ReefLink Database

Waterborne Discharges
Waterborne discharges include direct and indirect discharges of pollutants into the aquatic environment, including chemicals, nutrients, sediment, and pathogens. Discharges may be directly released into marine waters, or may be carried by surface water streams, groundwater, or coastal runoff.
CMap
CMap Description
Waterborne discharges originate from a number of sources, including agriculture, mining, sewage systems, factories, vehicles, and ships. Changes in the landscape, such as ditching, soil disturbance, and impervious surface can affect the rates and distribution of pollutant discharge into coastal waters. Inputs of toxic chemicals, sediment, or nutrients into the reef environment can affect the survival and growth of reef species, including fish, coral, and other invertebrates. Biological inputs of invasive species through ballast discharges or pathogens through waste discharges can impact native species. Many of the same socio-economic sectors that create pollution benefit indirectly from goods and services provided by the reef, which provides recreational opportunities and contributes to the cultural identity of the local community and drives coastal development. Point-source and non-point source regulations can set limitations on the quantity and frequency of discharges. Implementing new technology or updating waste treatment practices can reduce discharges. Agriculture practices, mining practices, and landuse management, such as zoning, can be used to reduce landscape changes and application of chemicals that contribute to runoff.Citations
Citation | Year | Study Location | Study Type | Database Topics |
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2011. Nonpoint Source Management Program 2010 Annual Report. Document # DEPLW-1205, Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, (Maine, USA). | 2011 | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Chemical Use Regulations; Domestic Animal Waste; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Forestry; Housing; Impervious Surfaces; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point Source Discharges; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
Afzal, J; Williams, M; Leng, MJ; Aldridge, RJ. 2011. Dynamic response of the shallow marine benthic ecosystem to regional and pan-Tethyan environmental change at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 309:141-160. | 2011 | India | Algae; Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Plankton | |
Annibaldi, A; Illuminati, S; Truzzi, C; Scarponi, G. 2011. SWASV speciation of Cd, Pb and Cu for the determination of seawater contamination in the area of the Nicole shipwreck (Ancona coast, Central Adriatic Sea). Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:2813-2821. | 2011 | Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges; Wetland & Reef Restoration | ||
Banerjee, P; Singh, VS. 2011. Optimization of pumping rate and recharge through numerical modeling with special reference to small coral island aquifer. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 36:1363-1372. | 2011 | India | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharges; Seawater Flow; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge |
Bao, Y; Zhan, L; Wang, CX; Wang, YL; Qiao, WM; Ling, LC. 2011. Carbon foams used as packing media in a biological aerated filter system. Materials Letters 65:3154-3156. | 2011 | Microorganisms; Nutrients; Sewage Treatment; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Bouma, JA; Kuik, O; Dekker, AG. 2011. Assessing the value of Earth Observation for managing coral reefs: An example from the Great Barrier Reef. Science of the Total Environment 409:4497-4503. | 2011 | Global; Australia; Europe | Climate; Monetary Valuation; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment | |
Chen, TR; Yu, KF; Li, S; Chen, TG; Shi, Q. 2011. Anomalous Ba/Ca signals associated with low temperature stresses in Porites corals from Daya Bay, northern South China Sea. Journal of Environmental Sciences China 23:1452-1459. | 2011 | China | Non-point Source Runoff; Plankton; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Corlett, H; Jones, B. 2011. Ecological controls on Devonian stromatoporoid-dominated and coral-dominated reef growth in the Mackenzie Basin, Northwest Territories, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 48:1543-1560. | 2011 | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment | ||
Denis, V; Debreuil, J; De Palmas, S; Richard, J; Guillaume, MMM; Bruggemann, JH. 2011. Lesion regeneration capacities in populations of the massive coral Porites lutea at Reunion Island: environmental correlates. Marine Ecology Progress Series 428:105-117. | 2011 | Reunion; India | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Light; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae |
Drupp, P; De Carlo, EH; Mackenzie, FT; Bienfang, P; Sabine, CL. 2011. Nutrient Inputs, Phytoplankton Response, and CO(2) Variations in a Semi-Enclosed Subtropical Embayment, Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Aquatic Geochemistry 17:473-498. | 2011 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii | CO2; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Elfman, L; Tooke, NE; Patring, JDM. 2011. Detection of pesticides used in rice cultivation in streams on the island of Leyte in the Philippines. Agricultural Water Management 101:81-87. | 2011 | Global; Southeast Asia; Philippines | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Collaboration & Partnering; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Mangroves; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges |
Futch, JC; Griffin, DW; Banks, K; Lipp, EK. 2011. Evaluation of sewage source and fate on southeast Florida coastal reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:2308-2316. | 2011 | Florida | Index or Indicator | Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Garilli, V. 2011. Mediterranean Quaternary interglacial molluscan assemblages: Palaeobiogeographical and palaeoceanographical responses to climate change. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 312:98-114. | 2011 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity | |
Golbuu, Y; van Woesik, R; Richmond, RH; Harrison, P; Fabricius, KE. 2011. River discharge reduces reef coral diversity in Palau. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:824-831. | 2011 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Palau; Micronesia | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Goodkin, NF; Switzer, AD; McCorry, D; DeVantier, L; True, JD; Hughen, KA; Angeline, N; Yang, TT. 2011. Coral communities of Hong Kong: long-lived corals in a marginal reef environment. Marine Ecology Progress Series 426:185-196. | 2011 | Australia; China | Index or Indicator | Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Haapkyla, J; Unsworth, RKF; Flavell, M; Bourne, DG; Schaffelke, B; Willis, BL. 2011. Seasonal Rainfall and Runoff Promote Coral Disease on an Inshore Reef. PLoS One 6. | 2011 | Australia | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Pathogens; Salinity; Sediment | |
Herbeck, LS; Unger, D; Krumme, U; Liu, SM; Jennerjahn, TC. 2011. Typhoon-induced precipitation impact on nutrient and suspended matter dynamics of a tropical estuary affected by human activities in Hainan, China. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 93:375-388. | 2011 | China | Agriculture; Aquaculture; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity; Seagrasses; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Hernandez-Terrones, L; Rebolledo-Vieyra, M; Merino-Ibarra, M; Soto, M; Le-Cossec, A; Monroy-Rios, E. 2011. Groundwater Pollution in a Karstic Region (NE Yucatan): Baseline Nutrient Content and Flux to Coastal Ecosystems. Water Air And Soil Pollution 218:517-528. | 2011 | South & Central America; Mexico | Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Discharges; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Salinity; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Isozaki, Y; Aljinovic, D; Kawahata, H. 2011. The Guadalupian (Permian) Kamura event in European Tethys. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 308:12-21. | 2011 | Global; Japan; China; Europe | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
James, NP; Jones, B; Nelson, CS; Campbell, HJ; Titjen, J. 2011. Cenozoic temperate and sub-tropical carbonate sedimentation on an oceanic volcano - Chatham Islands, New Zealand. Sedimentology 58:1007-1029. | 2011 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia | Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Jayaraju, N; Reddy, BCSR; Reddy, KR. 2011. Anthropogenic impact on Andaman coast monitoring with benthic foraminifera, Andaman Sea, India. Environmental Earth Sciences 62:821-829. | 2011 | India | Field Study & Monitoring | Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges |
Jones, RJ. 2011. Spatial patterns of chemical contamination (metals, PAHs, PCBs, PCDDs/PCDFS) in sediments of a non-industrialized but densely populated coral atoll/small island state (Bermuda). Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:1362-1376. | 2011 | South & Central America; Bermuda; Caribbean | Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Solid Waste Disposal; Toxics | |
Lapointe, BE; Bedford, BJ. 2011. Stormwater nutrient inputs favor growth of non-native macroalgae (Rhodophyta) on O'ahu, Hawaiian Islands. Harmful Algae 10:310-318. | 2011 | Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii | Algae; Discharges; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Lapointe, BE; Thacker, K; Hanson, C; Getten, L. 2011. Sewage pollution in Negril, Jamaica: effects on nutrition and ecology of coral reef macroalgae. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 29:775-789. | 2011 | Florida; Jamaica | Algae; Discharges; Fleshy Macroalgae; Hotel & Food Services; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge | |
Lindley, ST; Erickson, DL; Moser, ML; Williams, G; Langness, OP; McCovey, BW; Belchik, M; Vogel, D; Pinnix, W; Kelly, JT; Heublein, JC; Klimley, AP. 2011. Electronic Tagging of Green Sturgeon Reveals Population Structure and Movement among Estuaries. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 140:108-122. | 2011 | US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Columbia | Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Mallela, J; Hermann, J; Rapp, RP; Eggins, SM. 2011. Fine-scale phosphorus distribution in coral skeletons: combining X-ray mapping by electronprobe microanalysis and LA-ICP-MS. Coral Reefs 30:813-818. | 2011 | GIS & Maps | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients | |
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. | 2011 | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Aquaculture; Bivalves; Discharges; Fish; Irrigation; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pipelines; Salinity; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Transportation Policies; Waste Management; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands | |
Negri, AP; Harford, AJ; Parry, DL; van Dam, RA. 2011. Effects of alumina refinery wastewater and signature metal constituents at the upper thermal tolerance of: 2. The early life stages of the coral Acropora tenuis. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62:474-482. | 2011 | Field Study & Monitoring | Climate; Discharges; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge | |
Negri, AP; Hoogenboom, MO. 2011. Water Contamination Reduces the Tolerance of Coral Larvae to Thermal Stress. PLoS One 6. | 2011 | Global | Model | Climate; Mitigation; Stony Coral; Waterborne Discharges |
Nisola, GM; Redillas, MCFR; Cho, E; Han, M; Yoo, N; Chung, WJ. 2011. Comparison of reactive porous media for sulfur-oxidizing denitrification of high nitrate strength wastewater. Biochemical Engineering Journal 79-86. | 2011 | Model | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Discharges; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Wastewater Discharge | |
Okuku, EO; Ohowa, B; Mwangi, SN; Munga, D; Kiteresi, LI; Wanjeri, VO; Okumu, S; Kilonzo, J. 2011. Sewage pollution in the Coastal waters of Mombasa City, Kenya: A norm Rather than an Exception. International Journal Of Environmental Research 5:865-874. | 2011 | Kenya | Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Nutrients; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Waterborne Discharges | |
Poresky, A., Clary, J., Strecker, E., and Earles, A. 2011. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database. Technical Summary: Volume Reduction. Geosyntec Consultants. | 2011 | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Ramos, R; Bastidas, C; Debrot, D; Garcia, E. 2011. Phase I and II biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes in the coral Siderastrea siderea act as biomarkers for reproductive condition and habitat quality. Marine Biology Research 7:398-406. | 2011 | Marine Protected Areas; Stony Coral; Waterborne Discharges | ||
Reymond, CE; Uthicke, S; Pandolfi, JM. 2011. Inhibited growth in the photosymbiont-bearing foraminifer Marginopora vertebralis from the nearshore Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 435:97-U117. | 2011 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Climate; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Primary Production; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Rolfe, J; Windle, J. 2011. Assessing community values for reducing agricultural emissions to improve water quality and protect coral health in the Great Barrier Reef. Water Resources Research 47. | 2011 | Australia | Model | Agriculture; Monetary Valuation; Non-point Source Runoff |
Ruggeberg, A; Flogel, S; Dullo, WC; Hissmann, K; Freiwald, A. 2011. Water mass characteristics and sill dynamics in a subpolar cold-water coral reef setting at Stjernsund, northern Norway. Marine Geology 282:5-12. | 2011 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Norway | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment | |
Sutherland, K. P., S. Shaban, J. L. Joyner, J. W. Porter, and E. K. Lipp. 2011. Human Pathogen Shown to Cause Disease in the Threatened Eklhorn Coral Acropora palmata. PLoS One 6:1-7. | 2011 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Index or Indicator | Pathogens; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge |
Sutherland, KP; Shaban, S; Joyner, JL; Porter, JW; Lipp, EK. 2011. Human Pathogen Shown to Cause Disease in the Threatened Eklhorn Coral Acropora palmata. PLoS One 6. | 2011 | South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Pathogens; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge |
US EPA. 2011. Vessel General Permit Fact Sheet. | 2011 | Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Military; Tourism & Recreation | ||
Wenger, AS; Johansen, JL; Jones, GP. 2011. Suspended sediment impairs habitat choice and chemosensory discrimination in two coral reef fishes. Coral Reefs 30:879-887. | 2011 | Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Williamson, EA; Strychar, KB; Withers, K; Sterba-Boatwright, B. 2011. Effects of salinity and sedimentation on the Gorgonian Coral, Leptogorgia virgulata (Lamarck 1815). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 409:331-338. | 2011 | South & Central America; Mexico | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Octocoral; Salinity; Sediment; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation | |
Witt, V; Wild, C; Uthicke, S. 2011. Effect of substrate type on bacterial community composition in biofilms from the Great Barrier Reef. FEMS Microbiology Letters 323:188-195. | 2011 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Substrate |
2010. MS4 Permit Improvement Guide. 833-R-10-001, US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. | 2010 | Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Schools & Colleges; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Angel, B. M., L. T. Hales, S. L. Simpson, S. C. Apte, A. A. Chariton, D. A. Shearer, and D. F. Jolley. 2010. Spatial variability of cadmium, copper, manganese, nickel and zinc in the Port Curtis Estuary, Queensland, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 61:170-183. | 2010 | Australia | Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Azzurro, E., M. Matiddi, E. Fanelli, P. Guidetti, G. La Mesa, A. Scarpato, and V. Axiak. 2010. Sewage pollution impact on Mediterranean rocky-reef fish assemblages. Marine Environmental Research 69:390-397. | 2010 | Index or Indicator | Fish; Wastewater Discharge | |
Bartley, R., J. P. Corfield, B. N. Abbott, A. A. Hawdon, S. N. Wilkinson, and B. Nelson. 2010. Impacts of improved grazing land management on sediment yields, Part 1: Hills lope processes. Journal of Hydrology 389:237-248. | 2010 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Landuse Management; Littering; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Bartley, R., S. N. Wilkinson, A. A. Hawdon, B. N. Abbott, and D. A. Post. 2010. Impacts of improved grazing land management on sediment yields. Part 2: Catchment response. Journal of Hydrology 389:249-259. | 2010 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Bauman, A. G., J. A. Burt, D. A. Feary, E. Marquis, and P. Usseglio. 2010. Tropical harmful algal blooms: An emerging threat to coral reef communities? Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:2117-2122. | 2010 | Global; Indian Ocean; India; Oman | Ballast Discharge; Climate; Discharges; Fish; Nutrients; Stony Coral | |
Blanco, A. C., K. Nadaoka, T. Yamamoto, and K. Kinjo. 2010. Dynamic evolution of nutrient discharge under stormflow and baseflow conditions in a coastal agricultural watershed in Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan. Hydrological Processes 24:2601-2616. | 2010 | Japan | Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps | Agriculture; Algae; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrients; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Brodie, J., T. Schroeder, K. Rohde, J. Faithful, B. Masters, A. Dekker, V. Brando, and M. Maughan. 2010. Dispersal of suspended sediments and nutrients in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon during river-discharge events: conclusions from satellite remote sensing and concurrent flood-plume sampling. Marine and Freshwater Research 61:651-664. | 2010 | Australia | Remote Sensing | Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Burns, K. A., D. L. Brinkman, G. J. Brunskill, G. A. Logan, H. Volk, K. Wasmund, and I. Zagorskis. 2010. Fluxes and fate of petroleum hydrocarbons in the Timor Sea ecosystem with special reference to active natural hydrocarbon seepage. Marine Chemistry 118:140-155. | 2010 | Australia | Model | Microorganisms; Oil & Gas Industry; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Water Depth & Sea Level |
Chabanet, P., N. Guillemot, M. Kulbicki, L. Vigliola, and S. Sarramegna. 2010. Baseline study of the spatio-temporal patterns of reef fish assemblages prior to a major mining project in New Caledonia (South Pacific). Marine Pollution Bulletin 61:598-611. | 2010 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment |
Cheng, J. O., Y. M. Cheng, T. H. Chen, P. C. Hsieh, M. D. Fang, C. L. Lee, and F. C. Ko. 2010. A Preliminary Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Distribution in the Kenting Coral Reef Waters of Southern Taiwan. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 58:489-498. | 2010 | Taiwan | Non-point Source Runoff | |
Clary, J., Leisenring, M., and Jeray, J. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database. Pollutant Category Summary: Fecal Indicator Bacteria. Wright Water Engineers. | 2010 | Index or Indicator | Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. 2010. Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: 2009 System Status Report. | 2010 | Florida | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Chemical Use Regulations; Climate; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Infrastructure; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Salinity; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetlands |
Dailer, M. L., R. S. Knox, J. E. Smith, M. Napier, and C. M. Smith. 2010. Using delta N-15 values in algal tissue to map locations and potential sources of anthropogenic nutrient inputs on the island of Maui, Hawai'i, USA. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:655-671. | 2010 | GIS & Maps | Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrients; Wastewater Discharge | |
De'ath, G. and K. Fabricius. 2010. Water quality as a regional driver of coral biodiversity and macroalgae on the Great Barrier Reef. Ecological Applications 20:840-850. | 2010 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia | Model | Agriculture; Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Octocoral; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Garren, M. and F. Azam. 2010. New Method for Counting Bacteria Associated with Coral Mucus. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76:6128-6133. | 2010 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring | Microorganisms; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge; Zooxanthellae |
Godiva, D., H. Evangelista, M. Kampel, M. V. Licinio, and C. Munita. 2010. Combined use of aerogammaspectrometry and geochemistry to access sediment sources in a shallow coral site at Armacao dos Buzios, Brazil. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 87:526-534. | 2010 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Discharges; Nutrients; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Grove, C. A., R. Nagtegaal, J. Zinke, T. Scheufen, B. Koster, S. Kasper, M. T. McCulloch, G. van den Bergh, and G. J. A. Brummer. 2010. River runoff reconstructions from novel spectral luminescence scanning of massive coral skeletons. Coral Reefs 29:579-591. | 2010 | Madagascar | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Hallegraeff, G. M. 2010. Ocean Climate Change, Phytoplankton Community Responses, And Harmful Algal Blooms: A Formidable Predictive Challenge. Journal of Phycology 46:220-235. | 2010 | Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Algae; Climate; CO2; Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Plankton; Primary Production; Small Herbivorous Fish; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Hardiman, N. and S. Burgin. 2010. Recreational impacts on the fauna of Australian coastal marine ecosystems. Journal of Environmental Management 91:2096-2108. | 2010 | Australia; Cuba | Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Boating Activities; Finfish Harvest; Infrastructure; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges |
Huang, K. F., C. F. You, Y. H. Liu, R. M. Wang, P. Y. Lin, and C. H. Chung. 2010. Low-memory, small sample size, accurate and high-precision determinations of lithium isotopic ratios in natural materials by MC-ICP-MS. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 25:1019-1024. | 2010 | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Lapointe, B. E. and B. J. Bedford. 2010. Ecology and nutrition of invasive Caulerpa brachypus f. parvifolia blooms on coral reefs off southeast Florida, USA. Harmful Algae 9:1-12. | 2010 | Florida; Bahamas | Algae; Discharges; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Lapointe, B. E., R. Langton, B. J. Bedford, A. C. Potts, O. Day, and C. M. Hu. 2010. Land-based nutrient enrichment of the Buccoo Reef Complex and fringing coral reefs of Tobago, West Indies. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:334-343. | 2010 | Tobago | Remote Sensing | Algae; Improved Technology; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge |
Leisenring, M., Clary, J., Stephenson, J., and Hobson, P. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database Pollutant Category Summary: Nutrients. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. | 2010 | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Maier, E. and J. Titschack. 2010. Spondylus gaederopus: A new Mediterranean climate archive - Based on high-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope analyses. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 291:228-238. | 2010 | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level | ||
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2010. Integrated Pest Management (IPM). CODE 595. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. | 2010 | Field Study & Monitoring | Chemical Use Regulations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff | |
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2010. Stormwater Runoff Controls. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. | 2010 | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Olsen, Y. S., S. E. Fox, E. L. Kinney, M. Teichberg, and I. Valiela. 2010. Differences in urbanization and degree of marine influence are reflected in delta C-13 and delta N-15 of producers and consumers in seagrass habitats of Puerto Rico. Marine Environmental Research 69:198-206. | 2010 | Puerto Rico | Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Osawa, Y., K. Fujita, Y. Umezawa, H. Kayanne, Y. Ide, T. Nagaoka, T. Miyajima, and H. Yamano. 2010. Human impacts on large benthic foraminifers near a densely populated area of Majuro Atoll, Marshall Islands. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:1279-1287. | 2010 | Marshall Islands | Algae; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Osmond, D. L. 2010. USDA water quality projects and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture Conservation Effects Assessment Project watershed studies. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 35:142A-146A. | 2010 | India | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Agriculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Housing; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges |
Paris, R., J. Fournier, E. Poizot, S. Etienne, J. Morin, F. Lavigne, and P. Wassmer. 2010. Boulder and fine sediment transport and deposition by the 2004 tsunami in Lhok Nga (western Banda Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia): A coupled offshore-onshore model. Marine Geology 268:43-54. | 2010 | Indonesia | Model; GIS & Maps | Discharges; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes |
Reopanichkul, P., R. W. Carter, S. Worachananant, and C. J. Crossland. 2010. Wastewater discharge degrades coastal waters and reef communities in southern Thailand. Marine Environmental Research 69:287-296. | 2010 | Study Location; Thailand | Field Study & Monitoring | Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge |
Richlen, M. L., S. L. Morton, E. A. Jamali, A. Rajan, and D. M. Anderson. 2010. The catastrophic 2008-2009 red tide in the Arabian gulf region, with observations on the identification and phylogeny of the fish-killing dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides. Harmful Algae 9:163-172. | 2010 | Global; South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Malaysia; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Mexico | Aquaculture; Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Fish; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation; Water | |
Sazzad, M. H., A. R. Wijaya, K. Tanaka, and S. Ohde. 2010. Environmental effects on the stable carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and skeletal density banding pattern of Porites coral from Khang Khao Island, Thailand. African Journal of Biotechnology 9:5373-5382. | 2010 | Thailand | Index or Indicator | Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Shaw, M., M. J. Furnas, K. Fabricius, D. Haynes, S. Carter, G. Eaglesham, and J. F. Mueller. 2010. Monitoring pesticides in the Great Barrier Reef. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:113-122. | 2010 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Agriculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Shenton, W., B. T. Hart, and J. Brodie. 2010. A Bayesian network model linking nutrient management actions in the Tully catchment (northern Queensland) with Great Barrier Reef condition. Marine and Freshwater Research 61:587-595. | 2010 | Australia | Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Agriculture; Algae; Decision Support; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Sherwood, O. A., B. E. Lapointe, M. J. Risk, and R. E. Jamieson. 2010. Nitrogen Isotopic Records of Terrestrial Pollution Encoded in Floridian and Bahamian Gorgonian Corals. Environmental Science and Technology 44:874-880. | 2010 | Florida; Bahamas | Algae; Discharges; Nutrients; Octocoral; Sea Turtles; Wastewater Discharge | |
Singh, S. P., A. Azua, A. Chaudhary, S. Khan, K. L. Willett, and P. R. Gardinali. 2010. Occurrence and distribution of steroids, hormones and selected pharmaceuticals in South Florida coastal environments. Ecotoxicology 19:338-350. | 2010 | Florida | Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands | |
Tanaka, K., S. Ohde, A. Sakaguchi, C. W. McLeod, and A. G. Cox. 2010. Pb/Ca in Thailand Coral Determined by LA-ICP-MS: Anthropogenic Pb Input of River Run-off into a Coral Reef from Urbanised Areas. Water Air And Soil Pollution 211:211-218. | 2010 | Thailand | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Thomas, Y., C. Courties, Y. El Helwe, A. Herbland, and H. Lemonnier. 2010. Spatial and temporal extension of eutrophication associated with shrimp farm wastewater discharges in the New Caledonia lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin 61:387-398. | 2010 | New Caledonia | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Agriculture; Discharges; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Nutrients; Plankton; Wastewater Discharge |
Todd, P. A., X. Y. Ong, and L. M. Chou. 2010. Impacts of pollution on marine life in Southeast Asia. Biodiversity and Conservation 19:1063-1082. | 2010 | Global; Southeast Asia; Philippines | Review | Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Waterborne Discharges |
Turner, A. 2010. Marine pollution from antifouling paint particles. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:159-171. | 2010 | Review | Invertebrates; Salinity; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges | |
Uthicke, S. and C. Altenrath. 2010. Water column nutrients control growth and C : N ratios of symbiont-bearing benthic foraminifera on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Limnology and Oceanography 55:1681-1696. | 2010 | Australia | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Special Use Permitting | |
Uthicke, S., A. Thompson, and B. Schaffelke. 2010. y Effectiveness of benthic foraminiferal and coral assemblages as water quality indicators on inshore reefs of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs 29:209-225. | 2010 | Global; South & Central America; Australia; Caribbean | Index or Indicator | Finfish Harvest; Light; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seastars; Sediment; Stony Coral |
Yender, R. A. and J. Michel, editors. 2010. Oil Spills in Coral Reefs: Planning & Respoinse Considerations, Second Edition. U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D.C. | 2010 | Review; Field Study & Monitoring | Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Petroleum Spills | |
Zapata, F. A., A. Rodriguez-Ramirez, C. Caro-Zambrano, and J. Garzon-Ferreira. 2010. Mid-term coral-algal dynamics and conservation status of a Gorgona Island (Tropical Eastern Pacific) coral reef. Revista de Biologia Tropical 58:81-94. | 2010 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring | Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment |
Bainbridge, Z. T., J. E. Brodie, J. W. Faithful, D. A. Sydes, and S. E. Lewis. 2009. Identifying the land-based sources of suspended sediments, nutrients and pesticides discharged to the Great Barrier Reef from the Tully-Murray Basin, Queensland, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 60:1081-1090. | 2009 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands |
Bochicchio, C., C. Fletcher, M. Dyer, and T. Smith. 2009. Reef-top sediment bodies: windward o'ahu, Hawai'i. Pacific Science 63:61-82. | 2009 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level |
Bonkosky, M., E. A. Hernandez-Delgado, B. Sandoz, I. E. Robledo, J. Norat-Ramirez, and H. Mattei. 2009. Detection of spatial fluctuations of non-point source fecal pollution in coral reef surrounding waters in southwestern Puerto Rico using PCR-based assays. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:45-54. | 2009 | Puerto Rico | Fishing Sector; Health Policies; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation | |
Brandano, M., V. Frezza, L. Tomassetti, and M. Cuffaro. 2009. Heterozoan carbonates in oligotrophic tropical waters: The Attard member of the lower coralline limestone formation (Upper Oligocene, Malta). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 274:54-63. | 2009 | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Primary Production; Sediment | ||
Carilli, J. E., N. G. Prouty, K. A. Hughen, and R. D. Norris. 2009. Century-scale records of land-based activities recorded in Mesoamerican coral cores. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:1835-1842. | 2009 | South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Caribbean; Mexico | Agriculture; Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral | |
Chen, B.-Y., C.-Y. Yen, and C.-C. Hsueh. 2009. Cost-effective biostimulation strategy for wastewater decolorization using immobilized-cell systems. Bioresource Technology 100:2975-2981. | 2009 | Taiwan | Nutrients; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge | |
Coles, R., L. McKenzie, G. De'ath, A. Roelofs, and W. L. Long. 2009. Spatial distribution of deepwater seagrass in the inter-reef lagoon of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. Marine Ecology Progress Series 392:57-68. | 2009 | Australia | Model; GIS & Maps | Algae; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Marine Protected Areas; Point Source Discharges; Seagrasses; Sediment; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Water Depth & Sea Level |
Downs, C. A., E. Kramarsky-Winter, C. M. Woodley, A. Downs, G. Winters, Y. Loya, and G. K. Ostrander. 2009. Cellular pathology and histopathology of hypo-salinity exposure on the coral Stylophora pistillata. Science of the Total Environment 407:4838-4851. | 2009 | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Storms & Hurricanes; Zooxanthellae | |
Draut, A. E., M. H. Bothner, M. E. Field, R. L. Reynolds, S. A. Cochran, J. B. Logan, C. D. Storlazzi, and C. J. Berg. 2009. Supply and dispersal of flood sediment from a steep, tropical watershed: Hanalei Bay, Kaua'i, Hawai'i, USA. Geological Society of America Bulletin 121:574-585. | 2009 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Drinia, H. 2009. Foraminiferal biofacies and paleoenvironmental implications of the Early Tortonian deposits of Gavdos Island (Eastern Mediterranean). Revue de Micropaleontologie 52:15-29. | 2009 | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Dung, L. D. 2009. Nha Trang Bay marine protected area, Vietnam: Initial trends in coral structure and some preliminary linkages between these trends and human activities (2002-2005). Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 12:249-257. | 2009 | Vietnam | Aquaculture; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation | |
Eklof, J. S., S. Frocklin, A. Lindvall, N. Stadlinger, A. Kimathi, J. N. Uku, and T. R. McClanahan. 2009. How effective are MPAs? Predation control and 'spill-in effects' in seagrass-coral reef lagoons under contrasting fishery management. Marine Ecology Progress Series 384:83-96. | 2009 | Kenya | Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Seastars | |
Gonzalez-Sanson, G., C. Aguilar, I. Hernandez, and Y. Cabrera. 2009. Effects of depth and bottom communities on the distribution of highly territorial reef fish in the northwestern region of Cuba. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 25:652-660. | 2009 | Cuba | Model | Finfish Harvest; Fish; Octocoral; Petroleum Spills; Small Herbivorous Fish; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation |
Hale, J. and E. F. Durkee. 2009. Smallest Philippine block has shallow gas, deep reef potential. Oil and Gas Journal 107:36-40. | 2009 | Philippines | Petroleum Spills | |
Kragt, M. E., P. C. Roebeling, and A. Ruijs. 2009. Effects of Great Barrier Reef degradation on recreational reef-trip demand: A contingent behaviour approach. Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 53:213-229. | 2009 | Australia | Model | Agriculture; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation |
Kroon, F. J. and J. Brodie. 2009. Catchment management and health of coastal ecosystems: synthesis and future research. Marine and Freshwater Research 60:1196-1200. | 2009 | Global; Australia | Model | Banks, Credit, & Securities; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients |
Kundzewicz, Z. W. and P. Doll. 2009. Will groundwater ease freshwater stress under climate change? Hydrological Sciences Journal-journal Des Sciences Hydrologiques 54:665-675. | 2009 | Global | Climate; Drinking Water Supply; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Larsen, M. C. and R. M. T. Webb. 2009. Potential effects of runoff, fluvial sediment, and nutrient discharges on the coral reefs of Puerto Rico. Journal of Coastal Research 25:189-208. | 2009 | Puerto Rico | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Lee, J. N. and C. A. R. Mohamed. 2009. Trace Metal Contents in the Porites Corals of Peninsular Malaysia. International Journal Of Environmental Research 3:85-94. | 2009 | Malaysia; Oman | Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral | |
Lewis, S. E., J. E. Brodie, Z. T. Bainbridge, K. W. Rohde, A. M. Davis, B. L. Masters, M. Maughan, M. J. Devlin, J. F. Mueller, and B. Schaffelke. 2009. Herbicides: A new threat to the Great Barrier Reef. Environmental Pollution 157:2470-2484. | 2009 | Australia | Agriculture; Climate; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Maher, B. A., S. J. Watkins, G. Brunskill, J. Alexander, and C. R. Fielding. 2009. Sediment provenance in a tropical fluvial and marine context by magnetic 'fingerprinting' of transportable sand fractions. Sedimentology 56:841-861. | 2009 | Australia | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
McClanahan, T. R., E. Weil, and J. Maina. 2009. Strong relationship between coral bleaching and growth anomalies in massive Porites. Global Change Biology 15:1804-1816. | 2009 | Kenya | Model | Algae; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Stony Coral |
Mitchell, A., J. Reghenzani, J. Faithful, M. Furnas, and J. Brodie. 2009. Relationships between land use and nutrient concentrations in streams draining a 'wet-tropics' catchment in northern Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 60:1097-1108. | 2009 | Australia | Model | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Negri, A. and P. Marshall. 2009. TBT contamination of remote marine environments: Ship groundings and ice-breakers as sources of organotins in the Great Barrier Reef and Antarctica. Journal of Environmental Management 90. | 2009 | Australia | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing | |
Nelson, M., W. F. Dempster, and J. P. Allen. 2009. The water cycle in closed ecological systems: Perspectives from the Biosphere 2 and Laboratory Biosphere systems. Advances in Space Research 44:1404-1412. | 2009 | Global | Lab Study | Agriculture; Drinking Water Supply; Irrigation; Mangroves; Nutrients; Salinity; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands |
Nelson, W. A. 2009. Calcified macroalgae - critical to coastal ecosystems and vulnerable to change: a review. Marine and Freshwater Research 60:787-801. | 2009 | Global | Review | Agriculture; Algae; Aquaculture; CO2; Coastal Development; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Sediment |
Packett, R., C. Dougall, K. Rohde, and R. Noble. 2009. Agricultural lands are hot-spots for annual runoff polluting the southern Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:976-986. | 2009 | Australia | Agriculture; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Pellegrini, J. A. C., M. L. G. Soares, F. O. Chaves, G. C. D. Estrada, and V. F. Cavalcanti. 2009. A Method for the Classification of Mangrove Forests and Sensitivity/Vulnerability Analysis. Journal of Coastal Research 443-447. | 2009 | GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Industry; Petroleum Spills | |
Pollack, K., K. Balazs, and O. Ogunseitan. 2009. Proteomic assessment of caffeine effects on coral symbionts. Environmental Science and Technology 43:2085-2091. | 2009 | Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Discharges; Sea Temperatures; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Radermacher, P., B. R. Schone, E. Gischler, W. Oschmann, J. Thebault, and J. Fiebig. 2009. Sclerochronology - a highly versatile tool for mariculture and reconstruction of life history traits of the queen conch, Strombus gigas (Gastropoda). Aquatic Living Resources 22:307-318. | 2009 | South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Belize | Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Aquaculture; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Non-point Source Runoff; Snails & Conch; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Ramos, R., R. Cipriani, H. M. Guzman, and E. Garcia. 2009. Chronology of mercury enrichment factors in reef corals from western Venezuela. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:222-229. | 2009 | Venezuela | Deforestation & Devegetation; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Toxics | |
Reopanichkul, P., T. A. Schlacher, R. W. Carter, and S. Worachananant. 2009. Sewage impacts coral reefs at multiple levels of ecological organization. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:1356-1362. | 2009 | Global; Thailand | Algae; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Sea Temperatures; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge | |
Riegl, B., A. Bruckner, S. L. Coles, P. Renaud, and R. E. Dodge. 2009. Coral Reefs Threats and Conservation in an Era of Global Change. Pages 136-186 Year In Ecology And Conservation Biology 2009. | 2009 | Global; Florida | Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Pathogens; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation | |
Riegl, B., A. Bruckner, S. L. Coles, P. Renaud, and R. E. Dodge. 2009. Coral reefs: threats and conservation in an era of global change. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1162:136-186. | 2009 | Global; Florida | Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Pathogens; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation | |
Riegl, B., S. J. Purkis, J. Keck, and G. P. Rowlands. 2009. Monitored and modeled coral population dynamics and the refuge concept. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:24-38. | 2009 | Global; South & Central America; Honduras; Caribbean | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes |
Risk, M. J., O. A. Sherwood, R. Nairn, and C. Gibbons. 2009. Tracking the record of sewage discharge off Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, since 1950, using stable isotope records from antipatharians. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:219-226. | 2009 | Saudi Arabia | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Algae; Discharges; Nutrients; Wastewater Discharge |
Rockstrom, J., W. Steffen, K. Noone, A. Persson, F. S. Chapin, E. Lambin, T. M. Lenton, M. Scheffer, C. Folke, H. J. Schellnhuber, B. Nykvist, C. A. de Wit, T. Hughes, S. van der Leeuw, H. Rodhe, S. Sorlin, P. K. Snyder, R. Costanza, U. Svedin, M. Falkenmark, and Karlbe. 2009. Planetary Boundaries: Exploring the Safe Operating Space for Humanity. Ecology and Society 14:32. | 2009 | Global | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; CO2; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Toxics |
Roebeling, P. C., E. M. T. Hendrix, and M. E. van Grieken. 2009. Exploring industry specific social welfare maximizing rates of water pollution abatement in linked terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Journal of Coastal Research 1681-1685. | 2009 | Australia | Agriculture; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Roebeling, P. C., M. E. van Grieken, A. J. Webster, J. Biggs, and P. Thorburn. 2009. Cost-effective water quality improvement in linked terrestrial and marine ecosystems: a spatial environmental-economic modelling approach. Marine and Freshwater Research 60:1150-1158. | 2009 | Australia | Model | Agriculture; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges |
Roeroe, K. A., M. Yap, and M. Okamoto. 2009. Development of a coastal environment assessment system using coral recruitment. Fisheries Science 75:215-224. | 2009 | Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Turf Algae | ||
Sarkar, A., S. Sengupta, J. M. McArthur, P. Ravenscroft, M. K. Bera, R. Bhushan, A. Samanta, and S. Agrawal. 2009. Evolution of Ganges-Brahmaputra western delta plain: clues from sedimentology and carbon isotopes. Quaternary Science Reviews 28:2564-2581. | 2009 | Global | Climate; Discharges; Mangroves; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Singh, S., W. G. L. Aalbersberg, and R. J. Morrison. 2009. Nutrient Pollution in Laucala Bay, Fiji Islands. Water Air And Soil Pollution 204:363-372. | 2009 | Fiji | Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Waste Management Policies | |
Snelgrove, P. V. R., R. Petrecca, K. I. Stocks, C. Van Dover, and C. A. Zimmer. 2009. A mosaic of diverse ideas: The ecological legacy of J. Frederick Grassle. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56:1571-1576. | 2009 | Global | Review; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Infrastructure; Petroleum Spills; Sediment |
Takesue, R. K., M. H. Bothner, and R. L. Reynolds. 2009. Sources of land-derived runoff to a coral reef-fringed embayment identified using geochemical tracers in nearshore sediment traps. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 85:459-471. | 2009 | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Tindall, J. C., P. J. Valdes, and L. C. Sime. 2009. Stable water isotopes in HadCM3: Isotopic signature of El Nino Southern Oscillation and the tropical amount effect. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres 114:D04111. | 2009 | Model | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff | |
Tindall, J. C., P. J. Valdes, and L. C. Sime. 2009. Stable water isotopes in HadCM3: Isotopic signature of El Nino-Southern Oscillation and the tropical amount effect. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres 114. | 2009 | Model | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff | |
Viehman, S., S. M. Thur, and G. A. Piniak. 2009. Coral reef metrics and habitat equivalency analysis. Ocean and Coastal Management 52:181-188. | 2009 | Index or Indicator | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Petroleum Spills | |
Wei, G., M. T. McCulloch, G. Mortimer, W. Deng, and L. Xie. 2009. Evidence for ocean acidification in the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 73:2332-2346. | 2009 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia | CO2; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Non-point Source Runoff; Ocean Acidity; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Wolanski, E., J. A. Martinez, and R. H. Richmond. 2009. Quantifying the impact of watershed urbanization on a coral reef: Maunalua Bay, Hawaii. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 84:259-268. | 2009 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Algae; Coralline Algae; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-Monetary Valuation; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Wooldridge, S. A. 2009. Water quality and coral bleaching thresholds: Formalising the linkage for the inshore reefs of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:745-751. | 2009 | Global; Australia | Model | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Zhang, L., B. Zhang, Z. C. Chen, L. F. Zheng, and Q. X. Tong. 2009. The application of hyperspectral remote sensing to coast environment investigation. Acta Oceanologica Sinica 28:1-13. | 2009 | Field Study & Monitoring; Remote Sensing | Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mining Policies; Petroleum Spills | |
[No author name available]. 2008. Coastal Environment 2008: Environmental Problems in Coastal Regions, CENV 08. in WIT Transactions on the Built Environment. | 2008 | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Artificial Habitat; Boating Activities; Climate; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Petroleum Spills; Plankton; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation | |
Aguilar, C., G. Gonzalez-Sanson, I. Faloh, and R. A. Curry. 2008. Spatial variation in stable isotopes (δ13C and δ 15N) in marine fish along the coast of Havana City: Evidence of human impacts from harbor and river waters. Journal of Coastal Research 24:1281-1288. | 2008 | South & Central America; Cuba; Caribbean | Fish; Nutrients; Planktivorous Fish; Ports & Harbors; Small Herbivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Aguirre-Macedo, M. L., V. M. Vidal-Martinez, J. A.Herrera-Silveira, D. S. Valdes-Lozano, M. Herrera-Rodriguez, and M. A. Olvera-Novoa. 2008. Ballast water as a vector of coral pathogens in the Gulf of Mexico: The case of the Cayo Arcas coral reef. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56:1570-1577. | 2008 | South & Central America; Mexico | Index or Indicator | Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Tankers; Pathogens; Plankton; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Bouchon, C., P. Portillo, M. Louis, F. Mazeas, and Y. Bouchon-Navaro. 2008. Recent evolution of the coral reefs of Guadeloupe and Saint- Barthelemy Islands [evolution recente des recifs coralliens des îles de la Guadeloupe et de Saint-Barthelemy]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 63:45-65. | 2008 | Antilles | Field Study & Monitoring | Chemical Use Regulations; Deforestation & Devegetation; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fish; Landuse Management; Nutrients; Sea Temperatures; Sediment; Wastewater Discharge |
Cannon, J. 2008. A bargain for clean water. | 2008 | Review | Agriculture; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. | 2008 | Puerto Rico | Review; Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Improved Technology; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Chang, Y.C., F.W. Hong, and M.T. Lee. 2008. A system dynamic based DSS for sustainable coral reef management in Kenting coastal zone, Taiwan. Ecological Modelling 211:153-168. | 2008 | Taiwan | Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Decision Support; Fish; Sewage Treatment; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge |
Cherubin, L. M., C. P. Kuchinke, and C. B. Paris. 2008. Ocean circulation and terrestrial runoff dynamics in the Mesoamerican region from spectral optimization of SeaWiFS data and a high resolution simulation. Coral Reefs 27:503-519. | 2008 | Honduras | Model; Remote Sensing | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Golbuu, Y., K. E. Fabricius, S. Victor, R. H. Richmond. 2008. Gradients in coral reef communities exposed to muddy river discharge in Pohnpei, Micronesia. 39454. | 2008 | Micronesia | Index or Indicator | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Grech, A. and H. Marsh. 2008. Rapid assessment of risks to a mobile marine mammal in an ecosystem-scale marine protected area. Conservation Biology 22:711-720. | 2008 | Australia | Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Whales & Dolphins |
Greiner, R. and O. Miller. 2008. Reducing diffuse water pollution by tailoring incentives to region specific requirements: Empirical study for the Burdekin River basin (Australia). Pages 31-42 in WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment. | 2008 | Australia | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Agriculture; Funding & Incentives; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges |
Guzman, H. M., R. Cipriani, and J. B. C. Jackson. 2008. Historical decline in coral reef growth after the Panama Canal. Ambio 37:342-346. | 2008 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral; Water | |
Halicz, L., I. Segal, N. Fruchter, M. Stein, and B. Lazar. 2008. Strontium stable isotopes fractionate in the soil environments? Earth and Planetary Science Letters 272:406-411. | 2008 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral | |
Hawdon, A. A., R. J. Keen, D. A. Post, and S. N. Wilkinson. 2008. Hydrological recovery of rangeland following cattle exclusion. IAHS-AISH Publication 532-539. | 2008 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Hiff, J. 2008. T/B Morris J. Berman oil spill: Restoration projects overview. Pages 145-150 in International Oil Spill Conference - IOSC 2008, Proceedings. | 2008 | Puerto Rico | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Petroleum Spills; Sediment | |
Humphrey, C., M. Weber, C. Lott, T. Cooper, K. Fabricius. 2008. Effects of suspended sediments, dissolved inorganic nutrients and salinity on fertilisation and embryo development in the coral Acropora millepora (Ehrenberg, 1834). Coral Reefs 27:837-850. | 2008 | Australia | Lab Study | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Hunter, H. M. and R. S. Walton. 2008. Land-use effects on fluxes of suspended sediment, nitrogen and phosphorus from a river catchment of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Journal of Hydrology 356:131-146. | 2008 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge |
Jackson, J. B. C. 2008. Ecological extinction and evolution in the brave new ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:11458-11465. | 2008 | Global | Agriculture; Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens | |
Jupiter, S., G. Roff, G. Marion, M. Henderson, V. Schrameyer, M. McCulloch, and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. 2008. Linkages between coral assemblages and coral proxies of terrestrial exposure along a cross-shelf gradient on the southern Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 27:887-903. | 2008 | Australia | Agriculture; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fleshy Macroalgae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Octocoral; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Kitada, Y., H. Kawahata, A. Suzuki, and T. Oomori. 2008. Distribution of pesticides and bisphenol A in sediments collected from rivers adjacent to coral reefs. Chemosphere 71:2082-2090. | 2008 | Japan | Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fishing Sector; Landscaping & Household Services; Non-point Source Runoff; Ports & Harbors; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Lee, H. S., M. Sidhartham, C. S. Shim, Y. D. Kim, C. Y. Lim, J. W. Ko, M. D. Han, M. J. Rang, L. S. Bim, H. S. Cho, and H. W. Shin. 2008. Screening and formulation of chemoattractant coatings for artificial reef structures. Journal of Environmental Biology 29:605-612. | 2008 | India | Algae; Artificial Habitat; Waterborne Discharges | |
Lepland, A. and P. B. Mortensen. 2008. Barite and barium in sediments and coral skeletons around the hydrocarbon exploration drilling site in the Træna Deep, Norwegian Sea. Environmental Geology 56:119-129. | 2008 | Norway | Discharges; Sediment | |
Meng, P.-J., H.-J. Lee, J.-T. Wang, C.-C. Chen, H.-J. Lin, K. S. Tew, and W.-J. Hsieh. 2008. A long-term survey on anthropogenic impacts to the water quality of coral reefs, southern Taiwan. Environmental Pollution 156:67-75. | 2008 | Taiwan | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients | |
Michel, J., C. Boring, and C. Locke. 2008. Rapid assessment protocols for small vessel groundings. Pages 381-386 in International Oil Spill Conference - IOSC 2008, Proceedings. | 2008 | GIS & Maps | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses | |
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2008. Water and Sediment Control Basin. CODE 638. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. | 2008 | Non-point Source Runoff; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Ogston, A. S., R. W. Sternberg, C. A. Nittrouer, D. P. Martin, M. A. Goni, and J. S. Crockett. 2008. Sediment delivery from the Fly River tidally dominated delta to the nearshore marine environment and the impact of El Nino. Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface 113. | 2008 | Papua New Guinea | Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Olsson, P., C. Folke, and T. P. Hughes. 2008. Navigating the transition to ecosystem-based management of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105:9489-9494. | 2008 | Global; Australia; Oman | Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff | |
Paris, C. B. and L. M. Cherubin. 2008. River-reef connectivity in the Meso-American Region. Coral Reefs 27:773-781. | 2008 | South & Central America; Belize; Honduras | Model | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Payros, A. and V. Pujalte. 2008. Calciclastic submarine fans: An integrated overview. Earth-Science Reviews 86:203-246. | 2008 | Review; Model | Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Prouty, N. G., K. A. Hughen, and J. Carilli. 2008. Geochemical signature of land-based activities in Caribbean coral surface samples. Coral Reefs 27:727-742. | 2008 | South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Caribbean | Index or Indicator | Agriculture; Coastal Development; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation |
Przeslawski, R., S. Ahyong, M. Byrne, G. Worheide, and P. Hutchings. 2008. Beyond corals and fish: The effects of climate change on noncoral benthic invertebrates of tropical reefs. Global Change Biology 14:2773-2795. | 2008 | South & Central America; Australia; Caribbean | Review | Climate; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Salinity; Sediment; Special Use Permitting |
Puerto Rico and USVI Area Planning Committees. 2008. Hazardous Substances Pollution Area Contingency Plan. Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin islands. | 2008 | US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico | Discharges; Petroleum Spills | |
Roeroe, K. A., M. Yap, and M. Okamoto. 2008. Development of a coastal environment assessment system using coral recruitment. Fisheries Science 10-Jan. | 2008 | Japan | Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Turf Algae | |
Segal, B., H. Evangelista, M. Kampel, A. C. Goncalves, P. S. Polito, and E. A. dos Santos. 2008. Potential impacts of polar fronts on sedimentation processes at Abrolhos coral reef (South-West Atlantic Ocean/Brazil). Continental Shelf Research 28:533-544. | 2008 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean | Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Remote Sensing | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Sofonia, J. J. and K. R. N. Anthony. 2008. High-sediment tolerance in the reef coral Turbinaria mesenterina from the inner Great Barrier Reef lagoon (Australia). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 78:748-752. | 2008 | Australia | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral | |
Stat, M. and R. D. Gates. 2008. Vectored introductions of marine endosymbiotic dinoflagellates into Hawaii. Biological Invasions 10:579-583. | 2008 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Ballast Discharge; Invasive Species; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Stony Coral | |
Sunagawa, S., J. Cortes, C. Jimenez, and R. Lara. 2008. Variation in cell densities and pigment concentrations of symbiotic dinoflagellates in the coral Pavona clavus in the eastern Pacific (Costa Rica) [Variacion en la densidad de celulas y en las concentraciones de pigmentos de los dinosflagelados simbiot. Ciencias Marinas 34:113-123. | 2008 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Costa Rica | Light; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Zooxanthellae | |
Takada, Y., O. Abe, and T. Shibuno. 2008. Cryptic assemblages in coral-rubble interstices along a terrestrial-sediment gradient. Coral Reefs 27:665-675. | 2008 | Japan | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Echinoderms; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment; Skeletal Coral |
Thorpe, K.L., R. Benstead, P. Eccles, G. Maack, T. Williams, C.R. Tyler. 2008. A practicable laboratory flow-through exposure system for assessing the health effects of effluents in fish. Aquatic Toxicology 88:164-172. | 2008 | Lab Study; Model | Fish; Sewage Treatment; Wastewater Discharge | |
Uthicke, S. and K. Nobes. 2008. Benthic Foraminifera as ecological indicators for water quality on the Great Barrier Reef. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 78:763-773. | 2008 | South & Central America; Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Caribbean | Index or Indicator | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment |
Wang, D., X. Miao, and Q. X. Li. 2008. Analysis of organochlorine pesticides in coral (Porites evermanni) samples using accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 54:211-218. | 2008 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Stony Coral; Waterborne Discharges |
Wantiez, L. 2008. Coral reefs of New Caledonia in 2006: Status report and monitoring network [Les recifs coralliens de nouvelle-caledonie en 2006: etat des lieux et reseau de suivi]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 63:117-132. | 2008 | US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia; Europe | Field Study & Monitoring | Cruise Ships; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Housing; Mining; Mining Policies; Seastars; Sewage Treatment; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge |
Water Environment Research Foundation, American Society of Civil Engineers, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Highway Administration, American Public Works Association, editor. 2008. Overview of Performance by BMP Category and Common Pollutant Type. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database [1999-2008]. | 2008 | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Wilson, M. E. J. 2008. Global and regional influences on equatorial shallow-marine carbonates during the Cenozoic. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 265:262-274. | 2008 | Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India; Caribbean | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; CO2; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients | |
[No author name available]. 2007. Alien invaders - Nowhere to hide. Pages 31-33 MER - Marine Engineers Review. | 2007 | Review | Ballast Discharge; Collaboration & Partnering; Cruise Ships | |
[No author name available]. 2007. Science & technology concentrates: Oil-spill dispersants are toxic to corals. Chemical and Engineering News 85:33. | 2007 | Lab Study; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Mitigation; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | |
Aeby, G. S. 2007. Spatial and temporal patterns of Porites trematodiasis on the reefs of Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. Bulletin of Marine Science 80:209-218. | 2007 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Stony Coral | |
Anthony, K. R. N. and A. P. Kerswell. 2007. Coral mortality following extreme low tides and high solar radiation. Marine Biology 151:1623-1631. | 2007 | Australia | Light; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Bostock, H. C., B. P. Brooke, D. A. Ryan, G. Hancock, T. Pietsch, R. Packett, and K. Harle. 2007. Holocene and modern sediment storage in the subtropical macrotidal Fitzroy River estuary, Southeast Queensland, Australia. Sedimentary Geology 201:321-340. | 2007 | Australia | Discharges; Mangroves; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Chen, B.-Y. 2007. Revealing threshold criteria of biostimulation for dye-laden wastewater treatment using immobilized cell systems. Process Biochemistry 42:158-166. | 2007 | Nutrients; Sewage Treatment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Cuevas Castell, J. M., C. Betzler, J. Rossler, H. Hussner, and M. Peinl. 2007. Integrating outcrop data and forward computer modelling to unravel the development of a Messinian carbonate platform in SE Spain (Sorbas Basin). Sedimentology 54:423-441. | 2007 | Spain | Model; GIS & Maps | Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level |
Derse, E., K. L. Knee, S. D. Wankel, C. Kendall, C. J. Berg Jr., and A. Paytan. 2007. Identifying sources of nitrogen to Hanalei Bay, Kauai, utilizing the nitrogen isotope signature of macroalgae. Environmental Science and Technology 41:5217-5223. | 2007 | Algae; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Remediation; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Donner, S. D. and D. Potere. 2007. The inequity of the global threat to coral reefs. Bioscience 57:214-215. | 2007 | Global | Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Pathogens; Sea Temperatures; Waterborne Discharges | |
Echavarri-Erasun, B., J. A. Juanes, G. Garcia-Castrillo, and J. A. Revilla. 2007. Medium-term responses of rocky bottoms to sewage discharges from a deepwater outfall in the NE Atlantic. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:941-954. | 2007 | Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Invertebrates; Sediment; Substrate; Wastewater Discharge |
Environmental Protection Agency. 2007. National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Hydromodification. EPA 841-B-07-002, Office of Water, Washington, DC. | 2007 | Aquaculture; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water | ||
Fagan, K. E. and F. T. Mackenzie. 2007. Air-sea CO2 exchange in a subtropical estuarine-coral reef system, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. Marine Chemistry 106:174-191. | 2007 | US Pacific & Hawaii | CO2; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Primary Production; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Haapkyla, J., F. Ramade, and B. Salvat. 2007. Oil pollution on coral reefs: A review of the state of knowledge and management needs. Vie et Milieu 57:95-111. | 2007 | Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | |
Halpern, B. S., K. A. Selkoe, F. Micheli, and C. V. Kappel. 2007. Evaluating and ranking the vulnerability of global marine ecosystems to anthropogenic threats. Conservation Biology 21:1301-1315. | 2007 | Global | Finfish Harvest; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Mangroves; Point Source Discharges; Sea Temperatures | |
Haynes, D., J. Brodie, J. Waterhouse, Z. Bainbridge, D. Bass, and B. Hart. 2007. Assessment of the water quality and ecosystem health of the Great Barrier Reef (Australia): Conceptual models. Environmental Management 40:993-1003. | 2007 | Global; Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator | Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Climate; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
House, K. Z., C. H. House, D. P. Schrag, and M. J. Aziz. 2007. Electrochemical acceleration of chemical weathering as an energetically feasible approach to mitigating anthropogenic climate change. Environmental Science and Technology 41:8464-8470. | 2007 | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; CO2; Ocean Acidity; Point Source Discharges | ||
Hwang, S. 2007. Page 111 in SEVENTH CARIBBEAN ISLANDS WATER RESOURCES CONGRESS. St. Croix, USVI. | 2007 | Global; South & Central America; Caribbean | Review; Field Study & Monitoring | Drinking Water Supply; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Schools & Colleges; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Jegatheesan, V., C. Zeng, L. Shu, C. Manicom, and C. Steicke. 2007. Technological advances in aquaculture farms for minimal effluent discharge to oceans. Journal of Cleaner Production 15:1535-1544. | 2007 | Australia | Aquaculture; Discharges; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Kankara, R. S. and B. R. Subramanian. 2007. Oil spill sensitivity analysis and risk assessment for Gulf of Kachchh, India, using integrated modeling. Journal of Coastal Research 23:1251-1258. | 2007 | India | Model; GIS & Maps | Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Petroleum Spills; Transportation Policies |
Klaus, J. S., I. Janse, J. M. Heikoop, R. A. Sanford, and B. W. Fouke. 2007. Coral microbial communities, zooxanthellae and mucus along gradients of seawater depth and coastal pollution. Environmental Microbiology 9:1291-1305. | 2007 | Antilles | Algae; Light; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level; Waterborne Discharges; Zooxanthellae | |
Lin, H.-J., C.-Y. Wu, S.-J. Kao, W.-Y. Kao, and P.-J. Meng. 2007. Mapping anthropogenic nitrogen through point sources in coral reefs using δ15N in macroalgae. Marine Ecology Progress Series 335:95-109. | 2007 | Taiwan | Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps | Algae; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Tourism & Recreation |
Mallela, J. 2007. Coral reef encruster communities and carbonate production in cryptic and exposed coral reef habitats along a gradient of terrestrial disturbance. Coral Reefs 26:775-785. | 2007 | Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Complex Habitat & Resources; Coralline Algae; Marine Worms; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Mallela, J. and C. T. Perry. 2007. Calcium carbonate budgets for two coral reefs affected by different terrestrial runoff regimes, Rio Bueno, Jamaica. Coral Reefs 26:129-145. | 2007 | Jamaica | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
McPhee-Shaw, E. E., D. A. Siegel, L. Washburn, M. A. Brzezinski, J. L. Jones, A. Leydecker, and J. Melack. 2007. Mechanisms for nutrient delivery to the inner shelf: Observations from the Santa Barbara Channel. Limnology and Oceanography 52:1748-1766. | 2007 | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level | ||
Mutchler, T., K. H. Dunton, A. Townsend-Small, S. Fredriksen, and M. K. Rasser. 2007. Isotopic and elemental indicators of nutrient sources and status of coastal habitats in the Caribbean Sea, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 74:449-457. | 2007 | South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico | Index or Indicator | Coastal Development; Discharges; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge |
Novotny, V. 2007. Diffuse pollution from agriculture: Ecological sustainability or food production or both. Pages 52-59 Water 21. | 2007 | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Ramos-Scharron, C. E. 2007. Sediment Production From Natural And Disturbed Surfaces In Dry Tropical Areas Of La Parguera-Pr, 2003-2005. Pages 1-5 in SEVENTH CARIBBEAN ISLANDS WATER RESOURCES CONGRESS. | 2007 | South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Caribbean | Model; GIS & Maps | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Transportation Policies |
Reuter, M. and T. C. Brachert. 2007. Freshwater discharge and sediment dispersal - Control on growth, ecological structure and geometry of Late Miocene shallow-water coral ecosystems (early Tortonian, Crete/Greece). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 255:308-328. | 2007 | Boring Sponges; Discharges; Sediment; Sponges | ||
Richmond, R. H., T. Rongo, Y. Golbuu, S. Victor, N. Idechong, G. Davis, W. Kostka, L. Neth, M. Hamnett, and E. Wolanski. 2007. Watersheds and coral reefs: Conservation science, policy, and implementation. Bioscience 57:598-607. | 2007 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Micronesia | Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment | |
Roebeling, P. C., C. S. Fletcher, D. W. Hilbert, and J. Udo. 2007. Welfare gains from urbanizing landscapes in Great Barrier Reef catchments? A spatial environmental-economic modelling approach. Pages 737-749 in WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment. | 2007 | Australia | Model | Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges |
Sasal, P., D. Mouillot, R. Fichez, S. Chifflet, and M. Kulbicki. 2007. The use of fish parasites as biological indicators of anthropogenic influences in coral-reef lagoons: A case study of Apogonidae parasites in New-Caledonia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:1697-1706. | 2007 | Index or Indicator | Fish; Wastewater Discharge | |
Shafir, S., J. Van Rijn, and B. Rinkevich. 2007. Short and long term toxicity of crude oil and oil dispersants to two representative coral species. Environmental Science and Technology 41:5571-5574. | 2007 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Egypt | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Cleaner & Solvent Use; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral |
Simpson, B. W. 2007. Lessons for achieving effective management from field research on agrochemicals. Pages 338-359 in ACS Symposium Series. | 2007 | Australia; Mauritius | Field Study & Monitoring | Chemical Use Regulations; Collaboration & Partnering; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Smajgl, A. and P. C. Gehrke. 2007. Integrating economic and ecological modelling in the great barrier reef catchments. IAHS-AISH Publication 107-115. | 2007 | Australia | Model | Agriculture; Climate; Funding & Incentives; Non-point Source Runoff |
Thiel, M., E. C. Macaya, E. Acuna, W. E. Arntz, H. Bastias, K. Brokordt, P. A. Camus, J. C. Castilla, L. R. Castro, M. Cortes, C. P. Dumont, R. Escribano, M. Fernandez, J. A. Gajardo, C. F. Gaymer, I. Gomez, A. E. Gonzalez, H. E. Gonzalez, P. A. Haye, and J.-E. Illanes. 2007. The Humboldt Current System of northern and central Chile - Oceanographic processes, ecological interactions and socioeconomic feedback. Oceanography and Marine Biology 45:195-344. | 2007 | South & Central America | Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Algae; Decision Support; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Primary Production; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Whales & Dolphins |
Tsai, C.-C., J.-H. Liao, H.-H. Wang, and Z.-Y. Hseu. 2007. Effects of typhoon disturbances on soil microbial activities in an uplifted coral reef tropical forest, Southern Taiwan. Taiwan Journal of Forest Science 22:265-279. | 2007 | Taiwan | Field Study & Monitoring | CO2; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Storms & Hurricanes |
USCG. 2007. Hazardous Substances Pollution Area Contingency Plan. Florida Keys. | 2007 | Florida | Coastal Defense; Petroleum Spills | |
Uthicke, S. and K. McGuire. 2007. Bacterial communities in Great Barrier Reef calcareous sediments: Contrasting 16S rDNA libraries from nearshore and outer shelf reefs. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 72:188-200. | 2007 | Australia | Index or Indicator | Cyanobacteria; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment |
Webster, N. S. 2007. Sponge disease: A global threat? Environmental Microbiology 9:1363-1375. | 2007 | Global; South & Central America; Australia; Papua New Guinea; Caribbean; Mexico | Review | Agriculture; Climate; Cyanobacteria; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Sponges |
White, I., T. Falkland, P. Perez, A. Dray, T. Metutera, E. Metai, and M. Overmars. 2007. Challenges in freshwater management in low coral atolls. Journal of Cleaner Production 15:1522-1528. | 2007 | Agriculture; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Waterborne Discharges | ||
White, I., T. Falkland, T. Metutera, E. Metai, M. Overmars, P. Perez, A. Dray, and A. C. Falkland. 2007. Climatic and human influences on groundwater in low atolls. Vadose Zone Journal 6:581-590. | 2007 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Kiribati | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water | |
Wright, D. A., R. Dawson, C. E. Orano-Dawson, and S. M. Moesel. 2007. A test of the efficacy of a ballast water treatment system aboard the vessel Coral Princess. Marine Technology 44:57-67. | 2007 | Florida; Panama; Columbia | Ballast Discharge; Cruise Ships; Light | |
2006. Caltrans Statewide Sand Filter Study Stormwater Monitoring Report (CTSW-RT-06-128.01-1). | 2006 | Field Study & Monitoring | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Bigot, L., C. Conand, J. M. Amouroux, P. Frouin, H. Bruggemann, and A. Gremare. 2006. Effects of industrial outfalls on tropical macrobenthic sediment communities in Reunion Island (Southwest Indian Ocean). Marine Pollution Bulletin 52:865-880. | 2006 | Indian Ocean; Reunion; India | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Sediment; Wastewater Discharge |
Bjorn, L. O. and N. G. A. Ekelund. 2006. Corals and zooxanthellae - A marine partnership [Koraller och zooxantheller - Ett marint partnerskap]. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 100:263-270. | 2006 | Algae; Climate; CO2; Petroleum Spills; Primary Production; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae | ||
Burke, L. and Z. Sugg. 2006. Hydrologic Modeling of Watersheds Discharging Adjacent to the Mesoamerican Reef. World Resource Institute. | 2006 | Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Collaboration & Partnering; Discharges; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Chavez-Comparan, J. C. and R. Macias-Zamora. 2006. Structure of reef fish communities in the littoral of Colima, Mexico. Journal of Biological Sciences 6:65-75. | 2006 | South & Central America; Mexico | Index or Indicator | Coastal Development; Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish; Waterborne Discharges |
Conlan, K. E., G. H. Rau, and R. G. Kvitek. 2006. δ13C and δ15N shifts in benthic invertebrates exposed to sewage from McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Marine Pollution Bulletin 52:1695-1707. | 2006 | Index or Indicator | Bivalves; Octocoral; Point Source Discharges; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies | |
Cram, S., C. A. Ponce De Leon, P. Fernandez, I. Sommer, H. Rivas, and L. M. Morales. 2006. Assesment of trace elements and organic pollutants from a marine oil complex into the coral reef system of Cayo Arcas, Mexico. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 121:127-149. | 2006 | South & Central America; Mexico | Ballast Discharge; Oil & Gas Tankers; Sediment | |
Downs, C. A., R. H. Richmond, W. J. Mendiola, L. Rougee, and G. K. Ostrander. 2006. Cellular physiological effects of the MV Kyowa Violet fuel-oil spill on the hard coral, Porites lobata. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25:3171-3180. | 2006 | Micronesia | Model | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral |
Halpern, B.S., K. Cottenie, B.R. Broitman. 2006. Strong Top-Down Control in Southern California Kelp Forest Ecosystems. Science 312:1230-1232. | 2006 | Global | Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Primary Production; Special Use Permitting | |
Kline, D. I., J. Bryant, E. Kisflaudy, G. Rohwer, F. Nostropaur, J. Grayson, N. Knowlton, and F. Rohwer. 2006. The aquatic automated dosing and maintenance system (AADAMS). Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 4:184-192. | 2006 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Index or Indicator | Molluscs; Non-point Source Runoff |
Lewis, J. B. 2006. Biology and Ecology of the Hydrocoral Millepora on Coral Reefs. Advances in Marine Biology 50:Jan-55. | 2006 | Algae; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Hydrocoral; Invasive Species; Marine Worms; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Pathogens; Petroleum Spills; Plankton; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Zooxanthellae | ||
Nellemann, C. and E. Corcoran. 2006. Our precious coasts � Marine pollution, climate change and the resilience of coastal ecosystems. United Nations Environment Programme, GRID, Arendal, Norway. | 2006 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Climate; CO2; Coastal Development; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Infrastructure; Marine Protected Areas; Monetary Valuation; Pathogens; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges | |
Poulsen, A., K. Burns, J. Lough, D. Brinkman, and S. Delean. 2006. Trace analysis of hydrocarbons in coral cores from Saudi Arabia. Organic Geochemistry 37:1913-1930. | 2006 | Australia; Saudi Arabia; Iran | Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | |
Ravlic, N. 2006. Influence of a shallow undersea reef on water mixing in coastal channels [Utjecaj plitkoga podmorskoga grebena na miješanje u priobalnim kanalima]. Gradjevinar 58:199-207. | 2006 | Model | Wastewater Discharge | |
Restrepo, J. D., P. Zapata, J. M. Diaz, J. Garzon-Ferreira, and C. B. Garcia. 2006. Fluvial fluxes into the Caribbean Sea and their impact on coastal ecosystems: The Magdalena River, Colombia. Global and Planetary Change 50:33-49. | 2006 | Global; South & Central America; Caribbean | Algae; Discharges; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Reuter, M., T. C. Brachert, and K. F. Kroeger. 2006. Shallow-marine carbonates of the tropical-temperate transition zone: Effects of hinterland climate and basin physiography (late Miocene, Crete, Greece). Geological Society Special Publication 157-178. | 2006 | Climate; Discharges; Nutrients; Sediment | ||
Rougee, L., C. A. Downs, R. H. Richmond, and G. K. Ostrander. 2006. Alteration of normal cellular profiles in the scleractinian coral (Pocillopora damicornis) following laboratory exposure to fuel oil. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25:3181-3187. | 2006 | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | |
Voss, J. D. and L. L. Richardson. 2006. Nutrient enrichment enhances black band disease progression in corals. Coral Reefs 25:569-576. | 2006 | Lab Study | Chemical Use Regulations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge | |
Weber, M., C. Lott, K.E. Fabricius. 2006. Sedimentation stress in a scleractinian coral exposed to terrestrial and marine sediments with contrasting physical, organic and geochemical properties. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 336:18-32. | 2006 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Stony Coral |
Wooldridge, S., J. Brodie, and M. Furnas. 2006. Exposure of inner-shelf reefs to nutrient enriched runoff entering the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon: Post-European changes and the design of water quality targets. Marine Pollution Bulletin 52:1467-1479. | 2006 | Australia; Europe | Model | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Ziegler, A. D. and R. A. Sutherland. 2006. Effectiveness of a coral-derived surfacing material for reducing sediment production on unpaved roads, Schoffield Barracks, Oahu, Hawaii. Environmental Management 37:98-110. | 2006 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring | Climate; Military; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Transportation Policies |
[No author name available]. 2005. Expansion project grows with citizen support. Public Works 136:30-34. | 2005 | Wastewater Discharge | ||
[No author name available]. 2005. News: Mock ship grounding and oil spill in Florida keys National Marine Sanctuary. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50. | 2005 | Florida | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Complex Habitat & Resources; Petroleum Spills; Security Policies | |
Albert, S., J.M. O'Neil, J.W. Udy, K.S. Ahern, C.M. O'Sullivan, W.C. Dennison. 2005. Blooms of the cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula in coastal Queensland, Australia: disparate sites, common factors. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:428-437. | 2005 | Australia | Index or Indicator | Cyanobacteria; Marine Birds; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients |
Arvidson, R. and S. Jones. 2005. Ice detection and avoidance. Pages 9570-9573 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Columbia | Field Study & Monitoring | Coastal Defense; Collaboration & Partnering; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing |
Baca, B., G. A. Ward, C. H. Lane, and P. A. Schuler. 2005. Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA) of dispersed oil on nearshore tropical ecosystems derived from the 20 year \TROPICS\" field study". Pages 11272-11275 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Panama; Iran | Review; Field Study & Monitoring | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Substrate |
Ballou, T. G., S. C. Hess, C. D. Getter, A. Knap, R. Dodge, and T. Sleeter. 2005. Final results of the api tropics oil spill and dispersant use experiments in panama. Page 3089 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Panama | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Wetlands | |
Ballou, T. G., S. C. Hess, R. E. Dodge, A. H. Knap, and T. D. Sleeter. 2005. Effects of untreated and chemically dispersed oil on tropical marine communities: A long-term field experiment. Page 2365 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Field Study & Monitoring | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses | |
Barnes, D. J. and R. B. Taylor. 2005. On the nature and causes of luminescent lines and bands in coral skeletons: II. Contribution of skeletal crystals. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 322:135-142. | 2005 | Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral | ||
Bashat, H. 2005. Challenges of oil spill response in Egyptian coastal zone overlooking the mediterranean and the red sea. Pages 11498-11504 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Egypt | Beaches & Nature Parks; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation | |
Beegle-Krause, C. J., M. Fonseca, and G. Shigenaka. 2005. Noaa habitat recovery models using cellular automata techniques. Pages 10645-10651 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Algae; Coralline Algae; Monetary Valuation; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses | |
Bender, K. and R. Taylor. 2005. Oil spill contingency planning in Thailand. Page 5512 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Thailand | Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation | |
Bennett, V. and D. Noviello. 2005. Response to the grounding of the F/V Ei Jyu Maru No. 21. Page 7183 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan; Palau; Guam | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Defense; Finfish Harvest; Infrastructure; Petroleum Spills | |
Bodnar, J. L. 2005. The information technology of SHIELDS - NOAA'S Sanctuaries Hazardous Incident Emergency Logistics Database System. Pages 11312-11316 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Model; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Internet & Telecommunications; Petroleum Spills | |
Boulon, R., M. Chiappone, R. Halley, W. Jaap, B. Keller, B. Kruczynski, M. Miller, and C. Rogers. 2005. Atlantic Acropora Status Review. | 2005 | Global; South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Jamaica; Belize; Caribbean; Mexico | Review | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Climate; Coastal Development; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Physical Damage; Sediment; Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Zooxanthellae |
Brodie, D. 2005. Preparation of marine pollution contingency plans for small Island nations. Page 6374 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia | Fishing Sector; Petroleum Spills; Waterborne Discharges | |
Brodie, J., K. Fabricus, G. De'ath, and K. Okaji. 2005. Are increased nutrient inputs responsible for more outbreaks of crown-of-thorn starfish? An appraisal of the evidence. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:266-278. | 2005 | Australia | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Seastars; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Broeg, K., H.v. Westernhagen, S. Zander, W. Korting, A. Koehler. 2005. The ��bioeffect assessment index�� (BAI) A concept for the quantification of effects of marine pollution by an integrated biomarker approach. Marine Pollution Bulletin | 2005 | Europe | Index or Indicator | Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Waterborne Discharges |
Bums, K., J. MacPherson, J. Tierney, M. Stoelting, L. Yelle, and D. Jorissen. 2005. Sediment chemistry studies related to the 1986 Bahia las Minas (Panama) oil spill. Page 7605 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Field Study & Monitoring | Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes |
Capune, W. K. 2005. Jin Shiang Fa case study: What could have been done? Pages 4183-4186 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Finfish Harvest; Petroleum Spills | ||
Carruthers, T. J. B., B. I. Van Tussenbroek, and W. C. Dennison. 2005. Influence of submarine springs and wastewater on nutrient dynamics of Caribbean seagrass meadows. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 64:191-199. | 2005 | South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico | Hotel & Food Services; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Chan, G. L. 2005. A study of the effects of the San Francisco oil spill on marine organisms. Page 8142 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Lab Study | Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Petroleum Spills; Snails & Conch | |
Chan, G. L. 2005. The five-year recruitment of marine life after the 1971 San Francisco oil spill. Page 3151 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Seastars; Snails & Conch | ||
Chapman, D. J. and B. E. Julius. 2005. The use of preventative projects as compensatory restoration. Journal of Coastal Research 21:120-131. | 2005 | Florida | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Activities; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Petroleum Spills | |
Chiappone, M., H. Dienes, D. W. Swanson, and S. L. Miller. 2005. Impacts of lost fishing gear on coral reef sessile invertebrates in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Biological Conservation 121:221-230. | 2005 | Florida | Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Hydrocoral; Octocoral; Recreational Fishing; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waterborne Discharges | |
Ciancaglini, D. E. 2005. The federal on-scene coordinator's role in the EXXON valdez oil spill. Page 3031 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Discharges; Petroleum Spills | ||
Clavier, J., G. Boucher, L. Chauvaud, R. Fichez, and S. Chifflet. 2005. Benthic response to ammonium pulses in a tropical lagoon: Implications for coastal environmental processes. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 316:231-241. | 2005 | New Caledonia | Light; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Primary Production; Sediment; Wastewater Discharge | |
Costanzo, S.D., J. Murby, J. Bates. 2005. Ecosystem response to antibiotics entering the aquatic environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:218-223. | 2005 | Discharges; Microorganisms; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Cox, M.E., A. Moss, and G.K. Smyth. 2005. Water quality condition and trend in North Queensland waterways. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:89-98. | 2005 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Agriculture; Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Point Source Discharges |
Craik, W. 2005. Oil spills in the great barrier reef region. Page 5801 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Australia | Review | Marine Protected Areas; Petroleum Spills |
Craik, W. 2005. Protecting the Great Barrier Reef from an oil spill. Pages 6586-6598 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Australia | Marine Protected Areas; Petroleum Spills | |
Crosby, M. P. and E. S. Reese. 2005. Relationship of habitat stability and intra-specific population dynamics of an obligate corallivore butterflyfish. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 15. | 2005 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Index or Indicator | Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Sediment |
Cubit, J. D. and J. L. Connor. 2005. Effects of the 1986 Bahia Las Minas oil spill on reef flat communities. Page 2359 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Field Study & Monitoring | Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Petroleum Spills; Plankton |
Cubit, J. D., C. D. Getter, J. B. C. Jackson, S. D. Garrity, H. M. Caffey, R. C. Thompson, E. Weil, and M. J. Marshall. 2005. An oil spill affecting coral reefs and mangroves on the caribbean coast of Panama. Page 5432 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Sediment | |
D'Croz, L., J. B. del Rosario, and P. Gondola. 2005. The effect of fresh water runoff on the distribution of dissolved inorganic nutrients and plankton in the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, Caribbean Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science 41:414-429. | 2005 | South & Central America; Panama; Iran; Caribbean | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity | |
Devlin, M.J., J. Brodie. 2005. Terrestrial discharge into the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon: nutrient behavior in coastal waters. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:9-22. | 2005 | Australia; Europe | GIS & Maps | Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Dhalin, J. and J. Michel. 2005. Resource response guides. Page 7035 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | GIS & Maps | Bivalves; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Birds; Octopus & Squid; Petroleum Spills; Whales & Dolphins | |
Diaz-Pulido, G. and L. J. McCook. 2005. Effects of nutrient enhancement on the fecundity of a coral reef macroalga. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 317:13-24. | 2005 | Australia | Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment | |
Duke, N. C., A. M. Bell, D. K. Pederson, C. M. Roelfsema, and S. B. Nash. 2005. Herbicides implicated as the cause of severe mangrove dieback in the Mackay region, NE Australia: Consequences for marine plant habitats of the GBR World Heritage Area. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:308-324. | 2005 | Australia | Review | Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Elliott, J. E. 2005. Responding to vessel groundings and oil spills in national parks and marine sanctuaries. Pages 10012-10017 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Florida | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses | |
Fabricius, K. E. 2005. Effects of terrestrial runoff on the ecology of corals and coral reefs: Review and synthesis. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50:125-146. | 2005 | Review; Field Study & Monitoring | Algae; Coralline Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sediment; Stony Coral | |
Faithful, J., W. Finlayson. 2005. Water quality assessment for sustainable agriculture in the Wet Tropics - A community-assisted approach. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:99-112. | 2005 | Agriculture; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Friedlander, A., G. Aeby, E. Brown, A. Clark, S. Coles, S. Dollar, C. Hunter, P. Jokiel, J. Smith, B. Walsh, I. Williams, and W. Wiltse. 2005. The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the Main Hawaiian Islands. NOAA. | 2005 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Coastal Development; Non-point Source Runoff | |
Garrity, S. D., S. C. Levings, and K. A. Burns. 2005. Chronic oiling and long-term effects of the 1986 galeta spill on fringing mangroves. Page 1041 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Bivalves; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Point Source Discharges; Seagrasses; Sediment; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
George-Ares, A., E. J. Febbo, D. J. Letinski, J. Yarusinsky, R. S. Safadi, and A. F. Aita. 2005. Use of brine SHRIMP (Artemia) in dispersant toxicity tests: Some caveats. Pages 9952-9955 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Petroleum Spills; Salinity | ||
Gerhard, L. C. and T. A. Cross. 2005. Measurements of the generation and distribution of carbonate sediments of Buck Island channel, St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands, with observations about sediments in fringing lagoons. Atoll Research Bulletin 157-176. | 2005 | US Virgin Islands | Lab Study | Calcareous Macroalgae; Molluscs; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level |
Getter, C. D. and R. R. Lewis III. 2005. Spill response that benefits the long-term recovery of oiled mangroves. Pages 10164-10175 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Florida; Puerto Rico | Review | Mangroves; Mitigation; Petroleum Spills |
Getter, C. D., B. J. Baca, T. G. Ballou, M. S. Brown, A. H. Knap, R. E. Dodge, and T. D. Sleeter. 2005. Tropical oil pollution investigations in coastal systems (TROPICS). Page 8631 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Bermuda | Field Study & Monitoring | Fish; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Sediment |
Ginsburg, P., S. Sterling, and S. Gottehrer. 2005. Experiment in democracy: The citizen oversight council as a means of mitigating environmental impacts of terminal and tanker operations. Page 2837 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Finfish Harvest; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines | ||
Golabi, M. H., C. Iyekar, and D. Minton. 2005. Effect of vetiver technology on sediment loss and water quality in southern Guam. Pages 348-355 in Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Watershed Management to Meet Water Quality Standards and Emerging TMDL. | 2005 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Guam | Agriculture; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Greiner, R., A. Herr, J. Brodie, and D. Haynes. 2005. A multi-criteria approach to Great Barrier Reef catchment (Queensland, Australia) diffuse-source pollution problem. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:128-137. | 2005 | Australia | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Haas, T. J. 2005. CAMEO-Valdez: Charting the progress of the spill cleanup. Page 853 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Petroleum Spills | ||
Henry, C. and E. Levine. 2005. NOAA'S response to the Jessica oil spill in the Galapagos archipelago. Pages 10338-10342 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Defense; Petroleum Spills | ||
Hewitt, J. E., M. J. Anderson, and S. F. Thrush. 2005. Assessing and monitoring ecological community health in marine systems. Ecological Applications 15:942-953. | 2005 | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Horn, S. A. and C. P. Neal. 2005. The atlantic empress sinking-a large spill without environmental disaster. Page 510 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Trinidad; Caribbean | Beaches & Nature Parks; Petroleum Spills; Tourism & Recreation | |
Houk, P., G. Didonato, J. Iguel, and R. Van Woesik. 2005. Assessing the effects of non-point source pollution on American Samoa's coral reef communities. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 107:27-Nov. | 2005 | Samoa; American Samoa | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Algae; Coralline Algae; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Stony Coral |
Hutchings, P. 2005. Marine Pollution Bulletin: Editorial. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50:4-Jan. | 2005 | Waterborne Discharges | ||
Hutchings, P. and D. Haynes. 2005. Marine pollution bulletin special edition editorial. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:2-Jan. | 2005 | Waterborne Discharges | ||
