United States Environmental Protection Agency Solid Waste and Emergency Response (5306W) EPA 530-B-98-004 August 1998 www.epa.gov/tribalmsw PUBLICATIONS ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDIAN COUNTRY This resource guide describes U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and Native American organization publications designed to assist tribal leaders, environmental personnel, and the public in developing, expanding, and implementing integrated solid waste management programs. More and more tribal communities are finding that using integrated solid waste management improves their ability to handle municipal solid waste (MSW) in a safe and environmentally sensitive manner. These resources encourage tribal decision-makers to evaluate the appropriate mix of waste management activities, such as source reduction, recycling, composting, and landfilling, for their waste streams. These publications range from pamphlets and newsletters that provide general outreach information, to guidance documents that provide technical assistance. These documents provide information useful to waste management programs at the developmental stage as well as to established programs. Integrated solid waste management involves using a combination of techniques and programs to manage a community's waste stream. To account for variations in waste streams between communities, planners can tailor integrated waste management systems to fit specific local needs. EPA suggests using the following hierarchy as a tool for setting goals and planning waste management activities. The elements of the hierarchy are: ============================================================ Source Reduction Recycling Landfilling and Waste Combustion ============================================================ Source reduction or waste prevention means any practice that reduces the amount or toxicity of waste generated. Because it avoids recycling, composting, landfilling, and combustion, source reduction can help reduce waste disposal and handling costs. It also conserves resources and reduces pollution. Recycling, the next level of the hierarchy, is the process by which materials are collected and used as raw materials for new products. Recycling includes collecting recyclable materials, separating materials by type, processing them into reusable forms, and purchasing and using goods made with reprocessed materials. Recycling prevents potentially useful materials from being landfilled or combusted and allows the capacity for disposal to be preserved while saving energy and natural resources. Similarly, composting can play a key role in diverting organic wastes from disposal facilities. Landfilling and waste combustion provide the last level of the hierarchy because they manage waste that cannot be reduced or recycled. Some communities, due to land availability and population characteristics that make recycling impractical, might choose landfilling as their principal method of managing waste. A well-constructed, properly operated landfill should not present a significant health risk. Waste combustion in specially designed facilities also reduces the bulk of waste and often provides the added benefit of energy recovery. This resource guide assists tribal decision-makers in planning and implementing integrated waste management and educating the public on the importance of proper waste management. By working together, tribal communities can manage their waste and protect human health and the environment. Documents in this resource guide are grouped according to topic area (e.g., source reduction, recycling, and landfilling). Those with EPA numbers are available free of charge and can be ordered by completing the order form found at the end of this booklet. Orders may be mailed, faxed, or called in to EPA or placed using EPA's online ordering system. Some documents also are available in Adobe Acrobat PDF format at the addresses listed in the guide. Documents published by EPA Regions or other organizations can be ordered by calling the numbers listed after the document titles. A separate bibliography of publications relating to mining waste management and engineering practices also is available. GENERAL Third National Tribal Conference on Environmental Management, November 1996. EPA530-R-96-052. (30 pages) Summarizes the 37 sessions presented at the Third National Tribal Conference on Environmental Management held May 21-23, 1996 in Polson, Montana. Covers topics such as waste management, pollution prevention, tribal air quality, ground water contamination, and Superfund activities. Describes a forum for sharing concerns and recommendations on how EPA and tribes can continue improving environmental protection in Indian Country. Includes a list of the 500 conference participants who represented more than 120 different tribes, Alaska native villages, tribal consortia, and other organizations as well as government agencies such as EPA, the Department of Energy (DOE), and BIA. Decision-Makers' Guide To Solid Waste Management, Volume II, August 1995. EPA530-R-95-023. (371 pages) Contains technical and economic information to assist solid waste management practitioners in planning, managing, and operating MSW programs and facilities. Developed for use by local government officials, facility owners and operators, and other interested parties. Includes suggestions for public education and involvement programs, a discussion of facility siting issues, and techniques for developing a successful waste management program. Presents issues to consider when planning or evaluating waste collection systems and source reduction programs. Provides information on how to develop a recycling collection program, including a 12-component plan for successful program design. Discusses methods and programs for composting and issues to address when considering combustion as a part of a waste management plan. Provides information relating to the design, operation, and closure of landfills. RCRA Orientation Manual, May 1998. EPA530-R-98-004. (300 pages) Available online soon. Check OSW's "What's New" page at for updates. Supersedes the 1990 version. Introduces the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), describes statutory provisions, explains RCRA's relationship to other environmental statutes, explores solid and hazardous waste management plus underground storage tanks, and discusses public participation under RCRA. Reflects changes in the dynamics of waste management and regulations since the publication of the well-received 1990 version. Full Cost Accounting for Municipal Solid Waste: A Handbook, November 1995. EPA530-R-95-041. (107 pages) Helps decision-makers understand the direct and indirect costs of MSW services. Describes the key concepts and benefits of full cost accounting (FCA) and helps communities learn how others have used FCA. Describes the steps involved with implementing