information as to why the injury occurred, so as to be able to find alternative fishing gear or practices that are less likely to cause such damages, for research such as #42. There should be protocols and methodologies for collecting damage assessment data to ensure it can be added to information systems such as #76 to track recovery, especially if repairing or restorative actions are taken. Standardized methods are also important when sharing this information with state and federal fisheries management (#64). NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Artisanal Fishing; Boating Activities; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Dredging Regulations; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Physical Damage; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Damage Assessment, Documentation & Response: Coordinated Oil & Hazardous Spill Response This management option calls for developing unified response protocols to deal with containment and clean-up of oil spills. This is important to protect corals, mangroves, and seagrasses from adverse impacts of hazardous materials. Given the limited number of spills and the importance of responding quickly, interagency coordination of reporting and response is essential for success. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Puerto Rico and USVI Area Planning Committees. 2008. Hazardous Substances Pollution Area Contingency Plan. Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin islands.

Collaboration & Partnering; Decision Support; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Energy Policy & Development; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Large Ships; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Point Source Discharges; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Security & Public Administration Policies; Small Boats; Toxics; Transportation; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges
Damage Assessment, Documentation & Response: Respond to Natural Resource Injuries form Derelict Vessels Semi- permanent/permanent vessels can have a negative impact on the surrounding local environment both due to the effects of shade and from the direct contact with the substrate. Sunken vessels that cannot be seen from the surface may present a danger to navigation. Derelict vessels that do not remain stationary may cause harm in multiple locations before becoming stationary. If fishing gear is still intact, it may cause further biological damage through "ghost fishing� (#283). Early response, creating mooring fields, pump-out stations, and providing support for removing derelict vessels, reduces the impact of these vessels. Also, the removal of intrusive vessels will help contribute to the restoration of reef areas to previous conditions. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Artificial Habitat; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Coastal Defense; Commercial Fishing Boats; Coral; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Large Ships; Marine Debris; Military; Physical Damage; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Small Boats; Stony Coral; Substrate; Transportation Policies; Water Depth & Sea Level; Water Transportation; Wetlands
Damage Assessment, Documentation & Response: Respond to Natural Resource Injuries from Large Vessel Achoring Damage from freighter anchor is extreme due to the mere weight and size of the anchor and chain. The chain can even be more damaging as it drags along the benthic environment leaving behind catastrophic ruin. This management response would encourage the creation of restoration and monitoring methodologies in shallow reef areas as well as at greater depths. If unacceptable damages are occurring restrictions and regulations prohibiting the use of anchors in high risk areas should be instituted. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collier, C., Dodge, R., Gilliiam, Gracie, K., Gregg, L., Jaap, W., Mastry, M., and Poulos, N. 2007. Rapid Response and Restoration for coral reef injuries in the southeest Florida. Southeast Florida Coral Reef Initiative.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Cruise Ships; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Large Ships; Physical Damage; Resource Use Management; Transportation; Water Depth & Sea Level; Water Resources; Water Transportation; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Data Management & Decision Tools: Conduct a Modeling Workshop Conducting a workshop can be useful to discuss modeling approaches, develop preliminary conceptual models, and define specific information needs for models. There are decision tools to choose from other than traditional models, and many different modeling approached to choose from, making this type of workshop both an outreach effort, and an effort to collaborate. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Broadcasting, Publishing, & Libraries; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Culture; Decision Support; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Physical & Chemical Environment; Reef Life; Scientific Research; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Socio-Economic Drivers
Data Management & Decision Tools: Research and Model Causal Linkage Between Pollutants and Ecological Impact This involves conducting research to identify and document causal linkages between discharge water pollutants and specific, quantifiable ecological problems. The natural environment naturally assimilates some pollutants, but has thresholds for this type of contaminant processing. Different hydrology, biology and spatial/temporal factors are all going to play a roll in the linkage between pollutants and ecological problems, meaning modeling and risk assessment can be beneficial. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Applied Chemicals; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Chemical Variables; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Petroleum Spills; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Reef Inhabitants; Regulating Services; Sewage Treatment; Stormwater Management; Sunscreen Use; Supporting Services; Toxics; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands
Data Management & Decision Tools: Develop a Modeling Plan This would involve developing an overall plan for new predictive models focused on management needs. The plan will include discussion of preliminary conceptual models, data needs, data gathering, and model development and refinement. Models may incorporate both abiotic and biotic environmental factors. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Decision Support; Physical & Chemical Environment; Public Administration; Reef Life; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies; Socio-Economic Drivers
Develop & Distribute Educational Materials: Print Marine Etiquette on Marine-Related Products Packaging Printing information on marine-related products regarding proper marine etiquette could be a possibility for raising awareness and improving public stewardship. Partnerships will be explored to help print etiquette information on materials such as bait boxes, ice bags, water buckets, etc. that are commonly used by stakeholders. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Corporate Responses; Environmental Education & Outreach; Littering; Manufacturing & Trade; Marine Debris; Recreational Fishing; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Develop & Distribute Educational Materials: Develop and Maintain Sanctuary Website Marine sanctuary areas can create a website as an educational tool, providing information regarding new issues, educational resources, volunteer opportunities, and current initiatives such as research, restoration projects, or policy changes. If a website is already in use, it should be maintained and updated with new information, resources, and technologies to enhance effectiveness and visitation. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Decision Support; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Internet & Telecommunications
Develop & Distribute Educational Materials: Develop Interactive Interpretive Exhibits Interpretive exhibits combine an array of information types (pictures, sounds, interactive activities etc.) in an easy to understand, relevant way to visitors. On-water and on-land interpretive exhibits for maritime heritage resources and sanctuaries are helpful at increasing public knowledge/awareness of reefs. Interpretive exhibits can be established near the site of the resource (#126), in permanent (#131) or used as a traveling tool for (#127), and (#130). Such exhibits are beneficial as they allow for schools, the community, and tourists see resources first-hand and learn why they are important, at their leisure and without requiring a staff member to present the information. Expanding already-created exhibits is important to continue to draw in crowds and to continue to add/increase public knowledge and stewardship. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Washburne, R. and Wagar, J. 2010. Evaluating Visitor Response to Exhibit Content. Curator: The Museum Journal 15:248-256.

Veverka, J. The Key to Successful Heritage Tourism Marketing Planning and Program Design. Interpretive Communication Accessed 7/7/2011.

Decision Support; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Tourism & Recreation
Develop & Distribute Educational Materials: Develop Wayside Exhibits/Signs Creating wayside exhibits is an easy way to inform the public about sanctuary resources, policies, and boundaries. Wayside exhibits can be signs displayed at popular fishing and recreation areas. Coordination and collaboration among local, state, and federal agencies is essential to ensure there is not duplication in efforts, over-signage, and that consistent information is provided. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Beaches & Nature Parks; Docks & Marinas; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management
Develop & Distribute Educational Materials: Distribute Educational Materials at Visitor Booths/Displays Visitor booths at visitor centers, rental car agencies, airports, and chambers of commerce could hold an array of educational materials and brochures (#111) for walk-in visitors. Locations frequented by tourists are excellent targets for these booths and displays, as visitors are often less knowledgeable of the local ecosystems and the policies governing them. Materials should also be multilingual to enhance their effectiveness. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Cultural Policies; Entertainment & Accommodation Services; Environmental Education & Outreach; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Develop & Distribute Educational Materials: Develop Outreach with the Tourism Development Council Collaborating with the Tourism Development Council allows for more specific targeting of tourists and visitors for resource management outreach. Tourists and visitors are less familiar with local ecosystems and are therefore more prone to unintentionally damaging the environment or defying policies and regulations. The Tourism Development Council is also an important stakeholder to consider, in coastal zone management. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Entertainment & Accommodation Services; Environmental Education & Outreach; Resource Use Management; Security & Public Administration Policies; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Travel Services & Tour Operators
Develop & Distribute Educational Materials: Develop, and Implement New Technologies for Educational Resources New technologies should be researched, developed, and adopted for sanctuary educational materials. They should be evaluated before they are adopted. Sanctuaries must make their educational materials available through technologies that the public is currently using. For example, mobile applications could allow visitors to access relevant information while recreating, where older technologies such as websites would be more difficult to access. Such technologies can also be used as decision tools for the public, tracking their use of reef resources to show the user what impact their total activities may have and opportunities to improve that. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Decision Support; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Internet & Telecommunications; Security & Public Administration Policies
Develop & Distribute Educational Materials: Develop Mobile Displays Developing mobile displays for conventions (#135)), trade shows (#108), and educational courses is important to communicate information through pre-established educational opportunities. Support for display development can be arranged through grant funding, and design can be accomplished through utilizing volunteer staff. Much of the information for the display can be gathered from less mobile exhibits/signs, and pre-existing brochures/pamphlets. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Washburne, R. and Wagar, J. 2010. Evaluating Visitor Response to Exhibit Content. Curator: The Museum Journal 15:248-256.

Cultural Policies; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Tourism & Recreation
Develop & Distribute Educational Materials: Provide Interpretive Information Targeted information should be provided and interpreted for media, interest groups, periodicals, publications, and environmental organizations. This information may be about available programs/resources, research findings, policy changes, statistics, avoidance techniques, legal/financial consequences etc. This information should be provided specifically for these groups in such a way to best enhance public understanding regarding reef resources. It is important to interpret this information for these user groups, as this will help them convey the often technical information to the public. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Broadcasting, Publishing, & Libraries; Collaboration & Partnering; Decision Support; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Scientific Research; Security & Public Administration Policies
Discharge Controls: Air Filtration & Scrubbing The management option reduces emissions of air contaminants from structures through interception and/or collection. These filters and scrubbers can be implemented on ventilation emitting particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, ammonia, odorous sulfur compounds, methane or other greenhouse gasses. There are many alternative filters and scrubbers depending on the ventilation system and the characteristics of the emissions. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Atmospheric Emissions; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Chemical Variables; Climate Regulation; CO2; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Energy Policy & Development; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Improved Technology; Infrastructural Policies; Manufacturing & Trade; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Non-Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Ocean Acidity; Regulating Services; Solid Waste Disposal; Supporting Services; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies
Discharge Controls: Survey and Manage Household Chemical Use This management option targets household indoor and outdoor chemical use (pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, cleaners, detergents, solvents, etc). Though these chemicals are typically used in small amounts, many make their way into the watershed because of improper use. Before designing a plan to manage these chemicals, data must be gathered from the local community through surveys. An ideal survey would gather information on what chemicals are being used, how they are used, and how they are disposed of. Enforcing proper use and disposal is very difficult, making a strong education program in response to findings from the study essential. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Use Regulations; Chemical Variables; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Culture; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Housing; Improved Technology; Landscaping & Household Services; Non-point Source Controls; Shelter; Textiles & Apparel; Toxics
Discharge Controls: Carbon Sequestration Carbon sequestration is the process through which practices remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. The term "sink" is also used to describe agricultural and forestry lands that absorb CO2, the major global warming gas emitted by human activities. Agricultural and forestry practices can also release CO2 and other greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. In the ocean, phytoplankton are another major carbon sink. Houghton, R.A. 2002. Magnitude, distribution and causes of terrestrial carbon sinks and some implications for policy. Climate Policy 2:71-88.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Algae; CO2; Deforestation & Devegetation; Forestry; Funding & Incentives; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Infrastructure; Landuse Management; Plankton; Political Pressure; Solid Waste Disposal
Dissemination of Findings: Support Journal Publication This management option involves sponsoring the publication of journals that contain peer-reviewed scientific research. For sanctuaries this can be an excellent place to publish reports and research that used sanctuary areas or resources. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biotechnology Research & Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Culture; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Funding & Donations; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Scientific Research
Dissemination of Findings: Develop an Information Exchange Network This management option involves developing a compendium of current and ongoing research that should be updated on a regular basis. This is important as it allows for collaborators to share information and resources. This type of exchange helps to maximize gains in economies of scale and reduce duplication of efforts. Decision tools such as inventories and databases can often be adapted for this use. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Decision Support; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Internet & Telecommunications; Scientific Research
Dissemination of Findings: Participate in Conferences Conferences are beneficial as a means to garner and disseminate new information, technology, and methods. Conferences also serve as a networking opportunity to communicate with potential collaborators. Participation in local, state, and federal conferences by sanctuary staff is very important to reach out to the broader coral reef community. Sponsoring conferences would allow scientists and researchers to keep abreast of findings and ongoing research within the local sanctuary. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Scientific Research
Dissemination of Findings: Distribute Periodic Sanctuary Health Reports The management option involves creating monitoring/condition reports on the health of the sanctuary and reef that is released for the public. The findings can be released through newsletters, presentations, reports, publications, and other written and oral methods. Criteria reported on typically include water quality, critical habitats, and species of particular interest. These reports will ultimately help reveal the effectiveness of marine protections and policies based on the conditions researched. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Chemical Variables; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Protections; Decision Support; Designate Protected Species; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Marine Protected Areas; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Physical Variables; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Socio-Economic Drivers; Tourism & Recreation
Dissemination of Findings: Report Monitoring and Research Results It is important to disseminate data and information gathered to collaborators and the wider scientific community. This can be accomplished through publication, such as journals (#161) or other networks (#159). It is important to share this data with other government agencies as well (#92). NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Broadcasting, Publishing, & Libraries; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Scientific Research; Security & Public Administration Policies
Economic Markets & Policy: Regulate International Trade of Reef Species Many coral reef species are harvested internationally for a variety of markets including the aquarium trade, food, curios, jewelry and pharmaceuticals. The US is the largest importer for many of these markets. The US strictly limits extraction of stony coral and many reef species in its waters; but as a major importer and consumer of coral reef species, more actions can be taken to decrease the demand on international imports. Setting and enforcing regulations on what can be imported (such as Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species CITES) is one approach that has been taken. More information is needed, leaving room to collect trade data and assess the impacts of extraction techniques to find sustainable methods. Demand for species collected this way will be increased with greater transparency to consumers, which can be accomplished through certifications for environmentally cognoscente collectors and those using alternatives like aquaculture and coral farming. Continued participation in Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) is also beneficial. U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. International Trade in Coral and Coral Reef Species: The Role of the United States. Report of the Trade Subgroup of the International Working Group to the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, Washington, D.C.

World Resource Institute International Marinelife Alliance, editor. 1997. Sullied Seas. WRI, Washington D.C.

U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. The National Action Plan to Conserve Coral Reefs. Washington, D.C.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Collaboration & Partnering; Coral; Corporate Responses; Cultural Policies; Designate Protected Species; Economic Markets & Policies; Environmental Education & Outreach; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates; Live Collection; Manufacturing & Trade; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Marine Products; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Political Pressure; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Sponges; Stony Coral; Toxics; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Economic Markets & Policy: Create Alternative Livelihoods For Fishermen Many fishermen rely on their catch as their family�s main source of income. When restrictions are placed on fishing it can be to the economic detriment of these fishermen. By creating alternative means of earning income for these fishermen, social and economic goals are accomplished while decreasing pressures on natural fish populations. These alternatives often come in the form of aquaculture, which helps to still meet the demand for fish. Another common alternative is tourism; fishermen can use their knowledge and equipment such as boats to accommodate tourism and recreational fishing. All Islands Coral Reef Committee. Local Action Strategies. United States Coral Reef Task Force Accessed 6/13/2011.

Sumaila, U.R., William W. L. Cheung and Louise The. 2007. Rebuilding Hong Kong's marine fisheries: an evaluation of management options. FCRR 2007, Vol. 15(3), Fisheries Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Cultural Policies; Culture; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Raw Materials; Health; Invertebrates; Large Herbivorous Fish; Social Assistance; Tourism & Recreation
Energy Policy & Development: Oil and Gas Rig End of Life As oil production at a given offshore site decreases it becomes necessary to decommission the rigs that were drilling them. It is very expensive to dismantle and transport the rigs back to shore. One such well know case was Shell's Brent Spar 1995. Regulations on the end of life for oil rigs differ by country and even state within the US. The Minerals Management Service has a Rigs-to-Reefs program which supports and encourages the reuse of oil and gas structures for offshore artificial reef developments. If these structures are to be sunk as artificial reefs the normal permit requirements for artificial reefs still apply to ensure the structure will not interfere with navigation channels or degrade the environment. Dauterive, L. 1999. Rigs-to reefs policy, progress, and perspective. Pages 313-318 in SPE/EPA Exploration & Production Environmental Conference.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Artificial Habitat; Biological Addition; Chemical Variables; Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Cultural Services; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Littering; Manufacturing & Trade; Marine Debris; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Permitting & Zoning; Petroleum Spills; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Solid Waste Disposal; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Water Depth & Sea Level; Water Resources
Energy Policy & Development: Oil and Gas Rig Maintenance and Use Regulations There are regulated procedures and documentation required during production operations to prevent major incidents that may harm workers or the environment. A major part of incident prevention is inspection and maintenance. Cultural Services; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Energy Policy & Development; Infrastructural Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Petroleum Spills; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies
Energy Policy & Development: Oil and Gas Rig Construction Regulations The Minerals Management Service (MMS) has several requirements for leasing and permits for construction of new drilling rigs and platforms. Placement is very important so as to not interfere with other uses or the environment. These permits also cover exploratory structures for research and test sites. Minerals Management Service. 2006. Leasing Oil and Natural Gas Resources. U.S. Department of the Interior.

Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Economic Markets & Policies; Energy Policy & Development; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Oil & Gas Rigs; Permitting & Zoning; Petroleum Spills; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies
Energy Policy & Development: Pipeline Maintenance Requirements The best way to ensure a high level of safety and reliability in operation of pipelines is to have a maintenance and inspection plan in place that targets damage, degradation or defects before they lead to failures. Economically, expenditures for maintenance and inspection are significantly less than those for emergency service in reaction to unforeseen situations. However, legislative requirements for plans, procedures and documentation ensures compliance with these best management practices. Environmental Protection Agency. 2008. Pipeline Maintenance Best Practices: Lessons Learned from the Natural Gas STAR Program. Charlotte (North Carolina).

United Kingdom Onshore Pipeline Operators� Association. 2006. UKOPA Recommendations for Pipeline Maintenance and Inspection. UKOPA/06/0032,

Chemical Use Regulations; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Energy Policy & Development; Infrastructural Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies
Energy Policy & Development: Cable and Pipeline Construction Assessments Pre-assessments must be conducted to ensure pipelines and cables buried on the ocean floor will not disrupt or destroy natural or cultural resources. Reach Networks Hong Kong Ltd. 2007. Project Profile: Asia-America Gateway (AAG) Cable Network, South Lantau. Wanchai, Hong Kong SAR.

Construction Codes & Projects; Cultural Services; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Energy Policy & Development; Infrastructural Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Permitting & Zoning; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Utilities; Utility Policies
Energy Policy & Development: Develop Energy Efficiency Initiatives Energy efficiency is one of the lowest cost strategies for reducing greenhouse gases. Energy efficiency is also one of the few options that actually reduce user costs as well, since using less energy should reduce energy bills. Energy efficiency can be promoted across the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. In the US, the ENERGY STAR program has served as a trusted source of information to help consumers and organizations throughout the nation adopt energy-efficient products and practices. Other ways to incentivize energy improvements include subsidizing (e.g. tax exemption) or issuing lower interest loans for investments in energy use reduction technologies and infrastructure (e.g. more efficient heating/cooling systems). Environmental Protection Agency. ENERGY STAR and Other Climate Protection Partnerships. 2009 Annual Report. US EPA.

Atmospheric Emissions; City Planning; Climate Regulation; CO2; Coal Mining; Construction Codes & Projects; Corporate Responses; Discharges; Economic Markets & Policies; Energy Policy & Development; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Funding & Incentives; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Housing; Improved Technology; Landuse Management; Manufacturing & Trade; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Oil & Gas Industry; Shelter; Utilities; Utility Policies; Wholesale & Retail Trade; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Energy Policy & Development: Develop Offshore Wind and Hydrokinetic Alternative Energies Policies encouraging or authorizing construction of offshore facilities are evolving, and there are many sides to the issue of how to best manage them. Alternative energies are desirable and would reduce the dependence on fossil fuel resources. However, hydrokinetic technologies are just becoming viable, meaning long term impacts are still unknown. Facilitative policies reduce barriers for alternative energy development or increase barriers or costs for incumbent technologies. These include research and innovation policies, technology improvement subsidies, market based policies that internalize externalities, and regulatory changes that simplify the permitting process. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy. 2009. Report to Congress on the Potential Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Technologies. Department of Energy.

Portman, M.E. 2010. Marine Renewable Energy Policy: Some US and International Perspectices Compared. Oceanography 23:98-105.

Artificial Habitat; Biological Addition; Construction Codes & Projects; Economic Markets & Policies; Energy Policy & Development; Funding & Incentives; Infrastructural Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Permitting & Zoning; Petroleum Spills; Physical Variables; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Seawater Flow; Utilities; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Utility Policies
Enforcement: Interpretive Enforcement Interpretive enforcement, sometimes called �soft� or positive enforcement, refers to approaches geared towards encouraging widespread voluntary compliance with laws, rules and regulations. Interpretive enforcement is based on the premise that most people, once informed about MPA regulations, want to do the right thing. This is the greatest level of compliance because it advocates understanding and public support of goals for reef management. The main objective of this management action is to increase public understanding of the importance to comply with regulations, achieve voluntary compliance, and promote public stewardship of historical and cultural marine resources through interpretive enforcement. Strategies that can help achieve these goals include developing special training programs, organizing events, implementing social marketing, targeting indigenous learning systems and changing cultural value systems. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources of the Department of Agriculture, and Department of the Interior and Local Government. 2001. Philippine Coastal Management Guidebook No. 8 Coastal Law Enforcement. No.8 Coastal Law Enforcement, Coastal Resource Management Project of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Cebu City, Philippines.

National Marine Sanctuaries. 2005. MPAs and Enforcement. Module 7, NOAA.

Cultural Policies; Culture; Decision Support; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Funding & Incentives; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Security & Public Administration Policies
Environmental Education: Competitive Educational Funding Opportunities This response involves offering funding to teachers for field trips, scientific equipment, and reference material in support of curricula. Teachers may submit proposals for evaluation, and funding is administered on a competitive basis from a non-profit organization or a reef management area. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Cultural Services; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Funding & Incentives; Schools & Colleges; Security & Public Administration Policies
Environmental Education: Develop Standardized Voluntary Certification Programs This management option involves coordinating with leaders of various target businesses related to diving and snorkeling, marine mammal viewing, kayaking, eco-tours, and fishing. Through collaborations with these businesses, management areas can create a voluntary certification program for employees of these businesses to learn and receive accurate information about nearby corals, the ecosystem, and how they can better protect reefs in their everyday actions. These voluntary certifications can be used to educate employees and/or to develop self-regulating standards for these businesses. Depending on the standards and curriculum, voluntary certification programs can then be used by these businesses to convey knowledge or environmentally safe practices to customers through marketing. Educating employees of these businesses helps to assure that they are disseminating accurate information to visitors. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Corporate Responses; Cultural Policies; Cultural Services; Culture; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Education & Outreach; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security & Public Administration Policies; Socio-Economic Drivers; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Environmental Education: Deliver Non-Enforcement Resource Eductaion at the Resource Site Voluntary compliance (#50) is the most desirable form of site protection. Lack of compliance often occurs unintentionally, due to a lack of knowledge and understanding. Law enforcement plays a role by ensuring rules are appropriately followed, but often the preventative component of this enforcement becomes secondary, especially on high use days/areas. Volunteers can assist by answering questions and talking to people recreating about the reef, reef resources, and how to appropriately recreate. Volunteers can watch to ensure people are acting appropriately, that boaters do not go too close to shallow reefs, and that groundings do not occur. Programs such as Team OCEAN have contributed over 15,000 hours to such activities. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Beaches & Nature Parks; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Culture; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Finfish Harvest; Invertebrate Harvest; Marine Debris; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Social Organizations; Sunscreen Use; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Trampling
Environmental Education: Create a Public Awareness Program This involves developing a spread of education tools like brochures (#111), newsletters (#118), displays (#127), web sites (#133) and a database (#98) to inform the public about different volunteer, education and training opportunities in regards to preserving the marine environment and maritime heritage resources. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Security & Public Administration Policies
Environmental Education: Support Lecture Series This option encourages coral management staff to speak at local forums to encourage greater public education regarding reef health. This involves collaborating with organizers of lecture series to take advantage of the opportunity to speak in front of an previously-organized audience. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Security & Public Administration Policies
Environmental Education: Support Environmental Workshops for Educators This management option involves using environmental education workshops in order to ameliorate educator�s knowledge of the importance of corals because of their cultural and natural resource value. Local management areas can co-sponsor these efforts, and up-to-date information will always be utilized. Involvement in such workshops not only promotes coral education, but can also show educators where resources and opportunities exist through institutional collaboration. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Schools & Colleges; Security & Public Administration Policies
Environmental Education: Experiential Reef Learning This recommended option encourages taking youth and parents to experience the reefs and learn about them firsthand. Through this interactive experience, residents and visitors can learn about the benefits of corals and their importance to fisheries, ecological health, and the economy. Oftentimes, locals never experience the reefs firsthand and never learned about their importance. This educational experience would be very beneficial because locals will become more aware of the value of coral reefs, increasing their vested interest when making decisions in everyday life that impact reef health. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Cultural Policies; Cultural Services; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Recreational Opportunities; Tourism & Recreation
Environmental Education: Promote Environmental Education in Local Schools Volunteers can be used to assist education and outreach staff to bring environmental education to local schools. Volunteers can do things such as: chaperone during snorkel trips, and help students with water quality testing exercises. Volunteers should be trained to correctly use educational materials and equipment. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Schools & Colleges; Security & Public Administration Policies
Evaluating Fishing Gear/Method Impacts: Evaluate impacts of existing fishing gear and methods on habitats Research is needed to investigate impact on habitat of commercial and recreation fishing gear and methods. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Biological Harvest; Boating Activities; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Coral; Culture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Invertebrate Harvest; Live Collection; Physical Damage; Pressures; Recreational Fishing; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Socio-Economic Drivers; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Evaluating Fishing Gear/Method Impacts: Conduct research on the ecological impacts on sanctuary preservation areas of baiting fishing and catch-and-release fishing by trolling It is necessary to asses the ecological effects of catch�and-release fishing by trolling and bait-fishing in order to make informed decisions regarding their provisions in protected areas. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Aquaculture; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Activities; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Coral; Culture; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Invertebrate Harvest; Live Collection; Physical Damage; Pressures; Recreational Fishing; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Socio-Economic Drivers; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Fishing & Harvesting Management: Research Low-impact Fishing Gear & Methods Facilitating research to develop gear designs and fishing methods that minimize impacts is multifaceted. Ideal fishing gear is selective for the target species and sizes, with negligible direct or indirect impact on non-target species, sizes and habitats; but also efficient, giving quality, high catches at the lowest possible cost. Newly developed low-impact gear allows fishermen to fulfill their needs, providing food and income, while lessening the unintended environmental impact of those activities, like by-catch. Before an agency should promote new fishing gear or methods research is important to ensure there are no un-intended environmental tradeoffs. Biodegradable fishing line, modified traps, and buoy lines are examples of gear types that could be studied. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Seas At Risk. 2009. Moving Towards Low Impact Fisheries In Europe Policy Hurdles & Actions.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Boat Movement; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Improved Technology; Invasive Species; Invertebrate Harvest; Live Collection; Marine Debris; Physical Damage; Recreational Fishing; Reef Habitat; Resource Use Management; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Fishing & Harvesting Management: Derelict Fishing Gear & Ghost Fishing The term "ghost fishing" is used to describe the capture of marine organisms by lost or abandoned fishing gear. This is particularly a problem with gillnets, trammel nets and pots. Gear is usually lost because it becomes stuck on rough bottoms containing corals and stones, causing the buoy line to break during retrieval. Nets or pots may continue to fish for years, with captured fish and crustaceans dying and serving as attracting bait for more fish and organisms. Ghost fishing may therefore represent a serious problem in many areas, causing hidden fishing mortality over a long period of time. This management option co-insides with (#63) Respond to Natural Resource Injuries form Derelict Vessels. Cochrane, K.L., editor. 2002. A Fishery Manager's Guidebook. Management Measures and their application. Fisheries Technical Paper 424, FAO, Rome.

