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Aquaculture

Aquaculture

The Aquaculture sector is involved in the raising and production of aquatic animals and plants in controlled environments (NAICS 2007).

CMap

Agriculture, aquaculture and forestry policies regulate and control agriculture, aquaculture and forestry. The Aquaculture sector is involved in the raising and production of aquatic animals and plants in controlled environments. Biochemical & genetic resources are the naturally available novel biochemicals and genetic information found in coral reef organisms that can be utilized for animal breeding or development of biotechnology. Biological Addition refers to anthropogenic inputs of a biological nature into the reef ecosystem, including artificial habitat, domestic animal waste, supplemental feeding, and escape or release of non-native species. Cultural services are the nonmaterial benefits people obtain from ecosystems through spiritual enrichment, cognitive development, recreational opportunities, aesthetic experiences, sense of place, and educational and research opportunities. Discharge limitations are responses to regulate and control the discharge of pollutants and the use of chemicals. Ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain from ecosystems . Educational & Research Opportunities pertain to the value derived from a natural ecosystem in regards to knowledge, scientific research, study, and breakthroughs, and the ability to pass this knowledge on to others. The Escape and Release of Non-Natives pertains to the introduction of non-native and potentially invasive species into the coral reef ecosystem. Food & energy policies are legislation, restrictions, and guidelines that pertain to sectors that harvest or extract natural resources. The Food and Raw Materials sector includes groups that harvest natural resources from the earth, including agriculture, aquaculture, fishing, forestry, mining, and the oil and gas industry. The Reef Ecosystem includes a suite of abiotic variables that form the physical and chemical environment. Pressures are human activities that create stress on the environment. Provisioning services are the products or ecosystem goods obtained from ecosystems, including seafood, genetic and biochemical resources, pharmaceuticals, ornamental resources, and water resources. The state of the Reef Ecosystem is the condition, in terms of quantity and quality, of the abiotic and biotic components including physical, chemical, and biological variables. Reef Life is the abundance, distribution, and condition of the biological components of the coral reef ecosystem. Responses are actions taken by groups or individuals in society and government to prevent, compensate, ameliorate or adapt to changes in Ecosystem Services or their perceived value. Socio-Economic Drivers include the sectors that fulfill human needs for Food & Raw Materials, Water, Shelter, Health, Culture, and Security, and the Infrastructure that supports the sectors. Wastewater Discharges are direct discharges of wastewater, including nutrients and chemicals, into streams, rivers, lakes, or coastal waters. Water resources reflect the quality and quantity of seawater available for human use, including swimming, navigation, and other uses. Waterborne discharges include direct and indirect discharges of pollutants into the aquatic environment, including chemicals, nutrients, sediment, and pathogens.

CMap Description

Aquaculture systems create pressures on the reef ecosystem through discharges of wastewater and pose a risk for accidental escape & release of non-native species that may nfect, compete with, or consume native species. Aquaculture systems often depend on marine water resources, and benefit indirectly from nutrient & contaminant processing within the ecosystem. Aquaculture development may also benefit by studying the behavior of wild species or from genetic resources, by improving domesticated stock through interbreeding with wild individuals. Aquaculture policies can affect locations and practices of aquaculture facilities.