Hutchings, P., M. Peyrot-Clausade, and A. Osnorno. 2005. Influence of land runoff on rates and agents of bioerosion of coral substrates. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:438-447. | 2005 | Australia | Algae; Bivalves; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Sponges; Stony Coral; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Jordan-Dahlgren, E., M. A. Maldonado, and R. E. Rodriguez-Martinez. 2005. Diseases and partial mortality in Montastraea annularis species complex in reefs with differing environmental conditions (NW Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 63:12-Mar. | 2005 | Global; South & Central America; Caribbean; Mexico | Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Point Source Discharges; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Keller, B. D. 2005. On evaluating ecological effects of a major oil spill on the caribbean coast of Panama. Page 5867 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Lab Study; Model | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Sediment; Stony Coral |
Knap, A. H., S. C. Wyers, R. E. Dodge, T. D. Sleeter, H. R. Frith, S. R. Smith, and C. B. Cook. 2005. The effects of chemically and physically dispersed oil on the brain coral diploria strigosa (dana)-a summary review. Page 2303 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Bermuda | Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Petroleum Spills; Primary Production; Stony Coral |
Knap, A. H., T. D. Sleeter, and I. W. Hughes. 2005. Case history: The grounding of the M/T Tifoso, 1983 A test of Bermuda's contingency plan. Page 913 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bermuda | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Defense; Petroleum Spills; Tourism & Recreation | |
Krupp, F. and O. Khushaim. 2005. The establishment of a marine wildlife sanctuary following the 1991 gulf war oil spill. Page 2611 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Saudi Arabia; Europe | Mangroves; Marine Birds; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses | |
Lapointe, B. E., P. J. Barile, M. M. Littler, and D. S. Littler. 2005. Macroalgal blooms on southeast Florida coral reefs: II. Cross-shelf discrimination of nitrogen sources indicates widespread assimilation of sewage nitrogen. Harmful Algae 4:1106-1122. | 2005 | Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring | Algae; Discharges; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge |
Leao, Z. M. A. N. and R. K. P. Kikuchi. 2005. A relic coral fauna threatened by global changes and human activities, Eastern Brazil. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:599-611. | 2005 | Global | Finfish Harvest; Light; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
LeGore, S., D. S. Marszalek, L. J. Danek, M. S. Tomlinson, J. E. Hofmann, and J. E. Cuddeback. 2005. Effect of chemically dispersed oil on arabian gulf corals: A field experiment. Page 2176 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Field Study & Monitoring | Petroleum Spills; Salinity; Stony Coral | |
Lin, Q. and I. A. Mendelssohn. 2005. Dispersants as countermeasures in nearshore oil spills for coastal habitat protection. Pages 10781-10785 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Petroleum Spills; Primary Production; Wetlands | ||
Marion, G. S., R. B. Dunbar, D. A. Mucciarone, J. N. Kremer, J. S. Lansing, and A. Arthawiguna. 2005. Coral skeletal δ15N reveals isotopic traces of an agricultural revolution. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50:931-944. | 2005 | Indonesia | Agriculture; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge | |
Michel, J., R. Yender, E. H. Owens, G. Sergy, R. D. Martin, and J. A. Tarpley. 2005. Improving the shoreline assessment process with new scat forms. Pages 3773-3780 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Field Study & Monitoring | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
Michel, J., S. Zengel, L. Cotsapas, J. Dahlin, and J. Hoff. 2005. Scaling of injury to reef flat habitats resulting from removal actions of grounded vessels in Pago Pago, American Samoa. Pages 7487-7494 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Samoa; American Samoa | Field Study & Monitoring | Calcareous Macroalgae; Coastal Defense; Petroleum Spills; Sediment |
Morgan, M. B., S. E. Edge, and T. W. Snell. 2005. Profiling differential gene expression of corals along a transect of waters adjacent to the Bermuda municipal dump. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:524-533. | 2005 | Bermuda | Lab Study | Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Point Source Discharges; Salinity; Sediment |
Nash, S. M. B., K. McMahon, G. Eaglesham, and J. F. Muller. 2005. Application of a novel phytotoxicity assay for the detection of herbicides in Hervey Bay and the Great Sandy Straits. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:351-360. | 2005 | Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2005. Solid/liquid Waste Separation Facility. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. | 2005 | Improved Technology; Nutrients; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Neff, J. M., J. P. Marum, and J. Scott Warner. 2005. Composition and fate of clean ballast water discharged from crude oil tankers. Page 1266 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Saudi Arabia | Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills | |
Oemcke, D. J. and J. Van Leeuwen. 2005. Ozonation of the marine dinoflagellate alga Amphidinium sp. - Implications for ballast water disinfection. Water Research 39:5119-5125. | 2005 | Australia | Index or Indicator | Algae; Ballast Discharge; Sediment |
O'Reagain, P. J., J. Brodie, G. Fraser, J. J. Bushell, C. H. Holloway, J. W. Faithful, and D. Haynes. 2005. Nutrient loss and water quality under extensive grazing in the upper Burdekin river catchment, North Queensland. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:37-50. | 2005 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Overfield, M. L. 2005. Corrosion on Deep Gulf Shipwrecks of World War II. Pages 11242-11248 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | South & Central America; Mexico | Review; Field Study & Monitoring | Artificial Habitat; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Petroleum Spills |
Owens, E. H., H. H. Roberts, S. P. Murray, and C. R. Foget. 2005. Containment strategies for marine oil spills in nearshore waters. Page 1376 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Model | Petroleum Spills | |
Quinn, B., F. Gagne, J.-P. Weber, and C. Blaise. 2005. Ecotoxicological effects of a semi-submerged municipal dump (Castle harbour, Bermuda) on the Calico scallop Argopecten gibbus. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:534-544. | 2005 | Bermuda | Index or Indicator | Point Source Discharges |
Rinkevich, B., Y. Loya, M. Rosenfeld, and E. Kramarsky-Winter. 2005. Nutrient enrichment and coral reproduction: Between truth and repose (a critique of Loya et al.) [2] (multiple letters). Marine Pollution Bulletin 50:111-118. | 2005 | Nutrients; Waterborne Discharges | ||
Sifling, J., R. A. Nall, J. Stettler, T. Busch, F. Igaz, J. G. Hoff, and S. Wiegman. 2005. American Samoa longliner response, wreck removal, and restoration project. Pages 259-264 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Samoa; American Samoa | Coastal Defense; Finfish Harvest; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Petroleum Spills; Ports & Harbors; Storms & Hurricanes | |
Sleeter, T. D., J. N. Butler, and J. E. Barbash. 2005. Hydrocarbons in sedimetns fromt eh edge of the bermuda platform. Page 3564 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bermuda | Model | Beaches & Nature Parks; Petroleum Spills; Sediment |
Smith, A., D. Helton, and I. Zelo. 2005. Developing a database to support and prioritize the removal of abandoned vessels impacting coral resources. Pages 9582-9585 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Petroleum Spills | |
Smith, J. E., J. W. Runcie, and C. M. Smith. 2005. Characterization of a large-scale ephemeral bloom of the green alga Cladophora sericea on the coral reefs of West Maui, Hawai'i. Marine Ecology Progress Series 302:77-91. | 2005 | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Algae; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Sediment; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Sordelli, C. and N. Garcia. 2005. Venezuelan national oil spill training program. Page 8972 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Venezuela | Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Decision Support; Mangroves; Military; Oil & Gas Industry; Petroleum Spills |
Symons, L. C. and J. Morris. 2005. Development of multi-hazard contingency plans and tools for the National Marine Sanctuary System. Pages 9628-9631 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; Samoa; American Samoa | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Cultural Protections; Marine Protected Areas; Petroleum Spills; Special Use Permitting; Storms & Hurricanes; Whales & Dolphins |
Symons, L. C., M. Hodges, and M. S. Devany. 2005. Flexibility for NOAA in development and application of multi-hazard contingency plans and response tools: The Sanctuaries Hazardous Incident Logistics Database System (SHIELDS). Pages 11158-11160 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Review; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Regulations; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Marine Protected Areas; Petroleum Spills; Small Boats; Special Use Permitting; Storms & Hurricanes |
Thompson, J. H. and T. J. Bright. 2005. Effects of drill mud on sediment clearing rates of certain hermatypic corals. Page 2315 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Stony Coral | ||
Thorhaug, A., F. McDonald, J. McFarlane, B. Carby, M. Anderson, B. Miller, V. Gordon, and P. Gayle. 2005. Dispersed oil effects on tropical habitats: Preliminary laboratory results of dispersed oil testing on Jamaica coralsand seagrass. Page 1988 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | Jamaica | Lab Study; Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps | Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation |
Thorhaug, A., G. Sidrak, K. Aiken, W. Walker, H. J. Teas, F. McDonald, B. Carby, R. Reese, M. Anderson, M. Rodriquez, B. Miller, V. Gordon, and J. McFarlane. 2005. Dispersant use for tropical nearshore waters: Jamaica. Page 1968 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | South & Central America; Jamaica; Caribbean; Europe | Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Defense; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation | |
Tomasko, D. A., C. A. Corbett, H. S. Greening, and G. E. Raulerson. 2005. Spatial and temporal variation in seagrass coverage in Southwest Florida: assessing the relative effects of anthropogenic nutrient load reductions and rainfall in four contiguous estuaries. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50:797-805. | 2005 | Florida | Nutrients; Plankton; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sewage Treatment; Wastewater Discharge | |
Trudel, B. K., R. C. Belore, B. J. Jessiman, and S. L. Ross. 2005. A microcomputer-based spill impact assessment system for untreated and chemically dispersed oil spills in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Page 4770 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Mexico | Model | Coastal Defense; Petroleum Spills; Resource Use Management; Special Use Permitting |
Ward, G. A., B. Baca, W. Cyriacks, R. E. Dodge, and A. Knap. 2005. Continuing long-term studies of the tropics Panama oil and dispersed oil spill sites. Pages 9644-9652 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Sediment | |
Warne, A. G., R. M. T. Webb, and M. C. Larsen. 2005. Water, sediment, and nutrient discharge characteristics of rivers in Puerto Rico, and their potential influence on coral reefs. Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5206, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. | 2005 | Puerto Rico | Agriculture; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Warrlich, G., D. Bosence, and D. Waltham. 2005. 3D and 4D controls on carbonate depositional systems: Sedimentological and sequence stratigraphic analysis of an attached carbonate platform and atoll (Miocene, Nijar Basin, SE Spain). Sedimentology 52:363-389. | 2005 | Spain | GIS & Maps | Algae; Coralline Algae; Point Source Discharges; Sediment |
Watanabe, K. and A. Nakamura. 2005. A design of tiny basin test-bed for AUV multi agent. in Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005. | 2005 | Field Study & Monitoring | Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Waterborne Discharges | |
Weaver, D. A. and H. Henderson. 2005. Hurricane Val in American Samoa: A case study. Page 3540 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Samoa; American Samoa | Field Study & Monitoring | Coastal Defense; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Housing; Petroleum Spills; Ports & Harbors; Storms & Hurricanes |
[No author name available]. 2004. Nutrient pollution aggravates coral diseases. Water Environment and Technology 16:10. | 2004 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Agriculture; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens | |
[No author name available]. 2004. Proceedings of SPIE - Remote Sensing of the Ocean and Sea Ice 2004. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 5569. | 2004 | Taiwan | Field Study & Monitoring; Remote Sensing | Petroleum Spills; Primary Production |
[No author name available]. 2004. Wastewater, polluted runoff may cause coral reef destruction. Water Environment and Technology 16:8. | 2004 | Florida | Agriculture; Corallivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Snails & Conch; Wastewater Discharge | |
Anthony, K. R. N., P. V. Ridd, A. R. Orpin, P. Larcombe, and J. Lough. 2004. Temporal variation of light availability in coastal benthic habitats: Effects of clouds, turbidity, and tides. Limnology and Oceanography 49:2201-2211. | 2004 | Light; Non-point Source Runoff | ||
Avasthi, A. 2004. Releasing Nemo proves a disaster for native fish. New Scientist 183:13. | 2004 | Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Ballast Discharge; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invasive Species | ||
Barile, P. J. 2004. Evidence of anthropogenic nitrogen enrichment of the littoral waters of east central Florida. Journal of Coastal Research 20:1237-1245. | 2004 | Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); India | Index or Indicator | Algae; Discharges; Fleshy Macroalgae; Improved Technology; Marine Worms; Nutrients; Ports & Harbors; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge |
Cornish, A. S. and E. M. DiDonato. 2004. Resurvey of a reef flat in American Samoa after 85 years reveals devastation to a soft coral (Alcyonacea) community. Marine Pollution Bulletin 48:768-777. | 2004 | Samoa; American Samoa | Discharges; Octocoral; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge | |
Cosgrove, J., D. Walker, P. Morrison, and K. Hillman. 2004. Periphyton indicate effects of wastewater discharge in the near-coastal zone, Perth (Western Australia). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 61:331-338. | 2004 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Index or Indicator | Discharges; Nutrients; Plankton; Primary Production; Wastewater Discharge |
Dollar, S.J., R.W. Grigg. 2004. Anthropogenic and Natural Stresses on Selected Coral Reefs in Hawai'i: A Multidecade Synthesis of Impact and Recovery. Pacific Science 58:281-304. | 2004 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring | Hotel & Food Services; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation |
Fabricius, K. E. and G. De'ath. 2004. Identifying ecological change and its causes: A case study on coral reefs. Ecological Applications 14:1448-1465. | 2004 | Australia | Model | Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Octocoral; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Gardinali, P. R., M. D. Plasencia, and C. Maxey. 2004. Occurrence and transport of Irgarol 1051 and its major metabolite in coastal waters from South Florida. Marine Pollution Bulletin 49:1072-1083. | 2004 | Florida | Model | Algae; Docks & Marinas; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Primary Production; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Goldberg, J. and C. Wilkinson. 2004. Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2004. | 2004 | Global | Agriculture; Climate; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Seastars; Sediment | |
Inoue, M., A. Suzuki, M. Nohara, H. Kan, A. Edward, and H. Kawahata. 2004. Coral skeletal tin and copper concentrations at Pohnpei, Micronesia: Possible index for marine pollution by toxic anti-biofouling paints. Environmental Pollution 129:399-407. | 2004 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Japan; Micronesia | Index or Indicator | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral; Waterborne Discharges |
Jokiel, P. L., E. K. Brown, A. Friedlander, S. K. Rodgers, and W. R. Smith. 2004. Hawai'i Coral Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program: Spatial patterns and temporal dynamics in reef coral communities. Pacific Science 58:159-174. | 2004 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring | Complex Habitat & Resources; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Stony Coral |
Klosowska, B. B., S. R. Troelstra, J. E. Van Hinte, D. Beets, K. Van Der Borg, and A. F. M. De Jong. 2004. Late holocene environmental reconstruction of St. Michiel saline lagoon, Curacao (Dutch Antilles). Radiocarbon 46:765-774. | 2004 | Antilles; Europe | Agriculture; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Deforestation & Devegetation; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment; Skeletal Coral | |
Kwong, J. and J. Kalani. 2004. Microtunnelling required for ocean outfall beneath coral reefs. Water and Wastewater International 19:12-Nov. | 2004 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean | Construction Codes & Projects; Improved Technology; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Lapointe, B. E., P. J. Barile, and W. R. Matzie. 2004. Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment of seagrass and coral reef communities in the Lower Florida Keys: Discrimination of local versus regional nitrogen sources. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 308:23-58. | 2004 | Global; Florida | Agriculture; Algae; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Latypov, YU .Y A. 2004. Reef-building corals and reefs of Vietnam: 2. The Gulf of Tonkin. Russian Journal of Marine Biology 29. | 2004 | Vietnam | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Laws, E. A., D. Brown, and C. Peace. 2004. Coastal water quality in the Kihei and Lahaina districts of the island of Maui, Hawaiian Islands. Impacts from physical habitat and groundwater seepage: Implications for water quality standards. International Journal of Environment and Pollution 22:531-546. | 2004 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Beaches & Nature Parks; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Lin, J.-Y., S. Huang, S.-H. Chen, W.-C. Chen, and S. L. Yu. 2004. A BMP system for A clay mining facility in Taiwan. Pages 477-485 in Proceedings of the 2004 World Water and Environmetal Resources Congress: Critical Transitions in Water and Environmetal Resources Management. | 2004 | Taiwan | Field Study & Monitoring | Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands |
Liu, Y., H. Qiang, and Z. Zhu. 2004. Silk-proof measures. International Water Power and Dam Construction 56:18-20. | 2004 | Non-point Source Runoff | ||
Loya, Y. 2004. Coral Reef Health and Diease. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. | 2004 | Review | Aquaculture; Discharges; Nutrients; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | |
Moreira, S. M., M. Moreira-Santos, R. Ribeiro, and L. Guilhermino. 2004. The 'Coral Bulker' fuel oil spill on the north coast of portugal: Spatial and temporal biomarker responses in Mytilus galloprovincialis. Ecotoxicology 13:619-630. | 2004 | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Petroleum Spills; Waterborne Discharges | |
Nowak, R. 2004. Sewage nutrients fuel coral disease. New Scientist 181:13-Dec. | 2004 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Agriculture; Algae; Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens | |
Orpin, A. R., P. V. Ridd, S. Thomas, K. R. N. Anthony, P. Marshall, and J. Oliver. 2004. Natural turbidity variability and weather forecasts in risk management of anthropogenic sediment discharge near sensitive environments. Marine Pollution Bulletin 49:602-612. | 2004 | Australia | Coastal Development; Discharges; Sediment | |
Pereira, M. A. M. and P. M. B. Goncalves. 2004. Effects of the 2000 southern Mozambique floods on a marginal coral community: The case at Xai-Xai. African Journal of Aquatic Science 29:113-116. | 2004 | Mozambique | Field Study & Monitoring | Algae; Coralline Algae; Discharges; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertebrates; Octocoral; Salinity; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Turf Algae |
Ramos, A. A., Y. Inoue, and S. Ohde. 2004. Metal contents in Porites corals: Anthropogenic input of river run-off into a coral reef from an urbanized area, Okinawa. Marine Pollution Bulletin 48:281-294. | 2004 | Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Salgado-Barragan, J., N. Mendez, and A. Toledano-Granados. 2004. Ficopomatus miamiensis (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) and Styela canopus (Ascidiacea: Styelidae), non-native species in Urias estuary, SE Gulf of California, Mexico. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 45:167-173. | 2004 | South & Central America; Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Panama; Mexico | Ballast Discharge; Invasive Species; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Worms | |
Semmens, B. X., E. R. Buhle, A. K. Salomon, and C. V. Pattengill-Semmens. 2004. A hotspot of non-native marine fishes: Evidence for the aquarium trade as an invasion pathway. Marine Ecology Progress Series 266:239-244. | 2004 | Florida | Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Ballast Discharge; Environmental Education & Outreach; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Fish; Invasive Species; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Social Organizations | |
Stedman, L. 2004. A Unanimous Vote of confidence? Pages 31-32 Water 21. | 2004 | Global | Ballast Discharge; Cruise Ships; Docks & Marinas; Invasive Species; Light; Wastewater Discharge | |
Tibbetts, J. 2004. The state of the oceans, part 2: delving deeper into the sea's bounty. Environmental Health Perspectives 112:A472-481. | 2004 | Global | Index or Indicator | Agriculture; Biomedical Research Policies; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources |
van Beukering, P. J. H. and H. S. J. Cesar. 2004. Ecological economic modeling of coral reefs: Evaluating tourist overuse at Hanauma Bay and algae blooms at the Kīhei Coast, Hawai'i. Pacific Science 58:243-260. | 2004 | Model | Algae; Discharges; Hotel & Food Services; Mitigation; Monetary Valuation; Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation | |
Vennin, E., J.-M. Rouchy, C. Chaix, M.-M. Blanc-Valleron, A. Caruso, and V. Rommevau. 2004. Paleoecological constraints on reef-coral morphologies in the Tortonian - Early Messinian of the Lorca Basin, SE Spain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 213:163-185. | 2004 | Global; Spain | Algae; Coralline Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Walsh, J. P., C. A. Nittrouer, C. M. Palinkas, A. S. Ogston, R. W. Sternberg, and G. J. Brunskill. 2004. Clinoform mechanics in the Gulf of Papua, New Guinea. Continental Shelf Research 24:2487-2510. | 2004 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring | Discharges; Mangroves; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level |
Watanabe, K., K. Sugiyama, and A. Nakamura. 2004. A concept of distributed compact AUV groups for the continuous monitoring of coastal sea environment. Pages 511-516 in Ocean '04 - MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04: Bridges across the Oceans - Conference Proceedings. | 2004 | Field Study & Monitoring | Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Small Boats; Waterborne Discharges | |
[No author name available]. 2003. News: Barents Sea under threat from oil developments. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46:681-682. | 2003 | Corporate Responses; Marine Birds; Oil & Gas Industry; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Whales & Dolphins | ||
[No author name available]. 2003. Oceans 2003 MTS/IEEE Proceedings. in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). | 2003 | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Wastewater Discharge; Whales & Dolphins | |
Alibert, C., L. Kinsley, S. J. Fallon, M. T. McCulloch, R. Berkelmans, and F. McAllister. 2003. Source of trace element variability in Great Barrier Reef corals affected by the Burdekin flood plumes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67:231-246. | 2003 | Australia | Discharges; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Allen, J. P., M. Nelson, and A. Alling. 2003. The legacy of biosphere 2 for the study of biospherics and closed ecological systems. Advances in Space Research 31:1629-1639. | 2003 | Global; Columbia | Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Model | Agriculture; Artificial Habitat; CO2; Nutrients; Pathogens; Toxics; Wastewater Discharge |
Allison, G. W., S. D. Gaines, J. Lubchenco, and H. P. Possingham. 2003. Ensuring persistence of marine reserves: Catastrophes require adopting an insurance factor. Ecological Applications 13. | 2003 | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Pathogens; Petroleum Spills; Storms & Hurricanes | |
Bandara, N. J. G. J. 2003. Water and wastewater related issues in Sri Lanka. Water Science and Technology 47:305-312. | 2003 | Sri Lanka | Agriculture; Irrigation; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Petroleum Spills; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges | |
Barnes, D. J., R. B. Taylor, and J. M. Lough. 2003. Measurement of luminescence in coral skeletons. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 295:91-106. | 2003 | Agriculture; Civil Engineering & Construction; Discharges; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Cesar, H., L. Burke, L. Pet-Soede. 2003. The economics of worldwide coral reef degradation. Cesar Environmental Economics Consulting, Arnhem, Netherlands. | 2003 | Climate; Finfish Harvest; Monetary Valuation; Non-point Source Runoff; Tourism & Recreation | ||
Cheevaporn, V. and P. Menasveta. 2003. Water pollution and habitat degradation in the Gulf of Thailand. Marine Pollution Bulletin 47:43-51. | 2003 | Thailand | Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Tankers; Plankton; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges | |
Corda, L. and M. Brandano. 2003. Aphotic zone carbonate production on a Miocene ramp, Central Apennines, Italy. Sedimentary Geology 161:55-70. | 2003 | Model | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment | |
Daby, D. 2003. Some quantitative aspects of seagrass ecology in a coastal lagoon of Mauritius. Marine Biology 142:193-203. | 2003 | Mauritius | GIS & Maps | Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Molluscs; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment |
Donohue, M. J. 2003. How multiagency partnerships can successfully address large-scale pollution problems: A Hawaii case study. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46:700-702. | 2003 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean | Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Debris; Mitigation; Resource Use Management; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waterborne Discharges |
Edgar, G. J., P. A. Marshall, and P. Mooney. 2003. The effect of the Jessica grounding on Galapagos reef fish communities adjacent to the wreck site. Marine Pollution Bulletin 47:296-302. | 2003 | Algae; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Fish; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Small Herbivorous Fish | ||
Edmundson, J. A., T. M. Willette, J. M. Edmundson, D. C. Schmidt, S. R. Carlson, B. G. Bue, and K. E. Tarbox. 2003. Sockeye Salmon Overescapement (Kenai River Component). Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Restoration Project Final Report. | 2003 | Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Non-point Source Runoff; Petroleum Spills; Plankton; Primary Production; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Finkl, C. W. and R. H. Charlier. 2003. Sustainability of Subtropical Coastal Zones in Southeastern Florida: Challenges for Urbanized Coastal Environments Threatened by Development, Pollution, Water Supply, and Storm Hazards. Journal of Coastal Research 19:934-943. | 2003 | Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Cuba | Model | Agriculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharges; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Remediation; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water; Wetlands |
Galindo-Riano, M. D., L. Castellon, K. Gonzalez, and M. Garcia-Vargas. 2003. Development and optimization of a digestion method for heavy metal determination in scleractinian corals by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) [Desarrollo y optimizacion de un ḿetodo de digestion para la determinacion de metales pesados en corales. Ciencias Marinas 29:413-424. | 2003 | Sediment; Stony Coral; Waterborne Discharges | ||
Gittings, S. R., K. Benson, L. Takata, and K. Witman. 2003. Conservation science in the National Marine Sanctuary Program. Marine Technology Society Journal 37:9-May. | 2003 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Petroleum Spills; Whales & Dolphins |
Golbuu, Y., S. Victor, E. Wolanski, and R. H. Richmond. 2003. Trapping of fine sediment in a semi-enclosed bay, Palau, Micronesia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 57:941-949. | 2003 | Palau; Micronesia | Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Griggs, E. M., L. R. Kump, and J. K. Bohlke. 2003. The fate of wastewater-derived nitrate in the subsurface of the Florida Keys: Key Colony Beach, Florida. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 58:517-539. | 2003 | Florida | Field Study & Monitoring | Discharges; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge |
Hendy, E. J., J. M. Lough, and M. K. Gagan. 2003. Historical mortality in massive Porites from the central Great Barrier Reef, Australia: Evidence for past environmental stress? Coral Reefs 22:207-215. | 2003 | Australia | Boring Sponges; Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sponges; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Hendy, E. J., M. K. Gagan, and J. M. Lough. 2003. Chronological control of coral records using luminescent lines and evidence for non-stationary ENSO teleconnections in northeast Australia. Holocene 13:187-199. | 2003 | Australia | Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Hoitink, A. J. F. 2003. Physics of coral reef systems in a shallow tidal embayment. Nederlandse Geografische Studies 313:11-141. | 2003 | Global | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Discharges; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Permitting & Zoning; Salinity; Sediment; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Jompa, J. and L. J. McCook. 2003. Contrasting effects of turf algae on corals: Massive Porites spp. are unaffected by mixed-species turfs, but killed by the red alga Anotrichium tenue. Marine Ecology Progress Series 258:79-86. | 2003 | Australia | Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral; Turf Algae | |
Kelsey, R. H., G. I. Scott, D. E. Porter, B. Thompson, and L. Webster. 2003. Using multiple antibiotic resistance and land use charactertistics to determine sources of fecal coliform bacterial pollution. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 81:337-348. | 2003 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Model; Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps | Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Kemp, A. E. S., D. N. Langhorne, I. J. Fairchild, T. S. Schmitt, and E. G. Nisbet. 2003. Evidence for abrupt climate changes in annually laminated marine sediments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 361:1851-1870. | 2003 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment | |
Langer, M. R. and J. H. Lipps. 2003. Foraminiferal distribution and diversity, Madang Reef and Lagoon, Papua New Guinea. Coral Reefs 22:143-154. | 2003 | Papua New Guinea | Index or Indicator | Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ports & Harbors; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Leichter, J.J., H.L. Stewart, S. Miller. 2003. Episodic nutrient transport to Florida coral reefs. Limnology and Oceanography 48:1394-1407. | 2003 | Florida | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Lemmens, S. 2003. Periphyton collectors as a tool to measure environmental performance of ocean outlets. Water Science and Technology 47:125-131. | 2003 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Algae; Artificial Habitat; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Chemical Use Regulations; Collaboration & Partnering; Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Primary Production; Seagrasses; Wastewater Discharge |
Mamboya, F. A., H. B. Pratap, and M. Bjork. 2003. Heavy metal contamination in the Western Indian Ocean (a review). Page 1437 in Journal De Physique. IV : JP. | 2003 | Indian Ocean; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Mauritius; Reunion; India | Review; Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation |
McLaughlin, C. J., C. A. Smith, R. W. Buddemeier, J. D. Bartley, and B. A. Maxwell. 2003. Rivers, runoff, and reefs. Global and Planetary Change 39:191-199. | 2003 | Global | GIS & Maps | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2003. Waste Treatment Lagoon. CODE 359. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. | 2003 | Domestic Animal Waste; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Page, M. C., G. R. Dickens, and G. B. Dunbar. 2003. Tropical view of Quaternary sequence stratigraphy: Siliciclastic accumulation on slopes east of the Great Barrier Reef since the Last Glacial Maximum. Geology 31:1013-1016. | 2003 | Australia | Model | Climate; Discharges; Plankton; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Perry, C. T. 2003. Reef development at Inhaca Island, Mozambique: Coral communities and impacts of the 1999/2000 southern African floods. Ambio 32:134-139. | 2003 | Indian Ocean; Mozambique; India | Discharges; Sediment | |
Rayment, G. E. 2003. Water quality in sugar catchments of Queensland. Water Science and Technology 48:35-47. | 2003 | Australia | Review; Index or Indicator | Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Irrigation; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Rocha, L. A. 2003. Patterns of distribution and processes of speciation in Brazilian reef fishes. Journal of Biogeography 30:1161-1171. | 2003 | South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean | Discharges; Fish; Sediment; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Runghen, H., M. Bhuruth, S. D. D. V. Rughooputh, and H. C. S. Rughooputh. 2003. Oil spill information system for mauritius: Oil spill shoreline sensitivity mapping & analysis. Pages 450-455 in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology. | 2003 | Mauritius | Model; GIS & Maps | Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Petroleum Spills |
Runnalls, L. A. and M. L. Coleman. 2003. Record of natural and anthropogenic changes in reef environments (Barbados West Indies) using laser ablation ICP-MS and sclerochronology on coral cores. Coral Reefs 22:416-426. | 2003 | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Waterborne Discharges | ||
Sandweiss, D. H. 2003. Terminal Pleistocene through Mid-Holocene archaeological sites as paleoclimatic archives for the Peruvian coast. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 194:23-40. | 2003 | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Thattai, D. V. and B. Kjerfve. 2003. Numerical modeling of tidal and wind-driven circulation in the Meso-American barrier reef lagoon, Western Caribbean. in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). | 2003 | South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean | Model | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Piscivorous Fish; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Thattai, D., B. Kjerfve, and W. D. Heyman. 2003. Hydrometeorology and variability of water discharge and sediment load in the inner gulf of Honduras, western Caribbean. Journal of Hydrometeorology 4:985-995. | 2003 | South & Central America; Honduras; Caribbean | Model; Index or Indicator | Agriculture; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Thomas, S., P. V. Ridd, and G. Day. 2003. Turbidity regimes over fringing coral reefs near a mining site at Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46:1006-1014. | 2003 | Papua New Guinea | Discharges; Mining; Sediment | |
Van De Schootbrugge, B., O. Kuhn, T. Adatte, P. Steinmann, and K. Follmi. 2003. Decoupling of P- And Corg-burial following Early Cretaceous (Valanginian-Hauterivian) platform drowning along the NW Tethyan margin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 199:315-331. | 2003 | Global | GIS & Maps | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Vargas-Angel, B. 2003. Coral community structure off the Pacific coast of Colombia: Onshore vs offshore coral reefs. Atoll Research Bulletin 21-Jan. | 2003 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Complex Habitat & Resources; Discharges; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Turf Algae | |
Ziegler, A. M., G. Eshel, P. McAllister Rees, T. A. Rothfus, D. B. Rowley, and D. Sunderlin. 2003. Tracing the tropics across land and sea: Permian to present. Lethaia 36:227-254. | 2003 | Review; Model | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment | |
Carruthers, T. J. B., W. C. Dennison, B. J. Longstaff, M. Waycott, E. G. Abal, L. J. McKenzie, and W. J. Lee Long. 2002. Seagrass habitats of northeast Australia: Models of key processes and controls. Bulletin of Marine Science 71:1153-1169. | 2002 | Australia | Model | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Dupraz, C. and A. Strasser. 2002. Nutritional modes in coral-microbialite reefs (Jurassic, Oxfordian, Switzerland): Evolution of trophic structure as a response to environmental change. Palaios 17:449-471. | 2002 | Model | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment | |
Edinger, E. N., P. Copper, M. J. Risk, and W. Atmojo. 2002. Oceanography and reefs of recent and Paleozoic tropical epeiric seas. Facies 127-150. | 2002 | Java | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Fallon, S. J., J. C. White, and M. T. McCulloch. 2002. Porites corals as recorders of mining and environmental impacts: Misima Island, Papua New Guinea. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 66:45-62. | 2002 | Papua New Guinea | Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Stony Coral | |
Gartner, A., P. Lavery, and A. J. Smit. 2002. Use of δ15N signatures of different functional forms of macroalgae and filter-feeders to reveal temporal and spatial patterns in sewage dispersal. Marine Ecology Progress Series 235:63-73. | 2002 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Algae; Nutrients; Sewage Treatment; Sponges; Wastewater Discharge |
Guzman, H. M. and C. A. Guevara. 2002. Annual reproductive cycle, spatial distribution, abundance, and size structure of Oreaster reticulatus (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Marine Biology 141:1077-1084. | 2002 | Panama | Index or Indicator | Aquarium & Pet Trade; Echinoderms; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Seastars; Sediment; Souvenir & Decorative Trade |
Guzman, H. M. and E. M. Garcia. 2002. Mercury levels in coral reefs along the Caribbean coast of Central America. Marine Pollution Bulletin 44:1415-1420. | 2002 | South & Central America; Costa Rica; Panama; Caribbean | Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Stony Coral; Toxics | |
Haynes, D. and D. Kwan. 2002. Trace metals in sediments from Torres Strait and the Gulf of Papua: Concentrations, distribution and water circulation patterns. Marine Pollution Bulletin 44:1309-1313. | 2002 | Australia | Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Heron, M. L., D. M. Burrage, and A. Prytz. 2002. Terrigenous runoff in the tropics observed with a scanning low frequency radiometer. Pages 2008-2013 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). | 2002 | Australia | GIS & Maps | Agriculture; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands |
Hutchings, P. A., R. W. Hilliard, and S. L. Coles. 2002. Species introductions and potential for marine pest invasions into tropical marine communities, with special reference to the Indo-Pacific. Pacific Science 56:223-233. | 2002 | South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Indonesia; Philippines; Caribbean | Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Docks & Marinas; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Finfish Harvest; Invasive Species; Large Ships; Military; Pathogens; Ports & Harbors; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Small Boats | |
Lambert, G. 2002. Nonindigenous Ascidians in tropical waters. Pacific Science 56:291-298. | 2002 | South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Palau; Guam; Caribbean; Mexico | Field Study & Monitoring | Ballast Discharge; Coastal Defense; Docks & Marinas; Invasive Species; Military; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Rigs; Plankton; Ports & Harbors; Salinity |
Lipp, E. K., J. L. Jarrell, D. W. Griffin, J. Lukasik, J. Jacukiewicz, and J. B. Rose. 2002. Preliminary evidence for human fecal contamination in corals of the Florida Keys, USA. Marine Pollution Bulletin 44:666-670. | 2002 | Florida | Index or Indicator | Microorganisms; Wastewater Discharge |
Lough, J. M., D. J. Barnes, and F. A. McAllister. 2002. Luminescent lines in corals from the Great Barrier Reef provide spatial and temporal records of reefs affected by land runoff. Coral Reefs 21:333-343. | 2002 | Australia | Model | Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level |
McClanahan, T. R. 2002. The near future of coral reefs. Environmental Conservation 29:460-483. | 2002 | Global | Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Resource Use Management; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Snails & Conch; Water Depth & Sea Level; Zooxanthellae | |
Mohammed, S. M. 2002. Pollution management in Zanzibar: The need for a new approach. Ocean and Coastal Management 45:301-311. | 2002 | Discharges; Mangroves; Pathogens; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Morrison-Gardiner, S. 2002. Dominant fungi from Australian coral reefs. Fungal Diversity 9:105-121. | 2002 | Australia | Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Substrate | |
Mwashote, B. M. and I. O. Jumba. 2002. Quantitative aspects of inorganic nutrient fluxes in the Gazi Bay (Kenya): Implications for coastal ecosystems. Marine Pollution Bulletin 44:1194-1205. | 2002 | Kenya | Discharges; Mangroves; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Nyberg, J. 2002. Luminescence intensity in coral skeletons from Mona Island in the Caribbean sea and its Link to precipitation and wind speed. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 360:749-766. | 2002 | South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean | Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral | |
Paulay, G., L. Kirkendale, G. Lambert, and C. Meyer. 2002. Anthropogenic biotic interchange in a coral reef ecosystem: A case study from Guam. Pacific Science 56:403-422. | 2002 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Micronesia; Guam | Ballast Discharge; Complex Habitat & Resources; Docks & Marinas; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Invasive Species; Military; Ports & Harbors; Tourism & Recreation | |
Poff, N. L., M. M. Brinson, and J. W. Day. 2002. Aquatic ecosystems & global climate change. | 2002 | Global | Model | Algae; Climate; CO2; Fish; Invasive Species; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetlands |
Precht, W. F., A. W. Bruckner, R. B. Aronson, and R. J. Bruckner. 2002. Endangered acroporid corals of the Caribbean. Coral Reefs 21:41-42. | 2002 | South & Central America; Florida; Bahamas; Caribbean | Algae; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Boating Regulations; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes | |
Renken, R. A., W. C. Ward, I. P. Gill, F. Gomez-Gomez, and J. Rodriguez-Martinez. 2002. Geology and hydrogeology of the Caribbean Islands aquifer system of the commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 1-139. | 2002 | South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico; Caribbean | Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps | Climate; Discharges; Irrigation; Non-point Source Runoff; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetlands |
Rushton, B. 2002. Treatment of Storm water Runoff from an Agricultural Basin by a Wet-Detention Pond in Ruskin, Florida, Final Report, Southwest Florida Management District. | 2002 | Florida | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Samkutty, P. J. and R. H. Gough. 2002. Filtration treatment of dairy processing wastewater. Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering 37:195-199. | 2002 | Lab Study | Wastewater Discharge | |
Strecker, Eric W.; Quigley, Marcus M.; Urbonas, Ben. 2002. How Well Do BMPs Work? A Guidance Manual for Meeting the National Stormwater BMP Database Requirements and an Update on BMP Effectiveness. Pages 172-188 in Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation. | 2002 | Field Study & Monitoring | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Turgeon, D. D., R. G. Asch, B. D. Causey, R. E. Dodge, W. Jaap, K. Banks, J. Delaney, B. D. Keller, R. Speiler, C. A. Matos, J. R. Garcia, E. Diaz, D. Catanzaro, C. S. Rogers, Z. Hillis-Starr, R. Nemeth, M. Taylor, G. P. Schmahl, M. W. Miller, D. A. Gulko, J. E. Maragos, A. M. Friedlander, C. L. Hunter, R. S. Brainard, P. Craig, R. H. Richond, G. Davis, J. Starmer, M. Trianni, P. Houk, C. E. Birkeland, A. Edward, Y. Golbuu, J. Gutierrez, N. Idechong, G. Paulay, A. Tafileichig, and N. V. Velde. 2002. The state of coral reef ecosystems of the United States and Pacific Freely Associated States: 2002. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Ocean Service/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD. | 2002 | Global; Florida; US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico; US Pacific & Hawaii; Samoa; Guam | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Climate; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Invasive Species; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation | |
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2002. Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Manual. EPA/625/R-00/008, US EPA. | 2002 | Sewage Treatment; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Vanderploeg, H. A., T. F. Nalepa, D. J. Jude, E. L. Mills, K. T. Holeck, J. R. Liebig, I. A. Grigorovich, and H. Ojaveer. 2002. Dispersal and emerging ecological impacts of Ponto-Caspian species in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59:1209-1228. | 2002 | GIS & Maps | Algae; Ballast Discharge; Cyanobacteria; Fish; Microorganisms; Plankton; Substrate | |
Whitfield, P. E., T. Gardner, S. P. Vives, M. R. Gilligan, W. R. Courtenay Jr., G. C. Ray, and J. A. Hare. 2002. Biological invasion of the Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois volitans along the Atlantic coast of North America. Marine Ecology Progress Series 235:289-297. | 2002 | Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Bermuda | Ballast Discharge; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Fish; Invasive Species | |
Board, M.S. 2001. Vortechnics Treatment of Parking Lot Runoff, Thesis. | 2001 | Impervious Surfaces; Non-point Source Runoff | ||
Brodie, J., C. Christie, M. Devlin, D. Haynes, S. Morris, M. Ramsay, J. Waterhouse, and H. Yorkston. 2001. Catchment management and the Great Barrier Reef. Water Science and Technology 43:203-211. | 2001 | Australia | Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment | |
Chaston, K.A.V. 2001. Sediment Nutrient Bioavailability in a Sub-tropical Catchment Dominated by Agriculture: The transition from Land to Sea. PhD Thesis. University of Queensland. | 2001 | Australia | Agriculture; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Done, T. J. 2001. Useful science for coral reef management: The cooperative research centre model. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:309-315. | 2001 | Australia | Model; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Ballast Discharge; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Seastars; Special Use Permitting; Wastewater Discharge |
Fursich, F. T., R. Berndt, T. Scheuer, and M. Gahr. 2001. Comparative ecological analysis of Toarcian (Lower Jurassic)benthic faunas from southern France and east-central Spain. Lethaia 34:169-202. | 2001 | Spain; France | Bivalves; Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate | |
Ginsburg, R. N., E. Gischler, and W. E. Kiene. 2001. Partial mortality of massive reef-building corals: An index of patch reef condition, Florida Reef Tract. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:1149-1173. | 2001 | Florida | Index or Indicator | Boating Activities; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes |
Harborne, A. R., D. C. Afzal, and M. J. Andrews. 2001. Honduras: Caribbean Coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42:1221-1235. | 2001 | South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Caribbean; Mexico | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Coastal Development; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Infrastructure; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Special Use Permitting; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management Policies; Wetlands |