Seas At Risk. 2009. Moving Towards Low Impact Fisheries In Europe Policy Hurdles & Actions.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Arthropods; Artificial Habitat; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Corallivorous Fish; Discharges; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Littering; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Debris; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Forestry Policy: Forestry Management Planning There are many aspects to properly managing forestry sites to reduce point source and non-point source pollutants. Forestry activities can degrade water quality with several types of pollutants and impacts, including: sediment, nutrients, forest chemicals like pesticides, organic debris from tree litter, increased water temperature and increased streamflow. The Forestry management plan and practices include, but are not limited to: pre-harvest planning, road construction and use, prescribed burning and fire management, brush management, timber harvest, regeneration, and application of forest chemicals. Wetlands Forest Management has additional best practices. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Biological Harvest; Chemical Use Regulations; Civil Engineering & Construction; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Manufacturing & Trade; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Regulating Services; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Forestry Policy: Forestry Streamside Management Areas There are often surface waters, such as streams and lakes, within forestry areas that require special protection. This management option involves establishing and maintaining management areas (35 to 50 feet) around these surface waters to buffer against changes in temperature, increases in sediments and nutrients, and to provide bank stability. Canopy species in these areas also provide woody debris needed for instream channel structure and aquatic species habitat. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Primary Production; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Forestry Policy: Forest Chemical Management Pesticides and fertilizers are commonly used in forestry to reduce mortality of desired trees, improve forest production, and ease harvest/extraction. The rate of application is typically very low, but given the overall area covered, pesticides can still accumulate within watersheds. Some forest management chemical use considerations to reduce nonpoint source pollution impacts include: Develop an effective spill contingency plan to contain spills, and immediately report accidental spills into surface waters to the appropriate State agency. Prior to application, inspect the mixing and loading process and the calibration of equipment, and identify the appropriate weather conditions, the spray area, and buffer areas for surface waters. Buffer areas for surface waters are especially important for aerial applications. Carefully prescribe the type and amount of pesticides appropriate for the insect, fungus, or herbaceous species. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Forestry; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrients; Provisioning Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Water Resources; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Implementing Notification and Response Protocols: Implement �Eyes on the Water� This plan would entail teaming with volunteers and education staff to develop a volunteer training program to help report groundings. Training would include: incident recognition, documentation, and notification. Possible volunteers could be pulled from Team OCEAN, Reef Medics, Mote Marine Laboratory, professional fishing guides, etc. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Activities; Collaboration & Partnering; Contact Uses; Cultural Policies; Culture; Physical Damage; Pressures; Resource Use Management; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security & Public Administration Policies; Social Organizations; Socio-Economic Drivers
Injury Prevention: Assist Education and Outreach This plan is to help prevent groundings. This can be achieved through providing products and information such as statistics, avoidance techniques, and legal/financial consequences. Such information would be provided for media, interest groups, periodicals, publications, and environmental organizations. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Activities; Broadcasting, Publishing, & Libraries; Contact Uses; Cultural Policies; Culture; Dredging Regulations; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Physical Damage; Pressures; Resource Use Management; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Socio-Economic Drivers
Landuse Management: Household Landscaping Best Management Practices Homeowners manipulate the visible features of the land surrounding their home through landscaping. This includes flora, fauna, and terrain. Best Management Practices (BMPs) for landscaping include selection of indigenous flora and fauna, landscape irrigation (sprinkler systems etc), stormwater runoff BMPs, reducing water use, integrated pest management, composting, and incorporation of permeable surfaces. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Irrigation Association. 2010. Turf and Landscape Irrigation Best Management Practices.

Applied Chemicals; Biological Addition; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Discharge Limitations; Environmental Education & Outreach; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Impervious Surfaces; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Shelter; Supplemental Feeding; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges
Landuse Management: Mine Reclamation Lands disturbed by mining must be reclaimed to their Approximate Original Contour (AOC). Mine operators must backfill, compact, and grade in order to restore the AOC of the land with all highwalls, spoil piles, and depressions eliminated. Spoil material is prone to erosion, and may carry various disturbed toxics into groundwater if not properly managed. Temporary roads and impervious surfaces may have also been constructed for mining purposes. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement. POSTMINING LAND USE: Exceptions to Approximate Original Contour Requirements for Mountaintop Removal Operations and steep Slope Mining Operations. Washington, DC.

Chemical Use Regulations; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coal Mining; Construction Codes & Projects; Decision Support; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Food & Raw Materials; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Manufacturing & Trade; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining; Mining Policies; Mitigation; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Political Pressure; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Valuation; Waterborne Discharges
Landuse Management: Temporary Road Planning and Construction This management option involves minimizing sediment discharges from forestry and other temporary roads through their planning and construction. Since these roads are seasonal or temporary, less time and effort is normally invested in construction. Road construction has four main phases, clearing, leveling, construction and surfacing. Construction timing should be targeted to avoid sensitive spawning periods and during low stream flow at water passes. Road surface drainage shaping requires proper moisture content, surfacing, and grading. Drainage should be installed to reduce the volume and velocity of runoff water passing over sensitive areas. Methods for road surface drainage include: broad-based dip construction, pole culverts, ditch relief culverts, road outsloping and grading, ditch and turnout construction. Roadway runoff should be prevented from flowing directly into watercourses by using turnouts, wing ditches and dips. Brush barriers, silt fences, riprap and filter strips can be used to trap sediment in runoff water. Where roads cross streams it is important to guard against erosion, as such erosion may necessitate road repairs. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Decision Support; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land & Air Transportation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Mining; Mining Policies; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Transportation; Transportation Policies
Marine Zoning: Existing Management Areas The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS) uses this zoning category to identify areas that are managed by other agencies where restrictions already exist. These zones delineate the existing jurisdictional authority of other agencies (i.e., State parks, aquatic preserves, sanctuaries, and other restricted areas). Management of these areas within the Sanctuary may require additional regulations or restrictions to adequately protect resources. Any additional management measures will be developed and implemented in coordination with the agency having jurisdictional authority. Their function is not to establish another layer of bureaucracy, but to recognize established management areas and, at a minimum, to complement the existing management programs, ensuring cooperation and coordination with other agencies. Existing Management Areas will be maintained through revising GIS and NOAA charts. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Beaches & Nature Parks; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Boating Activities; Coastal Defense; Contact Uses; Decision Support; Designate Protected Species; Designated Uses; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Entertainment & Accommodation Services; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Marine Protected Areas; Permitting & Zoning; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation; Water Transportation
Marine Zoning: Sanctuary Preservation Areas (SPAs) This is a type of Marine Zoning used by the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS). SPAs focus on the protection of shallow, heavily used reefs where conflicts occur between user groups, and where concentrated visitor activity leads to resource degradation. They are designed to enhance the reproductive capabilities of renewable resources, protect areas critical for sustaining and protecting important marine species, and reduce user conflicts in high-use areas. This is accomplished through a prohibition of consumptive activities within these areas. They have been chosen based on the status of important habitat, the ability of a particular area to sustain and protect the habitat, the level of visitor use, and the degree of conflict between consumptive and non-consumptive users. The actual size and location of these zones have been determined by examination of user patterns, aerial photography, and ground-truthing of specific habitats. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Artisanal Fishing; Beaches & Nature Parks; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Coastal Defense; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Complex Habitat & Resources; Cruise Ships; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Entertainment & Accommodation Services; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Landscape Changes; Large Ships; Live Collection; Marine Protected Areas; Oil & Gas Tankers; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Public Administration; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Security; Small Boats; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Supporting Services; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Trampling; Travel Services & Tour Operators; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Water Resources; Water Transportation
Marine Zoning: Special Use Areas Special use areas are set aside for specific scientific or educational purposes. This is in order to encourage the recovery or restoration of injured or degraded resources. Also, the areas may be designated to facilitate access to, or use of, resources, and prevent other user conflicts. Special-use areas are achieved through a variety of methods such as: placing/maintaining buoys along zone boundaries; adjusting boundaries if necessary; evaluating allowable activities within zone boundaries; identifying potential areas that need additional zoning; reviewing the effectiveness of the zoning; and revising NOAA and GIS charts; and determining/establishing appropriate zones for high-impact or user-conflict activities. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Biomedical Research Policies; Complex Habitat & Resources; Contact Uses; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Health Policies; Marine Protected Areas; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Social Organizations; Special Use Permitting; Supporting Services; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Marine Zoning: Ecological Reserves (ERs) Ecological Reserves set aside areas with minimal human interference. These reserves aim to enhance and protect biodiversity through encompassing large, contiguous habitats. The goal of ecological reserves is to encourage spawning, nurseries, and residence areas that contribute to genetic protection of fish and marine life. Ecological Reserves can be achieved through a variety of methods such as: placing/maintaining buoys along zone boundaries; adjusting boundaries if necessary; evaluating allowable activities within zone boundaries; identifying potential areas that need additional zoning; reviewing the effectiveness of the zoning; and revising NOAA and GIS charts. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Coastal Defense; Commercial Fishing Boats; Complex Habitat & Resources; Cruise Ships; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Large Ships; Live Collection; Marine Protected Areas; Oil & Gas Tankers; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Security Policies; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling; Water Transportation
Marine Zoning: Develop Baseline Data Baseline surveys of existing resources need to be conducted before monitoring can begin. The surveys must be conducted in Ecological Reserves, Sanctuary Preservation Areas, and Special-Use Areas to characterize the status of important marine species and their habitats. Establishing baseline data allows for later comparisons to monitoring data to gauge changes over time and revaluate current management actions being taken. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Chemical Variables; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Funding & Donations; Physical Variables; Provisioning Services; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Regulating Services; Scientific Research; Security & Public Administration Policies; Supporting Services; Wetlands
Marine Zoning: Permitting Application & Award This management approach is important because permits assure protection and conservation of coral resources from harmful activities and practices. Within sanctuary waters, special use permits (#157) can be used to allow scientists and others to conduct necessary work while following permitting regulations to reduce the impact of that work. General permits are often required for altering land-use, construction projects and certain discharges. To be eligible for a permit, the operator may be required to conduct impact assessments, institute best management practices and conduct monitoring of the project. Though permits are a necessary precaution, the process can be streamlined through ensuring clear submittal requirements, and reducing redundancy. Redundancy often occurs when multiple agencies must approve a permit, a single point of contact and standard, inter-agency protocols can reduce unnecessary redundancy. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Impervious Surfaces; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Point Source Discharges; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Security & Public Administration Policies; Special Use Permitting
Marine Zoning: Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) Wildlife Management Areas include bird nesting, resting, or feeding areas, turtle nesting beaches, and other sensitive habitats including shallow flats that are important feeding areas for fish. These areas seek to provide protection for endangered/threatened species or their habitats while at the same time providing opportunity for public use. Wildlife Management Areas are achieved through placing and maintaining buoys along zone boundaries; implementing management responsibilities; adjusting existing zone boundaries if needed; evaluating allowable activities within the boundaries and make changes if needed; identifying potential areas that need additional zoning; monitoring the effectiveness of current zones; and revising GIS and NOAA charts. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Beaches & Nature Parks; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Boating Activities; Coastal Defense; Contact Uses; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Designate Protected Species; Designated Uses; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Entertainment & Accommodation Services; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Sea Turtles; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling; Water Transportation; Wetlands
Measuring Sanctuary Performance Over Time: Monitor existing performance measures consistently over time The sanctuary staff should conduct routine performance evaluations to collect and record data on sanctuary performance over time. Using this data staff will determine effectiveness by evaluating progress towards achievement of each action plan�s desired outcomes, and assessing the role or added value of those outcomes in the overall accomplishment of site goals and objectives. Effectiveness will be evaluated for both the local sanctuary performance measures as well as NMSP national performance measure where applicable. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Decision Support; Public Administration; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies; Socio-Economic Drivers
Monitor & Research: Survey and Collect Anecdotal Information Anecdotal information is to be solicited from experts and amateur public participation through surveys and workshops. Persons of interest include fishermen, recreational divers, recreational dive facilities, salvors and other locals with knowledge of marine resources in the area. Information they provide can help identify marine cultural and natural resources and help update resource inventory. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Boating Regulations; Coastal Engineering; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Educational & Research Opportunities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Marine Products; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Responses; Security & Public Administration Policies; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Valuation; Water Transportation
Monitor & Research: Utilize Managed Areas for Socioeconomic Research Data are needed to test hypotheses about the socioeconomic impact of marine zoning and user-group perceptions about changes in natural resources within the sanctuary area. User-group perception of changes in natural resources can be compared with quantitative ecological data to identify misconceptions and knowledge gaps. Providing funding opportunities for external scientists to conduct research in the managed area is another option. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Contact Uses; Cultural Services; Culture; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Economic Markets & Policies; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Food & Raw Materials; Infrastructural Policies; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Non-Monetary Valuation; Permitting & Zoning; Provisioning Services; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Regulating Services; Resource Use Management; Special Use Permitting; Supporting Services; Valuation
Monitor & Research: Integrate Volunteer Monitoring Program Monitoring by trained volunteers yields useful, cost-effective data that provides positive engagement for a variety of stakeholders. Such existing programs include The Ocean Conservancy, Atlantic Gulf Rapid Reef Assessment, and the Dolphin Ecology Project. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Collaboration & Partnering; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Education & Information; Reef Life; Scientific Research; Social Organizations
Monitor & Research: Develop Scientific Research Study Program Management areas can encourage scientific studies by coordinating efforts of research groups and institutions. Collaboration and integration of these scientific studies can be beneficial to both the research groups and the management area. For example, data from monitoring of restoration projects could be analyzed by an academic institution, helping to reduce the burden on funds and perhaps using data in ways outside the scope of management objectives. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Biomedical Research Policies; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Ecosystem Services; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Resource Use Management; Schools & Colleges; Scientific Research; Security & Public Administration Policies; Special Use Permitting
Monitor & Research: Research Queen Conch Reproduction and Restoration Inshore Queen Conch may be experiencing reproductive failure. Research on various snails in other parts of the world has shown that snails are susceptible to endocrine disruption caused by various anthropogenic contaminants. This activity will determine the cause of reproductive failure, possibly by endocrine disruption, of queen conch in reef areas. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Applied Chemicals; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Commercial Fisheries; Designate Protected Species; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Molluscs; Recreational Fishing; Reef Inhabitants; Snails & Conch; Waterborne Discharges
Monitor & Research: Research Historical Hydrology This activity involves a historical assessment of the hydrology of the surrounding water area around the sanctuary as it has affected water quality and biological communities within the sanctuary. It will clarify the role of freshwater inflows and water quality from local freshwater bodies. Also, this activity will examine the effects of structural modification and changes in quality, quantity, timing and distribution of freshwater releases from existing structures and will examine land-based practices affecting the water quality of runoff. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Applied Chemicals; Chemical Variables; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Physical Variables; Salinity; Seawater Flow; Shoreline Armoring; Stormwater Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Water Depth & Sea Level; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges
Monitor & Research: Research Artificial Reef Siting, Size, and Materials Impact for Future Management Decisions The effects of artificial reefs on fish and invertebrate abundance and community composition and on other sanctuary resources need to be assessed. Siting and size considerations should include spatial components such as nearest natural reef, species connectivity, currents, distance to shore, expected use, hurricane occurances, etc. The longevity of artificial reefs composed of different materials needs to be evaluated and considered heavily. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2007. National Artificial Reef Plan: Guidelines for Siting, Construction, Development, and Assessment of Artificial Reefs. US Department of Commerce.

NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Artificial Habitat; Biological Addition; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Chemical Variables; Complex Habitat & Resources; Coral; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Invertebrates; Marine Debris; Physical Variables; Provisioning Services; Public Administration; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Regulating Services; Seawater Flow; Security & Public Administration Policies; Shoreline Protection; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Toxics; Water Resources; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Monitor & Research: Research and Monitor Wetlands This management option involves monitoring and research of mangroves, both for biotic and abiotic factors. Some biotic factors include disease, species, invasive species, abundance, age and leaf litter. Important abiotic factors include sedimentation rates, types and causes of turbidity, and soil chemistry. The activity would document changes to the extent of mangrove vegetation by using historical aerial photography and other records. Wetland nutrient and contaminant processing productivity depends on maintaining a balance and not exceeding thresholds. There remain many unknowns in wetland restoration as to optimal capacity and how to achieve this. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Chemical Variables; Climate Regulation; Complex Habitat & Resources; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Invasive Species; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Physical Variables; Primary Production; Regulating Services; Scientific Research; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Substrate; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands
Monitor & Research: Continue Stakeholder Research It is beneficial to support monitoring and research projects that are developed by stakeholders because these present an opportunity to directly engage constituents in sanctuary resource issues and to increase understanding of the ecosystem. Sanctuaries can provide support in the form of helping to coordinate activities, assisting with field work, issuing research permits, assisting with identifying potential funding sources, and providing letters of support for grant proposals. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Funding & Incentives; Scientific Research; Security & Public Administration Policies
Monitor & Research: Develop Innovative Monitoring Tools This management option calls for identifying and evaluating monitoring tools and methodologies used to detect pollutants and identify cause-and-effect relationships among water quality and biological resources. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Chemical Variables; Contact Uses; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Landscape Changes; Nutrients; Physical Variables; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Scientific Research; Toxics
Monitor & Research: Monitor Use Patterns on Artificial and Natural Reefs This management option seeks to provide data for decisions concerning creating new artificial reefs. Use data is important because justification for artificial reefs extends from their ability to shift use pressures (diving, fishing, etc.) from natural reefs. Once an artificial reef is decided on there is much more data to collect and factors to consider when deciding where the artificial reef (#189). NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Artificial Habitat; Biological Addition; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Boating Activities; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Defense; Complex Habitat & Resources; Coral; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fishing Sector; Military; Museums, Amusement Parks, Historical Sites; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies; Supporting Services; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation; Travel Services & Tour Operators; Valuation; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Monitor & Research: Fisheries Sampling Improved fisheries sampling programs require improving the spatial resolution of commercial and recreation fisheries-dependent and fisheries-independent sampling programs to provide statistics on catch and effort. Improved sampling can be achieved through evaluating and enhancing census programs by using smaller sampling areas. Also, fishery pre-recruitment monitoring efforts should be continued for long-term prediction of fishery stocks. Last, investigating life histories of fishery species needs to be conducted because it is currently a gap. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Apex Fish Predators; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Corallivorous Fish; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Security & Public Administration Policies; Small Herbivorous Fish
Monitor & Research: Adaptive Management By definition, adaptive management is a structured management approach that links science to decision-making, thereby improving the probability of restoration success. It provides an efficient process to address risk and uncertainty inherent within ecosystem restoration by encouraging flexible plans and designs. Monitoring (#) is an important component of adaptive management. The affect of different restoration alternatives can be seen using monitoring data, and compared against other environmental variables to determine what the best future actions are based on results of previous projects. CERP Committee. 2006. Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan Adaptive Management Strategy.

Artificial Habitat; Biological Addition; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Chemical Variables; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Physical Variables; Public Administration; Regulating Services; Remediation; Scientific Research; Supporting Services
Monitor & Research: Biological Status and Trends Monitoring This activity produces long-term comprehensive information on sanctuary-wide status and trends of biological resources. Data that could be collected on coral reef communities includes but is not limited to species abundance and density, biodiversity, benthic cover, coral condition, growth, recruitment, predation, and grazing. Mangroves and seagrasses should also be monitored. With adequate baseline data, changes in community structure and biocriteria can be identified and restoration or protection efforts can be taken. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Aquarium Stock; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biocriteria; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Bivalves; Calcareous Macroalgae; Contact Uses; Coral; Coralline Algae; Cyanobacteria; Decision Support; Echinoderms; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Hydrocoral; Invasive Species; Invertebrates; Large Herbivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Products; Marine Vertebrates; Marine Worms; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Octocoral; Octopus & Squid; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Physical Damage; Primary Production; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Sea Turtles; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tunicates; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins
Public Participation: Assist Reef Environmental Education Foundation REEF This program uses recreation divers who conduct fish biodiversity and abundance survey in the Keys and the Caribbean. This surveys work towards contributing to The Great Annual Fish Count. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Collaboration & Partnering; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fish; Scientific Research; Social Organizations
Public Participation: Conduct Public Forums This option ensures public involvement in local reef management area decisions/events. Holding public forums on an as needed basis will encourage dialogue between management staff and stakeholders. During these forums reef staff can present information to help better educate the public through the forum as well as answering questions. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Cultural Policies; Environmental Education & Outreach; Public Administration
Public Participation: Volunteer Recruitment This option increases support for volunteers and their activities. Volunteers should be recruited based on their skills and placed according to their experiences, interests, and qualifications. Volunteers should be trained and oriented so they will be familiar with the management area and feel appreciated. To be successful, volunteer programs need to provide safety, and place volunteers in a worthwhile, meaningful job positions. Volunteer projects can then be evaluated based on effectiveness and communication should be kept with volunteers through phone calls, letters, and e-mail. Though volunteer positions are typically unpaid, funding would need to be provided from a variety of sources in order to support efforts. Potential programs and internships should be identified and created in order to enhance the program. Partnerships with local educational institutions can be very beneficial for recruiting volunteers. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Cultural Policies; Decision Support; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Security & Public Administration Policies
Public Participation: Assist Dolphin Ecology Project This volunteer program photographs individual dolphins for identification, observes the activities of the dolphins, samples environmental parameters, and identifies and measures the abundance of important dolphin prey. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Marine Vertebrates; Physical & Chemical Environment; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Scientific Research; Security & Public Administration Policies; Whales & Dolphins
Public Participation: Assist Florida Keys Watch Volunteers participating in this program help collect seawater samples and environmental data. Florida Keys Watch help to assist scientific studies conducted by universities, agencies, and other institutions. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Physical & Chemical Environment; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Scientific Research
Public Participation: Assist Local Volunteer Organizations This management approach encourages collaboration with local volunteer organizations that have missions similar to the coral management area. This way, the sanctuary is working efficiently with other groups to help accomplish the same goals instead of wasting resources trying to accomplish the same ends. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Education & Outreach; Social Organizations
Public Participation: Assist Marine Animal Rescue Activities There are many volunteers in marine areas that will help rescue distressed animals. Volunteers assist with reducing pain and suffering of marine animals, provide first aid, derive maximum scientific and education benefits from the live and dead marine mammals, and collect high-quality data. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Services; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Marine Vertebrates; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Security & Public Administration Policies
Public Participation: Assist Queen Conch Restoration Activities Volunteers assist with raising juvenile queen conchs at a hatchery located at Keys Marine Lab through this volunteer program. They also locate and tag wild, adult conchs for population and reproduction studies. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Collaboration & Partnering; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Molluscs; Snails & Conch; Social Organizations
Public Participation: Assist Seafood Watch Assist Seafood Watch and other sustainable seafood consumption initiatives, in their efforts to educate the public and promote sustainable seafood. The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) the Tour Opperators' Iniative (TOI) and The Center for Environmental Leadership in Business (CELB). 2003. A Practical Guide to Good Practice: Managing Environmental Impacts In The Marine Recreation Sector.

SeafoodWatch. 2005. Sustainable Seafood Business Practices. Monteray Bay.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Corallivorous Fish; Environmental Education & Outreach; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Invertebrate Harvest; Large Herbivorous Fish; Live Collection; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Sectors Filling Human Needs
Public Participation: Assist Reef Ecosystem Condition RECON RECON trains volunteer divers to collect information about the reef environment, health of stony corals, presence of key reef organism, and human-induced impacts. The goal of RECON is to broaden knowledge of bottom-dwelling organisms on reefs. They also act as an alert system when there are abnormal and possibly harmful conditions present on the reefs. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Coral; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Physical & Chemical Environment; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Security & Public Administration Policies; Social Organizations; Stony Coral
Public Participation: Assist Sea Turtle Activities Sea turtles are protected under the Endangered Species Act. Volunteers protect and preserve sea turtles and their habitats. Volunteers will do an array of tasks including monitoring known and potential nesting beaches, marking and recording the location of nests, and documenting nest success. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Collaboration & Partnering; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Marine Vertebrates; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Sea Turtles
Public Participation: Manage Public Participation Projects Public participation projects have significant potential; they not only address the project goals but also encourage public stewardship for important marine resources. Long term public projects require continued involvement, guidance and encouragement to reach project completion. Developing an inventory/database (#98) can be important for successful management of multiple projects. The public cannot participate in such projects if they are not aware of them, so effective marketing (#86) is an essential component of public participation management. Many of these tasks can be performed by volunteers. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Decision Support; Environmental Education & Outreach; Security & Public Administration Policies; Social Organizations
Public Participation: Assist Wild Bird Rehabilitation Many wildlife rescue organizations help and respond to injured birds including marine birds like sea gulls, pelicans, egrets, herons, osprey, and eagles. Collaborations with such organizations can be mutually beneficial as organization volunteers learn from training received from sanctuary staff. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Collaboration & Partnering; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Marine Birds; Security & Public Administration Policies
Public Participation: Assist Save the Manatee Club Volunteers are active in helping to remove monofilament line. This is especially dangerous to manatees. Volunteers from Save the Manatees can help with education and monitoring in the local coral management area. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collaboration & Partnering; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Marine Debris; Marine Vertebrates; Security & Public Administration Policies
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Spearfishing Regulations Spearfishing is already prohibited in ecological reserves, sanctuary preservation areas, management areas, and special-use areas. There are additional considerations to be made to see if restrictions need to be extended in high priority areas. There may also be need to be further scientific study on the impacts of spearfishing. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Cochrane, K.L., editor. 2002. A Fishery Manager's Guidebook. Management Measures and their application. Fisheries Technical Paper 424, FAO, Rome.

