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ReefLink Database

Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources

Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources

Marine ecosystems provide sources and templates for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biochemicals, and other biomaterials.

CMap

Anemones & zooanthids are cnidarians very similar to coral, but are not characteristic reef builders. Aquarium and Pet Trade involves the preservation and exhibition of aquatic species for public view or individual hobbies, and the sale of animals. Aquarium Stock is aquatic life that humans collect for sale to commercial aquariums or individual hobbyists. Biological Harvest is the collection of living things from the ecosystem for recreation, consumption, or sale of marine products. Biological monitoring is the use of a biological entity as a detector and its response as a measure to determine environmental conditions. Contact Uses, such as biological additions, physical damage, and biological harvesting, are activities in which humans create pressures through direct contact with the ecosystem. Coral is a colonial marine animal consisting of polyps. Culture sectors contribute to the social, emotional, and intellectual well-being of the community. Designating protected species is the process of legally establishing a species as threatened, endangered, or of special concern, often requiring that critical habitat must be designated as well and recovery plans implemented. Discharges are the intentional or unintentional distribution of chemicals, debris, or other pollution, into the environment as a consequence of human activities. Economic markets and policies can influence financing and insurance, as well as drive consumer demand for certain types of goods and services. Ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain from ecosystems . Fish are cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates that breathe through gills and usually have scales. Fishing & harvesting management controls the activities which harvest fish and invertebrates, including commercial and recreational fishing. The Health sector includes groups which provide for human health through medical and social care, and maintenance and disposal of waste. Infrastructural policies are responses, including zoning, codes, or regulations, that impact the distribution and functioning of socio-economic sectors that provide infrastructure. Infrastructural sectors provide the physical, organizational, and technical support for the economy to function, including construction, utilities, transportation, finance, manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, and technical services. Invasive species are plants, animals, or other organisms that are foreign to a particular environment, and whose introduction may be detrimental when invasives compete with or consume native species. An Invertebrate is any animal that lacks a backbone. Landscape Changes are alterations of the natural landscape through human activities, including coastal development, shoreline armoring, impervious surfaces, deforestation, or soil disturbance, which can alter water flow patterns and lead to pollutant runoff into coastal systems. Industries in the Manufacturing and Trade subsector produce and sell food, beverage, tobacco, wood, plastics, chemical products, metals, electronics, and machinery products, in both wholesale and retail trade. Manufacturing and trade regulations are laws and policies enacted to control production, distribution, and sale of goods and services. Marine products are non-food goods derived from reefs that promote human well-being (e.g, aquarium fish or ornamental resources) and human health (e.g., pharmaceuticals and cosmetics). Ornamental Jewelry & Art includes products derived from reef species, including coral and sponges to make artistic products for display or retail sale as souvenirs, beads, or jewelry. Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics industries are engaged in manufacturing drugs, medicines and related products for human or animal use. Marine ecosystems provide sources and templates for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biochemicals, and other biomaterials. The Reef Ecosystem includes a suite of abiotic variables that form the physical and chemical environment. Pressures are human activities that create stress on the environment. Provisioning services are the products or ecosystem goods obtained from ecosystems, including seafood, genetic and biochemical resources, pharmaceuticals, ornamental resources, and water resources. The state of the Reef Ecosystem is the condition, in terms of quantity and quality, of the abiotic and biotic components including physical, chemical, and biological variables. Reef Habitat is the abundance, distribution, and condition of the benthic components of the reef ecosystem. Reef Inhabitants are all of the motile components of the reef ecosystem, including fish, invertebrates, marine reptiles and mammals, and are quantified by their abundance, distribution, and condition. Reef Life is the abundance, distribution, and condition of the biological components of the coral reef ecosystem. Resource use management pertains to responses to regulate or limit contact activities that may directly impact coastal species through harvesting or physical damage. Responses are actions taken by groups or individuals in society and government to prevent, compensate, ameliorate or adapt to changes in Ecosystem Services or their perceived value. Rock production is the processes by which calcified coral skeletons can be harvested to form rocks and building blocks. Socio-Economic Drivers include the sectors that fulfill human needs for Food & Raw Materials, Water, Shelter, Health, Culture, and Security, and the Infrastructure that supports the sectors. The Souvenir and Decorative Trade is involved in producing and selling souvenirs and novelty decorative items, including those derived from marine products. Sponges are sessile colonial animals with soft porous bodies supported by a fibrous skeletal framework. Valuation is the process of estimating the worth, merit, or desirability of benefits derived from ecosystems.

CMap Description

A number of reef-dependent organisms may be harvested or collected for development or sale as marine products. A large number of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products have been derived from sponges, snails, and other marine organisms. Marine ecosystems are complex and species-rich with a vast array of predator-prey relationships that, coupled with the challenges of living in an aqueous medium, have resulted in a myriad of secondary metabolites with extraordinarily complex, hitherto unseen structures. From 1977�1987, the first decade of intensive marine exploration, about 2500 previously unknown metabolites were reported. Among the relatively small percentage of marine biochemicals that have been isolated, identified, and tested are pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, food additives, anti-fouling agents, adhesives, and physical and chemical templates in a variety of fields. Many of the sectors that benefit from marine products also create pressures on the reef ecosystem through coastal development, pollution, and harvesting. Overfishing, or accidental harvesting of non-target species, can disrupt the reef food web. Trade regulations and economic markets, including supply and demand, will influence the value of marine products. Species protections and fishing regulations can control the amount of potential stock that is actually harvested, or limit harvest of vulnerable taxa.