James, N. P., G. M. Narbonne, and T. K. Kyser. 2001. Late Neoproterozoic cap carbonates: Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada: Precipitation and global glacial meltdown. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38:1229-1262. | 2001 | Global | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment | |
MacDonald, L. H., R. W. Sampson, and D. M. Anderson. 2001. Runoff and road erosion at the plot and road segment scales, St John, US Virgin Islands. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 26:251-272. | 2001 | US Virgin Islands | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Transportation Policies | |
McCook, L. J. 2001. Competition between corals and algal turfs along a gradient of terrestrial influence in the nearshore central Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 19:419-425. | 2001 | Australia | Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral | |
Mitchell, A. W., J. R. Reghenzani, and M. J. Furnas. 2001. Nitrogen levels in the Tully River - A long-term view. Water Science and Technology 43:99-105. | 2001 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Collaboration & Partnering; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Morelock, J., W. R. Ram�rez, A. W. Bruckner, and M. Carlo. 2001. Status of coral reefs southwest Puerto Rico. Caribbean Journal of Science pp.57. | 2001 | Puerto Rico | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Obura, D. O. 2001. Kenya. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42:1264-1278. | 2001 | Indian Ocean; Somalia; Kenya; India | Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Coastal Development; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector; Infrastructure; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Special Use Permitting; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation |
Pache, M., J. Reitner, and G. Arp. 2001. Geochemical evidence for the formation of a large miocene \Travertine\" mound at a sublacustrine spring in a soda lake (Wellerstein Castle Rock, Nordlinger Ries, Germany)". Facies 211-230. | 2001 | Germany | CO2; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Pedersen, M. and P. Snoeijs. 2001. Patterns of macroalgal diversity, community composition and long-term changes along the swedish west coast. Hydrobiologia 459:83-102. | 2001 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Phinney, J. T., F. Muller-Karger, P. Dustan, and J. Sobel. 2001. Using remote sensing to reassess the mass mortality of Diadema antillarum 1983-1984. Conservation Biology 15:885-891. | 2001 | South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Bermuda; Caribbean; Mexico | GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing | Ballast Discharge; Pathogens; Sea Urchins |
Shigenaka, G. 2001. Toxicity of Oil to Reef-Building Corals: A spill response perspective, NOAA technical memorandum NOS OR&R 8. | 2001 | Petroleum Spills; Primary Production; Stony Coral | ||
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2001. Better Assessment Science Integrating Point & Nonpoint Sources. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 2001 | Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Urbonas, B. and Doerfer, J. 2001. �Testing of an Underground Stormwater Treatment Vault in Denver, Colorado, USA�, Innovative Technologies in Urban Drainage, Proceedings 4th International Conference � Novatech 2001, Lyon, France. | 2001 | France | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
West, T, Sutherland, J., Bloomfield, J., Lake, D. 2001. Final Report, A Study of the Effectiveness of a Vortechs Stormwater Treatment System of Removal of Total Suspended Solids and Other Pollutants in the Marine Village Watershed, Village of Lake George, New York. | 2001 | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Zinke, J., J. J. G. Reijmer, and B. A. Thomassin. 2001. Seismic architecture and sediment distribution within the Holocene barrier reef-lagoon complex of Mayotte (Comoro archipelago, SW Indian Ocean). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 175:343-368. | 2001 | Indian Ocean; Mayotte; India | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Adjeroud, M. 2000. Zonation of macrobenthic communities along two bays in an insular coral reef ecosystem (Moorea, French Polynesia) [Zonation des communautes macrobenthiques le long de deux baies d'un ecosysteme corallien insulaire (Moorea, Polynesie francaise)]. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences - Serie III 323:305-313. | 2000 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Algae; Discharges; Echinoderms; Molluscs; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Agard, J. B. R. and J. F. Gobin. 2000. The Lesser Antilles, Trinidad and Tobago. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 1 627-641. | 2000 | South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Antilles; British Virgin Islands; St. Lucia; Trinidad; Tobago; Martinique; Venezuela; Guyana; Caribbean | Apex Fish Predators; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Deforestation & Devegetation; Docks & Marinas; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Land & Air Transportation; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Snails & Conch; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges; Whales & Dolphins | |
Cavanagh, J. E., K. A. Burns, G. J. Brunskill, D. A. J. Ryan, and J. T. Ahokas. 2000. Induction of hepatic cytochrome P-450 1A in Pikey Bream (Acanthopagrus berda) collected from agricultural and urban catchments in Far North Queensland. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41:377-384. | 2000 | Australia | Index or Indicator | Agriculture; Boating Activities; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Comings, K.J., Booth, D.B., and R.R. Horner. 2000. Storm Water Pollutant Removal by Two Wet Ponds in Bellevue, Washington, April. Journal of Environmental Engineering | 2000 | Impervious Surfaces; Non-point Source Runoff; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Costa O.S., JR ., Z. M. A. N. Leao, M. Nimmo, and M. J. Attrill. 2000. Nutrification impacts on coral reefs from northern Bahia, Brazil. Hydrobiologia 440:307-315. | 2000 | Algae; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Cotsapas, L., S. A. Zengel, and E. J. Barraza. 2000. El Salvador. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 1 545-558. | 2000 | Agriculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Debrot, A. O. and J. Sybesma. 2000. The Dutch Antilles. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 1 595-614. | 2000 | South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean | GIS & Maps | Coastal Development; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Health Policies; Infrastructural Policies; Littering; Mangroves; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Solid Waste Disposal; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges |
Edgar, G. J. and N. S. Barrett. 2000. Impact of the Iron Baron oil spill on subtidal reef assemblages in Tasmania. Marine Pollution Bulletin 40:36-49. | 2000 | Field Study & Monitoring | Algae; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Invertebrates; Petroleum Spills | |
Edinger, E. and D. R. Browne. 2000. Continental seas of western Indonesia. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 381-404. | 2000 | Southeast Asia; China; Java; Indonesia | Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Housing; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Littering; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Solid Waste Disposal; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Epstein, N., R. P. M. Bak, and B. Rinkevich. 2000. Toxicity of third generation dispersants and dispersed Egyptian crude oil on Red Sea coral larvae. Marine Pollution Bulletin 40:497-503. | 2000 | Egypt | Complex Habitat & Resources; Octocoral; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | |
Esler, D., T. D. Bowman, T. A. Dean, C. E. O'Clair, S. C. Jewett, and L. L. McDonald. 2000. Correlates of Harlequin Duck densities during winter in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Condor 102:920-926. | 2000 | Petroleum Spills; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Frouin, P. 2000. Effects of anthropogenic disturbances of tropical soft-bottom benthic communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series 194:39-53. | 2000 | Marine Worms; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment | ||
Goldsworthy, S. D., R. P. Gales, M. Giese, and N. Brothers. 2000. Effects of the Iron Baron oil spill on little penguins (Eudyptula minor). I. Estimates of mortality. Wildlife Research 27:559-571. | 2000 | Australia | Petroleum Spills; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Gourbesville, PH . and B. A. Thomassin. 2000. Coastal environment assessment procedure for sustainable wastewater management in tropical islands: The Mayotte example. Ocean and Coastal Management 43:997-1014. | 2000 | Global; Indian Ocean; Comoros; Mayotte; India | Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Wastewater Discharge |
Harborne, A. R., M. D. McField, and E. K. Delaney. 2000. Belize. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 1 501-516. | 2000 | South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Caribbean; Mexico | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Aquaculture; Coastal Development; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Light; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment; Snails & Conch; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation |
Hardman-Mountford, N. J., K. A. Koranteng, and A. R. G. Price. 2000. The Gulf of Guinea Large Marine Ecosystem. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 1 773-796. | 2000 | Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Climate; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Solid Waste Disposal; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Whales & Dolphins | ||
Haynes, D. and J. E. Johnson. 2000. Organochlorine, heavy metal and polyaromatic hydrocarbon pollutant concentrations in the Great Barrier Reef (Australia) environment: A review. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41:267-278. | 2000 | Australia | Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics |
Heikoop, J. M., M. J. Risk, A. V. Lazier, E. N. Edinger, J. Jompa, G. V. Limmon, J. J. Dunn, D. R. Browne, and H. P. Schwarez. 2000. Nitrogen-15 signals of anthropogenic nutrient loading in reef corals. Marine Pollution Bulletin 40:628-363. | 2000 | Nutrients; Stony Coral; Wastewater Discharge; Zooxanthellae | ||
Huber, M. E. 2000. Torres Strait and the Gulf of Papua. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 593-610. | 2000 | Australia; Papua New Guinea | Agriculture; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Huber, M. E. and G. B. K. Baines. 2000. The Coral, Solomon and Bismarck Seas Region. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 425-446. | 2000 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu; New Caledonia; Papua New Guinea | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Discharges; Echinoderms; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Forestry; Mangroves; Molluscs; Point Source Discharges; Primary Production; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sediment; Wetlands |
Jeng, W.-L., C.-F. Dai, and K.-L. Fan. 2000. Taiwan Strait. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 499-512. | 2000 | China; Taiwan | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Non-point Source Runoff; Seawater Flow; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetlands |
Maragos, J. E. 2000. Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 791-812. | 2000 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Beaches & Nature Parks; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Golf Course Operations; Hotel & Food Services; Invasive Species; Marine Birds; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Military; Pathogens; Recreational Fishing; Scientific Research; Sea Turtles; Sediment; Special Use Permitting; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands |
Martin, C. E., B. Peucker-Ehrenbrink, G. J. Brunskill, and R. Szymczak. 2000. Sources and sinks of unradiogenic osmium runoff from Papua New Guinea. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 183:261-274. | 2000 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Papua New Guinea | Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Medeiros, C., M. O. Bezerra, and J. J. Martinez-Benjamin. 2000. Coastal changes and the role of mangrove and morphological features on the dynamics and productivity of the NE-Brazilian oceanic waters. European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP 1134-1138. | 2000 | Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps | Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Miao, X.-S., C. Swenson, L. A. Woodward, and Q. X. Li. 2000. Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in marine species from French Frigate Shoals, North Pacific Ocean. Science of the Total Environment 257:17-28. | 2000 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean | Field Study & Monitoring | Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Waterborne Discharges |
Myers, M. and M. Whittington. 2000. Mozambique. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 99-112. | 2000 | Indian Ocean; Mozambique; Madagascar; India | Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Negri, A. P. and A. J. Heyward. 2000. Inhibition of fertilization and larval metamorphosis of the coral Acropora millepora (Ehrenberg, 1834) by petroleum products. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41:420-427. | 2000 | Lab Study; Index or Indicator | Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | |
Nhan, D. D., N. X. Duc, D. H. Duong, N. T. Tiep, and B. C. Que. 2000. Vietnam and adjacent Bien Dong (South China Sea). Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 561-568. | 2000 | China; Vietnam | Agriculture; Algae; Aquaculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Plankton; Salinity | |
Owens, E. H., R. D. Martin, J. Michel, G. A. Sergy, J. A. Tarpley, and R. Yender. 2000. SCAT 2000 - A new generation of forms for the description and documentation of oiled shorelines. Pages 805-822 in Environment Canada Arctic and Marine Oil Spill Program Technical Seminar (AMOP) Proceedings. | 2000 | Columbia | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
Paul, J. H., M. R. McLaughlin, D. W. Griffin, E. K. Lipp, R. Stokes, and J. B. Rose. 2000. Rapid movement of wastewater from on-site disposal systems into surface waters in the Lower Florida Keys. Estuaries 23:662-668. | 2000 | Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean | Ports & Harbors; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge | |
Pollnac, R. B., J. W. McManus, A. E. Del Rosario, A. A. Banzon, S. G. Vergara, and M. L. G. Gorospe. 2000. Unexpected relationships between coral reef health and socio-economic pressures in the Philippines: Reef base/RAMP applied. Marine and Freshwater Research 51:529-533. | 2000 | Philippines | Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff | |
Rice, M. A., A. Valliere, and A. Caporelli. 2000. A review of shellfish restoration and management projects in Rhode Island. Journal of Shellfish Research 19:401-408. | 2000 | Review | Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Commercial Fisheries; Docks & Marinas; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Petroleum Spills; Ports & Harbors; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Richardson, B. J., P. K. S. Lam, and R. S. S. Wu. 2000. Hong Kong. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 535-547. | 2000 | China | Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Land & Air Transportation; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Wastewater Discharge | |
Roseth, R. 2000. Shell sand: A new filter medium for constructed wetlands and wastewater treatment. Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering 35:1335-1355. | 2000 | Norway | Sewage Treatment; Snails & Conch; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands | |
Stejskal, I. V. 2000. Obtaining Approvals for Oil and Gas Projects in Shallow Water Marine Areas in Western Australia using an Environmental Risk Assessment Framework. Spill Science and Technology Bulletin 6:69-76. | 2000 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Industry; Petroleum Spills |
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. The National Action Plan to Conserve Coral Reefs. Washington, D.C. | 2000 | Global | Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps | Agriculture; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation |
Vazquez, F., R. Rangel, A. M. Quintero-Marmol, J. Fernandez, E. Aguayo, A. Palacio, and V. K. Sharma. 2000. Southern Gulf of Mexico. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 1 467-482. | 2000 | South & Central America; Mexico | Banks, Credit, & Securities; Climate; Deforestation & Devegetation; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
Vierros, M. 2000. Jamaica. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 1 559-574. | 2000 | Jamaica | Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
Watkinson, C. J. 2000. Oil spill prevention and response initiatives in the Great Barrier Reef. Spill Science and Technology Bulletin 6:31-44. | 2000 | Australia | Large Ships; Monetary Valuation; Petroleum Spills; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing | |
Wei, G., M. Sun, X. Li, and B. Nie. 2000. Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and U/Ca ratios of a porites coral from Sanya Bay, Hainan Island, South China Sea and their relationships to sea surface temperature. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 162:59-74. | 2000 | China | Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral | |
Wolanski, E. and S. Spagnol. 2000. Pollution by mud of Great Barrier Reef coastal waters. Journal of Coastal Research 16:1151-1156. | 2000 | Florida; Australia | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Wong, P. P. 2000. Malacca Strait including Singapore and Johore Straits. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 331-344. | 2000 | Thailand; Malaysia; Southeast Asia; Indonesia | Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Commercial Fisheries; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Solid Waste Disposal; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands | |
Zann, L. P. 2000. Northeastern Australia: The Great Barrier Reef region. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 611-628. | 2000 | Australia | Model | Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Recreational Fishing; Seagrasses; Seastars; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage |
Zann, L. P. 2000. The Australian Region: An overview. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 579-592. | 2000 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia | Agriculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sea Temperatures; Seagrasses; Sediment | |
Zann, L. P. 2000. The Eastern Australian Region: A dynamic tropical/temperate biotone. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41:188-203. | 2000 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia | Agriculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
�1) Yu, S.; Earles, T.A., and G. Fitch [1998] ; 2) Earles, T.A. [1999]. 1999. 1) Constructed Wetlands for Stormwater Management.� Final Report, Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC)�99-R14 and 2) Earles, T. A.� 1999.� Mitigated Wetlands for the Control of Stormwater Runoff:� Monitoring and Management.� Dissertation, Unive. | 1999 | Field Study & Monitoring | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
[No author name available]. 1999. Proceedings of the 1999 Exploration and Production Environmental Conference, SPE/EPA. in SPE/EPA Exploration & Production Environmental Conference. | 1999 | Natural Gas & Electric Power; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Waterborne Discharges | ||
[No author name available]. 1999. Valdez sentence begins. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38:627. | 1999 | Littering; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills | ||
1999. Internal storm summary monitoring reports; also see Annual Compliance Report No. 4, Fourth Stormwater Monitoring Report, Fiscal Year 1998-1999, Prepared for Oregon Dept. of Env. Quality. | 1999 | Field Study & Monitoring | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Anderson, C. and M. Roche. 1999. Transporting the minerals industry into the next century: Environmental challenges at the Port of Townsville. Pages 252-268 in Mining into the next century : environmental opportunities and challenges. Proceedings of the 24th annual environmental workshop. Townsville, October 1999. | 1999 | Australia | Infrastructure; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Boyer, J. N., J. W. Fourqurean, and R. D. Jones. 1999. Seasonal and Long-term Trends in the Water Quality of Florida Bay (1989-1997). Estuaries 22:417-430. | 1999 | Florida | Index or Indicator | Non-point Source Runoff; Plankton; Salinity; Seagrasses; Seawater Flow |
Camoin, G. F., P. Gautret, L. F. Montaggioni, and G. Cabioch. 1999. Nature and environmental significance of microbialites in Quaternary reefs: The Tahiti paradox. Sedimentary Geology 126:271-304. | 1999 | Algae; Coralline Algae; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Stony Coral; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level | ||
Cavanagh, J. E., K. A. Burns, G. J. Brunskill, and R. J. Coventry. 1999. Organochlorine pesticide residues in soils and sediments of the Herbert and Burdekin River Regions, North Queensland - Implications for contamination of the Great Barrier Reef. Marine Pollution Bulletin 39:367-375. | 1999 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Chandrasena, N. and R. Sim. 1999. Managing entrenched weed problems in botany wetlands - An urban stormwater basin in Sydney. Pages 313-319 in Water Supply. | 1999 | Chemical Use Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Golf Course Operations; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Solid Waste Disposal; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Valuation; Water; Wetlands | ||
Corsi, S.R., Breb, S.R., R.T. Bannerman and R.e. Pitt. 1999. Evaluation of the Multi-chambered Treatment Train, a Retrofit Water Quality Management Practice, USGS Open File Report 99-270, Middleton, WI. | 1999 | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; GIS & Maps | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Impervious Surfaces; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Dupraz, C. and A. Strasser. 1999. Microbialites and micro-encrusters in shallow coral bioherms (Middle to Late Oxfordian, Swiss Jura Mountains). Facies 101-130. | 1999 | Climate; Construction Codes & Projects; Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level | ||
Dustan, P. 1999. Coral reefs under stress: Sources of mortality in the Florida keys. Natural Resources Forum 23:147-155. | 1999 | Global; Florida | Field Study & Monitoring | Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Sediment |
Gast, G. J., P. J. Jonkers, F. C. Van Duyl, and R. P. M. Bak. 1999. Bacteria, flagellates and nutrients in island fringing coral reef waters: Influence of the ocean, the reef and eutrophication. Bulletin of Marine Science 65:523-538. | 1999 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Discharges; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients | |
Gawel, M. J. 1999. Protection of marine benthic habitats in the Pacific islands. A case study of Guam. Oceanologica Acta 22:721-726. | 1999 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Guam | Lab Study | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Seastars; Sediment; Small Boats; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation |
Goatcher, B., D. Zwiefelhofer, R. Lanctot, S. Talbot, B. Pierson, D. Esler, and K. Scribner. 1999. Differentiation and Interchange of Harlequin Duck Populations Within the North Pacific. Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Restoration Project Final Report. | 1999 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Petroleum Spills | |
Hawaii Institute of Marine, BI OL OG Y. 1999. Kaneohe Bay monitoring project from the University of Hawaii. Kaneohe Bay monitoring project from the University of Hawaii. | 1999 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Remote Sensing | Light; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Lee Long, W. J., R. G. Coles, and L. J. McKenzie. 1999. Issues for seagrass conservation management in Queensland. Pacific Conservation Biology 5:321-328. | 1999 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Commercial Fisheries; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Landuse Management; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Permitting & Zoning; Petroleum Spills; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Lee, T. N. and E. Williams. 1999. Mean distribution and seasonal variability of coastal currents and temperature in the Florida Keys with implications for larval recruitment. Bulletin of Marine Science 64:35-56. | 1999 | South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean | Petroleum Spills; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Leif, Bill. 1999. Compost Stormwater Filter Evaluation, Final Report. | 1999 | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Letourneur, Y., P. Labrosse, and M. Kulbicki. 1999. Commercial fish assemblages on New Caledonian fringing reefs submitted to different levels of ground erosion. Oceanologica Acta 22:609-622. | 1999 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; New Caledonia | Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate | |
McCook, L. J. 1999. Macroalgae, nutrients and phase shifts on coral reefs: Scientific issues and management consequences for the Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 18:357-367. | 1999 | Australia | Review; Index or Indicator | Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Small Herbivorous Fish |
Mearns Alan, J., BR AD Benggio, and D. Waite Thomas. 1999. Ballast water treatment during emergency response: the case of the M/T igloo moon. Pages 1463-1468 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). | 1999 | Florida | Ballast Discharge; Oil & Gas Tankers; Security Policies | |
Mendoza, A., R. Cesareo, M. Valdes, J. J. Meitin, R. Perez, and Y. Lorente. 1999. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis of marine pollution indicators. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 240:459-465. | 1999 | Index or Indicator | Algae; Sediment; Waterborne Discharges | |
Mikhail, W. Z. A., S. A. K. Abo-Hegab, and M. S. A. Ammar. 1999. Distribution of reef-building corals at some locations of the Red Sea, Egypt. Zoology in the Middle East 17:109-119. | 1999 | Egypt | Stony Coral; Waterborne Discharges | |
Nansingh, P. and S. Jurawan. 1999. Environmental sensitivity of a tropical coastline (Trinidad, West Indies) to oil spills. Spill Science and Technology Bulletin 5:161-172. | 1999 | South & Central America; Trinidad; Caribbean | Index or Indicator | Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills |
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 1999. Temporary Seeding. NRCS Planning and Design Manual. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. | 1999 | Non-point Source Runoff; Shoreline Protection | ||
Pandolfi, J. M. 1999. Response of pleistocene coral reefs to environmental change over long temporal scales. American Zoologist 39:113-130. | 1999 | Global; South & Central America; Papua New Guinea; Caribbean | Climate; CO2; Complex Habitat & Resources; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Purdy, E. G. and D. Waltham. 1999. Reservoir implications of modern karst topography. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 83:1774-1794. | 1999 | Jamaica; China; Java | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Russ, G. R. and L. J. McCook. 1999. Potential effects of a cyclone on benthic algal production and yield to grazers on coral reefs across the central Great Barrier Reef. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 235:237-254. | 1999 | Australia | Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Sanchez, J. A. 1999. Black coral-octocoral distribution patterns on imelda bank, a deep-water reef, Colombia, Caribbean sea. Bulletin of Marine Science 65:215-225. | 1999 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Non-point Source Runoff; Octocoral; Plankton; Stony Coral | |
Schaffelke, B. 1999. Short-term nutrient pulses as tools to assess responses of coral reef macroalgae to enhanced nutrient availability. Marine Ecology Progress Series 182:305-310. | 1999 | Australia | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Primary Production; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Sierro, F. J., J. A. Flores, I. Zamarreno, A. Vazquez, R. Utrilla, G. Frances, F. J. Hilgen, and W. Krijgsman. 1999. Messinian pre-evaporite sapropels and precession-induced oscillations in western Mediterranean climate. Marine Geology 153:137-146. | 1999 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Urbonas, B.R. 1999. �Design of a Sand Filter for Stormwater Quality Enhancement,� Water Environment Research, Vol 71 No. 1, Washington DC. Also see the paper titled: Stormwater Sand Filter Sizing and Design - A Unit Operation Approach, Ben Urbonas, 2002 at www.udfcd.org. | 1999 | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Urbonas, B.R. 1999. Design of a Sand Filter for Stormwater Quality Enhancement, Vol 71 No. 1, Washington DC. Also see the paper titled: Stormwater Sand Filter Sizing and Design - A Unit Operation Approach, Ben Urbonas, 2002 at www.udfcd.org. Water Environment Research 71. | 1999 | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Wiltshire John, C. and A. Moore Kathleen. 1999. Marine manganese tailings concrete: advantages and drawbacks. Pages 237-244 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). | 1999 | Fishing Sector; Waterborne Discharges | ||
Wright, J. and D. Morton. 1999. Promoting erosion control in the Virgin Islands. Pages 8-May in Investing in the protection of our environment. Proceedings of conference 30, Nashville, 1999. (International Erosion Control Association). | 1999 | US Virgin Islands | Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Housing; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Transportation Policies | |
Abdel-Kader, A. F., S. M. Nasr, H. I. El-Gamily, and M. El-Raey. 1998. Environmental sensitivity analysis of potential oil spill for Ras-Mohammed coastal zone, Egypt. Journal of Coastal Research 14:502-510. | 1998 | Egypt | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Petroleum Spills; Tourism & Recreation |
Carpenter, S. R., N. F. Caraco, D. L. Correll, R. W. Howarth, A. N. Sharpley, and V. H. Smith. 1998. Nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen. Ecological Applications 8:559-568. | 1998 | Review | Agriculture; Domestic Animal Waste; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Fish; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation | |
Diener, DO UG LA S, BR IA N Riley, GE OR GE Robertson, DO LL Maurer, TO M Gerlinger, and IR WI N Haydock. 1998. Ocean outfall as an artificial reef: Impacts to the benthic environment and a balanced indigenous population. in Proceedings of the Conference on California and the World Ocean. | 1998 | Artificial Habitat; Discharges; Sediment; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Domros, M. 1998. Tourism in the Maldives: Sustainable development through tourist resorts? [Fremdenverkehr auf den Malediven]. Geographische Rundschau 50:714-721. | 1998 | Maldives | Hotel & Food Services; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges | |
Done, T. 1998. Science for management of the Great Barrier Reef. Nature and Resources 34:16-29. | 1998 | Australia | Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Recreational Fishing; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation | |
Elias, R. J. and G. A. Young. 1998. Coral diversity, ecology, and provincial structure during a time of crisis: The latest Ordovician to earliest Silurian Edgewood Province in Laurentia. Palaios 13:98-112. | 1998 | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients | ||
Falcon-Lang, H. 1998. The impact of wildfire on an early carboniferous coastal environment, North Mayo, Ireland. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 139:121-138. | 1998 | Algae; Discharges; Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Fuchs, A. and U. Radtke. 1998. Ecological problems on the carribean island of Barbados [Okologische probleme auf der karibischen insel Barbados]. Geographische Rundschau 50:706-713. | 1998 | Cuba | Deforestation & Devegetation; Drinking Water Supply; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water | |
Gibson, J., M. McField, and S. Wells. 1998. Coral reef management in Belize: An approach through integrated coastal zone management. Ocean and Coastal Management 39:229-244. | 1998 | South & Central America; Belize | Field Study & Monitoring | Banks, Credit, & Securities; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Permitting & Zoning; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies |
Guzman, H. M. and A. W. Tudhope. 1998. Seasonal variation in skeletal extension rate and stable isotopic (13C/12C and 18O/16O) composition in response to several environmental variables in the Caribbean reef coral Siderastrea siderea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 166:109-118. | 1998 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Field Study & Monitoring | Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Stony Coral |
Guzman, H. M. and C. A. Guevara. 1998. Arrecifes coralinos de Bocas del Toro, Panama: I. Distribucion, estructura y estado de conservacion de los arrecifes continentales de la Laguna de Chiriqui y la Bahia Almirante. Revista de Biologia Tropical 46:601-623. | 1998 | South & Central America; Panama; Iran; Caribbean | Algae; Coralline Algae; Discharges; Salinity; Sediment; Sponges; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Isdale, P. J., B. J. Stewart, K. S. Tickle, and J. M. Lough. 1998. Palaeohydrological variation in a tropical river catchment: A reconstruction using fluorescent bands in corals of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Holocene 8:8-Jan. | 1998 | Australia | Model; Index or Indicator | Climate; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Kotwicki, V. and R. Allan. 1998. La Nina de Australia - Contemporary and palaeo-hydrology of Lake Eyre. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 144:265-280. | 1998 | Australia | Model | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff |
Kump, L. R. 1998. Wastewater Nutrients in Groundwaters of the Florida Keys. United States Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative Agreement #X994870-96-0. | 1998 | Florida | Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Letourneur, Y., M. Kulbicki, and P. Labrosse. 1998. Spatial structure of commercial reef fish communities along a terrestrial runoff gradient in the northern lagoon of New Caledonia. Environmental Biology of Fishes 51:141-159. | 1998 | New Caledonia | Finfish Harvest; Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Small Herbivorous Fish | |
Pitt, R.; Robertson, B.; and Field, R. 1998. Innovative Multi-Chambered Stormwater Control Device for Critical Source Areas. Proc. Adv. in Urban Wet Weather Pollut. Reduction , Cleveland, Ohio, WEF (CP3805), 141. | 1998 | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Discharges; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Impervious Surfaces; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Transportation Policies | |
Ranjith, M. W. and N. De Silva. 1998. The Coastal Resources Management Program in Brunei Darussalam. Ocean and Coastal Management 38:147-160. | 1998 | Artificial Habitat; Oil & Gas Rigs; Petroleum Spills | ||
Roberts, D. E., A. Smith, P. Ajani, and A. R. Davis. 1998. Rapid changes in encrusting marine assemblages exposed to anthropogenic point-source pollution: A 'Beyond BACI' approach. Marine Ecology Progress Series 163:213-224. | 1998 | Algae; Discharges; Microorganisms; Point Source Discharges; Sponges | ||
Roseman, E. F., D. J. Jude, M. K. Raths, T. G. Coon, and W. W. Taylor. 1998. Occurrence of the deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsoni) in Western Lake Erie. Journal of Great Lakes Research 24:479-483. | 1998 | Ballast Discharge; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Sassi, R., F. Souissi, N. Soussi, F. Baccar, A. Added, A. Charef, and S. Abdeljaoued. 1998. Environmental diagnosis of the northern part of the Bay of Monastir (eastern Tunisia) from the geochemistry of superficial sediments [Diagnostic environnemental du nord de la Baie de Monastir (Tunisie orientale) par l'etude geochimique des sediments su. Bulletin des Laboratoires des Ponts et Chaussees 218:49-58. | 1998 | Aquaculture; Discharges; Light; Sediment; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Schaffelke, B. and D. W. Klumpp. 1998. Nutrient-limited growth of the coral reef macroalga Sargassum baccularia and experimental growth enhancement by nutrient addition in continuous flow culture. Marine Ecology Progress Series 164:199-211. | 1998 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Substrate |
Schaffelke, B. and D. W. Klumpp. 1998. Short-term nutrient pulses enhance growth and photosynthesis of the coral reef macroalga Sargassum baccularia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 170:95-105. | 1998 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Primary Production; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
UMIAMI-RSMAS,. 1998. Ocean Status Information Management System (OSIMS) oil spill data and information. Ocean Status Information Management System (OSIMS) oil spill data and information. | 1998 | South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean; Mexico | Model | Collaboration & Partnering; Fish; Marine Debris; Non-point Source Runoff; Petroleum Spills; Plankton; Point Source Discharges |
Williamson, A. 1998. Use of acoustics in remote sensing of the seabed. Hydro International 2:51-53. | 1998 | Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Petroleum Spills; Resource Use Management | |
Yu, S. and E. Patron. 1998. Technical Assistance Report Route 7/Goose Creek Water Quality Impact Study. | 1998 | Dam Construction & Maintenance; Land & Air Transportation; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Barnabe, G. and R. Barnabe-Quet. 1997. Ecology and management of coastal waters [Ecologie et amenagement des eaux cotieres]. Ecologie et amenagement des eaux cotieres. | 1997 | Index or Indicator | Molluscs; Substrate; Wastewater Discharge | |
Bruckner, A. W., R. J. Bruckner, and E. H. Williams Jr. 1997. Spread of a black-band disease epizootic through the coral reef system in St. Ann's Bay, Jamaica. Bulletin of Marine Science 61:919-928. | 1997 | Jamaica | Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Stony Coral | |
Edgar, G. J., J. Moverley, N. S. Barrett, D. Peters, and C. Reed. 1997. The conservation-related benefits of a systematic marine biological sampling programme: The Tasmanian reef bioregionalisation as a case study. Biological Conservation 79:227-240. | 1997 | Field Study & Monitoring | Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Climate; Marine Protected Areas; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses | |
Kump, L. R. 1997. Fate of Wastewater nutrients in Florida Keys Groundwater. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency #x98429297-0-PA. | 1997 | Florida | Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Kushmaro, A., G. Henning, D. K. Hofmann, and Y. Benayahu. 1997. Metamorphosis of Heteroxenia fuscescens planulae (cnidaria: octocorallia) is inhibited by crude oil: A novel short term toxicity bioassay. Marine Environmental Research 43:295-302. | 1997 | Index or Indicator | Octocoral; Petroleum Spills | |
Lapointe, B. E. 1997. Nutrient thresholds for bottom-up control of macroalgal blooms on coral reefs in Jamaica and southeast Florida. Limnology and Oceanography 42:1119-1131. | 1997 | South & Central America; Florida; Jamaica; Caribbean | Algae; Discharges; Light; Nutrients; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Lapointe, B. E., W. R. Matzie. 1997. High Frequency Monitoring of Wastewater Nutrient Discharges and Their Ecological Effects in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution. | 1997 | Florida | Field Study & Monitoring | Discharges; Nutrients; Wastewater Discharge |
Lucas, R. E., R. J. Lewis, and J. M. Taylor. 1997. Pacific ciguatoxin-1 associated with a large common-source outbreak of ciguatera in East Arnhem Land, Australia. Natural Toxins 5:136-140. | 1997 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia | Lab Study | Fish; Medical Centers; Pathogens; Point Source Discharges |
McClanahan, T. R., D. Obura. 1997. Sedimentation effects on shallow coral communities in Kenya. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 209:103-122. | 1997 | Kenya | Algae; Discharges; Hydrocoral; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Sediment; Sponges; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Ohowa, B. O., B. M. Mwashote, and W. S. Shimbira. 1997. Dissolved inorganic nutrient fluxes from two seasonal rivers into Gazi Bay, Kenya. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 45:189-195. | 1997 | Kenya | Discharges; Mangroves; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Pandey, J. S. and P. Khanna. 1997. Sensitivity analysis of a mangrove ecosystem model. Journal of Environmental Systems 26:57-72. | 1997 | Model | Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients | |
Parrish, F. A., E. E. DeMartini, and D. M. Ellis. 1997. Nursery habitat in relation to production of juvenile pink snapper, Pristipomoides filamentosus, in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Fishery Bulletin 95:137-148. | 1997 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Model | Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Point Source Discharges; Sediment |
Peters, E.C., N.J. Gassman, J.C. Firman, R.H. Richmonds, E.A. Power. 1997. Ecotoxicology of Tropical Marine Ecosystems. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 16:12-40. | 1997 | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Agriculture; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Chemical Use Regulations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics | |
Pitt, R., Robertson, B. Barron, P., Ayyoubi, A. and S. Clark . 1997. Stormwater Treatment At Critical Areas Vol. 1: The Multi-Chambered Treatment Train (MCTT), USEPA Cooperative Agreement No. CR 819573 . | 1997 | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Impervious Surfaces; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
White, K. and A. Meyers. 1997. Stormwater Management and Aesthetics Using Stormwater Treatment Wetlands, Aesthetics in the Constructed Environment, Houston, TX. in Proceedings of the 4th Annual ASCE Water Resources Planning and Management Conference. | 1997 | Golf Course Operations; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | ||
World Resource Institute International Marinelife Alliance, editor. 1997. Sullied Seas. WRI, Washington D.C. | 1997 | Global; Tanzania; Maldives; Fiji; Papua New Guinea; Southeast Asia; Vietnam; Indonesia; Philippines; Germany | Lab Study; GIS & Maps | Apex Fish Predators; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Health Policies; Live Collection; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage |
[No author name available]. 1996. Coral reefs and global change. Global Change Biology 2:479-582. | 1996 | Global | Light; Stony Coral; Waterborne Discharges | |
[No author name available]. 1996. Potential spill shows Australia is ready. Work Boat World 15:36. | 1996 | Australia | Petroleum Spills | |
Carannante, G., A. Cherchi, and L. Simone. 1996. Chlorozoan versus foramol lithofacies in Upper Cretaceous rudist limestones. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 119:137-154. | 1996 | Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment | ||
Dubinsky, Z. and N. Stambler. 1996. Marine pollution and coral reefs. Global Change Biology 2:511-526. | 1996 | Deforestation & Devegetation; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Nutrients; Plankton; Sediment; Waterborne Discharges; Zooxanthellae | ||
El-Raey, M., A. Farid Abdel-Kader, S. M. Nasr, and H. I. El-Gamiey. 1996. Remote sensing and GIS for an oil spill contingency plan, Ras-Mohammed, Egypt. International Journal of Remote Sensing 17:2013-2026. | 1996 | Egypt | GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing | Petroleum Spills |
Hamzah, AM IR, A. AD JI Z Saleh, and SA TY A Budhi Takdir. 1996. Marine management efforts for the Pagerungan gas development. Pages 891-898 in International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. | 1996 | Indonesia | Artificial Habitat; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Waterborne Discharges | |
Kulbicki, M. 1996. First observations on the fish communities of fringing reefs in the region of Maumere (Flores - Indonesia). Atoll Research Bulletin 10-Aug. | 1996 | US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia; Indonesia | Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Invertebrates; Large Herbivorous Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Small Herbivorous Fish | |
Lapointe, B. E. and W. R. Matzie. 1996. Effects of stormwater nutrient discharges on eutrophication processes in nearshore waters of the Florida Keys. Estuaries 19:422-435. | 1996 | Florida | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Laws, E. A. and C. B. Allen. 1996. Water quality in a subtropical embayment more than a decade after diversion of sewage discharges. Pacific Science 50:194-210. | 1996 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Cyanobacteria; Discharges; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Martin, E.H., and Smoot, J.L. (1986) and Gain, W.S. (1996). 1996. Constituent-Load Changes in Urban Stormwater Runoff Routed Through a Detention Pond-Wetlands System in Central Florida, USGS Report 85-4310 (1986) AND The Effects of Flow-Path Modification on Water-Quality Constituent Retention in an Urban Stormwater Dete. | 1996 | Florida | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
Mohammed, S. Z. and S. Al-Ssadh. 1996. Coral reef grounds and its associated biota in the western side of 1 the Arabian Gulf (ROPME Sea Area) with respect to 1991 Gulf war oil spill. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 25:35-40. | 1996 | Bahrain | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Petroleum Spills; Sediment | |
Rostron, B. J. and J. Toth. 1996. Ascending fluid plumes above devonian pinnacle reefs: Numerical modeling and field example from West-Central Alberta, Canada. AAPG Memoir 185-201. | 1996 | Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps | Petroleum Spills; Seawater Flow | |
Shulman, M. J. and D. R. Robertson. 1996. Changes in the coral reefs of San Bias, Caribbean Panama: 1983 to 1990. Coral Reefs 15:231-236. | 1996 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Deforestation & Devegetation; Fleshy Macroalgae; Hydrocoral; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Stony Coral | |
1995. GLOBAL PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT FROM LAND-BASED ACTIVITIES. United Nations Environment Programme, Washington, D.C.(USA). | 1995 | Global | Agriculture; Non-point Source Runoff; Wetlands | |
ANON,. 1995. Iron Baron scuttling. Australasian Ships & Ports 8:12. | 1995 | Australia | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Petroleum Spills; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Catena John, G. 1995. World prodigy oil spill restoration planning. Pages 92-93 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. | 1995 | Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Petroleum Spills | ||
Corsi, R. L., S. Birkett, H. Melcer, and J. Bell. 1995. Control of VOC emissions from sewers: A multi-parameter assessment. Water Science and Technology 31:147-157. | 1995 | Model | Discharges; Seawater Flow; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Dullo, W.-C., M. Gektidis, S. Golubic, G. A. Heiss, H. Kampmann, W. Kiene, D. K. Kroll, M. L. Kuhrau, G. Radtke, J. G. Reijmer, G. B. Reinicke, D. Schlichter, H. Schuhmacher, and K. Vogel. 1995. Factors controlling holocene reef growth: An interdisciplinary approach. Facies 32:145-188. | 1995 | Global; Bahamas; Egypt; Sudan; Djibouti | Field Study & Monitoring | Algae; Cyanobacteria; Light; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Octocoral; Plankton; Primary Production; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level; Zooxanthellae |
Fadlallah, Y. H., K. W. Allen, and R. A. Estudillo. 1995. Mortality of shallow reef corals in the western Arabian Gulf following aerial exposure in winter. Coral Reefs 14:99-107. | 1995 | Saudi Arabia | Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | |
Grigg, R. W. 1995. Coral reefs in an urban embayment in Hawaii: a complex case history controlled by natural and anthropogenic stress. Coral Reefs 14:253-266. | 1995 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Discharges; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Storms & Hurricanes | |
