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ReefLink Database

Invertivorous Fish

Invertivorous Fish

Invertivorous fish are fish that primarily feed on invertebrates.

CMap

Apex Fish Predators, are fish that are at the top of the food chain with virtually no predators of their own, such as sharks, barracudas, morays, and jacks. Aquarium Stock is aquatic life that humans collect for sale to commercial aquariums or individual hobbyists. Biocriteria are narrative expressions or numeric values that describe the biological condition (structure and function) of aquatic communities inhabiting waters of a designated aquatic life use. Biological Addition refers to anthropogenic inputs of a biological nature into the reef ecosystem, including artificial habitat, domestic animal waste, supplemental feeding, and escape or release of non-native species. Biological Harvest is the collection of living things from the ecosystem for recreation, consumption, or sale of marine products. Biological monitoring is the use of a biological entity as a detector and its response as a measure to determine environmental conditions. Biological monitoring, mapping, and scientific research are activities to track the condition of populations, communities, and habitat, and to understand the processes, stressors, and ecological interactions that affect that condition. Complex habitat and resources reflects the complex architecture of sessile, plant-like organisms, such as octocoral and sponges, which provides shelter and protection for small fish and other invertebrates from predators. Contact Uses, such as biological additions, physical damage, and biological harvesting, are activities in which humans create pressures through direct contact with the ecosystem. Coral is a colonial marine animal consisting of polyps. Corallivorous fish are fish whose diet primarily consists of live coral. Cultural services are the nonmaterial benefits people obtain from ecosystems through spiritual enrichment, cognitive development, recreational opportunities, aesthetic experiences, sense of place, and educational and research opportunities. Designating protected species is the process of legally establishing a species as threatened, endangered, or of special concern, often requiring that critical habitat must be designated as well and recovery plans implemented. Discharges are the intentional or unintentional distribution of chemicals, debris, or other pollution, into the environment as a consequence of human activities. Ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain from ecosystems . Finfish and shellfish stock are fish (e.g., groupers and snappers) and invertebrates (e.g., lobster, crab, conch, octopus, squid, and bivalves) that are harvested for human consumption as seafood. Fish are cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates that breathe through gills and usually have scales. Fleshy macroalgae is any large algae which does not deposit calcium carbonate in it's tissues. Invasive species are plants, animals, or other organisms that are foreign to a particular environment, and whose introduction may be detrimental when invasives compete with or consume native species. An Invertebrate is any animal that lacks a backbone. Invertivorous fish are fish that primarily feed on invertebrates. Landscape Changes are alterations of the natural landscape through human activities, including coastal development, shoreline armoring, impervious surfaces, deforestation, or soil disturbance, which can alter water flow patterns and lead to pollutant runoff into coastal systems. Large herbivorous fish are any large bodied fish that primarily feed on algae, such as parrotfish and chubs. Marine products are non-food goods derived from reefs that promote human well-being (e.g, aquarium fish or ornamental resources) and human health (e.g., pharmaceuticals and cosmetics). Marine vertebrates are aquatic animals with a backbone, such as sea turtles, whales, dolphins and marine birds. Microorganisms are microscopic plants or animals, such as cyanobacteria and disease-causing pathogens that live in coral reef ecosystems. The Reef Ecosystem includes a suite of abiotic variables that form the physical and chemical environment. Piscivorous fish are fish that primarily feed on other fish, such as snapper and grouper. Planktivorous Fish are fish that feed primarily on plankton. Plankton are any plants or animals that are too small to actively move against ocean currents. Pressures are human activities that create stress on the environment. Provisioning services are the products or ecosystem goods obtained from ecosystems, including seafood, genetic and biochemical resources, pharmaceuticals, ornamental resources, and water resources. The state of the Reef Ecosystem is the condition, in terms of quantity and quality, of the abiotic and biotic components including physical, chemical, and biological variables. Reef Habitat is the abundance, distribution, and condition of the benthic components of the reef ecosystem. Reef Inhabitants are all of the motile components of the reef ecosystem, including fish, invertebrates, marine reptiles and mammals, and are quantified by their abundance, distribution, and condition. Reef Life is the abundance, distribution, and condition of the biological components of the coral reef ecosystem. Responses are actions taken by groups or individuals in society and government to prevent, compensate, ameliorate or adapt to changes in Ecosystem Services or their perceived value. Small herbivorous fish are small bodied fish species, such as damselfish, tangs, and surgeonfish that primarily feed on algae. Socio-Economic Drivers include the sectors that fulfill human needs for Food & Raw Materials, Water, Shelter, Health, Culture, and Security, and the Infrastructure that supports the sectors. Sponges are sessile colonial animals with soft porous bodies supported by a fibrous skeletal framework. Supporting services are ecological processes that indirectly benefit humans by maintaining a functional ecosystem for the production of other ecosystem goods and services. Turf algae is a type of low growing algae in reefs. Wetland and reef restoration are activities to directly improve, reestablish, or repair degraded ecosystems. A wetland is an area of land whose soil is saturated with moisture either permanently or seasonally.

CMap Description

The fish found on coral reefs are essential for coastal communities and extremely important in the wider world. Invertivorous fish, such as goatfish, filefish, squirrelfish and rays, consume benthic invertebrates. A few invertivorous fish species are important as aquarium stock and all species are important to cultural services of coral reefs. Invertivorous fish are supported by the complex habitat & resources provided by the reef ecosystem. Wetlands provide nursery habitat that supports the fish. Invertivorous fish provide a valuable link in the trophic food web as they are consumed by piscivorous fish, apex fish predators, and marine vertebrates. Like all fish species, invertivorous fish are stressed and killed by competing invasive species, disease-causing microorganisms, and disturbances of the physical & chemical environment. Socio-economic drivers lead to the removal & mortality of invertivorous fish through harvesting pressures. Biological monitoring, mapping, research, and restoration is paramount to ensure the flow of services from reef fish.