Seas At Risk. 2009. Moving Towards Low Impact Fisheries In Europe Policy Hurdles & Actions.

Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Contact Uses; Cultural Services; Culture; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Raw Materials; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Aquaculture/Mariculture Regulations This will help determine if there is a need to establish mariculture operations regulations and proceed accordingly. This would help satisfy the commercial demand for fish while taking pressure off of the wild species. Such regulations should consider where, when and what species of mariculture are allowable. The environmental impact mariculture has can vary depending on current, depth and distance to land, making location and even season important. The species being cultured is also an important consideration, especially if they are non-native or different genetically from the local natural population as escapes may occur. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

NEPA. 1998. MARICULTURE DRAFT POLICY AND REGULATION NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION AUTHORITY COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT DIVISION. National Environment & Planning agency.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Aquaculture; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Designated Uses; Domestic Animal Waste; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Invasive Species; Resource Use Management; Supplemental Feeding
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Activities Allowed in Existing Regulatory Zones There are five different types of regulatory zones within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary: Ecological Reserves, Sanctuary preservation Areas, Wildlife Management Areas, Existing Management Areas, and Special Use Areas. Each zone has a different set of prohibited or allowable activities. This type of diversity in zones allows for visitors to partake in the activity they desire, but in an area where the impact will be less severe. Allowable activities require periodic evaluation and may need to be changed or relocated to allow for recovery or to address other issues of concern. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Harvest; Contact Uses; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management; Security & Public Administration Policies; Tourism & Recreation
Regulatory Review and Development: Consider Regulations for Catch & Release Trolling This plan seeks to reduce or eliminate catch-and-release fishing in many fragile areas. First an assessment must be conducted to measure the effects of catch-and -release trolling. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Contact Uses; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Regulatory Review and Development: Ensure Consistency Among Fishing Regulations Consistency will improve administrative and regulatory coordination between fisheries regulatory agencies. This involves using a protocol for drafting and revising fisheries regulations in order to implement a consistent set of regulations throughout the protected reef area. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Harvest; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies; Security Policies
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Bait Fishing and/or Catch & Release Trolling Regulations This option seeks to reduce or eliminate bait fishing, and catch & release trolling in fragile areas. First assessments must be conducted to measure the effects of bait fishing and catch & release trolling. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Contact Uses; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Coral Touching Regulations Currently touching, removing, damaging, distributing, and injuring any living or dead coral or coral formation is prohibited in Sanctuary Preservation Areas and Ecological Reserves. An investigation will be conducted to consider extending this prohibition to high-use, sensitive and vulnerable areas. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Beaches & Nature Parks; Contact Uses; Coral; Decision Support; Dredging Regulations; Physical Damage; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Trampling
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Channel & Reef Navigation Markers This option would evaluate the need for proper marking to ensure better navigation. There are many types of markers, including buoys, charts, beacons, and GPS mapping. Such markers can also be used to advocate prohibition on vessel speeds greater than idle speed in areas designated as idle-speed only/no-wake and around shallow reef locations. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Beach & Land Formation; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Coastal Development; Contact Uses; Cultural Services; Culture; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Dredging Regulations; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Provisioning Services; Public Administration; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Security & Public Administration Policies; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling; Transportation Policies; Water Depth & Sea Level; Water Resources; Water Transportation
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Fishing Gear/Fishing Methods Regulations In most regions there are already regulations that prohibit fishing methods that incorporate explosives, poisons, oil, and bleach. Further investigation may reveal additional methods, materials, or gear that should be prohibited as well. Regulations should aim to increase the use of low-impact gear (#194) in place of more destructive gear and methods. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Cochrane, K.L., editor. 2002. A Fishery Manager's Guidebook. Management Measures and their application. Fisheries Technical Paper 424, FAO, Rome.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Biological Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Decision Support; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Invertebrate Harvest; Live Collection; Physical Damage; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Security & Public Administration Policies; Toxics; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Artificial Reef Regulations Discharge/depositing of materials and constructions on the seabed are both prohibited without permits, regulating the construction of new artificial reefs. Likewise, existing artificial reefs are protected through permit requirements for any alternation of the seabed. There are still further considerations for protecting artificial reefs. Artificial reef materials and construction choices are very important and may change based on the specific location and desired impacts. An artificial reef to attract recreational fishing differs from one for recreational divers or shoreline storm protection. Many artificial reefs were formally large ships, oil rigs or other types of waste that have been decommissioned and would be too large and expensive to dismantle on land. In these cases it is important to put restrictions on the sinking process to ensure there won�t be any type of chemical leakage and that the structure is stable on the seabed. (#189) (#190) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2007. National Artificial Reef Plan: Guidelines for Siting, Construction, Development, and Assessment of Artificial Reefs. US Department of Commerce.

NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Artificial Habitat; Coastal Defense; Contact Uses; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Dredging Regulations; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Large Ships; Oil & Gas Industry; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Recreational Fishing; Solid Waste Disposal; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management; Waterborne Discharges
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Dredging Regulations Dredging is oftentimes prohibited with certain exceptions. Dredging regulation often falls under other controls over the alteration of the seabed, discharging or depositing materials. At times dredging is necessary for navigation or other activities, necessitating .permitting mechanisms for allowing otherwise prohibited activities. Revising the regulations to help eliminate negative dredge-and-fill activities within a certain distance of corals would be beneficial because it would help promote the reestablishment of sensitive benthic communities. Reservoirs may require periodic dredging to remove sediment that may have collected. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Beach & Land Formation; Beaches & Nature Parks; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Hydrologic Management; Mining; Mining Policies; Physical Damage; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Sand & Rock Production; Security & Public Administration Policies; Special Use Permitting; Substrate; Transportation; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Water Transportation
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Fish Feeding Regulations Divers in FL are already prohibited from fish feeding. Further review may show a need to prohibited anyone in state water from feeding fish. There will need to be investigations on the biological and behavioral impacts of fish feeding. This investigation can be used to keep the status quo, or may encourage further regulations. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Addition; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Contact Uses; Cultural Policies; Cultural Services; Culture; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Education & Information; Educational & Research Opportunities; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Recreational Fishing; Scientific Research; Supplemental Feeding; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Regulatory Review and Development: Develop Mobile Source Discharge Controls Pollution discharge controls regulate where different types of discharges are allowed and what acceptable quantities released are. Typically discharge controls target point sources in the form of effluent pipes (#280), but discharges also occur from mobile sources such as boats and ships. There may need to be revisions on where depositing fish, fish parts, bait, cooling water, engine exhaust, deck wash, and effluent can be released. In many areas, these items are often excluded as prohibited, and they should possibly be included. Pollution discharge controls are different from Water Quality Standards (#22) which set acceptable environmental limits and leave it up to the manager to meet those criteria. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Artisanal Fishing; Ballast Discharge; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Chemical Variables; Coastal Engineering; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Cruise Ships; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Docks & Marinas; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Large Ships; Littering; Oil & Gas Tankers; Physical Damage; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Fishing; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Vessel Grounding Regulations In many areas, there are already regulations that target prop scarring to seagrasses and the seabed. Current boat grounding regulations should be evaluated to determine if additional regulations would be beneficial. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Coastal Development; Contact Uses; Cruise Ships; Cultural Services; Culture; Decision Support; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Physical Damage; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Security & Public Administration Policies; Security Policies; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Transportation; Water Resources; Water Transportation; Wetlands
Regulatory Review and Development: Change Personal Watercraft & Other Small Vessels Practices This activity would aim to reduce noise and pollution, and conflicts among PWC users, the resources, and Sanctuary users. Practices could be changed through requiring certain training to drive such vessels, or restricting which types can be used in designated coastal areas. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Contact Uses; Designated Uses; Physical Damage; Recreational Fishing; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Water Transportation
Resource Use Management: Fisheries Management Enforcement Marine protected areas and other types of coastal zone management areas have fisheries management policies that must be enforced in addition to the broader Statues, Regulation and Permit Requirements (#91). Illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing is a major problem worldwide. Management area policies must be enforced to have an impact on the fisheries stock. Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Commercial Fisheries; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Live Collection; Marine Protected Areas; Mitigation; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Public Administration; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Security Policies; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Resource Use Management: Seasonal Fisheries and Harvesting Finfish and shellfish stocks may be more or less susceptible to fishing pressures during certain times of the year. This may be due to seasonality of recruitment and/or changes in food/predation pressures. If fishing restrictions may be more successful if this seasonality is taken into consideration and fishing pressure adjusted accordingly. Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Artisanal Fishing; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Commercial Fisheries; Corallivorous Fish; Decision Support; Echinoderms; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Live Collection; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Products; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Permitting & Zoning; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Small Herbivorous Fish; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Resource Use Management: Develop Live Collection Regulations Live collection is often more destructive than capture of food fishes because of the destructive methods used to remove live fish and invertebrates from the reef habitat. These methods include use of cyanide and explosives. Current methods should be assessed and alternatives should be developed or collection prohibited. World Resource Institute International Marinelife Alliance, editor. 1997. Sullied Seas. WRI, Washington D.C.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Educational & Research Opportunities; Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Live Collection; Marine Products; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Physical Damage; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Sponges; Toxics; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Resource Use Management: Develop Regulations for Sponge Fisheries Sponges play a vital role on reefs, providing structure, food and filtration. Depending on the method of removal, this process can be very destructive to other reef fauna and habitat. Research is needed to compare impacts of different sponge fishing methods in different areas. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boring Sponges; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Culture; Cyanobacteria; Educational & Research Opportunities; Encrusting Sponges; Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Live Collection; Marine Products; Microorganisms; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Physical Damage; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Tube, Barrel, & Finger Sponges
Resource Use Management: Develop Water Efficiency Initiatives Reducing water use through cost effective water efficiency improvements can be beneficial as it reduces pressure on water as a finite resource and saves money. There are several ways water efficiency can be promoted. Some Water Efficiency BMPs recommended by the EPA include: Water Management Planning; Information and Education Programs; Distribution System Audits, Leak Detection and Repair; Water-Efficient Landscaping, Water-Efficient Irrigation; Toilets and Urinals; Faucets and Showerheads; Boiler/Steam Systems; Single-Pass Cooling Equipment; Cooling Tower Management; Commercial Kitchen Equipment; Laboratory/ Medical Equipment; Other Water Intensive Processes; Alternative Water Sources. One of the ways the US government has promoted Water Efficiency Initiatives is through Executive order 13123 which places certain water use reduction requirements on Federal Agencies. There are also existing funding and incentives for non-government sectors. Project funding comes in many forms, such as appropriations, energy savings performance contract (ESPC) and Utility Energy Service Contract (UESCs) programs; ratepayer incentive programs such as rebates from public benefit funds or utilities; and the retention of energy and water cost savings. US Department of Energy. 2008. Establishing Baseline and Meeting Water Conservation Goals of Executive Order 13423.

Environmental Protection Agency. Federal Water Efficiency Best Management Practices. Federal Energy Management Program Accessed 7/12/2011.

Agriculture; Collaboration & Partnering; Designated Uses; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Environmental Education & Outreach; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Hydrologic Management; Irrigation; Landscaping & Household Services; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Resource Use Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Textiles & Apparel; Utilities; Utility Policies; Water; Water Resources; Water Utilities Policies; Waterborne Discharges
Resource Use Management: Designated Uses The water quality standards regulation requires that States and Tribes specify appropriate water uses to be achieved and protected. Appropriate uses are identified by taking into consideration the use and value of the water body for public water supply, for protection of fish, shellfish, and wildlife, and for recreational, agricultural, industrial, and navigational purposes. In designating uses for a water body, States and Tribes examine the suitability of a water body for the uses based on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the water body, its geographical setting and scenic qualities, and economic considerations. Each water body does not necessarily require a unique set of uses. Instead, the characteristics necessary to support a use can be identified so that water bodies having those characteristics can be grouped together as supporting particular uses. The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) the Tour Opperators' Iniative (TOI) and The Center for Environmental Leadership in Business (CELB). 2003. A Practical Guide to Good Practice: Managing Environmental Impacts In The Marine Recreation Sector.

Environmental Protection Agency. What are Water Quality Standards? Designated Uses. Water: Water Quality Standards Accessed 7/12/2011.

Contact Uses; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Food & Raw Materials; Marine Products; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Political Pressure; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Security & Public Administration Policies; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Water Resources; Water Transportation
Resource Use Management: Marine Heritage Resource Protections This management option involves protecting underwater items/sites that have historical, cultural, archaeological, or paleontological significance. This response advocates permits for action that may degrade the resource. This can be accomplished through creating an MHR field unit, monitoring MHR site degradation, and evaluating excavation and mitigation techniques. Field units can help conduct field research and coordinated, permitted research activities. Experts relating to archaeological research underwater can also be hired with additional funding. Through evaluation of excavation techniques, new technologies can be suggested such as: turbidity screens, sediment removal equipment, and seagrass restoration/relocation protocols to lead to less disturbance. Inventory and decision tools can also be used in the aid of Maritime Heritage Resource protection. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ecosystem Services; Educational & Research Opportunities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Mitigation; Physical Damage; Pipelines; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Security & Public Administration Policies; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Valuation; Wetlands
Resource Use Management: Fisheries Catch Quotas Quotas designate the Total Allowable Catch (TAC) allocated to an operating unit such as a country, a vessel, a company or an individual fisherman (individual quota) depending on the system of allocation. Quotas may or may not be transferable, inheritable, and tradable. While generally used to allocate total allowable catch, quotas could be used also to allocate fishing effort or biomass. Seas At Risk. 2009. Moving Towards Low Impact Fisheries In Europe Policy Hurdles & Actions.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Apex Fish Predators; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Raw Materials; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Live Collection; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Products; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Snails & Conch; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Resource Use Management: Prevent Introduction of Invasive Species Preventing the introduction of invasive species involves public awareness of the invasive species, minimizing modes and prone areas for invasion, and detecting small populations for early eradication. Some common modes of terrestrial transportation include livestock and domestic animals, mowing equipment, and firewood. Clean equipment before transport to a new location. Remove soil from plants, and plant bare-root. Use high grade seed and weed free livestock feeds. Reduce opportunities for invasive plants by keeping native plant populations strong and healthy and seeding in cover crops to reduce barren soil. Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Ballast Discharge; Biological Addition; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharge Limitations; Environmental Education & Outreach; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Invasive Species; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landscaping & Household Services; Manufacturing & Trade; Transportation; Water Transportation
Restoration: Beach Renourishment and Nourishment Beaches are subject to natural accretion and erosion. Tourism is often best supported by wide, accessible, public sandy beaches. Beaches can be restored to counteract natural erosion by transporting large quantities of sand onto the beach. This sand often comes from nearby dredging. Caution should be used when restoring long sections of beaches, as often the area above the mean high tide line is littoral, or privately owned, and restoration of these beaches can impact these property rights, see "Stop the Beach Renourishment, Inc. v. Florida Department of Environmental Protection (2010) U.S. Supreme Court decision." Beach protection or nourishment offers an alternative to this often expensive and abrupt type of renourishment, nourishment involves practices which encourage coastal accretion and discourage erosional forces. See "Florida's Beach and Shore Preservation Act" for some restrictions on this. NOAA Coastal Services Center. Beach Nourishment: A Guide for Local Government Officials. Coastal Services Center Accessed 6/17/2011.

Beach & Land Formation; Beaches & Nature Parks; Culture; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Recreational Opportunities; Shoreline Armoring; Shoreline Protection; Sunscreen Use; Tourism & Recreation
Restoration: Restore Reef Habitat and Salvage Benthic Inhabitants Injured by Physical Damage This management approach involves salvaging, maintenance, and re-stabilization or injured resources by management staff and private contractors in order to rescue and provide first aid following physical damage such as vessel groundings. This can be achieved using Reef Medics and other volunteer programs because these groups have experience with vessel navigation and operation, snorkeling, and SCUBA diving. Also, it allows for researchers to collect living coral material when relocation of such organisms is not possible. Salvage and re-stabilization is not limited to the living coral; octocorals, seagrasses, and the non-living framework may all be damaged of destabilized from groundings or other physical impacts. In addition to the habitat's structural integrity, it is important to re-establish aesthetics and ecological functionality. Funds from mitigation and case settlements should be used for this work, as long term costs of restoration and monitoring can be extensive. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collier, C., Dodge, R., Gilliiam, Gracie, K., Gregg, L., Jaap, W., Mastry, M., and Poulos, N. 2007. Rapid Response and Restoration for coral reef injuries in the southeest Florida. Southeast Florida Coral Reef Initiative.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Activities; Coastal Engineering; Collaboration & Partnering; Contact Uses; Coral; Cultural Policies; Cultural Services; Culture; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Octocoral; Physical Damage; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Security & Public Administration Policies; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Water Transportation; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands
Restoration: Land Reclamation Integrating Toxic Discharge Controls This option aims to eliminate unsightly residues, reduce erosion and control acid or otherwise toxic aqueous discharges from abandoned coal mines, coalmine waste or other types of land change. For toxic mine drainage, preventative actions include mine sealing, infiltration control, day lighting, and neutralization with alkaline material such as hydrated lime. Which action to take relies heavily on groundwater and runoff in the region of the mine. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Aquaculture; Coal Mining; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Hydrologic Management; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining; Mining Policies; Non-point Source Controls; Ocean Acidity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges
Restoration: Work with public outreach coordinator to inform the public about habitat restoration activities This response involves restoration teams providing information, photos, and videos to be used in press release, TV and radio, and magazine articles to inform the public about restoration projects for corals. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Broadcasting, Publishing, & Libraries; Cultural Policies; Culture; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Infrastructure; Internet & Telecommunications; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Socio-Economic Drivers; Utilities; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Restoration: Environmental Remediation Environmental Remediation is a type of restoration that's focus ranges from Brownfields to Oil Spills to Hazardous Waste Sites. These restoration activities aim to restore the site to a previous condition, or to a condition that is not a threat to human health or other forms of life. Several standards can be used to determine when remediation is necessary and to what extent the environment should be restores. Biocriteria can be used to determine the degree of degradation to biological components of the site. Often it is the presence of a particular pollutant in the soil, water or air, which is above acceptable limits and will not degrade fast enough over a short period of time and therefore must be removed. Physical and chemical water quality criteria can be used to set maximum acceptable limits of water quality parameters. Air quality criteria can be used to set acceptable maximum and minimum air standards for remediation. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. 2005. Contaminated Sediment Remediation Guidance for Hazardous Waste Sites. EPA-540-R-05-012, US Environmental Protection Agency.

Environment Protection Authority. EPA Guidelines for Environmental management of on-site remediation. Environment Protection Authority, Adelaide, Australia.

Applied Chemicals; Biocriteria; City Planning; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Health; Health Policies; Landuse Management; Littering; Manufacturing & Trade; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Military; Mining; Mining Policies; Mitigation; Monetary Valuation; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Pipelines; Point Source Discharges; Public Administration; Remediation; Security; Solid Waste Disposal; Supporting Services; Toxics; Valuation; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Restoration: Removal of Invasive Algae Benthic organisms on reefs maintain a delicate balance competing for space. In many areas, the competition between coral and algae has fallen out of balance due to confounding factors. Factors such as decreased herbivorous fish and invertebrates, and invasive algae species have allowed faster growing algae to take over many reefs, often growing into smothering mats that cover and kill coral. In Hawaii, there has been some success physically removing invasive algae such as Kappaphycus using underwater vacuums extended down from barges or volunteer events in shallower areas. The Nature Conservancy. 2010.Two Million Pounds of Invasive Algae Removed From Maunalua Bay.

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Algae; Aquaculture; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Calcareous Macroalgae; Collaboration & Partnering; Coral; Coralline Algae; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Hydrocoral; Invasive Species; Large Herbivorous Fish; Octocoral; Reef Habitat; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Turf Algae; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Zooxanthellae
Restoration: Beach Vegatation Restoration Natural beaches are often host to important costal dune ecosystems. Due to tourism, much of the vegetation that comprises these dune ecosystems may be compromised. The natural vegetation provides an important ecosystem service, with roots providing deep stabilization against physical damage and removal of that sand. Without such vegetation sand and dunes can be completely washed away during hurricanes and other surge events. The dunes themselves offer some protection to nearby inland infrastructure during these same storm events. When the beach past the dunes is for public access it is beneficial to build raised walk-overs over the dune vegetation. This prevents trampling, which leads to dune blowouts. Natural Resources Conservation Service, editor. 2007. Native Plants for Coastal Dune Restoration: What, When, and How for Florida. US Department of Agriculture.

Beaches & Nature Parks; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Culture; Deforestation & Devegetation; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Invasive Species; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Physical Damage; Regulating Services; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Restoration: Land Reclamation Integrating Landslide Treatments This management option is exercised to prevent down slope movement of earthen materials, including natural soils, and spoil/waste from mining or forestry activities. Extreme caution and planning must be exercised before permitting any personnel, equipment or other machinery into the slide area. An experienced engineer should analyze the stability of the site both before and after alterations are made to evaluate stability. Water Control: sources of water that enter the area can be controlled to keep the material dry, as it is typically more stable when dry. Loading Control: where appropriate, consider removing excess material from upper portions of the slide area to reduce slide mass. Slope Reduction: where practice, use grading to reduce the slope of the slide area. Increasing Internal Strength: consider the impact of removing and recompacting of material at designed levels of moisture and with biotechnical slope stabilization practices. External Restraints: external restraints can be used where slope movements must be limited due to surrounding valued improvements (e.g. structures), where manipulation of the material may not achieve desired improvements. External restraints must be designed to prevent overturning, sliding at or below the base, and bearing failure of the foundation. Vegetative Treatment: deep rooted grasses and shrubs with proven performance in soil bioengineering applications can be planted using selected soil bioengineering or biotechnical slope stabilization techniques appropriate to the site. Transpiration and infiltration should be considered when choosing vegetation. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Forestry; Infrastructure; Insurance; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mining; Mining Policies; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment
Stormwater BMPs: Biological Stormwater Filtration This method attempts to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff through implementing engineering techniques that allow natural processes and plants to act as filters. Such techniques would include using grass parking and turf covered swales. Many of these techniques, such as reversed elevations for planted areas in parking lots, can demonstrate benefits both as natural filters and for the vegetation that are used since it eliminates the need to water them with irrigation systems. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Basic Biofiltration Swale. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Bioretention System. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Constructed Wetland. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Filter Strips. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Reversed Elevations System for Parking Lots and Planting Areas. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Riparian Forest Buffer. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Roadway Landscape Treatment System. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Wet Biofiltration Swale. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Wet Pond Design. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Wet Swale. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Water Environment Research Foundation, American Society of Civil Engineers, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Highway Administration, American Public Works Association, editor. 2008. Overview of Performance by BMP Category and Common Pollutant Type. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database [1999-2008].

Leisenring, M., Clary, J., Stephenson, J., and Hobson, P. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database Pollutant Category Summary: Nutrients. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc.

Applied Chemicals; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Climate; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Golf Course Operations; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Primary Production; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Substrate; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Utilities; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges
Stormwater BMPs: Rainwater Collection Systems Creating a rainwater collection system (either through policy change or the initiative of homeowners) would help in many ways. These systems would utilize water in an efficient manner. It would reduce the pressure of water as a finite resource. Water would be collected and utilized before it reaches the ground. Once rain falls to the ground, it picks up nutrients, chemicals, and pathogens on the ground and transports them in the form of runoff. Eventually this contaminated stormwater runoff enters water resources through the drainage basin. Collecting a considerable amount of water would prevent contamination of that water, and allow for it to be usable. Also, it would reduce the amount of water that is lost when it is contaminated as runoff. An overall reduced amount of stormwater runoff would reduce the amount of contaminants that would harm corals. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Cisterns used for water harvesting. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/18/2011.

Leisenring, M., Clary, J., Stephenson, J., and Hobson, P. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database Pollutant Category Summary: Nutrients. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc.

Applied Chemicals; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Climate; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Drinking Water Supply; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Shelter; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Water Utilities Policies; Waterborne Discharges
Stormwater BMPs: Stormwater Pollution Reduction Through Instituting Preventitive Best Management Practices This method focuses on reducing the amount of harmful contaminants in stormwater runoff by establishing Best Management Practices that prevent the generation of the pollutant to begin with. These BMPs include educational programs, infrastructure improvements and agricultural BMPs. Examples of educational programs would be programs that educate the public on the importance of, and how to avoid depositing hazardous wastes, such as oil, into storm drains, or how to use landscape management controls to limit the chemical and debris that from enter stormwater runoff from their personal lawns. Infrastructure improvement could include the use of alternative turnarounds and street cleaning. Agricultural practices such as roofs and covers for pesticides and equipment, or use of bedding are both preventative stormwater practices. Some additional specific practices include: controlling fertilizer application, properly using and disposing of fertilizers, pesticides, motor oil, and other harmful chemicals, debris removal, exposure reduction, minimization of pollutants, parking lot cleaning, stormwater catch basin insert, eliminate curbs and gutters, green parking, green roofs, street design and patterns, bedding. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

US EPA. Alternative Turnarounds. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011.