Miller, R. L. and J. F. Cruise. 1995. Effects of Suspended Sediments on Coral Growth: Evidence from Remote Sensing and Hydrologic Modeling. Remote Sensing of Environment 53:177-187. | 1995 | Puerto Rico | Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Mohammed, S. Z. 1995. Observations on the benthic macrofauna of the soft sediment on western side of the Arabian Gulf (ROPME sea area) with respect to 1991 Gulf War oil spill. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 24:147-152. | 1995 | Echinoderms; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Substrate | ||
Petrae, Lcdr. G. 1995. Barge Morris J. Berman Spill: NOAA�s Scientific Response. HAZMAT Report No. 95-10. Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle. | 1995 | Coastal Defense; Collaboration & Partnering; Petroleum Spills | ||
Pisano William, C., ST EV E Kiss, DA VI D Connelly, and TO M Giles. 1995. Holistic stormwater master planning for Cape Coral, Fl. Pages 137-140 in [No source information available]. | 1995 | Florida | Finfish Harvest; Irrigation; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water | |
Pyburn, B. 1995. Oil spill recovery, little development but hope for the future. Work Boat World 14:30-38. | 1995 | Australia; South Africa | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Petroleum Spills; Remediation | |
San Diego-McGlone, M. L., C. L. Villanoy, and P. M. Alino. 1995. Nutrient mediated stress on the marine communities of a coastal lagoon (Puerto Galera, Philippines). Marine Pollution Bulletin 31:355-366. | 1995 | Philippines | Index or Indicator | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton |
Scally Douglas, R., E. Harrington John, and L. Timpe Gerald. 1995. Marine observation network for the Prince William Sound. Pages 741-749 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). | 1995 | Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Defense; Petroleum Spills | ||
Sindermann, C. J. 1995. Ocean Pollution Effects on Living Resources and Humans. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. | 1995 | Waterborne Discharges | ||
Vogt, I. P. 1995. Coral reefs in Saudi Arabia: 3.5 years after the Gulf War oil spill. Coral Reefs 14:271-273. | 1995 | Saudi Arabia; Kuwait | Petroleum Spills | |
Wolanski, E., A. Norro, and B. King. 1995. Water circulation in the Gulf of Papua. Continental Shelf Research 15:185-212. | 1995 | Papua New Guinea | Model | Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
1) Yu, S., Barnes, S., and V. Gerde [1993] and 2) Yu, S., Kaighn, R., and L. Shih-long [1994]. 1994. Final Report, Testing of Best Management Practices for Controlling Highway Runoff AND Testing of Best Management Practices for Controlling Highway Runoff, Phase II. | 1994 | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Bell, P. R. F. and T. Tomascik. 1994. The demise of the fringing coral reefs of Barbados and of regions in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) lagoon - impacts of eutrophication. Pages 319-325 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. | 1994 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia | Agriculture; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation | |
Byron, G. 1994. Impacts of cyclone-induced floods on fringing reefs: case study of Keppel Bay, Queensland, Australia. Pages 326-332 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. | 1994 | Global; Australia | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Ehrlich, R., R. J. Wenning, G. W. Johnson, S. H. Su, and D. J. Paustenbach. 1994. A mixing model for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in surface sediments from Newark Bay, New Jersey using polytopic vector analysis. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 27:486-500. | 1994 | Model | Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Ginsburg, R. N. and E. A. Shinn. 1994. Preferential distribution of reefs in the Florida reef tract: the past is the key to the present. Pages 21-26 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. | 1994 | Global; Florida; Bahamas | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment | |
Guzman, H. M., K. A. Burns, and J. B. C. Jackson. 1994. Injury, regeneration and growth of Caribbean reef corals after a major oil spill in Panama. Marine Ecology Progress Series 105:231-242. | 1994 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Petroleum Spills | |
Hunter, C. L. and C. W. Evans. 1994. Reefs in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii: two centuries of western influence and two decades of data. Pages 339-345 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. | 1994 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii | Algae; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Hutchings, P., C. Payri, and C. Gabrie. 1994. The current status of coral reef management in French Polynesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:26-33. | 1994 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia | Review | Agriculture; Designate Protected Species; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Non-point Source Runoff; Tourism & Recreation |
McCulloch, M. T., M. K. Gagan, G. E. Mortimer, A. R. Chivas, and P. J. Isdale. 1994. A high-resolution Sr/Ca and δ18O coral record from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and the 1982-1983 El Nino. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 58:2747-2754. | 1994 | Australia | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Naqvi, S. A. S. 1994. Seasonal variation in an annually-banded coral Porites: A scanning electron microscopy investigation. Marine Geology 118:187-194. | 1994 | Indian Ocean; India | Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral | |
Pitt, R. and R. Creel. 1994. Evaluating Detention Pond Performance with Computer Modeling Verification. | 1994 | Model | Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Non-point Source Runoff; Solid Waste Disposal; Storms & Hurricanes | |
Prove, B. G., T. J. McShane, J. R. Reghenzani, J. D. Armour, S. Sen, and P. W. Moody. 1994. Nutrient loss via drainage from the major agricultural industries on the wet tropical coast of Queensland. in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. | 1994 | Australia | Agriculture; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Richmond, R. H. 1994. Effects of coastal runoff on coral reproduction. Pages 360-364 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. | 1994 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Guam | Golf Course Operations; Hotel & Food Services; Housing; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment | |
Roberts, C. M., N. Downing, and A. R. G. Price. 1994. Oil on troubled waters: impacts of the Gulf War on coral reefs. Pages 132-138 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. | 1994 | Global; Saudi Arabia; Kuwait | Fish; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | |
Royal, J. and D. Vanderbleek. 1994. Stormwater Monitoring Program, Brevard County, FL, Final Report, Sediment Control Project Assessment for Indialantic Basin IR30 Contract 92W221 and Micco Basin M17, Contract 92W219,. Brevard County, FL. | 1994 | India | Field Study & Monitoring | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Saenger, P. 1994. Cleaning up the Arabian Gulf: aftermath of an oil spill. Search 25:19-22. | 1994 | Australia; Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; Iran | Petroleum Spills | |
Thomas, P. M. E. 1994. Everglades nutrient removal project. Pages 27-Nov in Proc. conference on explosives and blasting technique, Austin Texas, 1994. | 1994 | Florida | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Stony Coral |
Turner, S. J. 1994. The biology and population outbreaks of the corallivorous gastropod Drupella on Indo-Pacific reefs. Pages 461-530 Oceanography and marine biology: an annual review. Vol. 32. | 1994 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Japan; Marshall Islands; Philippines | Review | Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Snails & Conch |
Wang, W., S. Wu, and D. Xia. 1994. The erosional process of the soft shore of China in the recent decades. Chinese Geographical Science 4:106-118. | 1994 | China | Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation | |
Wright Robert, R. 1994. Best of both worlds. Water Environment and Technology 6:40-44. | 1994 | Discharges; Irrigation; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | ||
[No author name available]. 1993. 11th Australasian Conference on Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Pages 429-726 in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. | 1993 | Australia | Model | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
[No author name available]. 1993. Coastal Zone'93. Pages 2415-3512 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. | 1993 | Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Mexico | GIS & Maps | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins |
Alongi, D. M., F. Tirendi, and P. Christoffersen. 1993. Sedimentary profiles and sediment-water solute exchange of iron and manganese in reef- and river-dominated shelf regions of the Coral Sea. Continental Shelf Research 13:287-305. | 1993 | Australia | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Arakel, A. V., T. Loder, D. McConchie, and C. Pailles. 1993. Environmental consequences of land degradation in coastal drainage basins of north Queensland, Australia: influence of farming practices. Land Degradation & Rehabilitation 4:99-112. | 1993 | Australia | Agriculture; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharges; Point Source Discharges; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Baker, D. J. 1993. Sustainable development and NOAA's special role in meeting national goals. Marine Technology Society Journal 27:49-54. | 1993 | Fishing Sector; Waterborne Discharges; Whales & Dolphins | ||
Barton, C. E., M. Lackie, and F. M. Peerdeman. 1993. Environmental control of magnetic properties of upper-slope sediments near the Great Barrier Reef: results from Leg 133, Site 820. Proc., scientific results, ODP, Leg 133, northeast Australian margin 543-562. | 1993 | Australia | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Burns, K. A., M. G. Ehrhardt, B. L. Howes, and C. D. Taylor. 1993. Subtidal benthic community respiration and production near the heavily oiled Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 27:199-205. | 1993 | Saudi Arabia | Algae; Light; Petroleum Spills; Primary Production; Seagrasses; Sediment | |
Chavez, ER NE ST O and JO HN Tunnell. 1993. Needs for management and conservation of the southern Gulf of Mexico. Pages 2040-2053 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. | 1993 | South & Central America; Mexico | Review | Beaches & Nature Parks; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Piscivorous Fish; Sea Turtles; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation |
Downing, N. and C. Roberts. 1993. Has the Gulf war affected coral reefs of the northwestern Gulf? Marine Pollution Bulletin 27:149-156. | 1993 | Saudi Arabia; Kuwait | Field Study & Monitoring | Fish; Petroleum Spills |
Duval, P. A., A. J. Johnston, and R. E. Volker. 1993. Jet outfalls entering shallow receiving water exposed to surface waves and currents. Pages 141-146 in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. | 1993 | Australia | Model | Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges |
Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC. | 1993 | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Agriculture; Docks & Marinas; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
Gabric, A. J. and P. R. F. Bell. 1993. Review of the effects of non-point nutrient loading on coastal ecosystems. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 44:261-283. | 1993 | Review | Discharges; Marine Birds; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Remediation; Seagrasses; Whales & Dolphins | |
Green, R. H. 1993. Application of repeated measures designs in environmental impact and monitoring studies. Australian Journal of Ecology 18:81-98. | 1993 | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Petroleum Spills | |
Guzman, H. M. and I. Holst. 1993. Effects of chronic oil-sediment pollution on the reproduction of the Caribbean reef coral Siderastrea siderea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 26:276-282. | 1993 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Stony Coral | |
Hallegraeff, G. M. 1993. A review of harmful algal blooms and their apparent global increase. Phycologia 32:79-99. | 1993 | Global; US Pacific & Hawaii | Review | Aquaculture; Ballast Discharge; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Plankton; Tourism & Recreation |
Harris, P. T., E. K. Baker, A. R. Cole, and S. A. Short. 1993. A preliminary study of sedimentation in the tidally dominated Fly River Delta, Gulf of Papua. Continental Shelf Research 13:441-472. | 1993 | Model | Discharges; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Jones, G. B. 1993. Monitoring the effect of the floating hotel on the water quality of John Brewer Reef. Pages 261-267 in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. | 1993 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring | Hotel & Food Services; Sewage Treatment; Wastewater Discharge |
Letourneur, Y., M. Harmelin-Vivien, and R. Galzin. 1993. Impact of hurricane Firinga on fish community structure on fringing reefs of Reunion Island, S.W. Indian Ocean. Environmental Biology of Fishes 37:109-120. | 1993 | Indian Ocean; Reunion; India | Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Storms & Hurricanes | |
Marsh, G. 1993. A workboat future for the AP 1-88 hovercraft? Pages 13-Sep Ship & Boat International. | 1993 | Forestry; Petroleum Spills | ||
Maul, G. A. 1993. Implications of future climate on the ecosystems and socio-economic structure in the marine and coastal regions of the intra-Americas sea. Pages 28-Mar Climatic change in the intra-Americas sea. | 1993 | Global; South & Central America; Bahamas; Bermuda; Caribbean; Mexico | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Coastal Development; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Wetlands |
Medeiros, C. and B. Kjerfve. 1993. Hydrology of a Tropical Estuarine System: Itamaraca, Brazil. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 36:495-515. | 1993 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean | Discharges; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Wetlands | |
Robert Pitt and K. Dunkers. 1993. Lake Water Quality Improvements from Treatment of Stormwater Using the Flow Balancing Method, 66th Annual Water Environment Federation Conference. Anaheim, CA. October 1993.; Detecting Water Quality Trends from Stormwater Discharge Reductions, Engineerin. in 66th Annual Water Environment Federation Conference. | 1993 | Global | Field Study & Monitoring | Agriculture; Algae; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Improved Technology; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Water Depth & Sea Level |
Sheppard, C. R. C. 1993. Physical environment of the Gulf relevant to marine pollution: An overview. Marine Pollution Bulletin 27:8-Mar. | 1993 | Salinity; Sediment; Substrate; Waterborne Discharges | ||
Wolanski, E., B. Delesalle, V. Dufour, and A. Aubanel. 1993. Modeling the fate of pollutants in the Tiahura Lagoon, Moorea, French Polynesia. Pages 583-588 in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. | 1993 | Australia | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Discharges; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge |
Xia, DO NG XI NG, WE NH AI Wang, GU IQ IU Wu, JI NR UI Cui, and FU LI N Li. 1993. Coastal erosion in China. Acta Geographica Sinica 48:468-476. | 1993 | China | Discharges; Housing; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation | |
Antonelli, P. L. and P. W. Sammarco. 1992. Allelochemic interactions on pandora reef - The great barrier reef: Stabilizing weak chaos in production. Open Systems and Information Dynamics 1:207-215. | 1992 | Australia | Model | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Octocoral; Stony Coral |
Bell, P. R. F. 1992. Eutrophication and coral reefs - Some examples in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Water Research 26:553-568. | 1992 | Australia | Index or Indicator | Algae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Primary Production; Seagrasses; Seastars; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Brodie, J. E. 1992. Enhancement of larval and juvenile survival and recruitment in Acanthaster planci from the effects of terrestrial runoff: a review. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43:539-554. | 1992 | Australia | Review | Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity; Seastars |
Gersekowski, J. N. 1992. Sewage treatment on green island. Pages 175-179 in National Conference Publication - Institution of Engineers, Australia. | 1992 | Australia | Nutrients; Sewage Treatment; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge | |
Guzman, H. M. and C. E. Jimenez. 1992. Contamination of coral reefs by heavy metals along the Caribbean coast of Central America (Costa Rica and Panama). Marine Pollution Bulletin 24:554-561. | 1992 | South & Central America; Costa Rica; Panama; Caribbean | Agriculture; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Herberts, J. C., M. K. Fries, and A. B. Archer. 1992. Barbados keeps beaches clean and traffic flowing. WATER QUALITY INTERNATIONAL 2:26-27. | 1992 | Beaches & Nature Parks; Improved Technology; Sewage Treatment; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Herrera, A. and J. B. C. Jackson. 1992. Environmental versus taxonomic variation in lophophore morphology of Panamanian cheilostome bryozoans. Marine Biology 112:99-106. | 1992 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment | |
IEPIECA (International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association). 1992. Biological impacts of oil pollution: coral reefs. London, UK. | 1992 | Global | Petroleum Spills | |
NOAA. 1992. Oil spill case histories 1967-1991: summaries of significant U.S. and international spills. Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division, Seattle, Washington. | 1992 | Coastal Defense; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Petroleum Spills | ||
NOAA: Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division. 1992. Oil Spill Case Histories: Summaries of Significant U.S. and International Spills. | 1992 | Petroleum Spills | ||
Risk, M. J. and T. H. Pearce. 1992. Interference imaging of daily growth bands in massive corals. Nature 358:572-573. | 1992 | Index or Indicator | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Bell, P. R. F. 1991. Status of eutrophication in the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin 23:89-93. | 1991 | Australia | Review | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Branan William, V., ZE IT LI N Hale Lynne, and KA SE M Srinian. 1991. What future for Phuket? Pages 1713-1719 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. | 1991 | Thailand | Resource Use Management; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands | |
Guzman, H. M., J. B. C. Jackson, and E. Weil. 1991. Short-term ecological consequences of a major oil spill on Panamanian subtidal reef corals. Coral Reefs 10:12-Jan. | 1991 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Solid Waste Disposal; Stony Coral | |
Hanna Rifaat, G. M. 1991. Available data for management of the Egyptian Red Sea coastal areas. Pages 3433-3445 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. | 1991 | Egypt | Mangroves; Mining Policies; Petroleum Spills | |
Karr, J. R. 1991. Biological integrity: a long-neglected aspect of water resource management. Ecological Applications 1:66-84. | 1991 | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Resource Use Management; Waterborne Discharges | |
Keller, B, D. and J. B. C. Jackson. 1991. Long-term assessment of the oil spill at Bahia Las Minas, Panama interim report, volume I: executive summary. OCS Study MMS 90-0030, U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Gulf of Mexico OCS Regional Office, New Orleans, LA. | 1991 | Panama | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses | |
Kinsey, D. W. and D. Hopley. 1991. The significance of coral reefs as global carbon sinks- response to Greenhouse. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 89:363-377. | 1991 | Global; Australia | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Carbon Storage & Cycling; CO2; Non-point Source Runoff; Storms & Hurricanes | |
Kotwicki, V. and P. Isdale. 1991. Hydrology of Lake Eyre, Australia: El Nino link. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 84:87-98. | 1991 | Australia | Model | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
LeProvost, M. I. and D. M. Gordon. 1991. Oilfield development and protection of natural resources within the tropical marine environment of the Rowley Shelf, Northwest Australia. Pages 527-540 in SPE Asia Pacific Conference. | 1991 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia | Review; Field Study & Monitoring | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Petroleum Spills |
Muzik, K. 1991. Coral grief. Technology Review 94:60-67. | 1991 | Global | Agriculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Petroleum Spills; Sea Temperatures; Tourism & Recreation | |
Paw, J. N. and T.-E. Chua. 1991. Managing coastal resources in Cilacap, Indonesia, and Lingayen Gulf, Philippines - an ASEAN initiative. Marine Pollution Bulletin 23:779-783. | 1991 | Java; Indonesia; Philippines | Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Chemical Use Regulations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage | |
Susic, M., K. Boto, and P. Isdale. 1991. Fluorescent humic acid bands in coral skeletons originate from terrestrial runoff. Marine Chemistry 33:91-104. | 1991 | Australia | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Alongi, D. M. 1990. Effect of mangrove detrital outwelling on nutrient regeneration and oxygen fluxes in coastal sediments of the central Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 31:581-598. | 1990 | Australia; Cuba | Lab Study | Mangroves; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Primary Production; Sediment |
Chalker, B. E. and D. J. Barnes. 1990. Gamma densitometry for the measurement of skeletal density. Coral Reefs 9:23-Nov. | 1990 | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Point Source Discharges | ||
Davies, P.S. 1990. A rapid method for assessing growth rates of corals in relation to water pollution. Marine Pollution Bulletin 21:346-348. | 1990 | Stony Coral; Waterborne Discharges | ||
Foster, M. S., J. A. Tarpley, and S. L. Dearn. 1990. To clean or not to clean: the rationale, methods, and consequences of removing oil from temperate shores. Northwest Environmental Journal 6:105-120. | 1990 | Review | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Tourism & Recreation | |
Garrity, S. D. and S. C. Levings. 1990. Effects of an oil spill on the gastropods of a tropical intertidal reef flat. Marine Environmental Research 30:119-153. | 1990 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Molluscs; Petroleum Spills; Snails & Conch | |
Klein, R., Y. Loya, G. Gvirtzman, P. J. Isdale, and M. Susic. 1990. Seasonal rainfall in the Sinai Desert during the late Quaternary inferred from fluorescent bands in fossil corals. Nature 345:145-147. | 1990 | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral | ||
Peckol, P., S. C. Levings, and S. D. Garrity. 1990. Kelp response following the World Prodigy oil spill. Marine Pollution Bulletin 21:473-476. | 1990 | Petroleum Spills | ||
Reichelt, R. E., W. Greve, R. H. Bradbury, and P. J. Moran. 1990. Acanthaster planci outbreak initiation: A starfish-coral site model. Ecological Modelling 49:153-177. | 1990 | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Non-point Source Runoff; Seastars; Stony Coral | |
Schroder-Adams, C. J., P. J. Mudie, F. E. Cole, and F. S. Medioli. 1990. Late Holocene benthic formainifera beneath perennial sea ice on an Arctic continental shelf. Marine Geology 93:225-242. | 1990 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sponges | |
Vora, K. H. and F. Almeida. 1990. Submerged reef systems on the central western continental shelf of India. Marine Geology 91:255-262. | 1990 | India | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Woolhiser, D. A., R. E. Smith, and D. C. Goodrich. 1990. KINEROS, A kinematic runoff and erosion model: Documentation and user manual. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, ARS-77. | 1990 | Model | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes | |
Zann, L., J. Brodie, and V. Vuki. 1990. History and dynamics of the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci (L.) in the Suva area, Fiji. Coral Reefs 9:135-144. | 1990 | Fiji | Non-point Source Runoff; Pathogens; Seastars | |
Acevedo, R., J. Morelock, and R. A. Olivieri. 1989. Modification of coral reef zonation by terrigenous sediment stress. Palaios 4:92-100. | 1989 | Puerto Rico | Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Stony Coral | |
Bell, P. R. F., P. F. Greenfield, D. Hawker, and D. Connell. 1989. The impact of waste discharges on coral reef regions. Water Science and Technology 21:121-130. | 1989 | Discharges; Hotel & Food Services; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation | ||
Burns, K. A. and A. H. Knap. 1989. The Bahia las Minas oil spill. Hydrocarbon uptake by reef building corals. Marine Pollution Bulletin 20:391-398. | 1989 | Petroleum Spills | ||
Esry, D.H., and D.J. Cairns. 1989. Overview of the Lake Jackson Restoration Project with Artificially Created Wetlands for Treatment of Urban Runoff. p. 247-257 m: D.W. Fisk (ed.), Wetlands, Concerns and Successes. Proceedings, American Water Resources Association. | 1989 | Field Study & Monitoring | Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Storms & Hurricanes; Wetlands | |
Hinrichsen, D. 1989. Coping with pollution in Indonesia. Earthwatch 35:8-Jun. | 1989 | Indonesia | Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Sediment; Special Use Permitting; Wastewater Discharge | |
Jackson, J. B. C., J. D. Cubit, B. D. Keller, V. Batista, K. Burns, H. M. Caffey, R. L. Caldwell, S. D. Garrity, C. D. Getter, C. Gonzalez, H. M. Guzman, K. W. Kaufmann, A. H. Knap, S. C. Levings, M. J. Marshall, R. Steger, R. C. Thompson, and E. Weil. 1989. Ecological effects of a major oil spill on Panamanian coastal marine communities. Science 243:37-44. | 1989 | South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean | Algae; Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses | |
Maristany, A.E. and Bartel, R.L. 1989. �Wetlands and Stormwater Management: A Case Study of Lake Munson, Part I: Long-Term Treatment Efficiencies�, in: Fisk, D.W. (Ed.) Proceedings of the Symposium on Wetlands: Concerns and Successes, AWRA, Tampa, FL, pp. 215-229 (1989). | 1989 | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands | ||
Matson, E. A. 1989. Biogeochemistry of Mariana Islands coastal sediments: terrestrial influence on /gd13, Ash, CaCO3, Al, Fe, Si and P. Coral Reefs 7:153-160. | 1989 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Guam | Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment | |
Meiorin, E.C. 1989. �Urban Runoff Treatment in a Fresh/Brackish Water Marsh in Fremont, California�, in: Hammer, D.A. (Ed.) Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment: Municipal, Industrial, and Agricultural, Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea, pp. 677-685. | 1989 | Agriculture; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sewage Treatment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands | ||
Phillips, JD. 1989. An evaluation of the factors determining the effectiveness of water quality buffer zones., J. HYDROL. (AMST.)., vol. 107, no. 1-4, pp. 133-145, 1989. | 1989 | Field Study & Monitoring | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Purdy, C. B., E. R. M. Druffel, and L. Hugh D. 1989. Anomalous levels of 90Sr and 239,240Pu in Florida corals: Evidence of coastal processes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53:1401-1410. | 1989 | Florida; Bermuda | Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Ramsay, P. J., J. A. G. Cooper, C. I. Wright, and T. R. Mason. 1989. The occurrence and formation of ladderback ripples in subtidal, shallow-marine sands, Zululand, South Africa. Marine Geology 86:229-235. | 1989 | South Africa | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment | |
Rigden, B. 1989. Water and wastewater treatment for a small island resort. Water Science and Technology 21:189-193. | 1989 | Hotel & Food Services; Sewage Treatment; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Chansang, H. 1988. Coastal tin mining and marine pollution in Thailand. Ambio 17:223-228. | 1988 | Thailand; Malaysia; Indonesia | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Mining; Sediment; Waterborne Discharges | |
D'Aluisio-Guerrieri, G. M. and R. A. Davis Jr. 1988. Infilling of coastal lagoons by terrigenous siliciclastic and marine carbonate sediments: Vieques, Puerto Rico. Pages 207-230 Carbonate-clastic transitions. | 1988 | Puerto Rico | Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Hallock, P. 1988. The role of nutrient availability in bioerosion: Consequences to carbonate buildups. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 63:275-291. | 1988 | Oman | Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Fleshy Macroalgae; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment | |
Hopley, D. 1988. Anthropogenic influences on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. Australian Geographer 19:26-45. | 1988 | Global; Australia | Non-point Source Runoff | |
Oberts, G; Osgood, R. 1988. The effectiveness of a detention/wetland treatment system and its effect on an urban lake., 8. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON LAKE AND WATERSHED MANAGEMENT., 1988., p. 29. | 1988 | Field Study & Monitoring | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
Pitt, R. and R. Field. 1988. An Evaluation of Storm Drainage Inlet Devices for Stormwater Quality Treatment, Water Environment Federation Technical Exposition and Conference, Orlando, FL, 1998. | 1988 | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Sandstrom, M. W. 1988. Aliphatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments from the North Queensland coast and Great Barrier Reef: Effects of tropical cyclone Winifred. Organic Geochemistry 12:445-454. | 1988 | Australia | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Verstappen, H. T. 1988. Old and new observations on coastal changes of Jakarta Bay: an example of trends in urban stress on coastal environments. Journal of Coastal Research 4:573-587. | 1988 | Finfish Harvest; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges | ||
Ballou, T. G., R. E. Dodge, S. C. Hess, A. H. Knap, and T. D. Sleeter. 1987. Effects of a dispersed and undispersed crude oil on mangroves, seagrasses and corals. Prepared for the American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC. | 1987 | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Mangroves; Petroleum Spills; Seagrasses | |
Cox, J., McCarron, K. and E. McCarron. 1987. Interim Report, Pre-Construction Stormwater Quality Assessment, Twin Towers Project. | 1987 | Florida | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Craik, W. and I. Dutton. 1987. Assessing the effects of sediment discharge on the Cape Tribulation fringing coral reefs. Coastal Management 15:213-228. | 1987 | Australia | Review; Field Study & Monitoring | Discharges; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment |
Gagan, M. K., M. W. Sandstrom, and A. R. Chivas. 1987. Restricted terrestrial carbon input to the continental shelf during Cyclone Winifred: implications for terrestrial runoff to the Great Barrier Reef Province. Coral Reefs 6:113-119. | 1987 | Australia | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Hutchings, P. A. and B. L. Wu. 1987. Coral reefs of Hainan Island, South China Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 18:25-26. | 1987 | China | Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral | |
Mann, K. and M. Florence. 1987. Toxicity of oil shale waste waters to marine algae. Fuel 66:404. | 1987 | Australia | Model | Algae; Nutrients; Wastewater Discharge |
Neff, J. M. 1987. Biological effects of oil in the marine environment. Chemical Engineering Progress 83. | 1987 | Lab Study | Fishing Sector; Petroleum Spills | |
Ogden John, C. and MA RC Steyaert. 1987. Caribbean Coastal Marine Productivity (Caricomp): A Regional Laboratory Network. Pages 2793-2801 in [No source information available]. | 1987 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Lab Study | Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses |
Russell Gary, M., MA RK Stewart, and L. Higer Aaron. 1987. Examples Of Landfill-Generated Plumes In Low-Relief Areas, Southeast Florida. Water Resources Bulletin 23:863-866. | 1987 | Florida | Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Irrigation; Non-point Source Runoff; Solid Waste Disposal | |
Striegl, R.G.; Cowan, E.A. 1987. Relations Between Quality of Urban Runoff and Quality of Lake Ellyn at Glen Ellyn, Illinois. Available from Books and Open-File Reports Section, USGS, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. USGS Water-Supply Paper 2301, 1987. 59p, 27 fig, 20 tab, 60 ref. | 1987 | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Varma, M. M. and J. Alfaro. 1987. Coastal water quality and its effect on beach erosion: A case study. Journal of Environmental Systems 17. | 1987 | Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Shoreline Protection; Wastewater Discharge | ||
Welborn, C.T.; Veenhuis, J.E. 1987. Effects of Runoff Controls on the Quantity and Quality of Urban Runoff at Two Locations in Austin, Texas, Available from OFSS, USGS, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4004, 1987. 101p, 51 fig, 14 tab, 13 ref. | 1987 | Discharges; Housing; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Welborn, C.T.; Veenhuis, J.E. 1987. Effects of Runoff Controls on the Quantity and Quality of Urban Runoff at Two Locations in Austin, Texas., Available from OFSS, USGS, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4004, 1987. 101p, 51 fig, 14 tab, 13 ref. | 1987 | Discharges; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Yousef, YA; Hvitved-Jacobsen, T; Wanielista, MP; Harper, HH; Hamilton, RS; Harrison, RM. (eds). 1987. Removal of contaminants in highway runoff flowing through swales, SPECIAL ISSUE: HIGHWAY POLLUTION. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM, 7-11 JULY 1986., 1987., pp. 391-399, SCI. TOTAL ENVIRON., vol. 59. | 1987 | Florida; United Kingdom | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Fries, B.M. 1986. Fate of Phosphorus from Residential Stormwater Runoff in a Southern Hardwood Wetland, Thesis, Master of Science in Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL. | 1986 | Florida | Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetlands | |
Prych, E.A.; Ebbert, J.C. 1986. Quantity and Quality of Storm Runoff from Three Urban Catchments in Bellevue, Washington, Available from Books and Open File Report Section, USGS, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4000, 1986. 85p, 14 fig, 34 tab,. | 1986 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Lab Study | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Slocum, DE AN, RI CH AR D Berlandy, and RO BE RT Wardwell. 1986. Facilities Planning In The Caribbean A Case Study. Pages 1351-1357 in [No source information available]. | 1986 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Improved Technology; Sea Turtles; Sewage Treatment; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges | |
Binet, D. 1985. Essai d'utilisation de la diversite specifique dans l'analyse des communautes de copepodes planctoniques du lagon de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Marine Biology 88:85-99. | 1985 | New Caledonia | Index or Indicator | Non-point Source Runoff; Plankton; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Borgne, R. L., Y. Dandonneau, and L. Lemasson. 1985. The problem of the island mass effect on chlorophyll and zooplankton standing crops around Mare ( Loyalty Islands) and New Caledonia. Bulletin of Marine Science 37:450-459. | 1985 | New Caledonia | Non-point Source Runoff; Plankton | |
James, W. 1985. The truth about offshore drilling. AGA MON67:-18. | 1985 | Artificial Habitat; Oil & Gas Industry; Petroleum Spills | ||
Owens, E. H., H. H. Roberts, S. P. Murray, and C. R. Foget. 1985. Containment Strategies For Marine Oil Spills In Nearshore Waters. Pages 113-120 in [No source information available]. | 1985 | Model | Petroleum Spills | |
Aldridge, B. N. and J. H. Eychaner. 1984. Floods Of October 1977 In Southern Arizona And March 1978 In Central Arizona. US Geological Survey Water Supply Paper. | 1984 | South & Central America; Mexico | Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water | |
Dicks, B. 1984. Oil pollution in the Red Sea - Environmental monitoring of an oilfield in a coral area, Gulf of Suez. Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers 31:833-854. | 1984 | Egypt | Field Study & Monitoring | Beaches & Nature Parks; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Petroleum Spills; Recreational Opportunities; Seagrasses; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation |
Isdale, P. 1984. Fluorescent bands in massive corals record centuries of coastal rainfall. Nature 310:578-579. | 1984 | Australia | Agriculture; Civil Engineering & Construction; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral | |
Joko, I., S. Sawada, C. Goto, and K. Toyokura. 1984. Phosphorus Removal From Wastewater By Crystallization Method: Preparation And Performance Of Artificial Seed Materials. Pages 431-434 in Industrial Crystallization: Proceedings of the Symposium. | 1984 | Wastewater Discharge | ||
Lindstadt-Siva, JU NE, H. Albers Peter, KE NN ET H Fucik, and G. Maynard Nancy. 1984. Ecological Considerations For The Use Of Dispersants In Oil Spill Response. Pages 363-377 ASTM Special Technical Publication. | 1984 | Review | Petroleum Spills; Recreational Opportunities | |
Sammarco, P. W. and H. Crenshaw. 1984. Plankton community dynamics of the central Great Barrier Reef Lagoon: Analysis of data from Ikeda et al. Marine Biology 82:167-180. | 1984 | Australia | Algae; Discharges; Echinoderms; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Non-point Source Runoff; Octocoral; Plankton; Salinity; Sponges; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Siddiquie, H. N., A. R. Gujar, N. H. Hashimi, and A. B. Valsangkar. 1984. Superficial mineral resources of the Indian Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers 31:763-812. | 1984 | Indian Ocean; India; South Africa | Climate; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Washington, H. G. 1984. Diversity, biotic and siimilarity indices a review with special relevance to aquatic ecosystems. Water Research 18:653-964. | 1984 | Review; Index or Indicator | Waterborne Discharges | |
Wilkie, A., M. Barry, P. J. Reynolds, N. O'Kelly, and E. Colleran. 1984. Anaerobic Filter Digestion Of Agricultural Wastes. Pages 306-314 in Solar Energy R&D in the European Community, Series E: Energy from Biomass. | 1984 | Europe | Agriculture; Wastewater Discharge | |
Bannerman, R.; Baun, K.; Bohn, M.; Hughes, P.; Graczyk, D. 1983. Nationwide Urban Runoff Program, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Evaluation of Urban Nonpoint Source Pollution Management in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin. Volume 2. Feasibility and Application of Urban Nonpoint Source Pollution. | 1983 | Field Study & Monitoring | Civil Engineering & Construction; Climate; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Impervious Surfaces; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Belperio, A. P. 1983. Terrigenous sedimentation in the central Great Barrier Reef lagoon: a model from the Burdekin region. BMR Journal of Australian Geology & Geophysics 8:179-190. | 1983 | Australia | Model | Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Goforth, GF; Diniz, EV; Rauhut, JB. 1983. Stormwater hydrological characteristics of porous and conventional paving systems., NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA (USA), 1983., 302 pp. | 1983 | Review | Impervious Surfaces; Littering; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Knap, A. H., T. D. Sleeter, and R. E. Dodge. 1983. The effects of oil spills and dispersant use on corals. A review and multidisciplinary experimental approach. Oil and Petrochemical Pollution 1:157-169. | 1983 | Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Petroleum Spills | |
Morelock, J. 1983. A survey of sediment discharge and shelf reef conditions. US Department of the Interior. | 1983 | Discharges; Sediment | ||
Neff Jerry, M., P. Marum James, and J. SC OT T Warner. 1983. Composition And Fate Of Clean Ballast Water Discharged From Crude Oil Tankers. Pages 435-441 in [No source information available]. | 1983 | Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Oil & Gas Tankers | ||
North Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources and Community Development, Div. of Environmental Management. 1983. Nationwide Urban Runoff Program, Winston-Salem, North Carolina: An Evaluation of Street Sweeping as a Runoff Pollution Control. Final rept. Sep 79-Oct 83. | 1983 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Siddiquie, H. N., A. R. Gujar, N. H. Hashimi, and A. B. Valsangkar. 1983. SUPERFICIAL MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE INDIAN OCEAN. Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers 31:763-812. | 1983 | Indian Ocean; India | Climate; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Hollett, K. J. and R. Moberly. 1982. Sedimentation, dredging, and spoil disposal in a subtropical estuarine lagoon. Environmental Geology 4:31-42. | 1982 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Military; Non-point Source Runoff; Ports & Harbors; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation | |
Michael L. Terstriep, G. Michael Bender, Douglas C. Noel. 1982. NATIONWIDE URBAN RUNOFF PROJECT, CHAMPAIGN, ILLINOIS: EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MUNICIPAL STREET SWEEPING IN THE CONTROL OF URBAN STORM RUNOFF POLLUTION, State Water Survey Division, SURFACE WATER SECTION, AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, SWS Contr. | 1982 | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Walker, T. A. 1982. Lack of evidence for evaporation-driven circulation in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 33:717-722. | 1982 | Australia | Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity | |
Karr, J. R. and D. R. Dudley. 1981. Ecological perspective on water quality goals. Environmental Management 5:55-68. | 1981 | Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Fish; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges | ||
Sander, F. 1981. A preliminary assessment of the main causative mechanisms of the \island mass\" effect of Barbados". Marine Biology 64:199-205. | 1981 | Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Primary Production; Salinity | ||
Davis, W. P., G. I. Scott, C. D. Getter, M. O. Hayes, and E. R. Gundlach. 1980. Methodology for environmental assessments oil and hazardous substance spills. Helgolander wiss Meeresuntersuchungen 33. | 1980 | Puerto Rico | Index or Indicator | Petroleum Spills |
Kuberski, T. 1980. Cholera on Nauru. Possible non-point source transmission. Medical Journal of Australia 2:563-564. | 1980 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges | |
Frasier, G. W., K. R. Cooley, and J. R. Griggs. 1979. Performance evaluation of water harvesting catchments. Journal of Range Management 32:453-456. | 1979 | Field Study & Monitoring | Hotel & Food Services; Non-point Source Runoff | |
Loya, Y. and B. Rinkevich. 1979. Abortion effect in corals induced by oil pollution. Marine Ecology Progress Series 1:77-80. | 1979 | Iran | Lab Study | Petroleum Spills |
Sleeter, T. D., J. N. Butler, and J. E. Barbash. 1979. Hydrocarbons in sediments from the edge of the Bermuda platform. Pages 615-620 in Proc 1979 oil spill conference (prevention, behavior, control, cleanup), Los Angeles, Cal. March 1979, (American Petroleum Institute, Washington DC, Publication 4308). | 1979 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bermuda | Model | Beaches & Nature Parks; Petroleum Spills; Sediment |
Bartram Paul, D. and L. Dugan Gordon. 1978. Sediment Movement In A Small Humid Watershed. Pages 654-661 in [No source information available]. | 1978 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Index or Indicator | Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Weiss, M. P., D. A. Goddard, and X. Picard. 1978. Marine geology of reefs and inner shelf, Chichiriviche, Estado Falcon, Venezuela. Marine Geology 28:211-244. | 1978 | Venezuela | Algae; Coralline Algae; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Chan Gordon, L. 1977. Five-Year Recruitment Of Marine Life After The 1971 San Francisco Oil Spill. Pages 543-545 in [No source information available]. | 1977 | Invertebrates; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills | ||
Thompson, J. H. and T. J. Bright. 1977. Pages 495-498 in Effects of drill mud on sediment clearing rates of certain hermatypic corals. | 1977 | Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Stony Coral | ||
Elgershuizen, J. H. B. W. and H. A. M. De Kruijf. 1976. Toxicity of crude oils and dispersant to the stony coral Madracis mirabilis. Marine Pollution Bulletin 7:22-25. | 1976 | Cleaner & Solvent Use; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | ||
Loya, Y. 1975. Possible effects of water pollution on the community structure of Red Sea corals. Marine Biology 29:177-185. | 1975 | Nutrients; Petroleum Spills; Waterborne Discharges | ||
Beckman, J. A., G. Crane, E. L. Kay, and J. R. Laman. 1974. Scrap tire disposal. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 47:597-624. | 1974 | Review; Field Study & Monitoring | Artificial Habitat; Petroleum Spills; Shoreline Protection | |
Waldichuk, M. 1974. Coastal marine pollution and fish. Ocean Management 2:Jan-60. | 1974 | Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Fishing Sector; Mitigation; Molluscs; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges | ||
[No author name available]. 1973. Ocean Outfalls Help Preserve The Virgin Islands. WATER AND SEWERAGE WORKS 120. | 1973 | US Virgin Islands | Wastewater Discharge | |
Chan, G. L. 1973. A Study Of The Effects Of The San Francisco Oil Spill On Marine Organisms [Proceedings Of Joint Conference On Prevention And Control Of Oil Spills]. Pages 741-782 AMER.PETROL.INST.PUBL. | 1973 | Lab Study | Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Petroleum Spills; Snails & Conch | |
Chang, Bei-Jiann, H. F. Young Reginald, and C. S. Chou James. 1973. Application Of Reverse Osmosis Technology To Hawaiian Low Quality Waters. Hawaii Univ Water Resour Res Cent Tech Rep 73. | 1973 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge | |
Dugan, G. L. and R. H. F. Young. 1973. Effects of coastal water disposal in Hawaii. Pages 691-701 in J.ENVIRONM.ENGN DIV.PROC.ASCE. | 1973 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Agriculture; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Permitting & Zoning; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Sediment | |
Fishelson, L. 1973. Ecology of coral reefs in the Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea) influenced by pollution. Oecologia 12:55-67. | 1973 | Algae; Nutrients; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral | ||
Gundersen, K. and P. Bienfang. 1972. Thermal Pollution: Use Of Deep, Cold, Nutrient Rich Sea Water For Power Plant Cooling And Subsequent Aquaculture In Hawaii [Marine Pollution And Sea Life]. Pages 513-516 FISHING NEWS. | 1972 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Light; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Nutrients; Primary Production; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges | |
Johannes, R. E. 1972. Coral Reefs And Pollution [Marine Pollution And Sea Life]. Pages 364-375 FISHING NEWS LTD., SURREY. | 1972 | Review | Algae; Chemical Use Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Landuse Management; Salinity; Seastars; Sediment; Waterborne Discharges | |
POTTER, JL. 1969. Use Pollution To Benefit Mankind. Ocean Industry 4:94-97. | 1969 | Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Petroleum Spills | ||
Boehm, P.D., D.S. Page, J.S. Brown, J.M. Neff, A.E. Bence. Comparison of mussels and semi-permeable membrane devices as intertidal monitors of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at oil spill sites. Marine Pollution Bulletin | Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Petroleum Spills; Sediment | ||
Herrara Consultants, Inc. Issaquah Stormwater Treatment Continuous Deflective Separation, Performance Monitoring Report, Prepared for City of Issaquah. | Field Study & Monitoring | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Lewis, S. E., J. E. Brodie, Z. T. Bainbridge, K. W. Rohde, A. M. Davis, B. L. Masters, M. Maughan, M. J. Devlin, J. F. Mueller, and B. Schaffelke. Herbicides: A new threat to the Great Barrier Reef. Environmental Pollution | Australia | Agriculture; Climate; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Packett, R., C. Dougall, K. Rohde, and R. Noble. Agricultural lands are hot-spots for annual runoff polluting the southern Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin | Australia | Agriculture; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow | ||
Snelgrove, P. V. R., R. Petrecca, K. I. Stocks, C. Van Dover, and C. Ann Zimmer. A mosaic of diverse ideas: The ecological legacy of J. Frederick Grassle. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography | Global | Review; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Infrastructure; Petroleum Spills; Sediment | |
