ReefLink Database

Octopus & Squid
Octopi and Squid are Mollusks that can be found in coral reef ecosystems. Octopi and Squid eat crustaceans and a variety of fish.
CMap
CMap Description
Octopus & squid consume crustaceans and fish, providing a link in the trophic food web as they are consumed by humans. A few octopus species are important as aquarium stock, and all species are important to cultural services of coral reefs. Socio-economic drivers lead to octopus & squid removal & mortality through harvesting pressures; also, the survival, growth, and reproduction of octopus & squid are reduced by disease-causing microorganisms and a disturbed physical & chemical environment. Biological monitoring, mapping, and restoration is needed to identify changes in the abundance and condition of octopus & squid; and ultimately, to determine the appropriate responses to maintain the supply of ecosystem services and ensure the benefits to human health and well-being.Citations
Citation | Year | Study Location | Study Type | Database Topics |
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Crowther, AL; Fautin, DG; Wallace, CC. 2011. Stylobates birtlesi sp. n., a new species of carcinoecium-forming sea anemone (Cnidaria,Actiniaria,Actiniidae) from eastern Australia. Zookeys 33-48. | 2011 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Indian Ocean; India | Anemones & Zooanthids; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid | |
Dunstan, A; Bradshaw, CJA; Marshall, J. 2011. Nautilus at Risk - Estimating Population Size and Demography of Nautilus pompilius. PLoS One 6. | 2011 | Australia; Palau; Fiji | Model | Octopus & Squid |
Dunstan, AJ; Ward, PD; Marshall, NJ. 2011. Nautilus pompilius Life History and Demographics at the Osprey Reef Seamount, Coral Sea, Australia. PLoS One 6. | 2011 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Fiji; Philippines | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Finfish Harvest; Octopus & Squid |
Dunstan, AJ; Ward, PD; Marshall, NJ. 2011. Vertical Distribution and Migration Patterns of Nautilus pompilius. PLoS One 6. | 2011 | Australia; Palau; Fiji | Octopus & Squid; Substrate | |
Lecchini, D. 2011. Visual and chemical cues in habitat selection of sepioid larvae. Comptes Rendus - Biologies 334:911-915. | 2011 | Algae; Complex Habitat & Resources; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Skeletal Coral | ||
Martins, VS; Schiavetti, A; Souto, FJB. 2011. Ethnoecological knowledge of the artisan fishermen of octopi (Octopus spp.) in the community of Coroa Vermelha (Santa Cruz Cabralia, Bahia). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 83:513-522. | 2011 | Finfish Harvest; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid | ||
Nair, JR; Pillai, D; Joseph, SM; Gomathi, P; Senan, PV; Sherief, PM. 2011. Cephalopod research and bioactive substances. Indian journal of GeoMarine Sciences 40:13-27. | 2011 | Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Algae; Echinoderms; Fish; Octocoral; Octopus & Squid; Sponges; Tunicates | |
Osborn, KJ; Madin, LP; Rouse, GW. 2011. The remarkable squidworm is an example of discoveries that await in deep-pelagic habitats. Biology Letters 7:449-453. | 2011 | Marine Worms; Octopus & Squid | ||
Sinclair, W; Newman, SJ; Vianna, GMS; Williams, S; Aspden, WJ. 2011. Spatial Subdivision and Genetic Diversity in Populations on the East and West Coasts of Australia: The Multi-Faceted Case of Nautilus pompilius (Mollusca, Cephalopoda). Reviews in Fisheries Science 19:52-61. | 2011 | Australia | Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid | |
Tziouveli, V; Hall, M; Smith, G. 2011. The Effect of Maturation Diets on the Reproductive Output of the White-striped Cleaner Shrimp, Lysmata amboinensis. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 42:56-65. | 2011 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Cuba | Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid | |
Yasumuro, H; Ikeda, Y. 2011. Effects of environmental enrichment on the behavior of the tropical octopus Callistoctopus aspilosomatis. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 44:143-157. | 2011 | Fish; Octopus & Squid | ||
Capezzuto, F., R. Carlucci, P. Maiorano, L. Sion, D. Battista, A. Giove, A. Indennidate, A. Tursi, and G. D'Onghia. 2010. The bathyal benthopelagic fauna in the north-western Ionian Sea: structure, patterns and interactions. Chemistry and Ecology 26:199-217. | 2010 | Index or Indicator | Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid | |
Leigh, E. G. 2010. The evolution of mutualism. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23:2507-2528. | 2010 | Microorganisms; Nutrients; Octopus & Squid | ||
Makino, A. and T. Miyazaki. 2010. Topographical distribution of visual cell nuclei in the retina in relation to the habitat of five species of Decapodiformes (Cephalopoda). Journal of Molluscan Studies 76:180-185. | 2010 | Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid | ||
Mather, J. A. 2010. Vigilance and antipredator responses of Caribbean reef squid. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 43:357-370. | 2010 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Index or Indicator | Corallivorous Fish; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish |
Mather, J. A., U. Griebel, and R. A. Byrne. 2010. Squid dances: an ethogram of postures and actions of Sepioteuthis sepioidea squid with a muscular hydrostatic system. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 43:45-61. | 2010 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Octopus & Squid | |
Piche, J., S. J. Iverson, F. A. Parrish, and R. Dollar. 2010. Characterization of forage fish and invertebrates in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands using fatty acid signatures: species and ecological groups. Marine Ecology Progress Series 418:1-U410. | 2010 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Fish; Invertebrates; Octopus & Squid | |
Platell, M. E., S. A. Hesp, S. M. Cossington, E. Lek, S. E. Moore, and I. C. Potter. 2010. Influence of selected factors on the dietary compositions of three targeted and co-occurring temperate species of reef fishes: implications for food partitioning. Journal of Fish Biology 76:1255-1276. | 2010 | Australia | Bivalves; Echinoderms; Fish; Invertebrates; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid | |
Villanueva, R. D., A. J. Edwards, and J. D. Bell. 2010. Enhancement of Grazing Gastropod Populations as a Coral Reef Restoration Tool: Predation Effects and Related Applied Implications. Restoration Ecology 18:803-809. | 2010 | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Algae; Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Octopus & Squid; Small Herbivorous Fish; Wetland & Reef Restoration | |
Wood, J. B., A. E. Maynard, A. G. Lawlor, E. K. Sawyer, D. M. Simmons, K. E. Pennoyer, and C. D. Derby. 2010. Caribbean reef squid, Sepioteuthis sepioidea, use ink as a defense against predatory French grunts, Haemulon flavolineatum. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 388:20-27. | 2010 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Fish; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid | |
Barnes, D. K. A. and K. A. Rawlinson. 2009. Traditional coastal invertebrate fisheries in south-western Madagascar. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89:1589-1596. | 2009 | Madagascar | Echinoderms; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid | |
Bouwma, P. E. and W. F. Herrnkind. 2009. Sound production in Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus and its role in escape during predatory attack by Octopus briareus. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43:3-13. | 2009 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid | |
Butler, M. J. and J. A. Lear. 2009. Habitat-based intraguild predation by Caribbean reef octopus Octopus briareus on juvenile Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 386:115-122. | 2009 | South & Central America; Florida; Caribbean | Field Study & Monitoring | Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid |
Crook, R. J., R. T. Hanlon, and J. A. Basil. 2009. Memory of Visual and Topographical Features Suggests Spatial Learning in Nautilus (Nautilus pompilius L.). Journal Of Comparative Psychology 123:264-274. | 2009 | Field Study & Monitoring | Octopus & Squid; Substrate | |
Galvan, D. E., F. Botto, A. M. Parma, L. Bandieri, N. Mohamed, and O. O. Iribarne. 2009. Food partitioning and spatial subsidy in shelter-limited fishes inhabiting patchy reefs of Patagonia. Journal of Fish Biology 75:2585-2605. | 2009 | Bivalves; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Octopus & Squid; Sea Urchins | ||
Headley, M., H. A. Oxenford, M. S. Peterson, and P. Fanning. 2009. Size related variability in the summer diet of the blackfin tuna (Thunnus atlanticus Lesson, 1831) from Tobago, the Lesser Antilles. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 25:669-675. | 2009 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Antilles; Tobago | Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Octopus & Squid; Planktivorous Fish | |
Krajewski, J. P., R. M. Bonaldo, C. Sazima, and I. Sazima. 2009. Octopus mimicking its follower reef fish. Journal of Natural History 43:185-190. | 2009 | Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish | ||
Lachica-Alino, L., L. T. David, M. Wolff, P. M. Alino, and M. C. G. Ranola. 2009. Distributional Patterns, Habitat Overlap and Trophic Interactions of Species Caught by Trawling in the Ragay Gulf, Philippines. Philippine Agricultural Scientist 92:46-65. | 2009 | Philippines | Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Octopus & Squid; Plankton; Seagrasses; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage | |
Leite, T. S., M. Haimovici, and J. Mather. 2009. Octopus insularis (Octopodidae), evidences of a specialized predator and a time-minimizing hunter. Marine Biology 156:2355-2367. | 2009 | Bivalves; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid | ||
Mathger, L. M., E. J. Denton, N. J. Marshall, and R. T. Hanlon. 2009. Mechanisms and behavioural functions of structural coloration in cephalopods. Journal of the Royal Society Interface 6:S149-S163. | 2009 | Review | Fish; Octopus & Squid | |
Pernice, M., J. Boucher, R. Boucher-Rodoni, P. Joannot, and P. Bustamante. 2009. Comparative bioaccumulation of trace elements between Nautilus pompilius and Nautilus macromphalus (Cephalopoda: Nautiloidea) from Vanuatu and New Caledonia. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 72:365-371. | 2009 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Vanuatu; New Caledonia | Mining; Octopus & Squid | |
Revill, A. T., J. W. Young, and M. Lansdell. 2009. Stable isotopic evidence for trophic groupings and bio-regionalization of predators and their prey in oceanic waters off eastern Australia. Marine Biology 156:1241-1253. | 2009 | Australia | Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Nutrients; Octopus & Squid | |
Vaske, T., C. M. Vooren, and R. P. Lessa. 2009. Feeding Strategy Of The Night Shark (Carcharhinus Signatus) And Scalloped Hammerhead Shark (Sphyrna Lewini) Near Seamounts Off Northeastern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 57:97-104. | 2009 | Index or Indicator | Apex Fish Predators; Fishing Sector; Octopus & Squid | |
Warner, R. R., S. L. Hamilton, M. S. Sheehy, L. D. Zeidberg, B. C. Brady, and J. E. Caselle. 2009. Geographic variation in natal and early larval trace-elemental signatures in the statoliths of the market squid Doryteuthis (formerly Loligo) opalescens. Marine Ecology Progress Series 379:109-121. | 2009 | Commercial Fisheries; Octopus & Squid | ||
Zeeh, K. M. and J. B. Wood. 2009. Impact of visible implant elastomer tags on the growth rate of captive Caribbean reef squid Sepioteuthis sepioidea. Fisheries Research 95:362-364. | 2009 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Octopus & Squid |
Cheney, K. L., A. S. Grutter, and N. J. Marshall. 2008. Facultative mimicry: Cues for colour change and colour accuracy in a coral reef fish. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 275:117-122. | 2008 | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Fish; Octopus & Squid; Planktivorous Fish | |
Du, Y. and D. O'Hare. 2008. Synthesis of layered hydroxides using controlled ammonia vapor diffusion. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 69:1040-1043. | 2008 | Field Study & Monitoring; Model | Octopus & Squid | |
Hanlon, R. T. and J. W. Forsythe. 2008. Sexual cannibalism by Octopus cyanea on a Pacific coral reef. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 41:19-28. | 2008 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Palau; Micronesia | Octopus & Squid | |
Jackson, G. D., M. G. Meekan, S. Wotherspoon, and C. H. Jackson. 2008. Distributions of young cephalopods in the tropical waters of Western Australia over two consecutive summers. ICES Journal of Marine Science 65:140-147. | 2008 | Australia | Octopus & Squid | |