Citations

Citation Year Study Location Study Type Database Topics
Ben-Dov, E; Siboni, N; Shapiro, OH; Arotsker, L; Kushmaro, A. 2011. Substitution by Inosine at the 3 '-Ultimate and Penultimate Positions of 16S rRNA Gene Universal Primers. Microbial Ecology 61:1-6. 2011 Aquaculture; Microorganisms; Pathogens
Bert, TM; Arnold, WS; McMillen-Jackson, AL; Wilbur, AE; Crawford, C. 2011. Natural And Anthropogenic Forces Shape The Population Genetics And Recent Evolutionary History Of Eastern United States Bay Scallops (Argopecten Irradians). Journal of Shellfish Research 30:583-608. 2011 South & Central America; Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Fishing Sector
Cruz-Trinidad, A; Geronimo, RC; Cabral, RB; Alino, PM. 2011. How much are the Bolinao-Anda coral reefs worth? Ocean and Coastal Management 54:696-705. 2011 Philippines Model; Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Monetary Valuation; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation; Valuation
Herbeck, LS; Unger, D; Krumme, U; Liu, SM; Jennerjahn, TC. 2011. Typhoon-induced precipitation impact on nutrient and suspended matter dynamics of a tropical estuary affected by human activities in Hainan, China. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 93:375-388. 2011 China Agriculture; Aquaculture; Discharges; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Plankton; Salinity; Seagrasses; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Jayaraju, N; Reddy, BCSR; Reddy, KR. 2011. Anthropogenic impact on Andaman coast monitoring with benthic foraminifera, Andaman Sea, India. Environmental Earth Sciences 62:821-829. 2011 India Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Tourism & Recreation; Waterborne Discharges
Lecchini, D; Mills, SC; Brie, C; Lo, CM; Banaigs, B. 2011. Chemical stimuli in coral reefs: how butterflyfishes find their food. Environmental Biology of Fishes 91:303-309. 2011 Aquaculture; Corallivorous Fish; Fish
Liu, M; de Mitcheson, YS. 2011. The influence of social factors on juvenile sexual differentiation in a diandric, protogynous grouper Epinephelus coioides. Ichthyological Research 58:84-89. 2011 Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Piscivorous Fish
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. Conservation Practice Standard: Bivalve Aquaculture Gear and Biofouling Control. CODE 400, USDA. 2011 Aquaculture; Bivalves; Invasive Species; Ports & Harbors; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Aquaculture; Bivalves; Discharges; Fish; Irrigation; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Pipelines; Salinity; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Transportation Policies; Waste Management; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands
Rasheed, M; Mian, S; Aubrey, D. 2011. Guidelines for EIA of fish and shrimp hatcheries in a semi-enclosed water body. Ocean and Coastal Management 54:678-686. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mitigation; Sediment
Rushworth, KJW; Smith, SDA; Cowden, KL; Purcell, SW. 2011. Optimal temperature for growth and condition of an endemic subtropical anemonefish. Aquaculture 318:479-482. 2011 Australia Model; Index or Indicator Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Climate; Fish; Sea Temperatures
Titlyanov, EA; Titlyanova, TV; Xia, BM; Bartsch, I. 2011. Checklist of marine benthic green algae (Chlorophyta) on Hainan, a subtropical island off the coast of China: comparisons between the 1930s and 1990-2009 reveal environmental changes. Botanica Marina 54:523-535. 2011 China Algae; Aquaculture; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation
Tziouveli, V; Hall, M; Smith, G. 2011. The Effect of Maturation Diets on the Reproductive Output of the White-striped Cleaner Shrimp, Lysmata amboinensis. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 42:56-65. 2011 US Pacific & Hawaii; Cuba Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Octopus & Squid
Videler, JJ. 2011. An opinion paper: emphasis on white muscle development and growth to improve farmed fish flesh quality. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 37:337-343. 2011 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest
Wijgerde, T; Diantari, R; Lewaru, MW; Verreth, JAJ; Osinga, R. 2011. Extracoelenteric zooplankton feeding is a key mechanism of nutrient acquisition for the scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis. Journal of Experimental Biology 214:3351-3357. 2011 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Nutrients; Plankton; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Bruckner, A. W. and E. H. Borneman. 2010. Implications of coral harvest and transplantation on reefs in northwestern Dominica. Revista de Biologia Tropical 58:111-127. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Algae; Aquaculture; Light; Pathogens; Sediment; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Substrate
Campora, C. E., Y. Hokama, C. S. Tamaru, B. Anderson, and D. Vincent. 2010. Evaluating the Risk of Ciguatera Fish Poisoning from Reef Fish Grown at Marine Aquaculture Facilities in Hawai'i. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 41:61-70. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Aquaculture; Fish
Cook, E. J., R. Shucksmith, H. Orr, G. V. Ashton, and J. Berge. 2010. Fatty acid composition as a dietary indicator of the invasive caprellid, Caprella mutica (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Marine Biology 157:19-27. 2010 Global; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Algae; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Invasive Species
Deveney, M. R. and I. D. Whittington. 2010. Three new species of Benedenia Diesing, 1858 from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia with a key to species of the genus. Zootaxa 1-22. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture
Dragicevic, J. S. 2010. Sea Pollution By Petroleum And Petroleum Products. Gradevinar 62:755-760. 2010 South & Central America; Mexico Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Oil & Gas Industry
Gecek, S. and T. Legovic. 2010. Towards carrying capacity assessment for aquaculture in the Bolinao Bay, Philippines: A numerical study of tidal circulation. Ecological Modelling 221:1394-1412. 2010 Global; Philippines Field Study & Monitoring; Model; GIS & Maps Aquaculture; Fish; Nutrients; Seawater Flow
Gray, D. L., R. Canessa, R. Rollins, C. P. Keller, and P. Dearden. 2010. Incorporating Recreational Users into Marine Protected Area Planning: A Study of Recreational Boating in British Columbia, Canada. Environmental Management 46:167-180. 2010 Columbia Model Aquaculture; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Landuse Management; Marine Protected Areas; Small Boats; Tourism & Recreation; Whales & Dolphins
Kimokeo, B. K., Z. H. Forsman, C. L. Hunter, and R. J. Toonen. 2010. Coral Farming: Species Specific Effects of Light, Water Motion and Artificial Foods. Integrative And Comparative Biology 50:E251-E251. 2010 Aquaculture
Lemonnier, H., C. Courties, C. Mugnier, J. P. Torreton, and A. Herbland. 2010. Nutrient and microbial dynamics in eutrophying shrimp ponds affected or unaffected by vibriosis. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60:402-411. 2010 Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Plankton; Sediment
Martinez-Porchas, M., L. R. Martinez-Cordova, M. A. Porchas-Cornejo, and J. A. Lopez-Elias. 2010. Shrimp polyculture: a potentially profitable, sustainable, but uncommon aquacultural practice. Reviews In Aquaculture 2:73-85. 2010 Review Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pathogens
Matsukane, Y., H. Sato, S. Tanaka, Y. Kamata, and Y. Sugita-Konishi. 2010. Kudoa septempunctata n. sp (Myxosporea: Multivalvulida) from an aquacultured olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) imported from Korea. Parasitology Research 107:865-872. 2010 Australia Aquaculture; Planktivorous Fish
Moorhead, J. A. and C. S. Zeng. 2010. Development of Captive Breeding Techniques for Marine Ornamental Fish: A Review. Reviews in Fisheries Science 18:315-343. 2010 Review Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 2010. Fisheries of the United States 2009. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2010 Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Richlen, M. L., S. L. Morton, E. A. Jamali, A. Rajan, and D. M. Anderson. 2010. The catastrophic 2008-2009 red tide in the Arabian gulf region, with observations on the identification and phylogeny of the fish-killing dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides. Harmful Algae 9:163-172. 2010 Global; South & Central America; Puerto Rico; Malaysia; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Mexico Aquaculture; Ballast Discharge; Discharges; Drinking Water Supply; Fish; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Tourism & Recreation; Water
Sella, I. and Y. Benayahu. 2010. Rearing cuttings of the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea): towards mass production in a closed seawater system. Aquaculture Research 41:1748-1758. 2010 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Octocoral; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Salinity
Todd, P. A., X. Y. Ong, and L. M. Chou. 2010. Impacts of pollution on marine life in Southeast Asia. Biodiversity and Conservation 19:1063-1082. 2010 Global; Southeast Asia; Philippines Review Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Waterborne Discharges
Barletta, M. and M. F. Costa. 2009. Living and Non-living Resources Exploitation in a Tropical Semi-arid Estuary. Journal of Coastal Research 371-375. 2009 Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Salinity; Tourism & Recreation
Bell, J. D., E. Clua, C. A. Hair, R. Galzin, and P. J. Doherty. 2009. The Capture and Culture of Post-Larval Fish and Invertebrates for the Marine Ornamental Trade. Reviews in Fisheries Science 17:223-240. 2009 Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Infrastructural Policies; Infrastructure; Plankton; Substrate; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Caras, T. and Z. Pasternak. 2009. Long-term environmental impact of coral mining at the Wakatobi marine park, Indonesia. Ocean and Coastal Management 52:539-544. 2009 Indonesia Algae; Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Marine Protected Areas; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral; Special Use Permitting; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Chen, K. Y. and W. N. Tzeng. 2009. Reproductive Mode of the Blue-striped Angelfish Chaetodontoplus septentrionalis in Northeastern Taiwan. Zoological Studies 48:468-476. 2009 Japan; Taiwan Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
Cooley, S. R, H. L. Kite-Powell, and S. C. Doney. 2009. Ocean acidification�s potential to alter global marine ecosystem services. Oceanography 22:172-181. 2009 Global Agriculture; Aquaculture; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Fishing Sector; Molluscs; Ocean Acidity; Shoreline Protection; Tourism & Recreation
Costa, C., M. Scardi, V. Vitalini, and S. Cataudella. 2009. A dual camera system for counting and sizing Northern Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus; Linnaeus, 1758) stock, during transfer to aquaculture cages, with a semi automatic Artificial Neural Network tool. Aquaculture 291:161-167. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish
Crabbe, M. J. C. 2009. Climate change and tropical marine agriculture. Journal of Experimental Botany 60:2839-2844. 2009 Global Review Agriculture; Algae; Aquaculture; Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Special Use Permitting; Zooxanthellae
Cruz-Trinidad, A., R. C. Geronimo, and P. M. Alino. 2009. Development trajectories and impacts on coral reef use in Lingayen Gulf, Philippines. Ocean and Coastal Management 52:173-180. 2009 Philippines Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Fishing Sector; Housing; Marine Protected Areas; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Dung, L. D. 2009. Nha Trang Bay marine protected area, Vietnam: Initial trends in coral structure and some preliminary linkages between these trends and human activities (2002-2005). Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 12:249-257. 2009 Vietnam Aquaculture; Coastal Development; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Fernandez-Jover, D., P. Sanchez-Jerez, J. T. Bayle-Sempere, P. Arechavala-Lopez, L. Martinez-Rubio, J. A. L. Jimenez, and F. J. M. Lopez. 2009. Coastal fish farms are settlement sites for juvenile fish. Marine Environmental Research 68:89-96. 2009 Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Complex Habitat & Resources; Plankton
Ferse, S. C. A. and A. Kunzmann. 2009. Effects of concrete-bamboo cages on coral fragments: Evaluation of a low-tech method used in artisanal ocean-based coral farming. Journal of Applied Aquaculture 21:31-49. 2009 Indonesia Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Stony Coral
Frank, D., S. Poole, S. Kirchhoff, and C. Forde. 2009. Investigation of Sensory and Volatile Characteristics of Farmed and Wild Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) using Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry Mass Spectrometry and Descriptive Sensory Analysis. Journal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry 57:10302-10312. 2009 Australia Model Aquaculture; Fish; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Garren, M., L. Raymundo, J. Guest, C. D. Harvell, and F. Azam. 2009. Resilience of Coral-Associated Bacterial Communities Exposed to Fish Farm Effluent. PLoS One 4:e7319. 2009 Philippines Aquaculture; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Stony Coral