Citations

Citation Year Study Location Study Type Database Topics
Ang, TZ; Manica, A. 2011. Effect of the Presence of Subordinates on Dominant Female Behaviour and Fitness in Hierarchies of the Dwarf Angelfish Centropyge bicolor. Ethology 117:1111-1119. 2011 Anemones & Zooanthids; Fish; Funding & Incentives; Invertivorous Fish
Hedouin, L; Metian, M; Gates, RD. 2011. Ecotoxicological approach for assessing the contamination of a Hawaiian coral reef ecosystem (Honolua Bay, Maui) by metals and a metalloid. Marine Environmental Research 71:149-161. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Nutrients; Sediment; Stony Coral
Ilves, KL; Kellogg, LL; Quattrini, AM; Chaplin, GW; Hertler, H; Lundberg, JG. 2011. Assessing 50-Year Change In Bahamian Reef Fish Assemblages: Evidence For Community Response To Recent Disturbance? Bulletin of Marine Science 87:567-588. 2011 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Bahamas; India; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invasive Species; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
Konow, N; Bellwood, DR. 2011. Evolution of High Trophic Diversity Based on Limited Functional Disparity in the Feeding Apparatus of Marine Angelfishes (f. Pomacanthidae). PLoS One 6. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii Corallivorous Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Kuwamura, T; Suzuki, S; Kadota, T. 2011. Reversed sex change by widowed males in polygynous and protogynous fishes: female removal experiments in the field. Naturwissenschaften 98:1041-1048. 2011 Japan Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
McClanahan, TR. 2011. Coral reef fish communities in management systems with unregulated fishing and small fisheries closures compared with lightly fished reefs - Maldives vs. Kenya. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 21:186-198. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; Kenya; Maldives; India Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Small Herbivorous Fish
Strubin, C; Steinegger, M; Bshary, R. 2011. On Group Living and Collaborative Hunting in the Yellow Saddle Goatfish (Parupeneus cyclostomus). Ethology 117:961-969. 2011 Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Alva-Campbell, Y., S. R. Floeter, D. R. Robertson, D. R. Bellwood, and G. Bernardi. 2010. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of Holacanthus angelfishes (Pomacanthidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56:456-461. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Panama Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Cleveland, D. W. and K. L. Lavalli. 2010. Factors influencing the establishment of dominance hierarchies of the grey triggerfish Balistes capriscus. Current Zoology 56:18-35. 2010 Index or Indicator Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Garcia-Sais, J. R. 2010. Reef habitats and associated sessile-benthic and fish assemblages across a euphotic-mesophotic depth gradient in Isla Desecheo, Puerto Rico. Coral Reefs 29:277-288. 2010 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Index or Indicator Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Sponges; Stony Coral
Meyer, C. G., Y. P. Papastamatiou, and T. B. Clark. 2010. Differential movement patterns and site fidelity among trophic groups of reef fishes in a Hawaiian marine protected area. Marine Biology 157:1499-1511. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Small Herbivorous Fish
Munoz, R. C., M. L. Burton, K. J. Brennan, and R. O. Parker. 2010. Reproduction, Habitat Utilization, And Movements Of Hogfish (Lachnolaimus Maximus) In The Florida Keys, Usa: Comparisons From Fished Versus Unfished Habitats. Bulletin of Marine Science 86:93-116. 2010 Florida; Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Stephen, J. A. and P. J. Harris. 2010. Commercial catch composition with discard and immediate release mortality proportions off the southeastern coast of the United States. Fisheries Research 103:18-24. 2010 Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Bray, R. A., T. H. Cribb, and J. L. Justine. 2009. New observations on the genus Hypocreadium Ozaki, 1936 (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae) in the Indo-West Pacific region, including the description of one new species. Zootaxa 22-40. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Palau; New Caledonia Invertivorous Fish
Feeley, M. W., O. J. Luiz, and N. Zurcher. 2009. Colour morph of a probable queen angelfish Holacanthus ciliaris from Dry Tortugas, Florida. Journal of Fish Biology 74:2415-2421. 2009 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Gallo, V., M. S. S. D. Carvalho, and A. A. Souto. 2009. A possible occurrence of Diodontidae (Teleostei, Tetraodontiformes) in the Upper Cretaceous of the Paraiba Basin, northeastern Brazil. Cretaceous Research 30:599-604. 2009 Invertivorous Fish
Headley, M., H. A. Oxenford, M. S. Peterson, and P. Fanning. 2009. Size related variability in the summer diet of the blackfin tuna (Thunnus atlanticus Lesson, 1831) from Tobago, the Lesser Antilles. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 25:669-675. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Antilles; Tobago Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Octopus & Squid; Planktivorous Fish
Jayewardene, D., M. J. Donahue, and C. Birkeland. 2009. Effects of frequent fish predation on corals in Hawaii. Coral Reefs 8-Jan. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Model Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Kolasinski, J., P. Frouin, A. Sallon, K. Rogers, H. J. Bruggemann, and M. Potier. 2009. Feeding ecology and ontogenetic dietary shift of yellowstripe goatfish Mulloidichthys flavolineatus (Mullidae) at Reunion Island, SW Indian Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress Series 386:181-195. 2009 Indian Ocean; Reunion; India Model Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Worms
Krajewski, J. P. 2009. How do follower reef fishes find nuclear fishes? Environmental Biology of Fishes 86:379-387. 2009 Model Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Moreno, X. G., L. A. Abitia, A. Favila, F. J. Gutierrez, and D. S. Palacios. 2009. Trophic ecology of the fish Arothron meleagris (Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae) from Los Frailes reef, Southern Baja California, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 57:113-123. 2009 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Mexico Index or Indicator Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Redman, R. A. and S. T. Szedlmayer. 2009. The effects of epibenthic communities on reef fishes in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Fisheries Management and Ecology 16:360-367. 2009 South & Central America; Cuba; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Seki, S., M. Kohda, G. Takamoto, K. Karino, Y. Nakashima, and T. Kuwamura. 2009. Female defense polygyny in the territorial triggerfish Sufflamen chrysopterum. Journal of Ethology 27:215-220. 2009 Japan Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Sonnenholzner, J. I., L. B. Ladah, and K. D. Lafferty. 2009. Cascading effects of fishing on Galapagos rocky reef communities: Reanalysis using corrected data. Marine Ecology Progress Series 375:209-218. 2009 Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins
Bartholomew, A., J. A. Bohnsack, S. G. Smith, J. S. Ault, D. E. Harper, and D. B. McClellan. 2008. Influence of marine reserve size and boundary length on the initial response of exploited reef fishes in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, USA. Landscape Ecology 23:55-65. 2008 Florida Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Courtney, A. J., M. J. Campbell, D. P. Roy, M. L. Tonks, K. E. Chilcott, and P. M. Kyne. 2008. Round scallops and square meshes: A comparison of four codend types on the catch rates of target species and by-catch in the Queensland (Australia) saucer scallop (Amusium balloti) trawl fishery. Marine and Freshwater Research 59:849-864. 2008 Australia Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Bivalves; Echinoderms; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Sponges
Dornburg, A., F. Santini, and M. E. Alfaro. 2008. The influence of model averaging on clade posteriors: An example using the triggerfishes (Family Balistidae). Systematic Biology 57:905-919. 2008 Model Invertivorous Fish
Feitosa, C. V., B. P. Ferreira, and M. Elisabeth De Araujo. 2008. A rapid new method for assessing sustainability of ornamental fish by-catch from coral reefs. Marine and Freshwater Research 59:1092-1100. 2008 Index or Indicator Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish
Huebert, K. B. 2008. Barokinesis and depth regulation by pelagic coral reef fish larvae. Marine Ecology Progress Series 367:261-269. 2008 Florida Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Konow, N., D. R. Bellwood, P. C. Wainwright, and A. M. Kerr. 2008. Evolution of novel jaw joints promote trophic diversity in coral reef fishes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 93:545-555. 2008 GIS & Maps Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Menard, A., K. Turgeon, and D. L. Kramer. 2008. Selection of diurnal refuges by the nocturnal squirrelfish, Holocentrus rufus. Environmental Biology of Fishes 82:59-70. 2008 South & Central America; Caribbean Model Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Rudershausen, P. J., E. H. Williams, J. A. Buckel, J. C. Potts, and C. S. Manooch III. 2008. Comparison of reef fish catch per unit effort and total mortality between the 1970s and 2005-2006 in Onslow Bay, North Carolina. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 137:1389-1405. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Piscivorous Fish
Slattery, M. and V. J. Paul. 2008. Indirect effects of bleaching on predator deterrence in the tropical Pacific soft coral Sinularia maxima. Marine Ecology Progress Series 354:169-179. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Octocoral; Sunscreen Use; Zooxanthellae
Van Nguyen, L. and H. Kim Phan. 2008. Distribution and factors influencing on structure of reef fish communities in Nha Trang Bay Marine Protected Area, South-Central Vietnam. Environmental Biology of Fishes 82:309-324. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; China; Vietnam Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Corallivorous Fish; Discharges; Fish; Hydrocoral; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Physical Variables; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Venmathi Maran, B. A., S. Ohtsuka, and G. A. Boxshall. 2008. A new species of Anuretes Heller, 1865 (Copepoda: Caligidae) from the yellowbanded sweetlips Plectorhinchus lineatus (Haemulidae) off New Caledonia. Systematic Parasitology 70:35-40. 2008 New Caledonia Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Weiss, H. M., E. Lozano-Alvarez, and P. Briones-Fourzan. 2008. Circadian shelter occupancy patterns and predator-prey interactions of juvenile Caribbean spiny lobsters in a reef lagoon. Marine Biology 153:953-963. 2008 South & Central America; Caribbean Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid
Affonso, P. R. A. M. and P. M. Galetti Jr. 2007. Genetic diversity of three ornamental reef fishes (Families Pomacanthidae and Chaetodontidae) from the Brazilian coast. Brazilian Journal of Biology 67:925-933. 2007 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Alfaro, M. E., F. Santini, and C. D. Brock. 2007. Do reefs drive diversification in marine teleosts? Evidence from the pufferfish and their allies (order tetraodontiformes). Evolution 61:2104-2126. 2007 Model Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Brown-Saracino, J., P. Peckol, H. Allen Curran, and M. L. Robbart. 2007. Spatial variation in sea urchins, fish predators, and bioerosion rates on coral reefs of Belize. Coral Reefs 26:71-78. 2007 South & Central America; Belize Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Planktivorous Fish; Sea Urchins
Burgess, S. C., M. J. Kingsford, and K. P Black. 2007. Influence of tidal eddies and wind on the distribution of presettlement fishes around One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef. Marine Ecology Progress Series 341:233-242. 2007 Australia Model Complex Habitat & Resources; Invertivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Cardona, L., M. Sales, and D. Lopez. 2007. Changes in fish abundance do not cascade to sea urchins and erect algae in one of the most oligotrophic parts of the Mediterranean. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 72:273-282. 2007 Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertebrates; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Planktivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish
Colvocoresses, J. and A. Acosta. 2007. A large-scale field comparison of strip transect and stationary point count methods for conducting length-based underwater visual surveys of reef fish populations. Fisheries Research 85:130-141. 2007 Florida; Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Hawkins, J. P., C. M. Roberts, F. R. Gell, and C. Dytham. 2007. Effects of trap fishing on reef fish communities. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 17:111-132. 2007 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Jamaica; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Hobbs, J.-P.A., A. J. Frisch, J. Hender, and J. J. Gilligan. 2007. New records of Angelfishes (Pomacanthidae) and butterflyfishes (Chaetodontidae) from Christmas and Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Indian Ocean. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 90:107-109. 2007 Australia; Indian Ocean; India Corallivorous Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Kulbicki, M. 2007. Biogeography of reef fishes of the French Territories in the South Pacific. Cybium 31:275-288. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia; Fiji; Tonga; Cook Islands Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Mantyka, C. S. and D. R. Bellwood. 2007. Macroalgal grazing selectivity among herbivorous coral reef fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 352:177-185. 2007 Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
McBride, R. S. and A. K. Richardson. 2007. Evidence of size-selective fishing mortality from an age and growth study of hogfish (Labridae: Lachnolaimus maximus), a hermaphroditic reef fish. Bulletin of Marine Science 80:401-417. 2007 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
McBride, R. S. and M. R. Johnson. 2007. Sexual development and reproductive seasonality of hogfish (Labridae: Lachnolaimus maximus), an hermaphroditic reef fish. Journal of Fish Biology 71:1270-1292. 2007 Model Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Meyer, C. G. 2007. The impacts of spear and other recreational fishers on a small permanent Marine Protected Area and adjacent pulse fished area. Fisheries Research 84:301-307. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Ross, P. M., S. F. Thrush, J. C. Montgomery, J. W. Walker, and D. M. Parsons. 2007. Habitat complexity and predation risk determine juvenile snapper (Pagrus auratus) and goatfish (Upeneichthys lineatus) behaviour and distribution. Marine and Freshwater Research 58:1144-1151. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Sediment
Sazima, C., J. P. Krajewski, R. M. Bonaldo, and I. Sazima. 2007. Nuclear-follower foraging associations of reef fishes and other animals at an oceanic archipelago. Environmental Biology of Fishes 80:351-361. 2007 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Invertebrates; Invertivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Sonnenholzner, J. I., L. B. Ladah, and K. D. Lafferty. 2007. Cascading effects of fishing on Galapagos rocky reef communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series 343:77-85. 2007 Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins
Taquet, M., G. Sancho, L. Dagorn, J.-C. Gaertner, D. Itano, R. Aumeeruddy, B. Wendling, and C. Peignon. 2007. Characterizing fish communities associated with drifting fish aggregating devices (FADs) in the Western Indian Ocean using underwater visual surveys. Aquatic Living Resource 20:331-341. 2007 Indian Ocean; Seychelles; Reunion; India Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Bowen, B. W., A. L. Bass, A. Muss, J. Carlin, and D. R. Robertson. 2006. Phylogeography of two Atlantic squirrelfishes (family Holocentridae): Exploring links between pelagic larval duration and population connectivity. Marine Biology 149:899-913. 2006 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Invertivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Briones-Fourzan, P., M. Perez-Ortiz, and E. Lozano-Alvarez. 2006. Defense mechanisms and antipredator behavior in two sympatric species of spiny lobsters, Panulirus argus and P. guttatus. Marine Biology 149:227-239. 2006 South & Central America; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Frisch, A. J. 2006. Are juvenile coral-trouts (Plectropomus) mimics of poisonous pufferfishes (Canthigaster) on coral reefs? Marine Ecology 27:247-252. 2006 Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Galetti Jr., P. M., W. F. Molina, P. R. A. M. Affonso, and C. T. Aguilar. 2006. Assessing genetic diversity of Brazilian reef fishes by chromosomal and DNA markers. Genetica 126:161-177. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Pacific Ocean Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Kavanagh, K. D. and J. E. Olney. 2006. Ecological correlates of population density and behavior in the circumtropical black triggerfish Melichthys niger (Balistidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 76:387-398. 2006 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Belize; Johnston Atoll Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Algae; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Krajewski, J. P. and R. M. Bonaldo. 2006. Plankton-picking by the goatfish Pseudupeneus maculatus (Mullidae), a specialized bottom forager. Journal of Fish Biology 68:925-930. 2006 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Plankton
Sazima, C., J. P. Krajewski, R. M. Bonaldo, and P. R. Guimaraes Jr. 2006. The goatfish Pseudupeneus maculatus and its follower fishes at an oceanic island in the tropical west Atlantic. Journal of Fish Biology 69:883-891. 2006 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Ben-David, J. and J. P. Kritzer. 2005. Early life history and settlement of the slender filefish, Monacanthus tuckeri (Monacanthidae), at Calabash Caye, Turneffe Atoll, Belize. Environmental Biology of Fishes 73:275-282. 2005 South & Central America; Belize Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Bruckner, A. W. 2005. The importance of the marine ornamental reef fish trade in the wider Caribbean. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53:127-137. 2005 Global; South & Central America; Florida; Puerto Rico; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Maldives; Sri Lanka; India; Japan; Vietnam; Indonesia; Philippines; Caribbean; Europe Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Corallivorous Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
De Mello Affonso, P. R. A. and P. M. Galetti Jr. 2005. Chromosomal diversification of reef fishes from genus Centropyge(Perciformes, Pomacanthidae). Genetica 123:227-233. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Pacific Ocean; Philippines Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff. 2005. Reef fish community structure in Bocas del Toro (Caribbean, Panama): Gradients in habitat complexity and exposure. Caribbean Journal of Science 41:613-637. 2005 South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate
Fisher, R. 2005. Swimming speeds of larval coral reef fishes: Impacts on self-recruitment and dispersal. Marine Ecology Progress Series 285:223-232. 2005 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Konow, N. and D. R. Bellwood. 2005. Prey-capture in Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Teleostei, Pomacanthidae): Functional implications of intramandibular joints in marine angelfishes. Journal of Experimental Biology 208:1421-1433. 2005 Invertivorous Fish
Schumacher, B. D. and J. D. Parrish. 2005. Spatial relationships between an introduced snapper and native goatfishes on Hawaiian reefs. Biological Invasions 7:925-933. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Cuba Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Stimson, J. 2005. Archipelago-wide episodic recruitment of the file fish Pervagor spilosoma in the Hawaiian Islands as revealed in long-term records. Environmental Biology of Fishes 72:19-31. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Watters, M. R. 2005. Tropical marine neurotoxins: Venoms to drugs. Seminars in Neurology 25:278-289. 2005 Europe Anemones & Zooanthids; Invertivorous Fish; Microorganisms; Octopus & Squid; Snails & Conch
Westneat, M. W. and M. E. Alfaro. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the reef fish family Labridae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36:370-390. 2005 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Model Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Arias-Gonzalez, J. E., R. Galzin, and M. Harmelin-Vivien. 2004. Spatial, ontogenetic, and temporal variation in the feeding habits of the squirrelfish Sargocentron microstoma on reefs in Moorea, French Polynesia. Bulletin of Marine Science 75:473-480. 2004 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Heemstra, E., P. Heemstra, M. Smale, T. Hooper, and D. Pelicier. 2004. Preliminary checklist of coastal fishes from the Mauritian island of Rodrigues. Journal of Natural History 38:3315-3344. 2004 Indian Ocean; Comoros; Madagascar; Seychelles; Mauritius; India Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate
Mateo, I. and W. J. Tobias. 2004. Survey of nearshore fish communities on tropical backreef lagoons on the southeastern coast of St. Croix. Caribbean Journal of Science 40:327-342. 2004 US Virgin Islands Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Rezai, H. and A. Savari. 2004. Observation on reef fishes in the coastal waters off some Iranian Islands in the Persian Gulf. Zoology in the Middle East 31:67-75. 2004 Middle East; Iran Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Caley, M. J. and D. Schluter. 2003. Predators favour mimicry in a tropical reef fish. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 270:667-672. 2003 Model Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Chiappone, M., H. Dienes, D. W. Swanson, and S. L. Miller. 2003. Density and Gorgonian host-occupation patterns by Flamingo Tongue snails (Cyphoma gibbosum) in the Florida keys. Caribbean Journal of Science 39:116-127. 2003 Florida Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Octocoral; Snails & Conch
Garpe, K. C. and M. C. Ohman. 2003. Coral and fish distribution patterns in Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania: Fish-habitat interactions. Hydrobiologia 498:191-211. 2003 Indian Ocean; Tanzania; India Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate
Stanley, D. R. and C. A. Wilson. 2003. Seasonal and spatial variation in the biomass and size frequency distribution of fish associated with oil and gas platforms in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Pages 123-153 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2003 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bermuda; Mexico Apex Fish Predators; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Rigs; Piscivorous Fish; Water Depth & Sea Level
Surman, C. A. and R. D. Wooller. 2003. Comparative foraging ecology of five sympatric terns at a sub-tropical island in the eastern Indian Ocean. Journal of Zoology 259:219-230. 2003 Australia; Indian Ocean; India Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Birds; Octopus & Squid
Takamoto, G., S. Seki, Y. Nakashima, K. Karino, and T. Kuwamura. 2003. Protogynous sex change in the haremic triggerfish Sufflamen chrysopterus (Tetraodontiformes). Ichthyological Research 50:281-283. 2003 Japan Model Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Vargas-Angel, B. 2003. Coral community structure off the Pacific coast of Colombia: Onshore vs offshore coral reefs. Atoll Research Bulletin 21-Jan. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii Complex Habitat & Resources; Discharges; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Turf Algae
Bean, K., G. P. Jones, and M. J. Caley. 2002. Relationships among distribution, abundance and microhabitat specialisation in a guild of coral reef triggerfish (family Balistidae). Marine Ecology Progress Series 233:263-272. 2002 Papua New Guinea Fish; Invertivorous Fish
De M Affonso, P. R. A., W. Guedes, E. Pauls, and P. M. Galetti Jr. 2002. Close karyotypical relationship between two species of marine angelfishes from South Atlantic: Pomacanthus arcuatus and P. paru (Perciformes, Pomacanthidae). Caryologia 55:323-329. 2002 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Holbrook, S. J. and R. J. Schmitt. 2002. Competition for shelter space causes density-dependent predation mortality in damselfishes. Ecology 83:2855-2868. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring Anemones & Zooanthids; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Plankton; Small Herbivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral
Jiddawi, N. S. and M. C. Ohman. 2002. Marine fisheries in Tanzania. Ambio 31:518-527. 2002 Tanzania Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Small Boats; Small Herbivorous Fish; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Kokita, T. 2002. The role of female behavior in maintaining monogamy of a coral-reef filefish. Ethology 108:157-168. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Invertivorous Fish
McClanahan, T. R., J. N. Uku, and H. Machano. 2002. Effect of macroalgal reduction on coral-reef fish in the Watamu Marine National Park, Kenya. Marine and Freshwater Research 53:223-231. 2002 Kenya Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Moura, R. L. and R. M. C. Castro. 2002. Revision of Atlantic sharpnose pufferfishes (Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae: Canthigaster), with description of three new species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 115:32-50. 2002 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Mexico Invertivorous Fish
Tupper, M. and M. A. Rudd. 2002. Species-specific impacts of a small marine reserve on reef fish production and fishing productivity in the Turks and Caicos Islands. Environmental Conservation 29:484-492. 2002 Turks and Caicos Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Funding & Incentives; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Turpin, R. K. and S. A. Bortone. 2002. Pre- and post-hurricane assessment of artificial reefs: Evidence for potential use as refugia in a fishery management strategy. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Storms & Hurricanes
Chen, T.-C., R. F. G. Ormond, and H.-K. Mok. 2001. Feeding and territorial behaviour in juveniles of three co-existing triggerfishes. Journal of Fish Biology 59:524-532. 2001 Taiwan Algae; Invertivorous Fish
Eagle, J. V., G. P. Jones, and M. I. McCormick. 2001. A multi-scale study of the relationships between habitat use and the distribution and abundance patterns of three coral reef angelfishes (Pomacanthidae). Marine Ecology Progress Series 214:253-265. 2001 Australia Algae; Invertivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Gilbert, C. R. 2001. Holacanthus dilaris bermudensis Goode, 1876 (currently Holacanthus bermudensis; Osteichthyes, Perciformes): Proposed conservation of usage of the subspecific name by the designation of a neotype. Bulletin of Marine Science 68:242. 2001 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Kokita, T. and A. Nakazono. 2001. Rapid response of an obligately corallivorous filefish Oxymonacanthus longirostris (Monacanthidae) to a mass coral bleaching event. Coral Reefs 20:155-158. 2001 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Stony Coral
McClanahan, T. R. and R. Arthur. 2001. The effect of marine reserves and habitat on populations of East African coral reef fishes. Ecological Applications 11:559-569. 2001 Indian Ocean; India Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Chan, T.T.C. and Y. Sadovy. 2000. Profile of the marine aquarium fish trade in Hong Kong. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 2:197-213. 2000 Global Review Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Designate Protected Species; Invertivorous Fish; Live Collection; Small Herbivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Chapman, M. R. and D. L. Kramer. 2000. Movements of fishes within and among fringing coral reefs in Barbados. Environmental Biology of Fishes 57:24-Nov. 2000 Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Kokita, T. and A. Nakazono. 2000. Seasonal variation in the diel spawning time of the coral reef fish Oxymonacanthus longirostris (Monacanthidae): Parental control of progeny development. Marine Ecology Progress Series 199:263-270. 2000 Cuba; Japan Fish; Invertivorous Fish
McClanahan, T. R. 2000. Recovery of a coral reef keystone predator, Balistapus undulatus, in East African marine parks. Biological Conservation 94:191-198. 2000 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Planktivorous Fish; Sea Urchins
Meyer, C. G., K. N. Holland, B. M. Wetherbee, and C. G. Lowe. 2000. Movement patterns, habitat utilization, home range size and site fidelity of whitesaddle goatfish, Parupeneus porphyreus, in a marine reserve. Environmental Biology of Fishes 59:235-242. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
Sancho, G., C. W. Petersen, and P. S. Lobel. 2000. Predator-prey relations at a spawning aggregation site of coral reef fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 203:275-288. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Johnston Atoll Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Substrate
Spanier, E. 2000. Changes in the ichthyofauna of an artificial reef in the southeastern Mediterranean in one decade. Scientia Marina 64:279-284. 2000 Cuba Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Kokita, T. and A. Nakazono. 1999. Spawning substrate selection by female longnose filefish, Oxymonacanthus longirostris. Ichthyological Research 46:429-432. 1999 Invertivorous Fish; Substrate
Kulbicki, M. and S. Sarramegna. 1999. Comparison of density estimates derived from strip transect and distance sampling for underwater visual censuses: A case study of Chaetodontidae and Pomacanthidae. Aquatic Living Resource 12:315-325. 1999 Fish; Invertivorous Fish
McClanahan, T. R. 1999. Predation and the control of the sea urchin Echinometra viridis and fleshy algae in the patch reefs of Glovers Reef, Belize. Ecosystems 2:511-523. 1999 South & Central America; Belize; Madagascar; Caribbean Algae; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertivorous Fish; Primary Production; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish
McClanahan, T. R., N. A. Muthiga, A. T. Kamukuru, H. Machano, and R. W. Kiambo. 1999. The effects of marine parks and fishing on coral reefs of northern Tanzania. Biological Conservation 89:161-182. 1999 Kenya; Tanzania Model Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Planktivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Small Herbivorous Fish
McClanahan, T. R., V. Hendrick, M. J. Rodrigues, and N. V. C. Polunin. 1999. Varying responses of herbivorous and invertebrate-feeding fishes to macroalgal reduction on a coral reef. Coral Reefs 18:195-203. 1999 Kenya Index or Indicator Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Small Herbivorous Fish
Parker, P. G. 1999. Fish assemblages at Julian Rocks and the adjacent waters of northern New South Wales, Australia. Australian Zoologist 31:134-144. 1999 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Sazima, I., R. L. Moura, and C. Sazima. 1999. Cleaning activity of juvenile angelfish, Pomacanthus paru, on the reefs of the Abrolhos Archipelago, western South Atlantic. Environmental Biology of Fishes 56:399-407. 1999 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Takama, K., T. Suzuki, K. Yoshida, H. Arai, and T. Mitsui. 1999. Phosphatidylcholine levels and their fatty acid compositions in teleost tissues and squid muscle. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 124:109-116. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Octopus & Squid
Becerro, M. A., V. J. Paul, and J. Starmer. 1998. Intracolonial variation in chemical defenses of the sponge Cacospongia sp. and its consequences on generalist fish predators and the specialist nudibranch predator Glossodoris pallida. Marine Ecology Progress Series 168:187-196. 1998 Guam Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Octopus & Squid; Sponges
Bunkley-Williams, L. and E. H. Williams Jr. 1998. Ability of Pederson cleaner shrimp to remove juveniles of the parasitic cymothoid isopod, Anilocra haemuli, from the host. Crustaceana 71:862-869. 1998 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Planktivorous Fish
Jennings, S. and M. J. Kaiser. 1998. The effects of fishing on marine ecosystems. Advances in Marine Biology 201-352. 1998 Review Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Birds; Sea Urchins; Whales & Dolphins
Kokita, T. and A. Nakazono. 1998. Plasticity in the mating system of the longnose filefish, Oxymonacanthus longirostris, in relation to mate availability. Journal of Ethology 16:81-89. 1998 Japan Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Kuwamura, T. and Y. Nakashima. 1998. New aspects of sex change among reef fishes: Recent studies in Japan. Environmental Biology of Fishes 52:125-135. 1998 Japan Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model Anemones & Zooanthids; Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Slattery, M., C. Avila, J. Starmer, and V. J. Paul. 1998. A sequestered soft coral diterpene in the aeolid nudibranch Phyllodesrnium guamensis Avila, Ballesteros, Slattery, Starmer and Paul. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 226:33-49. 1998 Guam Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Octocoral