W.F Hunt, J.M Hathaway, R.J Winston, S.J. Jadlocki. Runoff Volume Reduction by a Level Spreader - Vegetated Filter Strip System in Suburban Charlotte, NC. | Field Study & Monitoring | Non-point Source Runoff; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Management Options
Management Option | Description | Sources | Database Topics |
---|---|---|---|
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Fertilizer Application Management | This agricultural best management practice involves the development, implementation and periodic update of nutrient management plans. Nutrient management plans are used to efficiently apply nutrients at appropriate rates so as to still achieve desired crop yields. There are several important measures and considerations that must be taken before developing the nutrient plan. Farm and field maps, yield expectations, nutrient resources, and geologic field limitations are all important. Some crops fix nitrogen, such as legumes, and have a nitrogen credit that must be factored. Field limitations include shallow aquifers, nearby surface water, sinkholes, and highly erodible soils. If the nutrients to be applied aren�t commercial they must be assessed to determine the nutrient value and the rate of availability of the nutrients. The nutrient plan�s timing and application methods should use the limiting nutrient concept and avoid applications to frozen soil and during periods of leaching or runoff. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Jokela, Bill, Peter Kleinman, John Peters, and Ann Wolf,. 2011. Manure Spreader Calibration & Manure Testing. |
Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Chemical Use Regulations; Discharge Limitations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Landscape Changes; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Waterborne Discharges |
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Change Agricultural Cover Crop Practices | Cover crop outreach entails changing agricultural practices in an area to leave vegetation and cover on the soil while growing other crops (e.g. Coffee). Agricultural practices that encourage leaving soil bare are extremely susceptible to erosion (e.g. sun grown Coffee). Cover crop methods and shade-grown crops (e.g. shade-grown Coffee) would reduce the large amount of sediment that is eroding, particularly from high elevations, and ultimately will reduce the amount of sediment that reaches the coral reefs. Options to encourage transition to cover crop practices include outreach to raise awareness of benefits and cost share programs to help farmers with the burden of the extra expense. | Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2010. Conservation Cover. CODE 327. US Department of Agriculture. |
Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Environmental Education & Outreach; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Funding & Donations; Landscape Changes; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Responses; Sediment |
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Composting | Composting involves the controlled aerobic decomposition of manure or other organic material by micro-organisms into a biologically stable organic material that is suitable for use as a soil supplement. Composting should be part of nutrient management plans because it reduces the pollution potential of organic wastes. Smaller scale household composting may reduce the amount of material that enters the waste stream, where again it may have greater pollution potential. Larger volumes of material may require construction of containment facilities to ensure pollutants aren't able to enter runoff water in high concentrations. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Landscaping & Household Services; Littering; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges |
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Contour Farming | Contour Farming involves sloping land in such a way that field preparation, planting and cultivating are done on the contour. This includes following established grades of terraces or diversions. During heavy rains the crop rows formed slow water runoff reducing erosion and water runoff of non-point source pollutants such as agricultural herbicides and fertilizers. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Discharge Limitations; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Landscape Changes; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges |
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Livestock Waste Storage and Utilization | Confined animal facilities often produce large amounts of animal waste. This waste can be stored and disposed of in a variety of ways, and it is important to consider how rainwater may carry these wastes in groundwater. Wastes can be kept in temporary storage ponds, storage structures, or treatment lagoons. Once composted, these wastes may be applied to agricultural land in an environmentally acceptable manner in place of other fertilizers. Site selection, timing of application and rate of application must be properly managed to reduce the potential for degradation of ground water. Additionally, this practice may increase microbial action in the soil surface, which helps keep pesticides and other pollutants in place. | Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC. |
Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Food & Raw Materials; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pathogens; Waterborne Discharges |
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Grazing Land Management | This management option protects range, pasture and other types of grazing lands for agricultural animals. Special actions should be taken to protect sensitive areas such as streams, wetlands and estuaries if livestock is to have access to these areas. Grazing management practices can be categorized into four types, vegetative stabilization, grazing management systems, access limitations and alternative water supplies. Vegetative stabilization involves reestablishing the vegetative cover on ranges after it has been removed by grazing to reduce erosion rates. Grazing management systems typically reduce the time livestock spend in each pasture to increase the quantity and quality of vegetation in those pastures. Grazing frequency, timing, duration, area allocation, and livestock distribution kind, class, distribution and stocking rates should all be considered in the management system to ensure adequate pasture rehabilitation. Access limitations, such as fencing and stream crossings are used to herd and control livestock movement. Physical disturbance from livestock can increase erosion, so crossings and watering access points should be hardened. Alternative water supplies are an alternative to more sensitive water sources that may be vulnerable to erosion and discharges from grazing areas. | Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Sediment; Waterborne Discharges |
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Pond Sealing | Waste treatment ponds and pits are useful methods of treatment, but premature seepage from these storage impoundments would also have negative impacts. Bentonite Liner Treatment, Compacted Clay Treatment, Flexible membrane, and Soil Dispersant Treatment are all options for sealing treatment impoundments, depending on the specific soil suitability and other criteria. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Agriculture; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Remediation; Sewage Treatment; Supporting Services; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Corporate Response: Develop Outreach with Shipping Businesses | This option requires the sanctuary to continue to alert shipping businesses about sanctuary regulations. Such regulations may include vessel waste discharge, ATBA, PSSA, etc. The targeted audiences will include importers, exporters, port authorities, commercial fishing companies, ship insurers. This information can be provided to the audience through NOAA nautical charts, trade publications, newsletters, trade shows, and direct mailings. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Ballast Discharge; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Coastal Engineering; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Decision Support; Docks & Marinas; Environmental Education & Outreach; Finance & Insurance; Infrastructural Policies; Insurance; Manufacturing & Trade; Ports & Harbors; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Transportation; Transportation Policies; Water Resources; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges |
Damage Assessment, Documentation & Response: Coordinated Oil & Hazardous Spill Response | This management option calls for developing unified response protocols to deal with containment and clean-up of oil spills. This is important to protect corals, mangroves, and seagrasses from adverse impacts of hazardous materials. Given the limited number of spills and the importance of responding quickly, interagency coordination of reporting and response is essential for success. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. Puerto Rico and USVI Area Planning Committees. 2008. Hazardous Substances Pollution Area Contingency Plan. Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin islands. |
Collaboration & Partnering; Decision Support; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Energy Policy & Development; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Large Ships; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Point Source Discharges; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Security & Public Administration Policies; Small Boats; Toxics; Transportation; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges |
Data Management & Decision Tools: Research and Model Causal Linkage Between Pollutants and Ecological Impact | This involves conducting research to identify and document causal linkages between discharge water pollutants and specific, quantifiable ecological problems. The natural environment naturally assimilates some pollutants, but has thresholds for this type of contaminant processing. Different hydrology, biology and spatial/temporal factors are all going to play a roll in the linkage between pollutants and ecological problems, meaning modeling and risk assessment can be beneficial. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Applied Chemicals; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Chemical Variables; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Petroleum Spills; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Reef Inhabitants; Regulating Services; Sewage Treatment; Stormwater Management; Sunscreen Use; Supporting Services; Toxics; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands |
Develop & Distribute Educational Materials: Establish VHF Radio Stations | The local sanctuary staff should work to secure a VHF radio station dedicated to provide information about local boating and water activities in multiple languages. Broadcast messages can include, but are not limited to information about regulations, navigation, resources, weather, and reef conditions. This will help prevent boaters, divers, and fishermen from negatively affecting the ecosystem. Assessments regarding cost and target audience areas must be conducted and external funding pursued to supplement the expense. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Ballast Discharge; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Security & Public Administration Policies; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage |
Discharge Controls: Point Source Effluent Toxicity Standards | Effluent Toxicity is considered the aggregate toxic effect to aquatic organisms from all pollutants contained in a facility's wastewater (effluent). It is one part of the Water Quality Standards (#22) that prohibits the discharge of toxic pollutants in toxic amounts. Numerical criteria can be adopted from the Clean Water Act of based on scientifically-defensible methods. In addition to setting this numerical criteria, enforcement of the standards requires inspection programs and monitoring. | Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. |
Chemical Variables; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Improved Technology; Manufacturing & Trade; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products |
Energy Policy & Development: Oil and Gas Rig End of Life | As oil production at a given offshore site decreases it becomes necessary to decommission the rigs that were drilling them. It is very expensive to dismantle and transport the rigs back to shore. One such well know case was Shell's Brent Spar 1995. Regulations on the end of life for oil rigs differ by country and even state within the US. The Minerals Management Service has a Rigs-to-Reefs program which supports and encourages the reuse of oil and gas structures for offshore artificial reef developments. If these structures are to be sunk as artificial reefs the normal permit requirements for artificial reefs still apply to ensure the structure will not interfere with navigation channels or degrade the environment. | Dauterive, L. 1999. Rigs-to reefs policy, progress, and perspective. Pages 313-318 in SPE/EPA Exploration & Production Environmental Conference. |
Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Artificial Habitat; Biological Addition; Chemical Variables; Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Cultural Services; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Littering; Manufacturing & Trade; Marine Debris; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Permitting & Zoning; Petroleum Spills; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Solid Waste Disposal; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Water Depth & Sea Level; Water Resources |
Energy Policy & Development: Pipeline Maintenance Requirements | The best way to ensure a high level of safety and reliability in operation of pipelines is to have a maintenance and inspection plan in place that targets damage, degradation or defects before they lead to failures. Economically, expenditures for maintenance and inspection are significantly less than those for emergency service in reaction to unforeseen situations. However, legislative requirements for plans, procedures and documentation ensures compliance with these best management practices. | Environmental Protection Agency. 2008. Pipeline Maintenance Best Practices: Lessons Learned from the Natural Gas STAR Program. Charlotte (North Carolina). United Kingdom Onshore Pipeline Operators� Association. 2006. UKOPA Recommendations for Pipeline Maintenance and Inspection. UKOPA/06/0032, |
Chemical Use Regulations; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Energy Policy & Development; Infrastructural Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies |
Energy Policy & Development: Develop Offshore Wind and Hydrokinetic Alternative Energies | Policies encouraging or authorizing construction of offshore facilities are evolving, and there are many sides to the issue of how to best manage them. Alternative energies are desirable and would reduce the dependence on fossil fuel resources. However, hydrokinetic technologies are just becoming viable, meaning long term impacts are still unknown. Facilitative policies reduce barriers for alternative energy development or increase barriers or costs for incumbent technologies. These include research and innovation policies, technology improvement subsidies, market based policies that internalize externalities, and regulatory changes that simplify the permitting process. | Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy. 2009. Report to Congress on the Potential Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Technologies. Department of Energy. Portman, M.E. 2010. Marine Renewable Energy Policy: Some US and International Perspectices Compared. Oceanography 23:98-105. |
Artificial Habitat; Biological Addition; Construction Codes & Projects; Economic Markets & Policies; Energy Policy & Development; Funding & Incentives; Infrastructural Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Permitting & Zoning; Petroleum Spills; Physical Variables; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Seawater Flow; Utilities; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Utility Policies |
Energy Policy & Development: Cable and Pipeline Construction Assessments | Pre-assessments must be conducted to ensure pipelines and cables buried on the ocean floor will not disrupt or destroy natural or cultural resources. | Reach Networks Hong Kong Ltd. 2007. Project Profile: Asia-America Gateway (AAG) Cable Network, South Lantau. Wanchai, Hong Kong SAR. |
Construction Codes & Projects; Cultural Services; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Energy Policy & Development; Infrastructural Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Permitting & Zoning; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Utilities; Utility Policies |
Energy Policy & Development: Oil and Gas Rig Maintenance and Use Regulations | There are regulated procedures and documentation required during production operations to prevent major incidents that may harm workers or the environment. A major part of incident prevention is inspection and maintenance. | Cultural Services; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Energy Policy & Development; Infrastructural Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Petroleum Spills; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies | |
Energy Policy & Development: Oil and Gas Rig Construction Regulations | The Minerals Management Service (MMS) has several requirements for leasing and permits for construction of new drilling rigs and platforms. Placement is very important so as to not interfere with other uses or the environment. These permits also cover exploratory structures for research and test sites. | Minerals Management Service. 2006. Leasing Oil and Natural Gas Resources. U.S. Department of the Interior. |
Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Economic Markets & Policies; Energy Policy & Development; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Oil & Gas Rigs; Permitting & Zoning; Petroleum Spills; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Provisioning Services; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies |
Forestry Policy: Forestry Management Planning | There are many aspects to properly managing forestry sites to reduce point source and non-point source pollutants. Forestry activities can degrade water quality with several types of pollutants and impacts, including: sediment, nutrients, forest chemicals like pesticides, organic debris from tree litter, increased water temperature and increased streamflow. The Forestry management plan and practices include, but are not limited to: pre-harvest planning, road construction and use, prescribed burning and fire management, brush management, timber harvest, regeneration, and application of forest chemicals. Wetlands Forest Management has additional best practices. | Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Biological Harvest; Chemical Use Regulations; Civil Engineering & Construction; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Manufacturing & Trade; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Regulating Services; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products |
Forestry Policy: Forestry Streamside Management Areas | There are often surface waters, such as streams and lakes, within forestry areas that require special protection. This management option involves establishing and maintaining management areas (35 to 50 feet) around these surface waters to buffer against changes in temperature, increases in sediments and nutrients, and to provide bank stability. Canopy species in these areas also provide woody debris needed for instream channel structure and aquatic species habitat. | Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Runoff; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Primary Production; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products |
Landuse Management: Mine Reclamation | Lands disturbed by mining must be reclaimed to their Approximate Original Contour (AOC). Mine operators must backfill, compact, and grade in order to restore the AOC of the land with all highwalls, spoil piles, and depressions eliminated. Spoil material is prone to erosion, and may carry various disturbed toxics into groundwater if not properly managed. Temporary roads and impervious surfaces may have also been constructed for mining purposes. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement. POSTMINING LAND USE: Exceptions to Approximate Original Contour Requirements for Mountaintop Removal Operations and steep Slope Mining Operations. Washington, DC. |
Chemical Use Regulations; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coal Mining; Construction Codes & Projects; Decision Support; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Food & Raw Materials; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Manufacturing & Trade; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining; Mining Policies; Mitigation; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Political Pressure; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Valuation; Waterborne Discharges |
Landuse Management: Household Landscaping Best Management Practices | Homeowners manipulate the visible features of the land surrounding their home through landscaping. This includes flora, fauna, and terrain. Best Management Practices (BMPs) for landscaping include selection of indigenous flora and fauna, landscape irrigation (sprinkler systems etc), stormwater runoff BMPs, reducing water use, integrated pest management, composting, and incorporation of permeable surfaces. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Irrigation Association. 2010. Turf and Landscape Irrigation Best Management Practices. |
Applied Chemicals; Biological Addition; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Discharge Limitations; Environmental Education & Outreach; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Impervious Surfaces; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Shelter; Supplemental Feeding; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges |
Landuse Management: Temporary Road Planning and Construction | This management option involves minimizing sediment discharges from forestry and other temporary roads through their planning and construction. Since these roads are seasonal or temporary, less time and effort is normally invested in construction. Road construction has four main phases, clearing, leveling, construction and surfacing. Construction timing should be targeted to avoid sensitive spawning periods and during low stream flow at water passes. Road surface drainage shaping requires proper moisture content, surfacing, and grading. Drainage should be installed to reduce the volume and velocity of runoff water passing over sensitive areas. Methods for road surface drainage include: broad-based dip construction, pole culverts, ditch relief culverts, road outsloping and grading, ditch and turnout construction. Roadway runoff should be prevented from flowing directly into watercourses by using turnouts, wing ditches and dips. Brush barriers, silt fences, riprap and filter strips can be used to trap sediment in runoff water. Where roads cross streams it is important to guard against erosion, as such erosion may necessitate road repairs. | Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water. 1993. Guidance Specifying Management Measures For Sources Of Nonpoint Pollution In Coastal Waters. EPA/840/B-92/002, US EPA, Washington, DC. |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Civil Engineering & Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Decision Support; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land & Air Transportation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Mining; Mining Policies; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Transportation; Transportation Policies |
Marine Zoning: Permitting Application & Award | This management approach is important because permits assure protection and conservation of coral resources from harmful activities and practices. Within sanctuary waters, special use permits (#157) can be used to allow scientists and others to conduct necessary work while following permitting regulations to reduce the impact of that work. General permits are often required for altering land-use, construction projects and certain discharges. To be eligible for a permit, the operator may be required to conduct impact assessments, institute best management practices and conduct monitoring of the project. Though permits are a necessary precaution, the process can be streamlined through ensuring clear submittal requirements, and reducing redundancy. Redundancy often occurs when multiple agencies must approve a permit, a single point of contact and standard, inter-agency protocols can reduce unnecessary redundancy. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Cultural Policies; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Impervious Surfaces; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Point Source Discharges; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Scientific Research; Security & Public Administration Policies; Special Use Permitting |
Monitor & Research: Research Queen Conch Reproduction and Restoration | Inshore Queen Conch may be experiencing reproductive failure. Research on various snails in other parts of the world has shown that snails are susceptible to endocrine disruption caused by various anthropogenic contaminants. This activity will determine the cause of reproductive failure, possibly by endocrine disruption, of queen conch in reef areas. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Applied Chemicals; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Commercial Fisheries; Designate Protected Species; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Molluscs; Recreational Fishing; Reef Inhabitants; Snails & Conch; Waterborne Discharges |
Monitor & Research: Research Historical Hydrology | This activity involves a historical assessment of the hydrology of the surrounding water area around the sanctuary as it has affected water quality and biological communities within the sanctuary. It will clarify the role of freshwater inflows and water quality from local freshwater bodies. Also, this activity will examine the effects of structural modification and changes in quality, quantity, timing and distribution of freshwater releases from existing structures and will examine land-based practices affecting the water quality of runoff. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Applied Chemicals; Chemical Variables; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Physical Variables; Salinity; Seawater Flow; Shoreline Armoring; Stormwater Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water; Water Depth & Sea Level; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges |
Monitor & Research: Water Quality Status and Trends Monitoring | This activity produces long-term, comprehensive information on sanctuary-wide status and trends of water quality parameters. Parameters that should be measured include temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, relative fluorescence, light attenuation, nutrients, chlorophyll, and alkaline phosphatase activity. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Applied Chemicals; Atmospheric Emissions; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Carbon Storage & Cycling; Chemical Variables; Climate; Climate Regulation; CO2; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Light; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Physical Variables; Regulating Services; Salinity; Sea Temperatures; Sediment; Supporting Services; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges |
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Exotic Species Regulations | The release of exotic species is already prohibited in many areas. Often these regulations do not consider exotic species released in ballast water. Regulations on discharge of ship ballast water containing exotic or non-indigenous species is therefore an area for regulatory improvement. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Ballast Discharge; Biocriteria; Biological Addition; Boating Regulations; Discharge Limitations; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Invasive Species; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Transportation Policies; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges |
Regulatory Review and Development: Develop Mobile Source Discharge Controls | Pollution discharge controls regulate where different types of discharges are allowed and what acceptable quantities released are. Typically discharge controls target point sources in the form of effluent pipes (#280), but discharges also occur from mobile sources such as boats and ships. There may need to be revisions on where depositing fish, fish parts, bait, cooling water, engine exhaust, deck wash, and effluent can be released. In many areas, these items are often excluded as prohibited, and they should possibly be included. Pollution discharge controls are different from Water Quality Standards (#22) which set acceptable environmental limits and leave it up to the manager to meet those criteria. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Artisanal Fishing; Ballast Discharge; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Chemical Variables; Coastal Engineering; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Cruise Ships; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Docks & Marinas; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Large Ships; Littering; Oil & Gas Tankers; Physical Damage; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Fishing; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Wastewater Discharge; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges |
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Dredging Regulations | Dredging is oftentimes prohibited with certain exceptions. Dredging regulation often falls under other controls over the alteration of the seabed, discharging or depositing materials. At times dredging is necessary for navigation or other activities, necessitating .permitting mechanisms for allowing otherwise prohibited activities. Revising the regulations to help eliminate negative dredge-and-fill activities within a certain distance of corals would be beneficial because it would help promote the reestablishment of sensitive benthic communities. Reservoirs may require periodic dredging to remove sediment that may have collected. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Beach & Land Formation; Beaches & Nature Parks; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Hydrologic Management; Mining; Mining Policies; Physical Damage; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Sand & Rock Production; Security & Public Administration Policies; Special Use Permitting; Substrate; Transportation; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Water Transportation |
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Artificial Reef Regulations | Discharge/depositing of materials and constructions on the seabed are both prohibited without permits, regulating the construction of new artificial reefs. Likewise, existing artificial reefs are protected through permit requirements for any alternation of the seabed. There are still further considerations for protecting artificial reefs. Artificial reef materials and construction choices are very important and may change based on the specific location and desired impacts. An artificial reef to attract recreational fishing differs from one for recreational divers or shoreline storm protection. Many artificial reefs were formally large ships, oil rigs or other types of waste that have been decommissioned and would be too large and expensive to dismantle on land. In these cases it is important to put restrictions on the sinking process to ensure there won�t be any type of chemical leakage and that the structure is stable on the seabed. (#189) (#190) | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2007. National Artificial Reef Plan: Guidelines for Siting, Construction, Development, and Assessment of Artificial Reefs. US Department of Commerce. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Artificial Habitat; Coastal Defense; Contact Uses; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Dredging Regulations; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Large Ships; Oil & Gas Industry; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Recreational Fishing; Solid Waste Disposal; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Waste Management; Waterborne Discharges |
Researching Other Pollutants and Water Quality Issues: Estimate other pollutant loadings | This activity involves documenting the locations and magnitude of pollution impact other than wastewater. Sources can be from inside and outside of the Sanctuary. Pollutants can include hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and pesticides. Water Quality standards (#22) Waste water (#21) | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Applied Chemicals; Chemical Variables; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical & Chemical Environment; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Pressures; Responses; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges |
Resource Use Management: Develop Water Efficiency Initiatives | Reducing water use through cost effective water efficiency improvements can be beneficial as it reduces pressure on water as a finite resource and saves money. There are several ways water efficiency can be promoted. Some Water Efficiency BMPs recommended by the EPA include: Water Management Planning; Information and Education Programs; Distribution System Audits, Leak Detection and Repair; Water-Efficient Landscaping, Water-Efficient Irrigation; Toilets and Urinals; Faucets and Showerheads; Boiler/Steam Systems; Single-Pass Cooling Equipment; Cooling Tower Management; Commercial Kitchen Equipment; Laboratory/ Medical Equipment; Other Water Intensive Processes; Alternative Water Sources. One of the ways the US government has promoted Water Efficiency Initiatives is through Executive order 13123 which places certain water use reduction requirements on Federal Agencies. There are also existing funding and incentives for non-government sectors. Project funding comes in many forms, such as appropriations, energy savings performance contract (ESPC) and Utility Energy Service Contract (UESCs) programs; ratepayer incentive programs such as rebates from public benefit funds or utilities; and the retention of energy and water cost savings. | US Department of Energy. 2008. Establishing Baseline and Meeting Water Conservation Goals of Executive Order 13423. Environmental Protection Agency. Federal Water Efficiency Best Management Practices. Federal Energy Management Program Accessed 7/12/2011. |
Agriculture; Collaboration & Partnering; Designated Uses; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Environmental Education & Outreach; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Hydrologic Management; Irrigation; Landscaping & Household Services; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Resource Use Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Textiles & Apparel; Utilities; Utility Policies; Water; Water Resources; Water Utilities Policies; Waterborne Discharges |
Resource Use Management: Prevent Introduction of Invasive Species | Preventing the introduction of invasive species involves public awareness of the invasive species, minimizing modes and prone areas for invasion, and detecting small populations for early eradication. Some common modes of terrestrial transportation include livestock and domestic animals, mowing equipment, and firewood. Clean equipment before transport to a new location. Remove soil from plants, and plant bare-root. Use high grade seed and weed free livestock feeds. Reduce opportunities for invasive plants by keeping native plant populations strong and healthy and seeding in cover crops to reduce barren soil. | Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Ballast Discharge; Biological Addition; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharge Limitations; Environmental Education & Outreach; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Invasive Species; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landscaping & Household Services; Manufacturing & Trade; Transportation; Water Transportation | |
Restoration: Environmental Remediation | Environmental Remediation is a type of restoration that's focus ranges from Brownfields to Oil Spills to Hazardous Waste Sites. These restoration activities aim to restore the site to a previous condition, or to a condition that is not a threat to human health or other forms of life. Several standards can be used to determine when remediation is necessary and to what extent the environment should be restores. Biocriteria can be used to determine the degree of degradation to biological components of the site. Often it is the presence of a particular pollutant in the soil, water or air, which is above acceptable limits and will not degrade fast enough over a short period of time and therefore must be removed. Physical and chemical water quality criteria can be used to set maximum acceptable limits of water quality parameters. Air quality criteria can be used to set acceptable maximum and minimum air standards for remediation. | Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. 2005. Contaminated Sediment Remediation Guidance for Hazardous Waste Sites. EPA-540-R-05-012, US Environmental Protection Agency. Environment Protection Authority. EPA Guidelines for Environmental management of on-site remediation. Environment Protection Authority, Adelaide, Australia. |
Applied Chemicals; Biocriteria; City Planning; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Health; Health Policies; Landuse Management; Littering; Manufacturing & Trade; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Military; Mining; Mining Policies; Mitigation; Monetary Valuation; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Pipelines; Point Source Discharges; Public Administration; Remediation; Security; Solid Waste Disposal; Supporting Services; Toxics; Valuation; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products |
Restoration: Land Reclamation Integrating Toxic Discharge Controls | This option aims to eliminate unsightly residues, reduce erosion and control acid or otherwise toxic aqueous discharges from abandoned coal mines, coalmine waste or other types of land change. For toxic mine drainage, preventative actions include mine sealing, infiltration control, day lighting, and neutralization with alkaline material such as hydrated lime. Which action to take relies heavily on groundwater and runoff in the region of the mine. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Aquaculture; Coal Mining; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Hydrologic Management; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining; Mining Policies; Non-point Source Controls; Ocean Acidity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges |
Restoration: Land Reclamation Integrating Landslide Treatments | This management option is exercised to prevent down slope movement of earthen materials, including natural soils, and spoil/waste from mining or forestry activities. Extreme caution and planning must be exercised before permitting any personnel, equipment or other machinery into the slide area. An experienced engineer should analyze the stability of the site both before and after alterations are made to evaluate stability. Water Control: sources of water that enter the area can be controlled to keep the material dry, as it is typically more stable when dry. Loading Control: where appropriate, consider removing excess material from upper portions of the slide area to reduce slide mass. Slope Reduction: where practice, use grading to reduce the slope of the slide area. Increasing Internal Strength: consider the impact of removing and recompacting of material at designed levels of moisture and with biotechnical slope stabilization practices. External Restraints: external restraints can be used where slope movements must be limited due to surrounding valued improvements (e.g. structures), where manipulation of the material may not achieve desired improvements. External restraints must be designed to prevent overturning, sliding at or below the base, and bearing failure of the foundation. Vegetative Treatment: deep rooted grasses and shrubs with proven performance in soil bioengineering applications can be planted using selected soil bioengineering or biotechnical slope stabilization techniques appropriate to the site. Transpiration and infiltration should be considered when choosing vegetation. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Forestry; Infrastructure; Insurance; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mining; Mining Policies; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment |
Stormwater BMPs: Biological Stormwater Retention/Detention | This method attempts to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff through implementation of natural structures that retain runoff water for further treatment or controlled release. These structures are typically characterized as retention ponds and incorporate natural vegetation such as grass. These ponds may be dry, or may drain into nearby wetlands. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Dry Extended Detention Ponds. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Poresky, A., Clary, J., Strecker, E., and Earles, A. 2011. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database. Technical Summary: Volume Reduction. Geosyntec Consultants. |
Applied Chemicals; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Hydrologic Management; Infrastructural Policies; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Primary Production; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Substrate; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges |
Stormwater BMPs: Sustained Reservoir Minimum Release of Minimum Baseflow to Sustain Aquatic Habitat | In some regions, even high intensity rivers (e.g. Rio Loco, Puerto Rico) are seasonal, drying for long enough to kill aquatic vegetation. Creating a constant baseflow would help sustain aquatic life and ultimately help to process nutrients. High intensity rivers are already prone to extreme channel erosion from the high flow rates, this erosion is even greater without any benthic biota to hold sediment on the river bottom. Restricting the release of reservoir water to that required to maintain aquatic biota would reduce the intensity of flow, stabilize the river bottom, create habitat and naturally process nutrients that could potentially contribute to eutrophication out on the coral reef. | Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Algae; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Climate; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Drinking Water Supply; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Hydrologic Management; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical Variables; Point Source Discharges; Pressures; Primary Production; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Regulating Services; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Utilities; Waste Management; Water; Waterborne Discharges; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands |
Stormwater BMPs: Rainwater Collection Systems | Creating a rainwater collection system (either through policy change or the initiative of homeowners) would help in many ways. These systems would utilize water in an efficient manner. It would reduce the pressure of water as a finite resource. Water would be collected and utilized before it reaches the ground. Once rain falls to the ground, it picks up nutrients, chemicals, and pathogens on the ground and transports them in the form of runoff. Eventually this contaminated stormwater runoff enters water resources through the drainage basin. Collecting a considerable amount of water would prevent contamination of that water, and allow for it to be usable. Also, it would reduce the amount of water that is lost when it is contaminated as runoff. An overall reduced amount of stormwater runoff would reduce the amount of contaminants that would harm corals. | Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Cisterns used for water harvesting. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/18/2011. Leisenring, M., Clary, J., Stephenson, J., and Hobson, P. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database Pollutant Category Summary: Nutrients. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. |
Applied Chemicals; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Climate; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Drinking Water Supply; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Food & Energy Policies; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Shelter; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Water Utilities Policies; Waterborne Discharges |
Stormwater BMPs: Structural Stormwater Retention/Detention | This method attempts to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff through implementation of engineering structures that retain runoff water for further treatment or controlled release. Water collection can be selective, targeting the first flush of water, which is typically the most polluted. Water retention has the additional benefit of later release at a place and time when the water is needed (e.g. for irrigation). Rainwater Collection Systems (#11) can be an important water resource in areas where freshwater is limited. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Combined Infiltration/Detention Basin. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Detention Devices for Dry/Wet Ponds. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Dry Extended Detention Ponds. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Leisenring, M., Clary, J., Stephenson, J., and Hobson, P. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database Pollutant Category Summary: Nutrients. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. Poresky, A., Clary, J., Strecker, E., and Earles, A. 2011. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database. Technical Summary: Volume Reduction. Geosyntec Consultants. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2010. Stormwater Runoff Controls. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2008. Water and Sediment Control Basin. CODE 638. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Water Volume Management. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/25/2011. |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Climate; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical Variables; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Shoreline Armoring; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges |
Stormwater BMPs: Structural Stormwater Infiltration | This management option attempts to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff through implementation of engineering structures that control the volume of surface water, facilitating faster absorption of the stormwater into the ground. Often these structures are able to infiltrate larger amounts of water faster while reducing exposure to surface sediments and pollutants. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. Combined Infiltration/Detention Basin. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Leisenring, M., Clary, J., Stephenson, J., and Hobson, P. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database Pollutant Category Summary: Nutrients. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. Poresky, A., Clary, J., Strecker, E., and Earles, A. 2011. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database. Technical Summary: Volume Reduction. Geosyntec Consultants. US EPA. EPA Infiltration BMPs. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011. |
Applied Chemicals; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Climate; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Drinking Water Supply; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Substrate; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges |
Stormwater BMPs: Structural Stormwater Filtration | This method attempts to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff through implementation of engineering structures that trap or filter impurities out of runoff water. These include but are not limited to, using swales, filter strips, oil/water separators, oil/grit separators, and sand filters. Often structural retrofitting is coupled with biological filters/controls to direct water as desired and to fully reap the benefits of both systems. Structural filters are often incorporated into retention/detention and infiltration systems as well. One disadvantage of structural filters is that they are often higher maintenance as sand and chambers fill and clog with pollutants over time. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Compost Filter System. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Dry Swale. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Median Strip Infiltration Trench. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Montgomery County Water Quality Inlet. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Off-Line Infiltration Basin. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Oil/Water Separators. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Organic Sand Filter. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Peat Sand Filter. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Perimeter Sand Filter. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Pocket Sand Filter. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Rockville Water Quality Inlet. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Sediment Basin (Water Quality Enhancement). Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Side-by-Side Infiltration Basin. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Surface Sand Filter. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Underground Sand Filter. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Underground Trench with Oil/Grit Chamber. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Under-the-Swale Infiltration Trench. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Water Quality Volume (WQV) Storage Tank. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Water Environment Research Foundation, American Society of Civil Engineers, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Highway Administration, American Public Works Association, editor. 2008. Overview of Performance by BMP Category and Common Pollutant Type. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database [1999-2008]. Leisenring, M., Clary, J., Stephenson, J., and Hobson, P. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database Pollutant Category Summary: Nutrients. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. US EPA. EPA Filtration BMPs. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011. US EPA. Manufactured Products for Stormwater Inlets. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011. US EPA. Alum Injection. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2010. Stormwater Runoff Controls. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2005. Solid/liquid Waste Separation Facility. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. |
Applied Chemicals; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Food & Energy Policies; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Improved Technology; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges |
Stormwater BMPs: Biological Stormwater Filtration | This method attempts to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff through implementing engineering techniques that allow natural processes and plants to act as filters. Such techniques would include using grass parking and turf covered swales. Many of these techniques, such as reversed elevations for planted areas in parking lots, can demonstrate benefits both as natural filters and for the vegetation that are used since it eliminates the need to water them with irrigation systems. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Basic Biofiltration Swale. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Bioretention System. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Constructed Wetland. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Filter Strips. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Reversed Elevations System for Parking Lots and Planting Areas. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Riparian Forest Buffer. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Roadway Landscape Treatment System. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Wet Biofiltration Swale. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Wet Pond Design. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Wet Swale. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/23/2011. Water Environment Research Foundation, American Society of Civil Engineers, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Highway Administration, American Public Works Association, editor. 2008. Overview of Performance by BMP Category and Common Pollutant Type. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database [1999-2008]. Leisenring, M., Clary, J., Stephenson, J., and Hobson, P. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database Pollutant Category Summary: Nutrients. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. |
Applied Chemicals; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Climate; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Golf Course Operations; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Primary Production; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Substrate; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Utilities; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges |
Stormwater BMPs: Stormwater Pollution Reduction Through Instituting Preventitive Best Management Practices | This method focuses on reducing the amount of harmful contaminants in stormwater runoff by establishing Best Management Practices that prevent the generation of the pollutant to begin with. These BMPs include educational programs, infrastructure improvements and agricultural BMPs. Examples of educational programs would be programs that educate the public on the importance of, and how to avoid depositing hazardous wastes, such as oil, into storm drains, or how to use landscape management controls to limit the chemical and debris that from enter stormwater runoff from their personal lawns. Infrastructure improvement could include the use of alternative turnarounds and street cleaning. Agricultural practices such as roofs and covers for pesticides and equipment, or use of bedding are both preventative stormwater practices. Some additional specific practices include: controlling fertilizer application, properly using and disposing of fertilizers, pesticides, motor oil, and other harmful chemicals, debris removal, exposure reduction, minimization of pollutants, parking lot cleaning, stormwater catch basin insert, eliminate curbs and gutters, green parking, green roofs, street design and patterns, bedding. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. US EPA. Alternative Turnarounds. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011. US EPA. Eliminate Curbs and Gutters. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011. US EPA. Green Parking. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011. US EPA. Green Roofs. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011. US EPA. Street Design and Patterns. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Menu of BMPs Accessed 3/25/2011. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/25/2011. Irrigation Association. 2010. Turf and Landscape Irrigation Best Management Practices. |
Agriculture; Applied Chemicals; Chemical Use Regulations; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Environmental Education & Outreach; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Housing; Hydrologic Management; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Mining; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Industry; Road Construction & Maintenance; Security & Public Administration Policies; Shelter; Solid Waste Disposal; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Supporting Services; Toxics; Utilities; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges |
Transportation Policy: Dust Control Application | This action is taken to control dust from unpaved roads and other surfaces, which is generated by traffic and/or wind. Some dust control products (palliatives) for application include: water, hydroscopic palliatives, adhesive, petroleum emulsion, polymer emulsion, clay additive, and bituminous. There are specific considerations for application of each, including seasons and when to use which. For example, hygroscopic palliatives (control dust by absorbing water from the air) shall not be used in arid and semi-arid environments. Calcium chloride and magnesium chloride shall not be used in locations where the daily summertime relative humidity averages below 30%. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Agriculture; Construction Codes & Projects; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Food & Raw Materials; Forestry; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Land & Air Transportation; Mining; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Transportation; Transportation Policies |
Wastewater Pollutants Impacts: Wastewater Pollutant Monitoring and Impact Studies | Potential approaches to this management option include experimental studies, eutrophication gradient studies, comparative studies of impacted and non-impacted sites, historical studies, geography comparison, use of biochemical and ecological indicators, use of sewage tracers, and high-frequency and spatially intensive water quality sampling. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Chemical Variables; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Health Policies; Infrastructure; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Environment; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Pressures; Public Administration; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Socio-Economic Drivers; Utilities; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Waterborne Discharges |
Water Quality Management: Reduce Pollution & Discharges from Marinas & Live-Aboards | This management option strives to reduce and eliminate the discharge of wastewater and pollution within zones near corals. In many instances, "no-discharge" zones already exist and are simply poorly enforced. In other instances the discharge limits are not stringent enough. Successful regulation requires marinas to be equipped with the proper infrastructure to support transfer of wastewater from vessels to shore-side for treatment. This infrastructure includes: pump-out facilities and mobile pump-out services. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Biological Addition; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Coastal Engineering; Cyanobacteria; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Docks & Marinas; Health; Health Policies; Marine Debris; Microorganisms; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Pathogens; Physical Damage; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sewage Treatment; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges |
Water Quality Management: Pet Waste Cleanup Ordinance & Education | In residential areas, pet waste can contributes to the large amount of nutrients and pathogens that enter the water through stormwater runoff. This is especially useful in regions such as Gu�nica, Puerto Rico where there are a lot of stray dogs. Education for pet-owners and possible ordinance would help decrease harmful pathogens reaching corals through stormwater runoff and reduce eutrophication. | Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Animal Waste Collection. Urban BMP's - Water Runoff Management Accessed 3/18/2011. Clary, J., Leisenring, M., and Jeray, J. 2010. International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database. Pollutant Category Summary: Fecal Indicator Bacteria. Wright Water Engineers. |
Aquarium & Pet Trade; Biological Addition; Chemical Variables; Cultural Policies; Cultural Services; Culture; Cyanobacteria; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Domestic Animal Waste; Environmental Education & Outreach; Health; Health Policies; Invasive Species; Landscaping & Household Services; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Shelter; Solid Waste Disposal; Stormwater Management; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Water; Water Resources; Water Utilities Policies; Waterborne Discharges |
Water Quality Management: Wastewater Management System Standards | This management option involves reducing the amount of pollutants entering groundwater by enforcing existing standards. Inspection and compliance programs for cesspits, Onsite Sewage Treatment and Disposal Systems (OSTDS) and septic tanks are necessary to do this. Municipal sewage treatment plants have a variety of means to meet these standards, including improving management of current treatment systems or upgrading treatment systems with newer technology. Some of these technologies include: Continuous-Flow, Suspended-Growth Aerobic Systems (CFSGAS), Fixed-film, Sequencing batch reactor systems, Stabilization ponds, FWS constructed wetlands, and other aquatic systems (#2), Enhanced nutrient removal: phosphorus & nitrogen, Recirculating sand/media filters and Land treatment systems. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. Center for Watershed Protection. 2004. Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination. US EPA. US Environmental Protection Agency. 2002. Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Manual. EPA/625/R-00/008, US EPA. |
Chemical Variables; City Planning; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Improved Technology; Landuse Management; Nutrients; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Supporting Services; Utilities; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges |
Water Quality Management: Treating Effluent Water Through Wetlands | Additional treatment of sewage is often a necessary management option because secondary treatment alone leaves 20,000 times more nutrients in the water than the safe limit for corals. High concentrations of nutrients in the water leads to eutrophication, and coral reefs are more sensitive to nutrient enrichment than any other coastal system. Wetlands are extremely successful at reducing nitrogen levels in water. Using natural wetlands or "living machines" to perform this task can actually be more cost effective than further sewage treatment. Each successive wetland treatment cell of the series can provide incredible levels of denitrification, and thus protect corals from nutrient enrichment. | Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2003. Waste Treatment Lagoon. CODE 359. U.S. Depatrment of Agriculture. |
Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Primary Production; Security & Public Administration Policies; Sewage Treatment; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands |
Water Quality Management: Protection of Resources from Hazardous Materials & Spills | Wherever possible, take actions to decrease the likelihood of hazardous materials spills near corals. Even when risks are reduced significantly, spills may still occur, necessitating contingency plans (#56). In order for reef managers to stay informed of the latest spills/updates, a spill-reporting system should be established along with a geo-referenced database that keeps track of all spills within a certain distance of reefs. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. Puerto Rico and USVI Area Planning Committees. 2008. Hazardous Substances Pollution Area Contingency Plan. Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin islands. USCG. 2007. Hazardous Substances Pollution Area Contingency Plan. Florida Keys. |
Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Energy Policy & Development; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Large Ships; Oil & Gas Industry; Oil & Gas Rigs; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Small Boats; Toxics; Transportation; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges |
Water Quality Plans: Reducing Pollution Discharges from Marinas and Live-Aboards | This plan strives to reduced pollution discharges through more strictly enforcing already-existing regulations for discharging. This includes enforcing regulations that restrict boaters from releasing sewage into state waters and requiring connecting toilets to shore-side plumbing. Also, this entails enforcing "no-discharge" zones where live-aboard vessels congregate or where there is history of violation issues with sewage release. The third component to this plan would be to develop and education plan to educate boaters on how/why to reduce pollution from their vessels. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. US EPA. 2011. Vessel General Permit Fact Sheet. 2005. Brightwork: Best Management Practices Manual for Maine's Boatyards and Marinas. |
Biological Addition; Contact Uses; Cultural Policies; Culture; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Entertainment & Accommodation Services; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fishing Sector; Food & Raw Materials; Health; Health Policies; Infrastructure; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Pressures; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Sewage Treatment; Socio-Economic Drivers; Tourism & Recreation; Utilities; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges |
Water Quality Plans: Resource Monitoring of Surface Discharges | This strategy will identify the impacts of point-source discharges by requiring all National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System dischargers to develop monitoring programs. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Health; Health Policies; Infrastructure; Physical & Chemical Environment; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Pressures; Public Administration; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Security & Public Administration Policies; Socio-Economic Drivers; Utilities; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges |
Waterway Management: Manage Canal Water Quality | This management option addresses water quality issues that may arise from nearshore, confined areas, specifically dead-end canals. This management response does not focus on wastewater discharges into canals, but instead on the hydrologic structure and orientation of the canal itself. Physical problems with canal orientation can lead to such problems as low flushing and build-up of weed wrack. This is a problem because the build-up of weed wrack consumes oxygen and releases nutrients as it decays. When combined with low flushing and circulation, dead end canals have decreased oxygen concentrations, accelerated eutrophication, and accumulate organic materials, pollutants and sediment. To improve the current canal system, management can inventory and map canals to identify high risk hotspots and candidates for future canal restoration projects. Canals are typically constructed to best suit the water access needs of local homes and businesses. Preventing high risk canals from being constructed, or placing certain requirements on their construction through permitting is one way to reduce future problem spots. Some design strategies include: Construct non-linear canals without right-angles and flared inlets oriented to prevailing winds. Instead of dead-ends, canals should include a flow through water exchange system or install mechanical pumps. Canals should be as wide as possible in relation to depth and length. Canal depth should be uniform or progressively shallower away from the parent waterbody, with sloping banks (eliminate requirements for navigable depths to shoreline). Some canal improvement strategies include: Implement weed gates, air curtains, and aeration systems. Direct all stormwater and effluent away from canal systems. Reduce bulkheading and restore native vegetative buffers (#1). Promote diversity of substrates and habitats. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Applied Chemicals; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Building & Home Construction; Chemical Variables; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Decision Support; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Docks & Marinas; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Hydrologic Management; Improved Technology; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Physical Damage; Physical Variables; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Provisioning Services; Regulating Services; Seawater Flow; Shoreline Armoring; Shoreline Protection; Small Boats; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Transportation; Transportation Policies; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Water; Water Depth & Sea Level; Water Resources; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands |
Waterway Management: Collaborate with Projects Changing Water-Flow | Other organizations may be performing restorative freshwater projects (Everglades Restoration) or other flow altering projects (e.g. canals for small boats, agricultural irrigation etc) that affect the downstream marine management area (Florida Bay). Projects on the coast that involve hydrologic modifications (such as changing salinity) must be closely monitored in order to protect reef quality. Reefs are very sensitive systems and can only survive in a narrow salinity range. By taking an active role and monitoring freshwater flow projects, management staff can better ensure proper consideration of the impact on coastal marine environments. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. 2010. Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: 2009 System Status Report. |
Collaboration & Partnering; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Decision Support; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Hydrologic Management; Landscape Changes; Point Source Discharges; Public Administration; Salinity; Security & Public Administration Policies; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges |
Waterway Management: Starting slower releases for longer durations from high-intensity rivers in coastal watershed and other methods of reducing sediment transport | Slower releases with longer durations would be an advantage to short, intense releases. This is because current short, high intensity releases from rivers that are in the coastal watershed (like Rio Loco into Lagos Loco and Lucchetti) contributes to additional channel erosion and increase of suspending sediments in the water. | Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Hydrologic Management; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Light; Point Source Discharges; Pressures; Primary Production; Water; Waterborne Discharges |
Waterway Management: Stream Bank Riparian Plantings | Planting native vegetation and trees in riparian zones helps to reduce erosion within channels. Such vegetation helps anchor the soil and sediment in place. Planting in riparian zones goes in hand with Remove Previous Canal and Irrigation Infrastructure (#274). This management option can be exercised in streams, canals used for boat passage, stormwater drainage ditches, or in agricultural irrigation channels. | Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Carbon Storage & Cycling; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Food & Energy Policies; Forestry; Hydrologic Management; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Primary Production; Provisioning Services; Sediment; Stormwater Management; Supporting Services; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Transportation; Utilities; Water; Water Resources; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges |
Waterway Management: Remove Previous Canal and Irrigation Infrastructure | Canal and irrigation infrastructure typically includes concrete structures to control the flow of water. These low head dams, bulkheads, concrete footers, and other structures act as constricting forces in channels. This constriction leads to debris becoming lodged and thus changing the erosive forces. In turn, banks become destabilized. Channel erosion then increases along with bed scour and sediment transport. Removing these structures and making banks more gradual has the added benefit of allowing for riparian vegetation to be planted, which acts as a natural buffer. | Center for Watershed Protection. 2008. Guanica Bay watershed management plan. |
Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; City Planning; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Food & Raw Materials; Hydrologic Management; Impervious Surfaces; Infrastructural Policies; Irrigation; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Non-point Source Controls; Physical Damage; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Small Boats; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Transportation; Water; Water Resources; Water Transportation; Waterborne Discharges |
Waterway Management: Control River Volume Using Dams and Resevoirs | Constructing dams and creating reservoirs can have many affects, both positive and negative. Like smaller scale structural stormwater retention (#263), this management option retains groundwater for later controlled release. On this scale, the creation of a reservoir may require flooding of an area behind the dam that had other uses (e.g. agriculture). Proper vegetation can be used in and around the reservoir to incorporate biological filtration (#261). Slowing the release of water into rivers reduces the intensity of flow, reducing channel erosion. However, water should still be released consistently to allow for aquatic habitat to be maintained on the river bottom (#8). Lastly, with the correct infrastructure, a dam can be used as a sustainable hydroelectric energy source. | Morris, G.L., Fan, J. 1998. Reservoir Sedimentation Handbook: Design and management of dams, reservoirs, and watersheds for sustainable use. Ver. 1.04 edition. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. Environmental Protection Agency. 2007. National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Hydromodification. EPA 841-B-07-002, Office of Water, Washington, DC. |
Civil Engineering & Construction; Climate; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Energy Policy & Development; Hydrologic Management; Improved Technology; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Land-Based Civil Engineering; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical Variables; Point Source Discharges; Storms & Hurricanes; Stormwater Management; Utilities; Utility Policies; Waste Management; Water; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands |
Laws
Legal Citation | Purpose of Law | Management Organization | Database Topics |
---|---|---|---|
25-Year Permits for Maintenance Dredging in Deepwater Ports; Deepwater Ports Maintenance Dredging and Disposal Manual, 62-045 Florida Administrative Code. | 62-45.001 Authority, Intent and Policy.
(1) This chapter is promulgated under the authority of Sections 403.061(26) and 403.816(1), F.S.
(2) It is the intent of this chapter to establish a permitting system for maintenance dredging in deep water commercial navigation
areas of the ports listed in Rule 62-45.020, F.A.C. This chapter incorporates standards and criteria which recognize the present most
beneficial use of these waters for deep water commercial navigation. Since the implementation of a comprehensive maintenance
dredging management plan is a major factor in determining the adequacy of a long-term maintenance dredging program, it is the
further intent of this chapter to give a position of prominence to such a plan within this permit system.
(3) It is the policy of the Department to provide a regulatory process which will enable the ports to conduct maintenance
dredging in an environmentally sound, expeditious and efficient manner.62-45.020 Scope.
(1) The permit system established by this chapter applies only to the ports of Ft. Pierce, Jacksonville, Miami, Palm Beach,
Panama City, Pensacola, Port Canaveral, Port Everglades, Port Manatee, Port St. Joe, St. Petersburg, and Tampa.
(2) The activities which may be included within a permit issued under this chapter are limited to maintenance dredging and
disposal of the maintenance dredged material.
(3) Applicants for permits under this chapter are limited to the port authorities or private interests using the port for deep water
commercial shipping and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Department shall not issue separate permits to the port authority or
private interests and the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers when the responsibility of maintenance dredging or the disposal of the
maintenance dredged material from the port is shared by any of the parties. The permit, if issued, shall clearly specify the duties and
responsibilities of each party.
(4) A permit may be issued for any length of time up to 25 years. There shall be no more than one such permit for each of the
ports listed in subsection (1).
(5) The area within which work under this permit system may take place is limited to the federally maintained, port authority
maintained, or private interest maintained navigation channels, turning basins, or harbor berths associated with deep water
commercial navigation and associated dredged material disposal sites. Eligible port maintenance dredging areas are depicted on
NOS Charts Nos. 11491 (Port of Jacksonville), 11478 (Port Canaveral), 11475 (Fort Pierce Harbor), 11466 (Port of Palm Beach),
11468 (Port of Miami), 11470 (Port Everglades), 11413 (Tampa Bay, Northern Part), 11414 (Tampa Bay, Southern Part), 11393
(Port St. Joe), 11391 (Panama City), and 11383 (Port of Pensacola) on file with the Department and adopted here by reference.
Copies are available at cost upon request from the Office of Beaches and Coastal Systems, 3900 Commonwealth Boulevard, MS
300, Tallahassee, Florida 32399-3000. Application to Coral Reefs:Proper, environmentally sound, dredging and disposal of dredged material, as reviewed by permit processers, will limit the amount of sediment and nutrients released to open water. The process will be particularly applicable to coral reefs for the dredging and disposal of Miiami harbor. Legislative Actions: Comments: |
Florida State Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US State Waters |
Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Large Ships; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Tankers; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sediment |
Administrative fines for damaging State Lands of products thereof, 18-14 Florida Administrative Code. | 18-14.003 Violations.
It shall be a violation of this rule for any person or the agent of any person to knowingly refuse to comply with any provision of
Chapter 253, F.S., willfully violate any provision of Chapter 253, F.S., or to willfully damage state land (the ownership or
boundaries of which have been established by the state) or products thereof, by doing any of the following:
(1) Fill, excavate, or dredge, including prop dredging in a manner which produces a defined channel, on state land without the
lease, license, easement or other form of consent required by the Board.
(2) Remove, in violation of state or federal law, any product from state land without written approval or specific exemption
from the Board or Department.
(3) Discharge contaminants, wastes, effluents, sewage or any other pollutant as defined in Chapter 376 or Chapter 403, F.S.,
on, under or over state land; when such discharge is in violation of Chapter 403 or conditions of a permit issued pursuant to that
chapter, or conditions of a lease or easement issued pursuant to Chapter 253, F.S.
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(4) Maintain, place or build permanent or temporary structures, including, but not limited to, additions to existing structures;
all structures whose use is not water-dependent; sanitary septic systems; fences, docks and pilings; houses; oil rigs; and utility
installations on or over state land without consent or authority from the Board or Department.
(5) Place garbage, refuse, or debris on or over state land without approval by the Board or Department.
(6) Any other willful act that causes damage to state land, or products thereof, when such activity occurs without the required
approval by the Board or Department. Application to Coral Reefs:Controlling and limiting excavation and dredging, as well as discharge of contaminants, wastes, sewage, and other pollutants will assist in keeping sediment and pollutants from reaching the coral reefs and causing degradation of reef organisms.. Legislative Actions: Comments:Administrative Fines for Damaging State Lands or Products Thereof |
Florida State Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US State Waters |
Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Ballast Discharge; Coastal Engineering; Commercial Fisheries; Construction Codes & Projects; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Educational & Research Opportunities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Petroleum Spills; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Substrate; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Biscayne Bay Aquatic Preserve, 18-18 Florida Administrative Code. | 18-18.001 Intent.
(1) The Biscayne Bay Aquatic Preserve, the boundaries of which are fully described in Rule 18-18.002, F.A.C., was established for the purpose of preserving and enhancing Biscayne Bay and all natural waterways tidally connected to the bay in an essentially natural condition so that its biological and aesthetic values may endure for the enjoyment of future generations.
(2) These rules shall apply to all lands public and private within the boundaries of the preserve. However, privately owned uplands shall be excluded from these rules except as otherwise provided for herein.
(3) In promulgating and implementing these rules, it is the intent of the Department to construe the provisions of Sections 258.397 and 258.35 through 258.46, F.S., together and to apply the more stringent statutory provisions for the maintenance of the preserve.
(4) The preserve shall be administered and managed in accordance with the following goals:
(a) To preserve, protect, and enhance Biscayne Bay and all natural waterways tidally connected to the bay by reasonable regulation of human activity within the preserve through the development and implementation of a comprehensive management program;
(b) To protect and enhance the waters of the preserve so that the public may continue to enjoy the traditional recreational uses of those waters such as swimming, boating and fishing;
(c) To coordinate with federal, state, and local agencies to aid in carrying out the intent of the legislature in creating the preserve;
(d) To use applicable federal, state, and local management programs, which are compatible with the intent and provisions of the Act and these rules, to assist in managing the preserve;
(e) To encourage activities that protect or enhance the biological and aesthetic values of the preserve, including but not limited to the modification of existing manmade conditions towards their natural condition, when reviewing applications or developing and implementing management plans for the preserve;
(f) To preserve and promote indigenous life forms and habitats including but not limited to sponges, soft corals, hard corals, seagrasses, mangroves, mud flats, marine reptiles, game and non-game fish species, marine mammals, tropical marine invertebrates, birds and shellfish;
(g) To acquire additional title interests in land wherever such acquisitions would serve to protect or enhance the biological or aesthetic values of the preserve. Application to Coral Reefs:Biscayne Bay Aquatic Preserve protection of water quality will contribute to a lowering of contaminants leaving the preserve on tides and thus limiting the contaminants that reach off-shore ecosystems including the FKNMS and the reef system within the sanctuary. Legislative Actions: Comments:This chapter establishes the rules to protect the Biscayne Bay Aquatic Preserve, which was established for the purpose of preserving and enhancing Biscayne Bay and all natural waterways tidally connected to the bay in an essentially natural condition so that its biological and aesthetic values may endure for the enjoyment of future generations. |
Florida State Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: Designated Marine Areas |
Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Ballast Discharge; Boat Movement; Coastal Development; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Hydrologic Management; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Debris; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Small Boats; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Chapter 17: Oil soil prevention and pollution control, 12 Virgin Islands Code. | Prohibits the discharge of oil, petroleum products or their by-products, and other pollutants into or upon any coastal waters, estuaries, tidal flats, beaches, and land adjoining the seacoast of the Territory. Requires prompt containment and removal of petroleum. Application to Coral Reefs:Protects ecosystems, including coral reefs, from petroleum spills and provides for cleanup. Legislative Actions:Established the Virgin Island Coastal Protection Fund of $1,000,000 for cleanup response. Prohibits derilict vessels upon any public waters or ports. Provides for civil penaltiesup to $50,000per day. Requires a National Contingency Plan. Comments:Because it is the intent of this chapter to provide the means for rapid and effective cleanup and to minimize damages, any licensee and its agents or servants, including vessels destined for or leaving a licensee's terminal facility, who permits or suffers a prohibited discharge or other polluting condition to take place within territorial boundaries shall be liable to the territory for all costs of cleanup or other damage incurred by the territory and for damages resulting from injury to others. The territory shall have an absolute maritime lien which shall attach to any vessel and its freight on behalf of the territory or any person injured, for all costs of cleanup and other damages incurred as a result of a prohibited discharge. In any suit to enforce claims of the territory under this chapter, it shall not be necessary for the territory to plead or prove negligence in any form or manner on the part of the licensee or any vessel. If the territory is damaged by a discharge prohibited by this chapter it need only plead and prove the fact of the prohibited discharge or other polluting condition and that it occurred. In addition to the civil penalty, the pilot and the master of any vessel or person in charge of any licensee's terminal facility who fails to give immediate notification of a discharge to the harbor master and nearest U.S. Coast Guard station shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and fined not less than $5,000 nor more than $10,000. The Department shall, by rules and regulations, require that the licensee designate a person at the terminal facility who shall be the person in charge of that facility for the purposes specified by this section. |
US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US Virgin Islands |
Collaboration & Partnering; Mangroves; Oil & Gas Tankers; Petroleum Spills; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Water Resources |
Chapter 7: Water pollution control, 12 Virgin Islands Code. | In coordination with EPA through Section 401 of the Clean Water Act, establishes controls for the discharge of wastewater and other pollutants to waters of the USVI, sets water quality standards. The Commissioner sets water quality standards applicable to he United States Virgin Islands to protect the public health and welfare and the present and future usa of such waters for public water supplies, propagation of fish, aquatic life and wildlife , recreational purposes and other legitamate uses. The standards are to be reviewed every three years. Application to Coral Reefs:Water of polluted quality is detrimental to propagation and survival of coral reef organisms. Setting appropriate water quality standards will play a major role in protecting coral reefs. Legislative Actions:The Commissioner or any USVI resident can commence a civil action. Civil penalties for violators are not to exceed $50,000 per day. Any knowingly or negligently discharging polluants can be crimimnally punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 nor more than $75,000 per day of violation. A second conviction can be punishable up to a fine of $100,000, six years in jail, or both. Comments: |
US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US Virgin Islands |
Biocriteria; Discharges; Health Policies; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Sewage Treatment; Waste Management Policies |
Clean Water Act of 1974, 33 United States Code § 1252. | To restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation's waters Application to Coral Reefs:The Act can be used to establish water quality standards for the disharge of pollutants into surface waters. Section 101 (3) stated that it will be the national policy that the discharge of toxic pollutants in toxic amounts will be prohibited. The legislation employs a variety of regulatory and nonregulatory tools to reduce direct pollutant discharges into waterways, finance wastewater treatment facilities, and manage polluted runoff. The tools are employed to achieve the broad goal of restoring and maintaining the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters so they can support "the protection and propagation of fish, shellfish, and wildlife and recreation in and on the water." Legislative Actions:During the late 1980's, the program shifted from program-by-program, source by source, pollutant-by-pollutant approach to more holistic water-shed strategies. Under the watershed approach equal emphasis is placed on protecting healthy waters and restoring impaired waters. Also during the 1980's, voluntary programs for nonpoint runoff and regulatory programs for wet weather point sources began to be addressed. Comments:The Federal Water Pollution Contrl Act Amendments of 1972, PL 92-500, replaced the previous language of the Act entirely, including the Water Quality Act of 1965, the Clean Water Restoration Act of 1965, and the Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970, all of which had been amendments of the Water Pollution Control Act first passed in 1956. The 1977 amendments, PL 95-217, further amended PL 92-500. |
US Environmental Protection Agency Jurisdiction: United States; US Territories |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Biocriteria; Collaboration & Partnering; Construction Codes & Projects; Corporate Responses; Drinking Water Supply; Economic Markets & Policies; Energy Policy & Development; Hydrologic Management; Improved Technology; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sewage Treatment; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Coastal Barrier Resources Act of 1982 (CBRA), 16 United States Code §§ 3501 et seq. | Promote more appropriate use and conservation of coastal barriers along the Atlantic, Gulf and Great Lakes coastlines. Minimize the loss of human life; reduce wasteful expenditures on shoreline development; minimize damage to wildlife, marine life, and other natural services, and establish a coastal barrier resources system. Application to Coral Reefs:Development of coastal barrier islands can cause sedimentation, through runoff and construction activities, that could reach inshore coral reefs. Legislative Actions:Restrict most federal expenditures and financial assistance that encourage development including federal flood insurance. Comments:Recognized coastal barriers as essential habitat for many fish, water fowl and other aquatic animals. |
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Jurisdiction: United States |
Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Coral; Funding & Incentives; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Wetlands |
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, 16 United States Code §§ 1451-1456. | Preserve, protect, develop, and where possible, to restore or enhance the resources of the Nation's coastal zone for this and succeeding generations. Application to Coral Reefs:Protection of coastal areas can have an indirect influence on coral reef preservation and conservation by the use of environmentally sound construction and development by limiting runoff of contaminants and sediment that could have an adverse effect on inshore coral reefs if present. Legislative Actions:In addition, the Act authorized a national system of estuarine sanctuaries and the establishment of national field laboratories with a 50/50 cost-sharing grants with coastal states. Comments: |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/US Fish and Wildlife Service Jurisdiction: United States; State Coastal Waters |
City Planning; Coastal Development; Collaboration & Partnering; Construction Codes & Projects; Corporate Responses; Designated Uses; Economic Markets & Policies; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Funding & Incentives; Hydrologic Management; Landscape Changes; Landuse Management; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrients; Permitting & Zoning; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands |
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, "Superfund", 42 United States Code §§ 9601-9675. | Provides Liability, compensation, cleanup, and emergency response for hazardous substances released into the environment. Application to Coral Reefs:If a hazardous waste is spilled or discaharge illegally at or near a coral reef, the CERCLA could be used for rapid response and cleanup of the spill or discharge. Legislative Actions: Comments: |
United States Environmntal Protection Agency Jurisdiction: United States |
Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Improved Technology; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Non-point Source Controls; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Political Pressure; Remediation; Waste Management Policies; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products |
Delegation of the Environmental Resource Program to Local Governments, 62-344 Florida Administrative Code. | (1) This chapter guides the participation of counties, municipalities and local pollution control programs in an efficient,
streamlined permitting system by setting forth the procedures and requirements for delegations of all or a part of the environmental
resource permit program from the Department and water management districts to local governments in accordance with the
provisions of Sections 373.103(8) and 373.441, F.S. This chapter also constitutes the Department�s authorization, in accordance with
Section 373.103(8), F.S., for delegations of the environmental resource permit program from the water management districts to local
governments provided that the procedures for delegation contained in this chapter are followed by the Districts. Delegations from
the Department and Districts shall be for the respective environmental resource permit program responsibilities of the Department
and the Suwannee River, St. Johns River, Southwest Florida and South Florida Water Management Districts, as set forth in
operating agreements listed in Chapter 62-113, F.A.C. Delegation agreements between the Department and local governments shall
be listed in Chapter 62-113, F.A.C., and delegation agreements between the Districts and local governments shall be listed in
Chapters 40B-1, 40C-1, 40D-1, and 40E-1, F.A.C.
(2) Nothing in this chapter shall preclude the Department, Districts, and local governments from entering into contracts or
interagency agreements as provided by law.
(3) Except as specifically provided in this chapter, nothing herein shall prevent a local government from adopting and
implementing an environmental regulatory program pursuant to its own authority.
(4) It is an objective of the Department and Districts to protect the functions of entire ecological systems, as defined and
developed in the programs, rules and plans of the Department and water management districts. It is the intent of the Department and
Districts that any local government receiving delegation of all or a portion of the environmental resource program carry out that
program in a manner consistent with this objective. This paragraph shall not be construed or applied as additional permitting criteria
beyond those adopted by the reviewing agency or the local government. Application to Coral Reefs:In theory, delegating stormwater pond construction and wetland functional determinations, as well as most otrher issues related to stormwater and wetlands, to local government will produce more efficient permitting and oversight. Therefore, treated water that is discharged and reaches any ecosystem should contain less contamination than the same water if it had not treated. Legislative Actions: Comments:Guides the participation of counties, municipalities and local pollution control programs in an efficient, streamlined permitting system by setting forth the procedures and requirements for delegations of all or a part of the environmental resource permit program from the Department and water management districts to local governments |
Florida State Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters |
Applied Chemicals; Building & Home Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Manufacturing & Trade; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point Source Discharges; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Domestic Wastewater Facilities, 62-600 Florida Administrative Code. | (1) Section 403.021(2), Florida Statutes, as amended, the Florida Air and Water Pollution Control Act, established that no
wastes are to be discharged to any waters of the state without first being given the degree of treatment necessary to protect the
beneficial uses of such water. Toward this end, Sections 403.085 and 403.086, Florida Statutes, set forth requirements for the
treatment and reuse or disposal of domestic wastewater. Section 403.051(2)(a), Florida Statutes, requires that any Department
planning, design, construction, modification, or operating standards, criteria, and requirements for wastewater facilities be
developed as a rule. This chapter is promulgated to implement the provisions and requirements of Sections 120.53(1), 120.55,
403.021, 403.051, 403.061, 403.062, 403.064, 403.085, 403.086, 403.087, 403.088, 403.0881, 403.101, 403.131, 403.161,
403.182, 403.859, and 403.918, Florida Statutes, concerning domestic wastewater facilities.