FCA for solid waste management. Partnerships in Solid Waste Management, December 1997. EPA530-F-97-019. (4 pages) Describes working in partnership with other tribes, states, or local governments to address solid waste issues. Discusses why partnerships are beneficial, what obstacles impede partnership, how to develop a partnership agreement, and how to work in partnership after entering into such an agreement. Provides a list of other partnership resources and a case study describing the partnership of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians with Swain County, North Carolina. Joining Forces on Solid Waste Management: Regionalization Is Working in Rural and Small Communities, October 1994. EPA530-K-93-001. (40 pages) Provides readers with an introduction to regionalization, a process whereby neighboring communities pool resources to address local challenges. Discusses some of the key advantages and potential barriers associated with regionalization, explains the planning activities that need to precede these projects, and describes the different types of organizational approaches that can be used to carry out regional solid waste management activities. Presents five successful regionalization efforts to help readers consider how regionalization might work in their communities. Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the United States: 1997 Update, May 1998. EPA530-R-98-008. (182 pages) Describes the national MSW stream based on data collected between 1960 and 1996. The data in this report can be used to develop approximate estimates of MSW generation and composition in a defined area. The report includes information on: MSW generation, recovery, and discard quantities; per capita generation and discard rates; residential and commercial portions of MSW generation; trends in MSW management; the role of source reduction in MSW management; and projections for MSW generation and management through 2010. MSW Factbook (Version 4.0) EPA530-C-97-001. A paperless electronic reference manual containing more than 200 "screens" of useful facts, figures, tables, and information about MSW. Can be viewed on EPA's web site or installed on any computer equipped with a mouse and Microsoft Windows. Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Composting Options: Lessons from 30 Communities, 1992. EPA530-R-92-015. (180 pages) Analyzes the actual operating experience of 30 diverse communities--some with high material recovery rates, others with model waste reduction initiatives--and draws lessons for communities wanting to strengthen their own programs. Examines materials generation and recovery levels. Discusses waste prevention strategies and comprehensive source- separation composting programs. Addresses improving residential, commercial, and institutional recovery levels as well as targeting construction and demolition debris for recovery. Analyzes the costs of recycling and composting. Appendices include data definitions and methodology, community contacts, and waste generation calculations. A Native American Agenda For Action: Solid Waste Management in the 1990's, The Pueblo of Zuni, September 1994. Available from EPA Region 6. To order, call 214 665-6760. (44 pages) Provides information on tribal solid waste issues and possible solutions. Describes the scope of solid waste issues for Native American communities. Outlines integrated solid waste management and defines its elements: source reduction, recycling, composting, combustion, and landfilling. Presents a Native American goal for solid waste management and ways the goal can be met. Stresses the importance of a tribal partnership with federal agencies. Outlines two objectives: to increase recycling and to enhance solid waste management planning and implementation. Appendices include information on assistance available from federal agencies, a direct mail form letter, a bibliography, a solid waste survey form, and a list of the tribal governments who contributed to the document. Catalog of Hazardous and Solid Waste Publications, Tenth Edition, September 1997. EPA530-B-97-003. (400 pages) Lists hazardous and solid waste documents released by EPA's Office of Solid Waste. This is a select list of publications that are frequently requested and is not a comprehensive list of all documents available. Current through June 30, 1997. Note: Office of Solid Waste, OSW, was renamed Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery, ORCR, on January 18, 2009. Environmental Planning for Small Communities: A Guide for Local Decision-Makers, September 1994. EPA625-R-94-009. (154 pages) Presents ideas and approaches to creating and implementing community environmental plans. Includes general information about environmental issues facing communities and suggestions for dealing with these issues. Developed for use by leaders of small communities. Describes how to define community needs and evaluate the effectiveness of environmental facilities. Explains how to determine which technologies and strategies will work in particular communities. Outlines how to set priorities and implement a plan. The appendices provide information on environmental regulations, methods for assessing risks from environmental problems, and additional sources of information. Illegal Dumping Prevention Guidebook, May 1998. EPA905-B-97-001. Available from EPA Region 5. To order, call 800 621-8431. Available online soon. Check Region 5's home page at for updates. Contains general information about illegal dumping and guidance for developing a prevention program. Includes a toolkit of best practices that have proven effective in combating illegal dumping along with case studies detailing successful implementation of those practices from across the United States. Intended for use by state, tribal, and local government officials, community groups, industry, and utilities. Everything You Wanted to Know About Environmental Regulations...But Were Afraid to Ask: A Guide for Indian Nations, May 1995. Available from EPA Region 7. To order, call 913 551-7649. (98 pages) Provides technical assistance and a framework for regulatory compliance and program development. References environmental issues and services available from EPA Region 7. Describes the functions of particular offices and grants available to Indian tribes. Discusses air quality, Superfund, solid waste, water, wetlands protection, and pesticides programs. Provides regional EPA and tribal contact information, definitions and acronyms, and hotline and clearinghouse numbers. First Annual Report: Open Dumps on Indian Lands, January 1997. Available from the Indian Health Service at 12300 Twinbrook Parkway, Suite 610, Rockville, MD 20852. (54 pages) Lists 868 dumps as required by the Indian Lands Open Dump Cleanup Act of 1994, which calls for the identification of open dumps in Indian Country, an assessment of their relative hazards, and the provision of financial and technical assistance to tribes and Alaska native villages to close such dumps. For each of the 868 dumps, lists ownership information, cover status, population served, location, dump contents, and other details. Model Tribal Solid Waste Management Code. Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc. Available on disk. To order, call 602 248-0071. (117 pages) Provides a model code for the management of solid waste on tribal lands. Describes the establishment of an environmental protection board and solid waste agency. Outlines issues and regulations involved with the management of municipal solid waste landfills. Includes information about unlawful disposal or burning of solid and hazardous waste. Summarizes the federal regulations regarding location restrictions, operating criteria, design criteria, ground-water monitoring, corrective action, closure and post-closure care requirements, and financial assurance. Lists prohibited materials and special wastes, discusses recycling and household hazardous waste, and outlines enforcement, administrative hearings, compliance, and public participation. Concludes with a list of definitions of key terms used in the model code. Tribal Guidebook: Programs for Waste and Chemical Hazards. Available from EPA Region 10. To order, call 206 553-6639. (19 pages) Outlines EPA Region 10 programs that address chemical and waste hazards in or adjacent to Indian Country. Provides EPA contacts from whom tribes can obtain more information about the programs. Each section includes types of available EPA assistance. Discusses prevention programs, including RCRA regulatory assistance, waste reduction strategies, and grant program information. Highlights cleanup programs such as Superfund and emergency response. Describes programs for chemical hazards such as asbestos, and special focus programs such as environmental justice. Tribal Seminar: Federal Indian Law and Policy, New England Tribal Histories, Environmental Traditions, and Programs, Seminar Notebook and Resource Manual, September 29-30, 1994. Available from EPA Region 1. To order, call 617 565-3420. (250 pages) Provides an overview of federal Indian law and policy, with particular emphasis on the Indian tribes of the New England region. Describes the historical and legal foundations of tribal governments and discusses federal recognition of the New England tribes. Highlights tribal environmental values and addresses past policy initiatives relating to Native Americans. Waste Management on Indian Reservations: An Introduction for Tribal Decision Makers, 1992. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs. To order, call the Bureau of Indian Affairs. (14 pages) Provides an overview of RCRA requirements governing solid waste management on Indian reservations. Describes the differences between hazardous waste and nonhazardous solid waste. Addresses jurisdictional issues for hazardous waste and municipal solid waste management. Publications on Mining Waste Management in Indian Country, December 1996. EPA530-B-96-009. (6 pages) Describes EPA publications designed to assist tribal leaders, environmental personnel, and the general public with mining and mineral processing issues. Includes publications relating to mining waste management and engineering practices. Listed publications discuss environmental impacts from noncoal mining operations, mining source reduction and recycling opportunities, and innovative techniques for waste management. SOURCE REDUCTION The Consumer's Handbook for Reducing Solid Waste, August 1992. EPA530-K-92-003. (36 pages) Describes how consumers can help reduce solid waste in the United States by following these four basic principles: reduce, reuse, recycle, and respond. Includes tips for reducing solid waste. Provides examples of communities that have succeeded at source reduction. Business Guide for Reducing Solid Waste, November 1993. EPA530-K-92-004. (76 pages) Offers an overview and step-by-step instructions designed to assist businesses, governments, and other organizations in establishing waste reduction programs. Contains a series of worksheets created to help a waste reduction team conduct a waste assessment and develop a program tailored to fit its business goals. The worksheets allow the team to estimate the types and amounts of waste generated, identify potential waste reduction options, and determine which options will work for their facility. Appendix A lists a number of specific waste reduction measures that can be implemented in the workplace. Spotlight on Waste Prevention, EPA's Program to Reduce Solid Waste at the Source, August 1995. EPA530-K-95-002. (17 pages) Describes the environmental and economic benefits of waste prevention. Outlines various ways to prevent waste and provides specific examples of both business and government waste prevention efforts. Pay-As-You-Throw, Lessons Learned About Unit Pricing, April 1994. EPA530-R-94-004. (85 pages) Details how communities can launch unit pricing programs (programs in which residents pay for solid waste services based on the amount of waste they generate). Presents lessons learned in a variety of communities that have implemented unit pricing and tailored their programs to specific needs and goals. Case studies showcase differences in the types of collection systems, fee structures, and complementary programs that can accompany unit pricing programs. Pay-As-You-Throw Tool Kit. To order, call toll free 888 EPA-PAYT. Contains: (1) guidebooks to help planners decide whether pay-as-you-throw might work in their communities; (2) a workbook, containing fact sheets, outreach and education ideas, and worksheets, to help determine the best way to design and implement a program; (3) a videotape that planners can use to provide residents and decision-makers with information about the program; and (4) software to help communities calculate the optimal per-container fees. Unit Pricing: Providing an Incentive to Reduce Municipal Solid Waste, February 1991. EPA530-SW-91-005. (12 pages) Explains the use of unit pricing, which has proven effective in both reducing overall waste and conserving economic and environmental resources. Under unit pricing, customers are charged for waste collection and disposal services based on the amount of waste they generate. Describes how unit pricing works and includes information on the potential benefits of unit pricing programs. Discusses issues for solid waste managers to consider when deciding whether to implement unit pricing. Source Reduction Program Potential Manual: A Planning Tool, September 1997. EPA530-R-97-002. (27 pages) Helps local solid waste planners determine the potential impact of various source reduction options. Examines program potential, or the portion of a waste stream category that could be addressed by a specific source reduction program. Covers three residential source reduction program options and three commercial options. Calculates the program potential using national figures and then shows managers how to calculate local program potential using their own data and the included worksheets. Climate Change and Waste, November 1997. EPA230-K-97-001. (4 pages) Introduces readers to the greenhouse effect, its consequences, and its link to solid waste issues. Describes how waste reduction can lead to beneficial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and how these reductions are measured. Discusses the overall Climate Change Action Plan. Sidebar gives brief information on several major greenhouse gases. RECYCLING Recycling Guide for Native American Nations, June 1995. EPA530-K-95-006. (17 pages) Describes the three components of recycling: collection, manufacture, and purchase. Helps tribal communities learn about setting up a recycling program. Includes information on how to decide which materials to collect; selecting locations, containers, and equipment; staffing the program; and educating the community. Describes composting and waste exchanges as other methods of waste reduction. Discusses startup steps for creating jobs through recycling. Lists examples of recycling businesses. Explains how buying recycled materials closes the recycling loop and describes steps for initiating a buy-recycled program. Lists additional recycling resources. Jobs Through Recycling Program (Brochure), December 19 97. EPA530-F-98-001. (4 pages) Introduces EPA's Jobs Through Recycling (JTR) initiative, which puts the tools of business development, such as technology transfer, financing, and marketing, directly into the hands of recycling businesses. Discusses JTR's objectives of expanding markets for recycled and reusable materials, stimulating economic development, and creating jobs. Describes Recycling and Reuse Business Assistance Centers (RBACs), Recycling Economic Development Advocates (REDAs), Demonstration Projects, and Investment Forums. Environmental Fact Sheet: Yard Waste Composting, May 1991. EPA530-SW-91-009. (4 pages) Discusses composting as an environmentally sound way to manage yard wastes. Explains why composting is a better alternative for disposing of yard wastes than landfilling and burning. Familiarizes communities with composting by describing how compost can be used and what materials can be composted. Explains in step-by-step detail how to set up a compost pile. Provides additional sources for learning more about composting. How to Start or Expand a Recycling Collection Program, January 1994. EPA530-F-94-007. (4 pages) Provides basic information on establishing recycling collection programs but focuses on collection in offices. Provides general descriptions of materials that are recyclable. Details step-by-step approach to starting a collection program including: how to collect recyclables, how to involve employees in recycling, and how to monitor and evaluate the program. Manufacturing from Recyclables: 24 Case Studies of Successful Enterprises, February 1995. EPA530-R-95-001. (115 pages) Examines manufacturing from recyclables and demonstrates the benefits to the community from localizing markets for its recyclables. Categorizes case studies according to the discarded materials used at the facility. Provides company background, feedstock used with emphasis on scrap materials, manufacturing process, profile of finished products, economics (cost and savings associated with operating a scrap-based enterprise), replicability (plans for expansion, relocation, or licensing of its process), and contacts for additional information. Includes a list of acronyms, definitions of terms, and available resources. Recycle: You Can Make a Ton of Difference, April 1992. EPA530-F-92-003. (Brochure) Introduces the national recycling campaign by providing an overview of solid waste problems and recycling solutions. Recycle: You Can Make a Ton of Difference, April 1992. EPA530-H-92-001. (Poster) Promotes greater use of recycling through a full-color poster. Presents a student on one side of a set of scales balancing a large pile of waste to illustrate the impact each individual can have on the solid waste dilemma. Reflects the global nature of MSW management, urging readers in six different languages to adopt recycling. Measuring Recycling: A Guide for State and Local Governments, September 1997. EPA530-R-97-011. (150 pages) Designed to help state and local agencies measure MSW recycling. Contains instructions, definitions, case studies, tips, forms, and worksheets to help calculate an MSW recycling rate. Provides information to help track broad categories of recycled materials and commodity-specific categories, if desired. Promotes consistent, meaningful measurement of recycling across jurisdictions. Organic Materials Management Strategies, March 1998. EPA530-R-97-003. (53 pages) Helps local governments evaluate organic materials management strategies. Describes seven composting strategies for organic materials in the MSW stream and presents an analysis of the benefits and costs of each, the potential for diverting organic materials from landfills or combustors, and the potential markets for diverted organic materials. Includes an overview of organic materials in the waste stream, estimates of avoided collection and disposal costs due to diversion of organic materials, descriptions of the management strategies, a review of compost markets and end-uses, and a summary and comparison of the net costs of each strategy. LANDFILLING Site-Specific Flexibility Requests for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills in Indian Country, August 1997. EPA530-R-97-016. (28 pages) Describes a process by which municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) owners and operators in Indian Country can request design and operating flexibility that is available to landfill owners and operators in states with EPA-approved MSWLF permitting programs. In this process, the tribe in whose part of Indian Country a landfill is proposed reviews and comments on the flexibility requests of nontribal owners and operators or individual tribal members before passing them on to EPA. The Agency considers the findings of the tribe when evaluating the flexibility requests. In cases where the tribal government is the owner or operator, EPA handles flexibility requests directly. If EPA approves a flexibility request, it will issue a site-specific rule allowing the use of alternative approaches. It's 1997...Do You Know About Upcoming Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Deadlines?, May 1997. EPA530-R-97-019. (2 pages) Provides guidance for owners and operators of qualifying small MSWLFs in Indian Country about the 1997 deadlines for federal regulations governing municipal solid waste disposal. Clarifies the effective dates for EPA's MSWLF rules and explains how tribes and Alaska native villages are affected by these deadlines. Lists other pertinent MSWLF resources. Criteria for Solid Waste Disposal Facilities: A Guide for Owners/Operators, March 1993. EPA530-SW-91-089. (20 pages) Summarizes the provisions of EPA's MSWLF Criteria. Discusses the major requirements of these regulations: who is required to comply and when, how the rule is implemented and enforced, and where to obtain more information. Useful for tribal government officials who are responsible for implementing the regulations. Safer Disposal For Solid Waste: The Federal Regulations for Landfills, March 1993. EPA530-SW-91-092. (15 pages) Summarizes federal regulations covering landfill location, operation, design, ground-water monitoring and corrective action, closure and post-closure care, and financial assurance. Describes the federal, state, tribal, and citizen roles in the management of waste in landfills. Provides local officials and others with additional sources of information on specific requirements for solid waste landfills. Solid Waste Disposal Facility Criteria, Final Rule, October 9, 1991. OSWFR91004. (141 pages) Contains text of revisions made to the Criteria for Classification of Solid Waste Disposal Facilities and Practices. Sets forth revised minimum federal criteria for MSW landfills, including location restrictions, facility design and operating criteria, and requirements for ground-water monitoring, corrective action, financial assurance, and closure and post-closure care. Establishes differing requirements for existing and new units. Sites for Our Solid Waste: A Guidebook for Effective Public Involvement, March 1990. EPA530-SW-90-019. (110 pages) Helps public officials, citizens, and industry professionals effectively involve the community in siting and constructing solid waste management facilities. Describes the siting process and presents examples of successful sitings, outlines the public's role in the siting process, and includes techniques for involving the public. Presents a strategy for effectively resolving conflicts that might develop during the siting process. Solid Waste Disposal Facility Criteria Technical Manual, November 1993. Revised May 1998. EPA530-R-93-017. (360 pages) Assists MSWLF owners and operators in achieving compliance with the revised MSWLF criteria located in the Code of Federal Regulations at 40 CFR Part 258. Offers technical information for owners and operators and their consultants to use in designing, operating, and closing landfills. In each of six chapters, presents a section of the criteria, explains the meaning of that section and who must comply, identifies technical issues that may need to be addressed to achieve compliance, and lists sources of further information. HOUSEHOLD HAZARDOUS WASTE Household Hazardous Waste: Steps to Safe Management, April 1993. EPA530-F-92-026. (6 pages) Household hazardous waste (HHW) is the used or leftover contents of household products that contain hazardous components, such as paints, cleaners, and pesticides. Describes steps that people can take to reduce the amount of household hazardous waste they generate and also describes safe management methods that can ensure that those wastes are safely stored, handled, and discarded. Household Hazardous Waste Management: A Manual for One-Day Community Collection Programs, August 1993. EPA530-R-92-026. (74 pages) Helps communities plan and operate a successful HHW collection program; focuses on 1-day drop-off programs. Provides community leaders and HHW collection program organizers with guidance on all aspects of planning, organizing, and publicizing a HHW collection program. Includes information on waste management methods as well as case studies of HHW collection programs. Universal Waste Rule, February 1996. EPA530-F-95-005. (Brochure) Outlines the Universal Waste Rule, which aims to reduce the amount of hazardous waste items, such as batteries, agricultural pesticides, and thermostats, in the municipal solid waste stream. Profiles how the rule affects businesses, households, and communities. Discusses how the rule encourages recycling and proper disposal of certain common hazardous wastes, reduces the regulatory burden on businesses that generate these wastes, and provides collection opportunities for communities and businesses. HAZARDOUS WASTE Understanding the Hazardous Waste Rules: A Handbook for Small Businesses--1996 Update, June 1996. EPA530-K-95- 001. (27 pages) Helps small business owners and operators understand how best to comply with federal hazardous waste management regulations. Provides an overview of the federal hazardous waste generator regulations but should not be used as a substitute for the actual requirements. Discusses requirements for conditionally exempt small quantity generators, small quantity generators, and large quantity generators. Describes how to manage hazardous waste on site and ship waste off site. Appendices include information on state hazardous waste management agencies, EPA and other federal resource centers, and EPA regional contacts. Identifying Your Waste: The Starting Point, September 1997. EPA530-F-97-029. (Brochure) Describes the current method of identifying hazardous waste under RCRA. First in a series that will explain the changes to RCRA being brought by the Hazardous Waste Identification Rule (HWIR). Also describes three steps in waste identification, and provides definitions and examples of each kind of waste. RCRA: Reducing Risk From Waste, September 1997. EPA530-K-97-004. (44 pages) Provides an overview of RCRA solid and hazardous waste regulations. Describes the history of RCRA, the roles of EPA and the states, and hazardous waste definitions and management requirements, including the roles of generators, transporters, and treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. Presents information on hazardous waste minimization. Also covers municipal and industrial solid waste, providing information on reducing, reusing, and recycling, as well as household hazardous waste. ALASKA Issues Landfills in the Bush: A Guide to Opening, Maintaining, and Closing Remote Solid Waste Sites, August 1996. Available from the Association of Village Council Presidents, Inc. (AVCP). To order, call 800 478-3521, ext. 7385 in Alaska or 907 543-7385 outside Alaska. (42 pages plus extensive appendices) Prepared for use in Alaska native villages by AVCP in a project supported by EPA, the U.S. Department of Commerce, and the Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs. Provides information specific to Alaska native villages about landfills; federal, state, regional, and local funding and knowledge resources, federal and state regulations and policies; solid waste management plan development; and siting. Includes a references section containing sample documents, forms, plans, permits, contact information, and other useful resources. Solid Solutions in Rural Alaska: Working Together to Reduce Waste in Our Communities, December 1996. Available from EPA Region 10 Alaska Operations Office- Anchorage, Tribal Program/VISTA. To order, call 907 271-6323. (135 pages) Written, compiled, and designed by Terri Stocks, AmeriCorps VISTA member, 1995-1996. Assists individuals, communities, and schools in reducing solid waste. Highlights a number of solutions that have succeeded in Alaska native villages. Includes content for planners and citizens, adults and children. Offers appendices with educational materials for schools and a comprehensive directory of recycling resources. Good Earth (17 pages) and Good Earth Workbook (29 pages), January 1991. Available from the Alaska Health Project. To order, call 800 478-2864 in Alaska or 907 276-2864 outside Alaska. Two-volume publication of the Alaska Native Health Board (ANHB) and the Alaska Health Project. Concerns hazardous and solid waste in Alaska native villages. Volume I, Good Earth: Defines hazardous materials; suggests ways to assemble a hazardous materials committee; explains how to find, recognize, and handle hazardous materials; and describes how to devise a community hazardous materials plan. Volume II, Good Earth Workbook: Step-by-step guide and checklist for inventory of hazardous materials in communities and preparation for spills and accidents. Environmental Heroes of the North. Available from the RurAL CAP Alaska EPA AmeriCorps Program. To order, call 800 478-7227 in Alaska or 907 279-2511 outside Alaska. (VHS Video, 11 minutes) Describes the work of AmeriCorps members in the RurAL CAP program. The program involves Alaska natives who worked with their villages to implement environmental protection measures such as collecting recyclables, gathering household hazardous waste, and educating communities. After showcasing the achievements of past members of the Alaska EPA AmeriCorps program, provides interested viewers with information on joining the RurAL CAP program. (The program recruits only Alaska natives for work in their own villages.) USED OIL Collecting Used Oil for Recycling/Reuse: Tips for Consumers Who Change Their Own Motor Oil and Oil Filters, March 1994. EPA530-F-94-008. (6 pages) Discusses problems associated with improper disposal of motor oil. Explains, in step-by-step detail, how to properly change and recycle your motor oil and oil filter. How to Set Up a Local Program to Recycle Used Oil, May 1989. EPA530-SW-89-039A. (41 pages) Explains the organization, design, implementation, and promotion of a used oil program, as well as administrative issues. Appendices include sample brochures and letters. Managing Used Oil: Advice for Small Businesses, November 1996. EPA530-F-96-004. (4 pages) Provides valuable information for businesses such as service stations, fleet maintenance facilities, and "quick lube" shops that generate and handle used oil. Defines used oil and summarizes EPA used oil management standards. Discusses used oil recycling, leaks and spills, record keeping, and other issues. Addresses how business can conserve oil and avoid costly cleanups. Recycling Used Oil: For Service Stations and Other Vehicle-Service Facilities, June 1989. EPA530-SW-89-039D. (Brochure) Instructs service station owners about recycling used automobile oil, with a list of seven suggestions. Includes the EPA RCRA/CERCLA Hotline number for recycling information. Recycling Used Oil: What Can You Do?, June 1989. EPA530-SW-89-039B. (Brochure) Describes how used automobile oil can affect fresh water and pollute natural resources. Mentions statistics about recycling oil. Provides step-by-step instructions for recycling used oil as well as an EPA hotline number for information about setting up local programs. CONFERENCE MANAGEMENT It's Easy Being Green! A Guide To Planning And Conducting Environmentally Aware Meetings and Events, September, 1996. EPA530-K-96-002. (9 pages) Provides meeting and event planners with suggestions for how to reduce the amount of municipal solid waste generated by their meeting or event. Outlines the key steps in planning and conducting an environmentally aware event, profiles a variety of meetings and events, and provides a checklist that can be used as a planning tool. Don't Let Your Next Conference Go To Waste: Go for the "GREEN", December 1994. EPA904-R-94-008. (11 pages) Describes how to reduce waste at conferences. Includes tips on how to select the hotel or conference center, manage the use of printed material, assure that recycling is conducted properly, and manage cafeteria wastes. Also includes a checklist to assist in planning a "green" conference. EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS School Recycling Programs: A Handbook for Educators, August 1990. EPA530-SW-90-023. (24 pages) Describes a number of school recycling program options, along with step-by-step instructions on how to set up a recycling program. Includes facts about recyclable items such as metal cans, glass, paper, plastic, and compost. Highlights successful school recycling programs. Focuses on implementing actual recycling projects as a way of teaching the importance and benefits of recycling. Let's Reduce and Recycle: Curriculum for Solid Waste Awareness, August 1990. EPA530-SW-90-005. (144 pages) Outlines educational activities for grades K through 6 and 7 through 12 that will encourage students to think about options for reducing the amount of waste they generate and how they can help by recycling and learning about other waste management alternatives. The lesson plans deal with what waste is, where waste goes, how waste affects our resources, how we can produce less waste, and what we can do about waste. The lessons focus on garbage and recycling, while covering such areas as social and economic issues, natural resources and natural cycles, and a variety of pollution problems. Adventures of the Garbage Gremlin: Recycle and Combat a Life of Grime, August 1990. EPA530-SW-90-024. (Comic Book, 16 pages) Contains information about recycling for elementary and middle school students. This appealing comic book features the Garbage Gremlin, a character who is constantly outwitted by students who practice recycling. Changing Waste in Changing Times: Solid Waste and Natural Resource Issues in Rural Alaska--A Teacher's Guide, 1994. Northwest Renewable Resources Center, Seattle, Washington. To order, call 206 623-7361. (99 pages) Presents activities that inform teachers and students of solid waste management problems that confront Alaska native villages. Includes units entitled Our Places and Traditions; Our Ecosystem-Earth; Waste; Reduce, Reuse, Recycle; Disposal; and Back to the Future. Provides lesson objectives, teacher background, student activities, discussion ideas, and additional resources. Contains a glossary of terms used in the curriculum and a resource list for finding supplemental materials. Environmental Protection-Native American Lands: A Cultural Approach to Integrated Environmental Studies, 1995. The Center for Indian Community