Hii, Y. S., C. L. Soo, and H. C. Liew. 2009. Feeding of scleractinian coral, Galaxea fascicularis, on Artemia salina nauplii in captivity. Aquaculture International 17:363-376. 2009 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Nutrients; Plankton; Stony Coral
Kramarsky-Winter, E., C. A. Downs, A. Downs, and Y. Loya. 2009. Cellular responses in the coral Stylophora pistillata exposed to eutrophication from fish mariculture. Evolutionary Ecology Research 11:381-401. 2009 Egypt Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Fish; Nutrients; Primary Production; Stony Coral
Meirelles, M. E., M. Y. Tsuzuki, F. F. Ribeiro, R. C. Medeiros, and I. D. Silva. 2009. Reproduction, early development and larviculture of the barber goby, Elacatinus figaro (Sazima, Moura & Rosa 1997). Aquaculture Research 41:11-18. 2009 Cuba Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
Moore, C. G., C. R. Bates, J. M. Mair, G. R. Saunders, D. B. Harries, and A. R. Lyndon. 2009. Mapping serpulid worm reefs (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) for conservation management. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19:226-236. 2009 Field Study & Monitoring; GIS & Maps Aquaculture; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Marine Worms; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 2009. Fisheries of the United States 2008. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2009 Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Nelson, S. G., E. P. Glenn, D. Moore, and B. Ambrose. 2009. Growth and Distribution of the Macroalgae Gracilaria salicornia and G-parvispora (Rhodophyta) Established from Aquaculture Introductions at Moloka'i, Hawai'i. Pacific Science 63:383-396. 2009 Algae; Aquaculture; Invasive Species; Nutrients
Nelson, W. A. 2009. Calcified macroalgae - critical to coastal ecosystems and vulnerable to change: a review. Marine and Freshwater Research 60:787-801. 2009 Global Review Agriculture; Algae; Aquaculture; CO2; Coastal Development; Complex Habitat & Resources; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Ocean Acidity; Sediment
Oakes, C. T. and D. J. Pondella II. 2009. The value of a net-cage as a fish aggregating device in Southern California. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 40:21-Jan. 2009 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Fish
Oliveira, C., M. T. Dinis, F. Soares, E. Cabrita, P. Pousao-Ferreira, and F. J. Sanchez-Vazquez. 2009. Lunar and daily spawning rhythms of Senegal sole Solea senegalensis. Journal of Fish Biology 75:61-74. 2009 Aquaculture; Fish
Radermacher, P., B. R. Schone, E. Gischler, W. Oschmann, J. Thebault, and J. Fiebig. 2009. Sclerochronology - a highly versatile tool for mariculture and reconstruction of life history traits of the queen conch, Strombus gigas (Gastropoda). Aquatic Living Resources 22:307-318. 2009 South & Central America; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Belize Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Non-point Source Runoff; Snails & Conch; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Shafir, S., S. Abady, and B. Rinkevich. 2009. Improved sustainable maintenance for mid-water coral nursery by the application of an anti-fouling agent. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 368:124-128. 2009 Aquaculture; Nutrients; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Shortis, M., E. Harvey, and D. Abdo. 2009. A Review Of Underwater Stereo-Image Measurement For Marine Biology And Ecology Applications. Pages 257-292 Oceanography And Marine Biology: An Annual Review, Vol 47. 2009 Review Aquaculture
Slater, M. J. and A. G. Carton. 2009. Effect of sea cucumber (Australostichopus mollis) grazing on coastal sediments impacted by mussel farm deposition. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58:1123-1129. 2009 Index or Indicator Agriculture; Aquaculture; Bivalves; Echinoderms; Remediation; Sediment
To, A. W. L. and Y. S. de Mitcheson. 2009. Shrinking baseline: the growth in juvenile fisheries, with the Hong Kong grouper fishery as a case study. Fish and Fisheries 10:396-407. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Williams, K. C. 2009. A review of feeding practices and nutritional requirements of postlarval groupers. Aquaculture 292:141-152. 2009 US Pacific & Hawaii Review Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Live Collection; Piscivorous Fish
Xue, L. Y., X. C. Zhang, and W. Zhang. 2009. Larval release and settlement of the marine sponge Hymeniacidon perlevis (Porifera, Demospongiae) under controlled laboratory conditions. Aquaculture 290:132-139. 2009 Cuba Lab Study; Model Aquaculture; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Balmford, A., A. S. L. Rodrigues, M. Walpole, P. ten Brink, M. Kettunen, L. Braat, and R. de Groot. 2008. The economics of biodiversity and ecosystems: scoping the science. European Commission, Cambridge, UK. 2008 Global Review; GIS & Maps Aquaculture; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Biomedical Research Policies; Climate; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Monetary Valuation
Burger, M. A. A., A. C. Barnes, and R. D. Adlard. 2008. Wildlife as reservoirs for parasites infecting commercial species: Host specificity and a redescription of Kudoa amamiensis from teleost fish in Australia. Journal of Fish Diseases 31:835-844. 2008 Australia; Japan Aquaculture; Fish; Invasive Species; Small Herbivorous Fish
Camus, T. and C. Zeng. 2008. Effects of photoperiod on egg production and hatching success, naupliar and copepodite development, adult sex ratio and life expectancy of the tropical calanoid copepod Acartia sinjiensis. Aquaculture 280:220-226. 2008 Aquaculture; Fish
Chandrasekaran, S., N. Arun Nagendran, D. Pandiaraja, N. Krishnankutty, and B. Kamalakannan. 2008. Bioinvasion of Kappaphycus alvarezii on corals in the Gulf of Mannar, India. Current Science 94:1167-1172. 2008 India Aquaculture; Skeletal Coral; Stony Coral
Clynick, B. G., C. W. McKindsey, and P. Archambault. 2008. Distribution and productivity of fish and macroinvertebrates in mussel aquaculture sites in the Magdalen islands (Quebec, Canada). Aquaculture 283:203-210. 2008 Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Seagrasses
de Paula Silva, P. H., S. McBride, R. de Nys, and N. A. Paul. 2008. Integrating filamentous 'green tide' algae into tropical pond-based aquaculture. Aquaculture 284:74-80. 2008 Australia Algae; Aquaculture; Nutrients; Remediation; Salinity; Special Use Permitting
Ettinger-Epstein, P., D. M. Tapiolas, C. A. Motti, A. D. Wright, C. N. Battershill, and R. De Nys. 2008. Production of manoalide and its analogues by the sponge Luffariella variabilis is hardwired. Marine Biotechnology 10:64-74. 2008 Australia Aquaculture; Sponges
Gao, Q.-F., P. K. S. Shin, W. Z. Xu, and S. G. Cheung. 2008. Amelioration of marine farming impact on the benthic environment using artificial reefs as biofilters. Marine Pollution Bulletin 57:652-661. 2008 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Nutrients; Sediment
Gao, Q.-F., W.-Z. Xu, X.-S. Liu, S. G. Cheung, and P. K. S. Shin. 2008. Seasonal changes in C, N and P budgets of green-lipped mussels Perna viridis and removal of nutrients from fish farming in Hong Kong. Marine Ecology Progress Series 353:137-146. 2008 Southeast Asia Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Nutrients
Garren, M., S. Smriga, and F. Azam. 2008. Gradients of coastal fish farm effluents and their effect on coral reef microbes. Environmental Microbiology 10:2299-2312. 2008 Philippines Aquaculture; Microorganisms; Nutrients
Guest, J. R., P. A. Todd, E. Goh, B. Sivaloganathan, and K. P. Reddy. 2008. Can giant clam (Tridacna squamosa) populations be restored on Singapore's heavily impacted coral reefs? Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:570-579. 2008 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquaculture; Coastal Development; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Light; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing
Hii, Y.-S., C.-L. Soo, and H.-C. Liew. 2008. Feeding of scleractinian coral, Galaxea fascicularis, on Artemia salina nauplii in captivity. Pages 14-Jan Aquaculture International. 2008 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Nutrients; Plankton; Stony Coral
Jimenez-Badillo, L. 2008. Management challenges of small-scale fishing communities in a protected reef system of Veracruz, Gulf of Mexico. Fisheries Management and Ecology 15:19-26. 2008 South & Central America; Mexico Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Schools & Colleges; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Koener, R. M. and J. R. Koerner. 2008. Review and analysis of GRI-21 conference. Page 50 in Geosynthetics. 2008 South & Central America; Mexico Review Agriculture; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Domestic Animal Waste; Fish; Tourism & Recreation
Lampert-Karako, S., N. Stambler, D. J. Katcoff, Y. Achituv, Z. Dubinsky, and N. Simon-Blecher. 2008. Effects of depth and eutrophication on the zooxanthella cludes of Stylophora pistillata from the Gulf of Eilat (Red Sea). Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:1039-1045. 2008 Aquaculture; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Lee, J. H., M. Sidharthan, S. M. Jung, Q. Jo, M. M. Rahman, and H. W. Shin. 2008. Comparison of the effectiveness of four organic chemoattractants towards zoospores of Ulva pertusa and macrofouling. Journal of Environmental Biology 29:621-627. 2008 India Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Fishing Sector
Li, S., K. Yu, Q. Shi, T. Chen, M. Zhao, and J. Zhao. 2008. Interspecies and spatial diversity in the symbiotic zooxanthellae density in corals from northern South China Sea and its relationship to coral reef bleaching. Chinese Science Bulletin 53:295-303. 2008 China Aquaculture; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Sediment; Stony Coral; Water Depth & Sea Level; Zooxanthellae
Meixia, Z., Y. Kefu, Z. Qiaomin, and S. Qi. 2008. Spatial pattern of coral diversity in Luhuitou fringing reef, Sanya, China. Acta Ecologica Sinica 28:1419-1428. 2008 China Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Stony Coral; Trampling
Morris Jr., J. A., T. C. Rezek, N. A. McNeill, and W. O. Watanabe. 2008. Aquaculture of the Atlantic red porgy. North American Journal of Aquaculture 70:184-191. 2008 US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Aquaculture; Fish
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 2008. Fisheries of the United States 2007. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2008 Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Paul, N. A. and R. de Nys. 2008. Promise and pitfalls of locally abundant seaweeds as biofilters for integrated aquaculture. Aquaculture 281:49-55. 2008 Australia Algae; Aquaculture; Fleshy Macroalgae; Nutrients; Remediation
Payne, M. S., L. Hoj, M. Wietz, M. R. Hall, L. Sly, and D. G. Bourne. 2008. Microbial diversity of mid-stage Palinurid phyllosoma from Great Barrier Reef waters. Journal of Applied Microbiology 105:340-350. 2008 Australia Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pathogens
Petersen, D., A. Wietheger, and M. Laterveer. 2008. Influence of different food sources on the initial development of sexual recruits of reefbuilding corals in aquaculture. Aquaculture 277:174-178. 2008 Lab Study Algae; Aquaculture; Sediment; Stony Coral; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Pierre, S., S. Gaillard, N. Prevot-D'Alvise, J. Aubert, O. Rostaing-Capaillon, D. Leung-Tack, and J.-P. Grillasca. 2008. Grouper aquaculture: Asian success and Mediterranean trials. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 18:297-308. 2008 Taiwan Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Monetary Valuation; Piscivorous Fish
Sheppard, B. J. and A. C. Phillips. 2008. Perkinsus olseni detected in Vietnamese aquacultured reef clams Tridacna crocea imported to the USA, following a mortality event. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 79:229-235. 2008 Florida; Vietnam Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Bivalves
Tolentino-Pablico, G., N. Bailly, R. Froese, and C. Elloran. 2008. Seaweeds preferred by herbivorous fishes. Journal of Applied Phycology 20:933-938. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Aquaculture; Fish; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Seagrasses; Small Herbivorous Fish
Wade, N. M., R. Melville-Smith, B. M. Degnan, and M. R. Hall. 2008. Control of shell colour changes in the lobster, Panulirus cygnus. Journal of Experimental Biology 211:1512-1519. 2008 Australia Model Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Special Use Permitting; Substrate
Zhu, Z. Y. and G. H. Yue. 2008. The complete mitochondrial genome of red grouper Plectropomus leopardus and its applications in identification of grouper species. Aquaculture 276:44-49. 2008 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Amar, K. O. and B. Rinkevich. 2007. A floating mid-water coral nursery as larval dispersion hub: Testing an idea. Marine Biology 151:713-718. 2007 Global Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Nutrients; Zooxanthellae
Bannister, R. J., R. Brinkman, C. Wolff, C. Battershill, and R. De Nys. 2007. The distribution and abundance of dictyoceratid sponges in relation to hydrodynamic features: Identifying candidates and environmental conditions for sponge aquaculture. Marine and Freshwater Research 58:624-633. 2007 Australia Model Aquaculture; Sponges
Brehmer, P., S. Georgakarakos, E. Josse, V. Trygonis, and J. Dalen. 2007. Adaptation of fisheries sonar for monitoring schools of large pelagic fish: Dependence of schooling behaviour on fish finding efficiency. Aquatic Living Resource 20:377-384. 2007 Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector
de Voogd, N. J. 2007. The mariculture potential of the Indonesian reef-dwelling sponge Callyspongia (Euplacella) biru: Growth, survival and bioactive compounds. Aquaculture 262:54-64. 2007 Indonesia Aquaculture; Sponges
Environmental Protection Agency. 2007. National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Hydromodification. EPA 841-B-07-002, Office of Water, Washington, DC. 2007 Aquaculture; Dam Construction & Maintenance; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Infrastructure; Irrigation; Microorganisms; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Point Source Discharges; Sediment; Storms & Hurricanes; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water
Jegatheesan, V., C. Zeng, L. Shu, C. Manicom, and C. Steicke. 2007. Technological advances in aquaculture farms for minimal effluent discharge to oceans. Journal of Cleaner Production 15:1535-1544. 2007 Australia Aquaculture; Discharges; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Justine, J.-L. and A. Sigura. 2007. Monogeneans of the malabar grouper Epinephelus malabaricus (Perciformes, Serranidae) off New Caledonia, with a description of six new species of Pseudorhabdosynochus (Monogenea: Diplectanidae). Zootaxa Jan-44. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia Aquaculture; Fish; Marine Worms; Piscivorous Fish
Leis, J. M., A. C. Hay, M. M. Lockett, J.-P. Chen, and L.-S. Fang. 2007. Ontogeny of swimming speed in larvae of pelagic-spawning, tropical, marine fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 349:255-267. 2007 US Pacific & Hawaii; Taiwan Aquaculture; Piscivorous Fish
Louden, D., S. Whalan, E. Evans-Illidge, C. Wolff, and R. de Nys. 2007. An assessment of the aquaculture potential of the tropical sponges Rhopaloeides odorabile and Coscinoderma sp. Aquaculture 270:57-67. 2007 Australia Aquaculture; Sponges
Loya, Y. 2007. How to influence environmental decision makers? The case of Eilat (Red Sea) coral reefs. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 344:35-53. 2007 Aquaculture
Milione, M. and C. Zeng. 2007. The effects of algal diets on population growth and egg hatching success of the tropical calanoid copepod, Acartia sinjiensis. Aquaculture 273:656-664. 2007 Cuba Algae; Aquaculture; Fish; Salinity
Morgan, S. K. and A. C. J. Vincent. 2007. The ontogeny of habitat associations in the tropical tiger tail seahorse Hippocampus comes Cantor, 1850. Journal of Fish Biology 71:701-724. 2007 Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Algae; Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fleshy Macroalgae; Seagrasses; Sponges; Stony Coral
Nakamura, M., M. A. Alam, Y. Kobayashi, and R. K. Bhandari. 2007. Role of sex hormones in sex change of grouper. Journal of Marine Science and Technology 15:23-27. 2007 Review Aquaculture; Piscivorous Fish
Palmtag, M. R. and G. J. Holt. 2007. Experimental studies to evaluate larval survival of the fire shrimp, Lysmata debelius, to the juvenile stage. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 38:102-113. 2007 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Pickering, T. D., P. Skelton, and R. J. Sulu. 2007. Intentional introductions of commercially harvested alien seaweeds. Botanica Marina 50:338-350. 2007 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Invasive Species; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Powers, M. J., C. H. Peterson, H. C. Summerson, and S. P. Powers. 2007. Macroalgal growth on bivalve aquaculture netting enhances nursery habitat for mobile invertebrates and juvenile fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 339:109-122. 2007 Algae; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fishing Sector; Marine Worms; Seagrasses
Schlacher, T. A., J. Stark, and A. B. P. Fischer. 2007. Evaluation of artificial light regimes and substrate types for aquaria propagation of the staghorn coral Acropora solitaryensis. Aquaculture 269:278-289. 2007 Global Algae; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Stony Coral; Substrate
Seaman, W. 2007. Artificial habitats and the restoration of degraded marine ecosystems and fisheries. Hydrobiologia 580:143-155. 2007 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA); Atlantic Ocean; Cuba; Pacific Ocean; Japan; Mexico Review; Field Study & Monitoring; Model Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mitigation; Nutrients; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Villareal, T. A., S. Hanson, S. Qualia, E. L. E. Jester, H. R. Granade, and R. W. Dickey. 2007. Petroleum production platforms as sites for the expansion of ciguatera in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Harmful Algae 6:253-259. 2007 Global; South & Central America; Mexico Algae; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fleshy Macroalgae; Pathogens; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Ble, M. C., R. Arfi, A. F. Yeboua, and K. J. Diopoh. 2006. Food quality of the trophic sources provided by an acadja (Ebrie lagoon, Ivory Coast, West Africa) [Qualite nutritive des sources alimentaires au sein d'un Acadja (Lagune ebrie, Cote d'Ivoire, Afrique de L'Ouest)]. Vie et Milieu 56:255-264. 2006 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Housing; Sediment
Bybee, D. R., J. H. Bailey-Brock, and C. S. Tamaru. 2006. Larval development of Sabellastarte spectabilis (Grube, 1878) (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) in Hawaiian waters. Scientia Marina 70:279-286. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Marine Worms
Cruz, R., R. Lalana, E. Perera, M. Baez-Hidalgo, and R. Adriano. 2006. Large scale assessment of recruitment for the spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, aquaculture industry. Crustaceana 79:1071-1096. 2006 Cuba Algae; Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pathogens
Dolenec, T., S. Lojen, Z. Lambasa, and M. Dolenec. 2006. Effects of fish farm loading on sea grass Posidonia oceanica at Vrgada Island (Central Adriatic): A nitrogen stable isotope study. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 42:77-85. 2006 Aquaculture; Nutrients
Dubois, S., J. A. Commito, F. Olivier, and C. Retiere. 2006. Effects of epibionts on Sabellaria alveolata (L.) biogenic reefs and their associated fauna in the Bay of Mont Saint-Michel. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 68:635-646. 2006 Europe; France Algae; Aquaculture; Bivalves; Marine Worms
EJF. 2006. Nature�s defence against Tsunamis- a report on the impact of mangrove loss and shrimp farm development on coastal defences. Environmental Justice Foundation, London, UK. 2006 Sri Lanka; India Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Aquaculture; Housing; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Seagrasses; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wetlands
Forsman, Z. H., B. Rinkevich, and C. L. Hunter. 2006. Investigating fragment size for culturing reef-building corals (Porites lobata and P. compressa) in ex situ nurseries. Aquaculture 261:89-97. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Algae; Aquaculture; Sea Urchins; Stony Coral
McDaniels, T., H. Longstaff, and H. Dowlatabadi. 2006. A value-based framework for risk management decisions involving multiple scales: a salmon aquaculture example. Environmental Science and Policy 9:423-438. 2006 Columbia Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture
Molina Dominguez, L., F. O. Ferrer, and M. I. Lopez. 2006. Coral reefs: Threats and future focusing in over-fishing, aquaculture, and educational programs. Pages 305-312 in WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment. 2006 Global Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Climate; CO2; Finfish Harvest; Invertebrates; Sponges; Stony Coral; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Mous, P. J., Y. Sadovy, A. Halim, and J. S. Pet. 2006. Capture for culture: Artificial shelters for grouper collection in SE Asia. Fish and Fisheries 7:58-72. 2006 Southeast Asia; Indonesia Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Invertebrates; Live Collection; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish
Mydlarz, L. D., L. E. Jones, and C. D. Harvell. 2006. Innate immunity, environmental drivers, and disease ecology of marine and freshwater invertebrates. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 37:251-288. 2006 Review Aquaculture; Climate; Pathogens; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Omori, M., H. Kubo, K. Kajiwara, H. Matsumoto, and A. Watanuki. 2006. Rapid recruitment of corals on top shell snail aquaculture structures. Coral Reefs 25:280. 2006 Algae; Aquaculture; Fleshy Macroalgae; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Snails & Conch; Stony Coral; Substrate
Pomeroy, R. S., J. E. Parks, and C. M. Balboa. 2006. Farming the reef: Is aquaculture a solution for reducing fishing pressure on coral reefs? Marine Policy 30:111-130. 2006 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Live Collection
Ramaiah, N. 2006. A review on fungal discases of algae, marine fishes, shrimps and corals. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 35:380-387. 2006 Global; India Review Algae; Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Pathogens
Shafir, S., J. Van Rijn, and B. Rinkevich. 2006. Steps in the construction of underwater coral nursery, an essential component in reef restoration acts. Marine Biology 149:679-687. 2006 Aquaculture; Nutrients; Stony Coral; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Tsemel, A., E. Spanier, and D. L. Angel. 2006. Benthic communities of artificial structures: Effects of mariculture in the gulf of Aqaba (Eilat) on development and bioaccumulation. Bulletin of Marine Science 78:103-113. 2006 Aquaculture; Nutrients
Villanueva, R. D., H. T. Yap, and M. N. E. Montano. 2006. Intensive fish farming in the Philippines is detrimental to the reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis. Marine Ecology Progress Series 316:165-174. 2006 Philippines Aquaculture; Nutrients; Primary Production; Sediment; Stony Coral; Substrate
Vimala, A., C. C. Rath, A. Sree, and S. Patanayak. 2006. Biodiversity and antimicrobial properties of cultivable microbial association of marine sessiler organisms of Orissa coast (Bay of Bengal). Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences 8:17-22. 2006 Aquaculture; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Pathogens; Sponges
Wakibia, J. G., J. J. Bolton, D. W. Keats, and L. M. Raitt. 2006. Factors influencing the growth rates of three commercial eucheumoids at coastal sites in southern Kenya. Journal of Applied Phycology 18:565-573. 2006 Kenya Aquaculture; Mangroves; Nutrients; Salinity
Zhang, Q., Q. Shi, G. Chen, T. C. W. Fong, D. C. C. Wong, H. Huang, H. Wang, and M. Zhao. 2006. Status monitoring and health assessment of Luhuitou fringing reef of Sanya, Hainan, China. Chinese Science Bulletin 51:81-88. 2006 China Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Sediment
Bender, K. and R. Taylor. 2005. Oil spill contingency planning in Thailand. Page 5512 in 2005 International Oil Spill Conference, IOSC 2005. 2005 Thailand Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Finfish Harvest; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Petroleum Spills; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Diamant, A., M. Ucko, I. Paperna, A. Colorni, and A. Lipshitz. 2005. Kudoa iwatai (Myxosporea: Multivalvulida) in wild and cultured fish in the red sea: Redescription and molecular phylogeny. Journal of Parasitology 91:1175-1189. 2005 US Pacific & Hawaii; Japan; Europe Aquaculture; Fish
Petersen, D., M. Hatta, M. Laterveer, and D. Van Bergen. 2005. Ex situ transportation of coral larvae for research, conservation, and aquaculture. Coral Reefs 24:510-513. 2005 South & Central America; US Pacific & Hawaii; Caribbean; Europe Aquaculture; Stony Coral
Petersen, D., M. Laterveer, and H. Schuhmacher. 2005. Innovative substrate tiles to spatially control larval settlement in coral culture. Marine Biology 146:937-942. 2005 Algae; Aquaculture; Coralline Algae; Stony Coral; Substrate
Petersen, D., M. Laterveer, and H. Schuhmacher. 2005. Spatial and temporal variation in larval settlement of reefbuilding corals in mariculture. Aquaculture 249:317-327. 2005 Cuba Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Aquaculture; Coralline Algae; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Stony Coral; Substrate; Turf Algae
Powell, B. and M. Martens. 2005. A review of acid sulfate soil impacts, actions and policies that impact on water quality in Great Barrier Reef catchments, including a case study on remediation at East Trinity. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:149-164. 2005 Australia Review; GIS & Maps Agriculture; Aquaculture; Cyanobacteria; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Docks & Marinas; Fish; Microorganisms; Remediation; Wetlands
Rinkevich, B. 2005. Conservation of coral reefs through active restoration measures: Recent approaches and last decade progress. Environmental Science and Technology 39:4333-4342. 2005 Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Substrate; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Rinkevich, B. 2005. Nutrient enrichment and coral reproduction between truth and repose (a critique of Loya et al.). Marine Pollution Bulletin 50:111-113. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Nutrients; Stony Coral
