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ReefLink Database

Skeletal Coral

Skeletal Coral

Skeletal coral is the calcium carbonate structure that remains after the coral animals have died.

CMap

Algae are aquatic, photosynthetic plant-like organisms and include calcareous macroalgae, fleshy macroalgae, turf algae, and crustose coralline algae. Anemones & zooanthids are cnidarians very similar to coral, but are not characteristic reef builders. Sand production is the process by which calcified coral skeletons and invertebrate shells break down, forming sand which replenishes beaches. Biochemical & genetic resources are the naturally available novel biochemicals and genetic information found in coral reef organisms that can be utilized for animal breeding or development of biotechnology. Biocriteria are narrative expressions or numeric values that describe the biological condition (structure and function) of aquatic communities inhabiting waters of a designated aquatic life use. Biological monitoring is the use of a biological entity as a detector and its response as a measure to determine environmental conditions. Biological monitoring, mapping, and scientific research are activities to track the condition of populations, communities, and habitat, and to understand the processes, stressors, and ecological interactions that affect that condition. Carbon storage and cycling is the ability of an ecosystem to utilize, process, and store carbon. Complex habitat and resources reflects the complex architecture of sessile, plant-like organisms, such as octocoral and sponges, which provides shelter and protection for small fish and other invertebrates from predators. Contact Uses, such as biological additions, physical damage, and biological harvesting, are activities in which humans create pressures through direct contact with the ecosystem. Coral is a colonial marine animal consisting of polyps. Coralline algae is a low-growing type of algae on reefs that has calcareous deposits. Corallivorous fish are fish whose diet primarily consists of live coral. Cultural services are the nonmaterial benefits people obtain from ecosystems through spiritual enrichment, cognitive development, recreational opportunities, aesthetic experiences, sense of place, and educational and research opportunities. Discharges are the intentional or unintentional distribution of chemicals, debris, or other pollution, into the environment as a consequence of human activities. Ecosystem monitoring and restoration refers to responses to directly alter the condition of the reef ecosystem through restoration or remediation activities, setting limits on degradation through biological criteria or water quality criteria, or improving knowledge through monitoring, mapping, and scientific research. Ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain from ecosystems . Fish are cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates that breathe through gills and usually have scales. Hydrocorals (millepora) are a taxonomic class of very small, predatory cnidarians that can be solitary or colonial. Invasive species are plants, animals, or other organisms that are foreign to a particular environment, and whose introduction may be detrimental when invasives compete with or consume native species. An Invertebrate is any animal that lacks a backbone. Landscape Changes are alterations of the natural landscape through human activities, including coastal development, shoreline armoring, impervious surfaces, deforestation, or soil disturbance, which can alter water flow patterns and lead to pollutant runoff into coastal systems. Large herbivorous fish are any large bodied fish that primarily feed on algae, such as parrotfish and chubs. Marine products are non-food goods derived from reefs that promote human well-being (e.g, aquarium fish or ornamental resources) and human health (e.g., pharmaceuticals and cosmetics). Any worm that lives in a marine environment is considered a marine worm. Microorganisms are microscopic plants or animals, such as cyanobacteria and disease-causing pathogens that live in coral reef ecosystems. Molluscs are marine invertebrates with soft, unsegmented bodies, such as clams, squid, and snails. Octocorals are thick and fleshy, colonial marine animals resembling stony corals in polyp size, but lacking calcium carbonite skeletons. The Reef Ecosystem includes a suite of abiotic variables that form the physical and chemical environment. Pressures are human activities that create stress on the environment. Provisioning services are the products or ecosystem goods obtained from ecosystems, including seafood, genetic and biochemical resources, pharmaceuticals, ornamental resources, and water resources. The state of the Reef Ecosystem is the condition, in terms of quantity and quality, of the abiotic and biotic components including physical, chemical, and biological variables. Reef Habitat is the abundance, distribution, and condition of the benthic components of the reef ecosystem. Reef Inhabitants are all of the motile components of the reef ecosystem, including fish, invertebrates, marine reptiles and mammals, and are quantified by their abundance, distribution, and condition. Reef Life is the abundance, distribution, and condition of the biological components of the coral reef ecosystem. Regulating Services are benefits obtained from ecosystem processes that regulate the environment, including erosion regulation, natural hazard regulation, and climate regulation. Responses are actions taken by groups or individuals in society and government to prevent, compensate, ameliorate or adapt to changes in Ecosystem Services or their perceived value. Sea Urchins are small, spiny echinoderms that can be found in coral reef ecosystems. Skeletal coral is the calcium carbonate structure that remains after the coral animals have died. Snails and Conch are Mollusks that can be found in the coral reef ecosystem. Socio-Economic Drivers include the sectors that fulfill human needs for Food & Raw Materials, Water, Shelter, Health, Culture, and Security, and the Infrastructure that supports the sectors. Sponges are sessile colonial animals with soft porous bodies supported by a fibrous skeletal framework. Scleractinian, or stony corals, are marine animals with hard skeletons composed of calcium carbonate. Supporting services are ecological processes that indirectly benefit humans by maintaining a functional ecosystem for the production of other ecosystem goods and services. Wetland and reef restoration are activities to directly improve, reestablish, or repair degraded ecosystems. Zooxanthellae are flagellate protozoa that are golden-brown intracellular endosymbionts of various marine animals and protozoa, especially anthozoans such as the scleractinian corals

CMap Description

Coral provide the basis for all reef ecosystem services and thus the well-being and welfare supplied by the coral reef ecosystem. Stony coral produces large quantities of calcium carbonate skeleton that may persist in the marine environment long after the colony has died. The resulting carbon storage & cycling builds the physical structure of the reef and results in the other supporting services of complex habitat & resources and reef structural strength, and ultimately results in sand & land production. Physical damage and ocean acidification can affect the strength and dissolution rates of coral skeletons, and thus the persistence of habitat and wave attenuation that they provide. Monitoring and research can be implemented to better understand the role of coral skeletons in the reef ecosystem.