Kanzawa, N., T. Ogawa, M. Asakura, K. Okiyama, M. Honda, and T. Tsuchiya. 2008. Comparative expression and tissue distribution analyses of astacin-like squid metalloprotease in squid and cuttlefish. Zoological Science 25:14-21. | 2008 | Japan | Fish; Octopus & Squid | |
Miller, C. G. and M. Lowe. 2008. The Natural History Museum Blaschka collections. Historical Biology 20:51-62. | 2008 | Model | Anemones & Zooanthids; Octopus & Squid | |
Mills, D. J., C. R. Johnson, and C. Gardner. 2008. Bias in lobster tethering experiments conducted for selecting low-predation release sites. Marine Ecology Progress Series 364:13-Jan. | 2008 | Australia | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Planktivorous Fish |
Rosa, R., H. M. Dierssen, L. Gonzalez, and B. A. Seibel. 2008. Ecological biogeography of cephalopod molluscs in the Atlantic Ocean: Historical and contemporary causes of coastal diversity patterns. Global Ecology and Biogeography 17:600-610. | 2008 | South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean | Model | Climate; Complex Habitat & Resources; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Primary Production |
Taylor, S. M. and M. B. Bennett. 2008. Cephalopod dietary specialization and ontogenetic partitioning of the Australian weasel shark Hemigaleus australiensis White, Last & Compagno. Journal of Fish Biology 72:917-936. | 2008 | Australia | Index or Indicator | Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Seagrasses |
Weiss, H. M., E. Lozano-Alvarez, and P. Briones-Fourzan. 2008. Circadian shelter occupancy patterns and predator-prey interactions of juvenile Caribbean spiny lobsters in a reef lagoon. Marine Biology 153:953-963. | 2008 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid | |
Wells, R. J. D., J. H. Cowan Jr., and B. Fry. 2008. Feeding ecology of red snapper Lutjanus campechanus in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Marine Ecology Progress Series 361:213-225. | 2008 | South & Central America; Mexico | Artificial Habitat; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Nutrients; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Plankton | |
Wood, J. B., K. E. Pennoyer, and C. D. Derby. 2008. Ink is a conspecific alarm cue in the Caribbean reef squid, Sepioteuthis sepioidea. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 367:16-Nov. | 2008 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Lab Study | Fleshy Macroalgae; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid |
Bedry, R. and L. De Haro. 2007. Venomous and poisonous animals. v. envenomations by venomous marine invertebrates [Envenimations ou intoxications par les animaux venimeux ou veneneux v - invertebres marins venimeux]. Medecine Tropicale 67:223-231. | 2007 | Europe | Review | Anemones & Zooanthids; Light; Medical Care; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Sea Urchins; Seastars |
Hanlon, R. T., M.-J. Naud, J. W. Forsythe, K. Hall, A. C. Watson, and J. McKechnie. 2007. Adaptable night camouflage by cuttlefish. American Naturalist 169:543-551. | 2007 | Australia | Fish; Octopus & Squid | |
Kaneko, N. and T. Kubodera. 2007. A new intertidal octopus species, Octopus incella (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), from Okinawa, southern Japan. Zootaxa 39-49. | 2007 | Japan | Octopus & Squid; Skeletal Coral | |
Mehta, R. S. and P. C. Wainwright. 2007. Biting releases constraints on moray eel feeding kinematics. Journal of Experimental Biology 210:495-504. | 2007 | Index or Indicator | Apex Fish Predators; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Seawater Flow | |
Mehta, R. S. and P. C. Wainwright. 2007. Raptorial jaws in the throat help moray eels swallow large prey. Nature 449:79-82. | 2007 | Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish | ||
Nunes, J. D. A. C. C., L. D. C. T. Chaves, R. Maia-Nogueira, and C. L. S. Sampaio. 2007. Association between juvenile reef fish and the Caribbean reef squid Sepioteuthis sepioidea on north-eastern Brazilian coastal reefs. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87:761-762. | 2007 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Octopus & Squid | |
Papastamatiou, Y. P., S. J. Purkis, and K. N. Holland. 2007. The response of gastric pH and motility to fasting and feeding in free swimming blacktip reef sharks, Carcharhinus melanopterus. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 345:129-140. | 2007 | Field Study & Monitoring | Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Octopus & Squid | |
Replinger, S. E. and J. B. Wood. 2007. A preliminary investigation of the use of subcutaneous tagging in Caribbean reef squid Sepioteuthis sepioidea (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae). Fisheries Research 84:308-313. | 2007 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Model | Octopus & Squid |
Sinclair, B., L. Briskey, W. Aspden, and G. Pegg. 2007. Genetic diversity of isolated populations of Nautilus pompilius (Mollusca, Cephalopoda) in the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 17:223-235. | 2007 | Australia | Molluscs; Octopus & Squid | |
Sleeman, J. C., M. G. Meekan, S. G. Wilson, C. K. S. Jenner, M. N. Jenner, G. S. Boggs, C. C. Steinberg, and C. J. A. Bradshaw. 2007. Biophysical correlates of relative abundances of marine megafauna at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research 58:608-623. | 2007 | Australia | Model | Apex Fish Predators; Invertebrates; Octopus & Squid; Physical Variables; Whales & Dolphins |
Warrell, D. A. 2007. Venomous animals. Medicine 35:659-662. | 2007 | Australia | Octopus & Squid; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Storms & Hurricanes; Textiles & Apparel | |
Zumholz, K., T. Hansteen, F. Hillion, F. Horreard, and U. Piatkowski. 2007. Elemental distribution in cephalopod statoliths: NanoSIMS provides new insights into nano-scale structure. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 17:487-491. | 2007 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Field Study & Monitoring | Bivalves; Calcium Carbonate Deposition; Fish; Octopus & Squid |
Furuya, H. 2006. A new species of Dicyemennea Whitman, 1883 (Phylum Dicyemida) from Sepia latimanus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Decapodidae) off Okinawa, Japan. Systematic Parasitology 65:205-213. | 2006 | Japan | Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid | |
Gerhardinger, L. C., R. C. Marenzi, A. A. Bertoncini, R. P. Medeiros, and M. Hostim-Silva. 2006. Local ecological knowledge on the goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara (Teleostei: Serranidae) in southern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology 4:441-450. | 2006 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Tonga | Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Substrate | |
Llewellyn, L., A. Negri, and A. Robertson. 2006. Paralytic shellfish toxins in tropical oceans. Toxin Reviews 25:159-196. | 2006 | Algae; Arthropods; Bivalves; Echinoderms; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid | ||
Lunn, K. E. and P. Dearden. 2006. Monitoring small-scale marine fisheries: An example from Thailand's Ko Chang archipelago. Fisheries Research 77:60-71. | 2006 | Global; Thailand | Field Study & Monitoring | Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Housing; Invertebrates; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Octopus & Squid; Resource Use Management; Small Boats |
Lusseau, S. M. and S. R. Wing. 2006. Importance of local production versus pelagic subsidies in the diet of an isolated population of bottlenose dolphins Tursiops sp. Marine Ecology Progress Series 321:283-293. | 2006 | Model | Algae; Fish; Octopus & Squid; Plankton; Whales & Dolphins | |
McElroy, W. D., B. M. Wetherbee, C. S. Mostello, C. G. Lowe, G. L. Crow, and R. C. Wass. 2006. Food habits and ontogenetic changes in the diet of the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, in Hawaii. Environmental Biology of Fishes 76:81-92. | 2006 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean | Apex Fish Predators; Invertebrates; Octopus & Squid | |
Sampaio, C. L. S. and I. L. Rosa. 2006. Predation of an alien species of crab (Charybdis hellerii Milne Edwards) by a native Octopus species on NE Brazilian reefs. Coral Reefs 25:58. | 2006 | Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid | ||
Sazima, I., C. Sazima, and J. M. Da Silva Jr. 2006. Fishes associated with spinner dolphins at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, tropical Western Atlantic: An update and overview. Neotropical Ichthyology 4:451-455. | 2006 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Algae; Fish; Octopus & Squid; Plankton; Whales & Dolphins | |
Southward, A. J., C. M. Young, and L. A. Fuiman, editors. 2006. Advances in marine biology: volume 50. Elsevier, Amsterdam. | 2006 | South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean | Hydrocoral; Mangroves; Octopus & Squid; Seagrasses | |
Aitken, J. P., R. K. O'Dor, and G. D. Jackson. 2005. The secret life of the giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama (Cephalopoda): Behaviour and energetics in nature revealed through radio acoustic positioning and telemetry (RAPT). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 320:77-91. | 2005 | Australia | Fish; Octopus & Squid | |
Amir, O. A., P. Berggren, S. G. M. Ndaro, and N. S. Jiddawi. 2005. Feeding ecology of the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) incidentally caught in the gillnet fisheries off Zanzibar, Tanzania. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 63:429-437. | 2005 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Tanzania | Index or Indicator | Fish; Fishing Sector; Octopus & Squid; Whales & Dolphins |
Dhalin, J. and J. Michel. 2005. Resource response guides. Page 7035 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. | 2005 | GIS & Maps | Bivalves; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Marine Birds; Octopus & Squid; Petroleum Spills; Whales & Dolphins | |
Smale, M. J. 2005. The diet of the ragged-tooth shark Carcharias taurus Rafinesque 1810 in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 27:331-335. | 2005 | South Africa | Apex Fish Predators; Octopus & Squid; Substrate | |
Watters, M. R. 2005. Tropical marine neurotoxins: Venoms to drugs. Seminars in Neurology 25:278-289. | 2005 | Europe | Anemones & Zooanthids; Invertivorous Fish; Microorganisms; Octopus & Squid; Snails & Conch | |
Ashworth, J. S., R. F. G. Ormond, and H. T. Sturrock. 2004. Effects of reef-top gathering and fishing on invertebrate abundance across take and no-take zones. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 303:221-242. | 2004 | Egypt | Echinoderms; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Landuse Management; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Sea Urchins | |
Chapman, B. and J. R. Turner. 2004. Development of a geographical information system for the marine resources of Rodrigues. Journal of Natural History 38:2937-2957. | 2004 | Indian Ocean; India | Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Finfish Harvest; Marine Protected Areas; Octopus & Squid; Skeletal Coral |
Szedlmayer, S. T. and J. D. Lee. 2004. Diet shifts of juvenile red snapper (Lutjanus compechanus) with changes in habitat and fish size. Fishery Bulletin 102:366-375. | 2004 | South & Central America; Cuba; Mexico | Index or Indicator | Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish |
Thompson, F. L., T. Iida, and J. Swings. 2004. Biodiversity of vibrios. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 68:403-431. | 2004 | Review | Algae; Bivalves; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Microorganisms; Octopus & Squid; Pathogens; Plankton; Sponges | |
Horiuchi, Y., R. Kimura, N. Kato, T. Fujii, M. Seki, T. Endo, T. Kato, and K. Kawashima. 2003. Evolutional study on acetylcholine expression. Life Sciences 72:1745-1756. | 2003 | Anemones & Zooanthids; Microorganisms; Octopus & Squid; Sea Urchins; Sponges | ||
Surman, C. A. and R. D. Wooller. 2003. Comparative foraging ecology of five sympatric terns at a sub-tropical island in the eastern Indian Ocean. Journal of Zoology 259:219-230. | 2003 | Australia; Indian Ocean; India | Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Marine Birds; Octopus & Squid | |
Young, R. F. and H. E. Winn. 2003. Activity patterns, diet, and shelter site use for two species of moray eels, Gymnothorax moringa and Gymnothorax vicinus, in Belize. Copeia 44-55. | 2003 | South & Central America; Belize | Apex Fish Predators; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Skeletal Coral | |
Barros, N. B., T. A. Jefferson, and E. C. M. Parsons. 2002. Food habits of finless porpoises (Neophocaena Phocaenoides) in Hong Kong waters. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 115-123. | 2002 | China | Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Substrate; Whales & Dolphins | |