Allen, G. R. and D. R. Robertson. 1997. An annotated checklist of the fishes of Clipperton Atoll, tropical eastern Pacific. Revista de Biologia Tropical 45:813-843. 1997 US Pacific & Hawaii Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Beets, J. 1997. Effects of a predatory fish on the recruitment and abundance of Caribbean coral reef fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 148:21-Nov. 1997 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Model Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Bortone, S. A., R. K. Turpin, R. C. Cody, C. M. Bundrick, and R. L. Hill. 1997. Factors associated with artificial-reef fish assemblages. Gulf of Mexico Science 15:17-34. 1997 South & Central America; Mexico Index or Indicator Artificial Habitat; Coralline Algae; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Friedlander, A. M. and J. D. Parrish. 1997. Fisheries harvest and standing stock in a Hawaiian Bay. Fisheries Research 32:33-50. 1997 US Pacific & Hawaii Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Jennings, S. and N. V. C. Polunin. 1997. Impacts of predator depletion by fishing on the biomass and diversity of non-target reef fish communities. Coral Reefs 16:71-82. 1997 Fiji Model Apex Fish Predators; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Kuwamura, T. 1997. Evolution of female egg care in haremic triggerfish, Rhinecanthus aculeatus. Ethology 103:1015-1023. 1997 Fish; Invertivorous Fish
McCormick, M. I. and L. J. Makey. 1997. Post-settlement transition in coral reef fishes: Overlooked complexity in niche shifts. Marine Ecology Progress Series 153:247-257. 1997 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Mines, D., S. Stahmer, and S. M. Shepherd. 1997. Poisonings: Food, fish, shellfish. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 15:157-177. 1997 Invertivorous Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Pennings, S. C., S. R. Pablo, and V. J. Paul. 1997. Chemical defenses of the tropical, benthic marine cyanobacterium Hormothamnion enteromorphoides: Diverse consumers and synergisms. Limnology and Oceanography 42:911-917. 1997 Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins
Sakai, Y. and M. Kohda. 1997. Harem structure of the protogynous angelfish, Centropyge ferrugatus (Pomacanthidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 49:333-339. 1997 Japan Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Stobutzki, I. C. 1997. Energetic cost of sustained swimming in the late pelagic stages of reef fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 152:249-259. 1997 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Dunlap, M. and J. R. Pawlik. 1996. Video-monitored predation by Caribbean reef fishes on an array of mangrove and reef sponges. Marine Biology 126:117-123. 1996 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Corallivorous Fish; Encrusting Sponges; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Mangroves; Sponges
Glynn, P. W., J. E. N. Veron, and G. M. Wellington. 1996. Clipperton Atoll (eastern Pacific): Oceanography, geomorphology, reef-building coral ecology and biogeography. Coral Reefs 15:71-99. 1996 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Mexico Algae; Coralline Algae; Fish; Hydrocoral; Invertivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Hobson, E. S. and J. R. Chess. 1996. Examination of a great abundance of filefish, Pervagor spilosoma, in Hawaii. Environmental Biology of Fishes 47:269-278. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Plankton
Jennings, S. and N. V. C. Polunin. 1996. Effects of fishing effort and catch rate upon the structure and biomass of Fijian reef fish communities. Journal of Applied Ecology 33:400-412. 1996 Fiji Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
McCormick, M. I. and B. A. Kerrigan. 1996. Predation and its influence on the condition of a newly settled tropical demersal fish. Marine and Freshwater Research 47:557-562. 1996 Lab Study Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Perez-Espana, H. and L. A. Abitia-Cardenas. 1996. Description of the digestive tract and feeding habits of the king angelfish and the Cortes angelfish. Journal of Fish Biology 48:807-817. 1996 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Nutrients; Sponges
Carr, M. H. and M. A. Hixon. 1995. Predation effects on early post-settlement survivorship of coral- reef fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 124:31-42. 1995 Bahamas Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Plankton; Small Herbivorous Fish
Barshaw, D. E. and E. Spanier. 1994. Anti-predator behaviors of the Mediterranean slipper lobster, Scyllarides latus. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:375-382. 1994 Artificial Habitat; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Substrate
Frazer, T. K. and W. J. Lindberg. 1994. Refuge spacing similarly affects reef-associated species from three phyla. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:388-400. 1994 South & Central America; Mexico Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid
McCormick, M. I. 1994. Variability in age and size at settlement of the tropical goatfish Upeneus tragula (Mullidae) in the northern Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Marine Ecology Progress Series 103:16-Jan. 1994 Australia Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Vose, F. E. and W. G. Nelson. 1994. Gray triggerfish (Balistes capriscus Gmelin) feeding from artificial and natural substrate in shallow Atlantic waters of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:1316-1323. 1994 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Fish; Invertebrates; Invertivorous Fish; Substrate
Holland, K. N., J. D. Peterson, C. G. Lowe, and B. M. Wetherbee. 1993. Movements, distribution and growth rates of the white goatfish Mulloides flavolineatus in a fisheries conservation zone. Bulletin of Marine Science 52:982-992. 1993 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
McCormick, M. I. 1993. Development and changes at settlement in the barbel structure of the reef fish, Upeneus tragula (Mullidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 37:269-282. 1993 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Plankton
McCormick, M. I. and B. W. Molony. 1993. Quality of the reef fish Upeneus tragula (Mullidae) at settlement: is size a good indicator of condition? Marine Ecology Progress Series 98:45-54. 1993 Australia Index or Indicator Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Shand, J. 1993. Changes in the spectral absorption of cone visual pigments during the settlement of the goatfish Upeneus tragula: the loss of red sensitivity as a benthic existence begins. Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology 173:115-121. 1993 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Acero P., A. and M. Rivera. 1992. Chaetodontidae and Pomacanthidae fish in the Santa Marta region (Colombia): density and relation with reef quality [Peces de las familias Chaetodontidae y Pomacanthidae en la region de Santa Marta (Colombia): densidad y relacion con la calidad del arrecif. Caribbean Journal of Science 28:184-190. 1992 South & Central America; Caribbean Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish
McCormick, M. I. and B. W. Molony. 1992. Effects of feeding history on the growth characteristics of a reef fish at settlement. Marine Biology 114:165-173. 1992 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Roberts, C. M., A. R. D. Shepherd, and R. F. G. Ormond. 1992. Large-scale variation in assemblage structure of Red Sea butterflyfishes and angelfishes. Journal of Biogeography 19:239-250. 1992 Corallivorous Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Colin, P. L. and L. J. Bell. 1991. Aspects of the spawning of labrid and scarid fishes (Pisces: Labroidei) at Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands with notes on other families. Environmental Biology of Fishes 31:229-260. 1991 Marshall Islands Calcareous Macroalgae; Corallivorous Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Uiblein, F. 1991. Ontogenetic shifts in resource use and shoaling tendency related to body size in Red Sea goatfish (Parupeneus forsskali, Mullidae). Marine Ecology 12:153-161. 1991 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Sediment
Matsuura, K. and T. Sunobe. 1990. First record of the filefish, Pervagor nigrolineatus, from Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 37:198-199. 1990 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan; Philippines Invertivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
McClanahan, T. R. 1990. Kenyan coral reef-associated gastropod assemblages: distribution and diversity patterns. Coral Reefs 9:63-74. 1990 Indian Ocean; Kenya; Tanzania; India Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Surface & Groundwater Flow
McClanahan, T. R. and S. H. Shafir. 1990. Causes and consequences of sea urchin abundance and diversity in Kenyan coral reef lagoons. Oecologia 83:362-370. 1990 Kenya Algae; Coralline Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Sponges; Stony Coral; Substrate
Moyer, J. T. 1990. Social and reproductive behavior of Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus (Pomacanthidae) at Bantayan island, Philippines, with notes on pomacanthid relationships. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 36:459-467. 1990 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Japan; Philippines Complex Habitat & Resources; Invertivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Bauchot, R., J.-M. Ridet, and M.-L. Bauchot. 1989. The brain organization of butterflyfishes. Environmental Biology of Fishes 25:205-219. 1989 Index or Indicator Corallivorous Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Sponges
Guzman, H. M. and J. Cortes. 1989. Coral reef community structure at Cano Island, Pacific Costa Rica. Marine Ecology 10:23-41. 1989 US Pacific & Hawaii; Costa Rica Algae; Coralline Algae; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Seastars; Stony Coral
Guzman, Hector M., and D. Ross Robertson. 1989. Population and feeding responses of the corallivorous pufferfish Arothron meleagris to coral mortality in the eastern Pacif. Marine Ecology Progress Series 55:121-31. 1989 Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Heck Jr, K. L. and M. P. Weinstein. 1989. Feeding habits of juvenile reef fishes associated with Panamanian seagrass meadows. Bulletin of Marine Science 45:629-636. 1989 Panama Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Hixon, M. A. and J. P. Beets. 1989. Shelter characteristics and Caribbean fish assemblages: experiments with artificial reefs. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:666-680. 1989 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Apex Fish Predators; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Hourigan, T. F., F. G. Stanton, P. J. Motta, C. D. Kelley, and B. Carlson. 1989. The feeding ecology of three species of Caribbean angelfishes (family Pomacanthidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 24:105-116. 1989 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Algae; Invertivorous Fish; Octocoral; Sponges
Lobel, P. S. 1989. Ocean current variability and the spawning season of Hawaiian reef fishes. Environmental Biology of Fishes 24:161-171. 1989 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Seaman Jr, W., W. J. Lindberg, C. R. Gilbert, and T. K. Frazer. 1989. Fish habitat provided by obsolete petroleum platforms off Southern Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:1014-1022. 1989 Florida Apex Fish Predators; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Stroud, G. J., B. Goldman, and W. Gladstone. 1989. Larval development, growth and age determination in the sharpnose pufferfish Canthigaster valentini (Teleostei: Tetraodontidae). Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 36:327-337. 1989 Australia; Cuba; Japan Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Dominguez, J. H. and M. L. Reaka. 1988. Temporal activity patterns in reef-dwelling stomatopods: a test of alternative hypotheses. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 117:47-69. 1988 US Virgin Islands Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms
Johnson, W. S. and P. Ruben. 1988. Cleaning behavior of Bodianus rufus, Thalassoma bifasciatum, Gobiosoma evelynae, and Periclimenes pedersoni along a depth gradient at Salt River Submarine Canyon, St. Croix. Environmental Biology of Fishes 23:225-232. 1988 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Planktivorous Fish; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Barlow, G. W. 1987. Spawning, eggs and larvae of the longnose filefish Oxymonacanthus longirostris, a monogamous coralivore. Environmental Biology of Fishes 20:183-194. 1987 Algae; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Plankton
Eales, J. G. and S. Shostak. 1987. Total and free thyroid hormones in plasma of tropical marine teleost fish. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 3:127-131. 1987 Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Aldenhoven, J. M. 1986. Different reproductive strategies in a sex-changing coral reef fish Centropyge bicolor ( Pomacanthidae). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 37:353-360. 1986 Model Fish; Invertivorous Fish
Grizzle, J. M. 1986. Lesions in fishes captured near drilling platforms in the Gulf of Mexico. Marine Environmental Research 18:267-276. 1986 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Pathogens; Piscivorous Fish
Hoffman, S. G. 1985. Effects of size and sex on the social organization of reef-associated hogfishes, Bodianus spp. Environmental Biology of Fishes 14:185-197. 1985 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Shulman, M. J. 1985. Coral reef fish assemblages: intra- and interspecific competition for shelter sites. Environmental Biology of Fishes 13:81-92. 1985 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Chester, A. J., G. R. Huntsman, P. A. Tester, and C. S. Manooch III. 1984. South Atlantic Bight reef fish communities are represented in hook-and-line catches. Bulletin of Marine Science 34:267-279. 1984 South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Reinthal, P. N., B. Kensley, and S. M. Lewis. 1984. Dietary shifts in the queen triggerfish, Balistes vetula, in the absence of its primary food item, Diadema antillarum. Marine Ecology 5:191-195. 1984 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins
Robblee, M. B. and J. C. Zieman. 1984. Diel variation in the fish fauna of a tropical seagrass feeding ground. Bulletin of Marine Science 34:335-345. 1984 US Virgin Islands Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Seagrasses
Gladfelter, W. B. and W. S. Johnson. 1983. Feeding niche separation in a guild of tropical reef fishes ( Holocentridae). Ecology 64:552-563. 1983 US Virgin Islands; India Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Planktivorous Fish
Hoffman, S. G. 1983. Sex-related foraging behavior in sequentially hermaphroditic hogfishes ( Bodianus spp.). Ecology 64:798-808. 1983 South & Central America; Panama; Mexico Invertivorous Fish
Walsh, W. J. 1983. Stability of a coral reef fish community following a catastrophic storm. Coral Reefs 2:49-63. 1983 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Reynolds, W. W. and M. E. Casterlin. 1981. Thermoregulatory behavior of the triggerfish Balistes fuscus in an electronic shuttlebox. Hydrobiologia 83:255-256. 1981 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting
Itzkowitz, M. 1977. Social dynamics of mixed-species groups of Jamaican reef fishes. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 2:361-384. 1977 Jamaica Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Eisler, R. 1975. Acute toxicities of crude oils and oil dispersant mixtures to Red Sea fishes and invertebrates. Israel Journal of Zoology 24:16-27. 1975 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Octocoral; Sea Urchins
Phleger, C. F. 1975. Bone lipids of Kona Coast reef fish: skull buoyancy in the hawkfish, Cirrhites pinnulatus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A 52:101-104. 1975 Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish
Banner, A. H. 1973. Hallucinatory mullet poisoning: A case from Oahu. Hawaii Medical Journal 32:330-331. 1973 South Africa Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Pathogens; Piscivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Randall, J. E. and W. D. Hartman. 1968. Sponge-feeding fishes of the West Indies. Marine Biology 1:216-225. 1968 India Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Sponges

Management Options

Management Option Description Sources Database Topics
Fishing & Harvesting Management: Derelict Fishing Gear & Ghost Fishing The term "ghost fishing" is used to describe the capture of marine organisms by lost or abandoned fishing gear. This is particularly a problem with gillnets, trammel nets and pots. Gear is usually lost because it becomes stuck on rough bottoms containing corals and stones, causing the buoy line to break during retrieval. Nets or pots may continue to fish for years, with captured fish and crustaceans dying and serving as attracting bait for more fish and organisms. Ghost fishing may therefore represent a serious problem in many areas, causing hidden fishing mortality over a long period of time. This management option co-insides with (#63) Respond to Natural Resource Injuries form Derelict Vessels. Cochrane, K.L., editor. 2002. A Fishery Manager's Guidebook. Management Measures and their application. Fisheries Technical Paper 424, FAO, Rome.

Seas At Risk. 2009. Moving Towards Low Impact Fisheries In Europe Policy Hurdles & Actions.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Arthropods; Artificial Habitat; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Corallivorous Fish; Discharges; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Littering; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Debris; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Monitor & Research: Fisheries Sampling Improved fisheries sampling programs require improving the spatial resolution of commercial and recreation fisheries-dependent and fisheries-independent sampling programs to provide statistics on catch and effort. Improved sampling can be achieved through evaluating and enhancing census programs by using smaller sampling areas. Also, fishery pre-recruitment monitoring efforts should be continued for long-term prediction of fishery stocks. Last, investigating life histories of fishery species needs to be conducted because it is currently a gap. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Apex Fish Predators; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Corallivorous Fish; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Security & Public Administration Policies; Small Herbivorous Fish
Resource Use Management: Seasonal Fisheries and Harvesting Finfish and shellfish stocks may be more or less susceptible to fishing pressures during certain times of the year. This may be due to seasonality of recruitment and/or changes in food/predation pressures. If fishing restrictions may be more successful if this seasonality is taken into consideration and fishing pressure adjusted accordingly. Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Artisanal Fishing; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Commercial Fisheries; Corallivorous Fish; Decision Support; Echinoderms; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Live Collection; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Products; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Permitting & Zoning; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Small Herbivorous Fish; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation Policies
Resource Use Management: Fisheries Catch Quotas Quotas designate the Total Allowable Catch (TAC) allocated to an operating unit such as a country, a vessel, a company or an individual fisherman (individual quota) depending on the system of allocation. Quotas may or may not be transferable, inheritable, and tradable. While generally used to allocate total allowable catch, quotas could be used also to allocate fishing effort or biomass. Seas At Risk. 2009. Moving Towards Low Impact Fisheries In Europe Policy Hurdles & Actions.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Apex Fish Predators; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Raw Materials; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Live Collection; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Products; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Snails & Conch; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage

Laws

Legal Citation Purpose of Law Management Organization Database Topics

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