Citations

Citation Year Study Location Study Type Database Topics
Ali, AHAM; Hamed, MA; Abd El-Azim, H. 2011. Heavy metals distribution in the coral reef ecosystems of the Northern Red Sea. Helgoland Marine Research 65:67-80. 2011 Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Octocoral; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Boizard, SD; Mitchell, SJ. 2011. Resistance of red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle L.) seedlings to deflection and extraction. Trees - Structure and Function 25:371-381. 2011 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean Mangroves; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Bonaldo, RM; Bellwood, DR. 2011. Spatial variation in the effects of grazing on epilithic algal turfs on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs 30:381-390. 2011 South & Central America; Australia; Caribbean Algae; Climate; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Bover-Arnal, T; Salas, R; Martin-Closas, C; Schlagintweit, F; Moreno-Bedmar, JA. 2011. Expression Of An Oceanic Anoxic Event In A Neritic Setting: Lower Aptian Coral Rubble Deposits From The Western Maestrat Basin (Iberian Chain, Spain). Palaios 26:18-32. 2011 Global; Oman; Spain Nutrients; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes
Carrera-Parra, LF; Fauchald, K; Gambi, MC. 2011. Revision of the taxonomic status of Lysidice (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) in the Western Caribbean Sea with observation on species reproductive features and habitat preference. Italian Journal of Zoology 78:27-40. 2011 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Marine Worms; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Chaves-Fonnegra, A; Zea, S. 2011. Coral colonization by the encrusting excavating Caribbean sponge Cliona delitrix. Marine Ecology-an Evolutionary Perspective 32:162-173. 2011 South & Central America; Caribbean Algae; Boring Sponges; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Cruz-Barraza, JA; Carballo, JL; Bautista-Guerrero, E; Nava, H. 2011. New species of excavating sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) on coral reefs from the Mexican Pacific Ocean. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91:999-1013. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Boring Sponges; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
De Mol, L; Van Rooij, D; Pirlet, H; Greinert, J; Frank, N; Quemmerais, F; Henriet, JP. 2011. Cold-water coral habitats in the Penmarc'h and Guilvinec Canyons (Bay of Biscay): Deep-water versus shallow-water settings. Marine Geology 282:40-52. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Europe Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Deely, AE; Blackwell, BAB; Mylroie, JE; Carew, JL; Blickstein, JIB; Skinner, AR. 2011. Testing cosmic dose rate models for ESR: Dating corals and molluscs on San Salvador, Bahamas. Radiation Measurements 46:853-859. 2011 Bahamas Model Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Duckworth, AR; Wolff, CW. 2011. Population dynamics and growth of two coral reef sponges on rock and rubble substrates. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 402:49-55. 2011 Australia Seawater Flow; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Edinger, EN; Sherwood, OA; Piper, DJW; Wareham, VE; Baker, KD; Gilkinson, KD; Scott, DB. 2011. Geological features supporting deep-sea coral habitat in Atlantic Canada. Continental Shelf Research 31:S69-S84. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model Octocoral; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Enochs, IC; Toth, LT; Brandtneris, VW; Afflerbach, JC; Manzello, DP. 2011. Environmental determinants of motile cryptofauna on an eastern Pacific coral reef. Marine Ecology Progress Series 438:105-U127. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Sudan Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Foster, G; Ticzon, VS; Riegl, BM; Mumby, PJ. 2011. Detecting end-member structural and biological elements of a coral reef using a single-beam acoustic ground discrimination system. International Journal of Remote Sensing 32:7749-7776. 2011 Australia; Palau GIS & Maps Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Garcia-Rios, CI; Alvarez-Ruiz, M. 2011. Diversity and microstructure of quitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from the Caribbean of Costa Rica. Revista de Biologia Tropical 59:129-136. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; Costa Rica; Caribbean Molluscs; Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch
Glynn, PW. 2011. In Tandem Reef Coral And Cryptic Metazoan Declines And Extinctions. Bulletin of Marine Science 87:767-794. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; Panama; India Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Hydrocoral; Ocean Acidity; Pathogens; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Grol, MGG; Nagelkerken, I; Bosch, N; Meesters, EH. 2011. Preference of early juveniles of a coral reef fish for distinct lagoonal microhabitats is not related to common measures of structural complexity. Marine Ecology Progress Series 432:221-233. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Mangroves; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Grutter, AS; Crean, AJ; Curtis, LM; Kuris, AM; Warner, RR; McCormick, MI. 2011. Indirect effects of an ectoparasite reduce successful establishment of a damselfish at settlement. Functional Ecology 25:586-594. 2011 Australia Lab Study Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Haldar, S; Mody, KH; Jha, B. 2011. Abundance, diversity and antibiotics resistance pattern of Vibrio spp. in coral ecosystem of Kurusadai island. Journal of Basic Microbiology 51:153-162. 2011 India Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral
Hamylton, S. 2011. Estimating the coverage of coral reef benthic communities from airborne hyperspectral remote sensing data: multiple discriminant function analysis and linear spectral unmixing. International Journal of Remote Sensing 32:9673-9690. 2011 Remote Sensing Algae; Skeletal Coral
Hirose, E; Murakami, A. 2011. Microscopic Anatomy and Pigment Characterization of Coral-encrusting Black Sponge with Cyanobacterial Symbiont, Terpios hoshinota. Zoological Science 28:199-205. 2011 Cyanobacteria; Encrusting Sponges; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Huijbers, CM; Nagelkerken, I; Govers, LL; van de Kerk, M; Oldenburger, JJ; de Brouwer, JHF. 2011. Habitat type and schooling interactively determine refuge-seeking behavior in a coral reef fish throughout ontogeny. Marine Ecology Progress Series 437:241-251. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Ilves, KL; Kellogg, LL; Quattrini, AM; Chaplin, GW; Hertler, H; Lundberg, JG. 2011. Assessing 50-Year Change In Bahamian Reef Fish Assemblages: Evidence For Community Response To Recent Disturbance? Bulletin of Marine Science 87:567-588. 2011 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Bahamas; India; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invasive Species; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
Jha, DK; Vinithkumar, NV; Santhnakumar, J; Nazar, AKA; Kirubagaran, R. 2011. Assessment of post tsunami coral reef resource in Pongi Balu coast, south Andaman Islands. Current Science 100:530-534. 2011 Global; Cuba Skeletal Coral
Larmagnat, S; Neuweiler, F. 2011. Exploring a link between Atlantic coral mounds and Phanerozoic carbonate mudmounds: Insights from pore water fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM), Pen Duick mounds, offshore Morocco. Marine Geology 282:149-159. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Europe Index or Indicator Microorganisms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Lecchini, D. 2011. Visual and chemical cues in habitat selection of sepioid larvae. Comptes Rendus - Biologies 334:911-915. 2011 Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Skeletal Coral
Mondal, T; Raghunathan, C; Ramakrishna. 2011. New recruitment of diverse scleractinian corals in little Andaman Island after tsunami. Indian journal of GeoMarine Sciences 40:653-656. 2011 Indian Ocean; India Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Nava, H; Ramirez-Herrera, MT. 2011. Government conservation policies on Mexican coastal areas: is "top-down" management working? Revista de Biologia Tropical 59:1487-1501. 2011 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean Index or Indicator Algae; Landscape Changes; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Marine Protected Areas; Non-Monetary Valuation; Recreational Opportunities; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Obura, D; Mangubhai, S. 2011. Coral mortality associated with thermal fluctuations in the Phoenix Islands, 2002-2005. Coral Reefs 30:607-619. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Panama; India; Kiribati Climate; Sea Temperatures; Skeletal Coral
Ochavillo, D; Tofaeono, S; Sabater, M; Trip, EL. 2011. Population structure of Ctenochaetus striatus (Acanthuridae) in Tutuila, American Samoa: The use of size-at-age data in multi-scale population size surveys. Fisheries Research 107:14-21. 2011 Samoa; American Samoa Algae; Coralline Algae; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Perry, C. T., P. S. Kench, S. G. Smithers, B. Riegl, H. Yamano, and M. J. O'Leary. 2011. Implications of reef ecosystem change for the stability and maintenance of coral reef islands. Global Change Biology 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii Review Calcareous Macroalgae; Climate; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Prazeres, MD; Martins, SE; Bianchini, A. 2011. Biomarkers response to zinc exposure in the symbiont-bearing foraminifer Amphistegina lessonii (Amphisteginidae, Foraminifera). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 407:116-121. 2011 Skeletal Coral
Rhodes, BP; Kirby, ME; Jankaew, K; Choowong, M. 2011. Evidence for a mid-Holocene tsunami deposit along the Andaman coast of Thailand preserved in a mangrove environment. Marine Geology 282:255-267. 2011 Indian Ocean; India; Thailand Field Study & Monitoring Mangroves; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Richardson-White, S; Walker, SE. 2011. Diversity, taphonomy and behavior of encrusting foraminifera on experimental shells deployed along a shelf-to-slope bathymetric gradient, Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 312:305-324. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Bahamas Index or Indicator Physical Damage; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Salvat, B; Wilkinson, C. 2011. Cyclones And Climate Change In The South Pacific. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 66:105-115. 2011 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Climate; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Ocean Acidity; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Sanfilippo, R; Rosso, A; Basso, D; Violanti, D; Di Geronimo, I; Di Geronimo, R; Benzoni, F; Robba, E. 2011. Cobbles colonization pattern from a tsunami-affected coastal area (SW Thailand, Andaman Sea). Facies 57:1-13. 2011 Thailand Algae; Bivalves; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Water Depth & Sea Level
Schneider, K; Silverman, J; Woolsey, E; Eriksson, H; Byrne, M; Caldeira, K. 2011. Potential influence of sea cucumbers on coral reef CaCO(3) budget: A case study at One Tree Reef. Journal Of Geophysical Research-biogeosciences 116. 2011 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Apex Fish Predators; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; Echinoderms; Ocean Acidity; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Schonfeld, J; Dullo, WC; Pfannkuche, O; Freiwald, A; Ruggeberg, A; Schmidt, S; Weston, J. 2011. Recent benthic foraminiferal assemblages from cold-water coral mounds in the Porcupine Seabight. Facies 57:187-213. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Europe Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Schrandt, MN; Lema, SC. 2011. Habitat-associated intraspecific variation in behavior and stress responses in a demersal coral reef fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series 443:153-U163. 2011 Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Soffker, M; Sloman, KA; Hall-Spencer, JM. 2011. In situ observations of fish associated with coral reefs off Ireland. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 58:818-825. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Octocoral; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Sommer, B; Harrison, PL; Brooks, L; Scheffers, SR. 2011. Coral Community Decline At Bonaire, Southern Caribbean. Bulletin of Marine Science 87:541-565. 2011 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Turf Algae
Taviani, M; Vertino, A; Lopez Correa, M; Savini, A; De Mol, B; Remia, A; Montagna, P; Angeletti, L; Zibrowius, H; Alves, T; Salomidi, M; Ritt, B; Henry, P. 2011. Pleistocene to Recent scleractinian deep-water corals and coral facies in the Eastern Mediterranean. Facies 57:579-603. 2011 Octocoral; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Thomas, JD; Krapp-Schickel, T. 2011. A new species of Leucothoid Amphipod, Anamixis bananarama, sp. n., from Shallow Coral Reefs in French Polynesia (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Leucothoidae). Zookeys 1-8. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Van Rooij, D; Blamart, D; De Mol, L; Mienis, F; Pirlet, H; Wehrmann, LM; Barbieri, R; Maignien, L; Templer, SP; de Haas, H; Hebbeln, D; Frank, N; Larmagnat, S; Stadnitskaia, A; Stivaletta, N; van Weering, T; Zhang, Y; Hamoumi, N; Cnudde, V; Duyck, P; Henr. 2011. Cold-water coral mounds on the Pen Duick Escarpment, Gulf of Cadiz: The MICROSYSTEMS project approach. Marine Geology 282:102-117. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Vonk, R; Hoeksema, BW; Jaume, D. 2011. A new marine interstitial Psammogammarus (Crustacea,Amphipoda, Melitidae) from Gura Ici Island, off western Halmahera (North Moluccas, Indonesia), and an overview of the genus. Zookeys 53-73. 2011 India; Japan; Indonesia Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Skeletal Coral
Wahab, MAA; de Nys, R; Whalan, S. 2011. Larval behaviour and settlement cues of a brooding coral reef sponge. Coral Reefs 30:451-460. 2011 Encrusting Sponges; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Wenger, AS; Johansen, JL; Jones, GP. 2011. Suspended sediment impairs habitat choice and chemosensory discrimination in two coral reef fishes. Coral Reefs 30:879-887. 2011 Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Yahya, SAS; Gullstrom, M; Ohman, MC; Jiddawi, NS; Andersson, MH; Mgaya, YD; Lindahl, U. 2011. Coral bleaching and habitat effects on colonisation of reef fish assemblages: An experimental study. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 94:16-23. 2011 Tanzania Field Study & Monitoring Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Zuidema, C; Plate, R; Dikou, A. 2011. To preserve or to develop? East Bay dredging project, South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands. Journal of Coastal Conservation 15:555-563. 2011 Turks and Caicos Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Monetary Valuation; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Turf Algae; Valuation
Anker, A. 2010. A Second Finding Of Vercoia Interrupta Kim & Fujita, 2004 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Crangonidae), A Remarkable Shrimp Imitating Dead Snail Shells. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 58:27-30. 2010 Philippines Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch
Anker, A. 2010. The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species. Zootaxa 177-205. 2010 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Dominican Republic; Turks and Caicos; Tobago; Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama; Venezuela; Caribbean; Mexico Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral
Bongiorni, L., M. Mea, C. Gambi, A. Pusceddu, M. Taviani, and R. Danovaro. 2010. Deep-water scleractinian corals promote higher biodiversity in deep-sea meiofaunal assemblages along continental margins. Biological Conservation 143:1687-1700. 2010 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Bover-Arnal, T., J. A. Moreno-Bedmar, R. Salas, P. W. Skelton, K. Bitzer, and E. Gili. 2010. Sedimentary evolution of an Aptian syn-rift carbonate system (Maestrat Basin, E Spain): effects of accommodation and environmental change. Geologica Acta 8:249-280. 2010 Global; Spain Algae; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
De Grave, S. and T. Y. Chan. 2010. The Caridean Shrimps Of The Family Thalassocarididae Bate, 1888 (Crustacea: Decapoda) From The Philippine Panglao 2004 Expedition, With A Note On The Ecology Of Thalassocaris Crinita (Dana, 1852). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 58:189-192. 2010 Philippines Review Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Plankton; Skeletal Coral
Floyd, E. Y. and T. W. Anderson. 2010. Interactive effects of nutritional condition and refuge availability on survival of a temperate reef goby. Marine Ecology Progress Series 407:257-269. 2010 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Fish; Skeletal Coral
Gardiner, N. M. and G. P. Jones. 2010. Synergistic effects of habitat preference and gregarious behaviour on habitat use in coral reef cardinalfish. Coral Reefs 29:845-856. 2010 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Guerra-Garcia, J. M., T. Ganesh, M. Jaikumar, and A. V. Raman. 2010. Caprellids (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from India. Helgoland Marine Research 64:297-310. 2010 India Algae; Discharges; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Guillemot, N., P. Chabanet, and O. Le Pape. 2010. Cyclone effects on coral reef habitats in New Caledonia (South Pacific). Coral Reefs 29:445-453. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Haisfield, K. M., H. E. Fox, S. Yen, S. Mangubhai, and P. J. Mous. 2010. An ounce of prevention: cost-effectiveness of coral reef rehabilitation relative to enforcement. Conservation Letters 3:243-250. 2010 Southeast Asia; Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
Heindel, K., J. Titschack, B. Dorschel, V. A. I. Huvenne, and A. Freiwald. 2010. The sediment composition and predictive mapping of facies on the Propeller Mound-A cold-water coral mound (Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic). Continental Shelf Research 30:1814-1829. 2010 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Echinoderms; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Lasagna, R., G. Albertelli, P. Colantoni, C. Morri, and C. N. Bianchi. 2010. Ecological stages of Maldivian reefs after the coral mass mortality of 1998. Facies 56:1-11. 2010 Indian Ocean; Maldives; India Algae; Coralline Algae; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Lecchini, D., S. C. Mills, C. Brie, R. Maurin, and B. Banaigs. 2010. Ecological determinants and sensory mechanisms in habitat selection of crustacean postlarvae. Behavioral Ecology 21:599-607. 2010 Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Skeletal Coral
Littler, M. M., D. S. Littler, and B. L. Brooks. 2010. The effects of nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment on algal community development: Artificial mini-reefs on the Belize Barrier Reef sedimentary lagoon. Harmful Algae 9:255-263. 2010 South & Central America; Belize Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Coralline Algae; Cyanobacteria; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Lopez-Ordaz, A. and J. G. Rodriguez-Quintal. 2010. Ichthyofauna associated to a shallow reef in Morrocoy National Park, Venezuela. Revista de Biologia Tropical 58:163-174. 2010 Venezuela Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Mayakun, J., J. H. Kim, and A. Prathep. 2010. Effects of herbivory and the season of disturbance on algal succession in a tropical intertidal shore, Phuket, Thailand. Phycological Research 58:88-96. 2010 Thailand Algae; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
McCormick, M. I., J. A. Y. Moore, and P. L. Munday. 2010. Influence of habitat degradation on fish replenishment. Coral Reefs 29:537-546. 2010 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Climate; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Morrison, R. J., P. J. Peshut, and B. K. Lasorsa. 2010. Elemental composition and mineralogical characteristics of coastal marine sediments of Tutuila, American Samoa. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:925-930. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean; Samoa; American Samoa Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Nobi, E. P., E. Dilipan, T. Thangaradjou, K. Sivakumar, and L. Kannan. 2010. Geochemical and geo-statistical assessment of heavy metal concentration in the sediments of different coastal ecosystems of Andaman Islands, India. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 87:253-264. 2010 India Index or Indicator Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Palmer, S. E., C. T. Perry, S. G. Smithers, and P. Gulliver. 2010. Internal structure and accretionary history of a nearshore, turbid-zone coral reef: Paluma Shoals, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Marine Geology 276:14-29. 2010 Australia Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Quere, G. and J. M. Leis. 2010. Settlement behaviour of larvae of the Stripey Snapper, Lutjanus carponotatus (Teleostei: Lutjanidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 88:227-238. 2010 Australia Octocoral; Piscivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Rosso, A., A. Vertino, I. Di Geronimo, R. Sanfilippo, F. Sciuto, R. Di Geronimo, D. Violanti, C. Corselli, M. Taviani, F. Mastrototaro, and A. Tursi. 2010. Hard- and soft-bottom thanatofacies from the Santa Maria di Leuca deep-water coral province, Mediterranean. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 57:360-379. 2010 Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Sawall, Y., N. Phongsuwan, and C. Richter. 2010. Coral recruitment and recovery after the 2004 Tsunami around the Phi Phi Islands (Krabi Province) and Phuket, Andaman Sea, Thailand. Helgoland Marine Research 64:357-365. 2010 Thailand Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Sheehy, D. J. and S. F. Vik. 2010. The role of constructed reefs in non-indigenous species introductions and range expansions. Ecological Engineering 36:1-11. 2010 South & Central America; Mexico Review Artificial Habitat; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Civil Engineering & Construction; Invasive Species; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Skeletal Coral
Twiggs, E. J. and L. B. Collins. 2010. Development and demise of a fringing coral reef during Holocene environmental change, eastern Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Marine Geology 275:20-36. 2010 Global; Australia Climate; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Vanreusel, A., G. Fonseca, R. Danovaro, M. C. da Silva, A. M. Esteves, T. Ferrero, G. Gad, V. Galtsova, C. Gambi, V. D. Genevois, J. Ingels, B. Ingole, N. Lampadariou, B. Merckx, D. Miljutin, M. Miljutina, A. Muthumbi, S. Netto, D. Portnova, T. Radziejewska, and Rae. 2010. The contribution of deep-sea macrohabitat heterogeneity to global nematode diversity. Marine Ecology-an Evolutionary Perspective 31:6-20. 2010 Global Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Wilson, S. K., M. Depczynski, R. Fisher, T. H. Holmes, R. A. O'Leary, and P. Tinkler. 2010. Habitat Associations of Juvenile Fish at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia: The Importance of Coral and Algae. PLoS One 5:e15185. 2010 Australia Algae; Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Yeh, T. C. and P. W. Hsueh. 2010. Taku Spinosocarinatus (Fukuda, 1909): First Record Of A Takuid Stomatopod From Taiwan. Crustaceana 83:369-373. 2010 Taiwan Skeletal Coral
Alwany, M. A., E. Thaler, and M. Stachowitsch. 2009. Parrotfish bioerosion on Egyptian Red Sea reefs. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 371:170-176. 2009 Egypt Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Baker, R. D., P. Hallock, E. F. Moses, D. E. Williams, and A. Ramirez. 2009. Larger Foraminifers Of The Florida Reef Tract, Usa: Distribution Patterns On Reef-Rubble Habitats. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 39:267-277. 2009 Florida Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch; Storms & Hurricanes
Blazewicz-Paszkowycz, M. and K. Zemko. 2009. A new species of Metatanais Shiino, 1952 (Crustacea, Tanaidacea, Paratanaoidea) from Australian coral reefs, with a redefinition of the genus. Zookeys 129-141. 2009 Australia; Japan Algae; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Bourillot, R., E. Vennin, C. Kolodka, J. M. Rouchy, A. Caruso, C. Durlet, C. Chaix, and V. Rommevaux. 2009. The role of topography and erosion in the development and architecture of shallow-water coral bioherms (Tortonian-Messinian, Cabo de Gata, SE Spain). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 281:92-114. 2009 Spain Algae; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Boyce, J. I., E. G. Reinhardt, and B. N. Goodman. 2009. Magnetic detection of ship ballast deposits and anchorage sites in King Herod's Roman harbour, Caesarea Maritima, Israel. Journal of Archaeological Science 36:1516-1526. 2009 Oman Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Camargo, C., J. H. Maldonado, E. Alvarado, R. Moreno-Sanchez, S. Mendoza, N. Manrique, A. Mogollon, J. D. Osorio, A. Grajales, and J. A. Sanchez. 2009. Community involvement in management for maintaining coral reef resilience and biodiversity in southern Caribbean marine protected areas. Biodiversity and Conservation 18:935-956. 2009 South & Central America; Oman; Caribbean Index or Indicator Algae; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Caragnano, A., F. Colombo, G. Rodondi, and D. Basso. 2009. 3-D distribution of nongeniculate corallinales: a case study from a reef crest of South Sinai (Red Sea, Egypt). Coral Reefs 11-Jan. 2009 Egypt Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Coralline Algae; Light; Skeletal Coral
Caras, T. and Z. Pasternak. 2009. Long-term environmental impact of coral mining at the Wakatobi marine park, Indonesia. Ocean and Coastal Management 52:539-544. 2009 Indonesia Algae; Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Marine Protected Areas; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Chazottes, V., G. Cabioch, S. Golubic, and G. Radtke. 2009. Bathymetric zonation of modern microborers in dead coral substrates from New Caledonia-Implications for paleodepth reconstructions in Holocene corals. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 280:456-468. 2009 New Caledonia Model Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Coker, D. J., M. S. Pratchett, and P. L. Munday. 2009. Coral bleaching and habitat degradation increase susceptibility to predation for coral-dwelling fishes. Behavioral Ecology 20:1204-1210. 2009 Global Climate; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Cornelisen, C. D. and F. I. M. Thomas. 2009. Prediction and validation of flow-dependent uptake of ammonium over a seagrass-hardbottom community in Florida Bay. Marine Ecology Progress Series 386:71-81. 2009 Florida Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Seawater Flow; Skeletal Coral
de Voogd, N. J., L. E. Becking, and D. F. R. Cleary. 2009. Sponge community composition in the Derawan Islands, NE Kalimantan, Indonesia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 396:169-180. 2009 Java; Indonesia Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
DeMartini, E. E., B. J. Zgliczynski, R. C. Boland, and A. M. Friedlander. 2009. Influences of wind-wave exposure on the distribution and density of recruit reef fishes at Kure and Pearl and Hermes Atolls, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Environmental Biology of Fishes 85:319-332. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Seawater Flow; Skeletal Coral
Diaz-Pulido, G., L. J. McCook, S. Dove, R. Berkelmans, G. Roff, D. I. Kline, S. Weeks, R. D. Evans, D. H. Williamson, and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. 2009. Doom and boom on a resilient reef: climate change, algal overgrowth and coral recovery. PLoS One 4. 2009 Global; Australia Model Climate; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral
Duris, Z., I. Horka, and D. T. Hoc. 2009. Periclimenaeus Nufu, A New Species Of Shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pontoniinae) From Vietnam. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57:453-464. 2009 China; Vietnam Encrusting Sponges; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Fava, F., M. Ponti, A. Scinto, B. Calcinai, and C. Cerrano. 2009. Possible effects of human impacts on epibenthic communities and coral rubble features in the marine Park of Bunaken (Indonesia). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 85:151-156. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Housing; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Feary, D. A., M. I. McCormick, and G. P. Jones. 2009. Growth of reef fishes in response to live coral cover. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 373:45-49. 2009 Global Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Fry, G., D. A. Milton, T. Van Der Velde, I. Stobutzki, R. Andamari, Badrudin, and B. Sumiono. 2009. Reproductive dynamics and nursery habitat preferences of two commercially important Indo-Pacific red snappers Lutjanus erythropterus and L-malabaricus. Fisheries Science 75:145-158. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Indonesia Piscivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
Gonzalez-Cabello, A. and D. R. Bellwood. 2009. Local ecological impacts of regional biodiversity on reef fish assemblages. Journal of Biogeography 36:1129-1137. 2009 South & Central America; Australia; Mexico Fish; Skeletal Coral
Graham, N. A. J., S. K. Wilson, M. S. Pratchett, N. V. C. Polunin, and M. D. Spalding. 2009. Coral mortality versus structural collapse as drivers of corallivorous butterflyfish decline. Biodiversity and Conservation 12-Jan. 2009 Indian Ocean; Seychelles; Chagos Archipelago; India Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Mitigation; Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Hansson, L., M. Agis, C. Maier, and M. G. Weinbauer. 2009. Community composition of bacteria associated with cold-water coral Madrepora oculata: within and between colony variability. Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:89-102. 2009 Microorganisms; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Hoeksema, B. W. 2009. Attached Mushroom Corals (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) In Sediment-Stressed Reef Conditions At Singapore, Including A New Species And A New Record. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 81-90. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Kawauchi, G. Y. and M. E. Rice. 2009. Two new species of Nephasoma (Sipuncula: Golfingiidae) from the Western Atlantic Ocean. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 122:13-Jan. 2009 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean Review Golf Course Operations; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral
Knittweis, L., J. Jompa, C. Richter, and M. Wolff. 2009. Population dynamics of the mushroom coral Heliofungia actiniformis in the Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Coral Reefs 28:793-804. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Knittweis, L., J. Jompa, C. Richter, and M. Wolff. 2009. Population dynamics of the mushroom coral Heliofungia actiniformis in the Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Coral Reefs 12-Jan. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Model Aquarium & Pet Trade; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Lee, C. S., J. Walford, and B. P. L. Goh. 2009. Adding coral rubble to substrata enhances settlement of Pocillopora damicornis larvae. Coral Reefs 28:529-533. 2009 Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Liu, P. J., S. M. Lin, T. Y. Fan, P. J. Meng, K. T. Shao, and H. J. Lin. 2009. Rates of overgrowth by macroalgae and attack by sea anemones are greater for live coral than dead coral under conditions of nutrient enrichment. Limnology and Oceanography 54:1167-1175. 2009 Taiwan Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Lowry, J. K. and H. E. Stoddart. 2009. Wandinidae. Zootaxa 927-930. 2009 Australia Skeletal Coral
Maeno, S., L. G. Bierawski, W. Magda, and M. Ogawa. 2009. Vof-Dem-Fem Combined Model Of The Reef Breakwater Collapse. Coastal Engineering Journal 51:223-242. 2009 Lab Study; Model; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral
Margreth, S., A. Ruggeberg, and S. Spezzaferri. 2009. Benthic foraminifera as bioindicator for cold-water coral reef ecosystems along the Irish margin. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 56:2216-2234. 2009 Europe; Norway Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
McCormick, M. I. 2009. Behaviourally Mediated Phenotypic Selection in a Disturbed Coral Reef Environment. PLoS One 4:e7096. 2009 Global Climate; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Montebon, A. R. F. and H. T. Yap. 2009. Abundance, density, and size structure of Spirobranchus gaymardi (Polychaeta, Serpulidae) in Philippine coral reefs. Bulletin of Marine Science 84:93-108. 2009 Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Moore, J. A. and P. J. Auster. 2009. Commensalism Between Juvenile Cusk Eels and Pancake Urchins on Western North Atlantic Seamounts. Bulletin Of The Peabody Museum Of Natural History 50:381-386. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); England Echinoderms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Morton, B. 2009. The watering pot shell Dianadema minima (Bivalvia, Anomalodesmata, Clavagellidae): re-description and an interpretation of adventitious crypt formation. Invertebrate Biology 128:252-260. 2009 Indian Ocean; Mauritius; India Skeletal Coral