US EPA. Eliminate Curbs and Gutters. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011.

US EPA. Green Parking. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011.

US EPA. Green Roofs. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011.

US EPA. Street Design and Patterns. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/25/2011.

Irrigation Association. 2010. Turf and Landscape Irrigation Best Management Practices.

Agriculture; Applied Chemicals; Chemical Use Regulations; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Environmental Education & Outreach; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Housing; Hydrologic Management; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Mining; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Industry; Road Construction & Maintenance; Security & Public Administration Policies; Shelter; Solid Waste Disposal; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Supporting Services; Toxics; Utilities; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges
Stormwater BMPs: Structural Stormwater Infiltration This management option attempts to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff through implementation of engineering structures that control the volume of surface water, facilitating faster absorption of the stormwater into the ground. Often these structures are able to infiltrate larger amounts of water faster while reducing exposure to surface sediments and pollutants. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Combined Infiltration/Detention Basin. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Leisenring, M., Clary, J., Stephenson, J., and Hobson, P. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database Pollutant Category Summary: Nutrients. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc.

Poresky, A., Clary, J., Strecker, E., and Earles, A. 2011. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database. Technical Summary: Volume Reduction. Geosyntec Consultants.

US EPA. EPA Infiltration BMPs. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011.

Applied Chemicals; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Climate; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Drinking Water Supply; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Substrate; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges
Stormwater BMPs: Sustained Reservoir Minimum Release of Minimum Baseflow to Sustain Aquatic Habitat In some regions, even high intensity rivers (e.g. Rio Loco, Puerto Rico) are seasonal, drying for long enough to kill aquatic vegetation. Creating a constant baseflow would help sustain aquatic life and ultimately help to process nutrients. High intensity rivers are already prone to extreme channel erosion from the high flow rates, this erosion is even greater without any benthic biota to hold sediment on the river bottom. Restricting the release of reservoir water to that required to maintain aquatic biota would reduce the intensity of flow, stabilize the river bottom, create habitat and naturally process nutrients that could potentially contribute to eutrophication out on the coral reef. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Algae; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Climate; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Drinking Water Supply; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Hydrologic Management; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical Variables; Point Source Discharges; Pressures; Primary Production; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Regulating Services; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Utilities; Waste Management; Water; Waterborne Discharges; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands
Stormwater BMPs: Biological Stormwater Retention/Detention This method attempts to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff through implementation of natural structures that retain runoff water for further treatment or controlled release. These structures are typically characterized as retention ponds and incorporate natural vegetation such as grass. These ponds may be dry, or may drain into nearby wetlands. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Dry Extended Detention Ponds. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Poresky, A., Clary, J., Strecker, E., and Earles, A. 2011. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database. Technical Summary: Volume Reduction. Geosyntec Consultants.

Applied Chemicals; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Hydrologic Management; Infrastructural Policies; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Primary Production; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Substrate; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges
Stormwater BMPs: Structural Stormwater Retention/Detention This method attempts to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff through implementation of engineering structures that retain runoff water for further treatment or controlled release. Water collection can be selective, targeting the first flush of water, which is typically the most polluted. Water retention has the additional benefit of later release at a place and time when the water is needed (e.g. for irrigation). Rainwater Collection Systems (#11) can be an important water resource in areas where freshwater is limited. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Combined Infiltration/Detention Basin. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Detention Devices for Dry/Wet Ponds. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Dry Extended Detention Ponds. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011.

Leisenring, M., Clary, J., Stephenson, J., and Hobson, P. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database Pollutant Category Summary: Nutrients. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc.

Poresky, A., Clary, J., Strecker, E., and Earles, A. 2011. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database. Technical Summary: Volume Reduction. Geosyntec Consultants.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2010. Stormwater Runoff Controls. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2008. Water and Sediment Control Basin. CODE 638. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Water Volume Management. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/25/2011.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Climate; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical Variables; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Shoreline Armoring; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges
Transportation Policy: Dust Control Application This action is taken to control dust from unpaved roads and other surfaces, which is generated by traffic and/or wind. Some dust control products (palliatives) for application include: water, hydroscopic palliatives, adhesive, petroleum emulsion, polymer emulsion, clay additive, and bituminous. There are specific considerations for application of each, including seasons and when to use which. For example, hygroscopic palliatives (control dust by absorbing water from the air) shall not be used in arid and semi-arid environments. Calcium chloride and magnesium chloride shall not be used in locations where the daily summertime relative humidity averages below 30%. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Land & Air Transportation; Mining; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Transportation; Transportation Policies
Transportation Policy: Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards The purpose of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAF�) standards is to reduce fuel consumption by increasing the fuel economy of cars and light trucks. NHTSA sets fuel economy standards for cars and light trucks sold in the US while EPA calculates the average fuel economy for each manufacturer. Since the standard only dictates the average fuel economy, manufacturers can sell vehicles with higher or lower fuel economy than the standard. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE). Accessed 8/11/2011.

Atmospheric Emissions; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Climate; Climate Regulation; CO2; Energy Policy & Development; Food & Energy Policies; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Land & Air Transportation; Manufacturing & Trade; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Non-Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Ocean Acidity; Oil & Gas Industry; Provisioning Services; Regulating Services; Resource Use Management; Supporting Services; Transportation; Transportation Policies
Wastewater Pollutants Impacts: Wastewater Pollutant Monitoring and Impact Studies Potential approaches to this management option include experimental studies, eutrophication gradient studies, comparative studies of impacted and non-impacted sites, historical studies, geography comparison, use of biochemical and ecological indicators, use of sewage tracers, and high-frequency and spatially intensive water quality sampling. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Chemical Variables; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Health Policies; Infrastructure; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Environment; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Pressures; Public Administration; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Socio-Economic Drivers; Utilities; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges
Water Quality Management: Treating Effluent Water Through Wetlands Additional treatment of sewage is often a necessary management option because secondary treatment alone leaves 20,000 times more nutrients in the water than the safe limit for corals. High concentrations of nutrients in the water leads to eutrophication, and coral reefs are more sensitive to nutrient enrichment than any other coastal system. Wetlands are extremely successful at reducing nitrogen levels in water. Using natural wetlands or "living machines" to perform this task can actually be more cost effective than further sewage treatment. Each successive wetland treatment cell of the series can provide incredible levels of denitrification, and thus protect corals from nutrient enrichment. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2003. Waste Treatment Lagoon. CODE 359. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture.

Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Primary Production; Security & Public Administration Policies; Sewage Treatment; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands
Water Quality Management: Pet Waste Cleanup Ordinance & Education In residential areas, pet waste can contributes to the large amount of nutrients and pathogens that enter the water through stormwater runoff. This is especially useful in regions such as Gu�nica, Puerto Rico where there are a lot of stray dogs. Education for pet-owners and possible ordinance would help decrease harmful pathogens reaching corals through stormwater runoff and reduce eutrophication. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. Animal Waste Collection. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/18/2011.

Clary, J., Leisenring, M., and Jeray, J. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database. Pollutant Category Summary: Fecal Indicator Bacteria. Wright Water Engineers.

Aquarium & Pet Trade; Biological Addition; Chemical Variables; Cultural Policies; Cultural Services; Culture; Cyanobacteria; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Domestic Animal Waste; Environmental Education & Outreach; Health; Health Policies; Invasive Species; Landscaping & Household Services; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Shelter; Solid Waste Disposal; Stormwater Management; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Water; Water Resources; Water Utilities Policies; Waterborne Discharges
Water Quality Management: Reduce Pollution & Discharges from Marinas & Live-Aboards This management option strives to reduce and eliminate the discharge of wastewater and pollution within zones near corals. In many instances, "no-discharge" zones already exist and are simply poorly enforced. In other instances the discharge limits are not stringent enough. Successful regulation requires marinas to be equipped with the proper infrastructure to support transfer of wastewater from vessels to shore-side for treatment. This infrastructure includes: pump-out facilities and mobile pump-out services. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Biological Addition; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Coastal Engineering; Cyanobacteria; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Docks & Marinas; Health; Health Policies; Marine Debris; Microorganisms; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Pathogens; Physical Damage; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sewage Treatment; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges
Water Quality Management: Protection of Resources from Hazardous Materials & Spills Wherever possible, take actions to decrease the likelihood of hazardous materials spills near corals. Even when risks are reduced significantly, spills may still occur, necessitating contingency plans (#56). In order for reef managers to stay informed of the latest spills/updates, a spill-reporting system should be established along with a geo-referenced database that keeps track of all spills within a certain distance of reefs. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Puerto Rico and USVI Area Planning Committees. 2008. Hazardous Substances Pollution Area Contingency Plan. Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin islands.

USCG. 2007. Hazardous Substances Pollution Area Contingency Plan. Florida Keys.

Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Energy Policy & Development; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Large Ships; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Small Boats; Toxics; Transportation; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges
Water Quality Management: Refine Pest Spraying Program This strategy aims to reduce the amount of pesticides that could potentially enter the water from spraying for pests such as mosquitoes. A site-specific combination of pest prevention, pest avoidance, pest monitoring, and pest suppression strategies (PAMs) should be used. Aerial spraying is often used only when the mosquito concentration reaches a specific threshold. The mosquito spraying strategy would review the aerial spraying threshold to see if it could be raised, to reduce frequency of use. Refining spraying technologies would be advocated to see if newer techniques/technologies would possibly reduce the amount of pesticides released over water. For identified water quality concerns related to pesticide leaching, solution runoff and adsorbed runoff, the current version of the USDA-NRCS WIN-PST program should be used to evaluate potential risks to humans and/or fish, as appropriate, for each pesticide to be used. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2010. Integrated Pest Management (IPM). CODE 595. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Chemical Use Regulations; Chemical Variables; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Landscaping & Household Services; Non-point Source Controls; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security & Public Administration Policies; Shelter; Toxics
Water Quality Management: Landfill & Solid Waste Disposal Site Assessment Strategy This option seeks to reduce/eliminate pollution from leaching at landfill sites. High risk, old landfill sites that may have hazardous waste must be identified. Once identified, monitoring at these landfills should be intensified to insure leaching does not occur into marine systems. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Chemical Variables; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Health; Health Policies; Littering; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Public Administration; Remediation; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies; Solid Waste Disposal; Toxics; Utilities; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies
Water Quality Plans: Reducing Pollution Discharges from Marinas and Live-Aboards This plan strives to reduced pollution discharges through more strictly enforcing already-existing regulations for discharging. This includes enforcing regulations that restrict boaters from releasing sewage into state waters and requiring connecting toilets to shore-side plumbing. Also, this entails enforcing "no-discharge" zones where live-aboard vessels congregate or where there is history of violation issues with sewage release. The third component to this plan would be to develop and education plan to educate boaters on how/why to reduce pollution from their vessels. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

US EPA. 2011. Vessel General Permit Fact Sheet.

2005. Brightwork: Best Management Practices Manual for Maine's Boatyards and Marinas.

Biological Addition; Contact Uses; Cultural Policies; Culture; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Entertainment & Accommodation Services; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fishing Sector; Food & Raw Materials; Health; Health Policies; Infrastructure; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Pressures; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Sewage Treatment; Socio-Economic Drivers; Tourism & Recreation; Utilities; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges
Water Quality Plans: Resource Monitoring of Surface Discharges This strategy will identify the impacts of point-source discharges by requiring all National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System dischargers to develop monitoring programs. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Health; Health Policies; Infrastructure; Physical & Chemical Environment; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Pressures; Public Administration; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies; Socio-Economic Drivers; Utilities; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges
Waterway Management: Waterway Management/Marking Plan Proper waterway markings provide coherent guidance for boats. Clearly-marked waterway exits and entrances reduce the probability of damage to reefs from boat gear damage, boat movement, trampling, and ballast discharge. Waterway marking can be achieved through surveying damage from propeller scarring and vessel groundings, enhancing channel marking aids, assessing the effectiveness of channel marking, and through removing waterway obstructions. "Hotspots" where many incidents have been reported should be considered for further marking, especially those that are in high use areas. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Contact Uses; Decision Support; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Physical Damage; Resource Use Management; Trampling; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Water; Water Transportation
Waterway Management: Control River Volume Using Dams and Resevoirs Constructing dams and creating reservoirs can have many affects, both positive and negative. Like smaller scale structural stormwater retention (#263), this management option retains groundwater for later controlled release. On this scale, the creation of a reservoir may require flooding of an area behind the dam that had other uses (e.g. agriculture). Proper vegetation can be used in and around the reservoir to incorporate biological filtration (#261). Slowing the release of water into rivers reduces the intensity of flow, reducing channel erosion. However, water should still be released consistently to allow for aquatic habitat to be maintained on the river bottom (#8). Lastly, with the correct infrastructure, a dam can be used as a sustainable hydroelectric energy source. Morris, G.L., Fan, J. 1998. Reservoir Sedimentation Handbook: Design and management of dams, reservoirs, and watersheds for sustainable use. Ver. 1.04 edition. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.

Environmental Protection Agency. 2007. National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Hydromodification. EPA 841-B-07-002, Office of Water, Washington, DC.

Civil Engineering & Construction; Climate; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Energy Policy & Development; Hydrologic Management; Improved Technology; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical Variables; Point Source Discharges; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Water; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands
Waterway Management: Manage Canal Water Quality This management option addresses water quality issues that may arise from nearshore, confined areas, specifically dead-end canals. This management response does not focus on wastewater discharges into canals, but instead on the hydrologic structure and orientation of the canal itself. Physical problems with canal orientation can lead to such problems as low flushing and build-up of weed wrack. This is a problem because the build-up of weed wrack consumes oxygen and releases nutrients as it decays. When combined with low flushing and circulation, dead end canals have decreased oxygen concentrations, accelerated eutrophication, and accumulate organic materials, pollutants and sediment. To improve the current canal system, management can inventory and map canals to identify high risk hotspots and candidates for future canal restoration projects. Canals are typically constructed to best suit the water access needs of local homes and businesses. Preventing high risk canals from being constructed, or placing certain requirements on their construction through permitting is one way to reduce future problem spots. Some design strategies include: Construct non-linear canals without right-angles and flared inlets oriented to prevailing winds. Instead of dead-ends, canals should include a flow through water exchange system or install mechanical pumps. Canals should be as wide as possible in relation to depth and length. Canal depth should be uniform or progressively shallower away from the parent waterbody, with sloping banks (eliminate requirements for navigable depths to shoreline). Some canal improvement strategies include: Implement weed gates, air curtains, and aeration systems. Direct all stormwater and effluent away from canal systems. Reduce bulkheading and restore native vegetative buffers (#1). Promote diversity of substrates and habitats. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Applied Chemicals; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Decision Support; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Docks & Marinas; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Hydrologic Management; Improved Technology; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Physical Damage; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Provisioning Services; Regulating Services; Seawater Flow; Shoreline Armoring; Shoreline Protection; Small Boats; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Transportation; Transportation Policies; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Water Depth & Sea Level; Water Resources; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands
Waterway Management: Mooring Buoy Management Installing mooring buoys is encouraged in order to prevent damage to corals from anchors. Areas that experience a lot of traffic from recreation and fishing will experience damage from vessel groundings and boat gear. Mooring buoys help to minimize damage to corals and at the same time provide access to water resources. Mooring buoys protect as well as lower resource-use conflicts. Mooring buoy management is achieved through maintaining existing mooring buoys; assessing current buoy technology; reviewing visitor-use and boating data; developing sitting criteria; recommending new sites; conducting site assessments; installing additional buoys; and implementing vessel size limits in high-use and sensitive areas. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Altmeier, Bernie. FKNMS Mooring Buoy Mainenance. NOAA: FKNMS Mooring Buoy Manual Accessed 3/23/2011.

The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) the Tour Opperators' Iniative (TOI) and The Center for Environmental Leadership in Business (CELB). 2003. A Practical Guide to Good Practice: Managing Environmental Impacts In The Marine Recreation Sector.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Contact Uses; Cultural Services; Designated Uses; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Physical Damage; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation; Water Resources; Water Transportation
Waterway Management: Boat Access Plan An optimal boat access strategy involves conducting a survey of all public and private boat access points throughout the area. Once entry and exit sites are identified, channel markings can be placed accordingly. An effective strategy must also consider boat access needs, location, and intensity of use. This will help to efficiently mark the waterways so that there can be a reduction in damage to reefs, seagrasses and wetlands. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Artisanal Fishing; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Cultural Policies; Culture; Decision Support; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Landscape Changes; Physical Damage; Public Administration; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Trampling; Transportation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Water; Water Resources; Water Transportation
Waterway Management: Stream Bank Riparian Plantings Planting native vegetation and trees in riparian zones helps to reduce erosion within channels. Such vegetation helps anchor the soil and sediment in place. Planting in riparian zones goes in hand with Remove Previous Canal and Irrigation Infrastructure (#274). This management option can be exercised in streams, canals used for boat passage, stormwater drainage ditches, or in agricultural irrigation channels. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Carbon Storage & Cycling; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Food & Energy Policies; Forestry; Hydrologic Management; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Primary Production; Provisioning Services; Sediment; Stormwater Management; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Transportation; Utilities; Water; Water Resources; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges
Waterway Management: Starting slower releases for longer durations from high-intensity rivers in coastal watershed and other methods of reducing sediment transport Slower releases with longer durations would be an advantage to short, intense releases. This is because current short, high intensity releases from rivers that are in the coastal watershed (like Rio Loco into Lagos Loco and Lucchetti) contributes to additional channel erosion and increase of suspending sediments in the water. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Hydrologic Management; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Light; Point Source Discharges; Pressures; Primary Production; Water; Waterborne Discharges
Waterway Management: Remove Previous Canal and Irrigation Infrastructure Canal and irrigation infrastructure typically includes concrete structures to control the flow of water. These low head dams, bulkheads, concrete footers, and other structures act as constricting forces in channels. This constriction leads to debris becoming lodged and thus changing the erosive forces. In turn, banks become destabilized. Channel erosion then increases along with bed scour and sediment transport. Removing these structures and making banks more gradual has the added benefit of allowing for riparian vegetation to be planted, which acts as a natural buffer. Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Food & Raw Materials; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Physical Damage; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Small Boats; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Transportation; Water; Water Resources; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges
Waterway Management: Collaborate with Projects Changing Water-Flow Other organizations may be performing restorative freshwater projects (Everglades Restoration) or other flow altering projects (e.g. canals for small boats, agricultural irrigation etc) that affect the downstream marine management area (Florida Bay). Projects on the coast that involve hydrologic modifications (such as changing salinity) must be closely monitored in order to protect reef quality. Reefs are very sensitive systems and can only survive in a narrow salinity range. By taking an active role and monitoring freshwater flow projects, management staff can better ensure proper consideration of the impact on coastal marine environments. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. 2010. Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: 2009 System Status Report.

Collaboration & Partnering; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Hydrologic Management; Landscape Changes; Point Source Discharges; Public Administration; Salinity; Security & Public Administration Policies; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges

Laws

Legal Citation Purpose of Law Management Organization Database Topics
25 Virgin Islands Code. Under Title 25, in addition to requirements for boat registration and administration of harbors, among other things, sections pertaining to the mooring and anchoring of vessels and houseboats provide for the protection of important marine resources in USVI waters. The Law requires mandatory boating education and safety courses for all boat operators.

Application to Coral Reefs:Mooring and anchoring are restricted and not allowed near fragile systems. Not anchoring on coral reefs is abig plus of this legislation.

Legislative Actions:Penalties for violation of the Chapter include fines not to exceed $1,000, a lien on the vessel and potential libel suit

Comments:A houseboat or vessel is allowed to moor or anchor only in those areas designated by the Department. Section 404(g) of the legislation lists areas designated as areas of special concern. 		US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US Virgin Islands 		Boating Regulations; Commercial Fishing Boats; Cruise Ships; Environmental Education & Outreach; Large Ships; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Oil & Gas Tankers; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Small Boats; Transportation Policies
25-Year Permits for Maintenance Dredging in Deepwater Ports; Deepwater Ports Maintenance Dredging and Disposal Manual, 62-045 Florida Administrative Code. 62-45.001 Authority, Intent and Policy. (1) This chapter is promulgated under the authority of Sections 403.061(26) and 403.816(1), F.S. (2) It is the intent of this chapter to establish a permitting system for maintenance dredging in deep water commercial navigation areas of the ports listed in Rule 62-45.020, F.A.C. This chapter incorporates standards and criteria which recognize the present most beneficial use of these waters for deep water commercial navigation. Since the implementation of a comprehensive maintenance dredging management plan is a major factor in determining the adequacy of a long-term maintenance dredging program, it is the further intent of this chapter to give a position of prominence to such a plan within this permit system. (3) It is the policy of the Department to provide a regulatory process which will enable the ports to conduct maintenance dredging in an environmentally sound, expeditious and efficient manner.62-45.020 Scope. (1) The permit system established by this chapter applies only to the ports of Ft. Pierce, Jacksonville, Miami, Palm Beach, Panama City, Pensacola, Port Canaveral, Port Everglades, Port Manatee, Port St. Joe, St. Petersburg, and Tampa. (2) The activities which may be included within a permit issued under this chapter are limited to maintenance dredging and disposal of the maintenance dredged material. (3) Applicants for permits under this chapter are limited to the port authorities or private interests using the port for deep water commercial shipping and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Department shall not issue separate permits to the port authority or private interests and the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers when the responsibility of maintenance dredging or the disposal of the maintenance dredged material from the port is shared by any of the parties. The permit, if issued, shall clearly specify the duties and responsibilities of each party. (4) A permit may be issued for any length of time up to 25 years. There shall be no more than one such permit for each of the ports listed in subsection (1). (5) The area within which work under this permit system may take place is limited to the federally maintained, port authority maintained, or private interest maintained navigation channels, turning basins, or harbor berths associated with deep water commercial navigation and associated dredged material disposal sites. Eligible port maintenance dredging areas are depicted on NOS Charts Nos. 11491 (Port of Jacksonville), 11478 (Port Canaveral), 11475 (Fort Pierce Harbor), 11466 (Port of Palm Beach), 11468 (Port of Miami), 11470 (Port Everglades), 11413 (Tampa Bay, Northern Part), 11414 (Tampa Bay, Southern Part), 11393 (Port St. Joe), 11391 (Panama City), and 11383 (Port of Pensacola) on file with the Department and adopted here by reference. Copies are available at cost upon request from the Office of Beaches and Coastal Systems, 3900 Commonwealth Boulevard, MS 300, Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3000.

Application to Coral Reefs:Proper, environmentally sound, dredging and disposal of dredged material, as reviewed by permit processers, will limit the amount of sediment and nutrients released to open water. The process will be particularly applicable to coral reefs for the dredging and disposal of Miiami harbor.

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US State Waters 		Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Large Ships; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Tankers; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sediment
Abandoned Shipwreck Act of 1987, 43 United States Code §§ 2101-2106. To establish title to certain abandoned shipwrecks. U. S. Government asserted three categories of abandoned shipwrecks; embedded in a State's submerged lands, embedded in corralline formations protected by a State on its submerged lands, located on a State's submerged lands and included or determined eligible for inclusion in the National Register of historic Places.

Application to Coral Reefs:The Act requires, but is not limited to, development by NPS of guidelines for States and Federal agencies to develop appropriate and consistant policies to protect national resources and habitat areas, and to provide for public and private sector recovery consistant with historical values and environmental integrety. Corralline structures are specifically protected by the Act.

Legislative Actions:Specific response will vary from Federal agency to Federal agency and State to State.

Comments:The NPS published non-binding, advisory guidelines for States and Federal agencies to establish, review, revise, and implement programs to manage shipwrecks under their ownership or control. The guidance is entitled "Abondoned Shipwreck Act Guidelines."   		National Park Service

Jurisdiction:
United States; US State Waters 		Artificial Habitat; Coral; Designated Uses; Marine Protected Areas; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Wetlands
Administrative fines for damaging State Lands of products thereof, 18-14 Florida Administrative Code. 18-14.003 Violations. It shall be a violation of this rule for any person or the agent of any person to knowingly refuse to comply with any provision of Chapter 253, F.S., willfully violate any provision of Chapter 253, F.S., or to willfully damage state land (the ownership or boundaries of which have been established by the state) or products thereof, by doing any of the following: (1) Fill, excavate, or dredge, including prop dredging in a manner which produces a defined channel, on state land without the lease, license, easement or other form of consent required by the Board. (2) Remove, in violation of state or federal law, any product from state land without written approval or specific exemption from the Board or Department. (3) Discharge contaminants, wastes, effluents, sewage or any other pollutant as defined in Chapter 376 or Chapter 403, F.S., on, under or over state land; when such discharge is in violation of Chapter 403 or conditions of a permit issued pursuant to that chapter, or conditions of a lease or easement issued pursuant to Chapter 253, F.S. - 37 (4) Maintain, place or build permanent or temporary structures, including, but not limited to, additions to existing structures; all structures whose use is not water-dependent; sanitary septic systems; fences, docks and pilings; houses; oil rigs; and utility installations on or over state land without consent or authority from the Board or Department. (5) Place garbage, refuse, or debris on or over state land without approval by the Board or Department. (6) Any other willful act that causes damage to state land, or products thereof, when such activity occurs without the required approval by the Board or Department.

Application to Coral Reefs:Controlling and limiting excavation and dredging, as well as discharge of contaminants, wastes, sewage, and other pollutants will assist in keeping sediment and pollutants from reaching the coral reefs and causing degradation of reef organisms..