Development, Humboldt State University. To order, call 707 826-3711. (290 pages) Contains 52 lessons for grades 1 through 12. Adapted activities from 12 integrated waste management instructional materials collected nationwide. Reflects the culture of the Hupa, Karuk, and Yurok people, but can serve as guidance for the development of materials for other Native American groups. Covers lessons on personal responsibility, solid waste, hazardous substances, water pollution, air pollution, recycling, and composting. Discusses issues in the context of Indian culture, traditions, and sovereignty. Includes lesson objectives, background, procedures, and discussion questions. Pollution Prevention and Cultural Preservation in Native American Communities: An Educational Tool Kit for Tribal Colleges, March 1996. Montana State University Extension Service. To order, call 406 994-3451. (Tool Kit) Contains eight lessons that cover various aspects of pollution prevention, including an overview of pollution prevention. Covers pollution prevention issues such as solid waste, hazardous waste, air pollution, water quality, energy conservation, agriculture, and business. Includes a guide for student projects, evaluation materials, and a bibliography and glossary. Offers a handbook for students. Explains why pollution prevention is important and how it can help protect tribal lands and enhance pride in Native American culture. Ride the Wave of the Future: Recycle Today!, April 1990. EPA530-SW-90-010. (Poster) Illustrates surfer riding wave of glass, paper, and can recyclables on a colorful poster. Part of EPA's educational "Stamp out the Garbage Gremlin" series. Folds for easy mailing. A Resource Guide of Solid Waste Educational Materials, December 1997. EPA530-B-97-004. (41 pages) Lists nearly 50 solid waste-related educational materials developed by industry associations, educational institutes, state governments, environmental groups, and other organizations for kindergarten through 12th grade students. Includes curricula, activity guides, videos, and Internet sites that contain information on a variety of solid waste topics such as source reduction, recycling, reuse, household hazardous waste, and composting. Contains a glossary and helpful indices that arrange the materials by keyword and by medium. NEWSLETTERS Native American Network (Published Periodically). To order, call the EPA RCRA, Superfund, and EPCRA Hotline at 800 424- 9346. Highlights experiences and ideas about solid waste issues among tribes, and provides information to assist in the formation of working relationships among tribal governments, EPA, other federal agencies, and state and local governments. Reusable News. To order, call the EPA RCRA, Superfund, and EPCRA Hotline at 800 424-9346. Reports, on a quarterly basis, on EPA's and others' efforts to safely and effectively manage municipal solid waste. Describes current and innovative efforts in the public and private sectors. Keeps readers up-to-date on solid waste rulemaking and new EPA publications. GRANT RESOURCES Grant Resources for Solid Waste Activities in Indian Country, December 1996. EPA530-R-96-051. (67 pages) Lists federal and private sources of grants for solid waste management activities. Helps tribes, Alaska native villages, and community and nonprofit organizations identify financial assistance opportunities for their solid waste management programs. Describes funding information, application requirements, previous awards, deadlines, and contact information. Contains general information on developing effective grant proposals. Preparing Successful Grant Proposals, December 1997. EPA530-F-97-020. (4 pages) Describes procedures that tribes and Alaska native villages can follow when applying for solid waste management grants. Offers tips on proposal preparation and proposal writing. Provides resources for identifying grantors, a checklist for grant proposal writing, and a case study describing the Sitka Tribe of Alaska's successful JTR grant proposal. Solid Waste Funding: A Guide to Federal Assistance, January 1998. EPA530-F-97-027. (12 pages) Describes a variety of funding sources for solid waste research and management programs available to governments, the public, and small business. Profiles the goals, funding amounts, eligibility, deadlines, and contact information for each grant, cooperative agreement, and loan program. Lists the waste management contacts in each of EPA's 10 regions. A Guide to Federal Grant Resources for Community Organizations, Tribal Organizations, and Tribal Governments, May 1996. Available from EPA Region 8 Environmental Justice Program and Tribal Assistance Program. To order, call 303 312-6385. (178 pages) Describes 44 federal sources of environmental grant funding, taken from the 1995 Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance. Includes grants available from federal agencies such as the EPA, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Indian Health Service, and others. Includes information on objectives, eligibility requirements, the application and award process, assistance considerations, financial information, information contacts, examples of funded projects, and criteria for selecting proposals. Provides assistance on writing grant proposals and outlines suggestions, strengths, and weaknesses for preparing an environmental justice grant application. Includes instructions for completion of government forms and guidelines for preparing a grant budget. Financing Guide for Recycling Businesses: Investment Forums, Meetings and Networks, September 1996. EPA530-R-96-012. (78 pages) Developed as a resource for recycling entrepreneurs and economic developers who work to foster the recycling industry. Presents new strategies that have been developed to make capital markets work more efficiently for small companies in general and recycling companies specifically. Lists associations of small business centers, financial associations, incubators, and other service providers that can provide business planning and financing assistance in a company's region. Funding Sources for Solid Waste Projects in EPA Region 9, January 1996. Available from EPA Region 9. To order, call 415 744-2098. (39 pages) Describes funding resources available for solid waste projects within the Region 9 geographic area that includes Arizona, California, Nevada, Hawaii, and the Pacific Islands. Organizations in other parts of the country may also find this resource guide useful. Organizes funding sources into five categories: education, pollution prevention, recycling, solid waste management planning, and general environmental programs. Includes information on previous awards, eligibility, the application process, and contacts. OTHER REFERENCES Law reviews can provide a source of legal information on environmental issues. Law reviews are publications developed by law schools that contain articles by law professors, judges, and attorneys and case summaries by law review member-students. Law review articles and case summaries may be researched and obtained from law libraries and online legal services. In addition, the National Indian Law Library, maintained by the Native American Rights Fund, collects Indian law-related documents (Address: 1522 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80302, Phone: 303 447-8760, Fax: 303 443-7776). Indian Country Guide to Environmental Justice: A Bibliography for Native American Studies, Native Ecology Initiative. To order, call 617 232-5742. (27 pages) Includes references for books, articles, reports, conference proceedings, law review articles, and federal materials on environmental justice. Contains references to publications on the environmental justice movement in general and on issues specifically related to Native Americans. Subjects include toxics, solid waste, hazardous waste, energy, land issues, and others. EPA PUBLICATIONS ORDER FORM GENERAL Third National Tribal Conference on Environmental Management, November 1996. EPA530-R-96-052. (30 pages) Decision-Makers' Guide To Solid Waste Management, Volume II, August 1995. EPA530-R-95- 023. (371 pages) RCRA Orientation Manual, May 1998. EPA530-R-98- 004. (300 pages) Full Cost Accounting for Municipal Solid Waste: A Handbook, November 1995. EPA530-R-95-041. (107 pages) Partnerships in Solid Waste Management, December 1997. EPA530-F-97-019. (4 pages) Joining Forces on Solid Waste Management, Regionalization Is Working in Rural and Small Communities, October 1994. EPA530-K-93-001. (40 pages) Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the United States: 1997, May 1998. EPA530-R-98-008. (182 pages) MSW Factbook (Version 4). EPA530-C-97-001. Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Composting Options: Lessons from 30 Communities, 1992. EPA530-R-92-015. (180 pages) Catalog of Hazardous and Solid Waste Publications, Tenth Edition, September 1997. EPA530-B-97-003. (400 pages) Environmental Planning for Small Communities: A Guide for Local Decision-Makers, September 1994. EPA625-R-94-009. (154 pages) Publications on Mining Waste Management in Indian Country, December 1996. EPA530-B-96-009. (6 pages) SOURCE REDUCTION The Consumer's Handbook for Reducing Solid Waste, August 1992. EPA530-K-92-003. (36 pages) Business Guide for Reducing Solid Waste, November 1993. EPA530-K-92-004. (76 pages) Spotlight on Waste Prevention, EPA's Program to Reduce Solid Waste at the Source, August 1995. EPA530-K-95-002. (17 pages) Pay-As-You-Throw, Lessons Learned About Unit Pricing, April 1994. EPA530-R-94-004. (85 pages) Unit Pricing: Providing an Incentive to Reduce Municipal Solid Waste, February 1991. EPA530-SW-91- 005. (12 pages) Source Reduction Program Potential Manual: A Planning Tool, September 1997. EPA530-R-97-002. (27 pages) Climate Change and Waste, November 1997. EPA230-K-97-001. (4 pages) RECYCLING Recycling Guide for Native American Nations, June 1995. EPA530-K-95-006. (17 pages) Jobs Through Recycling Program (Brochure), December 1997. EPA530-F-98-001. (4 pages) Environmental Fact Sheet: Yard Waste Composting, May 1991. EPA530-SW-91-009. (4 pages) How to Start or Expand a Recycling Collection Program, January 1994. EPA530-F-94-007. (4 pages) Manufacturing from Recyclables: 24 Case Studies of Successful Enterprises, February 1995. EPA530-R-95- 001. (115 pages) Recycle: You Can Make a Ton of Difference, April 1992. EPA530-F-92-003. (Brochure) Recycle: You Can Make a Ton of Difference, April 1992. EPA530-H-92-001. (Poster) Measuring Recycling: A Guide for State and Local Governments, September 1997. EPA530-R-97-011. (150 pages) Organic Materials Management Strategies, March 1998. EPA530-R-97-003. (53 pages) LANDFILLING Site-Specific Flexibility Requests for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills in Indian Country, August 1997. EPA530-R-97-016. (28 pages) It's 1997...Do You Know About Upcoming Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Deadlines?, May 1997. EPA530-R-97-019. (2 pages) Criteria for Solid Waste Disposal Facilities: A Guide for Owners/ Operators, March 1993. EPA530-SW-91- 089. (20 pages) Safer Disposal For Solid Waste: The Federal Regulations for Landfills, March 1993. EPA530-SW-91- 092. (15 pages) Solid Waste Disposal Facility Criteria; Final Rule; October 9, 1991. OSWFR91004. (141 pages) Sites for Our Solid Waste: A Guidebook for Effective Public Involvement, March 1990. EPA530- SW-90-019. (110 pages) HOUSEHOLD HAZARDOUS WASTE Household Hazardous Waste: Steps to Safe Management, April 1993. EPA530-F-92-026. (6 pages) Household Hazardous Waste Management: A Manual for One-Day Community Collection Programs, August 1993. EPA530-R-92-026. (74 pages) Universal Waste Rule, February 1996. EPA530-F-95- 005. (Brochure) HAZARDOUS WASTE Understanding the Hazardous Waste Rules: A Handbook for Small Businesses-1996 Update, June 1996. EPA530-K-95-001. (27 pages) Identifying Your Waste: The Starting Point, September 1997. EPA530-F-97-029. (Brochure) RCRA: Reducing Risk From Waste, September 1997. EPA530-K-97-004. (44 pages) USED OIL Collecting Used Oil for Recycling/ Reuse: Tips for Consumers Who Change Their Own Motor Oil and Oil Filters, March 1994. EPA530-F-94-008. (6 pages) How to Set Up a Local Program to Recycle Used Oil, May 1989. EPA530-SW-89-039A. (41 pages) Managing Used Oil: Advice for Small Businesses, November 1996. EPA530-F-96-004. (4 pages) Recycling Used Oil: For Service Stations and Other Vehicle-Service Facilities, June 1989. EPA530-SW-89- 039D. (Brochure) Recycling Used Oil: What Can You Do?, June 1989, EPA530-SW-89-039B. (Brochure) CONFERENCE MANAGEMENT It's Easy Being Green! A Guide To Planning And Conducting Environmentally Aware Meetings and Events, September, 1996. EPA530-K-96-002. (9 pages) Don't Let Your Next Conference Go To Waste: Go for the "GREEN", December 1994. EPA904-R-94- 008. (11 pages) EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS School Recycling Programs: A Handbook for Educators, August 1990. EPA530-SW-90-023. (24 pages) Let's Reduce and Recycle: Curriculum for Solid Waste Awareness, August 1990. EPA530-SW-90-005. (144 pages) Adventures of the Garbage Gremlin: Recycle and Combat a Life of Grime August 1990. EPA530-SW-90- 024. (Comic Book, 16 pages) Ride the Wave of the Future: Recycle Today!, April 1990. EPA530-SW-90-010. (Poster) A Resource Guide of Solid Waste Educational Materials, December 1997. EPA530-B-97-004. (41 pages) NEWSLETTERS Native American Network Reusable News GRANT RESOURCES Grant Resources for Solid Waste Activities in Indian Country, December 1996. EPA530-R-96-051. (67 pages) Preparing Successful Grant Proposals, December 1997. EPA530-F-97-020. (4 pages) Solid Waste Funding: A Guide to Federal Assistance, January 1998. EPA530-F-97-027. (12 pages) Financing Guide for Recycling Businesses: Investment Forums, Meetings and Networks, September 1996. EPA530-R-96-012. (78 pages)