Muller, H. G. and F. Krapp. 2009. The pycnogonid fauna (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) of the Tayrona National Park and adjoining areas on the Caribbean coast of Colombia. Zootaxa 1-138. 2009 South & Central America; Belize; Panama; Caribbean Review; Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Arthropods; Coralline Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Land & Air Transportation; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Nakamura, Y., T. Shibuno, D. Lecchini, T. Kawamura, and Y. Watanabe. 2009. Spatial variability in habitat associations of pre- and post-settlement stages of coral reef fishes at Ishigaki Island, Japan. Marine Biology 156:2413-2419. 2009 Japan Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Neo, M. L., P. A. Todd, S.L.-M. Teo, and L. M. Chou. 2009. Can artificial substrates enriched with crustose coralline algae enhance larval settlement and recruitment in the fluted giant clam (Tridacna squamosa)? Hydrobiologia 625:83-90. 2009 Algae; Coralline Algae; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Nguyen, H. Y. T., O. Pedersen, K. Ikejima, K. Sunada, and S. Oishi. 2009. Using reefcheck monitoring database to develop the coral reef index of biological integrity. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 4:90-102. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Small Boats; Stony Coral
Ohba, H., B. E. Casareto, and Y. Suzuki. 2009. Primary Producers And Nitrogen Fixers Colonizing Coral Rubble Of Coral Reefs At Ryukyus, Southern Japan. Phycologia 48. 2009 Japan Nutrients; Skeletal Coral
Ortiz, J. C., M. D. Gomez-Cabrera, and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. 2009. Effect of colony size and surrounding substrate on corals experiencing a mild bleaching event on Heron Island reef flat (southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Coral Reefs 28:999-1003. 2009 Australia Climate; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Perry, C. T., S. G. Smithers, and K. G. Johnson. 2009. Long-term coral community records from Lugger Shoal on the terrigenous inner-shelf of the central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs 28:941-948. 2009 Australia Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Pueschel, C. M. and G. W. Saunders. 2009. Ramicrusta textilis sp nov (Peyssonneliaceae, Rhodophyta), an anatomically complex Caribbean alga that overgrows corals. Phycologia 48:480-491. 2009 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Jamaica; Pacific Ocean; Caribbean Skeletal Coral
Roth, M. S. and N. Knowlton. 2009. Distribution, abundance, and microhabitat characterization of small juvenile corals at Palmyra Atoll. Marine Ecology Progress Series 376:133-142. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Palmyra Atoll Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Coralline Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Skeletal Coral
Scopelitis, J., S. Andrefouet, S. Phinn, P. Chabanet, O. Naim, C. Tourrand, and T. Done. 2009. Changes of coral communities over 35 years: Integrating in situ and remote-sensing data on Saint-Leu Reef (la Reunion, Indian Ocean). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 84:342-352. 2009 Indian Ocean; Reunion; India Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Algae; Climate; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Staples, D. A. 2009. A new species of Rhopalorhynchus (Pycnogonida: Colossendeidae) from Lizard Island, North Queensland, Australia. Zootaxa 62-68. 2009 Australia Review Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Skeletal Coral
Todd, P. A., J. H. Lee, and L. M. Chou. 2009. Polymorphism and crypsis in the boring giant clam (Tridacna crocea): potential strategies against visual predators. Hydrobiologia 635:37-43. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii; Malaysia; Oman Bivalves; Primary Production; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Zooxanthellae
Valles, H., W. Hunte, and D. L. Kramer. 2009. Variable temporal relationships between environment and recruitment in coral reef fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 379:225-240. 2009 Model Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Plankton; Salinity; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
van Oevelen, D., G. Duineveld, M. Lavaleye, F. Mienis, K. Soetaert, and C. H. R. Heip. 2009. The cold-water coral community as a hot spot for carbon cycling on continental margins: A food-web analysis from Rockall Bank (northeast Atlantic). Limnology and Oceanography 54:1829-1844. 2009 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model Carbon Storage & Cycling; Plankton; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Van Soest, R. W. M. 2009. New sciophilous sponges from the Caribbean (Porifera: Demospongiae). Zootaxa 1-40. 2009 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Warner, D. M., R. M. Claramunt, J. Janssen, D. J. Jude, and N. Wattrus. 2009. Acoustic estimates of abundance and distribution of spawning lake trout on Sheboygan Reef in Lake Michigan. Journal of Great Lakes Research 35:147-153. 2009 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Wienberg, C., D. Hebbeln, H. G. Fink, F. Mienis, B. Dorschel, A. Vertino, M. Lopez Correa, and A. Freiwald. 2009. Scleractinian cold-water corals in the Gulf of Cadiz-First clues about their spatial and temporal distribution. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 56:1873-1893. 2009 Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Wolanski, E., J. A. Martinez, and R. H. Richmond. 2009. Quantifying the impact of watershed urbanization on a coral reef: Maunalua Bay, Hawaii. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 84:259-268. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring; Model Algae; Coralline Algae; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-Monetary Valuation; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Yuen, Y. S., S. S. Yamazaki, T. Nakamura, G. Tokuda, and H. Yamasaki. 2009. Effects of live rock on the reef-building coral Acropora digitifera cultured with high levels of nitrogenous compounds. Aquacultural Engineering 41:35-43. 2009 Algae; Coralline Algae; Echinoderms; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Aline, T. 2008. Dissolution of dead corals by euendolithic microorganisms across the northern Great Barrier Reef (Australia). Microbial Ecology 55:569-580. 2008 Australia Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Amato, K. R., S. L. Emel, C. A. Lindgren, K. M. Sullan, P. R. Wright, and J. J. Gilbert. 2008. Covering behavior of two co-occurring Jamaican sea urchins: Differences in the amount of covering and selection of covering material. Bulletin of Marine Science 82:255-261. 2008 Jamaica Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral
Byrne, M., P. Cisternas, and T. O'Hara. 2008. Brooding of pelagic-type larvae in Ophiopeza spinosa: Reproduction and development in a tropical ophiodermatid brittlestar. Invertebrate Biology 127:98-107. 2008 Australia; Cuba Skeletal Coral
Carballo, J. L., E. Bautista-Guerrero, and G. E. Leyte-Morales. 2008. Boring sponges and the modeling of coral reefs in the east Pacific Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress Series 356:113-122. 2008 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Mexico Model Boring Sponges; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Chandrasekaran, S., N. Arun Nagendran, D. Pandiaraja, N. Krishnankutty, and B. Kamalakannan. 2008. Bioinvasion of Kappaphycus alvarezii on corals in the Gulf of Mannar, India. Current Science 94:1167-1172. 2008 India Aquaculture; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Cherbadgy, I. I. and L. N. Propp. 2008. Photosynthesis and respiration of a deep-water periphyton community (Macclesfield Bank, South China Sea). Russian Journal of Marine Biology 34:301-308. 2008 China Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Coralline Algae; Light; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Primary Production; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Chevaldonne, P., B. Sket, C. Marschal, C. Lejeusne, and R. Calado. 2008. Improvements to the \Sket bottle\": A simple manual device for sampling small crustaceans from marine caves and other cryptic habitats". Journal of Crustacean Biology 28:185-188. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Davey, M., G. Holmes, and R. Johnstone. 2008. High rates of nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) on coral skeletons following bleaching mortality. Coral Reefs 27:227-236. 2008 Algae; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Duckworth, A. R., C. Wolff, E. Evans-Illidge, S. Whalan, and S. Lui. 2008. Spatial variability in community structure of Dictyoceratida sponges across Torres Strait, Australia. Continental Shelf Research 28:2168-2173. 2008 Australia; Papua New Guinea Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Finkl, C. W., J. E. Becerra, V. Achatz, and J. L. Andrews. 2008. Geomorphological mapping along the upper southeast Florida Atlantic continental platform; I: Mapping units, symbolization and geographic information system presentation of interpreted seafloor topography. Journal of Coastal Research 24:1388-1417. 2008 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Pipelines; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Gheerardyn, H., M. De Troch, S. G. M. Ndaro, M. Raes, M. Vincx, and A. Vanreusel. 2008. Community structure and microhabitat preferences of harpacticoid copepods in a tropical reef lagoon (Zanzibar Island, Tanzania). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88:747-758. 2008 Indian Ocean; Tanzania; India; United Kingdom Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Gibson. T., H. Wanless, J. Klaus, P. Foster-Turley, K. Florini, T. Olson. 2008. Corals and Climate Change: Florida�s Natural Treasures at Risk. Environmental Defense Fund. 2008 Global; Florida Climate; CO2; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Nutrients; Pathogens; Primary Production; Recreational Fishing; Sea Temperatures; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Gischler, E., J. H. Hudson, and A. Pisera. 2008. Late Quaternary reef growth and sea level in the Maldives (Indian Ocean). Marine Geology 250:104-113. 2008 Indian Ocean; Maldives; India Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Henry, L.-A., M. S. Nizinski, and S. W. Ross. 2008. Occurrence and biogeography of hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from deep-water coral habitats off the southeastern United States. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 55:788-800. 2008 South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bahamas; India; Caribbean Fish; Skeletal Coral
Hernaman, V. and P. K. Probert. 2008. Spatial and temporal patterns of abundance of coral reef gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae). Journal of Fish Biology 72:1589-1606. 2008 Skeletal Coral
Idris, M. H., A. Arshad, J. S. Bujang, M. A. Ghaffar, and S. K. Daud. 2008. Morphometric analysis as an application tool to differentiate three local pen shells species. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 31:287-298. 2008 Malaysia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Bivalves; Seagrasses; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Inose, H. 2008. Discovery of boring bivalve from the Low Cretaceous Miyako Group in the coast of Rikuchu, Iwate Prefecture Northeast Japan. Fossils 84:81-85. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Jeffers, S. A., W. F. Patterson III, and J. H. Cowan Jr. 2008. Habitat and bycatch effects on population parameters of inshore lizardfish (Synodus foetens) in the north central Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin 106:417-426. 2008 South & Central America; Mexico Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Lecchini, D. and M. Tsuchiya. 2008. Spatial structure of coral reef fish communities at Kudaka Island (Ryukyu Archipelago), Japan. Ichthyological Research 55:321-327. 2008 Japan Fish; Skeletal Coral
Lenihan, H. S., M. Adjeroud, M. J. Kotchen, J. L. Hench, and T. Nakamura. 2008. Reef structure regulates small-scale spatial variation in coral bleaching. Marine Ecology Progress Series 370:127-141. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Leujak, W. and R. F. G. Ormond. 2008. Quantifying acceptable levels of visitor use on Red Sea reef flats. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:930-944. 2008 Egypt Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Corallivorous Fish; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Morton, J. K., M. E. Platell, and W. Gladstone. 2008. Differences in feeding ecology among three co-occurring species of wrasse (Teleostei: Labridae) on rocky reefs of temperate Australia. Marine Biology 154:577-592. 2008 Australia; Cuba Bivalves; Complex Habitat & Resources; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Special Use Permitting
Murugan, A., S. Dhanya, S. Rajagopal, and T. Balasubramanian. 2008. Seahorses and pipefishes of the Tamil Nadu coast. Current Science 95:253-260. 2008 India; Oman Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Nanami, A. and H. Yamada. 2008. Foraging rates and substratum selection in foraging activity of checkered snapper Lutjanus decussatus (Lutjanidae) in an Okinawan coral reef. Journal of Fish Biology 73:1484-1488. 2008 Piscivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
O'Hara, T. D., A. A. Rowden, and A. Williams. 2008. Cold-water coral habitats on seamounts: Do they have a specialist fauna? Diversity and Distributions 14:925-934. 2008 Australia Climate; Ocean Acidity; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Pante, E., A. King, and P. Dustan. 2008. Short-term decline of a Bahamian patch reef coral community: Rainbow Gardens Reef 1991-2004. Hydrobiologia 596:121-132. 2008 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Pathogens; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Parsons, M. L., W. J. Walsh, C. J. Settlemier, D. J. White, J. M. Ballauer, P. M. Ayotte, K. M. Osada, and B. Carman. 2008. A multivariate assessment of the coral ecosystem health of two embayments on the lee of the island of Hawai'i. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56:1138-1149. 2008 Algae; Coralline Algae; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral
Perry, C. T. and L. J. Hepburn. 2008. Syn-depositional alteration of coral reef framework through bioerosion, encrustation and cementation: Taphonomic signatures of reef accretion and reef depositional events. Earth-Science Reviews 86:106-144. 2008 Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Bivalves; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Cyanobacteria; Fish; Microorganisms; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes
Raes, M., W. Decraemer, and A. Vanreusel. 2008. Walking with worms: Coral-associated epifaunal nematodes. Journal of Biogeography 35:2207-2222. 2008 Indian Ocean; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Kenya; India Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Roberts, J. M., L.-A. Henry, D. Long, and J. P. Hartley. 2008. Cold-water coral reef frameworks, megafaunal communities and evidence for coral carbonate mounds on the Hatton Bank, north east Atlantic. Facies 54:297-316. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model Marine Protected Areas; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral
Sciuto, F. and A. Rosso. 2008. Distribution pattern of deep-water ostracod assemblages from Lower Pleistocene sediments from Furnari, Sicily. Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana 47:33-43. 2008 Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Shenkar, N., O. Bronstein, and Y. Loya. 2008. Population dynamics of a coral reef ascidian in a deteriorating environment. Marine Ecology Progress Series 367:163-171. 2008 Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tunicates
Shibuno, T., Y. Nakamura, M. Horinouchi, and M. Sano. 2008. Habitat use patterns of fishes across the mangrove-seagrass-coral reef seascape at Ishigaki Island, southern Japan. Ichthyological Research 55:218-237. 2008 Japan Fish; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Spiridonov, V. A. and V. Neumann. 2008. Coral-inhabiting swimming crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Portunidae) of the Sudanese Red Sea. Organisms Diversity and Evolution 8. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii; Sudan; Iran Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral
Stimson, J. and E. Conklin. 2008. Potential reversal of a phase shift: The rapid decrease in the cover of the invasive green macroalga Dictyosphaeria cavernosa Forssk. on coral reefs in Kane'ohe Bay, Oahu, Hawai'i. Coral Reefs 27:717-726. 2008 Algae; Invasive Species; Light; Skeletal Coral
Takada, Y., O. Abe, and T. Shibuno. 2008. Cryptic assemblages in coral-rubble interstices along a terrestrial-sediment gradient. Coral Reefs 27:665-675. 2008 Japan Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Echinoderms; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Titlyanov, E. A. and T. V. Titlyanova. 2008. Coral - Algal competition on damaged reefs. Russian Journal of Marine Biology 34:199-219. 2008 Algae; Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Titlyanov, E. A., T. V. Titlyanova, and D. J. Chapman. 2008. Dynamics and patterns of algal colonization on mechanically damaged and dead colonies of the coral Porites lutea. Botanica Marina 51:285-296. 2008 Japan Algae; Cyanobacteria; Light; Microorganisms; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Valles, H., D. L. Kramer, and W. Hunte. 2008. Temporal and spatial patterns in the recruitment of coral-reef fishes in Barbados. Marine Ecology Progress Series 363:257-272. 2008 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate
Victor, S. 2008. Stability of reef framework and post settlement mortality as the structuring factor for recovery of Malakal Bay Reef, Palau, Micronesia: 25 years after a severe COTS outbreak. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 77:175-180. 2008 Palau; Micronesia Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Walker, S. J., B. M. Degnan, J. N. A. Hooper, and G. A. Skilleter. 2008. Will increased storm disturbance affect the biodiversity of intertidal, nonscleractinian sessile fauna on coral reefs? Global Change Biology 14:2755-2770. 2008 Global; Australia Climate; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Wells, R. J. D., J. H. Cowan Jr., and W. F. Patterson III. 2008. Habitat use and the effect of shrimp trawling on fish and invertebrate communities over the northern Gulf of Mexico continental shelf. ICES Journal of Marine Science 65:1610-1619. 2008 Global; South & Central America; Mexico Index or Indicator Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Fish; Invertebrate Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Wells, R. J. D., J. H. Cowan Jr., W. F. Patterson III, and C. J. Walters. 2008. Effect of trawling on juvenile red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) habitat selection and life history parameters. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65:2399-2411. 2008 South & Central America; Mexico Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertebrate Harvest; Piscivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Whalan, S., P. Ettinger-Epstein, C. Battershill, and R. De Nys. 2008. Larval vertical migration and hierarchical selectivity of settlement in a brooding marine sponge. Marine Ecology Progress Series 368:145-154. 2008 Australia Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Wienberg, C., L. Beuck, S. Heidkamp, D. Hebbeln, A. Freiwald, O. Pfannkuche, and X. Monteys. 2008. Franken Mound: Facies and biocoenoses on a newly-discovered \carbonate mound\" on the western Rockall Bank, NE Atlantic". Facies 54:24-Jan. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) GIS & Maps Fishing Sector; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Wilkes, A. A., M. M. Cook, A. L. DiGirolamo, J. Eme, J. M. Grim, B. C. Hohmann, S. L. Conner, C. J. McGill, C. M. Pomory, and W. A. Bennett. 2008. A comparison of damselfish densities on live Staghorn Coral (Acropora cervicornis) and coral rubble in Dry Tortugas National Park. Southeastern Naturalist 7:483-492. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Yerman, M. N. and T. Krapp-Schickel. 2008. A new genus and two new species of Saurodocus (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Melitidae) from Lizard Island, Queensland, Australia. Zootaxa 60-66. 2008 Australia Skeletal Coral
Anker, A. 2007. New species and records of alpheid shrimps, genera Salmoneus Holthuis and Parabetaeus Coutiere, from the tropical western Atlantic (Decapoda, Caridea). Zootaxa 21-39. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Antilles Algae; Coralline Algae; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Bailey-Brock, J., R. Brock, A. Kam, A. Fukunaga, and H. Akiyama. 2007. Anthropogenic disturbance on shallow cryptofaunal communities in a marine life conservation district on Oahu, Hawaii. International Review of Hydrobiology 92:291-300. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Trampling
Byrne, M. and S. J. Walker. 2007. Distribution and reproduction of intertidal species of Aquilonastra and Cryptasterina (Asterinidae) from one tree reef, southern Great Barrier Reef. Bulletin of Marine Science 81:209-218. 2007 Australia Skeletal Coral
Campbell, S. J., M. S. Pratchett, A. W. Anggoro, R. L. Ardiwijaya, N. Fadli, Y. Herdiana, T. Kartawijaya, D. Mahyiddin, A. Mukminin, S. T. Pardede, E. Rudi, A. M. Siregar, and A. H. Baird. 2007. Disturbance to coral reefs in Aceh, Northern Sumatra: Impacts of the Sumatra-Andaman tsunami and pre-tsunami degradation. Atoll Research Bulletin 55-78. 2007 Indonesia Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Special Use Permitting; Turf Algae
Carmona-Suarez, C. A. 2007. Spatial distribution, density, and relative growth of Microphrys bicornutus (Latreille, 1826) (Brachyura: Majidae) in five biotopes in a Thalassia complex. Scientia Marina 71:14-May. 2007 Venezuela Algae; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral
Caruso, J. H., S. W. Ross, K. J. Sulak, and G. R. Sedberry. 2007. Deep-water chaunacid and lophiid anglerfishes (Pisces: Lophiiformes) off the south-eastern United States. Journal of Fish Biology 70:1015-1026. 2007 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Caribbean; Mexico Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Skeletal Coral
Done, T., E. Turak, M. Wakeford, L. DeVantier, A. McDonald, and D. Fisk. 2007. Decadal changes in turbid-water coral communities at Pandora Reef: Loss of resilience or too soon to tell? Coral Reefs 26:789-805. 2007 Global; Australia; Europe Algae; Climate; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Garpe, K. C. and M. C. Ohman. 2007. Non-random habitat use by coral reef fish recruits in Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania. African Journal of Marine Science 29:187-199. 2007 Global; Indian Ocean; Tanzania; India Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Golbuu, Y. and R. H. Richmond. 2007. Substratum preferences in planula larvae of two species of scleractinian corals, Goniastrea retiformis and Stylaraea punctata. Marine Biology 152:639-644. 2007 Guam Lab Study Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Coralline Algae; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Gonzalez Gandara, C., M. Cruz Arellano, C. Dominguez Barradas, A. Serrano Solis, and A. D. J. Basanez Munoz. 2007. Macroalgae associated to four habitats from the Tuxpan reef, Veracruz, Mexico [Macroalgas asociadas a cuatro habitats del arrecife Tuxpan, Veracruz, Mexico]. Revista Cientifica UDO Agricola 7:252-257. 2007 South & Central America; Mexico Algae; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Hoey, J., M. I. McCormick, and A. S. Hoey. 2007. Influence of depth on sex-specific energy allocation patterns in a tropical reef fish. Coral Reefs 26:603-613. 2007 Index or Indicator Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Huhnerbach, V., P. Blondel, V. A. I. Huvenne, and A. Freiwald. 2007. Habitat mapping of a cold-water coral reef off Norway: A comparison of visual and computer-assisted methods to interpret sidescan sonar data. Special Paper - Geological Association of Canada 297-308. 2007 Norway Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Jones, C. M. and A. S. Grutter. 2007. Variation in emergence of parasitic and predatory isopods among habitats at Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef. Marine Biology 150:919-927. 2007 Australia Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Kaneko, N. and T. Kubodera. 2007. A new intertidal octopus species, Octopus incella (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), from Okinawa, southern Japan. Zootaxa 39-49. 2007 Japan Octopus & Squid; Skeletal Coral
Kitamura, M., T. Koyama, Y. Nakano, and D. Uemura. 2007. Characterization of a natural inducer of coral larval metamorphosis. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 340:96-102. 2007 Algae; Coralline Algae; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Mapstone, B. D., N. L. Andrew, Y. Chancerelle, and B. Salvat. 2007. Mediating effects of sea urchins on interactions among corals, algae and herbivorous fish in the Moorea lagoon, French Polynesia. Marine Ecology Progress Series 332:143-153. 2007 Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Marcus, J. E., M. A. Samoilys, J. J. Meeuwig, Z. A. D. Villongco, and A. C. J. Vincent. 2007. Benthic status of near-shore fishing grounds in the central Philippines and associated seahorse densities. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:1483-1494. 2007 Philippines Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Skeletal Coral
Mohammad-Noor, N., N. Daugbjerg, O. Moestrup, and A. Anton. 2007. Marine epibenthic dinoflagellates from Malaysia - A study of live cultures and preserved samples based on light and scanning electron microscopy. Nordic Journal of Botany 24:629-690. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Malaysia Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Norstrom, A. V., J. Lokrantz, M. Nystrom, and H. T. Yap. 2007. Influence of dead coral substrate morphology on patterns of juvenile coral distribution. Marine Biology 150:1145-1152. 2007 Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Okolodkov, Y. B., G. Campos-Bautista, I. Garate-Lizarraga, J. A. G. Gonzalez-Gonzalez, M. Hoppenrath, and V. Arenas. 2007. Seasonal changes of benthic and epiphytic dinoflagellates in the Veracruz reef zone, Gulf of Mexico. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 47:223-237. 2007 South & Central America; Mexico Hydrocoral; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Phongsuwan, N. and B. E. Brown. 2007. The influence of the Indian Ocean tsunami on coral reefs of Western Thailand, Andaman Sea, Indian Ocean. Atoll Research Bulletin 79-91. 2007 Indian Ocean; India; Thailand Field Study & Monitoring Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Poty, E. and E. Chevalier. 2007. Late Frasnian phillipsastreid biostromes in Belgium. Geological Society Special Publication 143-161. 2007 Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Rachello-Dolmen, P. G. and D. F. R. Cleary. 2007. Relating coral species traits to environmental conditions in the Jakarta Bay/Pulau Seribu reef system, Indonesia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 73:816-826. 2007 Indonesia Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Octocoral; Salinity; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Ramirez-Gutierrez, M., M. Tapia-Garcia, E. Ramos-Santiago, and R. Ulloa. 2007. Fish community structure in San Agustin Bay, Huatulco, Mexico. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 80:419-430. 2007 South & Central America; Mexico Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Raymundo, L. J., A. P. Maypa, E. D. Gomez, and P. Cadiz. 2007. Can dynamite-blasted reefs recover? A novel, low-tech approach to stimulating natural recovery in fish and coral populations. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:1009-1019. 2007 Southeast Asia; Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Mitigation; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Ribes, M. and M. J. Atkinson. 2007. Effects of water velocity on picoplankton uptake by coral reef communities. Coral Reefs 26:413-421. 2007 Bivalves; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Plankton; Seawater Flow; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Richmond, B. M. and R. A. Morton. 2007. Coral-gravel storm ridges: Examples from the tropical pacific and Caribbean. in Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes. 2007 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Antilles; Samoa; Tuvalu; Caribbean Coastal Engineering; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Sabdono, A., S. Kang, H.-G. Hur, H.-P. Grossart, M. Simon, and O. K. Radjasa. 2007. Organophosphate pesticide concentrations in coral tissues of Indonesian coastal waters. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 10:1926-1929. 2007 Java; Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Skeletal Coral
Swarnakumar, N. S., T. Thangaradjou, K. Sivakumar, and L. Kannan. 2007. Distribution of total heterotrophic bacteria in the coastal waters of the Great Nicobar with special reference to human pathogens. National Academy Science Letters 30:129-137. 2007 Beaches & Nature Parks; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Seagrasses; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Takada, Y., O. Abe, and T. Shibuno. 2007. Colonization patterns of mobile cryptic animals into interstices of coral rubble. Marine Ecology Progress Series 343:35-44. 2007 Japan Model Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Tkachenko, K. S., B.-J. Wu, L.-S. Fang, and T.-Y. Fan. 2007. Dynamics of a coral reef community after mass mortality of branching Acropora corals and an outbreak of anemones. Marine Biology 151:185-194. 2007 Taiwan Anemones & Zooanthids; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Tupper, M. 2007. Identification of nursery habitats for commercially valuable humphead wrasse Cheilinus undulatus and large groupers (Pisces: Serranidae) in Palau. Marine Ecology Progress Series 332:189-199. 2007 Palau Algae; Coastal Development; Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Van Soest, R. W. M., D. F. R. Cleary, M. J. De Kluijver, M. S. S. Lavaleye, C. Maier, and F. C. Van Duyl. 2007. Sponge diversity and community composition in Irish bathyal coral reefs. Contributions to Zoology 76:121-142. 2007 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Winfield, I. and E. Escobar-Briones. 2007. Amphipods (Crustacea: Gammaridea) in the northern sector of the Caribbean Sea: checklist, new reports and spatial distribution [Anfipodos (Crustacea: Gammaridea) del sector norte del Mar Caribe: Listado faunistico, registros nuevos y distribucion espac. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 78:51-61. 2007 South & Central America; Caribbean Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Yamano, H. 2007. The use of multi-temporal satellite images to estimate intertidal reef-flat topography. Journal of Spatial Science 52:73-79. 2007 Australia Skeletal Coral
[No author name available]. 2006. International Conference on Coastlines, Structures and Breakwaters 2005: Harmonising Scale and Detail - Proceedings of the International Conference on Coastlines, Structures and Breakwaters 2005. in International Conference on Coastlines, Structures and Breakwaters 2005: Harmonising Scale and Detail - Proceedings of the International Conference on Coastlines, Structures and Breakwaters 2005. 2006 Indian Ocean; Sri Lanka; India Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Baird, T. A. and T. D. Baird. 2006. Phenotypic plasticity in the reproductive behavior of female sand tilefish, Malacanthus plumieri. Ethology 112:52-63. 2006 South & Central America; Belize Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Plankton; Skeletal Coral
Bosellini, F. R. 2006. Biotic changes and their control on Oligocene-Miocene reefs: A case study from the Apulia Platform margin (southern Italy). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 241:393-409. 2006 Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Coralline Algae; Marine Worms; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Clark, P. F. and P. K. L. Ng. 2006. A new species of Notonyx A. Milne-Edwards, 1873 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Goneplacidae) from the intertidal zone of Phuket, Thailand. Zoosystema 28:539-551. 2006 Thailand; Japan; Fiji; Indonesia Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral
Creque, S. M., M. J. Raffenberg, W. A. Brofka, and J. M. Dettmers. 2006. If you build it, will they come? Fish and angler use at a freshwater artificial reef. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 26:702-713. 2006 Cuba Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Skeletal Coral
