July 2006 Symposium on Nanotechnology and the Environment: Introduction: Overview of Nanotechnology and the Environment
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July 12, 9:30-10:30 AM
Dr. Vicki Colvin, Professor of Chemistry and Professor of Chemical Engineering, Rice
University
Presentation Slides (PDF) (28pp, 1.4MB)
Highlights, Question and Answer Session
Abstract
Traditionally, nanotechnology has been motivated by the growing importance of very small (d < 50 nm)
computational and optical elements in diverse technologies. However, this length scale is also an
important and powerful one for living systems. At Rice, we believe that the interface between the 'dry'
side of inorganic nanostructures and the 'wet' side of biology offers enormous opportunities for medicine,
environmental technologies, as well as entirely new types of nanomaterials. As part of our work on the
potential biological applications, we also consider the unintended environmental implications of water
soluble nanomaterials. Given the breadth of nanomaterial systems, we use a carefully selected group of
model nanoparticles in our studies and focus on natural processes that occur in aqueous systems. We
characterize the size and surface-dependent transport, fate and facilitated contaminant transport of these
engineered nanomaterials. Models from larger colloidal particles can be extended into the nanometer
size regime in some cases, while in others entirely new phenomena present themselves. We also
consider biological interactions of nanoparticles and specifically address the interactions of a classic
nanomaterial, C60, with cellular systems. While the water-suspendable nano-C60 nanocrystal is
apparently cytotoxic to various cell lines, the closely related fully hydroxylated, C60(OH)24, is non-toxic,
thus producing no cellular response. Similarly, we have also found that functionalized single-walled
carbon nanotubes are non-toxic to cells in culture. More specifically, as the functionalization density of
the single walled nanotubes (SWNT) increases, the nanotube becomes more inert to cultures.
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