OUTLINE FOR THE SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTUAL PARADIGM

Executive Summary: Identification of the Goals - (This should synthesize Sections 1-7 below.)

ES.1 What is a conceptual model? What are the intended uses?

ES.2 Protect public health and the Environment

ES.3 Define tools which can be used to assess controls needed to attain new NAAQS and Implement RH regulations

ES.4 Offer recommendations on and define uncertainties of these tools to allow progress in environmental quality even with identified gaps and uncertainties

1. Explain the current environmental state (for each pollutant) - (Broad-brush discussions)

1.A Provide historical perspective on regulatory science

1.B Produce maps/ charts/very brief text descriptions of existing ambient data base measurements (most in bibliography or appendices

1.C Available (and missing) emission data:sources, spatial and temporal components

1.D Climatology/Meteorology

2. How is that state created, sustained and maintained? (for each pollutant) - (Broad-brush discussions)

2.A Primary and secondary emissions processes

2.B Atmospheric chemistry (particle transformation/composition)

2.C Meteorology

2.D Transport (e.g., precusor versus pollutant, boundary layers versus aloft layers, near field effects versus distant effects, especially a treatment of regional haze, secondary aerosol, light scattering particles)

2.E Deposition and removal

2.F commonalities/disconnects (and how can these be treated)

2.G Linearity/nonlinearity (and how can these be treated)

2.H Identify integrable elements

3. Current tools to address/implement current state of knowledge - (This section should be more analytical.)

3.A Monitoring technologies and surrogates and network design

3.B Models (ability to capture, reproduce, replicate air quality episodes, and speciate ambient measurements)

3.C Emission estimates and inventories (sources and/or categories, spatial and temporal components, precision, accuracy, uncertainties, controls

3.D Integrated/cross-cutting analyses (PM/O3/Haze and "Inside" vs. "Outside" Nonattainment "Boxes")

4. What needs to be done based on issues, needs and identified gaps? (This section should be more analytical.)

4.A Define and improve information databases

4.B Chemical analysis of PM and VOC material on sample media

4.C Development of ammonia emission inventory

4.D Identify and develop modeling systems appropriate for an integrated approach to O3/PM/RH

5. Identify critical components of Section 2, where policy can have an effect. (These statements should be very short, focused, and in priority order.)

5.A Tradeoff in Midwest/East Coast PM aerosol when significant amounts of SO2 are removed - Does more nitrate result without NOx reductions?

5B. Do we need to do "rough-cut" modeling of nitrate precursors in Western U.S. cities to determine if each of the separate metropolitan areas are NOx or ammonia limited?

5.C How does the resulting nitrate contribute to regional haze in near-field Class I Areas?

5.D Methods to assess transport

6. How do we proceed with the identified gaps? (These statements should be very short, focused, and in priority order.)

7. How do we adapt to new knowledge (fill the gaps)? (These statements should be very short, focused, and in priority order.)

7.A Incorporate knowledge from existing PM NAAQS control plans, Visibility SIPs, NARSTO, OTAG, OTC, SAMI, SOS, GCVTC, and other stusies from the California, Texas , and Chicago areas.

7.B How do we avoid disincentives for the collection of useful regulatory science data?

7.C How do we focus emission work (inventories, factors, etc,) on the key questions, not letting form (AP-42 approach) subsume function?

APPENDIX

1. Bibliography

1.A Place materials in Sections 1 and 2 only if documented here. Are these materials to be exclusively peer - and/or EPA - reviewed?