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(2) The requirements of this chapter represent the specific requirements of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection
and of Local Pollution Control Programs approved and established pursuant to Section 403.182, Florida Statutes, where such
authority has been delegated to those programs. It may be necessary for domestic wastewater facilities to conform with
requirements of other agencies, established via interagency agreements (e.g., for mosquito control); the absence of reference to
such arrangements in this chapter does not negate the need for compliance with those requirements.
(3) The purpose of Chapter 62-600, F.A.C., is to provide minimum standards for the design of domestic wastewater facilities
and to establish minimum treatment and disinfection requirements for the operation of domestic wastewater facilities. All systems
shall be designed in accordance with sound engineering practice. Supported by moderating provisions, it is intended that Chapter
62-600, F.A.C., establish a framework whereby design flexibility and sound engineering practice can be used in developing
systems with which to manage domestic wastewater in an environmentally sound manner.
(4) As appropriate, Chapter 62-600, F.A.C., shall be used in conjunction with other Department rules relating to the design and
operation and maintenance of domestic wastewater facilities.
(5) Standards and requirements in this chapter shall apply only to domestic wastewater treatment, reuse, and disposal facilities
(including residuals management facilities).
(a) Standards and requirements shall apply to all new facilities and modifications or expansions of existing facilities that
submit complete permit applications to the Department after July 1, 1991.
(b) Standards and requirements shall apply to all existing facilities that submit complete applications for permit renewal after
July 1, 1991.
(6) Domestic wastewater facilities that submit complete permit applications on or before July 1, 1991, may:
(a) Continue to comply with the rule requirements that were in effect at the time the permit was issued and with the conditions
of the existing construction or operation permit until the expiration of such permit, or
(b) Opt to comply with the requirements of this revised chapter.
(7) The standards and requirements of Part II of Chapter 62-600, F.A.C., and Rules 62-600.500 and 62-600.530, F.A.C., shall
be applicable to septic tank drainfield systems and other on-site waste treatment systems with subsurface disposal regulated by this
chapter. The reliability requirements of paragraph 62-600.400(1)(b), F.A.C., shall not apply to such septic tank drainfield systems
and other on-site waste treatment systems.
(8) The discharge limitation of subsection 62-600.510(4), F.A.C., shall not be applicable to facilities permitted on or before
January 1, 1982, that discharge into Class II waters or Class III waters which are subsequently reclassified as Class II waters.
(9) This chapter provides for exemptions, allowances for existing facilities and variations from standards and requirements.
Unless specifically provided otherwise, no wastewater permit shall be issued or renewed unless the permit applicant demonstrates
that the subject facility is in compliance with the applicable provisions of this chapter. Application to Coral Reefs:Setting construction and treatment water quality criteria for wastewater facilities will provide a system of less contaminated water being discharged to surface waters. The environmental impact of the wastewater will be less harmful to ecosystems. Legislative Actions: Comments:Establishes the processes for planning, design, construction, modification, or operating standards, criteria, and requirements for wastewater facilities |
Florida State Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters |
Biocriteria; Building & Home Construction; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Toxics; Waste Management Policies |
Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant monitoring, 62-601 Florida Administrative Code. | (1) Section 403.051(2)(a), Florida Statutes, as amended, part of the Florida
Air and Water Pollution Control Act, requires that any Department operating standards,
criteria, and requirements for wastewater facilities be developed as a rule. This rule is
promulgated to implement the provisions and requirements of the Act concerning
domestic wastewater treatment plant monitoring.
(2) The purpose of Chapter 62-601, F.A.C., is to ensure that owners and
operators of domestic wastewater treatment facilities maintain accurate records and
submit reports required by this Chapter in a timely, accurate, cost-effective and uniform
manner.
(3) Standards and requirements in this chapter shall apply only to domestic
wastewater treatment, reuse, and disposal facilities (including residuals management
facilities). The standards and requirements are not applicable to facilities described in
Rules 62-600.120(1) and (2), F.A.C.
(a) Standards and requirements shall apply to all new facilities and
modifications or expansions of existing facilities that submit complete permit
applications to the Department after July 1, 1991.
(b) Standards and requirements shall apply to all existing facilities that submit
complete applications for permit renewal after July 1, 1991.
(4) Domestic wastewater facilities that submit complete permit applications
on or before July 1, 1991 may:
(a) Continue to comply with the rule requirements that were in effect at the
time the permit was issued and with the conditions of the existing construction or
operation permit until the expiration of such permit, or
(b) Opt to comply with the requirements of this revised chapter. Application to Coral Reefs:Setting monitoring requirements and treatment water quality criteria for wastewater facilities will provide a system of less contaminated water being discharged to surface waters. The environmental impact of the wastewater will be less harmful to ecosystems. Legislative Actions: Comments:to implement the provisions and requirements concerning domestic wastewater treatment plant monitoring |
Florida State Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters |
Biocriteria; Building & Home Construction; Discharge Limitations; Manufacturing & Trade; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Toxics; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Emergency Wetlands Resources Act of 1986, 16 United States Code §§ 3501 et seq. | Promote the conservations of wetlands for public benefit and to assist in the compliance with international obligations under various treaties and conventions for migratory birds. Application to Coral Reefs:Indirect application to protection of coral reefs through wetland functions of nutrient (particularly nitrogen) and sediment removal from land-based discharges prior to their entrance into open coastal waters. Legislative Actions:Authorizied the purchase of wetlands from the land and Water Conservation Fund monies. Required States to include wetlands in their Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plans. Comments:Secretary of Interior was required to establish a National Wetland Priority Conservation Plan to identify the locations and types of wetlands that should be priorities for state and federal acquisition. The Act established various fee schedules for entering national wildlife refuges. |
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Jurisdiction: United States |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Discharge Limitations; Funding & Incentives; Hydrologic Management; Landuse Management; Marine Birds; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrients; Permitting & Zoning; Public Administration; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands |
Environmental resource permitting procedures, 62-343 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2003). | The rule provides the procedural requirements for processing environmental resource permits and obtaining formal determinations of the landward extent of wetlands and surface waters. Application to Coral Reefs:Requiring permits for projects related to environmental resources will indirectly protect environmental habitats. The permits are related to stormwater managemnt systems including discharges to wetlands. The permit conditions can limit toxics, nutrients and sediment that would be discharged to the environment if the rule were not in place. Legislative Actions:The rule is procedural and does not have fines or penalties. Comments: |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Building & Home Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Permitting & Zoning; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Road Construction & Maintenance; Seagrasses; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands |
Environmental Resource Permitting, 62-330 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2005). | Under the Chapter, DEP exercises its independent authority under Part IV, Chapter 373, F.S., to regulate surface water management systems, including activities in, on or over wetlands or other surface waters. The term "surface water management system" or "system" include stormwater mangement systems, dams, impoundments, reservoirs, appurtenant works, or works, or any combination thereof, and includes dredging and filling. "Dredging" means excavation, by any means, in surface waters or wetlands Application to Coral Reefs:Regulating stormwater management systems, dams, reservoirs and dredging will contribute to controlling contaminates from entering estuarine and marine environments and protect ecosystems including coral reefs., Legislative Actions:Individual permits will contain the conditions for environmental protection. Comments: |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
City Planning; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Pipelines; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Wastewater Discharge |
Estuaries and Clean Waters Act of 2000, 33 United States Code §§ 2901 et seq. | Creates a federal interagency council that includes the Director of the Fish and Wildlife Service, the Secretary of Army for Civil Works, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The council is charged with developing a national estuary habitat restoration strategy and providing grants to entities to restore and protect estuary habitat to promote the strategy. Application to Coral Reefs:Protecting water quality in estuaries will help mitigate the impacts of water pollution which inturn would help mitigate ocean acidification. Legislative Actions:The Act authorized the formation of the Estuary Habitat Restoration Council that was responsible for developing a National Habitat Restoration Strategy. Comments: |
US Fish and Wildlife Service, US Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Agriculture, US Environmental Protection Agency, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Jurisdiction: United States |
Ballast Discharge; Building & Home Construction; Collaboration & Partnering; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Forestry; Funding & Donations; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Estuaries Protection Act of 1968, 16 United States Code §§ 1221-1226. | Authorizes the Secretary of Interior in cooperation with other federal agencies and the states, to study and inventory estuaries of the united states, including land and water of the Great Lakes, and to determine whether such areas should be acquired for protection. The Secretary is also requied to encourage state and local governments to consider the importance of estuaries in their planning activities relative to federal natural resources grants. Application to Coral Reefs:Established the congressional policy on the values of wetlands and the need to conserve their natural resources. Protection of wetlands provide coral reefs with an indirect benefit as the wetland serves the functions of nutrient removal and sediment containment Legislative Actions: Comments: |
Secretary of Interior in conjunction with other federal agencies and States Jurisdiction: United States |
Building & Home Construction; Collaboration & Partnering; Discharges; Docks & Marinas; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Hydrologic Management; Landscape Changes; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Opportunities; Seagrasses; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands |
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Regulations; Final Rule, Code of Federal Regulations § Parts 922, 929, 937 (1997). | NOAA developed the comprehensive Final Management Plan for the FKNMS and issued the Plan on January 30, 1997. Congress and the Governer of Florida were provided a 45-day period to provide certification of unacceptable regulations that needed amendments. NOAA incorporated the certified changes provided and issued the final regulations and management plan for the Sanctuary that went into effect with the publication of the final rule, including waters within the State of Florida in the Sanctuary. Application to Coral Reefs:The Sanctuary sets aside the coral reef system that is the third largest barrier coral reef in the world. Included in the FKNMS are the Key Largo Marine Sanctuary containing 103 square nautical miles of coral reefs and Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary containing 5.32 square nautical miles of coral reefs. The Act protects the reefs from anchoring directly into the coral formation and taking coral dead or alive. The Act protects mangrove islands and submerged aquatic vegetation, both potential buffers for the reef system against eutrophication and sediment deposition. The Act prohibits oil and hydrocarbon exploration, mining or altering the seabed, restricts large shipping traffic, and restricts the discharge of pollutants, further protecting coral, mangroves, and submerged aquatic vegetation. Legislative Actions:The Act requires the preparation of a comprehensive management plan and implementing regulations to protect Sanctuary resources. Comments:The final rule codifies the Act and further defines boundaries of the Sanctuary as well as providing a list of species protected in the Sanctuary. |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric and Administration Jurisdiction: US Coral Reefs; US Territorial Waters; State Coastal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
Ballast Discharge; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Regulations; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fishing Boats; Cruise Ships; Cultural Protections; Designate Protected Species; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates; Large Ships; Live Collection; Mangroves; Marine Debris; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Tankers; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Inhabitants; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Wetlands |
Ground Water Classes, Standards, and Exemptions, 62-520 Florida Administrative Code. | (1) Purpose.
(a) Article II, Section 7 of the Florida Constitution requires abatement of water pollution and conservation and protection of Florida�s natural resources.
(b) The present and future most beneficial uses of all ground waters of the state have been designated by the Department by means of the classification system set forth in this chapter in accordance with Section 403.061(10), F.S. Water quality standards are established by the Department to protect these designated uses.
(c) Because activities outside the state sometimes cause pollution of Florida�s waters, the Department will make every reasonable effort to have such pollution abated.
(d) Water quality standards apply equally to and shall be uniformly enforced in both the public and private sector.
(e) �Public interest� shall not be construed to mean only those activities conducted solely to provide facilities or benefits to the general public. Private activities conducted for private purposes may also be in the public interest.
(f) The Commission requests the Secretary to seek and use the best environmental information available when making decisions on the effects of chronically and acutely toxic substances and carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic substances. Additionally, the Secretary is requested to seek and encourage innovative research and development in waste treatment alternatives that might better preserve environmental quality and at the same time reduce the energy and dollar costs of operation.
(g) The present and future most beneficial uses of ground waters of the state shall be protected to ensure the availability and utility of this invaluable resource. To achieve such protection, the ground waters of the state are classified and appropriate water quality criteria for those classes are set forth in this chapter.
(h) The criteria set forth in this chapter are minimum levels which are necessary to protect the designated use of ground waters. It is the intent of the Commission that permit applicants should not be penalized because of a low detection limit associated with any specific criterion. Application to Coral Reefs:Groundwater flow will eventually bring the groundwater to an area where by intrusion it will enter waterbodies such as lakes, streams, estuaries, and the ocean. If the groundwater is contaminated, the contamination then enters the waterbody. The contaminants will affect the open water environment and degrade that system. Legislative Actions: Comments: |
Florida State Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US State Waters |
Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Waste Management Policies |
Identification of impaired surface waters, 62-303 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2002). | The Chapter established a methodology to identify surface waters of the state that will be included on the state's planning list of waters that will be assessed pursuant to subsections 403.067(2) and (3), Florida Statutes. It also establishes a methodology to identify impaired waters based on representative data that will be included on the state's verified list of impaired waters, for which the Department will calculate Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDLs), pursuant to subsection 403.067(4), F.S., and which will be submitted to the United States Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to paragraph 303(d)(1) of the Clean Water Act (CWA). Application to Coral Reefs:By regulating the amount of pollutants that will be allowed to be discharged into major waterbodies of the state, the amount of pollutants reaching estuarine and then marine environments, and eventually coral reefs, will assist in protecting the reefs and other habitats. Legislative Actions:The planning list of impaired water bodies has been completed. Data on each water bodies has been collected. DEP is in the process of calculating TMDLs for each water body. Comments: |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Construction Codes & Projects; Corporate Responses; Designated Uses; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Forestry; Irrigation; Landscaping & Household Services; Landuse Management; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Microorganisms; Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products |
Mangrove Trimming and Preservation Act, 403.9321-403.9333 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (1996). | It is the intent of the Legislature to protect and preserve mangrove resources valuable to our environmentand economy from unregulated removal, defoliation, and destruction. Application to Coral Reefs:Protection and preservation of wetland systems, including mangroves, allow the systems to act as buffers to remove nutrients and sediment that could reach coral reefs and cause damage. Legislative Actions:Permits are required prior to any trimming. A Professional Mangrove Trimmer must be present when work is being performed. Penalties can include restoration and/or mitigation. Comments: |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Apex Fish Predators; Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Construction Codes & Projects; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Landuse Management; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Birds; Non-Monetary Valuation; Nutrients; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Shoreline Protection |
Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972, 33 United States Code § 1401. | To regulate the dumping of all types of materials into ocean waters and to prevent or strictly limit the dumping into ocean waters of any material which would adversely affect human health, welfare, or amenities, or the marine environment, ecological systems, or economic potentialities. To regulate (1) the transportation by any person of material from the United States and, in the case of United States vessels, aircraft, or agencies, the transportation of material from a location outside the United States, when in either case the transportation is for the purpose of dumping the material into ocean waters, and (2) the dumping of material transported by any person from a location outside the United States, if the dumping occurs in the territorial sea or the contiguous zone of the United States. Application to Coral Reefs:The Act has been historically used to regulate dumping of dredged materials and sewage sludge into the marine environment. The law intends to improve the conservation, understanding, management, and wise and sustainable use of marine resources, enhance public awareness, understanding, and appreciation of the marine environment, and to maintain for future generations the habitat, and ecologigal services, of the natural assemblage of living resources that inhabit those areas. Because permits are required, it can be assumed that dumping would not be allowed if the material would be dispersed into a sensitive habitat such as coral reefs. Legislative Actions:EPA may assess an administrative civil penalty up to $50,000 per person. Higher penalties can be assessed for dumping medical waste (up to $125,000). Each day in violation constitutes a separate offense. Continuing violations can suffer criminal penalties with fines and up to five years imprisionment possible. Comments:The Act has played a major role in regulating the disposal of dredged material into the ocean environment. However, medical and radioactive wastes, industrial wastes, as well as sewage sludge, are also regulated in the law. |
United States Environmntal Protection Agency Jurisdiction: US Territorial Waters; US Federal Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
Ballast Discharge; Biocriteria; Boating Regulations; Complex Habitat & Resources; Designate Protected Species; Designated Uses; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Mangroves; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Controls; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Political Pressure; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Solid Waste Disposal; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Transportation Policies; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Marine Sanitation Devices (MSDs); Regulations to establish a No Discharge Zone (NDZ) for State waters within the boundary of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary,Code of Federal Regulations § 40 CFR Part 140, 67 FR 35735. | US EPA established a no discharge zone within the boundaies of the FKNMS pursuant to section 312 (f) (4) (a) of the Clean Water Act. Application to Coral Reefs:Prohibition of waste discharges protects reefs system from eutrophication by the nutrients in waste (particularly nitrogen and phosphorus) as well as the debris and sediment in the waste. Legislative Actions: Comments: |
US Environmental Protection Agency Jurisdiction: US Coral Reefs; US Federal Waters; State Coastal Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
Algae; Ballast Discharge; Commercial Fishing Boats; Cruise Ships; Large Ships; Marine Debris; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Tankers; Pathogens; Petroleum Spills; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Small Boats; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 as amended through 1982,. | Declared a national policy that will encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between man and his environment : promote efforts that will prevent or eliminate damage to the environment and biosphere: stimulate the health and welfare of resources important to the Nation and establish a Council on Environmental Quality. Application to Coral Reefs:Re-athorizes NEPA of 1969. Provides additional funding. Legislative Actions:The Act potentially could protect coral reefs if the proposed federal project could have a significant impact on the reef. Comments:The amendments did not add regulations to the Act |
Federal Agencies Jurisdiction: United States |
Atmospheric Emissions; Chemical Variables; Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Educational & Research Opportunities; Energy Policy & Development; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Infrastructural Policies; Landuse Management; Manufacturing & Trade; Mining; Oil & Gas Industry; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Security; Toxics; Transportation; Waterborne Discharges |
Ocean Acidification and Marine pH Water Quality Criteria, 74 Federal Register § 17484 (2009). | The publication is a Notice of Data Availability. EPA was making data submitted from various sources available to the public. They also were requesting additon data from the public on ocean acidification and marine pH. The data was to be reviewed to determine if a revision of the Clean Water Act (Section 304) (a) (1) was warranted. Application to Coral Reefs:Coral reefs would be protected if ocean acidification could be controlled because it is a major detrimental parameter of living cora, contributing to their dying. Legislative Actions: Comments: |
EPA Jurisdiction: US Coral Reefs |
Collaboration & Partnering; Coral; Environmental Education & Outreach; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Ocean Acidity; Point Source Discharges |
Oil Pollution Act of 1990, 33 United States Code §§ 2701 et seq. | Established limitations on liability for damages resulting from oil pollution, established a fund for the payment of compensation for such damages, mandated the National Oil and Hazardous Substance Contingency Plan to provide organizational structure and procedures for responding to spills. Application to Coral Reefs:In the event of an oil spill that contaminates a coral reef, the Act could be used to determine liability and provide funds for rapid cleanup. Legislative Actions:Can provide fines for failing to notify the appropriate federal agency of a maximum of $250,000 per day for an individual and a maximum of $500,000 for an organization. Civil penalties are authorized at $25,000 per day of violation or $1,000 per barrel of oil discharged. Prison sentences up to a maximum of fifteen years can be imposed on violators. Comments:The Act was signed in 1990, largely in response to rising public concern following the Exxon Valdex incident. The Act improved the nation's ability to prevent and respond to oil spills by establishing provisions that expand the federal government's ability, and and provided the money and resources necessary, to respond to oil spills. The Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund was established and provided up to one billion dollars per spill incident. |
US Coast Guard/US Environmental Protection Agency Jurisdiction: US Territorial Waters; State Coastal Waters |
Chemical Variables; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Funding & Incentives; Mangroves; Non-point Source Controls; Petroleum Spills; Physical & Chemical Environment; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Political Pressure; Public Administration; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Remediation; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Security; Socio-Economic Drivers; Toxics; Wetlands |
Proposed Coral Reef Conservation Act Amendments of 2005, 2007 and 2009,. | To preserve, sustain, and restore the condition of coral reef ecosystems, to promote the wise management and sustainable use of coral reef ecosystems, to benefit local communities and the Nation, to develop sound scientific information on the condition of coral reef ecosystems and threats to the ecosystems, to assist in the preservation of coral reefs by supporting and financing conservation programs including local and non-governmental programs, establish a formal mechanism for collecting and allocating monetary donations from the private sector to be used for coral reef conservation projects Application to Coral Reefs:When passed, the Amendments, among other issues, would reauthorize the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 and authorize appropriations through fiscal 2012 for the coral reef conservation program and community- based planning grants. Will authorize activities designed to minimize the likelihood of vessel impacts or other physical dammage to coral reefs, including activities to identify certain at-risk coral reefs. Promote international cooperation, codify the US Coral Reef Task Force. Legislative Actions:Provided funding for matching grants, encouraged education and outreach, encouaged cooperative conservation and management through partnerships with other federal, state, regional and local partners including citizen groups. Comments:The amendments would not add regulations to the Act. |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Jurisdiction: US Coral Reefs |
Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Ballast Discharge; Boat Movement; CO2; Coral; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Educational & Research Opportunities; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Water Transportation |
Regulation of stormwater discharge, 62-25 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (1988). | The discharge of untreated stormwater may reasonably be expected to be a source of pollution of waters of the state and is, therefore, subject to Department regulation. The Departmnet shall prevent pollution of waters of the state by discharges of stormwater, to ensure that the designated most beneficial uses of waters, as prescribed by Chapter 62-302, F.A.C., are protected. A permit under this chapter will be required only for new stormwater discharge facilities as defined herein. This provision shall not affect the Department's authority to require appropriate corrective action, pursuant to Sections 403.121-.161.F.S., whenever existing facilities cause or contribute to violations of state water quality standards. Stormwater discharges to groundwaters shall be regulated under the provisions of Chapters 62-520 and 62-522, F.A.C., and other applicable rules of the Department. The Department intends that, to the greatest extent practicable, the provisions of this chapter be delegated to either local governments or water management districts seeking such delegation. Application to Coral Reefs:Limiting the contaminants and their concentrations in stormwater discharge will reduce the contamination reaching various habitats, including coral reefs. Legislative Actions: Comments: |
Floridfa Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US State Waters |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Building & Home Construction; Construction Codes & Projects; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Impervious Surfaces; Landuse Management; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Sediment; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |
Revised Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Management Plan §§ Public Law 101-605 (HR 5909, Public Law (2007). | The document is a report on the results of NOAA's five year review of strategies and activities detailed in the 1996 Final Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement for the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Application to Coral Reefs:The plan specifically addresses preserving and enhancing Sanctuary resources including four national wildlife refuges, six state parks, three state aquatic preserves, Key Largo Marine Sanctuary, Looe Key Marine Sanctuary and a total of 2,900 square nautical miles of coastal waters and numerous coral reefs. The sanctuary ecosystems are facing specific threats including direct human impacts such as vessel groundidngs, pollution and overfishing. Legislative Actions: Comments: |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission as Co-trustees Jurisdiction: US Federal Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
Anemones & Zooanthids; Apex Fish Predators; Ballast Discharge; Coastal Development; Commercial Fishing Boats; Complex Habitat & Resources; Coral; Cruise Ships; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Economic Markets & Policies; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Littering; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Debris; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Oil & Gas Rigs; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Seastars; Sediment; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Waste Management; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges |
Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, 33 United States Code § 1252. | This law prohibits the discharge of any type of refuse matter in U.S. waters without permission (section 13). In addition, the excavation, fill, or alteration of the course, condition, or capacity of any port, channel, river, or other areas within the limits of this law is prohibited. This law prohibits the construction or alteration of a structure in wetlands of the U.S. (sections 9 and 10). Construction in wetlands and waters of the U.S. requires a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Application to Coral Reefs:Under section 10, excavation or fill within navigable waters requires approval of the Chief of Engineers and concerns about contaminated sediments with dredge and fill projects in navigable waters is addressed within the permitting process. Indirect protection of coral reefs is offered by the Act and its prohibition of dumping refuse into navigable waters and the process of anaylzing sediment in proposed dredge and fill operations. Legislative Actions:Violations of the law are punished under section 309 of the Clean Water Act and section 205 of National Fishing Enhancement Act. Fines imposed for violation will not be less than $10,000 per violation or more than $25,000 per violation. Comments:Many states, including Florida, require additional permits for constuction of docks, piers, wharfs, jetties and other structures in navigable waters and wetlands in addition to the Corps of Engineers permit. Authority to issue permits for discharge of refuse matter under section 13 was modified by the amendments to Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 and established the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit process. The Act was initially established to protect interstate commerce in navigable waters. The permit review process involves factors including economics, aethetics, general envitonmental concerns, historical values, water quality, and fish and wildlife impact before project approval is granted. |
US Army Corps of Engineers (COE), and US Coast Guard Jurisdiction: United States |
Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Construction Codes & Projects; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Landuse Management; Large Ships; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Oil & Gas Tankers; Permitting & Zoning; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Political Pressure; Ports & Harbors; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Transportation Policies; Waste Management Policies |
Significant amendments to the National Marine Sanctuaries Act of 1972. Amendments of 1980 were PL 96-332, 1984 were PL98-498, 1988 were Title II of PL 100-627, 1992 were PL 102-587, 1996 were PL 104-283 and for 2000 were PL106-513,. | Title III of the Marine Protection, Reseach and Sanctuaries Act was amended to create the National Marine Sanctuaries Program. The amendments of 1980 mandated the terms of designation to include the geographic area included within the sanctuary and the characteristics of the area that give it conservation, recreational, ecological, or esthetic value, and the types of activities that would be subject to regulation to protect those characteristics. The 1984 amendments required a Resource Assessment Report documenting present and potential use of the area. 1998 amendments established a special use permit for commercial operations, added a section that a vessel or person causing damage to the resources of a sanctuary would be liable for both response and cleanup costs as well as damages for any sanctuary resource destroyed. Amendments of 1992 provided that Title III may be cited as 'The National Marine Sanctuaries Act." Also, federal agencies had to be consistent with the National Environmental Policy Act in commenting on proposed designations. Application to Coral Reefs:Strenghtened the protectinon of marine sanctuaries and their resources. Some specific purposes of the Act that add to coral reef protection include; to identify and designate national marine sanctuaries of the marine environment, to maintain the natural b Legislative Actions: Comments: |
National Oceanic Aatmospheric Administration Jurisdiction: Designated Marine Areas |
Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Ballast Discharge; Boating Activities; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Construction Codes & Projects; Coral; Cruise Ships; Deforestation & Devegetation; Economic Markets & Policies; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Large Ships; Mangroves; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Oil & Gas Tankers; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Wetland & Reef Restoration |
Small Community Wastewater Construction Grants Program, 62-505 Florida Administrative Code. | (1) Florida�s Small Community Wastewater Facilities Grants Program is
authorized by Sections 403.1835 and 403.1838, F.S. These statutes authorize the
Department to fund the planning, design, and construction of wastewater management
systems for qualifying small municipalities.
(2) This chapter sets forth the Department�s program management
procedures and the requirements for obtaining financial assistance from the Small
Community Wastewater Facilities Grants Program.
(3) Highest priority is given to projects that address the most serious risks to
public health, are necessary to achieve compliance, or assist systems most in need
based on an affordability index.
Specific Authority 403.1835(10) FS. Law Implemented 403.1835(3)(d), 403.1838 FS.
History � New 1-25-07. Application to Coral Reefs:Providing financial assistance to parties interested in building wastewater treatment palnts and best available standards for construction will result in higher treatment of wastewater prior to discharge to waters of the state. Less contaminated water will reach the marine environment where it would have the potential to adversely effect ecosystems. Legislative Actions: Comments:sets forth the program management procedures and the requirements for obtaining financial assistance from the Small Community Wastewater Facilities Grants Program. |
Florida State Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US State Waters |
Building & Home Construction; Environmental Education & Outreach; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Toxics; Waste Management Policies |
Sovereign submerged lands management, 18-21 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2006). | To manage, protect, and enhance sovereignty lands so that the public may continue to enjoy traditional uses, including, but not limited to, navigation, fishing and swimming, public drinking water supply, shellfish harvesting, public recreation, and fish and wildlife propagation and management. Application to Coral Reefs:Permitting activities on submerged lands owned by Florida will improve water quality which will indirectly protect reef systems. Legislative Actions:These rules are to implement the administration and management responsibilities of the board and department regarding sovereign submerged lands. Responsibility for environmental permitting of activities and water quality protection on sovereign lands is vested with the Department of Environmental Protection. These rules are considered cumulative. Comments: |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters |
Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Aquaculture; Beach & Land Formation; Coastal Defense; Commercial Fisheries; Construction Codes & Projects; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Energy Policy & Development; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Pipelines; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage |
State Revolving Fund Loan Program, 62-503 Florida Administrative Code. | (1) Florida�s water pollution control revolving loan program is authorized by Section 403.1835, F.S. This statute establishes the Wastewater Treatment and Stormwater Management Revolving Loan Trust Fund, which meets federal requirements for a State Revolving Fund. The statute authorizes the Department to fund the planning, design, construction, and implementation of wastewater management systems and stormwater management systems. The Act also authorizes financial assistance for a wide range of services, equipment, and construction associated with nonpoint source pollution control. Project examples include brownfield remediation, wetland restoration, septic tank problem correction, best management practices (especially those for agricultural operations) for controlling leaching and runoff, animal waste management, boat discharge elimination, or other needs identified by the Department�s nonpoint source management program. National estuary program projects also may be eligible.
(2) The federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, commonly called the Clean Water Act, authorizes federal appropriations for grants to the Department to capitalize the State Revolving Fund. The Act requires that the state contribute matching funds of 20% to qualify for federal capitalization grants. The State Revolving Fund must be operated in perpetuity by the Department.
(3) This rule sets forth the Department�s program management procedures and the requirements for obtaining financial assistance.
Specific Authority 403.1835(5)(a) FS. Law Implemented 403.1835 FS. History - New 7-29-04. Application to Coral Reefs:Providing financial assistance to parties interested in building wastewater treatment palnts and best available standards for construction will result in higher treatment of wastewater prior to discharge to waters of the state. Less contaminated water will reach the marine environment where it would have the potential to adversely effect ecosystems. Legislative Actions: Comments:Establishes the Wastewater Treatment and Stormwater Management Revolving Loan Trust Fund to fund the planning, design, construction, and implementation of wastewater management systems and stormwater management systems and to provide financial assistance for a wide range of services, equipment, and construction associated with nonpoint source pollution control. |
Florida State Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US State Waters |
Building & Home Construction; Environmental Education & Outreach; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sewage Treatment; Toxics; Waste Management Policies |
Surface water quality standards, 62-302 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2008). | The Chapter establishes the minimum concentrations of contamination that are allowable to protect the designated uses of a waterbody. Designated uses include public drinking water supplies, propagation of fish and wildlife, agricultural, recreation, industrial, and navigation. Application to Coral Reefs:Protecting surface waters by limiting the concentration of pollutants that can be present will control the concentrations of those pollutants that will reach estuarine and marine environments, thus protecting the associated ecosystems, including coral reefs. Legislative Actions:Penalties are not presented in the Rule. Specific requirements and penalties are addrressed in individual permits. The Rule relies heavily on biocriteria including acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index. Section 400 presents the classes of Florida waters; Class I potable water supplies, Class II shellfish propagation or harvesting, Class III recreation, propagation and maintenance of a healthy, well-balanced population of fish and wildlife, Class IV agricultural water supplies, Class V navigation, utility and industrial use. Comments: |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
Biocriteria; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Civil Engineering & Construction; Coastal Development; Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Deforestation & Devegetation; Designate Protected Species; Discharge Limitations; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Drinking Water Supply; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Impervious Surfaces; Invertebrates; Irrigation; Landuse Management; Molluscs; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Pipelines; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Fishing; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Shoreline Armoring; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Toxics; Waste Management Policies |
Surface waters of the State, Florida Administrative Code Annotated §§ Chapter 62-301 (1996). | It is the intent of this Chapter to define the landward externt of surface waters of the state. Te findings, declarations, and intentfor this Chapter are the same as those for Chapter 62-302 F. A. C. Application to Coral Reefs:By defining the landward extent of surface waters of the State using dominant plant species, the guidance in the Chapter will include wetlands and transitional zones on many occasions. Through the protection of these areas, filtration of sediment and nutrients will be maintained and two of the harmful parameters for coral reefs will be reduced. Legislative Actions:The Chapter is a guidance document and does not contain penalties. The Chapter provides a list of plant species for use with the guidance as well as the methods of calculating the areas of state waters. Comments: |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
Arthropods; Ballast Discharge; Beaches & Nature Parks; Biotechnology Research & Development; Building & Home Construction; Coastal Development; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Forestry; Invertebrates; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Vertebrates; Molluscs; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Petroleum Spills; Pipelines; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Fishing; Resource Use Management; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Armoring; Small Boats; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Wastewater Discharge; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins |
The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and Protection Act, Public Law 101-605 (H.R. 5909 United States Code (1990). | To protect the resources of the area delineated in section 5(b) of the Act, to educate and interpret for the public regarding the Florida Keys marine environment, and to manage such human uses of the Sanctuary consistent with the Act. Nothing in the Act is intended to restrict activities that do not cause adverse effects to the resources or property of the Sanctuary or that do not pose harm to the users of the Sanctuary. Application to Coral Reefs:The Sanctuary sets aside the coral reef system that is the thrid largest coral reef barrier in the world. Included in the FKNMS are Key Largo Marine Sanctuary containing 103 square nautical miles of coral reefs and Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary containing 5.32 squared nautical miles of coral reefs.The Act protects the reefs from anchoring directly into the coral formation and taking coral dead or alive in the Sanctuary. From Miami to the Marquesas Keys there are over 6000 patch reefs. The Act also protects mangrove islands and submerged aquatic vegetation, both potential buffers for the reef system against eutrophication and sediment deposition. The Act prohibits oil and hydrocarbon exploration, mining or altering the seabed, restricts large shipping traffic, and restricts the discharge of pollutants, futher protecting mangroves, and submerged aquatic vegetation. Legislative Actions:The Act required the preparation of a comprehensive mangement plan and implementing regulations to protect Sanctuary resources. Comments:Large vessel groundings on coral reefs in the Florida Keys was a major driver for the designation of the Sanctuary. In 1989, there were three groundings of large commercial vessels on the coral reef tract within an eighteen day period. |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as lead agency and Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission, and Monroe County as Co-Trustees Jurisdiction: US Coral Reefs; US Federal Waters; US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Ballast Discharge; Boating Regulations; Complex Habitat & Resources; Coral; Economic Markets & Policies; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Education & Outreach; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invertebrate Harvest; Large Ships; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Shoreline Protection; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Water Transportation |
Total maximum daily loads, 62-304 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2006). | The Chapter establishes Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs), and their allocations, for waters that have been verified to be impaired by a pollutant pursuant to Chapter 62-303. F.A.C. Application to Coral Reefs:By regulating the amount of pollutants that will be allowed to be discharged into major waterbodies of the state, the amount of pollutants reaching estuarine and then marine environments, and eventually coral reefs, will assist in protecting the reefs and other habitats. Legislative Actions:The planning list of impaired water bodies has been completed. Data on each water bodies has been collected. DEP is in the process of calculating TMDLs for each water body. Comments: |
Florida Department of Envitonmental Protection Jurisdiction: United States; State Coastal Waters |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Aquaculture; Ballast Discharge; Biomedical Research Policies; Coastal Development; Deforestation & Devegetation; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Dredging Regulations; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Impervious Surfaces; Irrigation; Landuse Management; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point Source Discharges; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Shoreline Armoring; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products |
Water quality based effluent limitations, 62-650 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (1996). | To implement the provisions of Section 403.051, 403.085 through 403.088 concerning the development of effluent limitations for wastewater facilities. Application to Coral Reefs:The Florida Air and Water Pollution Act establishes that no wastes are to be discharged to any waters of the state without first being given the degree of treatment necessay to protect the beneficial uses of such water. Requiring treatment of industrial and domestic waste water indirectly protects adjoining ecosystem, such as reefs, by limiting the pollutant that reach these other systems. Legislative Actions:The Department shall not issue a permit for a discharge to waters of the state, unless the Department has established an efflent limit for those pollutants in the discharge that are present in quantities or concentrations which can be reasonably expected to cause or contribute, directly or indirectly, to a violation of any water quality standard established in rule 62-302. The effluent limit may be a technology based effluent limit (TBEL), a water quality based effluent limit (WQBEL) determined by a Level 1 process, or where applicable, a WQBEL determined by a Level 2 process. Comments: |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Applied Chemicals; Building & Home Construction; Cleaner & Solvent Use; Coal Mining; Construction Codes & Projects; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Domestic Animal Waste; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Irrigation; Landuse Management; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point Source Discharges; Road Construction & Maintenance; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Solid Waste Disposal; Utility Line Construction & Maintenance; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Waterborne Discharges; Wholesale & Retail Trade; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products |
Water Resource Implementation Rule, 62-40 Florida Administrative Code (2006). | The Chapter is intended to provide water resouirce implementation goals, objectives and guidance for the development and review of programs, rules, and plans relating to water resources. A goal of the Chapter is to coordinate the management of water and land resources. It is the objective of the State to protect the functions of the entire ecological systems, as developed and defined in the programs, rules, and plans of the Department and water management districts. It is a goal of the Chapter that sufficient water be available for all existing and future reasonable-beneficial uses and the natural systems and that adverse effects of competition for water supplies be avoided. Application to Coral Reefs:By protecting the functions of entire aquatic ecological systems, those waters will contain less contaminants when they are discharged and meet other natural water bodies including marine ecosystems. Cleaner water will result in less ecological strees to marine ecosystems, including coral reefs. Legislative Actions: Comments:This Chapter is intended to provide water resource implementation goals, objectives, and guidance for the development and review of programs, rules, and plans relating to water resources, based on statutory policies and directives in Chapters 187, 373, and 403, Florida Statutes. |
Florida State Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US State Waters |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Drinking Water Supply; Environmental Education & Outreach; Non-point Source Controls; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Point Source Discharges; Waste Management Policies |
Wetland applications, 62-611 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (1996). | To provide qualitative and quantitative design criteria discharge limits, permitting requirements, and monitoring requirements for wetlands, man-made and natural, receiving domestic wastewater. Application to Coral Reefs:Because wetlands act as buffers and remove nutrients from contaminated water, in many case the nutrients will not reach the estuarine and marine environments and potentially have an adverse effect on coral reefs. Legislative Actions:The Rule is administrative in nature and specific pollutant limits and monitoring requirements are specified in individual permits Comments: |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: State Coastal Waters |
Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; City Planning; Construction Codes & Projects; Environmental Education & Outreach; Hydrologic Management; Landuse Management; Mangroves; Nutrients; Pipelines; Point Source Discharges; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Sewage Treatment; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge |