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Summary of State Use of PPIS Funds: Region 4
Alabama
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
Mississippi
North Carolina
South Carolina
Tennessee
Region 4 awarded grants solely modeled after the centralized service delivery model. Most state agency grantees provided nonregulatory direct technical assistance, and supported regulatory integration to a lesser extent.
ALABAMA
Alabama has primarily implemented its PPIS program through centralized service delivery from the Department of Environmental Management (DEM), which received six of seven total grants. The nonregulatory program provided direct technical assistance to businesses and developed partnerships with other service providers in the state.
ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1991 |
$ 165,000 |
|
1993 |
$ 56,250 |
|
1994 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1995 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1996 |
$ 72,500 |
|
1997 |
$ 72,500 |
|
Total |
$ 526,250 |
Major Activities:
Data Collection and Analysis: general data collection and analysis
Education and Outreach: guidance documents, presentations/workshops
Infrastructure Development: strategy/policy development
Measurement: overall program evaluation
Pilot and Demonstration Projects: new technology development
Regulatory Integration: general regulatory integration, training of regulatory staff
Technical Assistance and Training: pollution prevention assessments, external training
In 1991, the Alabama DEM institutionalized an existing voluntary technical assistance program for area businesses. In 1993, the DEM expanded this program by establishing working relationships with the Tennessee Valley Authority, universities, industry, and other organizations outside the department. The DEM also increased awareness of pollution prevention among its staff. In 1994, the DEM refocused its project on multimedia pollution prevention, while continuing to develop and support pollution prevention programs in the Alabama Ombudsman's office, the Auburn University Engineering Cooperative Extension Service, the Waste Reduction and Technology Transfer (WRATT) Foundation, and others. In 1995, the DEM developed a department-wide pollution prevention strategy, expanded its multimedia pollution prevention capabilities, and continued evaluating and revising its program. The 1996 and 1997 grants continued these activities.
AUBURN UNIVERSITY
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1991 |
$ 20,000 |
Major Activities:
Data Collection and Analysis: Research
Education and Outreach: Conferences/meetings
This one-time grant supported the Wingspread Conference of the 1992 Public/Private
Sector Forum on Biologically Intensive Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Systems. The aim of the forum was to accelerate the development and implementation
of IPM and integrate the IPM efforts of multiple government agencies and
the private sector.
FLORIDA
The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) received all six PPIS grants in Florida and provided centralized service delivery for the state. From the outset of PPIS funding, the Florida DEP pursued full regulatory integration. Later it supplemented this activity with technical assistance through regulatory bodies, including local governments.
FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, FORMERLY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1991 |
$ 300,000 |
|
1993 |
$ 56,250 |
|
1994 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1995 |
$ 85,000 |
|
1996 |
$ 72,500 |
|
1997 |
$ 102,500 |
|
Total |
$ 696,250 |
Major Activities:
Data Collection and Analysis: clearinghouse/library, hotline, pollution prevention assessments
Education and Outreach: conferences/meetings, educational videos, fact sheets/brochures/publications, presentations/workshops
Infrastructure Development: advisory committee/workgroup, funding mechanism for pollution prevention activities, legislation, strategy/policy development
Measurement: quantitative program evaluation
Pilot and Demonstration Projects: general pilot and demonstration projects
Regulatory Integration: training of regulatory staff, multimedia permits, pollution prevention education during permitting process
Original funding in 1991 supported a demonstration project for the Dade County government to train its staff in pollution prevention and integrate pollution prevention into inspections. The 1993 grant supported the expansion of a similar pollution prevention program in the Florida DEP. The DEP hired technical staff to collect pollution prevention data during inspections of Florida businesses and offices and to quantify achieved results. The department added an outreach component and continued training its staff in multimedia pollution prevention. In 1994, the DEP added confidential, nonregulatory, free assistance to Florida organizations to reduce hazardous waste generation. The DEP decentralized its technical transfer to five district offices to integrate pollution prevention at all departmental levels and to work with local trade associations. The 1995 grant further supported this activity by conducting 'train the trainer' sessions for local government managers and inspectors. The 1996 grant continued existing technical assistance and departmental training activities, and sought to integrate pollution prevention into single-media as well as multimedia permits. The 1996 grant also expanded public education efforts. The 1997 grant helped continue direct and indirect technical assistance to businesses and other organizations. In 1997, the Florida Business Assistance Program began referring businesses in need of onsite assistance to the DEP. The grantee also formed partnerships with the following organizations:
- The DEP offered technical assistance to the Naval Air Station at Whiting
Field in return for pollution prevention workshops conducted by the
air station for industry.
- Southern Waste Information Exchange provided a clearinghouse for pollution
prevention information and offered commercial solid waste audits.
- John F. Kennedy Center developed pollution
prevention measurement methodologies.
GEORGIA
The Georgia Hazardous Waste Management Authority (GHWMA) and the Pollution Prevention Assistance Division of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (DNR) received six of the nine Georgia grants and provided indirect and direct technical assistance to businesses. DNR currently provides centralized service delivery for the state.
GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES (DNR), ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1990 |
$ 270,000 |
Major Activities:
Infrastructure Development: general infrastructure development
Technical Assistance and Training: general technical assistance and external training
Regulatory Integration: training of regulatory staff
The Georgia DNR used its 1990 grant for general infrastructure development, establishing a statewide source reduction program, setting goals, developing a prioritization system, providing training for inspectors and compliance officers, providing onsite technical assistance, and analyzing existing single-media programs for additional pollution prevention opportunities.
GEORGIA HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1991 |
$ 300,000 |
|
1993 |
$ 56,250 |
|
Total |
$ 356,250 |
Major Activities:
Education and Outreach: case studies, presentations/workshops
Infrastructure Development: general infrastructure development
Measurement: overall program evaluation
Pilot and Demonstration Projects: general pilot and demonstration projects
Technical Assistance and Training: clearinghouse/library, external training, pollution prevention assessments
The 1991 grant expanded upon the technical assistance capabilities of the program previously funded through the Georgia DNR's Environmental Protection Division. The GHWMA worked through the Georgia Technical Research Institute to provide matching grants for demonstration projects in industry. The agency integrated this effort with those of the Senior Assessment and Technical Assistance Program (SATAP), which provided technical assistance to businesses through retired professionals and student teams. The 1993 grant focused solely on delivering a series of workshops facilitated by Georgia businesses that have instilled a 'pollution prevention ethic' in their organizations.
GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES, POLLUTION PREVENTION ASSISTANCE DIVISION
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1994 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1995 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1996 |
$ 72,500 |
|
1997 |
$ 72,500 |
|
Total |
$ 305,000 |
Major Activities:
Awards and Recognition: governor's award program
Education and Outreach: case studies, conferences/meetings, curricula, fact sheets/brochures/publications, World Wide Web site
Measurement: overall program evaluation
Pilot and Demonstration Projects: general pilot and demonstration projects
Technical Assistance and Training: clearinghouse/library, external training, hotline, pollution prevention assessments
In 1994, the grantee targeted key industry sectors for pollution prevention assessments and the identification of new technologies. The division also evaluated its technical assistance efforts through a client survey. In 1995, the grantee introduced a recognition program for businesses that have successfully demonstrated the economic and environmental benefits of pollution prevention, and continued to provide workshops to targeted industries. The grantee investigated local government participation, assessing the feasibility of programs that encourage a pollution prevention ethic in local industries and governments. There is, however, no mention of substantial local government involvement in the years following this assessment. Instead, using the 1996 grant, the grantee switched to an industry-led education and outreach model, establishing an Atlanta community outreach pilot study and regional pollution prevention networks. The grantee also established a pollution prevention certification program. In 1997, the division continued to de-emphasize onsite technical assistance by government employees. Instead, the DNR focused on supporting an information center that provides indirect assistance to businesses, and developing outreach materials and curricula.
GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH CORPORATION
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1994 |
$ 9,999 |
Major Activities:
Data Collection and Analysis: surveys/studies
The Georgia Tech Research Corporation facilitated technology transfer for mid-sized firms by drafting case studies for technology transfer at eight firms. The grantee also developed assessments of the impacts of state programs on corporate pollution prevention decision-making.
SOUTHFACE ENERGY INSTITUTE
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1995 |
$ 80,000 |
Major Activities:
Education and Outreach: general education and outreach
Infrastructure Development: advisory committee/workgroup
Measurement: overall program evaluation
Technical Assistance and Training: general technical assistance and training
This one-time 1995 grant funded an effort to recruit 100 companies for the Partners for a Clean Environment Project by the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.
KENTUCKY
The Kentucky Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) and Kentucky Natural Resources & Environmental Protection Cabinet (KNREPC) received all six PPIS grants in Kentucky and provide centralized service delivery for the state. The two bodies provided direct technical assistance, although it is not clear whether the grantee delivered the assistance through regulatory channels or offered it on a voluntary basis.
KENTUCKY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND KENTUCKY NATURAL RESOURCES & ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CABINET
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1989 |
$ 300,000 |
|
1993 |
$ 56,250 |
|
1994 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1995 |
$ 85,000 |
|
1996 |
$ 72,500 |
|
1997 |
$ 72,500 |
|
Total |
$ 666,250 |
Major Activities:
Data Collection and Analysis: database design, general data collection and analysis
Education and Outreach: conferences/meetings, fact sheets/brochures/publications, guidance documents, newsletter, presentations/workshops, report, World Wide Web site
Infrastructure Development: strategy/policy
Measurement: customer satisfaction survey, quantitative program evaluation
Regulatory Integration: SEPs/enforcement actions, training of regulatory staff
Technical Assistance and Training: pollution prevention assessments, external training
The 1989 grant funded capacity building activities. At that time, the DEP was working with the University of Louisville and Kentucky Partners, a waste minimization, information dissemination, and technical assistance program that began at the Kentucky cabinet level with the assistance of the University of Louisville. In 1993, the grantee used funds to continue direct technical assistance (i.e., onsite visits), a newsletter, and seminars. The 1994 grant funded two separate activities: an evaluation of the existing pollution prevention program (outlined above) and regional cooperation with West Virginia and Ohio to define, remediate, and prevent regional pollution through onsite technical assistance to industry. In 1995, the DEP worked in conjunction with the state's new Pollution Prevention Center to deliver pollution prevention training and technical assistance to industry and state and local government, to develop voluntary pollution prevention plans for targeted industries, and to develop outreach materials and events. The 1996 grant continued these activities and enabled the grantee to collect pollution prevention data so that companies could establish priorities and assess progress. In 1996, KNREPC committed to further public/private sector coordination by participating in pollution prevention networks and identifying governmental and nongovernmental impediments to pollution prevention. The 1997 grant continued the previous years' activities, with the addition of a client survey.
MISSISSIPPI
The Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) received five of the six Mississippi grants and provided centralized service delivery in the state. DEQ primarily gave direct nonregulatory technical assistance to businesses.
MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1989 |
$ 300,000 |
Major Activities:
Education and Outreach: general education and outreach
Infrastructure Development: general infrastructure development
Measurement: general measurement
Pilot and Demonstration Projects: general pilot and demonstration project
Technical Assistance and Training: general technical assistance and training
The grant summary for this grantee is nonspecific. The grantee conducted a multifaceted pollution prevention project with regulatory agencies, industries, universities, and local governments.
MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1993 |
$ 56,250 |
|
1994 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1995 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1996 |
$ 72,500 |
|
1997 |
$ 72,500 |
|
Total |
$ 361,250 |
Major Activities:
Awards and Recognition: governor's award program
Data Collection and Analysis: surveys/studies
Education and Outreach: conferences/meetings, fact sheets/brochures/publications, guidance documents, newsletter, presentations/workshops, report
Infrastructure Development: strategy/policy development
Measurement: overall program evaluation
Pilot and Demonstration Projects: educational demonstration project
Technical Assistance and Training: grants/loans, pollution prevention assessments
The 1993 grant launched the following activities: training for regulatory staff, direct technical assistance and training for businesses; public outreach; a demonstration project incorporating schools, restaurants, community colleges, universities and municipalities; conferences; a newsletter; a questionnaire identifying perceived regulatory and nonregulatory barriers to pollution prevention; a challenge grant program; and a governor's awards program. The grantee attempted to implement virtually every major activity identified by all other PPIS grantees. In 1994, the grantee continued its 1993 activities. The 1995 grant funded previous activities and allowed the DEQ to coordinate with governments and nongovernmental organizations to institutionalize multimedia pollution prevention. The grantee also conducted an analysis of state toxics release inventory data to target specific industries. The 1996 and 1997 grants continued this program, making direct technical assistance a priority for the state of Mississippi. The technical assistance process was as follows: target industry sectors, hold meetings with businesses for needs assessments, identify pollution prevention opportunities, and follow up to provide additional assistance.
NORTH CAROLINA
The North Carolina Department of Environmental Health and Natural Resources (DEHNR) received seven of the eight North Carolina grants and provided centralized service delivery in the state. The DEHNR provided regulatory technical assistance and pursued full regulatory integration. In 1994, the grantee expanded efforts by developing partnerships with other organizations.
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 1989
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1989 |
$ 300,000 |
MAJOR ACTIVITY
Data Collection and Analysis: database design
A 1989 grant funded the development of a database to integrate existing waste reduction information. This project was meant to serve as a demonstration for other states.
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES (DEHNR)
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1993 |
$ 56,250 |
|
1994 |
$ 40,000 |
|
1994 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1995 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1995 |
$ 75,000 |
|
1996 |
$ 72,500 |
|
1997 |
$ 72,500 |
|
Total |
$ 403,750 |
Major Activities:
Data Collection and Analysis: general data collection and analysis, surveys/studies
Education and Outreach: case studies, conferences/meetings, educational videos, fact sheets/brochures/publications, guidance documents, presentations/workshops
Infrastructure Development: funding mechanism for pollution prevention activities, organizations
Measurement: overall program evaluation
Pilot and Demonstration Projects: general pilot and demonstration projects
Regulatory Integration: integration of pollution prevention into multimedia permits, integration of pollution prevention into air permits, pollution prevention in performance partnership agreements, training of regulatory staff
Technical Assistance and Training: clearinghouse/library, external training, pollution prevention assessments
The DEHNR's 1993 grant activities included developing and delivering waste reduction training and educational materials to small businesses; identifying areas for further research in conjunction with EPA and the University of North Carolina system; working with other state government divisions to integrate waste reduction in small business technical assistance, regulation, and enforcement; and evaluating the program itself. In 1994, the grantee refocused its efforts on indirect business assistance, and the development of outreach and educational materials for suppliers, trade associations, and regulatory inspectors. The grantee also used portions of the 1994 funding to target industries facing new regulatory requirements and to improve the accessibility of pollution prevention information. The department received a second grant in 1994 to develop an evaluation systems database. In 1995, the grantee continued its targeted outreach and technical assistance. In 1996, the grantee continued outreach and training to both businesses and regulatory staff. In 1997, the grantee also visited regional offices for field staff input and encouraged businesses to achieve or move beyond regulatory compliance through ISO 14000 accreditation. In 1997, the grantee attempted to integrate pollution prevention into the state's Performance Partnership Agreement.
SOUTH CAROLINA
The South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and its technical assistance support organization, the Center for Waste Minimization, received all six South Carolina PPIS grants and provided centralized service delivery in the state. The grantee originally provided voluntary regulatory technical assistance, but later established nonregulatory and third-party delivery channels, while at the same time, integrating pollution prevention into regulatory enforcement.
SOUTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL AND THE CENTER FOR WASTE MINIMIZATION
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1991 |
$ 300,000 |
|
1993 |
$ 56,250 |
|
1994 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1995 |
$ 50,000 |
|
1996 |
$ 72,500 |
|
1997 |
$ 72,500 |
|
Total |
$ 558,750 |
Major Activities:
Education and Outreach: newsletter
Infrastructure Development: strategy/policy development
Measurement: overall program evaluation
Regulatory Integration: hazardous waste inspections, pollution prevention in regulations (regulatory integration)
Technical Assistance and Training: clearinghouse/library, external training, pollution prevention assessments
The 1991 and 1993 grants funded an integrated government pollution prevention project in South Carolina, including such activities as information clearinghouse development, multimedia pollution prevention assessments, a newsletter, and the development of a strategy for promoting pollution prevention within state regulatory programs. In 1994, the grantee introduced 'early intervention' through its Center for Waste Minimization (CWM). The center helped first-time regulatory violators and some small businesses prepare waste minimization plans and offered other technical assistance. The 1995 grant continued this program, with the addition of partnerships with nonregulatory organizations to provide free business waste assessments. The center developed waste minimization reports for all recipients of technical assistance, allowing it to target companies and industries for future outreach. The focus of the program was nonregulatory pollution prevention assessment. In 1996, the grantee continued to work through the CWM and developed a program for one targeted industry. The CWM cooperated with the Institute of Public Affairs to educate the Small Business Development Center in pollution prevention, which in turn provided technical assistance to small manufacturers. The grantee also pursued regulatory integration. In 1997, the grantee continued to integrate pollution prevention with environmental regulation and formed a partnership between the CWM and the Southeast Manufacturing Technology Center to improve pollution prevention access and assistance to small manufacturers. The grantee also worked with the Institute of Public Affairs to promote the pollution prevention activities of the South Carolina Universities Research and Education Foundation.
TENNESSEE
The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) received five of the six Tennessee PPIS grants and provided centralized service delivery in the state. DEC primarily supported nonregulatory direct technical assistance to businesses.
TENNESSEE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1990 |
$ 300,000 |
Major Activities:
Education and Outreach: educational videos
Regulatory Integration: training of regulatory staff
Technical Assistance and Training: external training, pollution prevention assessments
In 1990, the grantee implemented a technical assistance and outreach program for industry and regulatory personnel. One notable aspect of the program was the training and employment of retired engineers for waste reduction assessments.
TENNESSEE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION (DEC)
|
EPA Funding |
|
|
1993 |
$ 56,250 |
|
1994 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1995 |
$ 80,000 |
|
1996 |
$ 72,500 |
|
1997 |
$ 72,500 |
|
Total |
$ 361,250 |
Major Activities:
Awards and Recognition: governor's award program
Data Collection and Analysis: general data collection and analysis
Education and Outreach: conferences/meetings, fact sheets/brochures/publications, guidance documents, newsletter, report
Infrastructure Development: general infrastructure development
Measurement: overall program evaluation
Regulatory Integration: permits - general, training of regulatory staff
Technical Assistance and Training: external training, hotline, pollution prevention assessments
The 1993 grant funded the following activities: voluntary technical assistance for business, information exchange, a newsletter, and a partnership with University of Tennessee Center for Industrial Services to sponsor the 1993 National Pollution Prevention Roundtable. In 1994, the grantee continued its focus on technical assistance and outreach to businesses. The department also prepared a report charting industrial progress to proposed year 2000 goals and developed a multimedia governor's award program. The department did not emphasize regulatory integration, although it attempted to identify and train a pollution prevention 'advocate,' from each regulatory division, in multimedia pollution prevention methods. In 1995, the grantee furthered the goal setting work of the 2000 Initiatives Committee, a group of technical representatives from the top releasers of toxic chemicals in the state, by approving specific pollution prevention goals, completing the progress report, sponsoring regional conferences, and assisting companies in setting reduction targets and accomplishing goals. The grantee also continued the general program efforts mentioned above. In 1996 and 1997, the grantee continued its 1995 activities. The DEC's Division of Pollution Prevention (DPP) also participated in the DEC's committee on permit simplification. Finally, the DPP sponsored the Environmental Awards program to recognize the voluntary efforts of schools and communities that improve environmental protection through awareness of pollution prevention.