Dikou, A. and R. Van Woesik. 2006. Partial colony mortality reflects coral community dynamics: A fringing reef study near a small river in Okinawa, Japan. Marine Pollution Bulletin 52:269-280. 2006 Japan Index or Indicator Discharges; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Dikou, A. and R. van Woesik. 2006. Survival under chronic stress from sediment load: Spatial patterns of hard coral communities in the southern islands of Singapore. Marine Pollution Bulletin 52:1340-1354. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Dizon, R. T. and H. T. Yap. 2006. Effects of coral transplantation in sites of varying distances and environmental conditions. Marine Biology 148:933-943. 2006 Philippines Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Fox, H. E. and R. L. Caldwell. 2006. Recovery from blast fishing on coral reefs: A tale of two scales. Ecological Applications 16:1631-1635. 2006 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral
Gheerardyn, H., F. Fiers, M. Vincx, and M. De Troch. 2006. Peltidiphonte gen. n., a new taxon of laophontidae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from coral substrates of the Indo-West Pacific Ocean. Hydrobiologia 553:171-199. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Kenya; Comoros; Pacific Ocean; Solomon Islands; Papua New Guinea Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Grigg, R. W. 2006. Depth limit for reef building corals in the Au'au Channel, S.E. Hawaii. Coral Reefs 25:77-84. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Skeletal Coral
Krapp-Schickel, T. and A. A. Myers. 2006. New and little known Aoridae, Corophiidae, Kamakidae, Photidae and Unciolidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from the Indo-Pacific. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 86:1083-1096. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Malaysia; Indonesia Algae; Skeletal Coral
Lidz, B. H., C. D. Reich, R. L. Peterson, and E. A. Shinn. 2006. New maps, new information: Coral reefs of the Florida keys. Journal of Coastal Research 22:260-282. 2006 Florida GIS & Maps Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Loh, T.-L., J. T. I. Tanzil, and L. M. Chou. 2006. Preliminary study of community development and scleractinian recruitment on fibreglass artificial reef units in the sedimented waters of Singapore. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 16:61-76. 2006 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Artificial Habitat; Coralline Algae; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Small Boats; Stony Coral; Turf Algae
Messing, C. G., D. L. Meyer, U. E. Siebeck, L. S. Jermiin, D. I. Vaney, and G. W. Rouse. 2006. A modern soft-bottom, shallow-water crinoid fauna (Echinodermata) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs 25:164-168. 2006 Australia Algae; Echinoderms; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Nugues, M. M. and A. M. Szmant. 2006. Coral settlement onto Halimeda opuntia: A fatal attraction to an ephemeral substrate? Coral Reefs 25:585-591. 2006 South & Central America; Caribbean Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Nugues, M. M. and R. P. M. Bak. 2006. Differential competitive abilities between Caribbean coral species and a brown alga: A year of experiments and a long-term perspective. Marine Ecology Progress Series 315:75-86. 2006 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Patten, N. L., J. R. Seymour, and J. G. Mitchell. 2006. Flow cytometric analysis of virus-like particles and heterotrophic bacteria within coral-associated reef water. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 86:563-566. 2006 Microorganisms; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral
Perry, C. T. and S. G. Smithers. 2006. Taphonomic signatures of turbid-zone reef development: Examples from Paluma Shoals and Lugger Shoal, inshore central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 242:20-Jan. 2006 Australia Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Coralline Algae; Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Perry, C. T., K. G. Taylor, and P. G. Machent. 2006. Temporal shifts in reef lagoon sediment composition, Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 67:133-144. 2006 Jamaica Calcareous Macroalgae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Molluscs; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Pondella II, D. J., L. G. Allen, M. T. Craig, and B. Gintert. 2006. Evaluation of eelgrass mitigation and fishery enhancement structures in San Diego Bay, California. Bulletin of Marine Science 78:115-131. 2006 Fish; Fishing Sector; Mitigation; Skeletal Coral
Raes, M. and A. Vanreusel. 2006. Microhabitat type determines the composition of nematode communities associated with sediment-clogged cold-water coral framework in the Porcupine Seabight (NE Atlantic). Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 53:1880-1894. 2006 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Complex Habitat & Resources; Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Ritger, R. K. and J. L. Norenburg. 2006. Tubulanus riceae new species (Nemertea: Anopla: Palaeonemertea: Tubulanidae), from South Florida, Belize and Panama. Journal of Natural History 40:931-942. 2006 South & Central America; Florida; Belize; Panama Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral
Saeed, F. 2006. Digital image processing of high resolution aerial photograph of Shallow Marine Sanctuary, Victoria, Australia. Pages 179-184 in 2006 International Conference on Advances in Space Technologies, ICAST. 2006 Australia Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Skeletal Coral
Shirlal, K. G., S. Rao, V. Ganesh, and Manu. 2006. Stability of breakwater defenced by a seaward submerged reef. Ocean Engineering 33:829-846. 2006 Model Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral
Smith, J. E., M. Shaw, R. A. Edwards, D. Obura, O. Pantos, E. Sala, S. A. Sandin, S. Smriga, M. Hatay, and F. L. Rohwer. 2006. Indirect effects of algae on coral: Algae-mediated, microbe-induced coral mortality. Ecology Letters 9:835-845. 2006 Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral
Strathmann, M. F. and R. R. Strathmann. 2006. A vermetid gastropod with complex intracapsular cannibalism of nurse eggs and sibling larvae and a high potential for invasion. Pacific Science 60:97-108. 2006 Global; Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean Lab Study Docks & Marinas; Skeletal Coral
Toller, W. 2006. An investigation of anchor damage to the Frederiksted Reef System: Impacts to substrate, benthic communities, and reef fish assemblages. Disivision of Fish and Wildlife, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Frederiksted, USVI. 2006 US Virgin Islands Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Algae; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Calcareous Macroalgae; Commercial Fishing Boats; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate; Turf Algae
Tribollet, A., C. Langdon, S. Golubic, and M. Atkinson. 2006. Endolithic microflora are major primary producers in dead carbonate substrates of Hawaiian coral reefs. Journal of Phycology 42:292-303. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Primary Production; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate; Turf Algae
Tribollet, A., M. J. Atkinson, and C. Langdon. 2006. Effects of elevated pCO2 on epilithic and endolithic metabolism of reef carbonates. Global Change Biology 12:2200-2208. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Lab Study Algae; CO2; Coralline Algae; Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Primary Production; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Valles, H., D. L. Kramer, and W. Hunte. 2006. A standard unit for monitoring recruitment of fishes to coral reef rubble. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 336:171-183. 2006 Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Construction Codes & Projects; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Wantiez, L., O. Chateau, and S. Le Mouellic. 2006. Initial and mid-term impacts of cyclone Erica on coral reef fish communities and habitat in the South Lagoon Marine Park of New Caledonia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 86:1229-1236. 2006 New Caledonia Algae; Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Yakimov, M. M., S. Cappello, E. Crisafi, A. Tursi, A. Savini, C. Corselli, S. Scarfi, and L. Giuliano. 2006. Phylogenetic survey of metabolically active microbial communities associated with the deep-sea coral Lophelia pertusa from the Apulian plateau, Central Mediterranean Sea. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 53:62-75. 2006 Microorganisms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Yates, K. K. and R. B. Halley. 2006. CO32- concentration and pCO2 thresholds for calcification and dissolution on the Molokai reef flat, Hawaii. Biogeosciences 3:357-369. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Calcium Carbonate Deposition; CO2; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
[No author name available]. 2005. Integrated ocean drilling program expedition 307 preliminary report: Modern carbonate mounds: Porcupine drilling. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program 307:Jan-58. 2005 Global Model Calcium Carbonate Deposition; CO2; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Alvarado, J. J., J. Cortes, C. Fernandez, and J. Nivia. 2005. Coral communities and reefs of Ballena Marine National Park, Pacific coast of Costa Rica [Comunidades y arrecifes coralinos del Parque Nacional Marino Ballena, costa del Pacifico de Costa Rica]. Ciencias Marinas 31:641-651. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Costa Rica Field Study & Monitoring Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Ammar, M. S. A. 2005. An alarming threat to the red organ pipe coral Tubipora musica and suggested solutions. Ecological Research 20:529-535. 2005 Egypt; Japan Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral
Anderson, M. E. 2005. Three new species of Microbrotula (Teleostei: Ophidiiformes: Bythitidae) from the Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa 33-42. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Indian Ocean; India; South Africa Fish; Skeletal Coral
Dekker, A. G., M. Wettle, and V. E. Brando. 2005. Coral reef habitat mapping using MERIS: Can MERIS detect coral bleaching? European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP 375-382. 2005 Global Model; GIS & Maps Complex Habitat & Resources; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Depczynski, M. and D. R. Bellwood. 2005. Wave energy and spatial variability in community structure of small cryptic coral reef fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 303:283-293. 2005 Australia Fish; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral
Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff. 2005. Reef fish community structure in Bocas del Toro (Caribbean, Panama): Gradients in habitat complexity and exposure. Caribbean Journal of Science 41:613-637. 2005 South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate
Finkl, C. W., L. Benedet, and J. L. Andrews. 2005. Interpretation of seabed geomorphology based on spatial analysis of high-density airborne laser bathymetry. Journal of Coastal Research 21:501-514. 2005 Florida Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Finkl, C. W., L. Benedet, and J. L. Andrews. 2005. Submarine geomorphology of the continental shelf off southeast Florida based on interpretation of airborne laser bathymetry. Journal of Coastal Research 21:1178-1190. 2005 Florida GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Fox, H. E., P. J. Mous, J. S. Pet, A. H. Muljadi, and R. L. Caldwell. 2005. Experimental assessment of coral reef rehabilitation following blast fishing. Conservation Biology 19:98-107. 2005 Southeast Asia; Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Hermoso, M. and F. Alvarez. 2005. Synalpheus lani, a new species from the Mexican Pacific (Crustacea: Caridea: Alpheidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 118:522-527. 2005 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Mexico Skeletal Coral
Herrera-Escalante, T., R. A. Lopez-Perez, and G. E. Leyte-Morales. 2005. Bioerosion caused by the sea urchin Diadema Mexicanum (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) at Bahias de Huatulco, Western Mexico. Revista de biología tropical 263-273. 2005 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Mexico Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Echinoderms; Fishing Sector; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral
Holmes, B. 2005. What livelihood is left for those who return? New Scientist 185:15. 2005 Indonesia Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Johnson, M. E. and B. G. Baarli. 2005. Erosion and burial of granite rocky shores in the recent and late pleistocene of the Seychelles Islands: Physical and biological perspectives. Journal of Coastal Research 21:867-879. 2005 Seychelles Review Algae; Beaches & Nature Parks; Skeletal Coral
Juncker, M., L. Wantiez, D. Lecchini, and R. Galzin. 2005. Effects of habitat on the behaviour and mortality of juveniles of Chromis viridis (Pomacentridae) [Effets de l'habitat sur le comportement et la mortalite des juveniles de Chromis viridis (Pomacentridae)]. Cybium 29:12-Mar. 2005 Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Khalaf, M. and M. P. Crosby. 2005. Assemblage structure of butterflyfishes and their use as indicators of Gulf of Aqaba benthic habitat in Jordan. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 15. 2005 Saudi Arabia Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Corallivorous Fish; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Octocoral; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Lee, L. Y. 2005. Ecology of scleractinian corals in the waters of Port Dickson and theor tolerance to sedimentation. Masters Thesis. Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
LeGore, R. S., M. P. Hardin, and D. Ter-Ghazaryan. 2005. Organization and operation of the marine ornamental fish and invertebrate export fishery in Puerto Rico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53:145-153. 2005 South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Caribbean Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Echinoderms; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Worms; Seagrasses; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch
Longenecker, K. and R. Langston. 2005. Life history of the Hawaiian blackhead triplefin, Enneapterygius atriceps (Blennioidei, Tripterygiidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 73:243-251. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii Index or Indicator Fish; Skeletal Coral
Lopez-Victoria, M. and S. Zea. 2005. Current trends of space occupation by encrusting excavating sponges on Colombian coral reefs. Marine Ecology 26:33-41. 2005 South & Central America; Caribbean Boring Sponges; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes
McNair, D. B. and A. Mackay. 2005. Population estimates and management of Ameiva polops (Cope) at Ruth Island, United States Virgin Islands. Caribbean Journal of Science 41:352-357. 2005 US Virgin Islands Skeletal Coral
Monbiot, G. 2005. Climate change: A crisis of collective denial? Environmental Law and Management 17:57-61. 2005 Global Apex Fish Predators; Climate; CO2; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Plankton; Skeletal Coral
Montaggioni, L. F. 2005. History of Indo-Pacific coral reef systems since the last glaciation: Development patterns and controlling factors. Earth-Science Reviews 71:Jan-75. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India; Pacific Ocean Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; CO2; Coralline Algae; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Nutrients; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Moyer, R. P., B. Riegl, K. Banks, and R. E. Dodge. 2005. Assessing the accuracy of acoustic seabed classification for mapping coral reef environments in South Florida (Broward County, USA). Revista de Biologia Tropical 53:175-184. 2005 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Skeletal Coral
Nemeth, R. S. 2005. Linking larval history to juvenile demography in the bicolor damselfish Stegastes partitus (Perciformes: Pomacentridae). Revista de Biologia Tropical 53:155-163. 2005 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Fish; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Osorno, A., M. Peyrot-Clausade, and P. A. Hutchings. 2005. Patterns and rates of erosion in dead Porites across the Great Barrier Reef (Australia) after 2 years and 4 years of exposure. Coral Reefs 24:292-303. 2005 Australia Algae; Boring Sponges; Coralline Algae; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Substrate
Perry, C. T. 2005. Structure and development of detrital reef deposits in turbid nearshore environments, Inhaca Island, Mozambique. Marine Geology 214:143-161. 2005 Mozambique Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Purkis, S. J. 2005. A \reef-up\" approach to classifying coral habitats from IKONOS imagery". IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 43:1375-1390. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Ribes, M., R. Coma, M. J. Atkinson, and R. A. Kinzie III. 2005. Sponges and ascidians control removal of particulate organic nitrogen from coral reef water. Limnology and Oceanography 50:1480-1489. 2005 Microorganisms; Nutrients; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Roberts, J. M., C. J. Brown, D. Long, and C. R. Bates. 2005. Acoustic mapping using a multibeam echosounder reveals cold-water coral reefs and surrounding habitats. Coral Reefs 24:654-669. 2005 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Roberts, M. and S. Gass. 2005. Looking for Lophelia. Planet Earth 26-27. 2005 Lab Study Anemones & Zooanthids; Internet & Telecommunications; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Schuhmacher, H., K. Loch, W. Loch, and W. R. See. 2005. The aftermath of coral bleaching on a Maldivian reef - A quantitative study. Facies 51:80-92. 2005 Oman Field Study & Monitoring Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Schwartz, M. L. and J. L. Norenburg. 2005. Three new species of Micrura (Nemertea: Heteronemertea) and a new type of heteronemertean larva from the Caribbean Sea. Caribbean Journal of Science 41:528-543. 2005 South & Central America; Belize; Panama; Iran; Caribbean Skeletal Coral
Sheppard, C., D. J. Dixon, M. Gourlay, A. Sheppard, and R. Payet. 2005. Coral mortality increases wave energy reaching shores protected by reef flats: Examples from the Seychelles. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 64:223-234. 2005 Seychelles Model Beaches & Nature Parks; Seagrasses; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Stobart, B., K. Teleki, R. Buckley, N. Downing, and M. Callow. 2005. Coral recovery at Aldabra Atoll, Seychelles: Five years after the 1998 bleaching event. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 363:251-255. 2005 Australia; Seychelles Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Coralline Algae; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Sumpton, W. and S. Jackson. 2005. The effects of incidental trawl capture of juvenile snapper (Pagrus auratus) on yield of a sub-tropical line fishery in Australia: An assessment examining habitat preference and early life history characteristics. Fisheries Research 71:335-347. 2005 Australia Model Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Piscivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Torres, E. and A. C. Cohen. 2005. Vargula morini, a new species of bioluminescent ostracode (Myodocopida: Cypridinidae) from Belize and an associated copepod (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Nicothoidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology 25:24-Nov. 2005 South & Central America; Belize Skeletal Coral
Tribollet, A. and S. Golubic. 2005. Cross-shelf differences in the pattern and pace of bioerosion of experimental carbonate substrates exposed for 3 years on the northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Coral Reefs 24:422-434. 2005 Australia Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2005. Indonesia: preliminary damage and loss assessment, December 26, 2004 Natural Disaster. Technical Report. Consultative Group on Indonesia. 2005 Global; Indian Ocean; India; Indonesia Agriculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Fishing Sector; Housing; Infrastructure; Military; Mitigation; Skeletal Coral
Adams, A. J. and J. P. Ebersole. 2004. Processes influencing recruitment inferred from distributions of coral reef fishes. Bulletin of Marine Science 75:153-174. 2004 US Virgin Islands Fish; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Asoh, K., T. Yoshikawa, R. Kosaki, and E. A. Marschall. 2004. Damage to cauliflower coral by monofilament fishing lines in Hawaii. Conservation Biology 18:1645-1650. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Physical Damage; Recreational Fishing; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Blanchon, P. and C. T. Perry. 2004. Taphonomic differentiation of Acropora palmata facies in cores from Campeche Bank Reefs, Gulf of Mexico. Sedimentology 51:53-76. 2004 South & Central America; Mexico Algae; Coralline Algae; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Boggemann, M. and W. Westheide. 2004. Interstitial Syllidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Mahe (Seychelles). Journal of Natural History 38:403-446. 2004 Seychelles Field Study & Monitoring Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral
Bries, J. M., A. O. Debrot, and D. L. Meyer. 2004. Damage to the leeward reefs of Curacao and Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles from a rare storm event: Hurricane Lenny, November 1999. Coral Reefs 23:297-307. 2004 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Index or Indicator Pathogens; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Burke, C. D., T. M. McHenry, W. D. Bischoff, E. S. Huttig, W. Yang, and L. Thorndyke. 2004. Coral mortality, recovery and reef degradation at Mexico Rocks Patch Reef Complex, Northern Belize, Central America: 1995-1997. Hydrobiologia 481-487. 2004 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean; Mexico GIS & Maps Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Skeletal Coral
Chapman, B. and J. R. Turner. 2004. Development of a geographical information system for the marine resources of Rodrigues. Journal of Natural History 38:2937-2957. 2004 Indian Ocean; India Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Octopus & Squid; Skeletal Coral
DeDiego-Forbis, T., R. Douglas, D. Gorsline, E. Nava-Sanchez, L. Mack, and J. Banner. 2004. Late Pleistocene (Last Interglacial) terrace deposits, Bahia Coyote, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Quaternary International 120:29-40. 2004 Global; South & Central America; Mexico Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Molluscs; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
DeMartini, E. E. 2004. Habitat and endemism of recruits to shallow reef fish populations: Selection criteria for no-take MPAs in the NWHI coral reef ecosystem reserve. Bulletin of Marine Science 74:185-205. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Depczynski, M. and D. R. Bellwood. 2004. Microhabitat utilisation patterns in cryptobenthic coral reef fish communities. Marine Biology 145:455-463. 2004 Australia Fish; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral
Fox, H. E. 2004. Coral recruitment in blasted and unblasted sites in Indonesia: Assessing rehabilitation potential. Marine Ecology Progress Series 269:131-139. 2004 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Fujita, K. 2004. A field colonization experiment on small-scale distributions of algal symbiont-bearing larger foraminifera on reef rubble. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 34:169-179. 2004 Japan Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Garza-Perez, J. R., A. Lehmann, and J. E. Arias-Gonzalez. 2004. Spatial prediction of coral reef habitats: Integrating ecology with spatial modeling and remote sensing. Marine Ecology Progress Series 269:141-152. 2004 South & Central America; Caribbean Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Octocoral; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Gischler, E. and J. H. Hudson. 2004. Holocene development of the Belize Barrier Reef. Sedimentary Geology 164:223-236. 2004 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Belize Skeletal Coral
Glazer, R. A. and J. A. Kidney. 2004. Habitat associations of adult queen conch (Strombus gigas L.) in an unfished florida keys back reef: Applications to essential fish habitat. Bulletin of Marine Science 75:205-224. 2004 Florida Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch
Grossman, E. E. and C. H. Fletcher III. 2004. Holocene reef development where wave energy reduces accomodation space, Kailua Bay, Windward Oahu, Hawaii, U.S.A. Journal of Sedimentary Research 74:49-63. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Hamasaki, K., H. Takeuchi, S. Shiozawa, and K. Teruya. 2004. Effects of acclimation to the natural environment before release on retention rate, feeding condition and predation of hatchery-reared juveniles of the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus released on a coral reef. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi (Japanese Edition) 70:22-30+97. 2004 Index or Indicator Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Klosowska, B. B., S. R. Troelstra, J. E. Van Hinte, D. Beets, K. Van Der Borg, and A. F. M. De Jong. 2004. Late holocene environmental reconstruction of St. Michiel saline lagoon, Curacao (Dutch Antilles). Radiocarbon 46:765-774. 2004 Antilles; Europe Agriculture; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Deforestation & Devegetation; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Mateo, I. and W. J. Tobias. 2004. Survey of nearshore fish communities on tropical backreef lagoons on the southeastern coast of St. Croix. Caribbean Journal of Science 40:327-342. 2004 US Virgin Islands Complex Habitat & Resources; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Mumby, P. J., J. D. Hedley, J. R. M. Chisholm, C. D. Clark, H. Ripley, and J. Jaubert. 2004. The cover of living and dead corals from airborne remote sensing. Coral Reefs 23:171-183. 2004 Field Study & Monitoring; Remote Sensing Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Nott, J. 2004. Palaeotempestology: The study of prehistoric tropical cyclones - A review and implications for hazard assessment. Environment International 30:433-447. 2004 Australia Review Beaches & Nature Parks; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Pereira, M. A. M. and P. M. B. Goncalves. 2004. Effects of the 2000 southern Mozambique floods on a marginal coral community: The case at Xai-Xai. African Journal of Aquatic Science 29:113-116. 2004 Mozambique Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Coralline Algae; Discharges; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertebrates; Octocoral; Salinity; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Turf Algae
Pichler, T. and J. Veizer. 2004. The precipitation of aragonite from shallow-water hydrothermal fluids in a coral reef, Tutum Bay, Ambitle Island, Papua New Guinea. Chemical Geology 207:31-45. 2004 Papua New Guinea Model Calcium Carbonate Deposition; CO2; Discharges; Skeletal Coral
Racki, G. and M. Sobstel. 2004. Very large stromatoporoid indicating Early Frasnian reef core (Holy Cross Mts., Poland). Geological Quarterly 48:83-88. 2004 Poland Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Sano, M. 2004. Short-term effects of a mass coral bleaching event on a reef fish assemblage at Iriomote Island, Japan. Fisheries Science 70:41-46. 2004 Japan Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Shinya, K., T. Nagayoshi, D. Kang, and M. Hayao. 2004. Extraction of coral bleaching by using high resolution satellite imagery. Pages 6417-6422 in Conference Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. 2004 Japan Skeletal Coral
Sumida, P. Y. G., M. Y. Yoshinaga, L.A.S.-P. Madureira, and M. Hovland. 2004. Seabed pockmarks associated with deepwater corals off SE Brazilian continental slope, Santos Basin. Marine Geology 207:159-167. 2004 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean GIS & Maps Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Svavarsson, J. and K. Jorundsdottir. 2004. A new gnathiid species (Crustacea, Isopoda, Cymothoida) from Rodrigues, Mauritius, Indian Ocean. Journal of Natural History 38:3103-3111. 2004 Indian Ocean; Mauritius; India Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Thompson, A. R. 2004. Habitat and mutualism affect the distribution and abundance of a shrimp-associated goby. Marine and Freshwater Research 55:105-113. 2004 Model Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Wapnick, C. M., W. F. Precht, and R. B. Aronson. 2004. Millennial-scale dynamics of staghorn coral in Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Ecology Letters 7:354-361. 2004 South & Central America; Jamaica; Caribbean Algae; Finfish Harvest; Pathogens; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Yap, H. T. 2004. Differential survival of coral transplants on various substrates under elevated water temperatures. Marine Pollution Bulletin 49:306-312. 2004 Field Study & Monitoring Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate; Zooxanthellae
Yoshikawa, T. and K. Asoh. 2004. Entanglement of monofilament fishing lines and coral death. Biological Conservation 117:557-560. 2004 US Pacific & Hawaii Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Yu, K.-F., J.-X. Zhao, K. D. Collerson, Q. Shi, T.-G. Chen, P.-X. Wang, and T.-S. Liu. 2004. Storm cycles in the last millennium recorded in Yongshu Reef, southern South China Sea. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 210:89-100. 2004 China Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Arango, C. P. 2003. Sea spiders (Pycnogonida, Arthropoda) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia: New species, new records and ecological annotations. Journal of Natural History 37:2723-2772. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Arthropods; Complex Habitat & Resources; Skeletal Coral
Bianchi, C. N., M. Pichon, C. Morri, P. Colantoni, F. Benzoni, G. Baldelli, and M. Sandrini. 2003. Monitoring coral bleaching in the Maldives: Lessons to be learned and new hypotheses [Le suivi du blanchissement des coraux aux Maldives: Lecons à tirer et nouvelles hypotheses]. Oceanis 29:325-354. 2003 Maldives Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Hydrocoral; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
De Paula, A. F., M. A. D. O. Figueiredo, and J. C. Creed. 2003. Structure of the macroalgal community associated with the seagrass Halodule wrightii Ascherson in the Abrolhos Marine National Park, Brazil. Botanica Marina 46:413-424. 2003 Cuba Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Marine Protected Areas; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
De Sloover, J. R. 2003. Terrestrial vegetation patterns and plant communities on Pacific coral cays. Scripta Botanica Belgica 24:155-167. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring; Model Mangroves; Marine Birds; Skeletal Coral
Fox, H. E., J. S. Pet, R. Dahuri, and R. L. Caldwell. 2003. Recovery in rubble fields: Long-term impacts of blast fishing. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46:1024-1031. 2003 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Garpe, K. C. and M. C. Ohman. 2003. Coral and fish distribution patterns in Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania: Fish-habitat interactions. Hydrobiologia 498:191-211. 2003 Indian Ocean; Tanzania; India Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate
Jimenez, C. E. and J. Cortes. 2003. Coral cover change associated to El Nino, eastern Pacific, Costa Rica, 1992-2001. Marine Ecology 24:179-192. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii; Costa Rica Light; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Kenyon, N. H., A. M. Akhmetzhanov, A. J. Wheeler, T. C. E. Van Weering, H. De Haas, and M. K. Ivanov. 2003. Giant carbonate mud mounds in the southern Rockall Trough. Marine Geology 195:30-May. 2003 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Kutser, T., A. G. Dekker, and W. Skirving. 2003. Modeling spectral discrimination of Great Barrier Reef benthic communities by remote sensing instruments. Limnology and Oceanography 48:497-510. 2003 Australia Model; Remote Sensing Algae; Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Larkum, A. W. D., E.-M.W. Koch, and M. Kuhl. 2003. Diffusive boundary layers and photosynthesis of the epilithic algal community of coral reefs. Marine Biology 142:1073-1082. 2003 Australia CO2; Light; Primary Production; Skeletal Coral
McClanahan, T. R., E. Sala, P. A. Stickels, B. A. Cokos, A. C. Baker, C. J. Starger, and S. H. Jones IV. 2003. Interaction between nutrients and herbivory in controlling algal communities and coral condition on Glover's Reef, Belize. Marine Ecology Progress Series 261:135-147. 2003 South & Central America; Belize Model Algae; Coralline Algae; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Turf Algae