Legislative Actions:

Comments:Administrative Fines for Damaging State Lands or Products Thereof 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US State Waters 		Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Ballast Discharge; Coastal Engineering; Commercial Fisheries; Construction Codes & Projects; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Educational & Research Opportunities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Petroleum Spills; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Substrate; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Air Pollution Control, 62-204 Florida Administrative Code (1996). 62-204.100 Purpose and Scope. (1) This chapter establishes maximum allowable levels of pollutants in the ambient air, or ambient air quality standards, necessary to protect human health and public welfare. This chapter also establishes maximum allowable increases in ambient concentrations for subject pollutants to prevent significant deterioration of air quality in areas where ambient air quality standards are being met. It further specifies approved air quality monitoring and modeling methods. (2) In addition, this chapter designates all areas of the state as attainment, nonattainment, or unclassifiable with respect to each pollutant for which ambient air quality standards have been adopted; further designates certain attainment and unclassifiable areas of the state as air quality maintenance areas for particular pollutants; classifies all areas of the state as Class I, Class II, or Class III for determining which set of prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) increments apply; and designates all attainment and unclassifiable areas of the state as one or more PSD areas for determining which pollutant-specific PSD baseline dates apply. This chapter also sets forth procedures for redesignating and reclassifying areas as above. (3) The Department of Environmental Protection adopts this chapter to identify the Florida State Implementation Plan (SIP) required by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to 40 C.F.R. Part 51; to set forth the public notice and hearing requirements that the Department will adhere to for making SIP revisions; and to set forth the definitions, criteria, and procedures that the Department will use to review a federal agency�s general conformity determination, made pursuant to 40 C.F.R. Part 51, Subpart W; and to adopt by reference an interagency memorandum of agreement that the Department will comply with to review any transportation conformity determination, made pursuant to 40 C.F.R. Part 51, Subpart T. The provisions to 40 C.F.R. 51.853 require that a federal agency make a general conformity determination for any federal agency action in a nonattainment or maintenance area, to ensure that such action is consistent with the SIP and that such federal conformity determination be reviewed by the affected state. The provisions of 40 C.F.R. 51.394 require that a transportation conformity determination be made for the adoption, acceptance, approval, or support of certain transportation plans, transportation improvement programs, and transportation projects in nonattainment and maintenance areas for transportation-related criteria pollutants to ensure that such actions are consistent with the SIP. (4) Finally, this chapter adopts and incorporates by reference federal air pollution control regulations which are referenced in whole or in part throughout the Department�s air pollution control rules.

Application to Coral Reefs:By reducing emmissions to air, particularly carbon dioxide, the pH of ocean waters will not be reduced and that is a direct benefit to coral reefs, since a reduction in pH is believed to be detrimental to corals.

Legislative Actions:The Chapter designates all areas of the state as attainment, nonattainment, or unclassified with respect to each pollutant for which ambient air quality standards have benn adopted.

Comments:This chapter establishes maximum allowable levels of pollutants in the ambient air, or ambient air quality standards, necessary to protect human health and public welfare. This chapter also establishes maximum allowable increases in ambient concentrations for subject pollutants to prevent significant deterioration of air quality in areas where ambient air quality standards are being met. It further specifies approved air quality monitoring and modeling methods. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
 Atmospheric Emissions; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Chemical Use Regulations; CO2; Commercial Fishing Boats; Cruise Ships; Energy Policy & Development; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Land & Air Transportation; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Non-Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Oil & Gas Tankers; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Primary Production; Resource Use Management; Transportation Policies; Wetlands; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Amendment to the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Regulations revising the boundary of the northernmost area to be avoided off the coast of Florida, Federal Register § Volume 65, Number226 (2000). NOAA, in conjunction with the US Coast Guard, proposed to revise the northernmost area to be avoided (ATBA) off the coast of the Florida Keys. The change was expected to increaase maritime safety and to avoid harm to the marine environment and its resources.

Application to Coral Reefs:The amendments directly protect coral reefs because the change of the nothernmost area presented in the regulation as Area To Be Avoided resulted in large vessels not entering the area that had been the site of large vessel groundings.

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in conjunction with the US Coast Guard

Jurisdiction:
US Coral Reefs; State Coastal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boat Movement; Civil Engineering & Construction; Commercial Fishing Boats; Coral; Cruise Ships; Fish; Large Ships; Oil & Gas Tankers; Physical Damage; Reef Inhabitants; Transportation Policies; Water Transportation
Amendment to the U.S. Caribbean Fishery Management Plans, Code of Federal Regulations § 600 and 622. NMFS issues this final rule to implement a comprehensive amendment prepared by the Caribbean Fishery Management Council (Council) to amend its Reef Fish, Spiny Lobster, Queen Conch, and Coral Fishery Management Plans (FMPs). The comprehensive amendment is designed to ensure the FMPs are fully compliant with the provisions of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act). This final rule redefines the fishery management units for the FMPs; establishes seasonal closures; imposes gear restrictions and requirements; revises requirements for marking pots and traps; and prohibits the filleting of fish at sea. In addition, the comprehensive amendment establishes biological reference points and stock status criteria; establishes rebuilding schedules and strategies to end overfishing and rebuild overfished stocks; provides for standardized collection of bycatch data; minimizes bycatch and bycatch mortality to the extent practicable; designates essential fish habitat (EFH) and EFH habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs); and minimizes adverse impacts on such habitat to the extent practicable. The intended effect of this final rule is to achieve optimum yield in the fisheries and provide social and economic benefits associated with maintaining healthy stocks.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protects coral reefs in the USVI and Puerto Rico from overfishing reef resources, specifically reef fish, lobster, and queen conch taking. It establishs seasonal closures, restrictions on the gear used, lists areas of specific biological reference points, and has a schedule and strategy for restocking fishery resources.

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Marine Fisheries Service

Jurisdiction:
US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico 		Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Commercial Fisheries; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates; Recreational Fishing; Reef Inhabitants
American Antiquities Act of 1906, 16 United States Code §§ 431-433. The Act provides penalties for unauthorized collection, excavation, or destruction of historic or prehistoric ruins, monuments, or objects of antiquity on lands owned or controlled by the United States. It authorized that areas of extrodinary geographical, historical , aesthetic value can be designated national monuments.

Application to Coral Reefs:Has been used by Presidential Proclamation in 2001 to expand or create two national monuments; the Virgin Islands Coral Reef Monument and the Buck Island Reef National Monument. The monuments include coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Park Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		City Planning; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Coral; Docks & Marinas; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Marine Protected Areas; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management
Anadromous Fish Conservation Act of 1965, as amended, 16 United States Code § 757. The Act is intended to conserve anadromous fish. It authorizes the Secretatries of Interior and Commerce to enter into cooperatve agreements with states and other non-federal interests for conservation, development and enhancement of anadromous fish and contribute up to fifty percent as the federal share of the cost of carrying out such agreements. Reclamation construction projects for water resource projects needed solely for such fish are also authorized.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:Projects are for conservation, development, and enhancement on fisheries.

Comments: 		Department of Interior/Department of Commerce

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Apex Fish Predators; Biocriteria; Collaboration & Partnering; Designate Protected Species; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Public Administration; Resource Use Management
Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979 as amended, 16 United States Code § 470. To protect historic ruins, monuments, and objects of antiquity. Strenghtens and expands the protective provisions of the Antiquities Act of 1906 regarding archeological resources. It also revised the permitting process for conducting archeological research.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Park Service

Jurisdiction:
United States; US Territorial Waters; US Territories; Designated Marine Areas; US Virgin Islands 		Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Coastal Development; Cultural Policies; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Public Administration; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Responses; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Chapter 13: Environmental protection, 12 Virgin Islands Code. Establishes an environmental protection program for land development to prevent soil erosion and for the conservation of beaches, shorelines, and the coastal zone of USVI. Rules and Regulations were to prevent improper development of land and harmful environmental changes.

Application to Coral Reefs:The Earth Change Plan review will indicate any adverse environmental impacts, including those that could effect coral reefs such as sedimentation.

Legislative Actions:The law requires an "Earth Change Plan" from the Department of Planning and Natural Resources before any land can be cleared, graded, filled, or otherwise disturbed. Violation from the approved Earth Change Plan is punishable by a fine of $200 per day per violation. Violation of other portions of the Chapter is punishable by $5,000 fine or one year imprisionment per violation. Development in the first tierof the coastal zone requires a coastal zone permit.

Comments:Chapter 13 includes comprehensive erosion and sediment control measures applicable to public and private developments including construction and maintenance of streets and roads. 		US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US Virgin Islands 		Building & Home Construction; City Planning; Coastal Development; Complex Habitat & Resources; Construction Codes & Projects; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Docks & Marinas; Landuse Management; Resource Use Management; Shoreline Armoring
Chapter 17: Oil soil prevention and pollution control, 12 Virgin Islands Code. Prohibits the discharge of oil, petroleum products or their by-products, and other pollutants into or upon any coastal waters, estuaries, tidal flats, beaches, and land adjoining the seacoast of the Territory. Requires prompt containment and removal of petroleum.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protects ecosystems, including coral reefs, from petroleum spills and provides for cleanup.

Legislative Actions:Established the Virgin Island Coastal Protection Fund of $1,000,000 for cleanup response. Prohibits derilict vessels upon any public waters or ports. Provides for civil penaltiesup to $50,000per day. Requires a National Contingency Plan.

Comments:Because it is the intent of this chapter to provide the means for rapid and effective cleanup and to minimize damages, any licensee and its agents or servants, including vessels destined for or leaving a licensee's terminal facility, who permits or suffers a prohibited discharge or other polluting condition to take place within territorial boundaries shall be liable to the territory for all costs of cleanup or other damage incurred by the territory and for damages resulting from injury to others. The territory shall have an absolute maritime lien which shall attach to any vessel and its freight on behalf of the territory or any person injured, for all costs of cleanup and other damages incurred as a result of a prohibited discharge. In any suit to enforce claims of the territory under this chapter, it shall not be necessary for the territory to plead or prove negligence in any form or manner on the part of the licensee or any vessel. If the territory is damaged by a discharge prohibited by this chapter it need only plead and prove the fact of the prohibited discharge or other polluting condition and that it occurred. In addition to the civil penalty, the pilot and the master of any vessel or person in charge of any licensee's terminal facility who fails to give immediate notification of a discharge to the harbor master and nearest U.S. Coast Guard station shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and fined not less than $5,000 nor more than $10,000. The Department shall, by rules and regulations, require that the licensee designate a person at the terminal facility who shall be the person in charge of that facility for the purposes specified by this section. 		US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US Virgin Islands 		Collaboration & Partnering; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Water Resources
Chapter 2: Protection of indigenous, endangered and threatened fish, wildlife and plants, 12 Virgin Islands Code. Regulates activities, including scientific research, that could affect indigenous species and species considered at risk (threatened) or endangered, establishes species of special concern and habitats that should be protected, requires permits for trimming mangroves

Application to Coral Reefs:It is illegal to take or posses "live rock" which is defined as dead or live coral. It is illegaal to cut all three species of mangrove trees. Forbidding the takeing of coral directly protects coral species. Not cutting mangraoves will aid in sediment control and the removal of nutrients that could enter coral reef areas. The Commission can designate habitats for listed threatened or endangered species.

Legislative Actions:It is illegal to take or posses "live rock" which is defined as dead or live coral. It is illegaal to cut all three species of mangrove trees. Forbidding the takeing of coral directly protects coral species. Not cutting mangraoves will aid in sediment control and the removal of nutrients that could enter coral reef areas. The Commission can designate habitats for listed threatened or endangered species.

Comments: 		US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US Virgin Islands 		Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Coral; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invertebrate Harvest; Mangroves; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Chapter 3: Trees and vegetation next to waterways, 12 Virgin Islands Code. Establishes buffer zone for protecting natural watercourses from vegetation clearing. The buffer zone either 30 feet from the center of the natural watercourse, or 25 feet from its edge, whichever is greater.

Application to Coral Reefs:Assists in erosion control and can protect reefs from harmful sedimentation, if the stream or river sediment is capable of reaching the coral reef. Vegetation along river and stream banks will remove nutrients and assist in preventing eutrophocation of waters that can reach coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:Enforcement is by conservation officers with assistance from local police when required. Penalties are fines of not more than $100, or 180 days in jail, or both

Comments:Permits can be obtained if the purpose of clearing is for development. 		US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US Virgin Islands 		Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Resource Use Management; Shoreline Protection; Wetlands
Clean Air Act, 42 United States Code §§ 7400 et seq. To ensure Americans have clean air to breath, and to protect the environment from air pollution. Regulates air emmissions from area, stationary and mobile sources. Charges federal land managers with direct responsibility to protect the "air quality and related values" of land under their control. The "related values" include fish and widlife and their habitats. The Clean Air Act is the law that defines EPA's responsibility for protecting and improving the nation's air quality and the stratospheric ozone layer.

Application to Coral Reefs:The Act would decrease carbon dioxide emissions from sources in the United States, thereby making a contribution toward reducing ocean acidification, which is one of the problems contributing to coral reef decline.

Legislative Actions:Response will differ from State to State because many Sates have been delegated to administer the Clean Air Act. However, States cannot have air quality standards less stringent then the federal standards. State air pollution agencies hold permit hearings and fines industries that violate air quality limits. States must develop state implementation plans that require approval by EPA.

Comments:The 1990 amendments authorized the Acid Deposition Control Program, a program to control 189 toxic pollutants, established permit program requirements, expanded and modified the attainment of National Ambient Air Quality Standards, and expanded and modified enforcement authority. 		United States Environmntal Protection Agency

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Carbon Storage & Cycling; Climate Regulation; CO2; Energy Policy & Development; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Improved Technology; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Non-Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Oil & Gas Rigs; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Political Pressure; Transportation Policies; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Clean Water Act of 1974, 33 United States Code § 1252. To restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation's waters

Application to Coral Reefs:The Act can be used to establish water quality standards for the disharge of pollutants into surface waters. Section 101 (3) stated that it will be the national policy that the discharge of toxic pollutants in toxic amounts will be prohibited. The legislation employs a variety of regulatory and nonregulatory tools to reduce direct pollutant discharges into waterways, finance wastewater treatment facilities, and manage polluted runoff. The tools are employed to achieve the broad goal of restoring and maintaining the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters so they can support "the protection and propagation of fish, shellfish, and wildlife and recreation in and on the water."

Legislative Actions:During the late 1980's, the program shifted from program-by-program, source by source, pollutant-by-pollutant approach to more holistic water-shed strategies. Under the watershed approach equal emphasis is placed on protecting healthy waters and restoring impaired waters. Also during the 1980's, voluntary programs for nonpoint runoff and regulatory programs for wet weather point sources began to be addressed.

Comments:The Federal Water Pollution Contrl Act Amendments of 1972, PL 92-500, replaced the previous language of the Act entirely, including the Water Quality Act of 1965, the Clean Water Restoration Act of 1965, and the Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970, all of which had been amendments of the Water Pollution Control Act first passed in 1956. The 1977 amendments, PL 95-217, further amended PL 92-500. 		US Environmental Protection Agency

Jurisdiction:
United States; US Territories 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Biocriteria; Collaboration & Partnering; Construction Codes & Projects; Corporate Responses; Drinking Water Supply; Economic Markets & Policies; Energy Policy & Development; Hydrologic Management; Improved Technology; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sewage Treatment; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Coastal Barrier Resources Act of 1982 (CBRA), 16 United States Code §§ 3501 et seq. Promote more appropriate use and conservation of coastal barriers along the Atlantic, Gulf and Great Lakes coastlines. Minimize the loss of human life; reduce wasteful expenditures on shoreline development; minimize damage to wildlife, marine life, and other natural services, and establish a coastal barrier resources system.

Application to Coral Reefs:Development of coastal barrier islands can cause sedimentation, through runoff and construction activities, that could reach inshore coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:Restrict most federal expenditures and financial assistance that encourage development including federal flood insurance.

Comments:Recognized coastal barriers as essential habitat for many fish, water fowl and other aquatic animals. 		U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Coral; Funding & Incentives; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Wetlands
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, 16 United States Code §§ 1451-1456. Preserve, protect, develop, and where possible, to restore or enhance the resources of the Nation's coastal zone for this and succeeding generations.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protection of coastal areas can have an indirect influence on coral reef preservation and conservation by the use of environmentally sound construction and development by limiting runoff of contaminants and sediment that could have an adverse effect on inshore coral reefs if present.

Legislative Actions:In addition, the Act authorized a national system of estuarine sanctuaries and the establishment of national field laboratories with a 50/50 cost-sharing grants with coastal states.

Comments: 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/US Fish and Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States; State Coastal Waters 		City Planning; Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Construction Codes & Projects; Corporate Responses; Designated Uses; Economic Markets & Policies; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Funding & Incentives; Hydrologic Management; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrients; Permitting & Zoning; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended through 2004,. A voluntary national program to encourage coastal states to develop and implement coastal zone management plans and requires that "any federal activity within or outside of the coastal zone that affects any land or water use or natural resource of the coastal zone" shall be "consistent to the maximum extent practicable with the enforceable policies" of a state's coastal zone management plan. The law includes an Enhancement Grants program for protecting, restoring, or enhancing existing coastal wetlands or creating new coastal wetlands. It also establishes the National Estuarine Research Reserve System, guidelines for estuarine research, and financial assistance for land acquisition.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protection of coastal areas can have an indirect influence on coral reef preservation and conservation by the use of environmentally sound construction and development by limiting runoff of contaminants and sediment that could have an adverse effect on inshore coral reefs if present.

Legislative Actions:The 1985 amendments (PL 99-272) established the National Estuarine Reserve Research System a State-Federal process for designating national reserves and guidelines for estuarine research.The 1990 amendments (PL 101-508) established new Enhancement Grants for eight specific areas, including protecting, restoring or enhancing existing coastal wetlands or creating new coastal wetlands and assessing the cumulative effects of coastal development on coastal wetlands and fishery resource. Also, the 1990 statute established a new Coastal Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program. The 1998 and 2004 (PL 105-383 and PL 108-456) established a program for the prevention and control of harmful algal blooms and hypoxia, and included authorization for a representative of the Department of Interior to assess the economic and ecological impacts of algal blooms and hypoxia.

Comments:If implemented, the programs for economic, ecological and control of harmful algal blooms and hypoxia would be useful for coral reef issues. 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/US Fish and Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Building & Home Construction; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Docks & Marinas; Economic Markets & Policies; Infrastructural Policies; Mangroves; Permitting & Zoning; Ports & Harbors; Seagrasses; Shoreline Armoring; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, 16 United States Code § 6401 (2000). To preserve, sustain, and restore the condition of coral reef ecosystems, to promote the wise management and sustainable use of coral reef ecosystems, to benefit local communities and the Nation, to develop sound scientific information on the condition of coral reef ecosystems and threats to the ecosystems, to assist in the preservation of coral reefs by supporting and financing conservation programs including local and non-governmental programs, establish a formal mechanism for collecting and allocating monetary donations from the private sector to be used for coral reef conservation projects

Application to Coral Reefs:Allowed the development of programs and projects, and provided financing for developing sound scientific data to preserve and restore coral reefs. Continued the Coral Reef Task Force and Coral Reef Initiative started under Executive Order 13089 (1998).

Legislative Actions:Provided funding for matching grants, encouraged education and outreach, encouaged cooperative conservation and management through partnerships with other federal, state, regional and local partners including citizen groups.

Comments:The Act is administrative, not regulatory. It established four major programs; (1) The National Coral Reef Action Strategy established goals for research, monitoring and conservation, (2, 3) The Coral Reef Conservation Program and Coral Reef Conservation Fund provided financial assistance for coral reef projects, (4) the National Program facilitated cooperative work between federal, state and regional efforts that work to improve coral reef ecosystems. The National Program also enhanced the public awareness of coral reefs through educational programs. The Act incorporated Executive Order 13,089 and provided coordinated funding activities through twelve federal agencies and seven states. 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Jurisdiction:
United States; US Coral Reefs 		Biocriteria; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Corporate Responses; Education & Information; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Food & Raw Materials; Funding & Incentives; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Microorganisms; Public Administration; Remediation; Utilities
Delegation of the Environmental Resource Program to Local Governments, 62-344 Florida Administrative Code. (1) This chapter guides the participation of counties, municipalities and local pollution control programs in an efficient, streamlined permitting system by setting forth the procedures and requirements for delegations of all or a part of the environmental resource permit program from the Department and water management districts to local governments in accordance with the provisions of Sections 373.103(8) and 373.441, F.S. This chapter also constitutes the Department�s authorization, in accordance with Section 373.103(8), F.S., for delegations of the environmental resource permit program from the water management districts to local governments provided that the procedures for delegation contained in this chapter are followed by the Districts. Delegations from the Department and Districts shall be for the respective environmental resource permit program responsibilities of the Department and the Suwannee River, St. Johns River, Southwest Florida and South Florida Water Management Districts, as set forth in operating agreements listed in Chapter 62-113, F.A.C. Delegation agreements between the Department and local governments shall be listed in Chapter 62-113, F.A.C., and delegation agreements between the Districts and local governments shall be listed in Chapters 40B-1, 40C-1, 40D-1, and 40E-1, F.A.C. (2) Nothing in this chapter shall preclude the Department, Districts, and local governments from entering into contracts or interagency agreements as provided by law. (3) Except as specifically provided in this chapter, nothing herein shall prevent a local government from adopting and implementing an environmental regulatory program pursuant to its own authority. (4) It is an objective of the Department and Districts to protect the functions of entire ecological systems, as defined and developed in the programs, rules and plans of the Department and water management districts. It is the intent of the Department and Districts that any local government receiving delegation of all or a portion of the environmental resource program carry out that program in a manner consistent with this objective. This paragraph shall not be construed or applied as additional permitting criteria beyond those adopted by the reviewing agency or the local government.

Application to Coral Reefs:In theory, delegating stormwater pond construction and wetland functional determinations, as well as most otrher issues related to stormwater and wetlands, to local government will produce more efficient permitting and oversight. Therefore, treated water that is discharged and reaches any ecosystem should contain less contamination than the same water if it had not treated.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:Guides the participation of counties, municipalities and local pollution control programs in an efficient, streamlined permitting system by setting forth the procedures and requirements for delegations of all or a part of the environmental resource permit program from the Department and water management districts to local governments 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Applied Chemicals; Building & Home Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Manufacturing & Trade; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point Source Discharges; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Delineation of the landward extent of wetlands and surface waters, 62-340 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2000). The Rule's intent is to provide a unified statewide methodology for the delineation of the extent of wetlands to satisfy the mandate of Section 373.421, F. S.

Application to Coral Reefs:Preservation of wetlands will allow them to continue to function as buffers for sediment and contaminant control keeping them from reaching estuarine and marine waters and eventually habitats including coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:The Rule is administrative and methodological for delineation purposes.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Coastal Development; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Drinking Water Supply; Energy Policy & Development; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Invertebrates; Landuse Management; Molluscs; Pipelines; Ports & Harbors; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Shoreline Armoring; Small Boats; Solid Waste Disposal; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Wetlands
Domestic Wastewater Facilities, 62-600 Florida Administrative Code. (1) Section 403.021(2), Florida Statutes, as amended, the Florida Air and Water Pollution Control Act, established that no wastes are to be discharged to any waters of the state without first being given the degree of treatment necessary to protect the beneficial uses of such water. Toward this end, Sections 403.085 and 403.086, Florida Statutes, set forth requirements for the treatment and reuse or disposal of domestic wastewater. Section 403.051(2)(a), Florida Statutes, requires that any Department planning, design, construction, modification, or operating standards, criteria, and requirements for wastewater facilities be developed as a rule. This chapter is promulgated to implement the provisions and requirements of Sections 120.53(1), 120.55, 403.021, 403.051, 403.061, 403.062, 403.064, 403.085, 403.086, 403.087, 403.088, 403.0881, 403.101, 403.131, 403.161, 403.182, 403.859, and 403.918, Florida Statutes, concerning domestic wastewater facilities. - 442 (2) The requirements of this chapter represent the specific requirements of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and of Local Pollution Control Programs approved and established pursuant to Section 403.182, Florida Statutes, where such authority has been delegated to those programs. It may be necessary for domestic wastewater facilities to conform with requirements of other agencies, established via interagency agreements (e.g., for mosquito control); the absence of reference to such arrangements in this chapter does not negate the need for compliance with those requirements. (3) The purpose of Chapter 62-600, F.A.C., is to provide minimum standards for the design of domestic wastewater facilities and to establish minimum treatment and disinfection requirements for the operation of domestic wastewater facilities. All systems shall be designed in accordance with sound engineering practice. Supported by moderating provisions, it is intended that Chapter 62-600, F.A.C., establish a framework whereby design flexibility and sound engineering practice can be used in developing systems with which to manage domestic wastewater in an environmentally sound manner. (4) As appropriate, Chapter 62-600, F.A.C., shall be used in conjunction with other Department rules relating to the design and operation and maintenance of domestic wastewater facilities. (5) Standards and requirements in this chapter shall apply only to domestic wastewater treatment, reuse, and disposal facilities (including residuals management facilities). (a) Standards and requirements shall apply to all new facilities and modifications or expansions of existing facilities that submit complete permit applications to the Department after July 1, 1991. (b) Standards and requirements shall apply to all existing facilities that submit complete applications for permit renewal after July 1, 1991. (6) Domestic wastewater facilities that submit complete permit applications on or before July 1, 1991, may: (a) Continue to comply with the rule requirements that were in effect at the time the permit was issued and with the conditions of the existing construction or operation permit until the expiration of such permit, or (b) Opt to comply with the requirements of this revised chapter. (7) The standards and requirements of Part II of Chapter 62-600, F.A.C., and Rules 62-600.500 and 62-600.530, F.A.C., shall be applicable to septic tank drainfield systems and other on-site waste treatment systems with subsurface disposal regulated by this chapter. The reliability requirements of paragraph 62-600.400(1)(b), F.A.C., shall not apply to such septic tank drainfield systems and other on-site waste treatment systems. (8) The discharge limitation of subsection 62-600.510(4), F.A.C., shall not be applicable to facilities permitted on or before January 1, 1982, that discharge into Class II waters or Class III waters which are subsequently reclassified as Class II waters. (9) This chapter provides for exemptions, allowances for existing facilities and variations from standards and requirements. Unless specifically provided otherwise, no wastewater permit shall be issued or renewed unless the permit applicant demonstrates that the subject facility is in compliance with the applicable provisions of this chapter.

Application to Coral Reefs:Setting construction and treatment water quality criteria for wastewater facilities will provide a system of less contaminated water being discharged to surface waters. The environmental impact of the wastewater will be less harmful to ecosystems.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:Establishes the processes for planning, design, construction, modification, or operating standards, criteria, and requirements for wastewater facilities 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Biocriteria; Building & Home Construction; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Toxics; Waste Management Policies
Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant monitoring, 62-601 Florida Administrative Code. (1) Section 403.051(2)(a), Florida Statutes, as amended, part of the Florida Air and Water Pollution Control Act, requires that any Department operating standards, criteria, and requirements for wastewater facilities be developed as a rule. This rule is promulgated to implement the provisions and requirements of the Act concerning domestic wastewater treatment plant monitoring. (2) The purpose of Chapter 62-601, F.A.C., is to ensure that owners and operators of domestic wastewater treatment facilities maintain accurate records and submit reports required by this Chapter in a timely, accurate, cost-effective and uniform manner. (3) Standards and requirements in this chapter shall apply only to domestic wastewater treatment, reuse, and disposal facilities (including residuals management facilities). The standards and requirements are not applicable to facilities described in Rules 62-600.120(1) and (2), F.A.C. (a) Standards and requirements shall apply to all new facilities and modifications or expansions of existing facilities that submit complete permit applications to the Department after July 1, 1991. (b) Standards and requirements shall apply to all existing facilities that submit complete applications for permit renewal after July 1, 1991. (4) Domestic wastewater facilities that submit complete permit applications on or before July 1, 1991 may: (a) Continue to comply with the rule requirements that were in effect at the time the permit was issued and with the conditions of the existing construction or operation permit until the expiration of such permit, or (b) Opt to comply with the requirements of this revised chapter.

Application to Coral Reefs:Setting monitoring requirements and treatment water quality criteria for wastewater facilities will provide a system of less contaminated water being discharged to surface waters. The environmental impact of the wastewater will be less harmful to ecosystems.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:to implement the provisions and requirements concerning domestic wastewater treatment plant monitoring 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Biocriteria; Building & Home Construction; Discharge Limitations; Manufacturing & Trade; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Toxics; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Dredge and Fill Activities, 62-312 Florida Administrative Code. This part provides the requirements and procedures for obtaining permits and jurisdictional declaratory statements from the Department pursuant to Sections 403.91 through 403.929, F.S. Dredging or filling which is grandfathered by subsections 403.913(6), (8) and (9), F.S., is governed by Rules 62-312.150 and 62-312.160, F.A.C. The requirements of this part are in addition to and not in lieu of the water quality standards which are required by other portions of these sections. Except for the definitions contained in Rule 62-312.020, F.A.C., which shall also apply to activities regulated under Part IV of Chapter 373, F.S., the provisions of this Part shall only apply to activities in the geographical territory of the Northwest Florida Water Management District and to activities grandfathered under Sections 373.414(9), (11), (12)(a), (13), (14), (15) and (16), F.S. Specific Authority 373.414(11)-(16), 373.4145, 403.805(1) FS. Law Implemented 373.409, 373.413, 373.414(9), (11), (12)(a), (13), (14), (15), (16), 373.4145, 373.416, 373.418, 403.061, 403.813, 403.814 FS. History�New 12-10-84, Amended 8-7-85, Formerly 17-12.010, 17-312.010, Amended 10-3-95.

Application to Coral Reefs:The permit reviewers will require BMP for dredge and fill activities. This will include siltation reduction methods that will keep sediment, nutrient and other contaminants from leaving the work site and getting into the water column and potentially reaching sensitive ecosysten, including coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:This part provides the requirements and procedures for obtaining permits and jurisdictional declaratory statements from the Department for dredge and fill activities. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters; US State Waters 		Complex Habitat & Resources; Cruise Ships; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Large Ships; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Tankers; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Ports & Harbors; Sediment; Toxics
Electric Power Siting, 62-017 Florida Administrative Code. 62-17.011 General. (1) The purpose of Part I is to implement the provisions of the Florida Electrical Power Plant Siting Act, Sections 403.501 - 403.518, F.S., as amended. (2) The department promulgates Part I pursuant to the charge of the legislature to provide efficient, centralized review of the needs for increased electrical power generation and the effects of generation-related activities on human health and the environment and ecology of the lands and waters within the state. (3) This Part addresses applications for certification of: (a) A new site for a steam or solar electrical power plant; (b) The construction and operation of additional steam or solar electrical generating units to be located at sites which have been previously certified for an ultimate site capacity; and (c) An existing power plant site which had or had applied for permits prior to the effective date of the Act. Specific Authority 403.504(1), 403.517(1)(a), FS. Law Implemented 403.504(2)(3)(5), 403.517, 403.5175, FS. History - New 5-7-74, Amended 12-27-77, Formerly 17-17.01, Amended 5-9-83, Formerly 17-17.011, Amended 2-1-99.

Application to Coral Reefs: To provide efficient, centralized review of the needs for increased electrical power generation and the effects of generation-related activities on human health and the environment and ecology of the lands and waters within the state. (3) This Part addresses applications for certification of: (a) A new site for a steam or solar electrical power plant;

Legislative Actions:

Comments:To provide efficient, centralized review of the needs for increased electrical power generation and the effects of generation-related activities on human health and the environment and ecology of the lands and waters within the state. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
 Building & Home Construction; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Climate Regulation; Energy Policy & Development; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Point & Mobile Source Controls
Emergency Wetlands Resources Act of 1986, 16 United States Code §§ 3501 et seq. Promote the conservations of wetlands for public benefit and to assist in the compliance with international obligations under various treaties and conventions for migratory birds.

Application to Coral Reefs:Indirect application to protection of coral reefs through wetland functions of nutrient (particularly nitrogen) and sediment removal from land-based discharges prior to their entrance into open coastal waters.

Legislative Actions:Authorizied the purchase of wetlands from the land and Water Conservation Fund monies. Required States to include wetlands in their Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plans.

Comments:Secretary of Interior was required to establish a National Wetland Priority Conservation Plan to identify the locations and types of wetlands that should be priorities for state and federal acquisition. The Act established various fee schedules for entering national wildlife refuges.   		U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Discharge Limitations; Funding & Incentives; Hydrologic Management; Landuse Management; Marine Birds; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrients; Permitting & Zoning; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands
Endangered and Threatened Species; Critical Habitat for Threatened Elkhorn and Staghorn Corals, 73 Federal Register § 6895 (2008). To make it unlawful, to import or export the species into or from the US, to take the species within the US or territorial seas of the US, to take the species upon the high seas, to possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, or ship by any means whatsoever the species taken in violation, to deliver, receive, carry, transport, or ship in interstate or foreign commerce, by any means whatsoever and in the course of a commercial activity the species, to sell or offer for sale in interstate or foreign commerce the species, to violate any regulation pertaining to the species.

Application to Coral Reefs:The deignation of Acropa palmeta and Acropa cervicornis as threathened species will allow the species advantages in recovery. The designation protects the reef habitat because the species must have the reef to reproduce and grow.

Legislative Actions:Section 11 of the ESA provides civil and criminal penalties for a violation of the ESA.

Comments: 		NOAA

Jurisdiction:
US Coral Reefs; US Territorial Waters; US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico 		Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invertebrate Harvest; Recreational Opportunities; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Endangered and Threatened Species; Critical Habitat for Threatened Elkhorn and Staghorn Corals; Final Rule, 73 Federal Register § 72210. We, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), issue a final rule designating critical habitat for elkhorn (Acropora palmata) and staghorn (A. cervicornis) corals, which we listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (ESA), on May 9, 2006. Four specific areas are designated: the Florida area, which comprises approximately 1,329 square miles (3,442 sq km) of marine habitat; the Puerto Rico area, which comprises approximately 1,383 square miles (3,582 sq km) of marine habitat; the St. John/St. Thomas area, which comprises approximately 121 square miles (313 sq km) of marine habitat; and the St. Croix area, which comprises approximately 126 square miles (326 sq km) of marine habitat. We are excluding one military site, comprising approximately 5.5 square miles (14.3 sq km), because of national security impacts.

Application to Coral Reefs:The law protects coral habitat for elkhorn and staghorn coral which strenghtens their protection in the FKNMS, Puerto Rico, and US Virgin Islands.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:the National Marine
Fisheries Service (NMFS), issue a final
rule designating critical habitat for
elkhorn (Acropora palmata) and
staghorn (A. cervicornis) corals, which
we listed as threatened under the
Endangered Species Act of 1973, as
amended (ESA), on May 9, 2006. Four
specific areas are designated: the Florida
area, which comprises approximately
1,329 square miles (3,442 sq km) of
marine habitat; the Puerto Rico area,
which comprises approximately 1,383
square miles (3,582 sq km) of marine
habitat; the St. John/St. Thomas area,
which comprises approximately 121
square miles (313 sq km) of marine
habitat; and the St. Croix area, which
comprises approximately 126 square
miles (326 sq km) of marine habitat. We
are excluding one military site,
comprising approximately 5.5 square
miles (14.3 sq km), because of national
security impacts. 		National Marine Fisheries Service

Jurisdiction:
US Coral Reefs; US Territorial Waters; US Territories; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas; US Virgin Islands 		Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Endangered Species Act of 1973, 16 United States Code §§ 1531-1544, 1361-1407. To protect animal and plant species currently in danger of extinction (endangered) and those that may become endangered in the foreseeable future (threatened). Authorized the determination and listing of species as endangered and threatened; Prohibited unauthorized taking, possession, sale, and transport of endangered species; Provided authority to acquire land for the conservation of listed species, using land and water conservation funds; Authorized establishment of cooperative agreements and grants-in-aid to states that establish and maintain active and adequate programs for endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; Authorized the assessment of civil and criminal penalties for violating the act or regulations; and Authorized the payment of rewards to anyone furnishing information leading to arrest and conviction for any violation of the act.

Application to Coral Reefs:Two species of coral are listed as threatened; elkhorn coral (Acropora palmata) and staghorn coral (Acropora cervicornis). They were placed on the list in 2006.Their habitat was listed as "critical habitat" in 2008.

Legislative Actions:The Act provided for criminal and civil penalties dependent on the sections of the Act under which violations occured. Criminal penalties may be imposed up to a maximum of $50,000 and not more than one year in prison. Civil penalties may be imposed up to a maximum of $25,000. The Act provided for rewards to citizens that report violations leading to sucessful prosecution. The rewards are paid from the fine received.

Comments:Listed species and critical habitats can be found in the Federal Register. The habitats for staghohn (73FR72210) and elkhorn (73FR72210) corals were declared critical in 2008. Since the entire coral reef is habitat for the species, critical designation could offer a method of protecting and conserving the reef. In this instance, by protecting individual species and their habitat, the entire reef is protected. 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration /National Marine Fisheries Service/USFish and Wildlife Service (consultations with all federal agncies responsible for section 7(a)(1) compliance

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Coral; Designate Protected Species; Designated Uses; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Public Administration; Resource Use Management
Environmental resource permitting procedures, 62-343 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2003). The rule provides the procedural requirements for processing environmental resource permits and obtaining formal determinations of the landward extent of wetlands and surface waters.

Application to Coral Reefs:Requiring permits for projects related to environmental resources will indirectly protect environmental habitats. The permits are related to stormwater managemnt systems including discharges to wetlands. The permit conditions can limit toxics, nutrients and sediment that would be discharged to the environment if the rule were not in place.

Legislative Actions:The rule is procedural and does not have fines or penalties.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Building & Home Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Permitting & Zoning; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Road Construction & Maintenance; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands
Environmental Resource Permitting, 62-330 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2005). Under the Chapter, DEP exercises its independent authority under Part IV, Chapter 373, F.S., to regulate surface water management systems, including activities in, on or over wetlands or other surface waters. The term "surface water management system" or "system" include stormwater mangement systems, dams, impoundments, reservoirs, appurtenant works, or works, or any combination thereof, and includes dredging and filling. "Dredging" means excavation, by any means, in surface waters or wetlands

Application to Coral Reefs:Regulating stormwater management systems, dams, reservoirs and dredging will contribute to controlling contaminates from entering estuarine and marine environments and protect ecosystems including coral reefs.,

Legislative Actions:Individual permits will contain the conditions for environmental protection.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		City Planning; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Pipelines; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Wastewater Discharge
Estuaries and Clean Waters Act of 2000, 33 United States Code §§ 2901 et seq. Creates a federal interagency council that includes the Director of the Fish and Wildlife Service, the Secretary of Army for Civil Works, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The council is charged with developing a national estuary habitat restoration strategy and providing grants to entities to restore and protect estuary habitat to promote the strategy.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protecting water quality in estuaries will help mitigate the impacts of water pollution which inturn would help mitigate ocean acidification.

Legislative Actions:The Act authorized the formation of the Estuary Habitat Restoration Council that was responsible for developing a National Habitat Restoration Strategy.

Comments: 		US Fish and Wildlife Service, US Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Agriculture, US Environmental Protection Agency, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Ballast Discharge; Building & Home Construction; Collaboration & Partnering; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Forestry; Funding & Donations; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Estuaries Protection Act of 1968, 16 United States Code §§ 1221-1226. Authorizes the Secretary of Interior in cooperation with other federal agencies and the states, to study and inventory estuaries of the united states, including land and water of the Great Lakes, and to determine whether such areas should be acquired for protection. The Secretary is also requied to encourage state and local governments to consider the importance of estuaries in their planning activities relative to federal natural resources grants.

Application to Coral Reefs:Established the congressional policy on the values of wetlands and the need to conserve their natural resources. Protection of wetlands provide coral reefs with an indirect benefit as the wetland serves the functions of nutrient removal and sediment containment

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		Secretary of Interior in conjunction with other federal agencies and States

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Building & Home Construction; Collaboration & Partnering; Discharges; Docks & Marinas; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Hydrologic Management; Landscape Changes; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Opportunities; Seagrasses; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands
Exec. Order No. 11988, Management of Flood Prone Areas, 42 Federal Register 2691 (1977). This order requires all federal agencies to take action and avoid to the extent possible, adverse impacts over the short and long term associated with the occupation and modification of flood prone areas and to avoid direct or indirect aid to the development of flood prone areas whenever there is a viable alternative.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		Federal Agencies

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Landuse Management; Public Administration
Exec. Order No. 11990, Protection of Wetlands, 42 Federal Register 26961 (1977). Federal agencies are directed to provide leadership and take action to minimize the destruction, loss, or degradation of wetland and to preserve and enhance the natural and beneficial uses of wetlands.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protection and restoration of wetlands benefits coral reefs because wetlands stop nutrients and sediments from entering waterbodies and eventually reaching coral reefs and producing adverse effects.

Legislative Actions:The Order protects wetlands on projects on Federal lands. The agencies are to provide leadership to minimize the destruction, loss or degradation of wetlands, to preserve and enhance natural and beneficial values when carrying our their responsibilities.

Comments: 		Federal agencies

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Hydrologic Management; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Public Administration; Seagrasses; Security & Public Administration Policies; Wetlands
Exec. Order No. 12372, Intergovernmental Review of Federal Programs, 47 Federal Register 30953 (1982). Seeks to foster intergovernmental partnerships by requiring federal agencies to use the state process to determine and address concerns of state and local elected officials with proposed federal assistance and development programs.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		Federal agencies

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Collaboration & Partnering; Public Administration
Exec. Order No. 12962, Recreational Fisheries, 60 Federal Register (1995). Federal agencies are directed to improve the quantity, function, sustainable productivity, and distribution of U.S. aquatic resources for increased recreational fishing opportunities in cooperation with states and tribes.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		Federal agencies

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Environmental Education & Outreach; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Exec. Order No. 13089, Coral Reef Protection, 63 Federal Register 32701 (1998). Protect coral reefs. Established the US Coral Reef Task Force

Application to Coral Reefs:The Task Force was assigned duties including developing and implementing research, in conjunction with the scientific community, to identify the major causes of coral reef degradation.

Legislative Actions:No penalties for noncompliance.

Comments: 		12 federal agencies, 7 states and territories, 3 freely associated states

Jurisdiction:
United States; US Territorial Waters; US Territories; US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico 		Boating Regulations; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Hydrologic Management; Public Administration; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956, as amended, 16 United States Code § 742. Established a comprehensive national fish, shellfish, and wildlife resources policy with emphasis on commercial fishing industry but also with a direction to administer the Act with regard to the inherent right of every citizen and resident to fish for pleasure, enjoyment, and betterment and to maintain and increase public opportunities for recreational use of fish and wildlife.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments:The 1998 amendments promoted voluteer programs and community partnerships for the benefit of national wildlife refuges. 		US Fish and Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Bivalves; Commercial Fisheries; Designate Protected Species; Economic Markets & Policies; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Funding & Donations; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Snails & Conch; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act of 1980, 16 United States Code §§ 2901-2911. Required the Service to monitor non-game bird and fish species, identify species of management concerns, and implement conservation measures to preclude the need for listing under the Endangered Species Act.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		US Fish and Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Designate Protected Species; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Funding & Incentives; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Public Administration; Resource Use Management
Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, 16 United States Code §§ 2901-2911. To provide financial and technical assistance to the states for development, revision and implementation of conservation plans and programs for nongame fish and wildlife, and to encourage federal agencies to utilize their statutory and administrative authority to conserve and to promote the conservation of nongame fish and wildlife and their habitats.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		Federal Agencies

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Funding & Incentives; Microorganisms; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Public Administration
Fish and Wildlife Improvement Act of 1978, 16 United States Code § 7421. Passed to improve the administration of fish and wildlife programs and amends several earlier laws, including the Refuge Recreation Act, the National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act, and the Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956. It authorizes the Secretary to accept gifts and bequests of real and personal property on behalf of the United States. It also authorizes the use of volunteers on Service projects and appropriations to carry out volunteer programs.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:The Secretaries were authorized to establish, conduct and assist with national training programs for State fish and wildlife enforcement personnel.

Comments:The law provided authority to the Secretaries to enter into law enforcement cooperatives with State and other federal agencies.It expanded the use of fines, penalties and forfeiture funds received under the Endangered Species Act and Lacey Act to include the cost of shipping, storing and disposing of items. 		Secretary of Interior and Secretary of Commerce, administration primarily through US Fish and Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Public Administration; Resource Use Management
Fish and Wildlife Service Act of 1956, 16 United States Code § 742. Establishes a comprehensive national fish, shellfish, and wildlife resources policy with emphasis on the commercial fishing industry but also includes the inherent right of every citizen and resident to fish for pleasure, enjoyment, and betterment, and to maintain and increase public opportunities for recreational use of fish and wildlife resources. Among other things, it authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to take such steps as may be required for the development, advancement, management, conservation, and protection of fish and wildlife resources, including, but not limited to, research, development of existing facilities, and acquisition by purchase or exchange of land and water or interests therein.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:The Act is written for the support of commercial and recreational fisherpersons so that they enjoy the benefits of the Nation's fishery resources.

Comments: 		US Fish and Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
 Commercial Fisheries; Designate Protected Species; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Public Administration; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Florida Aquatic Preserves, 18-20 Florida Administrative Code. 18-20.001 Intent. (1) All sovereignty lands within a preserve shall be managed primarily for the maintenance of essentially natural conditions, the propagation of fish and wildlife, and public recreation, including hunting and fishing where deemed appropriate by the Board, and the managing agency. (2) Aquatic preserves which are described in Part II of Chapter 258, Florida Statutes, were established for the purpose of being preserved in an essentially natural or existing condition so that their aesthetic, biological and scientific values may endure for the enjoyment of future generations. (3) The preserves shall be administered and managed in accordance with the following goals: (a) To preserve, protect, and enhance these exceptional areas of sovereignty submerged lands by reasonable regulation of human activity within the preserves through the development and implementation of a comprehensive management program; (b) To protect and enhance the waters of the preserves so that the public may continue to enjoy the traditional recreational uses of those waters such as swimming, boating, and fishing; (c) To coordinate with federal, state, and local agencies to aid in carrying out the intent of the Legislature in creating the preserves; (d) To use applicable federal, state, and local management programs, which are compatible with the intent and provisions of the act and these rules, and to assist in managing the preserves; (e) To encourage the protection, enhancement or restoration of the biological, aesthetic, or scientific values of the preserves, including but not limited to the modification of existing manmade conditions toward their natural condition, and discourage activities which would degrade the aesthetic, biological, or scientific values, or the quality, or utility of a preserve, when reviewing applications, or when developing and implementing management plans for the preserves; (f) To preserve, promote, and utilize indigenous life forms and habitats, including but not limited to: sponges, soft coral, hard corals, submerged grasses, mangroves, salt water marshes, fresh water marshes, mud flats, estuarine, aquatic, and marine reptiles, game and non-game fish species, estuarine, aquatic and marine invertebrates, estuarine, aquatic and marine mammals, birds, shellfish and mollusks; (g) To acquire additional title interests in lands wherever such acquisitions would serve to protect or enhance the biological, aesthetic, or scientific values of the preserves; (h) To maintain those beneficial hydrologic and biologic functions, the benefits of which accrue to the public at large. (4) Nothing in these rules shall serve to eliminate or alter the requirements or authority of other governmental agencies, including counties and municipalities, to protect or enhance the preserves provided that such requirements or authority are not inconsistent with the act and this chapter.

Application to Coral Reefs:By maintaining coastal aquatic preserves in their natural condition, mangrove forests, wetlands and submerged aquatic vegetation will perform the functions of being sediment traps and removing some contaminants such as nutrients. Therefore, they will not reach marine ecosystems including coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:Aquatic preserves which are described in Part II of Chapter 258, Florida Statutes, were established for the purpose of being preserved in an essentially natural or existing condition so that their aesthetic, biological and scientific values may endure for the enjoyment of future generations.  All sovereignty lands within a preserve shall be managed primarily for the maintenance of essentially natural conditions, the propagation of fish and wildlife, and public recreation, including hunting and fishing where deemed appropriate by the Board, and the managing agency. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Docks & Marinas; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Waste Management Policies
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Regulations, Federal Register § Volume 66, Number 11 (2001). NOAA established the Tortugas Ecological Reserve (a no-take zone) in the Tortugas region (Tortugas or region) of the Florida Keys to protect significant coral resources and to protect an area that serves as a source of biodiversity for the Sanctuary as well as for the southwest shelf of Florida. Establishment of the Reserve included expansion of the Sanctuary boundary to ensure that the Reserve protects sensitive coral habitats lying outside the existing boundary of the Sanctuary.

Application to Coral Reefs:The Regulation protects significant coral resources and many marine species by providing a no-take zone.

Legislative Actions:The regulation increased the no-take zones to 24 areas. Fishing is prohibited in Tortugas north for areas that are within State waters. Diving is prohibited in Tortugas south.

Comments: 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Jurisdiction:
US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Boating Activities; Commercial Fisheries; Coral; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Education & Outreach; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Recreational Fishing; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Regulations; Anchoring on Tortugas Bank, Federal Register § Volume 63, Number 158 (1998). The regulation reinstates and makes permanent the temporary prohibition on anchoring by vessels 50 meters or greater in registered length on the Tortugas Bank west of the Dry Tortugas National Park within the Sanctuary.

Application to Coral Reefs:Prohibition on anchoring protects coral reefs and benthic habitats from physical damage.

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Jurisdiction:
US Coral Reefs; US Federal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Commercial Fishing Boats; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Invertebrates; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation Policies; Water Transportation
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Regulations; Final Rule, Code of Federal Regulations § Parts 922, 929, 937 (1997). NOAA developed the comprehensive Final Management Plan for the FKNMS and issued the Plan on January 30, 1997. Congress and the Governer of Florida were provided a 45-day period to provide certification of unacceptable regulations that needed amendments. NOAA incorporated the certified changes provided and issued the final regulations and management plan for the Sanctuary that went into effect with the publication of the final rule, including waters within the State of Florida in the Sanctuary.

Application to Coral Reefs:The Sanctuary sets aside the coral reef system that is the third largest barrier coral reef in the world. Included in the FKNMS are the Key Largo Marine Sanctuary containing 103 square nautical miles of coral reefs and Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary containing 5.32 square nautical miles of coral reefs. The Act protects the reefs from anchoring directly into the coral formation and taking coral dead or alive. The Act protects mangrove islands and submerged aquatic vegetation, both potential buffers for the reef system against eutrophication and sediment deposition. The Act prohibits oil and hydrocarbon exploration, mining or altering the seabed, restricts large shipping traffic, and restricts the discharge of pollutants, further protecting coral, mangroves, and submerged aquatic vegetation.

Legislative Actions:The Act requires the preparation of a comprehensive management plan and implementing regulations to protect Sanctuary resources.

Comments:The final rule codifies the Act and further defines boundaries of the Sanctuary as well as providing a list of species protected in the Sanctuary. 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric and Administration

Jurisdiction:
US Coral Reefs; US Territorial Waters; State Coastal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Ballast Discharge; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Regulations; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fishing Boats; Cruise Ships; Cultural Protections; Designate Protected Species; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates; Large Ships; Live Collection; Mangroves; Marine Debris; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Tankers; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Inhabitants; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Wetlands
General Authorities Act of 1970, 16 United States Code §§ 1 et seq. Reinforces the National Park Services Act by uniting all areas administered by the NPS into one National Park System. The Act assures a common preservation purpose for all units, regardless of title or designation.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Park Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Environmental Education & Outreach; Public Administration; Security & Public Administration Policies; Tourism & Recreation Policies
General permit for activities seaward of the coastal construction control line, 62B-34 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2010). To implement the provisions of Section 161.053(19) F. S. providing General Permits for activities performed seaward of the Coastal Construction Control line. Persons wishing to use one or more of the General Permits as set forth in Part II of this rule chapter shall be subject to the notice provisions of subsection 62B-34.030(4) F. A. C. before any activity is conducted as authorized herein.The general conditions provided pursuant to Section 62-B34-0.50, F. A. C. , shall apply to all of the General Permits issued under this rule chapter. Strict compliance with all of the terms, conditions, requirements, limitations, and restrictions applicable to a desired General Permit under this rule chapter is required to qualify for such a permit.

Application to Coral Reefs:The rule requires erosion control BMP. Therefore, sediment from construction will not enter the marine environment and damage coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:Civil fines are applicable for work done that was not authorized in the permit.

Comments: 		Florida Departrment of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Defense; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Construction Codes & Projects; Docks & Marinas; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Armoring
Identification of impaired surface waters, 62-303 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2002). The Chapter established a methodology to identify surface waters of the state that will be included on the state's planning list of waters that will be assessed pursuant to subsections 403.067(2) and (3), Florida Statutes. It also establishes a methodology to identify impaired waters based on representative data that will be included on the state's verified list of impaired waters, for which the Department will calculate Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDLs), pursuant to subsection 403.067(4), F.S., and which will be submitted to the United States Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to paragraph 303(d)(1) of the Clean Water Act (CWA).

Application to Coral Reefs:By regulating the amount of pollutants that will be allowed to be discharged into major waterbodies of the state, the amount of pollutants reaching estuarine and then marine environments, and eventually coral reefs, will assist in protecting the reefs and other habitats.

Legislative Actions:The planning list of impaired water bodies has been completed. Data on each water bodies has been collected. DEP is in the process of calculating TMDLs for each water body.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Construction Codes & Projects; Corporate Responses; Designated Uses; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Forestry; Irrigation; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Microorganisms; Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Joint Coastal Permits and Concurrent Processing of Proprietary Authorizations, 62B-049 Florida Administrative Code. This chapter implements the provisions of Section 161.055, F.S., by combining the regulatory requirements of the coastal construction program (Section 161.041, F.S.) with the environmental resource (or wetland resource) permit program (Part IV of Chapter 373, F.S.) to establish the joint coastal permit program. Activities that would have required both a coastal construction permit and an environmental resource (or wetland resource) permit, are now authorized by a single joint coastal permit. In addition, this chapter provides for concurrent review of any activity requiring a joint coastal permit that also requires a proprietary authorization for use of sovereign submerged lands owned by the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Trust Fund. This chapter also establishes procedures for processing applications for joint coastal permits and the linked proprietary authorizations. In the event that there is a conflict between the procedural requirements of this chapter and other procedural rules promulgated pursuant to the referenced statutes, then this chapter shall govern. The standards and criteria for issuance of joint coastal permits include the criteria for environmental resource or wetland resource permits pursuant to Chapter 62-312, F.A.C., and the rules adopted under Chapter 62-330, F.A.C., the coastal construction criteria pursuant to Chapter 62B-41, F.A.C., and any specific criteria for issuance of a joint coastal permit listed in this chapter. The criteria for the associated proprietary authorizations are found in Chapters 18-18, 18-20, 18-21, F.A.C. Specific Authority 161.055, 373.427 FS. Law Implemented 161.041, 161.055, 373.427 FS. History�New 10-12-95, Amended 2-19-98, 5-17-07.

Application to Coral Reefs:Requiring a permit with regulatory review of the construction project, in a joint review of wetland and submerged land issues, will assist in minimizing potential adverse environmental impacts from the work and such potential detrimental portions of the project (e.g. sedimentation) will not enter the marine environment resulting in ecosystem damage.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:This chapter implements the provisions of Section 161.055, F.S., by combining the regulatory requirements of the coastal construction program (Section 161.041, F.S.) with the environmental resource (or wetland resource) permit program (Part IV of Chapter 373, F.S.) to establish the joint coastal permit program. Activities that would have required both a coastal construction permit and an environmental resource (or wetland resource) permit, are now authorized by a single joint coastal permit. In addition, this chapter provides for concurrent review of any activity requiring a joint coastal permit that also requires a proprietary authorization for use of sovereign submerged lands owned by the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Trust Fund. This chapter also establishes procedures for processing applications for joint coastal permits and the linked proprietary authorizations. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Docks & Marinas; Mangroves; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Shoreline Armoring; Shoreline Protection
Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965, 16 United States Code § 4601. Provides funding through receipts from the sale of surplus federal land, appropriations from oil and gas receipts from the outer continental shelf, and other sources of land acquisition. Appropriations from the fund may be used for matching grants to states for outdoor recreation projects and for land acquisition by various federal agencies, including the Fish and Wildlife Service.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protection of wetlands benefits coral reefs through nutrient removal and the control of sedimentation so that they do not enter near shore waters.

Legislative Actions:The legislation was amended in 1986 by the Emergency Wetlands Resources Act and required the States to identify the agencies and organizations involved in wetland management, evaluate existing and proposed wetlands protection mechanisms, assess wetlands resources, identify wetlands loss and degradation factors, and establish priorities for protection.

Comments: 		National Park Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Funding & Donations; Landuse Management; Public Administration; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management
Magnuson-Stevens Fisheries Conservation and Management Reauthorization Act as amended through January 2007, Statutes at Large §§ 94-265. National program for the conservation and management of fishery resources of the US to prevent overfishing, to rebuild overfished stocks, to facilitate the long-term protection of essential fish habitat, and to realize the full potential of the Nation's fishery resources.

Application to Coral Reefs:Promote the protection of essential fish habitat in the review of projects conducted under federal permits, licenses, or other authorities that effct or have the potential to affect such habitats. The amendments of 2006 specifically require the protection of deep sea coral habitats.

Legislative Actions:Requires government observers on board a certain number of fishing vessels. The Act provides for criminal and civil penalties dependent on the sections of the Act under which violations occured. Criminal penalties may be imposed up to a maximum of $50,000 and not more than one year in prison. Civil penalties may be imposed including seizure, forfeiture, and condemnation of property.

Comments: 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Marine Fisheries Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Apex Fish Predators; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Complex Habitat & Resources; Economic Markets & Policies; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas
Mangrove Trimming and Preservation Act, 403.9321-403.9333 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (1996). It is the intent of the Legislature to protect and preserve mangrove resources valuable to our environmentand economy from unregulated removal, defoliation, and destruction.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protection and preservation of wetland systems, including mangroves, allow the systems to act as buffers to remove nutrients and sediment that could reach coral reefs and cause damage.

Legislative Actions:Permits are required prior to any trimming. A Professional Mangrove Trimmer must be present when work is being performed. Penalties can include restoration and/or mitigation.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Apex Fish Predators; Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Landuse Management; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Birds; Non-Monetary Valuation; Nutrients; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Shoreline Protection
Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, 16 United States Code § 1361. With certain exceptions, the Act establishes a mortiorium on the taking and importation of marine mammals, as well as products that are made from them. DOI is responsible for sea otter, walrus, polar bear, diugong and manatee. The DOC is responsible for Cretaceans and piniped other than the walrus.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:The legislation mandated the use of an ecosystem-based management approach to marine resource management. The Marine Mammal Commission was established and has specific advisory and research duties. Required that government observers aboard some fishing vessels.

Comments:The Act covers all species of marine mammals and plants, including anadromous fish, except for marine ammmals, birds, and highly migratory species, all of which are covered under other laws or treaties. 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Marine Fisheries Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Designate Protected Species; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Whales & Dolphins
Marine Mammals, 50 Code of Federal Regulations. The regulations prohibit the capture of marine mammals on land or sea in US waters and prohibits the improtation of any marine mammal product to the US (CFR 216.11-216.12) unless the person has a permit for scientific purposes (CFR 216.33-216.37).

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Oceanic Aatmospheric Administration/National Marine Fisheries Service

Jurisdiction:
US Federal Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Commercial Fisheries; Designate Protected Species; Designated Uses; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Political Pressure; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Whales & Dolphins
Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972, 33 United States Code § 1401. To regulate the dumping of all types of materials into ocean waters and to prevent or strictly limit the dumping into ocean waters of any material which would adversely affect human health, welfare, or amenities, or the marine environment, ecological systems, or economic potentialities. To regulate (1) the transportation by any person of material from the United States and, in the case of United States vessels, aircraft, or agencies, the transportation of material from a location outside the United States, when in either case the transportation is for the purpose of dumping the material into ocean waters, and (2) the dumping of material transported by any person from a location outside the United States, if the dumping occurs in the territorial sea or the contiguous zone of the United States.

Application to Coral Reefs:The Act has been historically used to regulate dumping of dredged materials and sewage sludge into the marine environment. The law intends to improve the conservation, understanding, management, and wise and sustainable use of marine resources, enhance public awareness, understanding, and appreciation of the marine environment, and to maintain for future generations the habitat, and ecologigal services, of the natural assemblage of living resources that inhabit those areas. Because permits are required, it can be assumed that dumping would not be allowed if the material would be dispersed into a sensitive habitat such as coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:EPA may assess an administrative civil penalty up to $50,000 per person. Higher penalties can be assessed for dumping medical waste (up to $125,000). Each day in violation constitutes a separate offense. Continuing violations can suffer criminal penalties with fines and up to five years imprisionment possible.

Comments:The Act has played a major role in regulating the disposal of dredged material into the ocean environment. However, medical and radioactive wastes, industrial wastes, as well as sewage sludge, are also regulated in the law. 		United States Environmntal Protection Agency

Jurisdiction:
US Territorial Waters; US Federal Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Ballast Discharge; Biocriteria; Boating Regulations; Complex Habitat & Resources; Designate Protected Species; Designated Uses; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Mangroves; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Controls; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Political Pressure; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Solid Waste Disposal; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Marine Sanitation Devices (MSDs); Regulations to establish a No Discharge Zone (NDZ) for State waters within the boundary of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary,Code of Federal Regulations § 40 CFR Part 140, 67 FR 35735. US EPA established a no discharge zone within the boundaies of the FKNMS pursuant to section 312 (f) (4) (a) of the Clean Water Act.

Application to Coral Reefs:Prohibition of waste discharges protects reefs system from eutrophication by the nutrients in waste (particularly nitrogen and phosphorus) as well as the debris and sediment in the waste.

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		US Environmental Protection Agency

Jurisdiction:
US Coral Reefs; US Federal Waters; State Coastal Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Algae; Ballast Discharge; Commercial Fishing Boats; Cruise Ships; Large Ships; Marine Debris; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Tankers; Pathogens; Petroleum Spills; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Small Boats; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Marine Turtle Conservation Act of 2004, 16 United States Code § 6601. The law was created to aid in the conservation of sea turtles and their nesting habitats in foreign countries by providing funds for the conservation of nesting areas, sea turtles in in their nesting habitats, and dealing with threats to sea turtle survival.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration/National Marine Fisheries Service/US Fish and Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Designate Protected Species; Docks & Marinas; Educational & Research Opportunities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Funding & Incentives; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sea Turtles
Mitigation Banking, 62-342 Florida Administrative Code. (1) The Department recognizes that, in certain instances, adverse impacts of activities regulated under Part IV of Chapter 373, F.S., can be offset through the utilization of mitigation credits from a permitted Mitigation Bank. This rule provides criteria for this mitigation alternative to complement existing mitigation criteria and requirements. This chapter is supplemental to and does not supersede any other criteria and requirements in rules promulgated under Part IV of Chapter 373, F.S. (2) The Department intends that Mitigation Banks be used to minimize mitigation uncertainty associated with traditional mitigation practices and provide greater assurance of mitigation success. It is anticipated that the consolidation of multiple mitigation projects into larger contiguous areas will provide greater assurance that the mitigation will yield long-term, sustainable, regional ecological benefits. Mitigation Banks shall be consistent with Department endorsed watershed management objectives and emphasize restoration and enhancement of degraded ecosystems and the preservation of uplands and wetlands as intact ecosystems rather than alteration of landscapes to create wetlands. This is best accomplished through restoration of ecological communities that were historically present. The establishment and use of Mitigation Banks in or adjacent to areas of national, state, or regional ecological significance is encouraged, provided the area in which the Mitigation Bank is proposed to be located is determined appropriate for a Mitigation Bank and the Mitigation Bank meets all applicable permitting criteria. (3) Nothing in this chapter shall affect the mitigation requirements set forth in any Mitigation Bank agreement or any permit issued under Chapter 84-79, Laws of Florida, or Part IV of Chapter 373, F.S., prior to February 2, 1994. If a permittee wishes to substantially modify a Mitigation Bank previously established by agreement or permit, the permittee must comply with this chapter. Additionally, some Mitigation Banks may be subject to the version of this section existing prior to July 1, 1996, under subsections 373.4136(9) and (10), F.S., and will not be affected by amendments adopted after that date. This chapter does not prohibit an applicant from proposing project-specific, pre-construction on-site or off-site mitigation, without establishing a Mitigation Bank.

Application to Coral Reefs:Mitigation banking in coastal wetlands, as presented in the Chapter, can provide large areas of functioning wetlands. The wetlands can function as sediment and nutrient traps keeping sediment and nutrients from entering coastal waters and damaging marine ecosystems including coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:Establishes the regulations and permitting requirements for mitigation banks. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US State Waters 		Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Docks & Marinas; Educational & Research Opportunities; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Ports & Harbors; Shoreline Armoring; Waste Management Policies
National Environmental Education Act of 1990, 20 United States Code § 5501. Established the Office of Environmental Education within USEPA to develop and administer a federal environmental education program in consultation with other federal natural reource management agencies.

Application to Coral Reefs:The Act could be used as a tool to educate the public about the values of coral reefs

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		US Environmental Protection Agency

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Services; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Public Administration; Recreational Opportunities
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 as amended through 1982,. Declared a national policy that will encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between man and his environment : promote efforts that will prevent or eliminate damage to the environment and biosphere: stimulate the health and welfare of resources important to the Nation and establish a Council on Environmental Quality.

Application to Coral Reefs:Re-athorizes NEPA of 1969. Provides additional funding.

Legislative Actions:The Act potentially could protect coral reefs if the proposed federal project could have a significant impact on the reef.

Comments:The amendments did not add regulations to the Act 		Federal Agencies

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Atmospheric Emissions; Chemical Variables; Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Educational & Research Opportunities; Energy Policy & Development; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Infrastructural Policies; Landuse Management; Manufacturing & Trade; Mining; Oil & Gas Industry; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Security; Toxics; Transportation; Waterborne Discharges
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, 42 United States Code §§ 4321-4377. Requires analysis, public comment, and reporting for environmental impacts of federal actions. It stipulates the factors to be considered in environmental impact statements, and requires that federal agencies employ an interdisciplinary approach in related decision-making and develop means to ensure unqualified environmental values are given appropriate consideration, along with economic and technical considerations.

Application to Coral Reefs:Requires an Environmental Assessment(EA), and potentially an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) if the project review finds there will be a significant impact. The EIS must detail the environmental impacts of the proposed action, unavoidable adverse environmental impacts, and alternatives to the proposed action. The resulting studies could protect sensitive environmental ecosystems, including coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:The Act potentially could protect coral reefs if the proposed federal project could have a significant impact on the reef.

Comments:The Act is completely procedural; it does not include specific regulations. The Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) was created by the Act. CEQ is part of the Executive Office of the President and one of the CEQ directives is to ensure that federal programs comply with NEPA. The puprose of the EIS is to disclose to the public and resource managers the probable long- and short-term impacts of the proposed project as well as consideration of less environmentally damaging alternatives to the recommended course of action. 		Federal agencies

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Biocriteria; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Regulations; Construction Codes & Projects; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Economic Markets & Policies; Energy Policy & Development; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Landuse Management; Marine Debris; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Controls; Permitting & Zoning; Physical & Chemical Environment; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Socio-Economic Drivers; Transportation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Wetlands
National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, 16 United States Code § 470. Congress established the federal government a full partner and a leader in historic preservation. The Act provides leadership for preservation, contributes to and give maximum encouragement to preservation and foster conditions under which our modern society and our prehistoric and historic resources can exist in productive harmony

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Park Service as administrator and all Federal agencies participating

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Designated Uses; Public Administration; Resource Use Management
National Marine Sanctuaries Act of 1972, 16 United States Code §§ 1431-1445. Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to designate and manage areas of the marine environment with special national significance due to their conservation, recreational, ecological, historical, scientific, cultural, archeological, educational, or esthetic qualities as National Marine Sanctuaries.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protects marine resources, such as coral reefs, sunken historical vessels, or unique habitats.

Legislative Actions:NOAA may impose civil penalties up tp $130,000 per day per violation. Criminal penalties were added in the 2000 amendments for interfering or resisting with any enforcement of the NMSA, or providing false information to the Secretary or any officer authorized to enforce NMSA. The 2000 amendments made it illegal to offer for sale, purchase, import, or export, any sanctuary resource and increased enforcement authority.

Comments:There are 13 marine sanctuaries in the National Marine Sactuary System, six of which were created after 1990. Each sanctuary has a separarte staff and program in its local region. 		National Oceanic Aatmospheric Administration

Jurisdiction:
Designated Marine Areas 		Apex Fish Predators; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Regulations; CO2; Coastal Development; Commercial Fishing Boats; Coral; Corporate Responses; Designate Protected Species; Designated Uses; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Large Ships; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Political Pressure; Recreational Opportunities; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Wetlands
National Park Service Organic Act of 1916, 16 United States Code § 1. The Act was created to start the National Park Service within the Department of Interior for the purpose of promoting and regulating the use of federal areas such as national parks and monuments.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:Created the National Park Service to be supervised by a Director.

Comments: 		National Park Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Boating Regulations; Collaboration & Partnering; Construction Codes & Projects; Designated Uses; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invasive Species; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Microorganisms; Permitting & Zoning; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation Policies
National Park Service, Department of Interior,. To conserve the scenery, natural and historic objects, and wildlife of the National Parks; and to provide for the enjoyment of those resources in a sustainable manner. Regulations provide for the proper use, management, government, and protection of persons, property, and natural and cultural resources within areas under the jurisdiction of the National Park Service.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Park Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Regulations; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Designated Uses; Economic Markets & Policies; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Permitting & Zoning; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation Policies
National Parks Omnibus Management Act of 1998, 16 United States Code § 5901. To use state-of-the art methods of scientific research to improve managemnet decisions within the NPS.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:The Act deals primarily with the management and operation of concessions within National Parks, but a section does mandate that state-of-the-art scientific reseach be utilized to manage the parks.

Comments: 		National Park Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Public Administration
Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act of 2000, 16 United States Code § 6101. Established a matching grant program to fund projects that promote the conservation of neotropical migratory birds in the United States, Latin America, and the Caribbean.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:The Act provided competitive grants in Latin America, the Carribean, and the United States for neotropical migratory birds that winter south of the border and summer in North America. The law encourages habitat protection, education, research, monitoring, and capacity building to provide for long-term protection of neotropical migratory birds.

Comments:Over 800 species of birds are found in the United States and 500 migrate South of the border for the winter. 		US Fish and Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States; Latin America; Caribbean 		Collaboration & Partnering; Designate Protected Species; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Birds; Public Administration
North American Wetlands Conservation Act of 1989, 16 United States Code § 4411. Provides funding and administrative direction for the implementation of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan and the Tripartite Agreement between Canada, the United States, and Mexico.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:A North American Wetlands Conservation Council was created to recommend projects to be funded under the Act to the Migratory Bird Conservation Commission.

Comments: 		US Fish and Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters; Canada; Mexico 		Collaboration & Partnering; Designate Protected Species; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Funding & Donations; Marine Birds; Public Administration
Oil Pollution Act of 1990, 33 United States Code §§ 2701 et seq. Established limitations on liability for damages resulting from oil pollution, established a fund for the payment of compensation for such damages, mandated the National Oil and Hazardous Substance Contingency Plan to provide organizational structure and procedures for responding to spills.

Application to Coral Reefs:In the event of an oil spill that contaminates a coral reef, the Act could be used to determine liability and provide funds for rapid cleanup.

Legislative Actions:Can provide fines for failing to notify the appropriate federal agency of a maximum of $250,000 per day for an individual and a maximum of $500,000 for an organization. Civil penalties are authorized at $25,000 per day of violation or $1,000 per barrel of oil discharged. Prison sentences up to a maximum of fifteen years can be imposed on violators.

Comments:The Act was signed in 1990, largely in response to rising public concern following the Exxon Valdex incident. The Act improved the nation's ability to prevent and respond to oil spills by establishing provisions that expand the federal government's ability, and and provided the money and resources necessary, to respond to oil spills. The Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund was established and provided up to one billion dollars per spill incident. 		US Coast Guard/US Environmental Protection Agency

Jurisdiction:
US Territorial Waters; State Coastal Waters 		Chemical Variables; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Funding & Incentives; Mangroves; Non-point Source Controls; Petroleum Spills; Physical & Chemical Environment; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Socio-Economic Drivers; Toxics; Wetlands
Proclamation No. 7392, The Buck Island Reef National Park, 66 Federal Register 7335-7336 (2001). 18,000 acres in the US Virgin Islands

Application to Coral Reefs:The Proclamation expanded the original momument thus protecting additional coral reefs within the monument boundaries.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:Together, Proclamation 7399 and 7392 designated a total of 30,843 marine acres in the United States Virgin Isalnds as monuments. 		US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US Virgin Islands 		Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Commercial Fishing Boats; Cruise Ships; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Economic Markets & Policies; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Invertebrate Harvest; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Proclamation No. 7399, Establishment of Virgin Islands Coral Reef National monument, 66 Federal Register 7364 (2001). Designated 12,000 marine acres in the US Virgin Islands

Application to Coral Reefs:Monuments include coral reefs thereby providing the coral reefs within the monument bondaries the same protection as the designated monument areas.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:Together, Proclamation 7399 and 7392 designated a total of 30,843 marine acres in the United States Virgin Isalnds as monuments. 		US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US Virgin Islands 		Building & Home Construction; Commercial Fishing Boats; Designate Protected Species; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Road Construction & Maintenance; Seagrasses; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Proposed Coral Reef Conservation Act Amendments of 2005, 2007 and 2009,. To preserve, sustain, and restore the condition of coral reef ecosystems, to promote the wise management and sustainable use of coral reef ecosystems, to benefit local communities and the Nation, to develop sound scientific information on the condition of coral reef ecosystems and threats to the ecosystems, to assist in the preservation of coral reefs by supporting and financing conservation programs including local and non-governmental programs, establish a formal mechanism for collecting and allocating monetary donations from the private sector to be used for coral reef conservation projects

Application to Coral Reefs:When passed, the Amendments, among other issues, would reauthorize the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 and authorize appropriations through fiscal 2012 for the coral reef conservation program and community- based planning grants. Will authorize activities designed to minimize the likelihood of vessel impacts or other physical dammage to coral reefs, including activities to identify certain at-risk coral reefs. Promote international cooperation, codify the US Coral Reef Task Force.

Legislative Actions:Provided funding for matching grants, encouraged education and outreach, encouaged cooperative conservation and management through partnerships with other federal, state, regional and local partners including citizen groups.

Comments:The amendments would not add regulations to the Act. 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Jurisdiction:
US Coral Reefs 		Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Ballast Discharge; Boat Movement; CO2; Coral; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Educational & Research Opportunities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Water Transportation
Refuge Revenue Sharing Act of 1935, as amended, 16 United States Code § 715. Provided for payment to counties in lieu of taxes from areas administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service. Counties are required to pass payments along to other units of local government within the county, which suffer losses in tax revenues due to the establishment of Service areas.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:Congress can appropriate funds to make up any shortfall of payments to local governments, all lands administered by the USFWS qualify for revenue sharing payments, and payments to units of local governments can be used for any governmental purpose.

Comments: 		US Fish and Wildlife Servicw

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Public Administration
Regulation of stormwater discharge, 62-25 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (1988). The discharge of untreated stormwater may reasonably be expected to be a source of pollution of waters of the state and is, therefore, subject to Department regulation. The Departmnet shall prevent pollution of waters of the state by discharges of stormwater, to ensure that the designated most beneficial uses of waters, as prescribed by Chapter 62-302, F.A.C., are protected. A permit under this chapter will be required only for new stormwater discharge facilities as defined herein. This provision shall not affect the Department's authority to require appropriate corrective action, pursuant to Sections 403.121-.161.F.S., whenever existing facilities cause or contribute to violations of state water quality standards. Stormwater discharges to groundwaters shall be regulated under the provisions of Chapters 62-520 and 62-522, F.A.C., and other applicable rules of the Department. The Department intends that, to the greatest extent practicable, the provisions of this chapter be delegated to either local governments or water management districts seeking such delegation.

Application to Coral Reefs:Limiting the contaminants and their concentrations in stormwater discharge will reduce the contamination reaching various habitats, including coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		Floridfa Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US State Waters 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Building & Home Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Impervious Surfaces; Landuse Management; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Sediment; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge
Renewable Energy Technologies and Energy Efficiency, 62-016 Florida Administrative Code. This chapter implements the Florida Renewable Energy Technologies and Energy Efficiency Act, providing for grants for renewable energy technologies and rebates for solar energy systems. This chapter also implements applications for corporate tax credits for renewable energy technologies provided for in Section 220.192, F.S. Specific Authority 377.804(3), 377.806(7), 220.192(3) FS. Law Implemented 377.801, 377.802, 377.803, 377.804, 377.806, 220.192 FS. History � New 10-22-07.

Application to Coral Reefs:The regulation could reduce greenhouse gas emissions from coal fired electric generating plants and thus reduce ocean acidification.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:This chapter implements the Florida Renewable Energy Technologies and Energy Efficiency Act, providing for grants for renewable energy technologies and rebates for solar energy systems. This chapter also implements applications for corporate tax credits for renewable energy technologies 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
 CO2; Energy Policy & Development; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration
Revised Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Management Plan §§ Public Law 101-605 (HR 5909, Public Law (2007). The document is a report on the results of NOAA's five year review of strategies and activities detailed in the 1996 Final Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement for the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.

Application to Coral Reefs:The plan specifically addresses preserving and enhancing Sanctuary resources including four national wildlife refuges, six state parks, three state aquatic preserves, Key Largo Marine Sanctuary, Looe Key Marine Sanctuary and a total of 2,900 square nautical miles of coastal waters and numerous coral reefs. The sanctuary ecosystems are facing specific threats including direct human impacts such as vessel groundidngs, pollution and overfishing.

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission as Co-trustees

Jurisdiction:
US Federal Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Anemones & Zooanthids; Apex Fish Predators; Ballast Discharge; Coastal Development; Commercial Fishing Boats; Complex Habitat & Resources; Coral; Cruise Ships; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Economic Markets & Policies; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Littering; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Debris; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Oil & Gas Rigs; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Seastars; Sediment; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges
Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, 33 United States Code § 1252. This law prohibits the discharge of any type of refuse matter in U.S. waters without permission (section 13). In addition, the excavation, fill, or alteration of the course, condition, or capacity of any port, channel, river, or other areas within the limits of this law is prohibited. This law prohibits the construction or alteration of a structure in wetlands of the U.S. (sections 9 and 10). Construction in wetlands and waters of the U.S. requires a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

Application to Coral Reefs:Under section 10, excavation or fill within navigable waters requires approval of the Chief of Engineers and concerns about contaminated sediments with dredge and fill projects in navigable waters is addressed within the permitting process. Indirect protection of coral reefs is offered by the Act and its prohibition of dumping refuse into navigable waters and the process of anaylzing sediment in proposed dredge and fill operations.

Legislative Actions:Violations of the law are punished under section 309 of the Clean Water Act and section 205 of National Fishing Enhancement Act. Fines imposed for violation will not be less than $10,000 per violation or more than $25,000 per violation.

Comments:Many states, including Florida, require additional permits for constuction of docks, piers, wharfs, jetties and other structures in navigable waters and wetlands in addition to the Corps of Engineers permit. Authority to issue permits for discharge of refuse matter under section 13 was modified by the amendments to Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 and established the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit process. The Act was initially established to protect interstate commerce in navigable waters. The permit review process involves factors including economics, aethetics, general envitonmental concerns, historical values, water quality, and fish and wildlife impact before project approval is granted. 		US Army Corps of Engineers (COE), and US Coast Guard

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Landuse Management; Large Ships; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Oil & Gas Tankers; Permitting & Zoning; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Political Pressure; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Transportation Policies; Waste Management Policies
Rules and Procedures for Application for Coastal Construction Permits, 62B-041 Florida Administrative Code. No coastal construction shall be conducted without a permit issued by the Department under this chapter, unless it is determined that the coastal construction does not fall within the requirements of section 161.041, F.S., or unless the interior tidal water body is exempted by the Department pursuant to subsection 161.041(1), F.S.

Application to Coral Reefs:Requiring a permit with regulatory review of the construction project will assist in minimizing potential adverse environmental impacts from the work and such potential detrimental portions of the project (e.g. sedimentation) will not enter the marine environment resulting in ecosystem damage.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:No coastal construction shall be conducted without a permit issued by the Department under this chapter, unless it is determined that the coastal construction does not fall within the requirements of section 161.041, F.S., or unless the interior tidal water body is exempted by the Department pursuant to subsection 161.041(1), F.S. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Seawater Flow; Sediment
Rules and Procedures for Coastal Construction and Excavation, 62B-033 Florida Administrative Code (2008). (1) The beach and dune system is an integral part of the coastal system and represents one of the most valuable natural resources in Florida, providing protection to adjacent upland properties, recreational areas, and habitat for wildlife. A coastal construction control line (CCCL) is intended to define that portion of the beach and dune system which is subject to severe fluctuations caused by a 100-year storm surge, storm waves, or other forces such as wind, wave, or water level changes. These fluctuations are a necessary part of the natural functioning of the coastal system and are essential to post-storm recovery, long term stability, and the preservation of the beach and dune system. However, imprudent human activities can adversely interfere with these natural processes and alter the integrity and functioning of the beach and dune system. The control line and 50-foot setback call attention to the special hazards and impacts associated with the use of such property, but do not preclude all development or alteration of coastal property seaward of such lines. (2) In order to demonstrate that construction is eligible for a permit, the applicant shall provide the Department with sufficient information pertaining to the proposed project to show that adverse and other impacts associated with the construction have been minimized and that the construction will not result in a significant adverse impact. (3) After reviewing all information required pursuant to this rule chapter, the Department shall: (a) Deny any application for an activity which either individually or cumulatively would result in a significant adverse impact including potential cumulative effects. In assessing the cumulative effects of a proposed activity, the Department shall consider the short-term and long-term impacts and the direct and indirect impacts the activity would cause in combination with existing structures in the area and any other similar activities already permitted or for which a permit application is pending within the same fixed coastal cell. The impact assessment shall include the anticipated effects of the construction on the coastal system and marine turtles. Each application shall be evaluated on its own merits in making a permit decision; therefore, a decision by the Department to grant a permit shall not constitute a commitment to permit additional similar construction within the same fixed coastal cell. (b) Deny any application for an activity where the project has not met the Department�s siting and design criteria; has not minimized adverse and other impacts, including stormwater runoff; or has not provided mitigation of adverse impacts. (4) The Department shall issue a permit for construction which an applicant has shown to be clearly justified by demonstrating that all standards, guidelines, and other requirements set forth in the applicable provisions of Part I, Chapter 161, F.S., and this rule chapter are met, including the following: (a) The construction will not result in removal or destruction of native vegetation which will either destabilize a frontal, primary, or significant dune or cause a significant adverse impact to the beach and dune system due to increased erosion by wind or water; (b) The construction will not result in removal or disturbance of in situ sandy soils of the beach and dune system to such a degree that a significant adverse impact to the beach and dune system would result from either reducing the existing ability of the system to resist erosion during a storm or lowering existing levels of storm protection to upland properties and structures; (c) The construction will not direct discharges of water or other fluids in a seaward direction and in a manner that would result in significant adverse impacts. Forthe purposes of this rule section, construction shall be designed so as to minimize erosion induced surface water runoff within the beach and dune system and to prevent additional seaward or off-site discharges associated with a coastal storm event. (d) The construction will not result in the net excavation of the in situ sandy soils seaward of the control line or 50-foot setback; (e) The construction will not cause an increase in structure-induced scour of such magnitude during a storm that the structure-induced scour would result in a significant adverse impact; (f) The construction will minimize the potential for wind and waterborne missiles during a storm; (g) The activity will not interfere with public access, as defined in Section 161.021, F.S.; and (h) The construction will not cause a significant adverse impact to marine turtles, or the coastal system. (5) In order for a manmade frontal dune to be considered as a frontal dune defined under Section 161.053(6)(a)1., F.S., the manmade frontal dune shall be constructed to meet or exceed the protective value afforded by the natural frontal dune system in the immediate area of the subject shoreline. Prior to the issuance of a permit for a single-family dwelling meeting the criteria of Section 161.053(6)(c), F.S., the manmade frontal dune must be maintained for a minimum of 12 months and be demonstrated to be as stable and sustainable as the natural frontal dune system. (6) Sandy material excavated seaward of the control line or 50-foot setback shall be maintained on site seaward of the control line or 50-foot setback and be placed in the immediate area of construction unless otherwise specifically authorized by the Department. (7) Swimming pools, wading pools, waterfalls, spas, or similar type water structures are expendable structures and shall be sited so that their failure does not have adverse impact on the beach and dune system, any adjoining major structures, or any coastal protection structure. Pools sited within close proximity to a significant dune shall be elevated either partially or totally above the original grade to minimize excavation and shall not cause a net loss of material from the immediate area of the pool. All pools shall be designed to minimize any permanent excavation seaward of the CCCL. (8) Major structures shall be located a sufficient distance landward of the beach and frontal dune to permit natural shoreline fluctuations, to preserve and protect beach and dune system stability, and to allow natural recovery to occur following storm-induced erosion. Where a rigid coastal structure exists, proposed major structures shall be located a sufficient distance landward of the rigid coastal structure to allow for future maintenance or repair of the rigid coastal structure. Although fishing piers shall be exempt from this provision, their foundation piles shall be located so as to allow for the maintenance and repair of any rigid coastal structure that is located in close proximity to the pier.(9) If in the immediate area a number of existing major structures have established a reasonably continuous and uniform construction line and if the existing structures have not been unduly affected by erosion, except where not allowed by the requirements of Section 161.053(6), F.S., and this rule chapter, the Department shall issue a permit for the construction of a similar structure up to that line. (10) In considering applications for single-family dwellings proposed to be located seaward of the 30-year erosion projection pursuant to Section 161.053(6), F.S., the Department shall require structures to meet criteria in Section 161.053(6)(c), F.S., and all other siting and design criteria established in this rule chapter. (11) In considering project impacts to native salt-tolerant vegetation, the Department shall evaluate the type and extent of native salt-tolerant vegetation, the degree and extent of disturbance by invasive nuisance species and mechanical and other activities, the protective value to adjacent structures and natural plant communities, the protective value to the beach and dune system, and the impacts to marine turtle nesting and hatchlings. The Department shall restrict activities that lower the protective value of natural and intact beach and dune, coastal strand, and maritime hammock plant communities. Activities that result in the removal of protective root systems or reduce the vegetation�s sand trapping and stabilizing properties of salt tolerant vegetation are considered to lower its protective value. Construction shall be located, where practicable, in previously disturbed areas or areas with non-native vegetation in lieu of areas of native plant communities when the placement does not increase adverse impact to the beach and dune system. Planting of invasive nuisance plants, such as those listed in the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council�s 2005 List of Invasive Species � Categories I and II, will not be authorized if the planting will result in removal or destruction of existing dune-stabilizing native vegetation or if the planting is to occur on or seaward of the dune system. A copy of this list is available on the Internet at www.fleppc.org; or can be obtained by writing to the Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Beaches and Coastal Systems, 3900 Commonwealth Boulevard, Mail Station 300, Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3000; or by telephoning (850) 488-7708. Special conditions relative to the nature, timing, and sequence of construction and the remediation of construction impacts shall be placed on permitted activities when necessary to protect native salt-tolerant vegetation and native plant communities. A construction fence, a designated location for construction access or storage of equipment and materials, and a restoration plan shall be required if necessary for protection of existing native salt-tolerant vegetation during construction. (12) Special conditions relative to the nature, timing, and sequence of construction shall be placed on permitted activities when necessary to protect marine turtles and their nests and nesting habitat. In marine turtle nesting areas, all forms of lighting shall be shielded or otherwise designed so as not to disturb marine turtles. Tinted glass or similar light control measures shall be used for windows and doors which are visible from the nesting areas of the beach. The Department shall suspend any permitted construction when the permittee has not provided the required protection for marine turtles and their nests and nesting habitat.

Application to Coral Reefs:Regulation of coastal construction through permit review and modification will protect coastal ecosystems from degradation and loss and in doing so protects other marine ecosystems including coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:Chapter 62B-33 Florida Administrative Code, provides the design and siting requirements that must be met to obtain a coastal construction control line permit.Approval or denial of a permit application is based upon a review of the potential impacts to the beach dune system, adjacentproperties, native salt resistant vegetation, and marine turtles.

Comments:The Coastal Construction Control Line (CCCL) is an essential element of Florida's coastal management program. It provides protection for Florida's beaches and dunes while assuring reasonable use of private property. Recognizing the value of the state's beaches, the Florida legislature initiated the Coastal Construction Contorl Line Program to protect the coastal system from improperly sited and designed structures which can destabilize or destroy the beach and dune system. Once destabilized, the valuable natural resources are lost, as are its important values for recreation, upland property protection and environmental habitat. Adoption of a coastal construction line establishes an area of jurisdiction in which special siting and design criteria are applied for construction and related activities.These standards may be more stringent than those already applied in the rest of the coastal building zone because of the greater forces expected to occur in the more seaward zone of the beach during a storm event. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Beach & Land Formation; Building & Home Construction; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Cruise Ships; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Hydrologic Management; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Oil & Gas Tankers; Pipelines; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Shoreline Armoring; Shoreline Protection; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Water Depth & Sea Level
Significant amendments to the Coastal Barrier Resources Act of 1982 include (1) Coastal Barrier Improvement Act of 1990, (2) Coastal Barrier Resources Reauthorization Act of 2000, (3) Coastal Barriers Resources Reauthorization Act of 2005,. (1) Added additional areas along the Great Lakes, Puerto Rico, the Florida Keys and the Virgin Islands and established "Otherwise Protected Areas OPAs); (2) amended the guidelines for making recommendations regarding additions to the CBRS and reqired a pilot digital mapping project; (3) reauthorized CBRA and required the submission of the final digital mapping pilot project.

Application to Coral Reefs:Development of coastal barrier islands can cause sedimentation, through runoff and construction activities, that could reach inshore coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:Restricted most federal expenditures and financial assistance that encourage development including federal flood insurance.

Comments:Recognized coastal barriers as essential habitat for many fish, water fowl and other aquatic animals   		U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Beach & Land Formation; Coastal Development; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Forestry; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Seawater Flow; Shoreline Protection
Significant amendments to the National Marine Sanctuaries Act of 1972. Amendments of 1980 were PL 96-332, 1984 were PL98-498, 1988 were Title II of PL 100-627, 1992 were PL 102-587, 1996 were PL 104-283 and for 2000 were PL106-513,. Title III of the Marine Protection, Reseach and Sanctuaries Act was amended to create the National Marine Sanctuaries Program. The amendments of 1980 mandated the terms of designation to include the geographic area included within the sanctuary and the characteristics of the area that give it conservation, recreational, ecological, or esthetic value, and the types of activities that would be subject to regulation to protect those characteristics. The 1984 amendments required a Resource Assessment Report documenting present and potential use of the area. 1998 amendments established a special use permit for commercial operations, added a section that a vessel or person causing damage to the resources of a sanctuary would be liable for both response and cleanup costs as well as damages for any sanctuary resource destroyed. Amendments of 1992 provided that Title III may be cited as 'The National Marine Sanctuaries Act." Also, federal agencies had to be consistent with the National Environmental Policy Act in commenting on proposed designations.

Application to Coral Reefs:Strenghtened the protectinon of marine sanctuaries and their resources. Some specific purposes of the Act that add to coral reef protection include; to identify and designate national marine sanctuaries of the marine environment, to maintain the natural b

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Oceanic Aatmospheric Administration

Jurisdiction:
Designated Marine Areas 		Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Ballast Discharge; Boating Activities; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Construction Codes & Projects; Coral; Cruise Ships; Deforestation & Devegetation; Economic Markets & Policies; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Large Ships; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Tankers; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Sikes Act of 1960, 16 United States Code § 670. Promote effectual planning, development, maintenance, and coordination of wildlife, fish, and game conservation and rehabilitation in military reservations.

Application to Coral Reefs:The Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan (INRMP) required by the Sikes Act integrate many different aspects of natural resource management including endangered species, fisheries, wetlands and environmental contaminants. Protection of wetlands and regulation of the discharge of environmental contaminants on military installations can indirectly protect coral reefs by decreasing runoff to nearshore waters.

Legislative Actions:DoD must develop and implement Integrated Natural Resources Management Plans (INRMP) for nearly 380 military installations across the US. The development of the INRMP is a voluntary, cooperative effort between participating agencies.

Comments:The preparation of the INRMP between DoD, USFWS and State FWS ensures proper consideration of fish, wildlife and habitat needs. The amendments also require the control of invasive species, migratory birds, and law enforcement issues. 		Department of Defense/Department of Interior (US Fish and Wildlife Service)/State Fish and Wildlife Agencies

Jurisdiction:
US Military Installments 		Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Invasive Species; Marine Birds; Non-point Source Controls; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Waste Management Policies; Wetlands
Small Community Wastewater Construction Grants Program, 62-505 Florida Administrative Code. (1) Florida�s Small Community Wastewater Facilities Grants Program is authorized by Sections 403.1835 and 403.1838, F.S. These statutes authorize the Department to fund the planning, design, and construction of wastewater management systems for qualifying small municipalities. (2) This chapter sets forth the Department�s program management procedures and the requirements for obtaining financial assistance from the Small Community Wastewater Facilities Grants Program. (3) Highest priority is given to projects that address the most serious risks to public health, are necessary to achieve compliance, or assist systems most in need based on an affordability index. Specific Authority 403.1835(10) FS. Law Implemented 403.1835(3)(d), 403.1838 FS. History � New 1-25-07.

Application to Coral Reefs:Providing financial assistance to parties interested in building wastewater treatment palnts and best available standards for construction will result in higher treatment of wastewater prior to discharge to waters of the state. Less contaminated water will reach the marine environment where it would have the potential to adversely effect ecosystems.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:sets forth the program management procedures and the requirements for obtaining financial assistance from the Small
Community Wastewater Facilities Grants Program. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US State Waters 		Building & Home Construction; Environmental Education & Outreach; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Toxics; Waste Management Policies
Sovereign submerged lands management, 18-21 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2006). To manage, protect, and enhance sovereignty lands so that the public may continue to enjoy traditional uses, including, but not limited to, navigation, fishing and swimming, public drinking water supply, shellfish harvesting, public recreation, and fish and wildlife propagation and management.

Application to Coral Reefs:Permitting activities on submerged lands owned by Florida will improve water quality which will indirectly protect reef systems.

Legislative Actions:These rules are to implement the administration and management responsibilities of the board and department regarding sovereign submerged lands. Responsibility for environmental permitting of activities and water quality protection on sovereign lands is vested with the Department of Environmental Protection. These rules are considered cumulative.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Aquaculture; Beach & Land Formation; Coastal Defense; Commercial Fisheries; Construction Codes & Projects; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Energy Policy & Development; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Pipelines; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
State Revolving Fund Loan Program, 62-503 Florida Administrative Code. (1) Florida�s water pollution control revolving loan program is authorized by Section 403.1835, F.S. This statute establishes the Wastewater Treatment and Stormwater Management Revolving Loan Trust Fund, which meets federal requirements for a State Revolving Fund. The statute authorizes the Department to fund the planning, design, construction, and implementation of wastewater management systems and stormwater management systems. The Act also authorizes financial assistance for a wide range of services, equipment, and construction associated with nonpoint source pollution control. Project examples include brownfield remediation, wetland restoration, septic tank problem correction, best management practices (especially those for agricultural operations) for controlling leaching and runoff, animal waste management, boat discharge elimination, or other needs identified by the Department�s nonpoint source management program. National estuary program projects also may be eligible. (2) The federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, commonly called the Clean Water Act, authorizes federal appropriations for grants to the Department to capitalize the State Revolving Fund. The Act requires that the state contribute matching funds of 20% to qualify for federal capitalization grants. The State Revolving Fund must be operated in perpetuity by the Department. (3) This rule sets forth the Department�s program management procedures and the requirements for obtaining financial assistance. Specific Authority 403.1835(5)(a) FS. Law Implemented 403.1835 FS. History - New 7-29-04.

Application to Coral Reefs:Providing financial assistance to parties interested in building wastewater treatment palnts and best available standards for construction will result in higher treatment of wastewater prior to discharge to waters of the state. Less contaminated water will reach the marine environment where it would have the potential to adversely effect ecosystems.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:Establishes the Wastewater Treatment and Stormwater Management Revolving Loan Trust Fund to fund the planning, design, construction, and implementation of wastewater management systems and stormwater management systems and to provide financial assistance for a wide range of services, equipment, and construction associated with nonpoint source pollution control. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US State Waters 		Building & Home Construction; Environmental Education & Outreach; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Toxics; Waste Management Policies
Surface water quality standards in table format, 62.302.500 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2008). This section of Chapter 62-302 presents the water quality standards in a tabular format for each class of waters of the State.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters; US State Waters 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Deforestation & Devegetation; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Docks & Marinas; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Permitting & Zoning; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Road Construction & Maintenance; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Armoring; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance
Surface water quality standards, 62-302 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2008). The Chapter establishes the minimum concentrations of contamination that are allowable to protect the designated uses of a waterbody. Designated uses include public drinking water supplies, propagation of fish and wildlife, agricultural, recreation, industrial, and navigation.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protecting surface waters by limiting the concentration of pollutants that can be present will control the concentrations of those pollutants that will reach estuarine and marine environments, thus protecting the associated ecosystems, including coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:Penalties are not presented in the Rule. Specific requirements and penalties are addrressed in individual permits. The Rule relies heavily on biocriteria including acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index. Section 400 presents the classes of Florida waters; Class I potable water supplies, Class II shellfish propagation or harvesting, Class III recreation, propagation and maintenance of a healthy, well-balanced population of fish and wildlife, Class IV agricultural water supplies, Class V navigation, utility and industrial use.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Biocriteria; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Deforestation & Devegetation; Designate Protected Species; Discharge Limitations; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Drinking Water Supply; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Impervious Surfaces; Invertebrates; Irrigation; Landuse Management; Molluscs; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Pipelines; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Fishing; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Shoreline Armoring; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Toxics; Waste Management Policies
Surface waters of the State, Florida Administrative Code Annotated §§ Chapter 62-301 (1996). It is the intent of this Chapter to define the landward externt of surface waters of the state. Te findings, declarations, and intentfor this Chapter are the same as those for Chapter 62-302 F. A. C.

Application to Coral Reefs:By defining the landward extent of surface waters of the State using dominant plant species, the guidance in the Chapter will include wetlands and transitional zones on many occasions. Through the protection of these areas, filtration of sediment and nutrients will be maintained and two of the harmful parameters for coral reefs will be reduced.

Legislative Actions:The Chapter is a guidance document and does not contain penalties. The Chapter provides a list of plant species for use with the guidance as well as the methods of calculating the areas of state waters.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Arthropods; Ballast Discharge; Beaches & Nature Parks; Biotechnology Research & Development; Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Forestry; Invertebrates; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Vertebrates; Molluscs; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Armoring; Small Boats; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins
The DPNR states that wetlands in the Virgin Islands are covered by the Clean water Act and the Endangered and Indigenous Species Act of 1990 (Title 12, Chapter 2, US Virgin Island Code,. To protect wetlands and wetland species from degradation, loss as a result of dredging and filling.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protection of wetlands assists in controlling sedimentation and nutrient runoff from terrstrial locations, thus protecting coral reefs that are influenced by terrestrial sources.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:The wetlands portion of the USVI Division of Environmental Protection website was under construction at the time of this atlas preparation.  However, it appears that DEP works with the USACE and USEPA on matters related to wetlands. 		US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US Virgin Islands 		Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Educational & Research Opportunities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Shoreline Armoring; Wetlands
The Sustainable Fisheries Act, 23 §§ 104-297 (1996). To amend the Magnuson Fisheries Conservation and Management Act to authorize appropriations, to provide for sustainable fisheries, and for other purposes.

Application to Coral Reefs:The law recogonizes that direct and indirect habitat losses have resulted in a diminshed capacity to support existing fish levels. Habitat considerations should receive increased attention for conservation and management of fishery resources in the United States. Therefore, the Act encourages, though not indirectly, the protection of coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		National Marine Fisheries Service

Jurisdiction:
US Federal Waters 		Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Commercial Fisheries; Economic Markets & Policies; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Total maximum daily loads, 62-304 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2006). The Chapter establishes Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs), and their allocations, for waters that have been verified to be impaired by a pollutant pursuant to Chapter 62-303. F.A.C.

Application to Coral Reefs:By regulating the amount of pollutants that will be allowed to be discharged into major waterbodies of the state, the amount of pollutants reaching estuarine and then marine environments, and eventually coral reefs, will assist in protecting the reefs and other habitats.

Legislative Actions:The planning list of impaired water bodies has been completed. Data on each water bodies has been collected. DEP is in the process of calculating TMDLs for each water body.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Envitonmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
United States; State Coastal Waters 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Aquaculture; Ballast Discharge; Biomedical Research Policies; Coastal Development; Deforestation & Devegetation; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Dredging Regulations; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Impervious Surfaces; Irrigation; Landuse Management; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point Source Discharges; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Shoreline Armoring; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Uniform Mitigation Assessment Method, Florida Administrative Code Annotated §§ Chapter 62-345 (2005). Establishes a methodology that provides a standard procedure for assessing the functions provided by wetlands and other surface waters, the amount that those functions are reduced by a proposed impact, and the amount of mitigation necessary to offset that loss.

Application to Coral Reefs:Protecting wetlands provides wetland areas that can act as buffers against nutrients, pollutants and contaminants from reaching habitats including coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:The Chapter is administrative and provides methods to assess wetland value and appropriate mitigation to offset impact.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Building & Home Construction; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Forestry; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Pipelines; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Road Construction & Maintenance; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Armoring; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Wetlands
Water quality based effluent limitations, 62-650 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (1996). To implement the provisions of Section 403.051, 403.085 through 403.088 concerning the development of effluent limitations for wastewater facilities.

Application to Coral Reefs:The Florida Air and Water Pollution Act establishes that no wastes are to be discharged to any waters of the state without first being given the degree of treatment necessay to protect the beneficial uses of such water. Requiring treatment of industrial and domestic waste water indirectly protects adjoining ecosystem, such as reefs, by limiting the pollutant that reach these other systems.

Legislative Actions:The Department shall not issue a permit for a discharge to waters of the state, unless the Department has established an efflent limit for those pollutants in the discharge that are present in quantities or concentrations which can be reasonably expected to cause or contribute, directly or indirectly, to a violation of any water quality standard established in rule 62-302. The effluent limit may be a technology based effluent limit (TBEL), a water quality based effluent limit (WQBEL) determined by a Level 1 process, or where applicable, a WQBEL determined by a Level 2 process.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Building & Home Construction; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Coal Mining; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Domestic Animal Waste; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Irrigation; Landuse Management; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point Source Discharges; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Solid Waste Disposal; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges; Wholesale & Retail Trade; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Water Resource Implementation Rule, 62-40 Florida Administrative Code (2006). The Chapter is intended to provide water resouirce implementation goals, objectives and guidance for the development and review of programs, rules, and plans relating to water resources. A goal of the Chapter is to coordinate the management of water and land resources. It is the objective of the State to protect the functions of the entire ecological systems, as developed and defined in the programs, rules, and plans of the Department and water management districts. It is a goal of the Chapter that sufficient water be available for all existing and future reasonable-beneficial uses and the natural systems and that adverse effects of competition for water supplies be avoided.

Application to Coral Reefs:By protecting the functions of entire aquatic ecological systems, those waters will contain less contaminants when they are discharged and meet other natural water bodies including marine ecosystems. Cleaner water will result in less ecological strees to marine ecosystems, including coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:

Comments:This Chapter is intended to provide water resource implementation goals, objectives, and guidance for the development and review of programs, rules, and plans relating to water resources, based on statutory policies and directives in Chapters 187, 373, and 403, Florida Statutes. 		Florida State Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
US State Waters 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Drinking Water Supply; Environmental Education & Outreach; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Waste Management Policies
Water Resources Planning Act of 1965, as amended through 2000, 42 United States Code § 1692. Established the Water Resources Council to be comprised of Cabinet representatives, including the Secretary of the Interior. The Council reviews river basin plans with respect to agricultural, urban, energy, industrial, recreational, and fish and wildlife needs. The Act also established a grant program to assist states in participating in the development of comprehensive water and land use plans.

Application to Coral Reefs:

Legislative Actions:

Comments: 		US Fish and Wildlife Service

Jurisdiction:
United States 		Agriculture; Designated Uses; Economic Markets & Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Wetland applications, 62-611 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (1996). To provide qualitative and quantitative design criteria discharge limits, permitting requirements, and monitoring requirements for wetlands, man-made and natural, receiving domestic wastewater.

Application to Coral Reefs:Because wetlands act as buffers and remove nutrients from contaminated water, in many case the nutrients will not reach the estuarine and marine environments and potentially have an adverse effect on coral reefs.

Legislative Actions:The Rule is administrative in nature and specific pollutant limits and monitoring requirements are specified in individual permits

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; City Planning; Construction Codes & Projects; Environmental Education & Outreach; Hydrologic Management; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Nutrients; Pipelines; Point Source Discharges; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sewage Treatment; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge

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