Hall, K. C. and R. T. Hanlon. 2002. Principal features of the mating system of a large spawning aggregation of the giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama (Mollusca: Cephalopoda). Marine Biology 140:533-545. | 2002 | Australia | Finfish Harvest; Fish; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid | |
Ikeda, Y., J. Okazaki, Y. Sakurai, and W. Sakamoto. 2002. Periodic variation in Sr/Ca ratios in statoliths of the Japanese common squid todarodes pacificus steenstrup, 1880 (cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) maintained under constant water temperature. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 273:161-170. | 2002 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan | Octopus & Squid | |
O'Dor, R. K., S. Adamo, J. P. Aitken, Y. Andrade, J. Finn, R. T. Hanlon, and G. D. Jackson. 2002. Currents as environmental constraints on the behavior, energetics and distribution of squid and cuttlefish. Bulletin of Marine Science 71:601-617. | 2002 | Australia | Review | Fish; Octopus & Squid; Surface & Groundwater Flow |
Rogers, C. N., R. De Nys, and P. D. Steinberg. 2002. Effects of algal diet on the performance and susceptibility to predation of the sea hare Aplysia parvula. Marine Ecology Progress Series 236:241-254. | 2002 | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Algae; Fish; Octopus & Squid | |
Cronin, T. W. and N. Shashar. 2001. The linearly polarized light field in clear, tropical marine waters: Spatial and temporal variation of light intensity, degree of polarization and e-vector angle. Journal of Experimental Biology 204:2461-2467. | 2001 | Florida | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Fish; Light; Octopus & Squid |
Forsythe, J. W., L. S. Walsh, P. E. Turk, and P. G. Lee. 2001. Impact of temperature on juvenile growth age at first egg-laying of the Pacific reef squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana reared in captivity. Marine Biology 138:103-112. | 2001 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Molluscs; Octopus & Squid |
Howe, J. C. 2001. Diet composition of Juvenile pigfish, Orthopristis chrysoptera (Perciformes: Haemulidae), from the northern Gulf of Mexico. Gulf of Mexico Science 19:55-60. | 2001 | South & Central America; Mexico | Index or Indicator | Anemones & Zooanthids; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Octopus & Squid |
Norman, M. D. and J. Finn. 2001. Revision of the Octopus horridus species-group, including erection of a new subgenus and description of two member species from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Invertebrate Taxonomy 15:13-35. | 2001 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Indian Ocean; India | Octopus & Squid | |
Weaver, D. C. and G. R. Sedberry. 2001. Trophic subsidies at the Charleston Bump: Food web structure of reef fishes on the continental slope of the Southeastern United States. Pages 137-152 in American Fisheries Society Symposium. | 2001 | US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Fish; Invertebrates; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Plankton | |
Boutilier, R. G., T. G. West, D. M. Webber, G. H. Pogson, K. A. Mesa, J. Wells, and M. J. Wells. 2000. The protective effects of hypoxia-induced hypometabolism in the Nautilus. Journal of comparative physiology B 170:261-268. | 2000 | Papua New Guinea | Lab Study | Octopus & Squid; Special Use Permitting |
Buckman, J. O. 2000. Palaeoecology of a condensed section (carboniferous leitrim group, north-west ireland). Irish Journal of Earth Sciences 18:51-67. | 2000 | Octopus & Squid; Sediment | ||
Hill, B. J. and T. J. Wassenberg. 2000. The probable fate of discards from prawn trawlers fishing near coral reefs: A study in the northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Fisheries Research 48:277-286. | 2000 | Australia | Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Birds; Octopus & Squid; Sponges; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Whales & Dolphins | |
Becker, G. 1999. Silicified Ostracods from the Thuringian Ecotype Devonian/Carboniferous boundary layers (topmost Wocklumer limestone and lowest Hangenberg limestone) in Drewer Quarry (Rheinisches Schiefergebirge). The 'natural' D/C boundary [Verkieselte Ostracoden vom Th. CFS Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 1-159. | 1999 | Europe | Field Study & Monitoring | Octopus & Squid; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation |
Becker, G. 1999. Verkieselte ostracoden vom thuringer okotyp aus den devon/karbon-grenzschichten (top wocklumer kalk und basis hangenberg-kalk) im steinbruch drewer (rheinisches schiefergebirge) die naturliche\ d/c-grenze mit 23 abbildungen, 5 tabellen und 17 tafeln". CFS Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 1-159. | 1999 | Europe | Field Study & Monitoring | Octopus & Squid; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation |
Hanlon, R. T., J. W. Forsythe, and D. E. Joneschild. 1999. Crypsis, conspicuousness, mimicry and polyphenism as antipredator defences of foraging octopuses on Indo-Pacific coral reefs, with a method of quantifying crypsis from video tapes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 66:22-Jan. | 1999 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Palau | Octopus & Squid; Substrate | |
Murray, S. N., T. G. Denis, J. S. Kido, and J. R. Smith. 1999. Human visitation and the frequency and potential effects of collecting on rocky intertidal populations in southern California marine reserves. Pages 100-106 in California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports. | 1999 | Field Study & Monitoring | Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Octopus & Squid; Snails & Conch; Tourism & Recreation | |
Perrin, W. F., MA .L .L . Dolar, and D. Robineau. 1999. Spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) of the western Pacific and Southeast Asia: Pelagic and shallow-water forms. Marine Mammal Science 15:1029-1053. | 1999 | US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Indian Ocean; India; Thailand; Malaysia; Japan; Southeast Asia; Java; Indonesia; Philippines; Taiwan | Review | Apex Fish Predators; Fishing Sector; Octopus & Squid; Whales & Dolphins |
Smale, M. J. and A. J. J. Goosen. 1999. Reproduction and feeding of spotted gully shark, Triakis megalopterus, off the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Fishery Bulletin 97:987-998. | 1999 | South Africa | Apex Fish Predators; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid | |
Southgate, P. C. and K. Kavanagh. 1999. The effect of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth, survival and biochemical composition of the coral reef damselfish Acanthochromis polyacanthus. Aquatic Living Resource 12:31-36. | 1999 | Lab Study | Aquarium & Pet Trade; Fish; Octopus & Squid; Small Herbivorous Fish | |
Takama, K., T. Suzuki, K. Yoshida, H. Arai, and T. Mitsui. 1999. Phosphatidylcholine levels and their fatty acid compositions in teleost tissues and squid muscle. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 124:109-116. | 1999 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Octopus & Squid | |
Becerro, M. A., V. J. Paul, and J. Starmer. 1998. Intracolonial variation in chemical defenses of the sponge Cacospongia sp. and its consequences on generalist fish predators and the specialist nudibranch predator Glossodoris pallida. Marine Ecology Progress Series 168:187-196. | 1998 | Guam | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Octopus & Squid; Sponges |
Goodman-Lowe, G. D. 1998. Diet of the Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi) from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands during 1991 to 1994. Marine Biology 132:535-546. | 1998 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Beaches & Nature Parks; Commercial Fisheries; Corallivorous Fish; Fishing Sector; Large Herbivorous Fish; Octopus & Squid | |
McPherson, C. 1998. Ciguatoxin and Tetrodotoxin Poisonings in the Cat: Their Diagnosis, Treatment and Management. Australian Veterinary Practitioner 28:26-34. | 1998 | Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Microorganisms; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish | ||
Anderson, T. J. 1997. Habitat selection and shelter use by Octopus tetricus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 150:137-148. | 1997 | Bivalves; Complex Habitat & Resources; Octopus & Squid; Sediment | ||
Erzini, K., C. C. Monteiro, J. Ribeiro, M. N. Santos, M. Gaspar, P. Monteiro, and T. C. Borges. 1997. An experimental study of gill net and trammel net 'ghost fishing' off the Algarve (southern Portugal). Marine Ecology Progress Series 158:257-265. | 1997 | Model | Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Marine Birds; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage | |
Forsythe, J. W. and R. T. Hanlon. 1997. Foraging and associated behavior by Octopus cyanea Gray, 1849 on a coral atoll, French Polynesia. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 209:15-31. | 1997 | Field Study & Monitoring | Octopus & Squid | |
Griffiths, M. H. 1997. Feeding ecology of South African Argyrosomus japonicus (Pisces: Sciaenidae), with emphasis on the Eastern Cape surf zone. South African Journal of Marine Science 249-264. | 1997 | South Africa | Octopus & Squid | |
Schwartz, S. and T. Meinking. 1997. Venomous marine animals of Florida: morphology, behavior, health hazards. The Journal of the Florida Medical Association 84:433-440. | 1997 | Florida | Review | Anemones & Zooanthids; Echinoderms; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Sponges |
Wetherbee, B. M., G. L. Crow, and C. G. Lowe. 1997. Distribution, reproduction and diet of the gray reef shark Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos in Hawaii. Marine Ecology Progress Series 151:181-189. | 1997 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Apex Fish Predators; Finfish Harvest; Octopus & Squid | |
Nelson, B. D. and S. A. Bortone. 1996. Feeding guilds among artificial-reef fishes in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Gulf of Mexico Science 14:66-80. | 1996 | South & Central America; Florida; Panama; Mexico | Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator | Artificial Habitat; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Octopus & Squid |
Doino, J. A. and M. J. McFall-Ngai. 1995. A Transient Exposure to Symbiosis-Competent Bacteria Induces LIght Organ Morphogenesis in the Host Squid. Biological Bulletin 189:347-355. | 1995 | Microorganisms; Octopus & Squid | ||
Moltschaniwskyj, N. A. and P. J. Doherty. 1995. Cross-shelf distribution patterns of tropical juvenile cephalopods sampled with light-traps. Marine and Freshwater Research 46:707-714. | 1995 | Octopus & Squid | ||
Sauer, W. H. H. 1995. South Africa's Tsitsikamma National Park as a protected breeding area for the commercially exploited chokka squid Loligo vulgaris reynaudii. South African Journal of Marine Science 365-371. | 1995 | South Africa | Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Octopus & Squid | |
Smale, M. J., W. H. Sauer, and R. T. Hanlon. 1995. Attempted ambush predation on spawning squids Loligo vulgaris reynaudii by benthic pyjama sharks, Poroderma africanum, of South Africa. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 75:739-742. | 1995 | South Africa | Apex Fish Predators; Octopus & Squid | |
Wendt, J. 1995. Shell directions as a tool in palaeocurrent analysis. Sedimentary Geology 95:161-186. | 1995 | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Octopus & Squid; Surface & Groundwater Flow | |
Frazer, T. K. and W. J. Lindberg. 1994. Refuge spacing similarly affects reef-associated species from three phyla. Bulletin of Marine Science 55:388-400. | 1994 | South & Central America; Mexico | Fish; Invertivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid | |
Moltschaniwskyj, N. A. and P. J. Doherty. 1994. Distribution and abundance of two juvenile tropical Photololigo species (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in the central Great Barrier Reef Lagoon. Fishery Bulletin 92:302-312. | 1994 | Australia | Octopus & Squid | |
Muntz, W. R. A. 1994. Effects of light on the efficacy of traps for Nautilus pompilius. Marine Behaviour & Physiology 24:189-193. | 1994 | Fiji | Octopus & Squid | |
O'Dor, R. K., J. Forsythe, D. M. Webber, J. Wells, and M. J. Wells. 1993. Activity levels of Nautilus in the wild. Nature 362:626-628. | 1993 | Octopus & Squid | ||
Norman, M. D. 1992. Ameloctopus litoralis, gen. et sp. nov. (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), a new shallow-water octopus from tropical Australian waters. Invertebrate Taxonomy 6:567-582. | 1992 | Australia | Octopus & Squid; Skeletal Coral | |
Sauer, W. H. H., M. J. Smale, and M. R. Lipinski. 1992. The location of spawning grounds, spawning and schooling behaviour of the squid Loligo vulgaris reynaudii (Cephalopoda: Myopsida) off the Eastern Cape Coast, South Africa. Marine Biology 114:97-107. | 1992 | South Africa | Octopus & Squid; Substrate | |
Thorrold, S. R. 1992. Evaluating the performance of light traps for sampling small fish and squid in open waters of the central Great Barrier Reef lagoon. Marine Ecology Progress Series 89:277-285. | 1992 | Australia | Fish; Octopus & Squid; Small Herbivorous Fish | |
Wada, K., T. Hamanaka, T. Nakaoka, and K. Tanahashi. 1992. Food and feeding habits of Kuril and Largha seals in southeastern Hokkaido. Mammalia 56:555-566. | 1992 | Fish; Fishing Sector; Octopus & Squid | ||
Tilney, R. L. and T. Hecht. 1990. The food and feeding habits of two co-occurring marine catfish Galeichthys feliceps and G. ater (Osteichthyes: Ariidae) along the south-east coast of South Africa. Journal of Zoology 221:171-193. | 1990 | South Africa | Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Worms; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid | |
Polovina, J. J. and I. Sakai. 1989. Impacts of artificial reefs on fishery production in Shimamaki, Japan. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:997-1003. | 1989 | Japan | Decision Support Frameworks & Tools | Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Octopus & Squid |
Grober, M. S. 1988. Responses of tropical reef fauna to brittle-star luminescence (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 115:157-168. | 1988 | South & Central America; Caribbean | Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study | Echinoderms; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid |
Moran, D. 1988. Species profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Gulf of Mexico) - red snapper. Biological Report - US Fish & Wildlife Service 82. | 1988 | South & Central America; Mexico | Commercial Fisheries; Complex Habitat & Resources; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish | |
Gonoi, T. and B. Hille. 1987. Gating of Na channels. Inactivation modifiers discriminate among models. Journal of General Physiology 89:253-274. | 1987 | Model | Octopus & Squid | |
Longhurst, A. R. and D. Pauly. 1987. Ecology of tropical oceans. Ecology of tropical oceans. | 1987 | US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) | Review | Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Plankton; Sea Urchins |
Reed, J. K. and P. M. Mikkelsen. 1987. The molluscan community associated with the scleractinian coral Oculina varicosa. Bulletin of Marine Science 40:99-131. | 1987 | Bivalves; Light; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Sediment; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral | ||
Schmitt, R. J. 1987. Indirect interactions between prey: apparent competition, predator aggregation, and habit segregation. Ecology 68:1887-1897. | 1987 | Bivalves; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid; Snails & Conch | ||
Lottmann, J., C. A. Sandberg, E. Schindler, O. H. Walliser, and W. Ziegler. 1986. Devonian events at the Ense area (excursion to the Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, FRG). Pages 17-21 in Global bio-events. Proc. 1st meeting of the IGCP Project 216. | 1986 | Global | Octopus & Squid; Water Depth & Sea Level | |
Diamant, A. and M. Shpigel. 1985. Interspecific feeding associations of groupers (Teleostei: Serranidae) with octopuses and moray eels in the Gulf of Eilat (Agaba). Environmental Biology of Fishes 13:153-159. | 1985 | Cuba | Apex Fish Predators; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish | |
Hanken, N.-M. and D. A. T. Harper. 1985. The taxonomoy, shell structure, and palaeoecology of the trimerellid brachiopod Gasconsia Northrop. Palaeontology 28:243-254. | 1985 | Norway | Algae; Octopus & Squid | |
Delong, R. L., G. L. Kooyman, W. G. Gilmartin, and T. R. Loughlin. 1984. Hawaiian monk seal diving behavior. Acta Zoologica Fennica 172:129-131. | 1984 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Invertebrates; Octopus & Squid | |
Stevens, J. D. 1984. Life-history and ecology of sharks at Aldabra Atoll, Indian Ocean. Pages 79-106 in Proceedings - Royal Society of London, Series B. | 1984 | Indian Ocean; India | Apex Fish Predators; Fish; Octopus & Squid | |
Smale, M. J. and P. R. Buchan. 1981. Biology of Octopus vulgaris off the east coast of South Africa. Marine Biology 65:12-Jan. | 1981 | South Africa | Octopus & Squid | |
Yarnall, J. L. 1969. Aspects of the behaviour of Octopus cyanea gray. Animal Behaviour 17:747-754. | 1969 | US Pacific & Hawaii | Housing; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid |
Management Options
Management Option | Description | Sources | Database Topics |
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Agriculture & Aquaculture: Bivalve Aquaculture Biofouling Control | These management options reduce, clean or remove biofouling organisms and other waste from bivalve production areas while minimizing environmental risk. Aquaculture shellfish production requires adequate food availability and water of dependable quantity and quality. Aquaculture operations and gear must have a minimal adverse impact on the surrounding water, plant, animal and human resources. Biofouling is detrimental to shellfish production, increasing exposure to pathogens, reducing the available food stuffs, and increasing organic loading. Only environmentally appropriate biofoul control methods should be used, and fouling organisms and algae should be disposed of appropriately to avoid local degradation. | Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. Conservation Practice Standard: Bivalve Aquaculture Gear and Biofouling Control. CODE 400, USDA. |
Algae; Aquaculture; Arthropods; Artificial Habitat; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Chemical Variables; Discharge Limitations; Domestic Animal Waste; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Improved Technology; Invertebrate Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Octopus & Squid; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Snails & Conch; Supplemental Feeding |
Monitor & Research: Biological Status and Trends Monitoring | This activity produces long-term comprehensive information on sanctuary-wide status and trends of biological resources. Data that could be collected on coral reef communities includes but is not limited to species abundance and density, biodiversity, benthic cover, coral condition, growth, recruitment, predation, and grazing. Mangroves and seagrasses should also be monitored. With adequate baseline data, changes in community structure and biocriteria can be identified and restoration or protection efforts can be taken. | NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL. |
Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Aquarium Stock; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biocriteria; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Bivalves; Calcareous Macroalgae; Contact Uses; Coral; Coralline Algae; Cyanobacteria; Decision Support; Echinoderms; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Hydrocoral; Invasive Species; Invertebrates; Large Herbivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Products; Marine Vertebrates; Marine Worms; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Octocoral; Octopus & Squid; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Physical Damage; Primary Production; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Sea Turtles; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tunicates; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins |
Resource Use Management: Seasonal Fisheries and Harvesting | Finfish and shellfish stocks may be more or less susceptible to fishing pressures during certain times of the year. This may be due to seasonality of recruitment and/or changes in food/predation pressures. If fishing restrictions may be more successful if this seasonality is taken into consideration and fishing pressure adjusted accordingly. | Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Artisanal Fishing; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Commercial Fisheries; Corallivorous Fish; Decision Support; Echinoderms; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Live Collection; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Products; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Permitting & Zoning; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Small Herbivorous Fish; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Tourism & Recreation Policies | |
Resource Use Management: Fisheries Catch Quotas | Quotas designate the Total Allowable Catch (TAC) allocated to an operating unit such as a country, a vessel, a company or an individual fisherman (individual quota) depending on the system of allocation. Quotas may or may not be transferable, inheritable, and tradable. While generally used to allocate total allowable catch, quotas could be used also to allocate fishing effort or biomass. | Seas At Risk. 2009. Moving Towards Low Impact Fisheries In Europe Policy Hurdles & Actions. |
Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Apex Fish Predators; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Raw Materials; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Live Collection; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Products; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Snails & Conch; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage |
Laws
Legal Citation | Purpose of Law | Management Organization | Database Topics |
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Chapter 1: Wildlife including protected areas, 12 Virgin Islands Code. | Regulates hunting, including for migratory birds, wildlife restoration, establishes and regulates wildlife and marine sactuaries and game preserves. Application to Coral Reefs:The coral reefs of the US Virgin Islands are within the boundaries off the marine sanctuaries and therefore have the same protection that marine sanctuaries have. Special licenses are required for scientific investigation and for collectors. In wildlife and marine sanctuaries, except under proper permit, taking or posessing any bird, fish, or other wildlife is illegal. Discharge of a firearm or release of arrows (spearfishing) in wildlife or marine sanctuaries is illegal. No form of waste can be thrown, placed or deposited in a wildlife or marine sanctuary. Legislative Actions:The Commissioner or any USVI resident can commence a civil action. Civil penalties for violators are not to exceed $50,000 per day. Any knowingly or negligently discharging polluants can be crimimnally punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 nor more Comments:Commissioner of Planning and Natural Resources can designate and establish wildlife and marine sanctuaries, and accept monitary and animal donations from the United States. |
US Virgin Islands, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection Jurisdiction: US Virgin Islands |
Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Arthropods; Bivalves; Complex Habitat & Resources; Educational & Research Opportunities; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Fish; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Marine Vertebrates; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Recreational Opportunities; Reef Inhabitants; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Seagrasses; Snails & Conch; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Wetlands |
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Regulations, Federal Register § Volume 66, Number 11 (2001). | NOAA established the Tortugas Ecological Reserve (a no-take zone) in the Tortugas region (Tortugas or region) of the Florida Keys to protect significant coral resources and to protect an area that serves as a source of biodiversity for the Sanctuary as well as for the southwest shelf of Florida. Establishment of the Reserve included expansion of the Sanctuary boundary to ensure that the Reserve protects sensitive coral habitats lying outside the existing boundary of the Sanctuary. Application to Coral Reefs:The Regulation protects significant coral resources and many marine species by providing a no-take zone. Legislative Actions:The regulation increased the no-take zones to 24 areas. Fishing is prohibited in Tortugas north for areas that are within State waters. Diving is prohibited in Tortugas south. Comments: |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Jurisdiction: US State Waters; Designated Marine Areas |
Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Boating Activities; Commercial Fisheries; Coral; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Environmental Education & Outreach; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Protected Areas; Molluscs; Octopus & Squid; Recreational Fishing; Reef Habitat; Reef Inhabitants; Sea Urchins; Seastars; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage |