Note: This information is provided for reference purposes only. Although the information provided here was accurate and current when first created, it is now outdated.

OP TOLERANCE REASSESSMENT USE/USAGE MATRIX - PEST SUMMARY

Site:  Apple
Region:  New England (Including:  CT, MA, ME, RI, NH, NJ, NY, VT)

Pest2, 3, 4, 5, 8	Organophosphate1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8	Efficacy4, 5	Mkt1		Class	Alt. Pesticide List1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8	Efficacy4, 5	Mkt1	Constraints of Alternatives2, 3, 8
Timing: Pre-Bloom
Tarnished Plant Bug (Major)	azinphos-methyl	*	High		Ca	carbaryl	*	---	Permethrin would harm aphid and mite predators and cause explosion in mite populations. Continued use of permethrin would lead to resistance bug populations. Endosulfan could have efficacy problems.
	chlorpyrifos	*	Lo		Ca	methomyl	*	---
	dimethoate	** -***	Lo		Ca	oxamyl	*	---
	malathion	*	---		P	esfenvalerate	***	Mod
	methyl parathion	*	---		P	permethrin	***	High
	phosmet	*	Lo		CH	endosulfan	**	Lo
Aphid ( Rosy Apple) (Major)	azinphos-methyl	*	Mod		Ca	carbaryl	*	---	Alternatives as good or better than chlorpyrifos for Rosy Apple Aphid but not other species. Permethrin would harm aphid and mite predators and cause explosion in mite populations. Continued permethrin use would lead to pest resistance.
	chlorpyrifos	** - ***	High		Ca	methomyl	* - **	Lo
	diazinon	* - **	---		Ca	oxamyl	**	Lo
	dimethoate	**	Lo		P	esfenvalerate	** - ***	Mod
	malathion	* - **	---		P	permethrin	** - ***	Lo
	methyl parathion	*	---		CH	endosulfan	** -***	High
	phosmet	*	Lo		O	imidicloprid	* - ***	---
Leafroller (Oblique-banded and Red-banded) (Moderate)	azinphos-methyl	* - ***	Mod		Ca	carbaryl	*	---	Permethrin would harm aphid and mite predators and cause explosion in mite populations. Continued use would lead to resistant populations.
	chlorpyrifos	***	Mod		Ca	methomyl	***	High
	malathion	* - **	Lo		P	esfenvalerate	** - ***	Mod
	methyl parathion	***	---		P	permethrin	** - ***	Mod
	phosmet	* -***	Mod		CH	endosulfan	**	Lo
					B	Bacillus thuringiensis	***	---
Scale (San Jose) (Minor)	azinphos-methyl	---	Lo		CH	endosulfan	---	Lo	Crop oil is only moderately effective against San Jose Scale.
	chlorpyrifos	---	High		O	petroleum oil	---	High
	phosmet		High

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:

Apple production in the New England Region (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont) accounts for 17.9% of total acreage and 12.7 % of production for the US. OP usage represents 37.1% of all pesticide usage during the Pre-Bloom period in the New England Region.

SOURCES:
1. Proprietary EPA market share information.
2. U.S. Apple QUA+ - New England. 1997.
3. New England Fruit Consultants.
4. Pest Management Recommendations for Commercial Tree Fruit Productio. 1997. Cornell University.
5. 1996-1997 New England Apple Pest Management Guide. Cooperative Extension (Univ. of Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine, Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Vermont)
6. The All-Crop, Quick Reference Insect Control Guide (1997), Meister Publishing Company.
7. Label Use Information System (LUIS) Version 5.0, EPA.
8. Communications with New England Extension Personnel and Apple Producers.

Pest Importance:  Major = 20+% of all OP usage on pest; Moderate = 5-20% of all OP usage on pest; Minor = <5% of all OP usage on pest
Efficacy Rating:  Excellent = *** Good = ** Fair = *   --- = Not rated for efficacy in state recs.
Market Share:  High = 20+% OP of all usage on pest; Med = 5-20% of all usage on pest; Lo = <5% of all OP usage on pest
Insecticides:  C = Carbamates; P = Pyrethroids; CH = Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; IGR = Insect Growth Regulators; B = Biological; O = Other pesticides

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www.epa.gov/oppfead1/trac/neaplpre.htm
updated July 24,1998