Payne, A. G., C. Smith, and A. C. Campbell. 2003. Interactions between ophiuroids and beaugregory damselfish. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 83:625-632. 2003 China Field Study & Monitoring Echinoderms; Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Pinheiro, L. M., M. K. Ivanov, A. Sautkin, G. Akhmanov, V. H. Magalhaes, A. Volkonskaya, J. H. Monteiro, L. Somoza, J. Gardner, N. Hamouni, and M. R. Cunha. 2003. Mud volcanism in the Gulf of Cadiz: Results from the TTR-10 cruise. Marine Geology 195:131-151. 2003 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Echinoderms; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Radtke, U., G. Schellmann, A. Scheffers, D. Kelletat, B. Kromer, and H. U. Kasper. 2003. Electron spin resonance and radiocarbon dating of coral deposited by Holocene tsunami events on Curacao, Bonaire and Aruba (Netherlands Antilles). Quaternary Science Reviews 22:1309-1315. 2003 Antilles Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Randall, J. E. and P. S. Lobel. 2003. Halichoeres socialis: A new labrid fish from Belize. Copeia 124-130. 2003 South & Central America; Belize Fish; Mangroves; Plankton; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Ribes, M., R. Coma, M. J. Atkinson, and R. A. Kinzie III. 2003. Particle removal by coral reef communities: Picoplankton is a major source of nitrogen. Marine Ecology Progress Series 257:13-23. 2003 Nutrients; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Robertson, R. 2003. The edible West Indian \whelk\" Cittarium pica (Gastropoda: Trochidae): Natural history with new observations". Pages 27-47 in Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 2003 Florida; Antilles; Bahamas; Bermuda; India; France Review Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch
Russell, B. D., B. M. Degnan, M. J. Garson, and G. A. Skilleter. 2003. Distribution of a nematocyst-bearing sponge in relation to potential coral donors. Coral Reefs 22:16-Nov. 2003 Australia Discharges; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
San Martin, G. and E. Lopez. 2003. A new genus of Syllidae (Polychaeta) from Western Australia. Hydrobiologia 496:191-197. 2003 Australia Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Shine, R., T. Shine, and B. Shine. 2003. Intraspecific habitat partitioning by the sea snake Emydocephalus annulatus (Serpentes, Hydrophiidae): The effects of sex, body size, and colour pattern. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 80:10-Jan. 2003 New Caledonia Model Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Shirlal, K. G., S. Rao, and S. K. M. Prasad. 2003. Stability of tandem breakwater. Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Civil Engineering Division 84:159-164. 2003 Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Trautman, D. A., R. Hinde, and M. A. Borowitzka. 2003. The role of habitat in determining the distribution of a sponge-red alga symbiosis on a coral reef. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 283:20-Jan. 2003 Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Vargas-Angel, B. 2003. Coral community structure off the Pacific coast of Colombia: Onshore vs offshore coral reefs. Atoll Research Bulletin 21-Jan. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii Complex Habitat & Resources; Discharges; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Non-point Source Runoff; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Turf Algae
Wantiez, L. and C. Chauvet. 2003. First data on community structure and trophic networks of Uvea coral reef fish assemblages (Wallis and Futuna, South Pacific Ocean). Cybium 27:83-100. 2003 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Pacific Ocean; New Caledonia Algae; Fish; Plankton; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate
Young, R. F. and H. E. Winn. 2003. Activity patterns, diet, and shelter site use for two species of moray eels, Gymnothorax moringa and Gymnothorax vicinus, in Belize. Copeia 44-55. 2003 South & Central America; Belize Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
Zubillaga, A. L., S. M. Pauls, and A. Croquer. 2003. Evaluation of the impact of recreational dive activity on the community structure of some coral reefs at Los Roques Archipelago National Park, Venezuela [Evaluacion de las actividades del buceo recreativo sobre la estructura comunitaria de algunos arreci. Revista de Biologia Tropical 51:189-195. 2003 South & Central America; Venezuela; Caribbean Index or Indicator Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Octocoral; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Adams, A. J. and J. P. Ebersole. 2002. Use of back-reef and lagoon habitats by coral reef fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 228:213-226. 2002 US Virgin Islands Complex Habitat & Resources; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Beanish, J. and B. Jones. 2002. Dynamic carbonate sedimentation in a shallow coastal lagoon: Case study of South Sound, Grand Cayman, British West Indies. Journal of Coastal Research 18:254-266. 2002 Algae; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Carlon, D. B. 2002. Production and supply of larvae as determinants of zonation in a brooding tropical coral. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 268:33-46. 2002 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Lab Study Complex Habitat & Resources; Plankton; Skeletal Coral
Chazottes, V., T. Le Campion-Alsumard, M. Peyrot-Clausade, and P. Cuet. 2002. The effects of eutrophication-related alterations to coral reef communities on agents and rates of bioerosion (Reunion Island, Indian Ocean). Coral Reefs 21:375-390. 2002 Indian Ocean; Reunion; India Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral
Chen, L.-S. 2002. Post-settlement diet shift of Chlorurus sordidus and Scarus schlegeli (Pisces: Scaridae). Zoological Studies 41:47-58. 2002 Australia Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
De Loma, T. L. and E. Ballesteros. 2002. Microspatial variability inside epilithic algal communities within territories of the damselfish Stegastes nigricans at La Reunion (Indian Ocean). Botanica Marina 45:316-323. 2002 Indian Ocean; Reunion; India Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
De Mol, B., P. Van Rensbergen, S. Pillen, K. Van Herreweghe, D. Van Rooij, A. McDonnell, V. Huvenne, M. Ivanov, R. Swennen, and J. P. Henriet. 2002. Large deep-water coral banks in the Porcupine Basin, southwest of Ireland. Marine Geology 188:193-231. 2002 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Europe Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Diaz-Pulido, G. and L. J. McCook. 2002. The fate of bleached corals: Patterns and dynamics of algal recruitment. Marine Ecology Progress Series 232:115-128. 2002 Australia Algae; Cyanobacteria; Fleshy Macroalgae; Microorganisms; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Frias-Lopez, J., A. L. Zerkle, G. T. Bonhey, and B. W. Fouke. 2002. Partitioning of Bacterial Communitieis between Seawater and Healthy, Black Band Disasedd, and Dead Coral Surfaces. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68:2214-2228. 2002 Microorganisms; Skeletal Coral
Frias-Lopez, J., A. L. Zerkle, G. T. Bonheyo, and B. W. Fouke. 2002. Partitioning of bacterial communities between seawater and healthy, black band diseased, and dead coral surfaces. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68:2214-2228. 2002 South & Central America; Antilles; Caribbean Microorganisms; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Fulton, C. J. and D. R. Bellwood. 2002. Patterns of foraging in labrid fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 226:135-142. 2002 Australia Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
Harriott, V. J. and S. A. Banks. 2002. Latitudinal variation in coral communities in eastern Australia: A qualitative biophysical model of factors regulating coral reefs. Coral Reefs 21:83-94. 2002 Australia Model Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Coralline Algae; Light; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Hedley, J. D. and P. J. Mumby. 2002. Biological and remote sensing perspectives of pigmentation in coral reef organisms. Advances in Marine Biology 43:279-317. 2002 Global Review; Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Algae; Climate; Collaboration & Partnering; Skeletal Coral; Zooxanthellae
Hoffmann, T. C. 2002. Coral reef health and effects of socio-economic factors in Fiji and Cook Islands. Marine Pollution Bulletin 44:1281-1293. 2002 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Fiji; Cook Islands Pathogens; Skeletal Coral
Hutchings, P. A. and M. Peyrot-Clausade. 2002. The distribution and abundance of boring species of polychaetes and sipunculans in coral substrates in French Polynesia. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 269:101-121. 2002 Algae; Marine Worms; Nutrients; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Kennedy, D. M. and C. D. Woodroffe. 2002. Fringing reef growth and morphology: A review. Earth-Science Reviews 57:255-277. 2002 Review; Model Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Kutser, T., A. Dekker, and W. Skirving. 2002. Detecting coral reef substrate types by airborne and space borne hyperspectral sensors. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 4544:93-102. 2002 Australia Model; Remote Sensing Algae; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Lewis, J. B. 2002. Evidence from aerial photography of structural loss of coral reefs at Barbados, West Indies. Coral Reefs 21:49-56. 2002 GIS & Maps Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Muhando, C. A., B. L. Kuguru, G. M. Wagner, N. E. Mbije, and M. C. Ohman. 2002. Environmental effects on the distribution of corallimorpharians in Tanzania. Ambio 31:558-561. 2002 Tanzania Finfish Harvest; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Pari, N., M. Peyrot-Clausade, and P. A. Hutchings. 2002. Bioerosion of experimental substrates on high islands and atoll lagoons (French Polynesia) during 5 years of exposure. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 276:109-127. 2002 Boring Sponges; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Rasser, M. W. and B. Riegl. 2002. Holocene coral reef rubble and its binding agents. Coral Reefs 21:57-72. 2002 Review Algae; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coralline Algae; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes
Reed, J. K. 2002. Deep-water Oculina coral reefs of Florida: Biology, impacts, and management. Hydrobiologia 471:43-55. 2002 Florida Review Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Defense; Commercial Fisheries; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Skeletal Coral; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Rutzler, K. 2002. Impact of crustose clionid sponges on Caribbean reef corals. Acta Geologica Hispanica 37:61-72. 2002 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bermuda; Belize; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Boring Sponges; Cyanobacteria; Encrusting Sponges; Fish; Microorganisms; Physical Damage; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Substrate
Sandstrom, O. and S. Kershaw. 2002. Ludlow (Silurian) stromatoporoid biostromes from Gotland, Sweden: Facies, depositional models and modern analogues. Sedimentology 49:379-395. 2002 South & Central America; Belize Model Algae; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Saraswati, P. K. 2002. Growth and habitat of some recent miliolid foraminifera: Palaeoecological implications. Current Science 82:81-84. 2002 Japan Algae; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Sheppard, C. R. C., M. Spalding, C. Bradshaw, and S. Wilson. 2002. Erosion vs. recovery of coral reefs after 1998 El Nino: Chagos reefs, Indian Ocean. Ambio 31:40-48. 2002 Indian Ocean; India Fish; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Vera, B. and E. Foldats. 2002. New phycological records for Turiamo Bay, Henri Pittier National Park, Aragua, Venezuela [Nuevos registros ficologicos para la Bahia de Turiamo, Parque Nacional Henri Pittier, Estado Aragua, Venezuela]. Acta Cientifica Venezolana 53:165-170. 2002 Venezuela Algae; Skeletal Coral
Yamano, H., M. Tamura, Y. Kunii, and M. Hidaka. 2002. Hyperspectral remote sensing and radiative transfer simulation as a tool for monitoring coral reef health. Marine Technology Society Journal 36:13-Apr. 2002 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Skeletal Coral
Andrefouet, S., F. E. Muller-Karger, E. J. Hochberg, C. Hu, and K. L. Carder. 2001. Change detection in shallow coral reef environments using Landsat 7 ETM+ data. Remote Sensing of Environment 78:150-162. 2001 Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii GIS & Maps Algae; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Arceo, H. O., M. C. Quibilan, P. M. Alino, G. Lim, and W. Y. Licuanan. 2001. Coral bleaching in Philippine reefs: Coincident evidences with mesoscale thermal anomalies. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:579-593. 2001 Philippines Sea Temperatures; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral
Barnes, D. K. A. 2001. The contribution of secondary space to benthic taxon richness of a coral reef: Colonisation of Dendrostrea frons (Mollusca). Marine Ecology 22:189-200. 2001 Mozambique Molluscs; Skeletal Coral
Bowden-Kerby, A. 2001. Low-tech coral reef restoration methods modeled after natural fragmentation processes. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:915-931. 2001 Model Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Bythell, J. C., P. Pan, and J. Lee. 2001. Three-dimensional morphometric measurements of reef coral using underwater photogrammetry techniques. Coral Reefs 20:193-199. 2001 Skeletal Coral
Capa, M., G. San Martin, and E. Lopez. 2001. Autolytinae, Eusyllinae y Exogoninae (Syllidae: Polychaeta) del Parque Nacional de Coiba, Panama. Revista de Biologia Tropical 49:621-628. 2001 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Cuba; Panama Algae; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Capa, M., G. San Martin, and E. Lopez. 2001. Syllinae (Syllidae: Polychaeta) del Parque Nacional de Coiba, Panama. Revista de Biologia Tropical 49:103-115. 2001 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Cuba; Panama Algae; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Carreiro-Silva, M. and T. R. McClanahan. 2001. Echinoid bioerosion and herbivory on Kenyan coral reefs: The role of protection from fishing. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 262:133-153. 2001 Kenya Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Finfish Harvest; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral
Carriquiry, J. D., A. L. Cupul-Magana, F. Rodriguez-Zaragoza, and P. Medina-Rosas. 2001. Coral bleaching and mortality in the Mexican Pacific during the 1997-98 El Nino and prediction from a remote sensing approach. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:237-249. 2001 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring; Remote Sensing Algae; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fleshy Macroalgae; Salinity; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Eagle, J. V., G. P. Jones, and M. I. McCormick. 2001. A multi-scale study of the relationships between habitat use and the distribution and abundance patterns of three coral reef angelfishes (Pomacanthidae). Marine Ecology Progress Series 214:253-265. 2001 Australia Algae; Invertivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Gardella, D. J. and P. J. Edmunds. 2001. The effect of flow and morphology on boundary layers in the scleractinians Dichocoenia stokesii (Milne-Edwards and Haime) and Stephanocoenia michilini (Milne-Edwards and Haime). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 256:279-289. 2001 Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Jimenez, C. and J. Cortes. 2001. Effects of the 1991-92 El Nino on scleractinian corals of the Costa Rican central Pacific coast. Revista de Biologia Tropical 49:239-250. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii; Costa Rica Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Keim, L. and W. Schlager. 2001. Quantitative compositional analysis of a Triassic carbonate platform (Southern Alps. Italy). Sedimentary Geology 139:261-283. 2001 Field Study & Monitoring Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Kutser, T., W. Skirving, J. Parslow, L. Clementson, T. Done, M. Wakeford, and I. Miller. 2001. Spectral discrimination of coral reef bottom types. Pages 2872-2874 in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). 2001 Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Leys, S. P. and B. M. Degnan. 2001. Cytological basis of photoresponsive behavior in a sponge larva. Biological Bulletin 201:323-338. 2001 Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Tunicates
Lindahl, U., M. C. Ohman, and C. K. Schelten. 2001. The 1997/1998 mass mortality of corals: Effects on fish communities on a Tanzanian coral reef. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42:127-131. 2001 Tanzania Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Skeletal Coral
Macintyre, I. G., P. W. Glynn, and R. S. Steneck. 2001. A classic Caribbean algal ridge, Holandas Cays, Panama: An algal coated storm deposit. Coral Reefs 20:95-105. 2001 South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean Algae; Coralline Algae; Hydrocoral; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Mateo, I. and W. J. Tobias. 2001. Distribution of shallow water coral reef fishes on the Northeast coast of St. Croix, USVI. Caribbean Journal of Science 37:210-226. 2001 US Virgin Islands; Tonga Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Miller, M. F. and H. A. Curran. 2001. Behavioral plasticity of modern and cenozoic burrowing thalassinidean shrimp. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 166:219-236. 2001 Bahamas Index or Indicator Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Miller, M. W. and J. Barimo. 2001. Assessment of juvenile coral populations at two reef restoration sites in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary: Indicators of success? Bulletin of Marine Science 69:395-405. 2001 Florida Index or Indicator Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Complex Habitat & Resources; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Perry, C. T. 2001. Storm-induced coral rubble deposition: Pleistocene records of natural reef disturbance and community response. Coral Reefs 20:171-183. 2001 Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Raymundo, L. J. 2001. Mediation of growth by conspecific neighbors and the effect of site in transplanted fragments of the coral Porites attenuata Nemenzo in the Central Philippines. Coral Reefs 20:263-272. 2001 Philippines Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Richter, C., M. Wunsch, M. Rasheed, I. Kotter, and M. I. Badran. 2001. Endoscopic exploration of Red Sea coral reefs reveals dense populations of cavity-dwelling sponges. Nature 413:726-730. 2001 Complex Habitat & Resources; Nutrients; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Riegl, B. 2001. Degradation of reef structure, coral and fish communities in the Red Sea by ship groundings and dynamite fisheries. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:595-611. 2001 Egypt Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Riegl, B. 2001. Inhibition of reef framework by frequent disturbance: Examples from the Arabian Gulf, South Africa, and the Cayman Islands. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 175:79-101. 2001 South & Central America; Indian Ocean; Cayman Islands; India; Caribbean; South Africa Model Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Risk, M. J., J. M. Heikoop, E. N. Edinger, and M. V. Erdmann. 2001. The assessment 'toolbox': Community-based reef evaluation methods coupled with geochemical techniques to identify sources of stress. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:443-458. 2001 Indonesia Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Discharges; Fish; Nutrients; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Ryan, J. C. 2001. Indonesia's Coral Reefs On the line. World Watch 14:19-Dec. 2001 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Climate; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Pathogens; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Sano, M. 2001. Short-term responses of fishes to macroalgal overgrowth on coral rubble on a degraded reef at Iriomote Island, Japan. Bulletin of Marine Science 68:543-556. 2001 Japan Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Seastars; Skeletal Coral
Siladharma, I. and M. G. Satish. 2001. Stability of low crested rubble mound breakwaters under wave attack. Pages 235-242 in Environmental Studies. 2001 Model Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Soriano, M., S. Marcos, C. Saloma, M. Quibilan, and P. Alino. 2001. Image classification of coral reef components from underwater color video. Pages 1008-1013 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2001 Algae; Skeletal Coral
Tarrant, A. M., M. J. Atkinson, and S. Atkinson. 2001. Uptake of estrone from the water column by a coral community. Marine Biology 139:321-325. 2001 Cuba Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Tratalos, J. A. and T. J. Austin. 2001. Impacts of recreational SCUBA diving on coral communities of the Caribbean island of Grand Cayman. Biological Conservation 102:67-75. 2001 South & Central America; Cayman Islands; Cuba; Caribbean Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Recreational Opportunities; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Tribollet, A. and C. Payri. 2001. Bioerosion of the coralline alga Hydrolithon onkodes by microborers in the coral reefs of Moorea, French Polynesia. Oceanologica Acta 24:329-342. 2001 Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Coralline Algae; Cyanobacteria; Echinoderms; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Skeletal Coral
Wenner, E. L. and C. A. Barans. 2001. Benthic habitats and associated fauna of the upper- and middle-continental slope near the Charleston Bump. Pages 161-176 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2001 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Wulff, J. 2001. Assessing and monitoring coral reef sponges: Why and how? Bulletin of Marine Science 69:831-846. 2001 Field Study & Monitoring Nutrients; Plankton; Primary Production; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Zuschin, M., J. Hohenegger, and F. F. Steininger. 2001. Molluscan assemblages on coral reefs and associated hard substrata in the northern red sea. Coral Reefs 20:107-116. 2001 Bivalves; Hydrocoral; Molluscs; Nutrients; Physical Damage; Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral; Substrate
Aerts, L. A. M. 2000. Dynamics behind standoff interactions in three reef sponge species and the coral Montastraea cavernosa. Marine Ecology 21:191-204. 2000 Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Bastida-Zavala, J. R., A. U. Beltran-Torres, M. A. Gutierrez-Aguirre, and G. De La Fuente-Betancourt. 2000. Evaluacion rapida de los arrecifes parche de Majagual, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 48:137-143. 2000 South & Central America; Mexico Algae; Coralline Algae; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Ben-Eliahu, M. N. and H. A. Ten Hove. 2000. Preliminary report on some Serpulidae (Annelida: Polyehaeta) from Elat. Israel Journal of Zoology 46:158. 2000 Review Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Chapman, M. R. and D. L. Kramer. 2000. Movements of fishes within and among fringing coral reefs in Barbados. Environmental Biology of Fishes 57:24-Nov. 2000 Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Protected Areas; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Cheroske, A. G., S. L. Williams, and R. C. Carpenter. 2000. Effects of physical and biological disturbances on algal turfs in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 248:Jan-34. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Cyanobacteria; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Microorganisms; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Clark, C. D., P. J. Mumby, J. R. M. Chisholm, J. Jaubert, and S. Andrefouet. 2000. Spectral discrimination of coral mortality states following a severe bleaching event. International Journal of Remote Sensing 21:2321-2327. 2000 Field Study & Monitoring; Remote Sensing Algae; Skeletal Coral
Clark, E., M. J. Stoll, T. K. Alburn, and R. Petzold. 2000. Mound-building and feeding behavior of the twostripe goby, Valenciennea helsdingenii, in the south Red Sea. Environmental Biology of Fishes 57:131-141. 2000 Cuba Fish; Skeletal Coral
Dickinson, W. R. 2000. Hydro-isostatic and tectonic influences on emergent Holocene paleoshorelines in the Mariana Islands, Western Pacific Ocean. Journal of Coastal Research 16:735-746. 2000 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Micronesia; Guam Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Edmunds, P.J. 2000. Recruitment of scleractinians onto the skeletons of corals killed by black band disease. Coral Reefs 19:69-74. 2000 US Virgin Islands Pathogens; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Freiwald, A. and P. B. Mortensen. 2000. The first record of the deep-water coral Stenocyathus vermiformis (Pourtales, 1868) (Scleractinia, Guyniidae) from Norwegian waters. Sarsia 85:275-276. 2000 Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Hendler, G. and D. L. Pawson. 2000. Echinoderms of the rhomboidal Cays, Belize: Biodiversity, distribution, and ecology. Atoll Research Bulletin 275-299. 2000 South & Central America; Belize Complex Habitat & Resources; Echinoderms; Mangroves; Plankton; Seagrasses; Seastars; Seawater Flow; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Hochberg, E. J. and M. J. Atkinson. 2000. Spectral discrimination of coral reef benthic communities. Coral Reefs 19:164-171. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Holmes, K. E. 2000. Effects of eutrophication on bioeroding sponge communities with the description of new West Indian sponges, Cliona spp. (Porifera: Hadromerida: Clionidae). Invertebrate Biology 119:125-138. 2000 India Boring Sponges; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Holmes, K. E., E. N. Edinger, Hariyadi, G. V. Limmon, and M. J. Risk. 2000. Bioerosion of live massive corals and branching coral rubble on Indonesian coral reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 40:606-617. 2000 Java; Indonesia Index or Indicator; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Jaap, W. C. 2000. Coral reef restoration. Ecological Engineering 15:345-364. 2000 Florida Review; Field Study & Monitoring Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fish; Fishing Sector; Pathogens; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Lehane, L. and R. J. Lewis. 2000. Ciguatera: Recent advances but the risk remains. International Journal of Food Microbiology 61:91-125. 2000 Global; South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India; Caribbean Algae; Docks & Marinas; Fish; Nutrients; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
McManus, J. W., L. A. B. Menez, K. N. Kesner-Reyes, S. G. Vergara, and S. M. C. Ablan. 2000. Coral reef fishing and coral-algal phase shifts: Implications for global reef status. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:572-578. 2000 Global Remote Sensing Algae; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral
Meyer, C. G., K. N. Holland, B. M. Wetherbee, and C. G. Lowe. 2000. Movement patterns, habitat utilization, home range size and site fidelity of whitesaddle goatfish, Parupeneus porphyreus, in a marine reserve. Environmental Biology of Fishes 59:235-242. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
Ochoa-Rivera, V., A. Granados-Barba, and V. Solis-Weiss. 2000. The polychaete cryptofauna from Cozumel Island, Mexican Caribbean. Bulletin of Marine Science 67:137-146. 2000 South & Central America; Cuba; Caribbean; Mexico Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Perry, C. T. 2000. Macroboring of Pleistocene Coral Communities, Falmouth Formation, Jamaica. Palaios 15:483-491. 2000 Jamaica Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Rocha, L. A., I. L. Rosa, and B. M. Feitoza. 2000. Sponge-dwelling fishes of Northeastern Brazil. Environmental Biology of Fishes 59:453-458. 2000 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Invertebrates; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Tube, Barrel, & Finger Sponges
Rodriguez, J. and E. Villamizar. 2000. Estructura de la comunidad de peces arrecifales de Playa Mero, Parque Nacional Morrocoy, Venezuela. Revista de Biologia Tropical 48:107-113. 2000 Venezuela Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Sponges
Sano, M. 2000. Stability of reef fish assemblages: Responses to coral recovery after catastrophic predation by Acanthaster planci. Marine Ecology Progress Series 198:121-130. 2000 Japan Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Scoffin, T. P. and C. Bradshaw. 2000. The taphonomic significance of endoliths in dead-versus live-coral skeletons. Palaios 15:248-254. 2000 Maldives; Thailand Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Syms, C. and G. P. Jones. 2000. Disturbance, habitat structure, and the dynamics of a coral-reef fish community. Ecology 81:2714-2729. 2000 Australia Model Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Trautman, D. A., R. Hinde, and M. A. Borowitzka. 2000. Population dynamics of an association between a coral reef sponge and a red macroalga. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 244:87-105. 2000 Australia Algae; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes
Villamizar, E. 2000. Estructura de una comunidad arrecifal en Falcon, Venezuela, antes y despues de una mortalidad masiva. Revista de Biologia Tropical 48:19-30. 2000 Venezuela Algae; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Acosta, C. A. 1999. Benthic dispersal of Caribbean spiny lobsters among insular habitats: Implications for the conservation of exploited marine species. Conservation Biology 13:603-612. 1999 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Bakus, G. J. and G. K. Nishiyama. 1999. Sponge distribution and coral reef community structure off Mactan Island, Cebu, Philippines. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 44:45-50. 1999 South & Central America; Philippines; Caribbean Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
C. Gonzalez-Gandara, C., N. Membrillo-Venegas, E. Nunez-Lara, and J. E. Arias-Gonzalez. 1999. The relationship between fish and reefscapes in the Alacranes Reef, Yucatan, Mexico: A preliminary trophic functioning analysis. Vie et Milieu 49:275-286. 1999 South & Central America; Mexico Algae; Fish; Octocoral; Plankton; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Carricart-Ganivet, J. P. and H. Reyes-Bonilla. 1999. New and previous records of scleractinian corals from Clipperton Atoll, Eastern Pacific. Pacific Science 53:370-375. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii Skeletal Coral
Chew III, R. T. 1999. Environmental problemson the low atolls of the marshall islands. Journal of Geoscience Education 47:143-149. 1999 Marshall Islands Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Clark, T. and B. Morton. 1999. Relative roles of bioerosion and typhoon-induced disturbance on the dynamics of a high latitude scleractinian coral community. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 79:803-820. 1999 China Climate; Molluscs; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Dickinson, W. R. 1999. Holocene sea-level record on Funafuti and potential impact of global warming on central Pacific atolls. Quaternary Research 51:124-132. 1999 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Tuvalu Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Freiwald, A. and J. B. Wilson. 1999. Taphonomy of modern deep, cold-temperate water coral reefs. Historical Biology 13:37-52. 1999 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) GIS & Maps Boring Sponges; Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Hall, D. B. 1999. The geomorphic evolution of slopes and sediment chutes on forereefs. Geomorphology 27:257-278. 1999 South & Central America; Caribbean Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Hart, A. M., J. D. Bell, I. Lane, and T. P. Foyle. 1999. Improving culture techniques for village-based farming of giant clams (Tridacnidae). Aquaculture Research 30:175-190. 1999 Solomon Islands Planktivorous Fish; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Harwood, G. M. and A. C. Kendall. 1999. Reef margin collapse, gully formation and filling within the Permian Capitan Reef: Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico, USA. Sedimentology 46:443-461. 1999 South & Central America; Mexico GIS & Maps Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Heyward, A. J. and A. P. Negri. 1999. Natural inducers for coral larval metamorphosis. Coral Reefs 18:273-279. 1999 Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Coralline Algae; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Hodgson, G. 1999. A global assessment of human effects on coral reefs. Marine Pollution Bulletin 38:345-355. 1999 Global Index or Indicator Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Hohenegger, J., E. Yordanova, Y. Nakano, and F. Tatzreiter. 1999. Habitats of larger foraminifera on the upper reef slope of Sesoko Island, Okinawa, Japan. Marine Micropaleontology 36:109-168. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan Algae; Housing; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Hughes, T. P. 1999. Off-reef transport of coral fragments at Lizard Island, Australia. Marine Geology 157:6-Jan. 1999 Australia Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Jameson, S. C., M. S. A. Ammar, E. Saadalla, H. M. Mostafa, and B. Riegl. 1999. A coral damage index and its application to diving sites in the Egyptian Red Sea. Coral Reefs 18:333-339. 1999 Global; Egypt Index or Indicator Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Physical Damage; Skeletal Coral
Kunzmann, A. 1999. Korallen, Fischer und Touristen. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 51:25-32. 1999 Global; Philippines Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Miller, I. and R. Muller. 1999. Validity and reproducibility of benthic cover estimates made during broadscale surveys of coral reefs by manta tow. Coral Reefs 18:353-356. 1999 Skeletal Coral
Nishiyama, G. K. and G. J. Bakus. 1999. Release of allelochemicals by three tropical sponges (Demospongiae) and their toxic effects on coral substrate competitors. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 44:411-417. 1999 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Hydrocoral; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Substrate
Onda, M. 1999. The distribution of large reef blocks and the effect of geomorphic development in Kudaka Island, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Geographical Review of Japan, Series A 72:746-762. 1999 Japan Field Study & Monitoring Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Otto, J. C. 1999. Four new species of Agaue (Acarina: Halacaridae) from the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 40:273-281. 1999 Australia Algae; Marine Protected Areas; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Perry, C. T. 1999. Reef framework preservation in four contrasting modern reef environments, Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Journal of Coastal Research 15:796-812. 1999 Jamaica Physical Damage; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Riegl, B. and K. E. Luke. 1999. Ecological parameters of dynamited reefs in the northern Red Sea and their relevance to reef rehabilitation. Marine Pollution Bulletin 37:488-498. 1999 Egypt Fish; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Sheppard, C. R. C. 1999. Coral decline and weather patterns over 20 years in the Chagos Archipelago, central Indian Ocean. Ambio 28:472-478. 1999 Indian Ocean; Chagos Archipelago; India Climate; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Slattery, M., G. A. Hines, J. Starmer, and V. J. Paul. 1999. Chemical signals in gametogenesis, spawning, and larval settlement and defense of the soft coral Sinularia polydactyla. Coral Reefs 18:75-84. 1999 Australia; Guam Algae; Coralline Algae; Fish; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral
Stachowicz, J. J. and M. E. Hay. 1999. Mutualism and coral persistence: The role of herbivore resistance to algal chemical defense. Ecology 80:2085-2101. 1999 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Coralline Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral
Williams Jr., E. H., P. J. Bartels, and L. Bunkley-Williams. 1999. Predicted disappearance of coral-reef ramparts: A direct result of major ecological disturbances. Global Change Biology 5:839-845. 1999 Global; Puerto Rico; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Index or Indicator Boring Sponges; Pathogens; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Aronson, R. B. 1998. Decadal-scale persistence of predation potential in coral reef communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series 172:53-60. 1998 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Jamaica; Belize; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Barnes, D. K. A., A. Corrie, M. Whittington, M. A. Carvalho, and F. Gell. 1998. Coastal shellfish resource use in the Quirimba Archipelago, Mozambique. Journal of Shellfish Research 17:51-58. 1998 Mozambique Bivalves; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Bertling, M. and E. Insalaco. 1998. Late jurassic coral/microbial reefs from the northern Paris basin - Facies, palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 139:139-175. 1998 France Marine Worms; Nutrients; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Burke, C. D., T. M. McHenry, W. D. Bischoff, and S. J. Mazzullo. 1998. Coral diversity and mode of growth of lateral expansion patch reefs at Mexico Rocks, northern Belize shelf, Central America. Carbonates and Evaporites 13:32-42. 1998 South & Central America; Belize; Mexico Complex Habitat & Resources; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Campbell, S. J. and T. R. Burridge. 1998. Occurrence of Undaria pinnatifida (Phaeophyta: Laminariales) in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 49:379-381. 1998 Australia Lab Study Skeletal Coral
Collado-Vides, L., R. E. Dewreede, and K. L. D. Milligan. 1998. Biomechanical properties of Udotea (Halimedales, Chlorophyta) in a Mexican reef lagoon. Phycologia 37:443-449. 1998 Lab Study Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
DeVantier, L. M., G. De'ath, T. J. Done, and E. Turak. 1998. Ecological assessment of a complex natural system: A case study from the Great Barrier Reef. Ecological Applications 8:480-496. 1998 Australia Index or Indicator; GIS & Maps Skeletal Coral
Drees, N. C. M., D. I. Johnston, and M. G. Fowler. 1998. Lithology, biostratigraphy and geochemistry of the Upper Devonian Graminia Formation, central Alberta. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 46:148-165. 1998 Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Gateno, D., Y. Barki, and B. Rinkevich. 1998. Aquarium maintenance of reef octocorals raised from field collected larvae. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 2:227-236. 1998 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral
Greenstein, B. J., L. A. Harris, and H. A. Curran. 1998. Comparison of recent coral life and death assemblages to Pleistocene reef communities: implications for rapid faunal replacement on recent reefs. Carbonates and Evaporites 13:23-31. 1998 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Hubbard, D. K., R. B. Burke, and I. P. Gill. 1998. Where's the reef: the role of framework in the Holocene. Carbonates and Evaporites 13:9-Mar. 1998 South & Central America; Caribbean Model Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Jensen, TH OM AS, PE TE R Sloth, and VA GN ER Jacobsen. 1998. Wave dynamics and revetment design on a natural reef. Pages 1138-1151 in Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference. 1998 Indonesia Coastal Engineering; Hotel & Food Services; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Kalbfleisch, W. B. C. and B. Jones. 1998. Sedimentology of shallow, hurricane-affected lagoons: Grand Cayman, British West Indies. Journal of Coastal Research 14:140-160. 1998 Algae; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Lara, E. N. and E. A. Gonzalez. 1998. The relationship between reef fish community structure and environmental variables in the southern Mexican Caribbean. Journal of Fish Biology 53:209-221. 1998 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean; Mexico Algae; Fish; Fishing Sector; Octocoral; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Lindahl, U. 1998. Low-tech rehabilitation of degraded coral reefs throughtransplantation staghorn corals. Ambio 27:645-650. 1998 Tanzania Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Moreno-Forero, S. K., G. R. Navas S., and O. D. Solano. 1998. Cryptobiota associated to dead Acropora palmata (Scleractinia: Acroporidae) coral, Isla Grande, colombian Caribbean. Revista de Biologia Tropical 46:229-236. 1998 South & Central America; Caribbean Algae; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Nemeth, R. S. 1998. The effect of natural variation in substrate architecture on the survival of juvenile bicolor damselfish. Environmental Biology of Fishes 53:129-141. 1998 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Substrate
Nunez Lara, E. and E. Arias Gonzalez. 1998. The relationship between reef fish community structure and environmental variables in the southern Mexican Caribbean. Journal of Fish Biology 53:209-221. 1998 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean; Mexico Algae; Fish; Octocoral; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Ohman, M. C., P. L. Munday, G. P. Jones, and M. J. Caley. 1998. Settlement strategies and distribution patterns of coral-reef fishes. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 225:219-238. 1998 Australia Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Zea, S., J. Geister, J. Garzon-Ferreira, and J. M. Diaz. 1998. Biotic changes in the reef complex of San Andres Island (Southwestern Caribbean Sea, Colombia) occurring over nearly three decades. Atoll Research Bulletin 30-Jan. 1998 South & Central America; Caribbean Algae; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Beaches & Nature Parks; Boating Activities; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Octocoral; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Allen, G. R. and D. R. Robertson. 1997. An annotated checklist of the fishes of Clipperton Atoll, tropical eastern Pacific. Revista de Biologia Tropical 45:813-843. 1997 US Pacific & Hawaii Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Aronson, R. B. and W. F. Precht. 1997. Stasis, biological disturbance, and community structure of a Holocene coral reef. Paleobiology 23:326-346. 1997 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Algae; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Blanchon, P., B. Jones, and W. Kalbfleisch. 1997. Anatomy of a fringing reef around Grand Cayman: Storm rubble, not coral framework. Journal of Sedimentary Research 67:16-Jan. 1997 Algae; Coralline Algae; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Bodge Kevin, R. 1997. Structural restoration of coral reefs damaged by vessel groundings. Pages 4261-4273 in Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference. 1997 Florida Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Coastal Engineering; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Carver, R. D. and R. R. Bottin Jr. 1997. Reef breakwater design for Burns Waterway Harbor, Indiana, U.S.A. Journal of Coastal Research 13:1267-1281. 1997 India Model Coastal Engineering; Ports & Harbors; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral
Castell, L. L. 1997. Population studies of juvenile Trochus niloticus on a reef flat on the north-eastern Queensland coast, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 48:211-217. 1997 Australia Skeletal Coral
Colin, P. L., W. A. Laroche, and E. B. Brothers. 1997. Ingress and settlement in the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Pisces: Serranidae), with relationship to spawning occurrence. Bulletin of Marine Science 60:656-667. 1997 Bahamas Artificial Habitat; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch; Substrate
Cox, C., J. H. Hunt, W. G. Lyons, and G. E. Davis. 1997. Nocturnal foraging of the Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) on offshore reefs of Florida, USA. Marine and Freshwater Research 48:671-679. 1997 South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean Arthropods; Bivalves; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Faust, M. A. 1997. Three new benthic species of Prorocentrum (Dinophyceae) from Belize: P. norrisianum sp. nov., P. tropicalis sp. nov., and P. reticulatum sp. nov. Journal of Phycology 33:851-858. 1997 South & Central America; Belize Skeletal Coral
Gischler, E. 1997. Cavity dwellers (coelobites) beneath coral rubble in the Florida Reef Tract. Bulletin of Marine Science 61:467-484. 1997 Florida Index or Indicator Algae; Coralline Algae; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Greenstein, B. J. and J. M. Pandolfi. 1997. Preservation of community structure in modern reef coral life and death assemblages of the Florida Keys: Implications for the quaternary fossil record of coral reefs. Bulletin of Marine Science 61:431-452. 1997 Global; South & Central America; Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean Index or Indicator Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Lewis, J. B. 1997. Abundance, distribution and partial mortality of the massive coral Siderastrea siderea on degrading coral reefs at Barbados, West Indies. Marine Pollution Bulletin 34:622-627. 1997 Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Light, P. R. and G. P. Jones. 1997. Habitat preference in newly settled coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus, Serranidae). Coral Reefs 16:117-126. 1997 Australia Fish; Skeletal Coral
Lirman, D. and P. Fong. 1997. Patterns of damage to the branching coral Acropora palmata following Hurricane Andrew: Damage and survivorship of hurricane-generated asexual recruits. Journal of Coastal Research 13:67-72. 1997 Florida Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Montebon, A. R. F. 1997. Status of coral reefs in Negros Oriental, central Philippenes. Pages 295-300 in Proceedings of the 7th International Coral Reef Symposium. Panama. 1997 Seastars; Skeletal Coral
Morsilli, M. and A. Bosellini. 1997. Carbonate facies zonation of the upper Jurassic-lower Cretaceous Apulia platform margin (Gargano Promontory, Southern Italy). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 103:193-206. 1997 Field Study & Monitoring Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Nemtzov, S. C. 1997. Intraspecific variation in home range exclusivity by female green razorfish, Xyrichtys splendens (family Labridae), in different habitats. Environmental Biology of Fishes 50:371-381. 1997 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Rajasuriya, A., M. C. Ohman, and R. W. Johnstone. 1997. Coral and sandstone reef-habitats in north-western Sri Lanka: Patterns in the distribution of coral communities. Hydrobiologia 362:31-43. 1997 Indian Ocean; Sri Lanka; India Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Reavis, R. H. 1997. The natural history of a monogamous coral-reef fish, Valenciennea strigata (Gobiidae): 1. Abundance, growth, survival and predation. Environmental Biology of Fishes 49:239-246. 1997 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Skeletal Coral
Skewes, T. D., D. M. Dennis, C. R. Pitcher, and B. G. Long. 1997. Age structure of Panulirus ornatus in two habitats in Torres Strait, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 48:745-750. 1997 Australia Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral
Strasser, A. and C. Strohmenger. 1997. Early diagenesis in Pleistocene coral reefs, southern Sinai, Egypt: Response to tectonics, sea-level and climate. Sedimentology 44:537-558. 1997 Egypt Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Climate; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Tyler, D. M. and J. C. Tyler. 1997. A new species of chaenopsid fish, Emblemariopsis ruetzleri, from the western Caribbean off Belize (Blennioidei), with notes on its life history. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110:24-38. 1997 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Skeletal Coral
Buttner, H. 1996. Rubble mounds of sand tilefish Malacanthus plumieri (bloch, 1787) and associated fishes in Colombia. Bulletin of Marine Science 58:248-260. 1996 South & Central America; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate; Tube, Barrel, & Finger Sponges
Clarke, R. D. 1996. Population shifts in two competing fish species on a degrading coral reef. Marine Ecology Progress Series 137:51-58. 1996 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Fish; Pathogens; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
DeMartini, E. E. 1996. Sheltering and foraging substrate uses of the arc-eye hawkfish Paracirrhites arcatus (pisces: cirrhitidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 58:826-837. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate
Diaz, J. M., J. A. Sanchez, S. Zea, and J. Garzon-Ferreira. 1996. Morphology and marine habitats of two southwestern Caribbean atolls: Albuquerque and Courtown. Atoll Research Bulletin 1996 South & Central America; Caribbean Skeletal Coral
Duffy, J. E. 1996. Species boundaries, specialization, and the radiation of sponge- dwelling alpheid shrimp. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 58:307-324. 1996 South & Central America; Belize; Panama; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Edinger, E. N. and M. J. Risk. 1996. Sponge borehole size as a relative measure of bioerosion and paleoproductivity. Lethaia 29:275-286. 1996 Puerto Rico; Australia Index or Indicator Boring Sponges; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Edsall, T. A., G. W. Kennedy, and W. H. Horns. 1996. Potential spawning habitat for lake trout on Julian's Reef, Lake Michigan. Journal of Great Lakes Research 22:83-88. 1996 GIS & Maps Complex Habitat & Resources; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Finn, M. D. and M. J. Kingsford. 1996. Two-phase recruitment of Apogonids (pisces) on the great barrier reef. Marine and Freshwater Research 47:423-432. 1996 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Skeletal Coral
Gischler, E. and R. N. Ginsburg. 1996. Cavity dwellers (coelobites) under coral rubble in southern Belize barrier and atoll reefs. Bulletin of Marine Science 58:570-589. 1996 South & Central America; Belize Algae; Coralline Algae; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Glynn, P. W., J. E. N. Veron, and G. M. Wellington. 1996. Clipperton Atoll (eastern Pacific): Oceanography, geomorphology, reef-building coral ecology and biogeography. Coral Reefs 15:71-99. 1996 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Mexico Algae; Coralline Algae; Fish; Hydrocoral; Invertivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Jennings, S., D. P. Boulle, and N. V. C. Polunin. 1996. Habitat correlates of the distribution and biomass of Seychelles' reef fishes. Environmental Biology of Fishes 46:15-25. 1996 US Pacific & Hawaii; Seychelles Index or Indicator Finfish Harvest; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Keesing, J. K., W. L. Wiedermeyer, K. Okaji, A. R. Halford, K. C. Hall, and C. M. Cartwright. 1996. Mortality rates of juvenile starfish Acanthaster planci and Nardoa spp. measured on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia and in Okinawa, Japan [Taux de survie de l'asterie juvenile Acanthaster planci et Nardoa sp. mesures dans la Grande Barriere de Corail Au. Oceanologica Acta 19:441-448. 1996 Australia; Japan Field Study & Monitoring Seastars; Skeletal Coral
Larned, S. T. and J. Stimson. 1996. Nitrogen-limited growth in the coral reef chlorophyte Dictyosphaeria cavernosa, and the effect of exposure to sediment-derived nitrogen on growth. Marine Ecology Progress Series 145:95-108. 1996 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Algae; Nutrients; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
McAfee, S. T. and S. G. Morgan. 1996. Resource use by five sympatric parrotfishes in the San Blas Archipelago, Panama. Marine Biology 125:427-437. 1996 Panama Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Mcclanahan, T. R., A. T. Kamukuru, N. A. Muthiga, M. Gilagabher Yebio, and D. Obura. 1996. Effect of sea urchin reductions on algae, coral, and fish populations. Conservation Biology 10:136-154. 1996 Kenya Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Large Herbivorous Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Substrate
Miller, I. R. and G. De'ath. 1996. Effects of training on observer performance in assessing benthic cover by means of the manta tow technique. Marine and Freshwater Research 47:19-26. 1996 Australia Field Study & Monitoring Seastars; Skeletal Coral
Renaud, P. E., W. G. Ambrose Jr., S. R. Riggs, and D. A. Syster. 1996. Multi-level effects of severe storms on an offshore temperate reef system: Benthic sediments, macroalgae, and implications for fisheries. Marine Ecology 17:383-398. 1996 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Sylwester, R. E., J. L. Dasler, and T. C. Sullivan. 1996. A marine geophysical investigation to determine the cause for failure of the yaquina bay jetty, newport, oregon. Geotechnical Special Publication 62:42-55. 1996 Field Study & Monitoring Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Military; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Cabioch, G., L. F. Montaggioni, and G. Faure. 1995. Holocene initiation and development of New Caledonian fringing reefs, SW Pacific. Coral Reefs 14:131-140. 1995 US Pacific & Hawaii; New Caledonia Algae; Coralline Algae; Octocoral; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Campion-Alsumard, T. L., S. Golubic, and P. Hutching. 1995. Microbial endoliths in skeletons of live and dead corals: Porites lobata (Moorea, French Polynesia). Marine Ecology Progress Series 117:149-157. 1995 Algae; Cyanobacteria; Microorganisms; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Fookes, E. 1995. Development and eustatic control of an Upper Jurassic reef complex (Saint Germain-de-Joux, Eastern France). Facies 33:129-149. 1995 France Invasive Species; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Hughes Steven, A., C. Peak Robert, D. Carver Robert, D. Francis James, and M. Bertrand Gregg. 1995. Investigation of damage at the Yaquina Bay north jetty. Pages 227-249 in Case Histories of the Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Rubble Mound Structures. 1995 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Skeletal Coral
Iryu, Y., T. Nakamori, S. Matsuda, and O. Abe. 1995. Distribution of marine organisms and its geological significance in the modern reef complex of the Ryukyu Islands. Sedimentary Geology 99:243-258. 1995 Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Coralline Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Le Campion Alsumard, T., S. Golubic, and P. Hutchings. 1995. Microbial endoliths in skeletons of live and dead corals: Porites lobata (Moorea, French Polynesia). Marine Ecology Progress Series 117:149-158. 1995 Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Peyrot-Clausade, M. 1995. Bioerosion carbonate cycle: approach of quantification of its processes in French Polynesia [La bioerosion dans le cycle des carbonates: essais de quantification des processus en Polynesie francaise]. Bulletin - Societe Geologique de France 166:85-94. 1995 Model Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Corallivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
Wulff, J. L. 1995. Sponge-feeding by the Caribbean starfish Oreaster reticulatus. Marine Biology 123:313-325. 1995 South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean Seagrasses; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes
Cortes, J. 1994. A reef under siltation stress: a decade of degradation. Pages 240-246 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global; South & Central America; Costa Rica; Caribbean Algae; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Danner, E. M., T. C. Wilson, and R. E. Schlotterbeck. 1994. Comparison of rockfish recruitment of nearshore artificial and natural reefs off the coast of central California. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:353-343. 1994 Artificial Habitat; Fish; Skeletal Coral
Eakin, C. M., J. S. Feingold, and P. W. Glynn. 1994. Oil refinery impacts on coral reef communities in Aruba, NA. Pages 139-145 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ports & Harbors; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Skeletal Coral
Glynn, P. W. 1994. State of coral reefs in the Galapagos Islands: Natural vs anthropogenic impacts. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:131-140. 1994 Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral
Preston, N. P. and P. J. Doherty. 1994. Cross-shelf patterns in the community structure of coral-dwelling Crustacea in the central region of the Great Barrier Reef. II. Cryptofauna. Marine Ecology Progress Series 104:27-38. 1994 Australia Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Scoffin, T. P. 1994. History of a fringing reef on the west coast of Barbados 1974-1992. Pages 273-278 in Proceedings of the colloquium on global aspects of coral reefs, Miami, 1993. 1994 Global Algae; Coralline Algae; Hydrocoral; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Shou-Yeh, GO NG. 1994. Pleistocene carbonate deposition in the Kueitzechiao-Oluanpi area, Hengchun, Taiwan: a preliminary study. Journal - Geological Society of China 37:165-188. 1994 Taiwan Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Bythell, J.C., M. Bythell, and E. H. Gladfelter. 1993. Initial results of a long-term coral reef monitoring program: impact of hurricane Hugo at Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix U.S. Virgin Islands. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 172:171-183. 1993 US Virgin Islands Field Study & Monitoring Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
De Vel, O. Y. and W. Bour. 1993. Thematic and structural mapping of relatively shallow reef and lagoon type substrates by high-resolution satellite remote detection [Cartographie thematique et structurelle des substrats recifaux et lagunaires peu profonds par la teledetection satellitair. Pages 297-304 Teledetection appliquee a la cartographie thematique et topographique. Actes des journees scientifiques, Montreal, 1991. 1993 New Caledonia GIS & Maps Light; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Dworschak, P. C. and J. A. Ott. 1993. Decapod burrows in mangrove-channel and back-reef environments at the Atlantic Barrier Reef, Belize. Ichnos 2:277-290. 1993 South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Belize Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Edsall, T. A. and G. W. Kennedy. 1993. Distribution, abundance, and resting microhabitat of burbot on Julian's reef, southwestern Lake Michigan. Transactions - American Fisheries Society 122:560-574. 1993 Fish; Invertebrates; Skeletal Coral
Hallock, P. and M. W. Peebles. 1993. Foraminifera with chlorophyte endosymbionts: Habitats of six species in the Florida Keys. Marine Micropaleontology 20:277-292. 1993 Florida; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Hawkins, J. P. and C. M. Roberts. 1993. Effects of recreational scuba diving on coral reefs: trampling on reef-flat communities. Journal of Applied Ecology 30:25-30. 1993 Cuba; Egypt Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Hotel & Food Services; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Trampling
Kerr, A. M., E. M. Stoffel, and R. L. Yoon. 1993. Abundance distribution of holothuroids (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) on a windward and leeward fringing coral reef, Guam, Mariana Islands. Bulletin of Marine Science 52:780-791. 1993 Guam Echinoderms; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Kobluk, D. R. and M. A. Lysenko. 1993. Hurricane effects on shallow-water cryptic reef molluscs, Fiji Islands. Journal of Paleontology 67:798-816. 1993 Fiji Bivalves; Molluscs; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Le Campion-Alsumard, T., J.-C. Romano, M. Peyrot-Clausade, J. Le Campion, and R. Paul. 1993. Influence of some coral reef communities on the calcium carbonate budget of Tiahura reef (Moorea, French Polynesia). Marine Biology 115:685-693. 1993 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Plankton; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Long, B. G., I. R. Poiner, and A. N. M. Harris. 1993. Method of estimating the standing stock of Trochus niloticus incorporating Landsat satellite data, with application to the trochus resources of the Bourke Isles, Torres Strait, Australia. Marine Biology 115:587-593. 1993 Australia Skeletal Coral
Rogers, R. W. 1993. Plant colonization of a rubble bank on Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Atoll Research Bulletin 1993 Australia Skeletal Coral
Sedberry, G. R. and J. Carter. 1993. The fish community of a shallow tropical lagoon in Belize, Central America. Estuaries 16:198-215. 1993 South & Central America; Belize Fish; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Yoshioka, KA ZU NO RI, TA KA SH I Kawakami, TA NA KA Shigenobu, MA MO RU Koarai, and TA KA AK I Uda. 1993. Design manual for artificial reefs. Pages 93-107 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1993 Japan Model Artificial Habitat; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Baird, T. A. and T. D. Baird. 1992. Colony formation and some possible benefits and costs of gregarious living in the territorial sand tilefish, Malacanthus plumieri. Bulletin of Marine Science 50:56-65. 1992 South & Central America; Belize Fish; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Chadwick-Furman, N. and Y. Loya. 1992. Migration, habitat use, and competition among mobile corals (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) in the Gulf of Eilat, Red Sea. Marine Biology 114:617-623. 1992 Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Clarke, R. D. 1992. Effects of microhabitat and metabolic rate on food intake, growth and fecundity of two competing coral reef fishes. Coral Reefs 11:199-205. 1992 Lab Study; Model Artificial Habitat; Fish; Plankton; Skeletal Coral
Duffy, J. E. 1992. Host use patterns and demography in a guild of tropical sponge- dwelling shrimps. Marine Ecology Progress Series 90:127-138. 1992 South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Tube, Barrel, & Finger Sponges
Johnson, C. 1992. Settlement and recruitment of Acanthaster planci on the Great Barrier Reef: questions of process and scale. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43:611-627. 1992 Australia Plankton; Seastars; Skeletal Coral
Moran, P. J. and G. De'ath. 1992. Suitability of the manta tow technique for estimating relative and absolute abundances of crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci L.) and corals. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43:357-378. 1992 Cuba Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Seastars; Skeletal Coral
Norman, M. D. 1992. Ameloctopus litoralis, gen. et sp. nov. (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), a new shallow-water octopus from tropical Australian waters. Invertebrate Taxonomy 6:567-582. 1992 Australia Octopus & Squid; Skeletal Coral
Ohgaki, S. and M. Noike. 1992. Land development activity and the coral reef in Shiraho, Ishigaki Island, Okinawa. Japanese Journal of Ecology 42:20-Sep. 1992 Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Peyrot-Clausade, M., P. Hutchings, and G. Richard. 1992. Temporal variations of macroborers in massive Porites lobata on Moorea, French Polynesia. Coral Reefs 11:161-166. 1992 Bivalves; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Corallivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Sorokin, YU .I . 1992. Phosphorus metabolism in coral reef communities: exchange between the water column and bottom biotopes. Hydrobiologia 242:105-114. 1992 Australia Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Stoner, A. W. and V. J. Sandt. 1992. Population structure, seasonal movements and feeding of queen conch, Strombus gigas, in deep-water habitats of the Bahamas. Bulletin of Marine Science 51:287-300. 1992 Bahamas Skeletal Coral; Snails & Conch
Strasser, A., C. Strohmenger, E. Davaud, and A. Bach. 1992. Sequential evolution and diagenesis of Pleistocene coral reefs (South Sinai, Egypt). Sedimentary Geology 78:59-79. 1992 Egypt Climate; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Done, T. J. 1991. Cyclone disturbance on the Great Barrier Reef: overturned Porites heads amongst Acropora rubble. Coral Reefs 10:198. 1991 Australia Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Hamaguchi, TA TS UO, TA KA AK I Uda, CH IK AR A Inoue, and AK IR A Igarashi. 1991. Field experiment on wave-dissipating effect of artificial reefs on the Niigata Coast. Coastal Engineering Journal 34:50-65. 1991 Field Study & Monitoring; Model Artificial Habitat; Beaches & Nature Parks; Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Johnson, C. R., D. C. Sutton, R. R. Olson, and R. Giddins. 1991. Settlement of crown-of-thorns starfish: role of bacteria on surfaces of coralline algae and a hypothesis for deepwater recruitment. Marine Ecology Progress Series 71:143-162. 1991 Australia Algae; Coralline Algae; Microorganisms; Seastars; Skeletal Coral
Meesters, E., R. Knijn, P. Willemsen, R. Pennartz, G. Roebers, and R. W. M. van Soest. 1991. Sub-rubble communities of Curacao and Bonaire coral reefs. Coral Reefs 10:189-197. 1991 Antilles Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate; Tunicates
Moran, D. P. and M. L. Reaka-Kudla. 1991. Effects of disturbance: disruption and enhancement of coral reef cryptofaunal populations by hurricanes. Coral Reefs 9:215-224. 1991 US Virgin Islands Complex Habitat & Resources; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Roy, P. and J. Connell. 1991. Climatic change and the future of atoll states. Journal of Coastal Research 7:1057-1075. 1991 Global; Maldives; Tuvalu; Marshall Islands; Kiribati Agriculture; Climate; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Water Depth & Sea Level
Darnell, R. M. 1990. Mapping of the biological resources of the continental shelf. American Zoologist 30:15-21. 1990 South & Central America; Mexico GIS & Maps Algae; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Plankton; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
De Vel, O. Y. and W. Bour. 1990. The structural and thematic mapping of coral reefs using high resolution SPOT data: application to the Tetembia Reef (New Caledonia). Geocarto International 5:27-34. 1990 New Caledonia GIS & Maps Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Draud, M., D. E. Itzkowitz, and M. Itzkowitz. 1990. Co-defense of territory space by two species of coral reef fishes. Bulletin of Marine Science 47:721-724. 1990 Jamaica Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Matsuura, K. and T. Sunobe. 1990. First record of the filefish, Pervagor nigrolineatus, from Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 37:198-199. 1990 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan; Philippines Invertivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
Phillips, N. W., D. A. Gettleson, and K. D. Spring. 1990. Benthic biological studies of the Southwest Florida shelf. American Zoologist 30:65-75. 1990 Florida Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Rapaport, M. 1990. Population pressure on coral atolls: trends and approaching limits. Atoll Research Bulletin 1990 Model Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Sano, M. 1990. Patterns of habitat and food utilization in two coral-reef sandperches (Mugiloididae): Competitive or. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 140:209-223. 1990 Japan Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral
Sikkel, P. C. 1990. Social organization and spawning in the Atlantic sharpnose puffer, Canthigaster rostrata (Tetraodontidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 27:243-254. 1990 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Panama Skeletal Coral
Ahrens John, P. 1989. Stability of reef breakwaters. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering 115:221-234. 1989 Model Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral
Bak, R. P. M. and G. D. E. Povel. 1989. Ecological variables, including physiognomic-structural attributes, and classification of Indonesian coral reefs. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 23:95-106. 1989 Indonesia Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Coralline Algae; Seastars; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Bourdeau, P. and R. Bagnis. 1989. Risk factors of ciguatera in the French West Indies in Saint-Barthelemy, Saint-Martin and Anguilla [Facteurs de risque ciguaterique aux Antilles dans la region de Saint-Barthelemy, Saint-Martin et Anguilla.]. Revue d\elevage et de medecine veterinaire des pays tropicaux" 42:393-410. 1989 Antilles Model Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral
Campos, J. A. and C. Gamboa. 1989. An artificial tire-reef in a tropical marine system: a management tool. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:757-766. 1989 Costa Rica Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Skeletal Coral
Clarke, R. D. 1989. Population fluctuation, competition and microhabitat distribution of two species of tube blennies, Acanthemblemaria (Teleostei: Chaenopsidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 44:1174-1185. 1989 US Virgin Islands Skeletal Coral
Foster, F. J. 1989. Bucketwheel suction dredges in mining. in [No source information available]. 1989 Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Skeletal Coral
Nienhuis, P. H., J. Coosen, and W. Kiswara. 1989. Community structure and biomass distribution of seagrasses and macrofauna in the flores sea, Indonesia. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 23:197-214. 1989 Indonesia Model; Index or Indicator Mangroves; Nutrients; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Schroeder, W. W., S. R. Gittings, M. R. Dardeau, P. Fleischer, W. W. Sager, A. W. Shultz, and R. Rezak. 1989. Topographic features of the L'MAFLA continental shelf, northern Gulf of Mexico. Pages 54-58 in [No source information available]. 1989 South & Central America; Florida; Mexico Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Trendall, J. and S. Bell. 1989. Variable patterns of den habitation by the ornate rock lobster, Panulirus ornatus, in the Torres Strait. Bulletin of Marine Science 45:564-573. 1989 Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral
Wellmer, H. 1989. The underground drainage-system in the Fort of Galle (Sri Lanka). Erdkundliches Wissen 97:141-167. 1989 Sri Lanka Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Skeletal Coral
[No author name available]. 1988. Berm breakwaters: unconventional rubble-mound breakwaters. in [No source information available]. 1988 Australia; Iceland Model Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral
Ahrens John, P. 1988. Reef breakwater response to wave attack. Pages 22-40 in [No source information available]. 1988 Model Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral
Ahrens John, P. and T. Fulford Edward. 1988. Wave energy dissipation by reef breakwaters. Pages 1244-1249 in [No source information available]. 1988 Lab Study; Model Shoreline Protection; Skeletal Coral
Baird, T. A. 1988. Female and male territoriality and mating system of the sand tilefish, Malacanthus plumieri. Environmental Biology of Fishes 22:101-116. 1988 South & Central America; Belize Fish; Skeletal Coral
Grasso, M. and H. Martyn Pedley. 1988. The sedimentology and development of Terravecchia Formation carbonates (Upper Miocene) of North Central Sicily: Possible eustatic influence on facies development. Sedimentary Geology 57:131-149. 1988 Model Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Water Depth & Sea Level
Larkum, A. W. D., I. R. Kennedy, and W. J. Muller. 1988. Nitrogen fixation on a coral reef. Marine Biology 98:143-155. 1988 Australia Algae; Fish; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Substrate
Scott, P. J. B., K. A. Moser, and M. J. Risk. 1988. Bioerosion of concrete and limestone by marine organisms: A 13 year experiment from Jamaica. Marine Pollution Bulletin 19:219-222. 1988 Global; Jamaica Bivalves; Boring Sponges; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Marine Worms; Nutrients; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Guzman, H. M., J. Cortes, R. H. Richmond, and P. W. Glynn. 1987. Effects of \El Nino - Southern oscillation' 1982/83 in the coral reefs at Isla del Cano, Costa Rica [Efectos del fenomeno de \"El Nino Oscilacion Surena' 1982/83 en los arrecifes coralinos de la Isla del Cano, Costa Rica]". Revista de Biologia Tropical 35:325-332. 1987 Costa Rica Algae; Coralline Algae; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Hutchings, P. A. and B. L. Wu. 1987. Coral reefs of Hainan Island, South China Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 18:25-26. 1987 China Finfish Harvest; Non-point Source Runoff; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral
Joachimski, M. M. and J. W. Scheller. 1987. Facies-controlled diagenesis in an upper jurassic coral patch-reef (Lower Tithonian, Southern Germany) [Faziesgesteuerte Diagenese am Beispiel des Korallen-Patchriffs von Laisacker (Untertithon, Sudliche Frankenalb)]. Facies 17:129-139. 1987 Germany Seawater Flow; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Kobluk, D. R. and M. A. Lysenko. 1987. Impact of two sequential Pacific hurricanes on sub-rubble cryptic corals: the possible role of cryptic organisms in maintenance of coral reef communities ( Fiji). Journal of Paleontology 61:663-675. 1987 US Pacific & Hawaii; Fiji Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Macintyre, I. G., R. R. Graus, P. N. Reinthal, M. M. Littler, and D. S. Littler. 1987. The Barrier Reef sediment apron: Tobacco Reef, Belize. Coral Reefs 6:12-Jan. 1987 South & Central America; Belize Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Marsden, J. R. 1987. Coral preference behaviour by planktotrophic larvae of Spirobranchus giganteus corniculatus (Serpulidae: Polychaeta). Coral Reefs 6:71-74. 1987 Palau Marine Worms; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Substrate; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Muthiga, N. A. and T. R. McClanahan. 1987. Population changes of sea urchin ( Echinometra mathaei) on an exploited fringing reef. African Journal of Ecology 25:8-Jan. 1987 Kenya Finfish Harvest; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Pace Jr, F. W. 1987. Sedimentology of a Holocene, platform margin carbonate lagoon, Blackwood Bay, San Salvador Island, Bahamas. M.Sc. thesis. in [No source information available]. 1987 Bahamas Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Reed, J. K. and P. M. Mikkelsen. 1987. The molluscan community associated with the scleractinian coral Oculina varicosa. Bulletin of Marine Science 40:99-131. 1987 Bivalves; Light; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Roberts, C. M. 1987. Experimental analysis of resource sharing between herbivorous damselfish and blennies on the Great Barrier Reef. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 111:61-75. 1987 Australia Algae; Fish; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Turf Algae
Sammarco, P. W., M. J. Risk, and C. Rose. 1987. Effects of grazing and damselfish territoriality on internal bioerosion of dead corals : indirect effects. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 112:185-199. 1987 Australia Boring Sponges; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Marine Worms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Sponges
Steger, R. 1987. Effects of refuges and recruitment on gonodactylid stomatopods, a guild of mobile prey. Ecology 68:1520-1533. 1987 South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean Skeletal Coral
Zann, L., J. Brodie, C. Berryman, and M. Naqasima. 1987. Recruitment, ecology, growth and behavior of juvenile Acanthaster planci (L.) ( Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Bulletin of Marine Science 41:561-575. 1987 Fiji Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Coralline Algae; Echinoderms; Pathogens; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Calder, D. R. and W. Vervoort. 1986. Plicatotheca anitae, a new genus and species of thecate hydroid from Bermuda and South Africa. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64:2021-2023. 1986 Bermuda; South Africa Skeletal Coral
Foster, W. A. and J. E. Treherne. 1986. The ecology and behaviour of a marine insect, Halobates fijiensis (Hemiptera: Gerridae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 86:391-412. 1986 Fiji Field Study & Monitoring; Model Algae; Calcareous Macroalgae; Coralline Algae; Mangroves; Skeletal Coral
Harmelin-Vivien, M. L. and P. Laboute. 1986. Catastrophic impact of hurricanes on atoll outer reef slopes in the Tuamotu (French Polynesia). Coral Reefs 5:55-62. 1986 Cuba Beaches & Nature Parks; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Hendler, G. and B. S. Littman. 1986. The ploys of sex: relationships among the mode of reproduction, body size and habitats of coral-reef brittlestars. Coral Reefs 5:31-42. 1986 South & Central America; Belize; Caribbean Calcareous Macroalgae; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Hutchings, P. 1986. Cryptofaunal communites of coral reefs. Acta Oceanologica Sinica 5:603-613. 1986 Australia Skeletal Coral
Mah, A. J. and C. W. Stearn. 1986. The effect of Hurricane Allen on the Bellairs fringing reef, Barbados. Coral Reefs 4:169-176. 1986 Index or Indicator Hydrocoral; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Oberdorfer, J. A. and R. W. Buddemeier. 1986. Coral-reef hydrology: field studies of water movement within a barrier reef. Coral Reefs 5:12-Jul. 1986 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Nutrients; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Sammarco, P. W., J. H. Carleton, and M. J. Risk. 1986. Effects of grazing and damselfish territoriality on bioerosion of dead corals: Direct effects. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 98:19-Jan. 1986 Australia Algae; Boring Sponges; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Sponges
Sorokin, Y. I. 1986. Parameters of productivity of some components of coral reef ecosystems. Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii 33:33-68. 1986 US Pacific & Hawaii; India; Pacific Ocean Plankton; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Adey, W. H. and R. S. Steneck. 1985. Highly productive eastern caribbean reefs: synergistic effects of biological, chemical, physical, and geological factors. Pages 163-187 1985 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Algae; Nutrients; Primary Production; Seawater Flow; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Turf Algae; Water Depth & Sea Level
Crevello Paul, D., M. Harris Paul, L. Stoudt David, and R. Baria Lawrence. 1985. Porosity Evolution And Burial Diagenesis In A Jurassic Reef-Debris Reservoir, Smackover Formation, Hico Knowles Field, Louisiana. Pages 385-406 Carbonate Pet Reservoirs. 1985 Field Study & Monitoring Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Hallock, P. and E. C. Glenn. 1985. Numerical analysis of foraminiferal assemblages: a tool for recognizing depositional facies in Lower Miocene Reef complexes. Journal of Paleontology 59:1382-1394. 1985 Philippines Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Hixon, M. A. and W. N. Brostoff. 1985. Substrate characteristics, fish grazing, and epibenthic reef assemblages off Hawaii. Bulletin of Marine Science 37:200-213. 1985 US Pacific & Hawaii Fish; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Substrate
Hubbard, D. K., R. P. Burke, and I. P. Gill. 1985. Accretion in deep shelf-edge reefs, St. Croix, U.S.V.I. Pages 491-525 in Deep-water carbonates. Core workshop, New Orleans, 1985. 1985 US Virgin Islands Skeletal Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Laufle, J. C. and G. B. Pauley. 1985. Fish colonization and materials comparisons on a Puget Sound artificial reef. Bulletin of Marine Science 37:227-243. 1985 Artificial Habitat; Fish; Skeletal Coral
Lindquist, D. G., M. V. Ogburn, W. B. Stanley, H. L. Troutman, and S. M. Pereira. 1985. Fish utilization patterns on temperate rubble-mound jetties in North Carolina. Bulletin of Marine Science 37:244-251. 1985 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Fish; Skeletal Coral
Pfeffer, R. A. and G. W. Tribble. 1985. Hurricane effects on an aquarium fish fishery in the Hawaiian Islands. in IN: PROC. FIFTH INT. CORAL REEF CONGRESS, (MOOREA, FRENCH POLYNESIA: MAY 27-JUN. 1, 1985). 1985 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Shulman, M. J. 1985. Coral reef fish assemblages: intra- and interspecific competition for shelter sites. Environmental Biology of Fishes 13:81-92. 1985 South & Central America; US Virgin Islands; Caribbean Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Shulman, M. J. 1985. Recruitment of coral reef fishes: effects of distribution of predators and shelter. Ecology 66:1056-1066. 1985 US Virgin Islands Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Tzetlin, A. B. and T. A. Britayev. 1985. A new species of the spionidae (Polychaeta) with asexual reproduction associated with sponges. Zoologica Scripta 14:177-181. 1985 Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Woodroffe, C. D. 1985. Vegetation and flora of Nui Atoll, Tuvalu. Atoll Research Bulletin 1985 US Pacific & Hawaii; Tuvalu Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Burns, D., C. Andrews, D. Craven, K. Orrett, B. Pierce, and D. Karl. 1984. Microbial biomass, rates of DNA synthesis and estimated carbon production in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Bulletin of Marine Science 34:346-357. 1984 US Pacific & Hawaii Microorganisms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Choi, D. R. 1984. Ecological succession of reef cavity-dwellers ( coelobites) in coral rubble. Bulletin of Marine Science 35:72-79. 1984 Florida Bivalves; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Tunicates
Lipps, J. H. and K. P. Severin. 1984. Alveolinella quoyi, a living fusiform foraminifera, at Motupore Island, Papua New Guinea. Science in New Guinea 11:126-137. 1984 Papua New Guinea Nutrients; Skeletal Coral
Messing, C. G. 1984. Brooding and paedomorphosis in the deep-water feather star Comatilia iridometriformis (Echinodermata: Crinoidea). Marine Biology 80:83-91. 1984 Florida Echinoderms; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Sano, M., M. Shimizu, and Y. Nose. 1984. Changes in structure of coral reef fish communities by destruction of hermatypic corals: observational and experimental views. Pacific Science 38:51-79. 1984 US Pacific & Hawaii Complex Habitat & Resources; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Scoffin, T. P. and M. D. Hendry. 1984. Shallow-water sclerosponges on jamaican reefs and a criterion for recognition of hurricane deposits. Nature 307:728-729. 1984 Jamaica Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Shulman, M. J. 1984. Resource limitation and recruitment patterns in a coral reef fish assemblage. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 74:85-109. 1984 US Virgin Islands Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral
Williams, A. H. 1984. The effects of Hurricane Allen on Back Reef populations of Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 75:233-243. 1984 Jamaica Fish; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Wulff, J. L. 1984. Sponge-mediated coral reef growth and rejuvenation. Coral Reefs 3:157-163. 1984 South & Central America; Caribbean Algae; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Choi, D. R. and R. N. Ginsburg. 1983. Distribution of coelobites (cavity-dwellers) in coral rubble across the Florida Reef Tract. Coral Reefs 2:165-172. 1983 Florida Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Fadlallah, Y. H. 1983. Population dynamics and life history of a solitary coral, Balanophyllia elegans, from Central California. Oecologia 58:200-207. 1983 US Pacific & Hawaii Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Goldberg, W. M. 1983. Cay Sal Bank, Bahamas: a biologically impoverished, physically controlled environment. Atoll Research Bulletin 1983 Bahamas Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Octocoral; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Kohn, A. J. 1983. Microhabitat factors affecting abundance and diversity of Conus on coral reefs. Oecologia 60:293-301. 1983 Australia; Micronesia Skeletal Coral
Rogers, C. S., M. Gilnack, and H. C. I. Fitz. 1983. Monitoring of coral reefs with linear transects: a study of storm damage. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 66:285-300. 1983 US Virgin Islands Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Hydrocoral; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Rouchy, J.-M., M.-C. Bernet-Rollande, A. F. Maurin, and C. Monty. 1983. ( Sedimentological and paleogeographic meaning of different bioconstructed carbonates around Gebel Esh Mellaha, Egypt. Impact on evaporites and paleogeography). [Signification sedimentologique et paleogeographique des divers types de carbonates bioconstru. Comptes Rendus des Seances - Academie des Sciences, Serie II 296:457-462. 1983 Egypt Algae; Construction Codes & Projects; Microorganisms; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Sullivan, B., D. J. Faulkner, and L. Webb. 1983. Siphonodictidine, a metabolite of the burrowing sponge Siphonodictyon sp. that inhibits coral growth. Science 221:1175-1176. 1983 US Pacific & Hawaii Lab Study Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Brown, B. E. and M. C. Holley. 1982. Metal levels associated with tin dredging and smelting and their effect upon intertidal reef flats at ko phuket, Thailand. Coral Reefs 1:131-137. 1982 Thailand Bivalves; Discharges; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Molluscs; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Child, C. A. 1982. Pycnogonida from Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. The Atlantic barrier reef ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, I: structure and communities 355-380. 1982 South & Central America; Florida; Bahamas; Bermuda; Belize Algae; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Skeletal Coral
Choi, D. R. 1982. Coelobites ( reef cavity-dwellers) as indicators of environmental effects caused by offshore drilling ( Palawan Island, Philippines). Bulletin of Marine Science 32:880-889. 1982 Philippines Index or Indicator Oil & Gas Industry; Skeletal Coral
Fricke, H. and H. A. Kacher. 1982. A mound-building deep water sand tilefish of the Red Sea: Hoplolatilus geo n.sp. (Perciformes: Branchiostegidae). Observations from a research submersible. Senckenbergiana Maritima 14:245-259. 1982 Algae; Coralline Algae; Fish; Molluscs; Plankton; Skeletal Coral
Greenfield, D. W. and T. A. Greenfield. 1982. Habitat and resource partitioning between two species of Acanthemblemaria (Pisces: Chaenopsidae) with comments on the chaos hypothesis ( Carrie Bow Bay, Belize). The Atlantic barrier reef ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, I: structure and communities 499-507. 1982 South & Central America; Belize Skeletal Coral
Hammond, L. S. 1982. Patterns of feeding and activity in deposit-feeding holothurians and echinoids ( Echinodermata) from a shallow back-reef lagoon, Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Bulletin of Marine Science 32:549-571. 1982 Jamaica Echinoderms; Skeletal Coral
Hargraves, P. E. 1982. Production of some benthic communities at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize ( Thalassia testudinum). The Atlantic barrier reef ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, I: structure and communities 109-114. 1982 South & Central America; Belize Algae; Plankton; Skeletal Coral
Kensley, B. 1982. Anthuridea ( Crustacea: Isopoda) of Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. The Atlantic barrier reef ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, I: structure and communities 321-353. 1982 South & Central America; Belize Plankton; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Larson, K. S. and R. J. Larson. 1982. On the ecology of Isaurus duchassaingi (Andres) ( Cnidaria: Zoanthidea) from South Water Cay, Belize. The Atlantic barrier reef ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, I: structure and communities 475-488. 1982 South & Central America; Belize Anemones & Zooanthids; Skeletal Coral; Substrate; Zooxanthellae
Marshall, J. F. and P. J. Davies. 1982. Internal structure and Holocene evolution of One Tree Reef, southern Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs 1:21-28. 1982 Australia Model Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Reed, J. K., R. H. Gore, L. E. Scotto, and K. A. Wilson. 1982. Community composition, structure, areal and trophic relationships of decapods associated with shallow- and deep-water Oculina varicosa coral reefs: studies on decapod Crustacea from the Indian River region of Florida, XXIV. Bulletin of Marine Science 32:761-786. 1982 Florida; India Algae; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Rutzler, K. and I. G. Macintyre. 1982. The habitat distribution and community structure of the barrier reef complex at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. The Atlantic barrier reef ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, I: structure and communities Sep-45. 1982 South & Central America; Belize Calcareous Macroalgae; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Cherbadzhi, I. I. and M. V. Propp. 1981. Comparative characteristics of production indices of corals and periphyton on artificial and natural substrates. Soviet Journal of Marine Biology 7:238-242. 1981 Index or Indicator Primary Production; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Hawkins, C. M. 1981. Efficiency of organic matter absorption by the tropical echinoid Diadema antillarum Philippi fed non-macrophytic algae. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 49:245-253. 1981 Algae; Coralline Algae; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Mergner, H. and H. Schuhmacher. 1981. Quantitative analysis of the coral community of a fore reef area near Aqaba (Red Sea) [Quantitative Analyse der Korallenbesiedlung eines Vorriffareals bei Aqaba (Rotes Meer)]. Helgoländer Meeresuntersuchungen 34:337-354. 1981 Algae; Octocoral; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Stony Coral
Rogers, C. S. and N. H. Salesky. 1981. Productivity of Acropora palmata (Lamarck), macroscopic algae, and algal turf from Tague Bay Reef, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 49:179-187. 1981 US Virgin Islands Algae; Primary Production; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Schlager, W. and R. N. Ginsburg. 1981. Bahama carbonate platforms - The deep and the past. Marine Geology 44:24-Jan. 1981 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Bahamas Climate; Salinity; Skeletal Coral
Pressley, P. H. 1980. Lunar periodicity in the spawning of yellowtail damselfish, Microspathodon chrysurus. Environmental Biology of Fishes 5:155-159. 1980 South & Central America; Cuba; Panama; Caribbean Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Shinn, E. A. 1980. Geologic history of Grecian Rocks, Key Largo Coral Reef Marine Sanctuary. Bulletin of Marine Science 30:646-656. 1980 Hydrocoral; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Hurme Arthur, K. 1979. Rubble-Mound Structures As Artificial Reefs. Pages 1042-1051 in [No source information available]. 1979 Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Rogers, C. S. 1979. The effect of shading on coral reef structure and function. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 41:269-288. 1979 Puerto Rico Algae; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Primary Production; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Sale, P. F. 1979. Recruitment, loss and coexistence in a guild of territorial coral reef fishes. Oecologia 42:159-177. 1979 Fish; Plankton; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Velimirov, B. and J. King. 1979. Calcium uptake and net calcification rates in the octocoral Eunicella papillosa. Marine Biology 50:349-358. 1979 Cuba Octocoral; Skeletal Coral
Bromley, R. G. 1978. Bioerosion of Bermuda reefs. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 23:169-197. 1978 Bermuda Index or Indicator Anemones & Zooanthids; Marine Worms; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Focke, J. W. 1978. Holocene development of coral fringing reefs, leeward off Curacao and Bonaire (Netherlands Antilles). Marine Geology 28. 1978 Antilles Skeletal Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level
Sale, P. F. 1978. Chance patterns of demographic change in populations of territorial fish in coral rubble patches at heron reef. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 34:233-243. 1978 Australia Fish; Skeletal Coral
Sale, P. F. 1978. Coexistence of coral reef fishes - a lottery for living space. Environmental Biology of Fishes 3:85-102. 1978 Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Alldredge, A. L. and J. M. King. 1977. Distribution, abundance, and substrate preferences of demersal reef zooplankton at Lizard Island Lagoon, Great Barrier Reef. Marine Biology 41:317-333. 1977 Australia Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Plankton; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Bagnis, R., S. Chanteau, and T. Yasumoto. 1977. Significance Of The Various Toxins Present On The Dead Coralian Substracts In The Eiguateric Determinism [Signification Des Diverses Toxines Presentes Sur Les Substrats Coralliens Morts Dans Le Determinisme Ciguaterique]. Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique et de ses Filiales 70:320-324. 1977 Skeletal Coral
Dodge, R. E. and J. Rimas Vaisnys. 1977. Coral populations and growth patterns: responses to sedimentation and turbidity associated with dredging. Journal of Marine Research 35:-715. 1977 Bermuda Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Frost, S. H. and N. A. Bakos. 1977. Miocene pelagic biogenic sediment production and diagenesis, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 22:137-171. 1977 US Virgin Islands Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Plankton; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Sponges
Hanson, R. B. and K. Gundersen. 1977. Relationship between nitrogen fixation (Acetylene reduction) and the C:N ratio in a polluted coral reef ecosystem, Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 5:437-444. 1977 US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Plankton; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Hernandez-Avila, M.-L., H. H. Roberts, and L. J. Rouse. 1977. Hurricane generated waves and coastal boulder rampart formation. in [No source information available]. 1977 Puerto Rico Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Itzkowitz, M. 1977. Social dynamics of mixed-species groups of Jamaican reef fishes. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 2:361-384. 1977 Jamaica Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Schuhmacher, H. 1977. Initial phases in reef development, studied at artificial reef types off Eilat, (Red Sea). Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 30:400-411. 1977 Algae; Artificial Habitat; Hydrocoral; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Stearn, C W. and T. P. Scoffin. 1977. Carbonate budget of a fringing reef, Barbados. Pages 471-476 in Third International Coral Reef Symposium. Miami, FL. 1977 Algae; Bivalves; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Coralline Algae; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Sea Urchins; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Wanders, J. B. W. 1977. The role of benthic algae in the shallow reef of Curacao (Netherlands Antilles) III: The significance of grazing. Aquatic Botany 3:357-390. 1977 Antilles Algae; Coralline Algae; Fleshy Macroalgae; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Baines, G. B. K. and R. F. McLean. 1976. Sequential studies of hurricane deposit evolution at Funafuti atoll. Marine Geology 21. 1976 Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes
Hanson, R. B. and K. Gundersen. 1976. Influence of sewage discharge on nitrogen fixation and nitrogen flux from coral reefs in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 31:942-948. 1976 US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Discharges; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Plankton; Skeletal Coral
Kohn, A. J. and P. J. Leviten. 1976. Effect of habitat complexity on population density and species richness in tropical intertidal predatory gastropod assemblages. Oecologia 25:199-210. 1976 US Pacific & Hawaii Complex Habitat & Resources; Molluscs; Skeletal Coral
Macintyre, I. G. and P. W. Glynn. 1976. Evolution Of Modern Caribbean Fringing Reef, Galeta Point, Panama. AAPG Bulletin 60:1054-1072. 1976 South & Central America; Panama; Caribbean Mangroves; Sediment; Skeletal Coral
Sale, P. F. 1976. The effect of territorial adult pomacentrid fishes on the recruitment and survival of juveniles on patches of coral rubble. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 24:297-306. 1976 Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Thomassin, B. A. 1976. Feeding behaviour of the felt-, sponge-, and coral-feeder sea stars, mainly Culcita schmideliana. Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 28:51-65. 1976 US Pacific & Hawaii; Madagascar Octocoral; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Sponges; Substrate
Sale, P. F. 1974. Patterns of use of space in a guild of territorial reef fishes. Marine Biology 29:89-97. 1974 Australia Skeletal Coral
Vine, P. J. 1974. Effects of algal grazing and aggressive behaviour of the fishes Pomacentrus lividus and Acanthurus sohal on coral-reef ecology. Marine Biology 24:131-136. 1974 Fish; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish
Branham, J. M., S. A. Reed, J. H. Bailey, and J. Caperon. 1971. Coral-eating sea stars Acanthaster planci in Hawaii. Science 172:1155-1157. 1971 US Pacific & Hawaii Seastars; Skeletal Coral
Fankboner, P. V. 1971. Self righting by tridacnid clams. Nature 230:579-580. 1971 Bivalves; Skeletal Coral; Substrate
Campbell, A. C. and R. F. G. Ormond. 1970. The threat of the 'crown-of-thorns' starfish (Acanthaster planci) to coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific area: Observations on a normal population in the Red Sea. Biological Conservation 2:246-251. 1970 US Pacific & Hawaii Seastars; Skeletal Coral
Shepard, F. P., J. R. Curray, W. A. Newman, A. L. Bloom, N. D. Newell, J. I. Tracey Jr., and H. H. Veeh. 1967. Holocene changes in sea level: Evidence in Micronesia. Science 157:542-544. 1967 US Pacific & Hawaii; Micronesia Skeletal Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Water Depth & Sea Level
Erez J., S. Reynaud, J. Silverman, K. Schneider, and D. Allemand. Coral calcification under ocean acidification and global change. Pages 151-176 in Dubinsky, Z. and N. Stambler, editors. Coral Reefs: An Ecosystem in Transition. Springer, New York,(New York, USA). Global Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; CO2; Molluscs; Ocean Acidity; Plankton; Skeletal Coral
Fava, F., M. Ponti, A. Scinto, B. Calcinai, and C. Cerrano. Possible effects of human impacts on epibenthic communities and coral rubble features in the marine Park of Bunaken (Indonesia). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science US Pacific & Hawaii; Indonesia Complex Habitat & Resources; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Housing; Marine Protected Areas; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Scopelitis, J., S. Andrefouet, S. Phinn, P. Chabanet, O. Naim, C. Tourrand, and T. Done. Changes of coral communities over 35 years: Integrating in situ and remote-sensing data on Saint-Leu Reef (la Reunion, Indian Ocean). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science Indian Ocean; Reunion; India Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Algae; Climate; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral

Management Options

Management Option Description Sources Database Topics
Monitor & Research: Biological Status and Trends Monitoring This activity produces long-term comprehensive information on sanctuary-wide status and trends of biological resources. Data that could be collected on coral reef communities includes but is not limited to species abundance and density, biodiversity, benthic cover, coral condition, growth, recruitment, predation, and grazing. Mangroves and seagrasses should also be monitored. With adequate baseline data, changes in community structure and biocriteria can be identified and restoration or protection efforts can be taken. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Aquarium Stock; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biocriteria; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Bivalves; Calcareous Macroalgae; Contact Uses; Coral; Coralline Algae; Cyanobacteria; Decision Support; Echinoderms; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Hydrocoral; Invasive Species; Invertebrates; Large Herbivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Products; Marine Vertebrates; Marine Worms; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Octocoral; Octopus & Squid; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Physical Damage; Primary Production; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Sea Turtles; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tunicates; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Coral Touching Regulations Currently touching, removing, damaging, distributing, and injuring any living or dead coral or coral formation is prohibited in Sanctuary Preservation Areas and Ecological Reserves. An investigation will be conducted to consider extending this prohibition to high-use, sensitive and vulnerable areas. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Beaches & Nature Parks; Contact Uses; Coral; Decision Support; Dredging Regulations; Physical Damage; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Trampling
Restoration: Restore Reef Habitat and Salvage Benthic Inhabitants Injured by Physical Damage This management approach involves salvaging, maintenance, and re-stabilization or injured resources by management staff and private contractors in order to rescue and provide first aid following physical damage such as vessel groundings. This can be achieved using Reef Medics and other volunteer programs because these groups have experience with vessel navigation and operation, snorkeling, and SCUBA diving. Also, it allows for researchers to collect living coral material when relocation of such organisms is not possible. Salvage and re-stabilization is not limited to the living coral; octocorals, seagrasses, and the non-living framework may all be damaged of destabilized from groundings or other physical impacts. In addition to the habitat's structural integrity, it is important to re-establish aesthetics and ecological functionality. Funds from mitigation and case settlements should be used for this work, as long term costs of restoration and monitoring can be extensive. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Collier, C., Dodge, R., Gilliiam, Gracie, K., Gregg, L., Jaap, W., Mastry, M., and Poulos, N. 2007. Rapid Response and Restoration for coral reef injuries in the southeest Florida. Southeast Florida Coral Reef Initiative.

Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Activities; Coastal Engineering; Collaboration & Partnering; Contact Uses; Coral; Cultural Policies; Cultural Services; Culture; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Octocoral; Physical Damage; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Security & Public Administration Policies; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Water Transportation; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands
Restoration: Removal of Invasive Algae Benthic organisms on reefs maintain a delicate balance competing for space. In many areas, the competition between coral and algae has fallen out of balance due to confounding factors. Factors such as decreased herbivorous fish and invertebrates, and invasive algae species have allowed faster growing algae to take over many reefs, often growing into smothering mats that cover and kill coral. In Hawaii, there has been some success physically removing invasive algae such as Kappaphycus using underwater vacuums extended down from barges or volunteer events in shallower areas. The Nature Conservancy. 2010.Two Million Pounds of Invasive Algae Removed From Maunalua Bay.

(not cited)

Algae; Aquaculture; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Calcareous Macroalgae; Collaboration & Partnering; Coral; Coralline Algae; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Hydrocoral; Invasive Species; Large Herbivorous Fish; Octocoral; Reef Habitat; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Turf Algae; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Zooxanthellae

Laws

Legal Citation Purpose of Law Management Organization Database Topics
Endangered and Threatened Species; Critical Habitat for Threatened Elkhorn and Staghorn Corals, 73 Federal Register § 6895 (2008). To make it unlawful, to import or export the species into or from the US, to take the species within the US or territorial seas of the US, to take the species upon the high seas, to possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, or ship by any means whatsoever the species taken in violation, to deliver, receive, carry, transport, or ship in interstate or foreign commerce, by any means whatsoever and in the course of a commercial activity the species, to sell or offer for sale in interstate or foreign commerce the species, to violate any regulation pertaining to the species.

Application to Coral Reefs:The deignation of Acropa palmeta and Acropa cervicornis as threathened species will allow the species advantages in recovery. The designation protects the reef habitat because the species must have the reef to reproduce and grow.

Legislative Actions:Section 11 of the ESA provides civil and criminal penalties for a violation of the ESA.

Comments: 		NOAA

Jurisdiction:
US Coral Reefs; US Territorial Waters; US Virgin Islands; Puerto Rico 		Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Collaboration & Partnering; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invertebrate Harvest; Recreational Opportunities; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies

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