Table 1 Comparison of Model Capabilities

Model Capabilities

CFWR Model

Modified PRZM-Exams Linkage^A

RIVWQ^1B

HSPF (BASINS)^C

SWAT^D

AnnAGNPS^E

General Model Capabilities

Model Purpose

Runoff

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

Erosion

X

X¹

X

X

X

Leaching

X

X¹

X

X

X

Receiving surface water

X

X

X

X

X

X

Receiving ground water

X

X

Programming Language

FORTRAN

X

X

X

X

X

C

X

Source code available

X

X

X

X

X

Availability

Commercial

X

X

Public

X

X

X

X

Internet availability

X

X

X

X

Documentation

Users manual current

X

X

X

X

X

Example input files

X

X

X

X

Example output files

X

X

X

X

Pre/Post Processor

Input preprocessor

X

X

X

X

Output postprocessor

X

X

X

X

Software compatibility

• Statistical

X

X

X

• Spreadsheet

X

X

X

X

X

• Graphical

X

X

X

Geographically Referenced Databases

Crops

X

X¹

X

X

X

Management practices

X

X¹

X

X

Soils

X

X¹

X

X

X

Meteorology

X

X¹

X

X

X

GIS-Interface

• Reach file linkage

X

X

• Drinking water utility linkage

X

X

• ARCVIEW

X

X

• ARCINFO

X

• ARCINFO/ARCVIEW compatible

X

Scale

Microplot

X

Field

X

X

X

Watershed

X

X

X

X

X

X

River basin

X

X

X

X

Modeling Approach

Deterministic

X

X

X

X

X

X

Stochastic

X

• Weather generator built in

X

X

Validation

Peer reviewed

• Internal

X

X

X

X

• External

X

X

Test case validation

X

X

X

X

Sensitivity Analysis

X

X

X

Simulation Period

Event

X

X

X

X

X

Continuous

X

X

X

X

X

X

Simulation Time Step

< 1 day

X

X

X

X

Day

X

X

X

X

X

X

> 1 day

X

X

Field Simulation

General

Mass balance

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

Solution technique

• Numerical

X

X¹

X

X

• Analytical

X

X

X

Multiple pesticides per simulation

X

X¹

X

X

X

Transformation products considered

X

X¹

X

sticide Type

Organic

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

Inorganic

X

X

X

Hydrophobic

X

X

X¹

X

X

Hydrophilic

X

X

X¹

X

X

Pesticide Application

Banded

X

X

X¹

Broadcast

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

Foliar

X

X¹

X

X

X

Soil incorporation

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

Chemigation

X

X¹

X

X

Multiple application

• With same method

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

• With different method

X

X¹

X

X

X

Pesticide Dissipation Processes (Field)

Foliar interception

X

X¹

X

X

Foliar washoff

X

X¹

X

X

Foliar degradation

X

X¹

X

X

Plant uptake

X

X¹

X

X

Soil degradation

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

Soil sorption

• Linear model

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

• Nonlinear model

X

Volatilization

X

X¹

X

Transport into ground water

X

X¹

X

X

Transport in subsurface lateral flow

X

X¹

X

X

Transport in surface water

X

X

X

X

Spray drift

X

X

Soil Physical/Chemical Properties

Soil chemical properties (eg., pH, redox, organic matter)

X

X¹

X

X

Soil physical properties (eg., texture, structure, bulk density)

X

X¹

X

X

X

Use of multiple soil types

X

X¹

X

X

X

Soil Hydrologic Processes

Precipitation (rain, snow)

X

X¹

X

X

X

Evapotranspiration (ET)*

X

X¹

X

X

X

Infiltration (eg., "tipping bucket", Richards eqtn.)*

X

X¹

X

X

X

Macropore/preferential flow*

X

Runoff (e.g., curve number, kinematic wave)*

X

X¹

X

X

X

Subsurface lateral flow

X

X¹

X

X

Multiple subbasins

X

X¹

X

X

X

Surface water and ground water interaction

X

X

* Please indicate governing equations.

Crop Management

Irrigation (eg., drip, furrow, sprinkler):

X

X¹

X

X

Tillage practices (eg., conservation, conventional, no-till, reduced)

X

X¹

X

X

Buffer strips

X

Grassed waterways

X

X

Terraces

X

X

Tile drains

X

X

Crop Growth

Biomass production

X

X

Ground cover

X

X

Heat units

X

Leaf area index (LAI)

X

X¹

X

Root growth

X

X¹

X

X

Rooting depth

X

X¹

X

Yields

X

Crop Simulations

Agricultural Crops

• Orchards

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

• Pasture/rangeland

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

• Row crops

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

• Small grains

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

• Turf

X

X¹

X

X

X

• Aquatic crops

X

X

• Fallow

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

• Rotation

X

X¹

X

X

X

Forest

X

X

X

Urban

X

X

X

Ground Water Simulation (Aquifer)

General

Mass balance

X

X

Solution technique

• Numerical

X

X

• Analytical

X

Multiple pesticides per simulation

X

X

Transformation products considered

X

Time Dimensionality

Steady state flow

X

X

Transient flow

Transport Processes

Advection

X

X

Dispersion

X

X

Diffusion

X

X

Ground Water Dissipation Processes

Degradation

• Kinetic model

X

X

Sorption

• Linear model

X

X

• Nonlinear model

Transport into surface water

X

X

Surface Water Simulation

Overland Sediment Transport

Overland erosion (eg., USLE, MUSLE, Onstad-Foster, SLOSS)*

X

X¹

X

X

Sediment deposition

X

X

X

Distribution of sediment size

X

X

*Please indicate governing equations.

Surface Water Representation

Mass balance

X

X

X

X

X

X

Solution technique

• Numerical

X

X

• Analytical

X

X

X

X

Multiple pesticide per simulation

X

X

X

X

Transformation products considered

X

X²

X

Moveable sediment bed

X

X

X

X

Spatial Dimensionality

Lake

X

X

X

X

River

X

X

X

X

X

X

Reservoir

X

X

X

X

X

X

Single completely mixed reactor

X

X

X

X

X

X

1-D longitudinal sections

X

X

X

X

2-D horizontal sections

X

X

Branched systems

X

X

X

X

Vertical stratification

X

Time Dimensionality

Steady-state

X

X

X

Dynamic

X

X

X

X

X

Pesticide Dissipation Processes in Surface Waters

Abiotic degradation

• Hydrolysis

X³

X

X³

X

• Photolysis

X³

X

X³

X

Microbial degradation

X³

X

X³

X

X

X

Sediment Sorption

• Linear model

X

X

X

X

X

• Nonlinear model

X

Volatilization

X

X

X

X

Sediment transport

X

• Settling

X

X

X

X

X

• Resuspension

X

X

X

X

X

• Burial

X

X

X

X

Output

Field

• Temporally dependent

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

• Spatially dependent

X

X

X¹

X

X

X

Ground water

• Temporally dependent

X

• Spatially dependent

X

Surface water

• Temporally dependent

X

X

X

X

X

X

• Spatially dependent

X

X

X

X

X

X