Citations

Citation Year Study Location Study Type Database Topics
Principe, P., P. Bradley, S. Yee, W. Fisher, E. Johnson, P. Allen, and D. Campbell. 2012. Quantifying Coral Reef Ecosystem Services. EPA/600/R-11/206, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. 2012 Global Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Beach & Land Formation; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corporate Responses; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Cultural Services; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fish; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Provisioning Services; Regulating Services; Seagrasses; Shoreline Protection; Supporting Services; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Anavi, Y; Avishai, G; Calderon, S; Allon, DM. 2011. Bone Remodeling in Onlay Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate and Coral Grafts to Rat Calvaria: Microcomputerized Tomography Analysis. Journal of Oral Implantology 37:379-386. 2011 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Aragon, J; Gonzalez, R; Fuentes, G; Palin, L; Croce, G; Viterbo, D. 2011. Development and Characterization of a Novel Bioresorbable and Bioactive Biomaterial Based on Polyvinyl Acetate, Calcium Carbonate and Coralline Hydroxyapatite. Materials Research-Ibero-American Journal of Materials 14:25-30. 2011 Cuba Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Bai, XT; Chen, YC; Chen, WZ; Lei, HP; Shi, GG. 2011. Volatile Constituents, Inorganic Elements and Primary Screening of Bioactivity of Black Coral Cigarette Holders. Marine Drugs 9:863-878. 2011 China CO2; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Berrue, F; Withers, ST; Haltli, B; Withers, J; Kerr, RG. 2011. Chemical Screening Method for the Rapid Identification of Microbial Sources of Marine Invertebrate-Associated Metabolites. Marine Drugs 9:369-381. 2011 Microorganisms; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Cai, L; Wang, Q; Gu, CM; Wu, JG; Wang, J; Kang, N; Hu, JW; Xie, F; Yan, L; Liu, X; Cao, YL; Xiao, R. 2011. Vascular and micro-environmental influences on MSC-coral hydroxyapatite construct-based bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 32:8497-8505. 2011 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chien, CS; Liao, TY; Hong, TF; Kuo, TY; Wu, JL; Lee, TM. 2011. Investigation into microstructural properties of fluorapatite Nd-YAG laser clad coatings with PVA and WG binders. Surface and Coatings Technology 205:3141-3146. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Chou, JH; Ben-Nissan, B; Green, DW; Valenzuela, SM; Kohan, L. 2011. Targeting and Dissolution Characteristics of Bone Forming and Antibacterial Drugs by Harnessing the Structure of Microspherical Shells from Coral Beach Sand. Advanced Engineering Materials 13:93-99. 2011 Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Crimmins, MT; Stauffer, CS; Mans, MC. 2011. Total Syntheses of (+)-Vigulariol and (-)-Sclerophytin A. Organic Letters 13:4890-4893. 2011 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Drahl, MA; Akhmedov, NG; Williams, LJ. 2011. Selective conversion of an enantioenriched cyclononadienone to the xeniolide, xenibellol, and florlide cores: an integrated routing strategy. Tetrahedron Letters 52:325-328. 2011 Florida Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Gaitan, AS; Mora, PAR; Narvaez, DM; Moreno, LMM. 2011. Characterising structural, mechanical and cytotoxic properties of coral-based composite material intended for bone implant applications. Revista Ingenieria e Investigacion 31:135-141. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Goncalves, S; Nicolas, M; Maillos, P; Baati, R. 2011. Cationic cyclization of keto-epoxides mediated by zirconium(IV) tetrachloride: diastereoselective synthesis of cis-decalinols. Tetrahedron 67:8373-8382. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Grkovic, T; Whitson, EL; Rabe, DC; Gardella, RS; Bottaro, DP; Linehan, WM; McMahon, JB; Gustafson, KR; McKee, TC. 2011. Identification and evaluation of soft coral diterpenes as inhibitors of HIF-2 alpha induced gene expression. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 21:2113-2115. 2011 Octocoral; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Special Use Permitting
Guinchard, X; Roulland, E. 2011. Various Entries to Vinyl Chloride Derivatives and their Applications in Total Synthesis of Natural Products. Synlett 2779-2788. 2011 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hassan, HM; Elnagar, AY; Khanfar, MA; Sallam, AA; Mohammed, R; Shaala, LA; Youssef, DTA; Hifnawy, MS; El Sayed, KA. 2011. Design of semisynthetic analogues and 3D-QSAR study of eunicellin-based diterpenoids as prostate cancer migration and invasion inhibitors. European Journal Of Medicinal Chemistry 46:1122-1130. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Invasive Species; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Jones, AC; Monroe, EA; Podell, S; Hess, WR; Klages, S; Esquenazi, E; Niessen, S; Hoover, H; Rothmann, M; Lasken, RS; Yates, JR; Reinhardt, R; Kube, M; Burkart, MD; Allen, EE; Dorrestein, PC; Gerwick, WH; Gerwick, L. 2011. Genomic insights into the physiology and ecology of the marine filamentous cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108:8815-8820. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kanamoto, H; Takemura, M; Ohyama, K. 2011. Identification of a cyclooxygenase gene from the red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla and bioconversion of arachidonic acid to PGF(2 alpha) in engineered Escherichia coli. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 91:1121-1129. 2011 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Kasioptas, A; Geisler, T; Perdikouri, C; Trepmann, C; Gussone, N; Putnis, A. 2011. Polycrystalline apatite synthesized by hydrothermal replacement of calcium carbonates. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 75:3486-3500. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Li, CQ; Liu, WC; Zhu, P; Yang, JL; Cheng, KD. 2011. Phylogenetic Diversity of Bacteria Associated with the Marine Sponge Gelliodes carnosa Collected from the Hainan Island Coastal Waters of the South China Sea. Microbial Ecology 62:800-812. 2011 China Cyanobacteria; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Liu, Y; Jiang, T; Zhou, Y; Zhang, Z; Wang, ZJ; Tong, H; Shen, XY; Wang, YN. 2011. Evaluation of the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblast on a calcium carbonate coating on titanium surface. Materials Science and Engineering C 31:1055-1061. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Matsuda, Y; Endo, Y; Satkawa, Y; Nakata, M. 2011. Synthetic Studies on Polymaxenolides: Synthesis and Structure Elucidation of Nominal Epoxyafricanane and Other Africane-Type Sesquiterpenoids. Journal of Organic Chemistry 76:6258-6263. 2011 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Pawlik, JR. 2011. The Chemical Ecology of Sponges on Caribbean Reefs: Natural Products Shape Natural Systems. Bioscience 61:888-898. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Model Climate; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tube, Barrel, & Finger Sponges
Rahman, MA; Fujimura, H; Shinjo, R; Oomori, T. 2011. Extracellular matrix protein in calcified endoskeleton: a potential additive for crystal growth and design. Journal of Crystal Growth 324:177-183. 2011 Biotechnology Research & Development; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Sarin, P; Lee, SJ; Apostolov, ZD; Kriven, WM. 2011. Porous Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds from Cuttlefish Bone. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 94:2362-2370. 2011 Fish; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Stabili, L; Schirosi, R; Di Benedetto, A; Merendino, A; Villanova, L; Giangrande, A. 2011. First insights into the biochemistry of Sabella spallanzanii (Annelida: Polychaeta) mucus: a potentially unexplored resource for applicative purposes. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91:199-208. 2011 Echinoderms; Marine Worms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Su, CC; Su, JH; Lin, JJ; Chen, CC; Hwang, WI; Huang, HH; Wu, YJ. 2011. An Investigation into the Cytotoxic Effects of 13-Acetoxysarcocrassolide from the Soft Coral Sarcophyton crassocaule on Bladder Cancer Cells. Marine Drugs 9:2622-2642. 2011 India Field Study & Monitoring Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Supova, M; Martynkova, GS; Sucharda, Z. 2011. Bioapatite Made From Chicken Femur Bone. Ceramics - Silikaty 55:256-260. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Yang, Y; Yao, QQ; Pu, XM; Hou, ZQ; Zhang, QQ. 2011. Biphasic calcium phosphate macroporous scaffolds derived from oyster shells for bone tissue engineering. Chemical Engineering Journal 173:837-845. 2011 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Younesi, M; Javadpour, S; Bahrololoom, ME. 2011. Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature on Chemical Compositions of Extracted Hydroxyapatite from Bovine Bone Ash. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 20:1484-1490. 2011 Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zhang, S; Mao, T; Chen, F. 2011. Influence of platelet-rich plasma on ectopic bone formation of bone marrow stromal cells in porous coral. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 40:961-965. 2011 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Arai, M. and M. Kobayashi. 2010. Search for Medicinal Seeds from Marine Organisms. Journal Of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan 68:470-479. 2010 Japan; Indonesia Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Bilic, G., C. Brubaker, P. B. Messersmith, A. S. Mallik, T. M. Quinne, C. Haller, E. Done, L. Gucciardo, S. M. Zeisberger, R. Zimmermann, J. Deprest, and A. H. Zisch. 2010. Injectable candidate sealants for fetal membrane repair: bonding and toxicity in vitro. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 202:85.e1-85.e9. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Blunt, J. W., B. R. Copp, M. H. G. Munro, P. T. Northcote, and M. R. Prinsep. 2010. Marine natural products. Natural Product Reports 27:165-237. 2010 Review Algae; Echinoderms; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Plankton; Sponges; Tunicates
Collini, E., C. Y. Wong, K. E. Wilk, P. M. G. Curmi, P. Brumer, and G. D. Scholes. 2010. Coherently wired light-harvesting in photosynthetic marine algae at ambient temperature. Nature 463:644-647. 2010 Algae; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
DiMasi, J. A., L. Feldman, A. Seckler, and A. Wilson. 2010. Trends in risks associated with new drug development: success rates for investigational drugs. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 87:272-277. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Gergely, G., F. Weber, I. Lukacs, L. Illes, A. L. Toth, Z. E. Horvath, J. Mihaly, and C. Balazsi. 2010. Nano-hydroxyapatite preparation from biogenic raw materials. Central European Journal Of Chemistry 8:375-381. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Harrington, M. J., A. Masic, N. Holten-Andersen, J. H. Waite, and P. Fratzl. 2010. Iron-clad fibers: a metal-based biological strategy for hard flexible coatings. Science 328:216-220. 2010 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Harvey, A. L., R. L. Clark, S. P. Mackay and B. F. Johnston. 2010. Current strategies for drug discovery through natural products. Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery 5:559-568. 2010 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hou, Y. and L. Harinantenaina. 2010. New and Bioactive Natural Products Isolated from Madagascar Plants and Marine Organisms. Current Medicinal Chemistry 17:1191-1219. 2010 Madagascar Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Huang, C. Y., J. H. Su, Y. C. Liu, Z. H. Wen, C. H. Hsu, M. Y. Chiang, and J. H. Sheu. 2010. Oppositane-Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Formosan Soft Coral Sinularia leptoclados. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 83:678-682. 2010 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Special Use Permitting
Hunt, M. E., M. P. Scherrer, F. D. Ferrari, and M. V. Matz. 2010. Very Bright Green Fluorescent Proteins from the Pontellid Copepod Pontella mimocerami. PLoS One 5:e11517. 2010 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Biomedical Research Policies; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Januar, H. I., E. Chasanah, C. A. Motti, D. M. Tapiolas, C. H. Liptrot, and A. D. Wright. 2010. Cytotoxic Cembranes from Indonesian Specimens of the Soft Coral Nephthea sp. Marine Drugs 8:2142-2152. 2010 Indonesia Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kate, A. S., K. Richard, B. Ramanathan, and R. G. Kerr. 2010. A halogenated pseudopterane diterpene from the Bahamian octocoral Pseudopterogorgia acerosa. Canadian Journal Of Chemistry-revue Canadienne De Chimie 88:318-322. 2010 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kikuchi, K., J. E. Holdway, A. A. Werdich, R. M. Anderson, Y. Fang, G. F. Egnaczyk, T. Evans, C. A. MacRae, D. Y. R. Stainier, and K. D. Poss. 2010. Primary contribution to zebrafish heart regeneration by gata4+ cardiomyocytes. Nature 464:601-605. 2010 Model; GIS & Maps Fish; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kongkathip, B., A. Hasakunpaisarn, S. Boonananwong, and N. Kongkathip. 2010. Synthesis of cytotoxic novel 9,11-secosterol analogs: Structure/activity studies. Steroids 75:834-847. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mayer, A. M. S., K. B. Glaser, C. Cuevas, R. S. Jacobs, W. Kem, R. D. Little, J. M. Mcintosh, D. J. Newman, B. C. Potts, and D. E. Shuster. 2010. The odyssey of marine pharmaceuticals: a current pipeline perspective. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 31:225-265. 2010 Global Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Messersmith, P. B. 2010. Holding on by a hard-shell thread. Science 328:180-181. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Movassaghi, M., D. S. Siegel, and S. Han. 2010. Total synthesis of all (-)-agelastatin alkaloids. Chemical Science 1:561-566. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Nayar, S., S. P. Sagar, and A. Guha. 2010. Non-destructive evaluation of mechanical properties of poly (vinyl) alcohol-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 21:1099-1102. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Nunez-Pons, L., R. Forestieri, R. M. Nieto, M. Varela, M. Nappo, J. Rodriguez, C. Jimenez, F. Castelluccio, M. Carbone, A. Ramos-Espla, M. Gavagnin, and C. Avila. 2010. Chemical defenses of tunicates of the genus Aplidium from the Weddell Sea (Antarctica). Polar Biology 33:1319-1329. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Seastars; Tunicates
Penesyan, A., S. Kjelleberg, and S. Egan. 2010. Development of novel drugs from marine surface associated microorganisms. Marine Drugs 8:438-459. 2010 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Rasala, B. A., M. Muto, P. A. Lee, M. Jager, R. M. R. Cardoso, C. A. Behnke, P. Kirk, C. A. Hokanson, R. Crea, M. Mendez, and S. P. Mayfield. 2010. Production of therapeutic proteins in algae, analysis of expression of seven human proteins in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Biotechnology 8:719-733. 2010 Algae; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Rastogi, R. P., Richa, R. P. Sinha, S. P. Singh, and D. P. Hader. 2010. Photoprotective compounds from marine organisms. Journal Of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology 37:537-558. 2010 Algae; Cyanobacteria; Light; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Plankton
Ripamonti, U., R. M. Klar, L. F. Renton, and C. Ferretti. 2010. Synergistic induction of bone formation by hOP-1, hTGF-beta(3) and inhibition by zoledronate in macroporous coral-derived hydroxyapatites. Biomaterials 31:6400-6410. 2010 Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Rosenfelder, N., N. J. Van Zee, J. F. Mueller, C. Gaus, and W. Vetter. 2010. Gas Chromatography/Electron Ionization-Mass Spectrometry-Selected Ion Monitoring Screening Method for a Thorough Investigation of Polyhalogenated Compounds in Passive Sampler Extracts with Quadrupole Systems. Analytical Chemistry 82:9835-9842. 2010 Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Saleh, M. B. and R. G. Kerr. 2010. Identification of the Cyclase Product and its First Oxidation Product in the Biosynthesis of Fuscol and Fuscosides. Australian Journal of Chemistry 63:901-906. 2010 South & Central America; Cuba; Caribbean Model Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sella, I. and Y. Benayahu. 2010. Rearing cuttings of the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea): towards mass production in a closed seawater system. Aquaculture Research 41:1748-1758. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Salinity
Singh, S. P., A. Azua, A. Chaudhary, S. Khan, K. L. Willett, and P. R. Gardinali. 2010. Occurrence and distribution of steroids, hormones and selected pharmaceuticals in South Florida coastal environments. Ecotoxicology 19:338-350. 2010 Florida Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands
Subramanian, S., M. Agarwal, T. Board, A. K. Gambhir, A. Hoad-Reddick, and M. Porter. 2010. Distally locked, fully hydroxyapatite coated modular long stems in salvage revision hip arthroplasty: a report of early experience. European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology 20:17-21. 2010 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sutherland, K. R., L. P. Madina, and R. Stockerb. 2010. Filtration of submicrometer particles by pelagic tunicates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107:15129-15134. 2010 Model Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Plankton; Tunicates
Yao, H., M. Dao, T. Imholt, J. Huang, K. Wheeler, A. Bonilla, S. Suresh, and C. Ortiz. 2010. Protection mechanisms of the iron-plated armor of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent gastropod. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107:987-992. 2010 India Field Study & Monitoring Mitigation; Molluscs; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zhang, Y., Q. S. Yin, Y. Zhang, H. Xia, F. Z. Ai, Y. P. Jiao, and X. Q. Chen. 2010. Determination of antibacterial properties and cytocompatibility of silver-loaded coral hydroxyapatite. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 21:2453-2462. 2010 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Baerga-Ortiz, A. 2009. Biotechnology and biochemistry of marine natural products. Marine Biotechnology 28:251-257. 2009 Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Berrue, F. and R. G. Kerr. 2009. Diterpenes from gorgonian corals. Natural Product Reports 26:681-710. 2009 Review Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Bialonska, D. and J. K. Zjawiony. 2009. Aplysinopsins - Marine indole alkaloids: Chemistry, bioactivity and ecological significance. Marine Drugs 7:166-183. 2009 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia; Caribbean Review Anemones & Zooanthids; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Stony Coral
Check, W. 2009. DNA sequencing grows virtuosic - And deep. Microbe 4:18-22. 2009 Biomedical Research Policies; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chen, S.-P., J.-H. Su, H.-C. Yeh, A. F. Ahmed, C.-F. Dai, Y.-C. Wu, and J.-H. Sheu. 2009. Novel norhumulene and Xeniaphyllane-Derived terpenoids from a formosan soft coral sinularia gibberosa. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 57:162-166. 2009 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Cheng, X. K., Q. J. He, J. Q. Li, Z. L. Huang, and R. A. Chi. 2009. Control of Pore Size of the Bubble-Template Porous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Microsphere by Adjustable Pressure. Crystal Growth and Design 9:2770-2775. 2009 CO2; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Cobar, O. M. 2009. Survey of 2,11-cyclized cembranoids from Caribbean sources. Natural Product Research 23:26-43. 2009 South & Central America; Caribbean Review Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Craggs, T. D. 2009. Green fluorescent protein: structure, folding and chromophore maturation. Chemical Society Reviews 38:2865-2875. 2009 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Forte, B., B. Malgesini, C. Piutti, F. Quartieri, A. Scolaro, and G. Papeo. 2009. A Submarine Journey: The Pyrrole-Imidazole Alkaloids. Marine Drugs 7:705-753. 2009 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Graham, J. S., R. S. Stevenson, L. W. Mitcheltree, T. A. Hamilton, R. R. Deckert, R. B. Lee, and A. M. Schiavetta. 2009. Medical management of cutaneous sulfur mustard injuries. Toxicology 263:47-58. 2009 Florida Lab Study Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ioannou, E., A. F. Abdel-Razik, X. Alexi, C. Vagias, M. N. Alexis, and V. Roussis. 2009. 9,11-Secosterols with antiproliferative activity from the gorgonian Eunicella cavolini. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 17:4537-4541. 2009 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ivankovic, H., G. G. Ferrer, E. Tkalcec, S. Orlic, and M. Ivankovic. 2009. Preparation of highly porous hydroxyapatite from cuttlefish bone. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 20:1039-1046. 2009 Fish; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Khalesi, M. K., H. H. Beeftink, and R. H. Wijffels. 2009. Light-dependency of growth and secondary metabolite production in the captive zooxanthellate soft coral sinularia flexibilis. Marine Biotechnology 11:488-494. 2009 Algae; Light; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Primary Production; Zooxanthellae
Kitson, R. R. A., A. Millemaggi, and R. J. K. Taylor. 2009. The Renaissance of alpha-Methylene-gamma-butyrolactones: New Synthetic Approaches. Angewandte Chemie-international Edition 48:9426-9451. 2009 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Li, Z. 2009. Advances in marine microbial symbionts in the China Sea and related pharmaceutical metabolites. Marine Drugs 7:113-129. 2009 China Review Algae; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Lin, M. Z., M. R. McKeown, H. L. Ng, T. A. Aguilera, N. C. Shaner, R. E. Campbell, S. R. Adams, L. A. Gross, W. Ma, T. Alber, and R. Y. Tsien. 2009. Autofluorescent Proteins with Excitation in the Optical Window for Intravital Imaging in Mammals. Chemistry & Biology 16:1169-1179. 2009 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Biomedical Research Policies; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Manzo, E., M. L. Ciavatta, M. Gavagnin, G. Villani, C. Quaranta, L. D'Souza, and G. Cimino. 2009. A new xenicane norditerpene from the Indian marine gorgonian Acanthogorgia turgida. Natural Product Research 23:1664-1670. 2009 India Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Molinski, T. F., D. S. Dalisay, S. L. Lievens, and J. P. Saludes. 2009. Drug development from marine natural products. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 8:69-85. 2009 Europe Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Snails & Conch
Nakamura, K., M. Kitamura, and D. Uemura. 2009. Biologically active marine natural products. Heterocycles 78:17-Jan. 2009 Japan Field Study & Monitoring Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Ning, Y., T. Wei, C. Defu, X. Yonggang, H. Da, C. Dafu, S. Lei, and G. Zhizhong. 2009. The research of degradability of a novel biodegradable coralline hydroxyapatite after implanted into rabbit. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 88:741-746. 2009 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Parvatkar, R. R., C. D'Souza, A. Tripathi, and C. G. Naik. 2009. Aspernolides A and B, butenolides from a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus. Phytochemistry 70:128-132. 2009 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Philippot, R., F. Delangle, F. X. Verdot, F. Farizon, and M. H. Fessy. 2009. Femoral deficiency reconstruction using a hydroxyapatite-coated locked modular stem. A series of 43 total hip revisions. Orthopaedics & Traumatology-surgery & Research 95:119-126. 2009 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Philippot, R., F. Delangle, F.-X. Verdot, F. Farizon, and M.-H. Fessy. 2009. Femoral deficiency reconstruction using a hydroxyapatite-coated locked modular stem. A series of 43 total hip revisions. Orthopaedics and Traumatology: Surgery and Research 95:119-126. 2009 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Qi, S.-H., G.-C. Su, Y.-F. Wang, Q.-Y. Liu, and C.-H. Gao. 2009. Alkaloids from the South China sea black coral antipathes dichotoma. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 57:87-88. 2009 Japan; China Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ripamonti, U., J. Crooks, L. Khoali, and L. Roden. 2009. The induction of bone formation by coral-derived calcium carbonate/hydroxyapatite constructs. Biomaterials 30:1428-1439. 2009 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sashidhara, K. V., K. N. White, and P. Crews. 2009. A selective account of effective paradigms and significant outcomes in the discovery of inspirational marine natural products. Journal of Natural Products 72:588-603. 2009 Review Collaboration & Partnering; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Schlesinger, A., E. Kramarsky-Winter, and Y. Loya. 2009. Active Nematocyst Isolation Via Nudibranchs. Marine Biotechnology 11:441-444. 2009 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Anemones & Zooanthids; Biomedical Research Policies; Discharges; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sharp, K., K. E. Arthur, L. Gu, C. Ross, G. Harrison, S. P. Gunasekera, T. Meickle, S. Matthew, H. Luesch, R. W. Thacker, D. H. Sherman, and V. J. Paul. 2009. Phylogenetic and chemical diversity of three chemotypes of bloom-forming Lyngbya species (cyanobacteria: Oscillatoriales) from reefs of southeastern Florida. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75:2879-2888. 2009 Florida Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Subramanian, S., M. Agarwal, T. Board, A. K. Gambhir, A. Hoad-Reddick, and M. Porter. 2009. Distally locked, fully hydroxyapatite coated modular long stems in salvage revision hip arthroplasty: a report of early experience. European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology 0:5-Jan. 2009 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Trost, B. M. and G. B. Dong. 2009. A Stereodivergent Strategy to Both Product Enantiomers from the Same Enantiomer of a Stereoinducing Catalyst: Agelastatin A. Chemistry-a European Journal 15:6910-6919. 2009 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Uemura, D., M. Kita, H. Arimoto, and M. Kitamura. 2009. Recent aspects of chemical ecology: Natural toxins, coral communities, and symbiotic relationships. Pure and Applied Chemistry 81:1093-1111. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Vetter, W., N. Rosenfelder, J. F. Muller, C. Gaus, and N. J. Van Zee. 2009. CHED 128-Analysis of halogenated natural products in sediment and passive sampler samples from the Great Barrier Reef. Abstracts Of Papers Of The American Chemical Society 238. 2009 Australia Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sediment
Vetter, W., P. Haase-Aschoff, N. Rosenfelder, T. Komarova, and J. F. Mueller. 2009. Determination of Halogenated Natural Products in Passive Samplers Deployed along the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland/Australia. Environmental Science and Technology 43:6131-6137. 2009 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Whales & Dolphins
Viitala, R., V. Franklin, D. Green, C. Liu, A. Lloyd, and B. Tighe. 2009. Towards a synthetic osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis. Acta Biomaterialia 5:438-452. 2009 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Williams, D. R., M. J. Walsh, and N. A. Miller. 2009. Studies for the Synthesis of Xenicane Diterpenes. A Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of 4-Hydroxydictyolactone. Journal of the American Chemical Society 131:9038-9045. 2009 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Wright, A. D., J. L. Nielson, D. M. Tapiolas, C. A. Motti, S. P. B. Ovenden, P. S. Kearns, and C. H. Liptrot. 2009. Detailed NMR, Including 1,1-ADEQUATE, and Anticancer Studies of Compounds from the Echinoderm Colobometra perspinosa. Marine Drugs 7:565-575. 2009 Australia Echinoderms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Xue, L. Y., X. C. Zhang, and W. Zhang. 2009. Larval release and settlement of the marine sponge Hymeniacidon perlevis (Porifera, Demospongiae) under controlled laboratory conditions. Aquaculture 290:132-139. 2009 Cuba Lab Study; Model Aquaculture; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Yamashita, T., Y. Nakao, S. Matsunaga, T. Oikawa, Y. Imahara, and N. Fusetani. 2009. A new antiangiogenic C-24 oxylipin from the soft coral Sinularia numerosa. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 17:2181-2184. 2009 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Yamashita, T., Y. Nakao, S. Matsunaga, T. Oikawa, Y. Imahara, and N. Fusetani. 2009. A new antiangiogenic C24 oxylipin from the soft coral Sinularia numerosa. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 17:2181-2184. 2009 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Yuan, N., W. Tian, D. F. Chen, Y. G. Xing, D. He, D. F. Chen, L. Sun, and Z. Z. Gao. 2009. The research of degradability of a novel biodegradable coralline hydroxyapatite after implanted into rabbit. Journal Of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 741-746. 2009 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Changyun, W., L. Haiyan, S. Changlun, W. Yanan, L. Liang, and G. Huashi. 2008. Chemical defensive substances of soft corals and gorgonians. Acta Ecologica Sinica 28:2320-2328. 2008 China Review Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Cuong, N. X., T. A. Tuan, P. Van Kiem, C. Van Minh, E. M. Choi, and Y. H. Kim. 2008. New cembranoid diterpenes from the Vietnamese soft coral Sarcophyton mililatensis stimulate osteoblastic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Cells. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 56:988-992. 2008 Japan; Vietnam Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
DeBusk, B. C., M. Slattery, J.-S. Ki, J.-S. Lee, R. Aparicio-Fabre, and D. Schlenk. 2008. Species differences and effects of soft coral extracts from Sinnularia maximus on the expression of cytochrome P4501A and 2N in butterflyfishes (Chaetodon spp.). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 34:483-492. 2008 Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Ebada, S. S., R. A. Edrada, W. Lin, and P. Proksch. 2008. Methods for isolation, purification and structural elucidation of bioactive secondary metabolites from marine invertebrates. Nature Protocols 3:1820-1831. 2008 Echinoderms; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Tunicates
Ellis, J. M. and M. T. Crimmins. 2008. Strategies for the total synthesis of C2-C11 cyclized cembranoids. Chemical Reviews 108:5278-5298. 2008 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Gerwick, W. H. 2008. Marine Remedies. Pages 425-429 in Walsh, P. J., S. L. Smith, L. E. Fleming, H. M. Solo-Gabriele, and W. H. Gerwick, editors. Oceans and human health. Risks and remedies from the seas. Academic Press, San Diego. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Goffredo, S. and H. R. Lasker. 2008. An adaptive management approach to an octocoral fishery based on the Beverton-Holt model. Coral Reefs 27:751-761. 2008 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Model Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Holt, G. E., J. L. Halpern, C. C. Lynch, C. J. Devin, and H. S. Schwartz. 2008. Imaging analysis of the in vivo bioreactor: A preliminary study. Pages 1890-1896 in Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 2008 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hu, Q.-L. 2008. Nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen composites imitating cancellous bone for repair of massive bone defects in rabbits. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:8935-8938. 2008 Lab Study Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Huigens, R. W. III, L. Ma, C. Gambino, P. D. R. Moeller, A. Basso, J. Cavanagh, D. J. Wozniak, and C. Melander. 2008. Control of bacterial biofilms with marine alkaloid derivatives. Molecular BioSystems 4:614-621. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kapojos, M. M., R. E. P. Mangindaan, T. Nakazawa, T. Oda, K. Ukai, and M. Namikoshi. 2008. Three new nardosinane type sesquiterpenes from an Indonesian soft coral Nephthea sp. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 56:332-334. 2008 Japan; Indonesia Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Khalesi, M. K. 2008. Cell cultures from the symbiotic soft coral Sinularia flexibilis. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Animal 44:330-338. 2008 Algae; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate; Zooxanthellae
Kim, S.-K., Y. D. Ravichandran, S. B. Khan, and Y. T. Kim. 2008. Prospective of the cosmeceuticals derived from marine organisms. Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering 13:511-523. 2008 Review Algae; Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Lei, Z.-M. and M. Zhang. 2008. Study of root canal filling in dogs by using compound coral paste. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:1983-1986. 2008 Lab Study Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Li, R.-Q., G.-P. Zhang, Z.-Y. Sha, H.-Y. Gao, L.-Z. Ren, W. Dong, F. Zhao, and W. Wang. 2008. Liquid nano-materials for bone repair. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:1915-1918. 2008 China Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Li, T., H.-M. Zang, and T.-S. Tang. 2008. 1, 25-(OH)2VitD3 promotes osteogenesis and vascularization of tissue-engineered bone. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:2001-2005. 2008 Cuba Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Li, T., Y.-T. Yu, J. Wang, and T.-S. Tang. 2008. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulates bone neovascularization by enhancing the interactions of osteoblasts-like cells and endothelial cells. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 86:583-588. 2008 Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Liang, C.-H., G.-H. Wang, C.-C. Liaw, M.-F. Lee, S.-H. Wang, D.-L. Cheng, and T.-H. Chou. 2008. Extracts from Cladiella australis, Clavularia viridis and Klyxum simplex (Soft Corals) are capable of inhibiting the growth of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Marine Drugs 6:595-606. 2008 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mangano, C., F. Mangano, A. Piattelli, A. Macchi, A. Mangano, and L. La Colla. 2008. Bone tissue engineering vs porous hydroxyapatite in maxillary sinus lift [Osso ingegnerizzato versus idrossiapatite porosa nel rialzo del seno mascellare]. Italian Oral Surgery 7:45-59. 2008 Germany Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Petrov, P., P. Mokreva, C. B. Tsvetanov, and L. Terlemezyan. 2008. Colloidal aqueous dispersion of polyaniline nanotubes grafted non-covalently with poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(acrylic acid) copolymer. Colloid and Polymer Science 286:691-697. 2008 Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Pongprayoon, C. 2008. Outcome of porous implants: incidence of complications, management, and morbidity. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet 0. 2008 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Poza, J. J., R. Fernandez, F. Reyes, J. Rodriguez, and C. Jimenez. 2008. Isolation, biological significance, synthesis, and cytotoxic evaluation of new natural parathiosteroids A-C and analogues from the soft coral Paragorgia sp. Journal of Organic Chemistry 73:7978-7984. 2008 Madagascar Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Santos, P. R., N. Added, J. H. Aburaya, and M. A. Rizzutto. 2008. Measurements of Sr/Ca in bones to evaluate differences in temperature. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 266:1616-1618. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Special Use Permitting
Siddiq, A. and V. Dembitsky. 2008. Acetylenic anticancer agents. Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 8:132-170. 2008 Review Algae; Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Tunicates
Simmons, T. L. and W. H. Gerwick. 2008. Anticancer drugs of marine origin. Pages 431-452 in P. J. Walsh, S. L. Smith, L. E. Fleming, H. M. Solo-Gabriele, and W. H Gerwick, editors. Oceans and human health. Risks and remedies from the seas. Academic Press, San Diego. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Skindersoe, M. E., P. Ettinger-Epstein, T. B. Rasmussen, T. Bjarnsholt, R. De Nys, and M. Givskov. 2008. Quorum sensing antagonism from marine organisms. Marine Biotechnology 10:56-63. 2008 Global; Australia; Oman Microorganisms; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Sung, P.-J., C.-H. Pai, T.-L. Hwang, T.-Y. Fan, J.-H. Su, J.-J. Chen, L.-S. Fang, W.-H. Wang, and J.-H. Sheu. 2008. Junceols D-H, new polyoxygenated briaranes from sea whip gorgonian coral Junceella juncea (Ellisellidae). Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 56:1276-1281. 2008 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sung, P.-J., M.-R. Lin, T.-L. Hwang, T.-Y. Fan, W.-C. Su, C.-C. Ho, L.-S. Fang, and W.-H. Wang. 2008. Briaexcavatins M-P, four new briarane-related diterpenoids from cultured octocoral Briareum excavatum (Briareidae). Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 56:930-935. 2008 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Tadesse, M., B. Gulliksen, M. B. Strom, O. B. Styrvold, and T. Haug. 2008. Screening for antibacterial and antifungal activities in marine benthic invertebrates from northern Norway. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 99:286-293. 2008 Norway Fish; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Tunicates
Tang, Y., W. Tang, Y. Lin, J. Long, H. Wang, L. Liu, and W. Tian. 2008. Combination of bone tissue engineering and BMP-2 gene transfection promotes bone healing in osteoporotic rats. Cell Biology International 32:1150-1157. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Tang, Y.-C., Y.-Q. Wang, and W. Tang. 2008. Repairing mandibular defect by gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with coral hydroxyapatite scaffold in osteoporotic rats. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:2601-2605. 2008 Lab Study; Model Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Udwary, D. W., J. A. Kalaitzis, and B. S. Moore. 2008. Emerging marine biotechnologies: cloning of marine biosynthetic gene clusters. Pages 507-524 in P. J. Walsh, S. L. Smith, L. E. Fleming, H. M. Solo-Gabriele, and W. H. Gerwick, editors. Oceans and human health: risks and remedies from the seas. Academic Press, San Diego. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Vago, R. 2008. Cnidarians biomineral in tissue engineering: A review. Marine Biotechnology 10:343-349. 2008 Review Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Watanabe, K., R. Makino, H. Takahashi, K. Iguchi, H. Ohrui, and K. Akasaka. 2008. Structure of an unsaturated fatty acid with unique vicinal dimethyl branches isolated from the Okinawan soft coral of the genus Sinularia. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 56:861-863. 2008 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Williams, P. G. 2008. Panning for chemical gold: marine bacteria as a source of new therapeutics. Trends in Biotechnology 27:45-52. 2008 Review Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Work, T. M., L. L. Richardson, T. L. Reynolds, and B. L. Willis. 2008. Biomedical and veterinary science can increase our understanding of coral disease. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 362:63-70. 2008 Global Model; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Yuan, N., W. Tian, D.-F. Chen, Y.-G. Xing, D. He, D.-F. Chen, L. Sun, and Z.-Z. Gao. 2008. Degradation of degradable coral-hydroxyapatite after implanted into rabbit and its effect on bone healing. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:9614-9618. 2008 Medical Centers; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Zhang, H.-T., K. Liu, D.-Z. Cai, and Y.-J. Zeng. 2008. Effect of coral hydroxyapatite on the osteogenic property of platelet-rich plasma-induced human bone marrow stromal stem cells. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 12:8815-8818. 2008 Lab Study Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zhang, J., J. Guo, S. Li, B. Song, and K. Yao. 2008. Synthesis of β-tricalcium phosphate using sol-gel self-propagating combustion method. Frontiers of Chemistry in China 3:451-453. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zhong, W., C. Moya, R. S. Jacobs, and R. D. Little. 2008. Synthesis and an evaluation of the bioactivity of the C-glycoside of pseudopterosin a methyl ether. Journal of Organic Chemistry 73:7011-7016. 2008 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Barron, M., L. Franklin, J. Woodall Jr., S. Wingerter, H. Benghuzzi, and M. Tucci. 2007. Comparison of osteoconductive materials on MG63 osteoblast cell function. Pages 248-253 in Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Bowling, J. J., A. J. Kochanowska , N. Kasanah, and M. T. Hamann. 2007. Nature�s bounty-drug discovery from the sea. Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery 2:1505-1522. 2007 Review Microorganisms; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chao, C.-H., H.-C. Huang, Y.-C. Wu, C.-K. Lu, C.-F. Dai, and J.-H. Sheu. 2007. Glycolipids from the Formosan soft coral Lobophytum crassum. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:1720-1723. 2007 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chen, M.-X. and Y.-W. Lin. 2007. Artificial composite bone in repairing bone defects. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:9797-9800. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chen, S.-P., J.-H. Su, A. F. Ahmed, C.-F. Dai, Y.-C. Wu, and J.-H. Sheu. 2007. Xeniaphyllane-derived terpenoids from the Formosan soft coral Sinularia gibberosa. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:1471-1475. 2007 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Choi, A. H. and B. Ben-Nissan. 2007. Sol-gel production of bioactive nanocoatings for medical applications. Part II: Current research and development. Nanomedicine 2:51-61. 2007 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chou, J., B. Ben-Nissan, A. H. Choi, R. Wuhrer, and D. Green. 2007. Conversion of coral sand to calcium phosphate for biomedical applications. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society 43:44-48. 2007 Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Dai, X., Z. Wan, R. G. Kerr, and H. M. L. Davies. 2007. Synthetic and isolation studies related to the marine natural products (+)-elisabethadione and (+)-elisabethamine. Journal of Organic Chemistry 72:1895-1900. 2007 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
DiMasi, J. A. and H. G. Grabowski. 2007. The cost of biopharmaceutical R&D: is biotech different? Managerial and Decision Economics 28:469-479. 2007 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
El-Gamal, A. A. H., S.-K. Wang, and C.-Y. Duh. 2007. Prenylbicyclogermacrane diterpenoids from the formosan soft coral Nephthea elongata. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:890-893. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Fu, Z.-H. and A.-M. Wang. 2007. Tissue-engineered bone grafts in the repair of bone defects in rabbits: Evaluation of radionuclide bone imaging. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:4500-4503. 2007 Medical Centers; Military; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Huang, H.-C., C.-H. Chao, J.-H. Su, C.-H. Hsu, S.-P. Chen, Y.-H. Kuo, and J.-H. Sheu. 2007. Neolemnane-type sesquiterpenoids from a formosan soft coral Paralemnalia thyrsoides. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:876-880. 2007 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ito, H., J. Iwasaki, Y. Sato, M. Aoyagi, K. Iguchi, and T. Yamori. 2007. Marine diterpenoids with a briarane skeleton from the Okinawan soft coral Pachyclavularia violacea. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:1671-1676. 2007 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kamel, H. N., F. R. Fronczek, S. I. Khalifa, and M. Slattery. 2007. Microbial transformation of 5-episinuleptolide. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:537-540. 2007 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kashman, Y., A. Rudi, and D. Pappo. 2007. Recent heterocyclic compounds from marine invertebrates: Structure and synthesis. Pure and Applied Chemistry 79:491-505. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Review Marine Products; Nutrients; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Khalesi, M. K., H. H. Beeftink, and R. H. Wijffels. 2007. Flow-dependent growth in the zooxanthellate soft coral Sinularia flexibilis. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 351:106-113. 2007 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Primary Production; Zooxanthellae
Lebar, M. D., J. L. Heimbegner, and B. J. Baker. 2007. Cold-water marine natural products. Natural Product Reports 24:774-797. 2007 Algae; Echinoderms; Molluscs; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Tunicates
Li, J., Q.-S. Yin, Y. Zhang, J. C. Yang, and H. W. Zhou. 2007. Biological properties of Ag-impregnated composite coralline hydroxyapatite. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research 11:3472-3475. 2007 Lab Study Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Liu, L., R. Chen, Y. Lin, G. Li, W. Tian, and S. Li. 2007. Comparison among four kinds of bone tissue engineering scaffold. Key Engineering Materials 963-966. 2007 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Longford, S. R., N. A. Tujula, G. R. Crocetti, A. J. Holmes, C. Holmstrom, S. Kjelleberg, P. D. Steinberg, and M. W. Taylor. 2007. Comparisons of diversity of bacterial communities associated with three sessile marine eukaryotes. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 48:217-229. 2007 Australia Algae; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Plankton; Sponges
Nassiri, N. 2007. Industry news: Biocoral wins French patent after three years. Pages 7-Jun Biomedical Materials. 2007 France Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Nassiri, N. 2007. Materials: Coral bone substitute proves able to heal bone fast and effectively. Pages 3-Jan Biomedical Materials. 2007 Europe; France Collaboration & Partnering; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Newman, D. J. and G. M. Cragg. 2007. Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Last 25 Years. Journal of Natural Products A-Q. 2007 Review Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Paul, V. J., K. E. Arthur, R. Ritson-Williams, C. Ross, and K. Sharp. 2007. Chemical defenses: From compounds to communities. Biological Bulletin 213:226-251. 2007 Lab Study Algae; Cyanobacteria; Fleshy Macroalgae; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Pecheva, E., P. Montgomery, D. Montaner, and L. Pramatarova. 2007. White light scanning interferometry adapted for large-area optical analysis of thick and rough hydroxyapatite layers. Langmuir 23:3912-3918. 2007 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Sahu, M. K., K. Sivakumar, and L. Kannan. 2007. Marine realm: A treasure house for bioprospecting. Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences 9:191-196. 2007 Global Algae; Echinoderms; Housing; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Tunicates
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Wang, L.-T., S.-K. Wang, K. Soong, and C.-Y. Duh. 2007. New cytotoxic cembranolides from the soft coral Lobophytum michaelae. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 55:766-770. 2007 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Chambers, L. D., K. R. Stokes, F. C. Walsh, and R. J. K Wood. 2006. Modern approaches to marine antifouling coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology 201:3642-3652. 2006 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Chen, B., G. X. Pei, K. Wang, and G. H. Tang. 2006. Long-term observation of large weight-bearing bone defect in goats repaired with tissue engineering technique. Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University 26:770-773. 2006 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Fahmy, H., J. K. Zjawiony, T. Konoshima, H. Tokuda, S. Khan, and S. Khalifa. 2006. Potent skin cancer chemopreventing activity of some novel semi-synthetic cembranoids from marine sources. Marine Drugs 4:28-36. 2006 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Gutierrez, J., A. Sorlozano, M. J. Soto, and G. Piedrola. 2006. Evaluation of two automated systems for detection of bacteriuria. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis 20:118-120. 2006 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Kumar, R. and V. Lakshmi. 2006. Two new glycosides from the soft coral Sinularia firma. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 54:1650-1652. 2006 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Puthongking, P., C. Patarapanich, S. Amnuoypol, K. Suwanborirux, A. Kubo, and N. Saito. 2006. Chemistry of ecteinascidins. Part 2. Preparation of 6′-O-acyl derivatives of stable ecteinascidin and evaluation of cytotoxicity. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 54:1010-1016. 2006 Japan Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Tunicates
Radhika, P. 2006. Chemical constituents and biological activities of the soft corals of genus Cladiella: A review. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 34:781-789. 2006 Review Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Santiago-Vazquez, L. Z., L. K. Ranzer, and R. G. Kerr. 2006. Comparison of two total RNA extraction protocols using the marine gorgonian coral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae and its symbiont Symbiodinium sp. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 9:598-603. 2006 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Biotechnology Research & Development; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sawant, S., D. Youssef, A. Mayer, P. Sylvester, V. Wali, M. Arant, and K. El Sayed. 2006. Anticancer and anti-inflammatory sulfur-containing semisynthetic derivatives of sarcophine. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 54:1119-1123. 2006 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Shrestha, S. and S. K. Deo. 2006. Anthozoa red fluorescent protein in biosensing. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 386:515-524. 2006 Biomedical Research Policies; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Temraz, T. A., W. E. Houssen, M. Jaspars, D. R. Woolley, K. N. Wease, S. N. Davies, and R. H. Scott. 2006. A pyridinium derivative from Red Sea soft corals inhibited voltage-activated potassium conductances and increased excitability of rat cultured sensory neurones. BMC Pharmacology 6. 2006 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Special Use Permitting
Van Alstyne, K. L., P. Schupp, and M. Slattery. 2006. The distribution of dimethylsulfoniopropionate in tropical Pacific coral reef invertebrates. Coral Reefs 25:321-327. 2006 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Climate; Climate Regulation; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Special Use Permitting; Sponges; Zooxanthellae
Yuan, G., M. L. Wahlqvist, G. He, M. Yang, and D. Li. 2006. Natural products and anti-inflammatory activity. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 15:143-152. 2006 Review Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Zhang, W., Y.-W. Guo, and Y. Gu. 2006. Secondary metabolites from the South China Sea invertebrates: Chemistry and biological activity. Current Medicinal Chemistry 13:2041-2090. 2006 China Review; Field Study & Monitoring Echinoderms; Invertebrates; Molluscs; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Aoki M, K., R. Encarnacion-Dimayuga, and A. R. Cortes A. 2005. Toxicological evaluation of natural products using microtechnics [Evaluacion toxicologica de productos naturales usando microtecnicas]. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Farmaceuticas 36:17-Nov. 2005 South & Central America; Mexico Invertebrates; Marine Worms; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Daly, J. W. 2005. Nicotinic agonists, antagonists, and modulators from natural sources. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 25:513-552. 2005 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Holt, G. E., J. L. Halpern, T. T. Dovan, D. Hamming, and H. S. Schwartz. 2005. Evolution of an in vivo bioreactor. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 23:916-923. 2005 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kamel, H. N. and M. Slattery. 2005. Terpenoids of Sinularia: Chemistry and biomedical applications. Pharmaceutical Biology 43:253-269. 2005 Review Biotechnology Research & Development; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Koehn, F. E. and G. T. Carter. 2005. The evolving role of natural products in drug discovery. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 4:206-220. 2005 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kundu, B., M. K. Sinha, S. Mitra, and D. Basu. 2005. Synthetic hydroxyapatite-based integrated orbital implants: A human pilot trial. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology 53:235-241. 2005 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Lee, L . P. and R. Szema. 2005. Inspirations from biological optics for advanced photonic systems. Science 310:1148-1150. 2005 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Lin, Y.-C., Y.-L. Huang, A. T. Khalil, M.-H. Chen, and Y.-C. Shen. 2005. Juncenolides F and G, two new briarane diterpenoids from Taiwanese Gorgonian Junceella juncea. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 53:128-130. 2005 Japan; Taiwan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mansur, H. S., A. A. P. Mansur, and M. M. Pereira. 2005. XRD, SEM/EDX and FTIR characterization of Brazilian natural coral. Key Engineering Materials 43-46. 2005 Biotechnology Research & Development; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mayer, G. 2005. Rigid biological systems as models for synthetic composites. Science 310:1144-1147. 2005 Model Molluscs; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Muralidhar, P., M. M. Kumar, N. Krishna, C. B. Rao, and D. V. Rao. 2005. New sphingolipids and a sterol from a Lobophytum species of the Indian Ocean. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 53:168-171. 2005 Indian Ocean; India; Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Murugan, R. and S. Ramakrishna. 2005. Crystallographic study of hydroxyapatite bioceramics derived from various sources. Crystal Growth and Design 5:111-112. 2005 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Nowak, D., M. Florek, J. Nowak, W. Kwiatek, J. Lekki, E. Zieba, P. G. Romero, B. Ben-Nissan, and A. Kuczumow. 2005. Micro-spectrometric investigations of inorganic components of the black corals for biomedical applications. Key Engineering Materials 297-300. 2005 GIS & Maps Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Peng, J., J. Li, and M. T. Hamann. 2005. The Marine Bromotyrosine Derivatives. Alkaloids: Chemistry and Biology 61:59-262. 2005 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Stony Coral
Pramatarova, L., E. Pecheva, R. Presker, M. T. Pham, M. F. Maitz, and M. Stutzmann. 2005. Hydroxyapatite growth induced by native extracellular matrix deposition on solid surfaces. European Cells and Materials 9:12-Sep. 2005 Molluscs; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Radhika, P., P. R. Rao, J. Archana, and N. K. Rao. 2005. Anti-inflammatory activity of a new sphingosine derivative and cembrenoid diterpene (lobohedleolide) isolated from marine soft corals of Sinularia crassa Tixier-Durivault and Lobophytum species of the andaman and nicobar islands. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 28:1311-1313. 2005 Japan Model Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Simmons, T. L., E. Andrianasolo, K. McPhail, P. Flatt, and W. H. Gerwick. 2005. Marine natural products as anticancer drugs. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 4:333-342. 2005 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Yan, X.-H. and Y.-W. Guo. 2005. A pharmaceutical perspective on soft coral: Chemistry and bioactivity. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 3:65-73. 2005 Review Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zaffe, D. 2005. Some considerations on biomaterials and bone. Micron 36:583-592. 2005 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zhang, K., L. F. Francis, H. Yan, and A. Stein. 2005. Apatite converted from 3-D ordered macroporous sol-gel bioactive glass (3DOM-BG) particles. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88:587-592. 2005 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Andrefouet, S., M. Zubia, and C. Payri. 2004. Mapping and biomass estimation of the invasive brown algae Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh and Sargassum mangarevense (Grunow) Setchell on heterogeneous Tahitian coral reefs using 4-meter resolution IKONOS satellite data. Coral Reefs 23:26-38. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Algae; Biotechnology Research & Development; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invasive Species; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Seagrasses
Babu, N. R., K. P. Rao, and T. S. S. Kumar. 2004. Effect of coralline derived biphasic calcium phosphate shot blasting on titanium surfaces. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals 57:85-89. 2004 India Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ben-Nissan, B., A. Milev, and R. Vago. 2004. Morphology of sol-gel derived nano-coated coralline hydroxyapatite. Biomaterials 25:4971-4975. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ben-Nissan, B., A. Milev, R. Vago, M. Conway, and A. Diwan. 2004. Sol-Gel Derived Nano-Coated Coralline Hydroxyapatite for Load Bearing Applications. Key Engineering Materials 301-304. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ben-Nissan, B., A. Milev, R. Vago, M. R. Conway, W. R. Walsh, and A. Diwan. 2004. Nano-Coated Coralline Hydroxyapatite for Load Bearing Applications. Page 925 in Transactions - 7th World Biomaterials Congress. 2004 Australia Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Berlinck, R. G. S., E. Hajdu, R. M. Da Rocha, J. H. H. L. De Oliveira, I. L. C. Hernandez, M. H. R. Seleghim, A. C. Granato, E. V. R. De Almeida, C. V. Nunez, G. Muricy, S. Peixinho, C. Pessoa, M. O. Moraes, B. C. Cavalcanti, G. G. F. Nascimento, O. Thiemann, M. Silva, A. O. Souza, C. L. Silva, and P. R. Minarini. 2004. Challenges and Rewards of Research in Marine Natural Products Chemistry in Brazil. Journal of Natural Products 67:510-522. 2004 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Review Collaboration & Partnering; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Octocoral; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Blake, D. 2004. Biodiscovery - From reef to outback. Nature 429. 2004 Australia Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Davies-Coleman, M. T. and D. R. Beukes. 2004. Ten years of marine natural products research at Rhodes University. South African Journal of Science 100:539-544. 2004 Review Algae; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Octocoral; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Devecioglu, D., T. F. Tozum, D. Sengun, and R. M. Nohutcu. 2004. Biomaterials in periodontal regenerative surgery: Effects of cryopreserved bone, commercially available coral, demineralized freeze-dried dentin, and cementum on periodontal ligament fibroblasts and osteoblasts. Journal of Biomaterials Applications 19:107-120. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Faulkner, D. J., D. J. Newman, and G. M. Cragg. 2004. Investigations of the marine flora and fauna of the Islands of Palau. Natural Product Reports 21:50-76. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; Palau; Guam Review Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Harris, C. T. and L. F. Cooper. 2004. Comparison of bone graft matrices for human mesenchymal stem cell-directed osteogenesis. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 68:747-755. 2004 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
He, L.-S., Z. Gao, F.-L. Chen, T.-Q. Mao, Y.-W. Yang, R. Hou, and X.-Q. Wu. 2004. Comparison between a series of controllable degradation coral-hydroxyapatite and Pro Osteon 500R from material aspect. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 8:2744-2745. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Iliescu, M., V. Nelea, J. Werckmann, I. N. Mihailescu, G. Socol, A. Bigi, and B. Bracci. 2004. Electron microscopy studies of octa-calcium phosphate thin films obtained by pulsed laser deposition. Pages 157-161 Thin Solid Films. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Kamel, H. N., F. R. Fronczek, N. H. Fischer, and M. Slattery. 2004. A novel metabolite from the hybrid soft coral Sinularia maxima x Sinularia polydactyla: A biosynthetically mixed skeleton linking cembrane and africanane terpenoids. Tetrahedron Letters 45:1995-1997. 2004 Guam Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kashman, Y. and A. Rudi. 2004. On the biogenesis of marine isoprenoids. Phytochemistry Reviews 3:309-323. 2004 Algae; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Kim, S. R., J. H. Lee, Y. T. Kim, S. J. Jung, Y. J. Lee, H. Song, and Y. H. Kim. 2004. Bioactive Behaviors of Porous Si-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Derived from Coral. Key Engineering Materials 969-972. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kim, S. R., S. J. Jung, Y. J. Lee, H. Song, and Y. H. Kim. 2004. Silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite derived from coral. Key Engineering Materials 1941-1944. 2004 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kohl, A. C. and R. G. Kerr. 2004. Identification and characterization of the pseudopterosin diterpene cyclase, elisabethatriene synthase, from the marine gorgonian, Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 424:97-104. 2004 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kolian, S. and A. Walker. 2004. Louisiana is losing critical reef habitat and job opportunities. Sea Technology 45:31-34. 2004 Agriculture; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Oil & Gas Rigs; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Pipelines; Tourism & Recreation
Marrero, J., A. D. Rodriguez, P. Baran, and R. G. Raptis. 2004. Ciereszkolide: Isolation and structure characterization of a novel rearranged cembrane from the Caribbean sea plume pseudopterogorgia kallos. European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2004:3909-3912. 2004 South & Central America; Caribbean; Germany Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
McCutcheon, A. L., G. S. K. Kannangara, M. A. Wilson, and B. Ben-Nissan. 2004. Preliminary analysis of pore distributions using NMR in natural coral and hydrothermally prepared hydroxyapatite. Journal of Materials Science 39:5711-5717. 2004 Australia Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Toxics
Molinski, T. F. 2004. Antifungal compounds from marine organisms. Current Medicinal Chemistry: Anti-Infective Agents 3:197-220. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Review Invertebrates; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
M�ller, W. E. G., H. C. Schr�der, M. Wiens, S. Perovic-Ottstadt, R. Batel, and I. M. M�ller. 2004. Traditional and modern biomedical prospecting: part II-the benefits. Approaches for a sustainable exploitation of biodiversity (secondary metabolites and miomaterials from sponges). Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 1:133-144. 2004 Biotechnology Research & Development; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Najafpour, H. D., A. H. Suzina, A. Nizam, and A. R. Samsudin. 2004. A comparative study of osseointegration phenomenon in coated and non-coated NiTi implants in a rabbit model. The Medical journal of Malaysia 121-122. 2004 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Newman, D. J. and G. M. Cragg. 2004. Marine Natural Products and Related Compounds in Clinical and Advanced Preclinical Trials. Journal of Natural Products A-W. 2004 Review Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Qi, S.-H., S. Zhang, Z.-H. Xiao, J.-S. Huang, J. Wu, and Q.-X. Li. 2004. Study on the chemical constituents of the South China Sea gorgonian Junceella juncea. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 52:1476-1478. 2004 Japan; China Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Radhika, P., V. L. Rao, and H. Laatsch. 2004. Chemical constituents of a marine soft coral of the genus Lobophytum. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 52:1345-1348. 2004 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ren, G.-H., X.-J. Liu, and G.-X. Pei. 2004. Biocompatibility of coral hydroxyapatite and adult human osteoblasts derived from bone marrow. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 8:4883-4885. 2004 Lab Study Medical Centers; Military; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Rosdan, S., K. A. Al-Salihi, A. H. Suzina, and A. R. Samsudin. 2004. In vivo study of CORAGRAF: a preliminary results. The Medical journal of Malaysia 111-112. 2004 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Sawant, S. S., P. W. Sylvester, M. A. Avery, P. Desai, D. T. A. Youssef, and K. A. El Sayed. 2004. Bioactive rearranged and halogenated semisynthetic derivatives of the marine natural product sarcophine. Journal of Natural Products 67:2017-2023. 2004 Model Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Shamsuria, O., A. S. Fadilah, A. B. Asiah, M. R. Rodiah, A. H. Suzina, and A. R. Samsudin. 2004. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of biomaterials on human osteoblast cells CRL-1543; hydroxyapatite, natural coral and polyhydroxybutarate. The Medical journal of Malaysia 174-175. 2004 Cuba; Malaysia Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sung, P.-J., M.-R. Lin, and L.-S. Fang. 2004. Briarane diterpenoids from the Formosan gorgonian coral Junceella fragilis. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 52:1504-1506. 2004 Taiwan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Tibbetts, J. 2004. The state of the oceans, part 2: delving deeper into the sea's bounty. Environmental Health Perspectives 112:A472-481. 2004 Global Index or Indicator Agriculture; Biomedical Research Policies; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Wei, X., A. D. Rodriguez, P. Baran, R. G. Raptis, J. A. Sanchez, E. Ortega-Barria, and J. Gonzalez. 2004. Antiplasmodial cembradiene diterpenoids from a Southwestern Caribbean gorgonian octocoral of the genus Eunicea. Tetrahedron 60:11813-11819. 2004 South & Central America; Caribbean Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Chen, B., G. X. Pei, K. Wang, D. Jin, K. H. Wei, and G. H. Ren. 2003. The method of accelerating osteanagenesis and revascularization of tissue engineered bone in big animal in vivo. Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae 25:26-31. 2003 Model; Index or Indicator Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
de Macedo, N. L., L. G. de Macedo, F. S. Matuda, S. M. Ouchi, A. S. Monteiro, and Y. R. Carvalho. 2003. Guided bone regeneration with subperiosteal implants of PTFE and hydroxyapatite physical barriers in rats. Brazilian dental journal 14:119-124. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
DiMasi, J. A., R. W. Hansen, and H. G Grabowski. 2003. The price of innovation: new estimates of drug development costs. Journal of Health Economics 22:151-185. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Donia, M. and M. T. Hamann. 2003. Marine natural products and their potential applications as anti-infective agents. The Lancet 3:338-348. 2003 Review Cyanobacteria; Invertebrates; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges; Tunicates
Firn, R. D. 2003. Bioprospecting - why is it so unrewarding? Biodiversity and Conservation 12:207-216. 2003 Columbia Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Ganesan, S., J. Felo, M. Saldana, V. F. Kalasinsky, M. R. Lewin-Smith, and J. F. Tomashefski Jr. 2003. Embolized crospovidone (poly[N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone]) in the lungs of intravenous drug users. Modern Pathology 16:286-292. 2003 Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Gao, Q., S. Dong, X. Chen, Y. Zhang, W. Yang, and L. Yang. 2003. Experimental study on coral combined with SD rat osteoblast in vivo. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 7:224-225. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Gilger, B. C., S. Pizzirani, L. C. Johnston, and N. R. Urdiales. 2003. Use of a hydroxyapatite orbital implant in a cosmetic corneoscleral prosthesis after enucleation in a horse. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 222:343-345+316. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hamann, M. T. 2003. Enhancing marine natural product structural diversity and bioactivity through semisynthesis and biocatalysis. Current Pharmaceutical Design 9:879-889. 2003 Review Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Innes, J. K., R. Vago, and B. Ben-Nissan. 2003. Hydrothermal conversion and sol-gel coating of Red Sea coral. Key Engineering Materials 43-46. 2003 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Biotechnology Research & Development; Hydrocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kim, Y. H., S. R. Kim, S. J. Jung, Y. J. Lee, and H. Song. 2003. Porous Hydroxyapatite Containing Silicon derived from Natural Coral. Pages 45-52 in Ceramic Transactions. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kohl, A. C., A. Ata, and R. G. Kerr. 2003. Pseudopterosin biosynthesis - Pathway elucidation, enzymology, and a proposed production method for anti-inflammatory metabolites from Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 30:495-499. 2003 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mahler, S. M., D. Y. Chin, and D. D. Van Dyk. 2003. The application of emerging technologies in genomics and proteomics to drug development. Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research 33:11-Jul. 2003 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Merkx, M. A. W., J. C. Maltha, and P. J. W. Stoelinga. 2003. Assessment of the value of anorganic bone additives in sinus floor augmentation: A review of clinical reports. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 32:6-Jan. 2003 South Africa Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Monzon, J. E. 2003. Coral and its role in Latin America over the last decade. Pages 3454-3456 in Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings. 2003 South & Central America; Caribbean Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Moreira-Gonzalez, A., I. T. Jackson, T. Miyawaki, V. DiNick, and R. Yavuzer. 2003. Augmentation of the craniomaxillofacial region using porous hydroxyapatite granules. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 111:1808-1817. 2003 Review Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ojika, M., M. K. Islam, T. Shintani, Y. Zhang, T. Okamoto, and Y. Sakagami. 2003. Three new cytotoxic acylspermidines from the soft coral, Sinularia sp. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry 67:1410-1412. 2003 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Pomponi, S. A., A. E. Wright, and J. K. Reed. 2003. Exploration in the South Atlantic bight: Discovery of new resources with pharmaceutical potential. Pages 1283-1284 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2003 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sediment; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Rezanka, T. and V. M. Dembitsky. 2003. Brominated oxylipins and oxylipin glycosides from red sea corals. European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2003:309-316. 2003 Germany Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sea Urchins
Sung, P.-J., T.-Y. Fan, L.-S. Fang, S.-L. Wu, J.-J. Li, M.-C. Chen, Y.-M. Cheng, and G.-H. Wang. 2003. Briarane derivatives from the gorgonian coral Junceella fragilis. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 51:1429-1431. 2003 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Suzuki, M., K. Watanabe, S. Fujiwara, T. Kurasawa, T. Wakabayashi, M. Tsuzuki, K. Iguchi, and T. Yamori. 2003. Isolation of peridinin-related norcarotenoids with cell growth-inhibitory activity from the cultured dinoflagellate of Symbiodinium sp., a symbiont of the okinawan soft coral Clavularia viridis, and analysis of fatty acids of the dinoflagellate. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 51:724-727. 2003 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Walsh, W. R., P. J. Chapman-Sheath, S. Cain, J. Debes, W. J. M. Bruce, M. J. Svehla, and R. M. Gillies. 2003. A resorbable porous ceramic composite bone graft substitute in a rabbit metaphyseal defect model. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 21:655-661. 2003 Model Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Watanabe, K., M. Sekine, and K. Iguchi. 2003. Isolation of three marine prostanoids, possible biosynthetic intermediates for Clavulones, from the Okinawan soft coral Clavularia viridis. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 51:909-913. 2003 Japan Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Wink, M. 2003. Evolution of secondary metabolites from an ecological and molecular phylogenetic perspective. Phytochemistry 64:3-19. 2003 GIS & Maps Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zhang, W., W. K. Liu, and C.-T. Che. 2003. Polyhydroxylated steroids and other constituents of the soft coral Nephthea chabroli. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 51:1009-1011. 2003 Japan; China Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zhao, L., T. Mao, F. Chen, K. Tao, L. Ma, S. Chen, and Z. Gao. 2003. Comparative study of three kinds of scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 7:548-549. 2003 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Abramovitch-Gottlib, L., D. Katoshevski, and R. Vago. 2002. A computerized tank system for studying the effect of temperature on calcification of reef organisms. Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods 50:245-252. 2002 Global Lab Study Hydrocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Zooxanthellae
Alam, N., J. Hong, C.-O. Lee, J. S. Choi, K. S. Im, and J. H. Jung. 2002. Additional cytotoxic diacetylenes from the stony coral Montipora sp. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 50:661-662. 2002 Japan Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Al-Lihaibi, S. S., A. Al-Sofyani, G. R. Niaz, V. U. Ahmad, M. Noorwala, and F. Vali Mohammad. 2002. Long-chain wax esters and diphenylamine in fire coral Millepora dichotoma and Millepora platyphylla from Saudi Red Sea Coast. Scientia Marina 66:95-102. 2002 Hydrocoral; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Ben-Nissan, B., A. Milev, D. Green, M. Conway, R. Vago, and W. Walsh. 2002. Mechanical properties and characterisation of sol-gel coated coralline hydroxyapatite. Key Engineering Materials 379-382. 2002 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Cao, G., T.-Q. Mao, and J. Cao. 2002. Culturing human bone marrow stromal cells on the surface of absorbable coral-hydroxyapatite. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 6:1117-1118. 2002 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chen, B., G. X. Pei, K. Wang, Y. X. Fan, H. Wang, D. Jin, and K. H. Wei. 2002. Repair of tibial defect with tissue-engineered bone graft and radionuclide bone imaging in goats. Di yi jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the First Medical College of PLA 22:966-969. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Dunne Jr., W. M. 2002. Bacterial adhesion: Seen any good biofilms lately? Clinical Microbiology Reviews 15:155-166. 2002 Model Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Plankton
Fahey, S. J. and M. J. Garson. 2002. Geographic variation of natural products of tropical nudibranch Asteronotus cespitosus. Journal of Chemical Ecology 28:1773-1785. 2002 Australia; Philippines Molluscs; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Grabowski, H. G., J. Vernon, and J. A. DiMasi. 2002. Returns on research and development for the 1990s new drug introductions. PharmacoEconomics 20:11-29. 2002 Monetary Valuation; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Jinawath, S., D. Polchai, and M. Yoshimura. 2002. Low-temperature, hydrothermal transformation of aragonite to hydroxyapatite. Materials Science and Engineering C 22:35-39. 2002 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Kim, J. and E. J. Park. 2002. Cytotoxic anticancer candidates from natural resources. Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents 2:485-537. 2002 Review Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Kustrak, D. 2002. The toxins of the jellyfish [Otrovi meduza]. Farmaceutski Glasnik 58:239-250. 2002 Anemones & Zooanthids; Discharges; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Mayer, A. 2002. Current marine pharmacology contributions to new drug development in the biopharmaceutical industry. Pharmaceutical News 9:479-482. 2002 Florida; Spain Review Biotechnology Research & Development; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ortega, M. J., E. Zubia, S. Rodriguez, J. L. Carballo, and J. Salva. 2002. Muricenones A and B: New degraded pregnanes from a gorgonian of the genus Muricea. European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2002:3250-3253. 2002 Germany Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ren, G. H., G. X. Pei, L. Q. Gu, K. Wang, D. Jin, K. H. Wei, B. Chen, and X. H. Mo. 2002. Biocompatibility of adult human osteoblasts with coral-derived hydroxyapatite in vitro. Di yi jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the First Medical College of PLA 22:974-978. 2002 Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Seigler, D. S. 2002. Plant secondary metabolism. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA. 2002 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sivakumar, M., I. Manjubala, and K. Panduranga Rao. 2002. Preparation, characterization and in-vitro release of gentamicin from coralline hydroxyapatite-chitosan composite microspheres. Carbohydrate Polymers 49:281-288. 2002 India Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Sung, P.-J. and M.-C. Chen. 2002. The heterocyclic natural products of gorgonian corals of genus Briareum exclusive of briarane-type diterpenoids. Heterocycles 57:1705-1715. 2002 Review Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Thalgott, J. S., Z. Klezl, M. Timlin, and J. M. Giuffre. 2002. Anterior lumbar interbody fusion with processed sea coral (coralline hydroxyapatite) as part of a circumferential fusion. Spine 27. 2002 Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Urban, K. 2002. Use of bioactive glass-ceramics in the management of tibial plateau fractures [Použiti bioaktivni sklokeramiky v lečeni zlomenin tibialniho plata]. Acta Chirurgiae Orthopaedicae et Traumatologiae Cechoslovaca 69:295-301. 2002 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Vago, R., D. Plotquin, A. Bunin, I. Sinelnikov, D. Atar, and D. Itzhak. 2002. Hard tissue remodeling using biofabricated coralline biomaterials. Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods 50:253-259. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Model Biotechnology Research & Development; Hydrocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Velasco, D., E. Gil, P. Garcia, and A. Guerrero. 2002. Efficacy of two semiautomatic methods for bacteriuria detection [Eficacia de dos metodos semiautomaticos para la exclusion de bacteriuria]. Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica 20:22-24. 2002 Medical Centers; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Wagner-Dobler, I., W. Beil, S. Lang, M. Meiners, and H. Laatsch. 2002. Integrated approach to explore the potential of marine microorganisms for the production of bioactive metabolites. Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology 74:207-238. 2002 Review Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
White, R. A. and E. W. White. 2002. Uniform microporous biomaterials prepared from marine skeletal precursors. Pages 80-83 in National Research Council (NRC), editor. Marine biotechnology in the twenty-first century. Washington, D.C. 2002 Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Yamada, Y. 2002. Studies on discovery and synthesis of bioactive marine organic molecules. Yakugaku Zasshi 122:727-743. 2002 Japan Lab Study Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Adams, C. L. and J. N. A. Hooper. 2001. A revision of Australian Erylus (Porifera: Demospongiae: Astrophorida: Geodiidae) with a tabular review of worldwide species. Invertebrate Taxonomy 15:319-340. 2001 Australia Review Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Ben-Nissan, B., J. J. Russell, J. Hu, A. Milev, D. Green, R. Vago, W. Walsh, and R. M. Conway. 2001. Comparison of surface morphology in sol-gel treated coralline hydroxyapatite structures for implant purposes. Key Engineering Materials 959-962. 2001 Australia Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
DiMasi, J. A. 2001. New drug development in the United States from 1963 to 1999. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 69:286-296. 2001 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
DiMasi, J. A. 2001. Risks in new drug development: approval success rates for investigational drugs. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 69:297-307. 2001 Model Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Dong, S. K., J. M. Wen, and J. Bi. 2001. Ectopic osteogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells induced by bone morphogenetic protein. Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery 15:17-20. 2001 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Pena, J., R. Z. LeGeros, R. Rohanizadeh, and J. P. LeGeros. 2001. CaCO3/Ca-P biphasic materials prepared by microwave processing of natural aragonite and calcite. Key Engineering Materials 267-270. 2001 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Salafsky, N., H. Cauley, G. Balachander, B. Cordes, J. Parks, C. Margoluis, S. Bhatt, C. Encarnacion, D. Russell, and R. Margoluis. 2001. A systematic test of an enterprise strategy for community-based biodiversity conservation. Conservation Biology 15:1585-1595. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii Banks, Credit, & Securities; Forestry; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Tourism & Recreation
Sivakumar, M. and I. Manjubala. 2001. Preparation of hydroxyapatite/fluoroapatite-zirconia composites using Indian corals for biomedical applications. Materials Letters 50:199-205. 2001 India Field Study & Monitoring Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Zhang, W.-H., I. D. Williams, and C.-T. Che. 2001. Chabrolols A, B and C, three new norditerpenes from the soft coral Nephthea chabroli. Tetrahedron Letters 42:4681-4685. 2001 China Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Adey, H. W. 2000. Coral reef ecosystems and human health: Biodiversity counts! Ecosystem Health 6:227-236. 2000 Global Monetary Valuation; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Adey, W. H., T. A. McConnaughey, A. M. Small, and D. M. Spoon. 2000. Coral reefs: Endangered, biodiverse, genetic resources. Pages 33-42 Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 3. 2000 Global Lab Study Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Agalias, A., N. Mihopoulos, M. Tsoukatou, L. Marinos, C. Vagias, C. Harvala, and V. Roussis. 2000. New prostaglandins from the chemically defended soft coral Plexaura nina. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences 55:425-430. 2000 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Croteau, R., T. M. Kutchan, and N. G. Lewis. 2000. Natural products (secondary metabolites). Pages 1250-1318 in B. B. Buchanan, W.Gruissem, and R. Jones, editors. Biochemistry & molecular biology of plants. American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville, MD. 2000 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Duguy, N., H. Petite, and E. Arnaud. 2000. Biomaterials and osseous regeneration [Biomateriaux et regeneration osseuse]. Annales de Chirurgie Plastique et Esthetique 45:364-376. 2000 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Faulkner, D. J. 2000. Marine pharmacology. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 77:135-145. 2000 Review Aquaculture; Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Jordan, D. R., L. A. Mawn, S. Brownstein, T. M. McEachren, S. M. Gilberg, V. Hill, S. Z. Grahovac, and J.-P. Adenis. 2000. The bioceramic orbital implant: A new generation of porous implants. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 16:347-355. 2000 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Koh, E. G. L. and H. Sweatman. 2000. Chemical warfare among scleractinians: Bioactive natural products from Tubastraea faulkneri Wells kill larvae of potential competitors. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 251:141-160. 2000 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Lindel, T., H. Hoffmann, M. Hochgurtel, and J. R. Pawlik. 2000. Structure-activity relationship of inhibition of fish feeding by sponge- derived and synthetic pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids. Journal of Chemical Ecology 26:1477-1496. 2000 South & Central America; Caribbean Fish; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
MacMillan, J. B. and T. F. Molinski. 2000. Herbacic acid, a simple prototype of 5,5,5-trichloroleucine metabolites from the sponge Dysidea herbacea. Journal of Natural Products 63:155-157. 2000 Australia Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Manjubala, I., M. Sivakumar, T. S. Sampath Kumar, and K. Panduranga Rao. 2000. Synthesis and characterization of functional gradient materials using Indian corals. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 11:705-709. 2000 India Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Miyaoka, H., H. Mitome, M. Nakano, and Y. Yamada. 2000. Xeniaoxolane: A new xenicane-type diterpenoid from the Okinawan soft coral, Xenia sp.; Absolute configurations of xeniaoxolane, xeniolide-A and xenialactol. Tetrahedron 56:7737-7740. 2000 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Newman, D. J., G. M. Cragg, and K. M. Snader. 2000. The influence of natural products upon drug discovery. Natural Product Reports 17:215-234. 2000 Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Textiles & Apparel
Palop del Rio, A., C. Labayru Echeverria, L. Lopez-Urrutia Lorente, C. Avellaneda Martinez, and A. Gomez Nieto. 2000. Application of bioluminescence for bacteriuria screening [Bioluminiscencia aplicada al cribado de bacteriuria]. Quimica Clinica 19:395-398. 2000 Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sediment
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. International Trade in Coral and Coral Reef Species: The Role of the United States. Report of the Trade Subgroup of the International Working Group to the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, Washington, D.C. 2000 Global Agriculture; Algae; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fishing Sector; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sea Turtles; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. The National Action Plan to Conserve Coral Reefs. Washington, D.C. 2000 Global Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Agriculture; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Albisetti, W., C. Sala, M. Corbella, A. Aloja, and F. Angaroni. 1999. Chondrocyte transplants. Growth and biointegration in bone graft substitute: Coralline hydroxyapatite. A preliminary study [Trapianti condrocitari. Crescita e biointegrazione in sostituti dell'osso: Esoscheletro di carbonato di calcio di corallo: Studio p. Minerva Ortopedica e Traumatologica 50:6-Jan. 1999 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Substrate
Burja, A. M., N. S. Webster, P. T. Murphy, and R. T. Hill. 1999. Microbial symbionts of Great Barrier Reef sponges. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 44:63-75. 1999 Australia Algae; Microorganisms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Cragg, G. M. and D. J. Newman. 1999. Discovery and development of antineoplastic agents from natural sources. Cancer Investigation 17:153-163. 1999 Collaboration & Partnering; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Dubruille, J. H., E. Viguier, G. Le Naour, M. T. Dubruille, M. Auriol, and Y. Le Charpentier. 1999. Evaluation of combinations of titanium, zirconia, and alumina implants with 2 bone fillers in the dog. The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants 14:271-277. 1999 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hamel, E., D. L. Sackett, D. Vourloumis, and K. C. Nicolaou. 1999. The coral-derived natural products eleutherobin and sarcodictyins A and B: Effects on the assembly of purified tubulin with and without microtubule- associated proteins and binding at the polymer taxoid site. Biochemistry 38:5490-5498. 1999 Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Konig, G. M. and A. D. Wright. 1999. Cymbastela hooperi and Amphimedon terpenensis: Where do they really belong? Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 44:281-288. 1999 Australia Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Snails & Conch; Sponges
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Miyaoka, H., M. Nakano, K. Iguchi, and Y. Yamada. 1999. Three new xenicane diterpenoids from Okinawan soft coral of the genus, Xenia. Tetrahedron 55:12977-12982. 1999 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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El Sayed, K. A., M. T. Hamann, C. A. Waddling, C. Jensen, S. Lee Kook, C. A. Dunstan, and J. M. Pezzuto. 1998. Structurally novel bioconversion products of the marine natural product sarcophine effectively inhibit JB6 cell transformation. Journal of Organic Chemistry 63:7449-7455. 1998 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Jordan, D. R., S. Gilberg, L. Mawn, S. Brownstein, and S. Z. Grahovac. 1998. The synthetic hydroxyapatite implant: A report on 65 patients. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 14:250-255. 1998 France Index or Indicator Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Nesheiwat, F., W. M. Brown, and K. M. Healey. 1998. Post-traumatic first metatarsal reconstruction using coralline hydroxyapatite. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 88:130-134. 1998 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Daily, G. C., S. Alexander, P. R. Ehrlich, L. Goulder, J. Lubchenco, P. A. Matson, H. A. Mooney, S. Postel, S. H. Schneider, D.Tilman, and G. M. Woodwell. 1997. Ecosystem services: benefits supplied to human societies by natural ecosystems. Issues in Ecology 1:1-18. 1997 Global Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Climate; Economic Markets & Policies; Forestry; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Special Use Permitting
Duckworth, A. R., C. N. Battershill, and P. R. Bergquist. 1997. Influence of explant procedures and environmental factors on culture success of three sponges. Aquaculture 156:251-267. 1997 Aquaculture; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Fenical, W. 1997. New pharmaceuticals from marine organisms. Marine Biotechnology 15:339-341. 1997 Biotechnology Research & Development; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Gao, T., T. S. Lindholm, A. Marttinen, and M. R. Urist. 1996. Composites of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and type IV collagen, coral-derived coral hydroxyapatite, and tricalcium phosphate ceramics. International Orthopaedics 20:321-325. 1996 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Pettit GR and Taylor SR. 1996. Synthesis of the marine sponge cycloheptapeptide stylopeptide 1. Journal of Organic Chemistry 61:2322-2325. 1996 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Preidler, K. W., S. M. Lemperle, R. E. Holmes, C. J. Calhoun, E. C. Shors, J. Brossmann, and D. J. Sartoris. 1996. Coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes: Evaluation of bone density with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Investigative Radiology 31:716-723. 1996 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Sammarco, P. W. 1996. Comments on coral reef regeneration, bioerosion, biogeography, and chemical ecology: Future directions. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 200:135-168. 1996 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Review Commercial Fisheries; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sediment
Sivakumar, M., T. S. Sampath Kumar, K. L. Shantha, and K. Panduranga Rao. 1996. Development of hydroxyapatite derived from Indian coral. Biomaterials 17:1709-1714. 1996 India Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Alpaslan, C., G. Alpaslan, and T. Oygur. 1994. Bone reaction to subperiosteally implanted hydroxyapatite/collagen/glycosaminoglycans and coral in the guinea pig. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 77:335-340. 1994 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
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Fisher, W. S. 1983. Eggs of Palaemon macrodactylus: III. infection by the fungus, Lagenidium callinectes. Biological Bulletin 162:214-226. 1983 Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Fisher, W. S. and W. H. Clark Jr. 1983. Eggs of Palaemon macrodactylus: I. attachment to the pleopods and formation of the outer investment coat. Biological Bulletin 162:189-200. 1983 Cuba Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Kingston, J. F., N. Ang Ser, G. Gallacher, and A. G. Fallis. 1983. Studies in marine organic chemistry: marine natural products from invertebrates found in newfoundland waters and approaches to the total synthesis of sinularene and 12-acetoxysinularene. Marine Chemistry 12:147-157. 1983 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Review Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Polunin, N. V. C. 1983. Marine 'genetic resources' and the potential role of protected areas in conserving them. Environmental Conservation 10:31-41. 1983 Review Aquaculture; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Fenical, W. 1982. Natural products chemistry in the marine environment. Science 215:923-928. 1982 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Gerwick, W. H. and W. Fenical. 1981. Ichthyotoxic and cytotoxic metabolites of the tropical brown alga Stypopodium zonale (Lamouroux) papenfuss. Journal of Organic Chemistry 46:22-27. 1981 South & Central America; Caribbean Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sea Urchins
Buckle, P. J., B. A. Baldo, and K. M. Taylor. 1980. The anti-inflammatory activity of marine natural products - 6-n-tridecylsalicylic acid, flexibilide and dendalone 3-hydroxybutyrate. Agents and Actions 10:361-367. 1980 Model Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Prota, Giuseppe. 1980. Nitrogenous pigments in marine invertebrates. Pages 141-80 in Paul J Scheuer, editor. Marine Natural Products: Chemical and Biological perspectives, Vol III,. Academic Press, New York. 1980 Invertebrates; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Yamada, Y., S. Suzuki, and K. Iguchi. 1980. Studies on marine natural products. II. New polyhydroxylated sterols from the soft coral Lobophytum pauciflorum (Ehrenberg). Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 28:473-478. 1980 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Yamada, Y., S. Suzuki, K. Iguchi, H. Kikuchi, Yasumasa, Tsukitani, H. Horiai, and F. Shibayama. 1980. Studies on marine natural products. IV The stereochemistry of 13-membered carbocyclic cembranolide diterpenes from the soft coral lobophytum pauciflorum (Ehrenberg). Tetrahedron Letters 21:3911-3914. 1980 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Hildemann, W. H., C. H. Bigger, and I. S. Johnston. 1979. Histoincompatibility reactions and allogeneic polymorphism among invertebrates. Pages 1136-1142 in Transplantation Proceedings. 1979 Echinoderms; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Holmes, R. E. 1979. Bone regeneration within a coralline hydroxyapatite implant. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 63:626-633. 1979 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Schmitz, F. J., K. H. Hollenbeak, and R. S. Prasad. 1979. Marine natural products: Cytotoxic spermidine derivatives from the soft coral Sinularia brongersmai. Tetrahedron Letters 3387-3390. 1979 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Fenical, William. 1978. Diterpenoids. Pages 173-246 in Paul J Scheuer, editor. Marine Natural Products: Chemical and Biological perspectives, Vol II. Academic Press, London. 1978 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Goad, L.J. 1978. The sterols of marine invertebrates: composition, biosynthesis, and metabolites. in Paul J Scheuer, editor. Marine Natural Products: Chemical and Biological Perspectives Vol II. Academic Press, New York. 1978 Invertebrates; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Liaaen-Jensen, Synnove. 1978. Marine carotenoids. Pages 2-70 in Paul J Scheuer, editor. Marine Natural Products: Chemical and Biological Perspectives, Vol II. Academic Press, New York. 1978 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Tursch, B., et. al. 1978. Terpenoids from coelenterates. Pages 247-95 in Paul J Scheuer, editor. Marine Natural Products: Chemical and Biological Perspectives, Vol II,. Academic Press, New York. 1978 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Vanderah, D. J., N. Rutledge, F. J. Schmitz, and L. S. Ciereszko. 1978. Marine natural products: Cembrene-A and cembrene-C from a soft coral, Nephthea sp. Journal of Organic Chemistry 43:1614-1616. 1978 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Vanderah, D. J., P. A. Steudler, L. S. Ciereszko, F. J. Schmitz, J. D. Ekstrand, and D. Van Der Helm. 1977. Marine natural products. Xenicin: A diterpenoid possessing a nine-membered ring from the soft coral, Xenia elongata. Journal of the American Chemical Society 99:5780-5784. 1977 Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Chiroff, R. T., E. W. White, J. N. Weber, and D. M. Roy. 1975. Tissue ingrowth of Replamineform implants. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 9:29-45. 1975 Manufacturing & Trade; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
White, E. W., J. N. Weber, and D. M. Roy. 1975. Replamineform porous biomaterials for hard tissue implant applications. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 9:23-27. 1975 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Roy, D. M. and S. K. Linnehan. 1974. Hydroxyapatite formed from coral skeletal carbonate by hydrothermal exchange. Nature 247:220-222. 1974 Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Stony Coral
Schmitz, F. J., D. J. Vanderah, and L. S. Ciereszko. 1974. Marine natural products: Nephthenol and epoxynephthenol acetate, cembrene derivatives from a soft coral. Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications 10:407-408. 1974 US Pacific & Hawaii Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Folmer, F., M. Jaspars, G. Solano, S. Cristofanon, E. Henry, J. Tabudravu, K. Black, D. H. Green, F. C. Kupper, W. Aalbersberg, K. Feussner, M. Dicato, and M. Diederich. The inhibition of TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation by marine natural products. Biochemical Pharmacology. Oman; Fiji Echinoderms; Octocoral; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Jalal, K. F. Regional water resources situation: quantitative and qualitative aspects. in [No source information available]. Drinking Water Supply; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources

Management Options

Management Option Description Sources Database Topics
Corporate Response: Invest & Co-finance Projects Investing and co-financing projects that aim to conserve or restore habitats can be an effective means to preserving reef habitats as well as establishing positive working relationships between organizations. Investing in private sector projects will promote desired businesses and business practices, reducing barriers to entry and competitiveness as compared to traditional businesses and business practices to counterbalance advantages from undesired externalities. World Bank Group. 2008. Biodiversity, Climate Change, and Adaptation. Nature based solutions from the world bank portfolio. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Washington, DC.

Aquarium Stock; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biomedical Research Policies; Collaboration & Partnering; Corporate Responses; Economic Markets & Policies; Finance & Insurance; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Food & Raw Materials; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Manufacturing & Trade; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Marine Products; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Economic Markets & Policy: Regulate International Trade of Reef Species Many coral reef species are harvested internationally for a variety of markets including the aquarium trade, food, curios, jewelry and pharmaceuticals. The US is the largest importer for many of these markets. The US strictly limits extraction of stony coral and many reef species in its waters; but as a major importer and consumer of coral reef species, more actions can be taken to decrease the demand on international imports. Setting and enforcing regulations on what can be imported (such as Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species CITES) is one approach that has been taken. More information is needed, leaving room to collect trade data and assess the impacts of extraction techniques to find sustainable methods. Demand for species collected this way will be increased with greater transparency to consumers, which can be accomplished through certifications for environmentally cognoscente collectors and those using alternatives like aquaculture and coral farming. Continued participation in Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) is also beneficial. U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. International Trade in Coral and Coral Reef Species: The Role of the United States. Report of the Trade Subgroup of the International Working Group to the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, Washington, D.C.

World Resource Institute International Marinelife Alliance, editor. 1997. Sullied Seas. WRI, Washington D.C.

U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. The National Action Plan to Conserve Coral Reefs. Washington, D.C.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Collaboration & Partnering; Coral; Corporate Responses; Cultural Policies; Designate Protected Species; Economic Markets & Policies; Environmental Education & Outreach; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates; Live Collection; Manufacturing & Trade; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Marine Products; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Political Pressure; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Sponges; Stony Coral; Toxics; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Monitor & Research: Biological Status and Trends Monitoring This activity produces long-term comprehensive information on sanctuary-wide status and trends of biological resources. Data that could be collected on coral reef communities includes but is not limited to species abundance and density, biodiversity, benthic cover, coral condition, growth, recruitment, predation, and grazing. Mangroves and seagrasses should also be monitored. With adequate baseline data, changes in community structure and biocriteria can be identified and restoration or protection efforts can be taken. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Aquarium Stock; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biocriteria; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Bivalves; Calcareous Macroalgae; Contact Uses; Coral; Coralline Algae; Cyanobacteria; Decision Support; Echinoderms; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Hydrocoral; Invasive Species; Invertebrates; Large Herbivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Products; Marine Vertebrates; Marine Worms; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Octocoral; Octopus & Squid; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Physical Damage; Primary Production; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Sea Turtles; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tunicates; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins
Resource Use Management: Develop Regulations for Sponge Fisheries Sponges play a vital role on reefs, providing structure, food and filtration. Depending on the method of removal, this process can be very destructive to other reef fauna and habitat. Research is needed to compare impacts of different sponge fishing methods in different areas. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boring Sponges; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Culture; Cyanobacteria; Educational & Research Opportunities; Encrusting Sponges; Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Live Collection; Marine Products; Microorganisms; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Physical Damage; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Tube, Barrel, & Finger Sponges
Resource Use Management: Develop Live Collection Regulations Live collection is often more destructive than capture of food fishes because of the destructive methods used to remove live fish and invertebrates from the reef habitat. These methods include use of cyanide and explosives. Current methods should be assessed and alternatives should be developed or collection prohibited. World Resource Institute International Marinelife Alliance, editor. 1997. Sullied Seas. WRI, Washington D.C.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Educational & Research Opportunities; Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Live Collection; Marine Products; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Physical Damage; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Sponges; Toxics; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Wholesale & Retail Trade

Laws

Legal Citation Purpose of Law Management Organization Database Topics

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