SeafoodWatch. 2005. Sustainable Seafood Business Practices. Monteray Bay. 2005 Global Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Marine Birds; Marine Debris; Sea Turtles; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Shaughnessy, P. D., T. E. Dennis, and P. G. Seager. 2005. Status of Australian sea lions, Neophoca cinerea, and New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, on Eyre Peninsula and the far west coast of South Australia. Wildlife Research 32:85-101. 2005 Australia Aquaculture; Marine Protected Areas
Villanueva, R. D., Yap, Helen T., Montano, Marco Nemesio E. 2005. Survivorship of coral juveniles in a fish farm environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 51:580-589. 2005 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Aquaculture; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Nutrients; Sediment; Stony Coral
Watanabe, K. and A. Nakamura. 2005. A design of tiny basin test-bed for AUV multi agent. in Proceedings of MTS/IEEE OCEANS, 2005. 2005 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Waterborne Discharges
Wolcott, R. and C. G. Messing. 2005. A comparison of diets and water agitation methods for larval culture of the edible sea urchin, Tripneustes ventricosus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). Bulletin of Marine Science 77:177-190. 2005 South & Central America; Caribbean Aquaculture; Echinoderms; Remediation; Sea Urchins
Beck, M. W., T. D. Marsh, S. E. Reisewitz, and M. L. Bortman. 2004. New tools for marine conservation: The leasing and ownership of submerged lands. Conservation Biology 18:1214-1223. 2004 Review; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Bivalves; Seagrasses; Sponges
Kolian, S. and A. Walker. 2004. Louisiana is losing critical reef habitat and job opportunities. Sea Technology 45:31-34. 2004 Agriculture; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Complex Habitat & Resources; Fish; Fishing Sector; Oil & Gas Rigs; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Pipelines; Tourism & Recreation
Lafferty, K. D., J. W. Porter, and S. E. Ford. 2004. Are diseases increasing in the ocean? Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 35:31-54. 2004 Global; South & Central America; Caribbean Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Climate; Finfish Harvest; Molluscs; Pathogens; Sea Urchins
Loker, E. S., C. M. Adema, S.-M. Zhang, and T. B. Kepler. 2004. Invertebrate immune systems - Not homogeneous, not simple, not well understood. Immunological Reviews 198:24-Oct. 2004 Model Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Pathogens; Sea Urchins; Sponges; Tunicates
Loya, Y. 2004. Coral Reef Health and Diease. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 2004 Review Aquaculture; Discharges; Nutrients; Petroleum Spills; Stony Coral
Loya, Y., H. Lubinevsky, M. Rosenfeld, and E. Kramarsky-Winter. 2004. Nutrient enrichment caused by in situ fish farms at Eilat, Red Sea is detrimental to coral reproduction. Marine Pollution Bulletin 49:344-353. 2004 Aquaculture; Nutrients
Ogata, H. Y., A. C. Emata, E. S. Garibay, and H. Furuita. 2004. Fatty acid composition of five candidate aquaculture species in Central Philippines. Aquaculture 236:361-375. 2004 Philippines Aquaculture; Fish; Mangroves; Piscivorous Fish
Prioli, G. 2004. Shellfish farming: Technologies and production. Veterinary Research Communications 28:51-56. 2004 Aquaculture
Smith, J. E., C. L. Hunter, E. J. Conklin, R. Most, T. Sauvage, C. Squair, and C. M. Smith. 2004. Ecology of the invasive red alga Gracilaria salicornia (Rhodophyta) on O'ahu, Hawai'i. Pacific Science 58:325-343. 2004 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Algae; Aquaculture; Invasive Species; Salinity; Social Organizations
Tibbetts, J. 2004. The state of the oceans, part 1: eating away at a global food source. Environmental Health Perspectives 112:A282-A291. 2004 Global Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Pathogens
Vagelli, A. A. 2004. Significant increase in survival of captive-bred juvenile Banggai cardinalfish Pterapogon kauderni with an essential fatty acid-enriched diet. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 35:61-69. 2004 Indonesia Aquaculture; Fish
Watanabe, K., K. Sugiyama, and A. Nakamura. 2004. A concept of distributed compact AUV groups for the continuous monitoring of coastal sea environment. Pages 511-516 in Ocean '04 - MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04: Bridges across the Oceans - Conference Proceedings. 2004 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Small Boats; Waterborne Discharges
Zhang, J., L. Huang, and H. Huo. 2004. Larval identification of Lutjanus Bloch in Nansha coral reefs by AFLP molecular method. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 298:20-Mar. 2004 Southeast Asia; China Aquaculture; Fish; Fishing Sector
Zhu, B., G. Wang, B. Huang, and C. K. Tseng. 2004. Effects of temperature, hypoxia, ammonia and nitrate on the bleaching among three coral species. Chinese Science Bulletin 49:1923-1928. 2004 Global Algae; Aquaculture; Light; Pathogens; Stony Coral; Zooxanthellae
Bongiorni, L., S. Shafir, and B. Rinkevich. 2003. Effects of particulate matter released by a fish farm (Eilat, Red Sea) on survival and growth of Stylophora pistillata coral nubbins. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46:1120-1124. 2003 Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Nutrients; Stony Coral
Bongiorni, L., S. Shafir, D. Angel, and B. Rinkevich. 2003. Survival, growth and gonad development of two hermatypic corals subjected to in situ fish-farm nutrient enrichment. Marine Ecology Progress Series 253:137-144. 2003 Aquaculture; Nutrients; Stony Coral
Calado, R., J. Lin, A. L. Rhyne, R. Araujo, and L. Narciso. 2003. Marine ornamental decapods - Popular, pricey, and poorly studied. Journal of Crustacean Biology 23:963-973. 2003 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Seastars
Castanaro, J. and H. R. Lasker. 2003. Colony growth responses of the Caribbean octocoral, Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae, to harvesting. Invertebrate Biology 122:299-307. 2003 South & Central America; Bahamas; Caribbean Aquaculture; Octocoral; Storms & Hurricanes
Dubois, S., L. Barille, and C. Retiere. 2003. Efficiency of particle retention and clearance rate in the polychaete Sabellaria alveolata L. Comptes Rendus - Biologies 326:413-421. 2003 France Algae; Aquaculture; Marine Worms
Dzikowski, R., I. Paperna, and A. Diamant. 2003. Multi-annual changes in the parasite communities of rabbitfish Siganus rivulatus (Siganidae) in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Helgoland Marine Research 57:228-235. 2003 Index or Indicator Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Fish; Marine Worms
Epstein, N., R. P. M. Bak, and B. Rinkevich. 2003. Applying forest restoration principles to coral reef rehabilitation. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 13:387-395. 2003 Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Ho, K. T., A. Kuhn, R. M. Burgess, M. Pelletier, D. G. McGovern, J. Charles, and L. Patton. 2003. Use of marine toxicity identification and evaluation methods in determining causes of toxicity to fish in a marine aquarium facility. North American Journal of Aquaculture 65:14-20. 2003 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Loya, Y. and E. Kramarsky-Winter. 2003. In situ eutrophication caused by fish farms in the nothern Gulf of Eilat (Aqaba) is benificial for its coral reefs: A critique. Marine Ecology Progress Series 261:299-303. 2003 Aquaculture; Nutrients
McDonald, J. I., K. A. McGuinness, and J. N. A. Hooper. 2003. Influence of re-orientation on alignment to flow and tissue production in a Spongia sp. (Porifera:Demospongiae:Dictyoceratida). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 296:13-22. 2003 Aquaculture; Seawater Flow; Sponges
Moberg, F. and P. Ronnback. 2003. Ecosystem services of the tropical seascape: Interactions, substitutions and restoration. Ocean and Coastal Management 46:27-46. 2003 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Phillips, B. F., R. Melville-Smith, and Y. W. Cheng. 2003. Estimating the effects of removing Panulirus cygnus pueruli on the fishery stock. Fisheries Research 65:89-101. 2003 Australia Model Aquaculture; Complex Habitat & Resources; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Sonnenschein, L. and M. Lopata. 2003. Public understanding: Applying models to solving real problems. Page 2277 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 2003 Model Agriculture; Aquaculture
Angel, D. L. and E. Spanier. 2002. An application of artificial reefs to reduce organic enrichment caused by net-cage fish farming: Preliminary results. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59. 2002 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Invertebrates; Sediment; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tunicates
Angel, D. L., N. Eden, S. Breitstein, A. Yurman, T. Katz, and E. Spanier. 2002. In situ biofiltration: A means to limit the dispersal of effluents from marine finfish cage aquaculture. Hydrobiologia 469:10-Jan. 2002 Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Marine Worms; Nutrients; Plankton; Sea Urchins; Sediment; Sponges; Tunicates
Erftemeijer, P. L. 2002. A new technique for rapid assessment of mangrove degradation: A case study of shrimp farm encroachment in Thailand. Pages 204-208 in Trees - Structure and Function. 2002 Thailand Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Agriculture; Aquaculture; Forestry; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2002. State of the world fisheries and aquaculture. Rome. 2002 Aquaculture; Fishing Sector
Grutter, A. S. and R. J. G. Lester. 2002. Cleaner fish Labroides dimidiatus reduce 'temporary' parasitic corallanid isopods on the coral reef fish Hemigymnus melapterus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 234:247-255. 2002 Australia Aquaculture
Kuhlmann, K.-J. 2002. Evaluations of marine reserves as basis to develop alternative livelihoods in coastal areas of the Philippines. Aquaculture International 10:527-549. 2002 Philippines Field Study & Monitoring; Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Echinoderms; Fish; Mangroves; Resource Use Management; Stony Coral; Substrate; Tourism & Recreation
Salvat, B. and A. Aubanel. 2002. The management of coral reefs of French Polynesia [La gestion des recifs coralliens de Polynesie francaise]. Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) 57:193-251. 2002 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; France Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Aquaculture; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Echinoderms; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Molluscs; Nutrients; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation
van Dam, A. A., M. C. M. Beveridge, M. E. Azim, and M. C. J. Verdegem. 2002. The potential of fish production based on periphyton. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 12:31-Jan. 2002 Review; Model Algae; Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Plankton; Substrate; Supplemental Feeding
Bingham, B. L. 2001. Biology of mangroves and mangrove ecosystems. Advances in Marine Biology 40:81-251. 2001 Global Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Algae; Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Irrigation; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Plankton; Salinity; Seagrasses; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation
Cates, J. R., J. S. Corbin, J. Crawford, and C. E. Helsley. 2001. Aquaculture: Beyond the reef. Sea Technology 42:15-Oct. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquaculture
Daw, T. M., G. C. C. Rogers, P. Mapson, and J. E. Kynoch. 2001. Structure and management issues of the emerging ornamental fish trade in Eritrea. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:53-64. 2001 Review; Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Collaboration & Partnering; Corallivorous Fish; Small Herbivorous Fish
Delbeek, J. C. 2001. Coral farming: Past, present and future trends. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:171-181. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii; Europe Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Stony Coral
Epstein, N., R. P. M. Bak, and B. Rinkevich. 2001. Strategies for gardening denuded coral reef areas: The applicability of using different types of coral material for reef restoration. Restoration Ecology 9:432-442. 2001 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Stony Coral; Tourism & Recreation; Wetland & Reef Restoration
Halim, A. 2001. Grouper culture: An option for grouper management in Indonesia. Coastal Management 29:319-326. 2001 Indonesia Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Live Collection; Piscivorous Fish
Jones, R. J. 2001. The status of seabird colonies on the Cook Islands atoll of Suwarrow. Bird Conservation International 11:309-318. 2001 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Pacific Ocean; Cook Islands Aquaculture; Marine Birds
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. 2001. Fisheries of the United States 2000. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. 2001 Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Ogawa, T. and C. L. Brown. 2001. Ornamental reef fish aquaculture and collection in Hawaii. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:151-169. 2001 US Pacific & Hawaii Review Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
Ostrowski, A. C. and C. W. Laidley. 2001. Application of marine foodfish techniques in marine ornamental aquaculture: Reproduction and larval first feeding. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:191-204. 2001 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
Petersen, D. and R. Tollrian. 2001. Methods to enhance sexual recruitment for restoration of damaged reefs. Bulletin of Marine Science 69:989-1000. 2001 Florida Lab Study Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Collaboration & Partnering; Sediment; Stony Coral
Price, A. R. 2001. The marine food chain in relation to biodiversity. TheScientificWorldJournal 1:579-587. 2001 Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector
Rubec, P. J., V. R. Pratt, and F. Cruz. 2001. Territorial use rights in fisheries to manage areas for farming coral reef fish and invertebrates for the aquarium trade. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:119-134. 2001 Southeast Asia; Philippines Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Resource Use Management
Wood, E. 2001. Global advances in conservation and management of marine ornamental resources. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 3:65-77. 2001 Global Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing Sector
Baticados, D. B. and R. F. Agbayani. 2000. Co-management in marine fisheries in Malalison Island, central Philippines. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 7:343-355. 2000 Southeast Asia; Philippines Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector
Bullard, S. A., G. W. Benz, R. M. Overstreet, E. H. Williams Jr., and J. Hemdal. 2000. Six new host records and an updated list of wild hosts for Neobenedenia melleni (MacCallum) (Monogenea: Capsalidae). Comparative Parasitology 67:190-196. 2000 South & Central America; Florida; Puerto Rico; India; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study Aquaculture; Corallivorous Fish; Fish; Piscivorous Fish
Carbone, F. and G. Accordi. 2000. The Indian Ocean Coast of Somalia. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41:141-159. 2000 Indian Ocean; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; India Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Protected Areas; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Sediment; Substrate
Chapman, F. A. 2000. Ornamental fish culture, freshwater. Pages 602-610 in Stickney, R. R., editor. Encyclopedia of aquaculture. John Wiley & Sons, York, NY. 2000 Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Fish
Cooke, A., O. Ratomahenina, E. Ranaivoson, and H. Razafindrainibe. 2000. Madagascar. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 113-131. 2000 Mozambique; Madagascar Field Study & Monitoring; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Nutrients; Sediment; Special Use Permitting
Diamant, A., A. Banet, M. Ucko, A. Colorni, W. Knibb, and H. Kvitt. 2000. Mycobacteriosis in wild rabbitfish Siganus rivulatus associated with cage farming in the Gulf of Eilat, Red Sea. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 39:211-219. 2000 Agriculture; Aquaculture; Fish; Pathogens
Edinger, E. and D. R. Browne. 2000. Continental seas of western Indonesia. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 381-404. 2000 Southeast Asia; China; Java; Indonesia Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Climate; Deforestation & Devegetation; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Forestry; Housing; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Littering; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Non-point Source Runoff; Nutrients; Sea Turtles; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Solid Waste Disposal; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Faulkner, D. J. 2000. Marine pharmacology. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 77:135-145. 2000 Review Aquaculture; Biotechnology Research & Development; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Harborne, A. R., M. D. McField, and E. K. Delaney. 2000. Belize. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 1 501-516. 2000 South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Caribbean; Mexico Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Aquaculture; Coastal Development; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives; Light; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Non-point Source Runoff; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Sediment; Snails & Conch; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation
Hardman-Mountford, N. J., K. A. Koranteng, and A. R. G. Price. 2000. The Gulf of Guinea Large Marine Ecosystem. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 1 773-796. 2000 Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Climate; Fish; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Non-point Source Runoff; Salinity; Solid Waste Disposal; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Whales & Dolphins
Jeng, W.-L., C.-F. Dai, and K.-L. Fan. 2000. Taiwan Strait. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 499-512. 2000 China; Taiwan Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Non-point Source Runoff; Seawater Flow; Stony Coral; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Wastewater Discharge; Water Depth & Sea Level; Wetlands
Labrosse, P., R. Fichez, R. Farman, and T. Adams. 2000. New Caledonia. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 723-736. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; New Caledonia; Europe; France Agriculture; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Commercial Fishing Boats; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Sea Turtles; Special Use Permitting; Valuation
Lecaillon, G., V. Dufour, and P. Lenfant. 2000. Coral reef fisheries. Oceanis 26:543-569. 2000 Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Molluscs; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Tourism & Recreation
Maragos, J. E. 2000. Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 791-812. 2000 US Pacific & Hawaii Field Study & Monitoring Agriculture; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Beaches & Nature Parks; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Environmental Education & Outreach; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Golf Course Operations; Hotel & Food Services; Invasive Species; Marine Birds; Marine Debris; Marine Protected Areas; Military; Pathogens; Recreational Fishing; Scientific Research; Sea Turtles; Sediment; Special Use Permitting; Storms & Hurricanes; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands
Nhan, D. D., N. X. Duc, D. H. Duong, N. T. Tiep, and B. C. Que. 2000. Vietnam and adjacent Bien Dong (South China Sea). Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 561-568. 2000 China; Vietnam Agriculture; Algae; Aquaculture; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Non-point Source Runoff; Plankton; Salinity
Rao, D. V. S. 2000. The Bay of Bengal. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 269-284. 2000 Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Mitigation; Special Use Permitting; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Rice, M. A., A. Valliere, and A. Caporelli. 2000. A review of shellfish restoration and management projects in Rhode Island. Journal of Shellfish Research 19:401-408. 2000 Review Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Bivalves; Commercial Fisheries; Docks & Marinas; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Petroleum Spills; Ports & Harbors; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Wong, P. P. 2000. Malacca Strait including Singapore and Johore Straits. Seas at the millennium - an environmental evaluation - Volume 2 331-344. 2000 Thailand; Malaysia; Southeast Asia; Indonesia Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Commercial Fisheries; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Hotel & Food Services; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Protected Areas; Nutrients; Seagrasses; Sediment; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Solid Waste Disposal; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Waterborne Discharges; Wetlands
Bell, J. D. and M. Gervis. 1999. New species for coastal aquaculture in the tropical Pacific - constraints, prospects and considerations. Aquaculture International 7:207-223. 1999 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia Algae; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Echinoderms; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Pathogens; Piscivorous Fish; Snails & Conch; Sponges
Bennett, S. M. 1999. Egg development, hatching and early life-history of Dissonus manteri (Copepoda), parasitic on the gills of coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus. International Journal for Parasitology 29:267-274. 1999 Aquaculture
Day, J. G., E. E. Benson, and R. A. Fleck. 1999. In vitro culture and conservation of microalgae: Applications for aquaculture, biotechnology and environmental research. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant 35:127-136. 1999 Review; Index or Indicator Algae; Aquaculture; Biotechnology Research & Development; Cyanobacteria; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Microorganisms
Diamant, A., A. Banet, I. Paperna, H. V. Westernhagen, K. Broeg, G. Kruener, W. Koerting, and S. Zander. 1999. The use of fish metabolic, pathological and parasitological indices in pollution monitoring II. The Red Sea and Mediterranean. Helgoland Marine Research 53:195-208. 1999 Field Study & Monitoring; Model; Index or Indicator Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Fish
Heyman, W. D. and B. Kjerfve. 1999. Hydrological and oceanographic considerations for integrated coastal zone management in Southern Belize. Environmental Management 24:229-245. 1999 South & Central America; Belize; Honduras; Caribbean Model Agriculture; Aquaculture; Discharges; Landscape Conservation & Restoration; Mangroves; Seagrasses
Newnham, R. E. 1999. ECerS Plenary Address: Ceramics into next millennium. British Ceramic Transactions 98:251-255. 1999 Global Aquaculture; Irrigation
Ronnback, P. 1999. The ecological basis for economic value of seafood production supported by mangrove ecosystems. Ecological Economics 29:235-252. 1999 Review Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Molluscs; Monetary Valuation; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Seagrasses
Smith, C. M. and L. J. Walters. 1999. Fragmentation as a strategy for Caulerpa species: Fates of fragments and implications for management of an invasive weed. Marine Ecology 20:307-319. 1999 Field Study & Monitoring Algae; Aquaculture; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invasive Species; Seagrasses
[No author name available]. 1998. Food from the sea: Living marine resources. Sea Technology 39:43-47. 1998 Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Monetary Valuation; Wetlands
Carr Mark, H., E. Forrester Graham, and V. McGinnis Michael. 1998. Decommissioning of offshore oil and gas facilities: Contrasts between southern California and the Gulf of Mexico and implications for ecological research. Page 1383 in Proceedings of the Conference on California and the World Ocean. 1998 South & Central America; Mexico Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Recreational Fishing; Tourism & Recreation
Debitus, C., G. Guella, I. Mancini, J. Waikedre, J.-P. Guemas, J. L. Nicolas, and F. Pietra. 1998. Quinolones from a bacterium and tyrosine metabolites from its host sponge, Suberea creba from the Coral Sea. Journal of Marine Biotechnology 6:136-141. 1998 New Caledonia Aquaculture; Sponges
Fouda, M. M., G. V. Hermosa Jr., and S. M. Al-Harthi. 1998. Status of fish biodiversity in the Sultanate of Oman. Italian Journal of Zoology 65:521-525. 1998 US Pacific & Hawaii; Oman Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Special Use Permitting
Gateno, D., Y. Barki, and B. Rinkevich. 1998. Aquarium maintenance of reef octocorals raised from field collected larvae. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation 2:227-236. 1998 Field Study & Monitoring; Lab Study; Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Octocoral; Skeletal Coral
Hong, S.-W., M. Okamoto, T. Imai, and S. Fuwa. 1998. Studies on the school behavior of fish around a submerged artificial plant. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi (Japanese Edition) 64:966-974. 1998 Aquaculture; Fish
NEPA. 1998. MARICULTURE DRAFT POLICY AND REGULATION NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION AUTHORITY COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT DIVISION. National Environment & Planning agency. 1998 Decision Support Frameworks & Tools Aquaculture; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Special Use Permitting; Wetlands
Pugliese, R. 1998. Final habitat plan for the South Atlantic Region. South Atlantic Fishery Management Council, Charleston, SC. 1998 Florida; US East Coast (NC, SC, GA) Field Study & Monitoring; Model Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Agriculture; Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Finfish Harvest; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Invertebrate Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Nutrients; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Piscivorous Fish; Recreational Fishing; Seagrasses; Special Use Permitting; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Sassi, R., F. Souissi, N. Soussi, F. Baccar, A. Added, A. Charef, and S. Abdeljaoued. 1998. Environmental diagnosis of the northern part of the Bay of Monastir (eastern Tunisia) from the geochemistry of superficial sediments [Diagnostic environnemental du nord de la Baie de Monastir (Tunisie orientale) par l'etude geochimique des sediments su. Bulletin des Laboratoires des Ponts et Chaussees 218:49-58. 1998 Aquaculture; Discharges; Light; Sediment; Wastewater Discharge
Duckworth, A. R., C. N. Battershill, and P. R. Bergquist. 1997. Influence of explant procedures and environmental factors on culture success of three sponges. Aquaculture 156:251-267. 1997 Aquaculture; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Sponges
Foyle, T. P., J. D. Bell, M. Gervis, and I. Lane. 1997. Survival and growth of juvenile fluted giant clams, Tridacna squamosa, in large-scale grow-out trials in the Solomon Islands. Aquaculture 148:85-104. 1997 Solomon Islands Aquaculture; Housing; Seawater Flow
Ganzon-Fortes, E. T. 1997. Influence of tidal location on morphology, photosynthesis and pigments of the agarophyte, Gelidiella acerosa, from Northern Philippines. Journal of Applied Phycology 9:525-532. 1997 Philippines Aquaculture; Light; Primary Production
Makoloweka, S. and K. Shurcliff. 1997. Coastal management in Tanga, Tanzania: A decentralized community-based approach. Ocean and Coastal Management 37:349-357. 1997 Indian Ocean; Tanzania; India Aquaculture; Collaboration & Partnering; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Landuse Management; Mangroves
Okamoto, MI NE O, NA OY UK I Takatsu, and WA TA RU Koterayama. 1997. Development of an offshore type submersible platform for mariculture. Pages 69-76 in Proceedings of the International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering - OMAE. 1997 Japan Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products
Pickering, H. and D. Whitmarsh. 1997. Artificial reefs and fisheries exploitation: A review of the 'attraction versus production' debate, the influence of design and its significance for policy. Fisheries Research 31:39-59. 1997 Review Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
Zhang, D., J. Lin, and R. L. Creswell. 1997. Larviculture and effect of food on larval survival and development in golden coral shrimp Stenopus scutellatus. Journal of Shellfish Research 16:367-369. 1997 Lab Study Aquaculture; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp
[No author name available]. 1996. ReefBase. ReefBase. 1996 Philippines GIS & Maps Aquaculture; Cultural Policies; Cultural Protections; Fish; Fishing Sector; Tourism & Recreation
Amar, E. C., R. M. T. Cheong, and M. V. T. Cheong. 1996. Small-scale fisheries of coral reefs and the need for community-based resource management in Malalison Island, Philippines. Fisheries Research 25:265-277. 1996 Philippines Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Piscivorous Fish; Resource Use Management; Small Herbivorous Fish; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Clark, J. R. 1996. Coastal zone management handbook. Coastal zone management handbook. 1996 Global; South & Central America; Australia; Indian Ocean; India; Caribbean Agriculture; Aquaculture; Mangroves; Monetary Valuation; Tourism & Recreation
Albertelli, G., G. Bavestrello, R. Cattaneo-Vietti, E. Olivari, and M. Petrillo. 1995. Artificial habitats for rearing slow-growing marine invertebrates. Pages 455-463 in Coastal ocean space utilization III. Proc. symposium, Genoa, 1993. 1995 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Substrate
Benzie, J. A. H. and S. T. Williams. 1995. Gene flow among giant clam (Tridacna gigas) populations in Pacific does not parallel ocean circulation. Marine Biology 123:781-787. 1995 US Pacific & Hawaii; Australia; Solomon Islands; Marshall Islands; Kiribati Aquaculture
Guiral, D., N. Gourbault, and M. N. Helleouet. 1995. Sediment nature and meiobenthos of an artificial reef (Acadja) used for extensive aquaculture. Oceanologica Acta 18:543-555. 1995 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Sediment
Pollnac Richard, B. and W. McManus John. 1995. Human factors in a coral reef database. Pages 100-101 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1995 Global Index or Indicator Agriculture; Aquaculture; Cultural Policies; Deforestation & Devegetation; Finfish Harvest; Natural Gas & Electric Power
Lobban, C. S. and P. J. Harrison. 1994. Seaweed ecology and physiology. Seaweed ecology and physiology. 1994 Review Algae; Aquaculture; Nutrients; Primary Production; Salinity; Seagrasses
Pernetta, J. 1994. Facing up to sea rise. People & the planet / IPPF, UNFPA, IUCN 3:11-Oct. 1994 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii; Indian Ocean; India Agriculture; Aquaculture; Climate; Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Richards, A. H., L. J. Bell, and J. D. Bell. 1994. Inshore fisheries resources of Solomon Islands. Marine Pollution Bulletin 29:90-98. 1994 Solomon Islands Aquaculture; Echinoderms; Fish; Fishing Sector; Snails & Conch; Special Use Permitting
Salm, R. 1994. Coral's hidden riches. People & the planet / IPPF, UNFPA, IUCN 3:19-21. 1994 Indian Ocean; India Model Aquaculture; Docks & Marinas; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Forestry; Hotel & Food Services; Housing; Mangroves; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Shoreline Protection; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Hallegraeff, G. M. 1993. A review of harmful algal blooms and their apparent global increase. Phycologia 32:79-99. 1993 Global; US Pacific & Hawaii Review Aquaculture; Ballast Discharge; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fishing Sector; Nutrients; Plankton; Tourism & Recreation
Pirazzoli, P. A. 1993. Coasts: their evolution [Les littoraux: leur evolution]. (Coasts: their evolution. 1993 Global Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Finfish Harvest; Tourism & Recreation; Water Depth & Sea Level
Carlton, J. T. 1992. Dispersal of living organisms into aquatic ecosystems: The mechanisms of dispersal as mediated by aquaculture and fisheries activities. Pages 13-45 in A. Rosenfield;R. Mann, editor. Dispersal of Living Organisms into Aquatic Ecosystems. The University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland. 1992 Aquaculture; Fishing Sector
Paw, J. N. and T.-E. Chua. 1991. Managing coastal resources in Cilacap, Indonesia, and Lingayen Gulf, Philippines - an ASEAN initiative. Marine Pollution Bulletin 23:779-783. 1991 Java; Indonesia; Philippines Agriculture; Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Chemical Use Regulations; Fertilizer & Pesticide Use; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fishing Sector; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Mining; Non-point Source Runoff; Seagrasses; Sediment; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Pearson, R. G. and J. L. Munro. 1991. Growth, mortality and recruitment rates of giant clams, Tridacna gigas and T. derasa, at Michaelmas Reef, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 42:241-262. 1991 Australia Aquaculture
Zilioli, E. 1991. Remote sensing activities in the Pacific. Earth Observation Quarterly 34:9-Jul. 1991 US Pacific & Hawaii GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Aquaculture; Fishing Sector
Azanza-Corrales, R. and P. Sa-a. 1990. The farmed Eucheuma species (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) in Danajon Reef, Philippines: carrageenan properties. Hydrobiologia 521-525. 1990 Philippines Aquaculture
Linden, O. 1990. Human impact on tropical coastal zones. Nature and Resources 26:3-11. 1990 Aquaculture; Mangroves
Rapaport, M. 1990. Population pressure on coral atolls: trends and approaching limits. Atoll Research Bulletin 1990 Model Aquaculture; Commercial Fisheries; Fishing Sector; Skeletal Coral; Tourism & Recreation
Wolanski, E., Y. Mazda, B. King, and S. Gay. 1990. Dynamics, flushing and trapping in Hinchinbrook channel, a giant mangrove swamp, Australia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 31:555-579. 1990 Australia Field Study & Monitoring; Model Aquaculture; Discharges; Mangroves; Surface & Groundwater Flow
Bombace, G. 1989. Artificial reefs in the Mediterranean Sea. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:1023-1032. 1989 France Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Grove, R. S., C. J. Sonu, and M. Nakamura. 1989. Recent Japanese trends in fishing reef design and planning. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:984-996. 1989 Japan Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest
Hinrichsen, D. 1989. Coping with pollution in Indonesia. Earthwatch 35:8-Jun. 1989 Indonesia Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Finfish Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Microorganisms; Sediment; Special Use Permitting; Wastewater Discharge
Katz, A. 1989. Coastal resource management in Belize: potentials and problems. Ambio 18:139-141. 1989 South & Central America; Belize Aquaculture; Finfish Harvest; Resource Use Management; Tourism & Recreation
Woodley Jeremy, D. and R. Clark John. 1989. Rehabilitation of degraded coral reefs. Pages 3059-3075 in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1989 Review Algae; Aquaculture; Marine Protected Areas; Mitigation
Sekita, K., H. Okubo, H. Kiura, V. Takahashi, and K. Masuda. 1988. Model test and field survey of a floating artificial reef moored by new parallel wire cable. Pages 553-560 in IN: OTC '88 PROC. TWENTIETH ANNUAL OFFSHORE TECHNOL. CONF., (HOUSTON, U.S.A.: MAY 2-5, 1988). 1988 Japan Field Study & Monitoring; Model Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Water Depth & Sea Level
Wicklund Robert, I. 1988. Field research programs at the Caribbean Marine Research Center - national undersea research program. Pages 119-122 in [No source information available]. 1988 South & Central America; Caribbean Field Study & Monitoring Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Fish; Piscivorous Fish; Snails & Conch
Driessen Paul, K. 1987. Oil Rigs: Biology, Mariculture, Drilling Muds, Rigs-To-Reefs. Pages 3605-3620 in [No source information available]. 1987 South & Central America; Mexico Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Finfish Harvest; Oil & Gas Rigs; Substrate
Thia-Eng, CH UA and N. Paw James. 1987. Aquaculture Development And Coastal Zone Management In Southeast Asia: Conflicts And Complementary. Pages 2007-2021 in [No source information available]. 1987 Southeast Asia Review Agriculture; Aquaculture; Mangroves
Beavis, A. and R. Charlier. 1986. Site selection studies for land-based OTEC power plants. in [No source information available]. 1986 Algae; Aquaculture
Driessen Paul, K. 1986. Offshore Oil Platforms: An Invaluable Ecological Resource. Pages 516-521 in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE). 1986 South & Central America; Mexico Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Commercial Fisheries; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Oil & Gas Rigs; Substrate
Side, J. 1985. Alternative uses of offshore installations. in [No source information available]. 1985 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Funding & Donations; Funding & Incentives
Bunt, J. S. 1984. Australian tropical marine ecosystems. Pages 125-145 Northern Australia. 1984 Australia Aquaculture; Mangroves
Heslinga, G. A., F. E. Perron, and O. Orak. 1984. Mass culture of giant clams (F. Tridacnidae) in Palau. Aquaculture 39:197-215. 1984 US Pacific & Hawaii; Palau; Micronesia; Guam; Europe Aquaculture; Plankton; Shipping, Storage, & Warehousing; Substrate
Polunin, N. V. C. 1983. Marine 'genetic resources' and the potential role of protected areas in conserving them. Environmental Conservation 10:31-41. 1983 Review Aquaculture; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Fishing Sector; Marine Protected Areas; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources
Bina Ricardo, T. and P. Reyes Geronimo. 1982. Mapping And Inventory Of Coral Reef Lagoons As Potential Mariculture Sites Using Sandsat Data. Page 879 in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment. 1982 GIS & Maps; Remote Sensing Aquaculture; Environmental Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research
Bird, E. C. F. 1982. The management of coastal resources in tropical Australia. Pages 77-84 Man, Land and Sea. 1982 Australia Agriculture; Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Mangroves; Tourism & Recreation
Brawley, S. H. and W. H. Adey. 1981. The effect of micrograzers on algal community structure in a coral reef microcosm. Marine Biology 61:167-177. 1981 Algae; Aquaculture; Fish
[No author name available]. 1975. Power Plus Proteins From The Sea. Energy Dig 4:21-24. 1975 Mauritius; United Kingdom Aquaculture; Discharges; Shoreline Protection
Waldichuk, M. 1974. Coastal marine pollution and fish. Ocean Management 2:Jan-60. 1974 Aquaculture; Artificial Habitat; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Fishing Sector; Mitigation; Molluscs; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waste Management Policies; Waterborne Discharges
Gundersen, K. and P. Bienfang. 1972. Thermal Pollution: Use Of Deep, Cold, Nutrient Rich Sea Water For Power Plant Cooling And Subsequent Aquaculture In Hawaii [Marine Pollution And Sea Life]. Pages 513-516 FISHING NEWS. 1972 US Pacific & Hawaii Aquaculture; Beaches & Nature Parks; Discharges; Finfish Harvest; Light; Natural Gas & Electric Power; Nutrients; Primary Production; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Waterborne Discharges
Williams, K. C. A review of feeding practices and nutritional requirements of postlarval groupers. Aquaculture US Pacific & Hawaii Review Aquaculture; Fishing Sector; Live Collection; Piscivorous Fish

Management Options

Management Option Description Sources Database Topics
Agriculture & Aquaculture: Bivalve Aquaculture Biofouling Control These management options reduce, clean or remove biofouling organisms and other waste from bivalve production areas while minimizing environmental risk. Aquaculture shellfish production requires adequate food availability and water of dependable quantity and quality. Aquaculture operations and gear must have a minimal adverse impact on the surrounding water, plant, animal and human resources. Biofouling is detrimental to shellfish production, increasing exposure to pathogens, reducing the available food stuffs, and increasing organic loading. Only environmentally appropriate biofoul control methods should be used, and fouling organisms and algae should be disposed of appropriately to avoid local degradation. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. Conservation Practice Standard: Bivalve Aquaculture Gear and Biofouling Control. CODE 400, USDA.

Algae; Aquaculture; Arthropods; Artificial Habitat; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Bivalves; Chemical Variables; Discharge Limitations; Domestic Animal Waste; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Improved Technology; Invertebrate Harvest; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Non-point Source Controls; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Octopus & Squid; Point & Mobile Source Controls; Snails & Conch; Supplemental Feeding
Corporate Response: Standardized Environmental Certifications and Labels Product labeling initiatives are based on the premise that product information represented by or contained on the label is otherwise not readily available (or apparent) and is of value in consumer purchase decisions. For example, warning labels highlight product safety and toxic exposure hazards and advise consumers on ways to minimize risks. Likewise, a number of environmental certification programs (ECPs) identify products' environmental burdens and/or set standards for products' environmental attributes. Properly designed environmental labeling efforts can change consumer and manufacturer attitudes and behaviors, thus reducing environmental burdens. The specific metrics used to measure environmental label effectiveness include: 1) consumer awareness of labels, 2) consumer acceptance of labels (credibility and understanding), 3) changes in consumer behavior, 4) changes in manufacturer behavior, and 5) improvement of end goals, such as environmental quality. Malcohn, E., Bentham Paulos, Andrew Stoeckle, Herbert Han-Pu Wang, and Julie Lynch. Determinants of Effectiveness for Environmental Certification and Labeling Programs. EPA-742-R-94-001, US EPA, Washington, DC.

Agriculture; Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Aquaculture; Banks, Credit, & Securities; Climate; CO2; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Corporate Responses; Economic Markets & Policies; Environmental Education & Outreach; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Food, Beverage, & Tobacco Products; Forestry; Health; Manufacturing & Trade; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Marine Birds; Medical Care; Medical Centers; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Resource Use Management; Toxics; Transportation; Utilities; Whales & Dolphins; Wholesale & Retail Trade; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products
Economic Markets & Policy: Regulate International Trade of Reef Species Many coral reef species are harvested internationally for a variety of markets including the aquarium trade, food, curios, jewelry and pharmaceuticals. The US is the largest importer for many of these markets. The US strictly limits extraction of stony coral and many reef species in its waters; but as a major importer and consumer of coral reef species, more actions can be taken to decrease the demand on international imports. Setting and enforcing regulations on what can be imported (such as Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species CITES) is one approach that has been taken. More information is needed, leaving room to collect trade data and assess the impacts of extraction techniques to find sustainable methods. Demand for species collected this way will be increased with greater transparency to consumers, which can be accomplished through certifications for environmentally cognoscente collectors and those using alternatives like aquaculture and coral farming. Continued participation in Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) is also beneficial. U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. International Trade in Coral and Coral Reef Species: The Role of the United States. Report of the Trade Subgroup of the International Working Group to the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, Washington, D.C.

World Resource Institute International Marinelife Alliance, editor. 1997. Sullied Seas. WRI, Washington D.C.

U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. 2000. The National Action Plan to Conserve Coral Reefs. Washington, D.C.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Collaboration & Partnering; Coral; Corporate Responses; Cultural Policies; Designate Protected Species; Economic Markets & Policies; Environmental Education & Outreach; Invertebrate Harvest; Invertebrates; Live Collection; Manufacturing & Trade; Manufacturing & Trade Policies; Marine Products; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Political Pressure; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Sponges; Stony Coral; Toxics; Wholesale & Retail Trade
Economic Markets & Policy: Create Alternative Livelihoods For Fishermen Many fishermen rely on their catch as their family�s main source of income. When restrictions are placed on fishing it can be to the economic detriment of these fishermen. By creating alternative means of earning income for these fishermen, social and economic goals are accomplished while decreasing pressures on natural fish populations. These alternatives often come in the form of aquaculture, which helps to still meet the demand for fish. Another common alternative is tourism; fishermen can use their knowledge and equipment such as boats to accommodate tourism and recreational fishing. All Islands Coral Reef Committee. Local Action Strategies. United States Coral Reef Task Force Accessed 6/13/2011.

Sumaila, U.R., William W. L. Cheung and Louise The. 2007. Rebuilding Hong Kong's marine fisheries: an evaluation of management options. FCRR 2007, Vol. 15(3), Fisheries Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Cultural Policies; Culture; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Raw Materials; Health; Invertebrates; Large Herbivorous Fish; Social Assistance; Tourism & Recreation
Evaluating Fishing Gear/Method Impacts: Conduct research on the ecological impacts on sanctuary preservation areas of baiting fishing and catch-and-release fishing by trolling It is necessary to asses the ecological effects of catch�and-release fishing by trolling and bait-fishing in order to make informed decisions regarding their provisions in protected areas. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Aquaculture; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Boating Activities; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Coral; Culture; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish Harvest; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Invertebrate Harvest; Live Collection; Physical Damage; Pressures; Recreational Fishing; Reef Habitat; Reef Life; Resource Use Management; Responses; Sectors Filling Human Needs; Socio-Economic Drivers; Tourism & Recreation; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Fishing & Harvesting Management: Derelict Fishing Gear & Ghost Fishing The term "ghost fishing" is used to describe the capture of marine organisms by lost or abandoned fishing gear. This is particularly a problem with gillnets, trammel nets and pots. Gear is usually lost because it becomes stuck on rough bottoms containing corals and stones, causing the buoy line to break during retrieval. Nets or pots may continue to fish for years, with captured fish and crustaceans dying and serving as attracting bait for more fish and organisms. Ghost fishing may therefore represent a serious problem in many areas, causing hidden fishing mortality over a long period of time. This management option co-insides with (#63) Respond to Natural Resource Injuries form Derelict Vessels. Cochrane, K.L., editor. 2002. A Fishery Manager's Guidebook. Management Measures and their application. Fisheries Technical Paper 424, FAO, Rome.

Seas At Risk. 2009. Moving Towards Low Impact Fisheries In Europe Policy Hurdles & Actions.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Arthropods; Artificial Habitat; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Corallivorous Fish; Discharges; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertivorous Fish; Large Herbivorous Fish; Littering; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Marine Debris; Piscivorous Fish; Planktivorous Fish; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Marine Zoning: Sanctuary Preservation Areas (SPAs) This is a type of Marine Zoning used by the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS). SPAs focus on the protection of shallow, heavily used reefs where conflicts occur between user groups, and where concentrated visitor activity leads to resource degradation. They are designed to enhance the reproductive capabilities of renewable resources, protect areas critical for sustaining and protecting important marine species, and reduce user conflicts in high-use areas. This is accomplished through a prohibition of consumptive activities within these areas. They have been chosen based on the status of important habitat, the ability of a particular area to sustain and protect the habitat, the level of visitor use, and the degree of conflict between consumptive and non-consumptive users. The actual size and location of these zones have been determined by examination of user patterns, aerial photography, and ground-truthing of specific habitats. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Aquaculture; Aquarium & Pet Trade; Aquarium Stock; Artisanal Fishing; Beaches & Nature Parks; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Boat Movement; Boating Activities; Boating Regulations; Coastal Defense; Coastal Development; Coastal Engineering; Commercial Fisheries; Commercial Fishing Boats; Complex Habitat & Resources; Cruise Ships; Cultural Services; Decision Support; Designated Uses; Dive, Snorkeling, & Swimming Tourism; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Educational & Research Opportunities; Entertainment & Accommodation Services; Environmental Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Invertebrate Harvest; Landscape Changes; Large Ships; Live Collection; Marine Protected Areas; Oil & Gas Tankers; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Permitting & Zoning; Physical Damage; Public Administration; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Security; Small Boats; Souvenir & Decorative Trade; Supporting Services; Tourism & Recreation; Tourism & Recreation Policies; Trampling; Travel Services & Tour Operators; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage; Water Resources; Water Transportation
Monitor & Research: Biological Status and Trends Monitoring This activity produces long-term comprehensive information on sanctuary-wide status and trends of biological resources. Data that could be collected on coral reef communities includes but is not limited to species abundance and density, biodiversity, benthic cover, coral condition, growth, recruitment, predation, and grazing. Mangroves and seagrasses should also be monitored. With adequate baseline data, changes in community structure and biocriteria can be identified and restoration or protection efforts can be taken. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

Algae; Anemones & Zooanthids; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Aquarium Stock; Biochemical & Genetic Resources; Biocriteria; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Bivalves; Calcareous Macroalgae; Contact Uses; Coral; Coralline Algae; Cyanobacteria; Decision Support; Echinoderms; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Fish; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Hydrocoral; Invasive Species; Invertebrates; Large Herbivorous Fish; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Mangroves; Marine Birds; Marine Products; Marine Vertebrates; Marine Worms; Microorganisms; Molluscs; Octocoral; Octopus & Squid; Ornamental Jewelry & Art; Pathogens; Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Sources; Physical Damage; Primary Production; Provisioning Services; Resource Use Management; Sea Turtles; Sea Urchins; Seagrasses; Seastars; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Snails & Conch; Sponges; Stony Coral; Tunicates; Wetlands; Whales & Dolphins
Public Participation: Assist Seafood Watch Assist Seafood Watch and other sustainable seafood consumption initiatives, in their efforts to educate the public and promote sustainable seafood. The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) the Tour Opperators' Iniative (TOI) and The Center for Environmental Leadership in Business (CELB). 2003. A Practical Guide to Good Practice: Managing Environmental Impacts In The Marine Recreation Sector.

SeafoodWatch. 2005. Sustainable Seafood Business Practices. Monteray Bay.

Accidental & Illegal Harvest; Apex Fish Predators; Aquaculture; Artisanal Fishing; Biological Harvest; Collaboration & Partnering; Commercial Fisheries; Corallivorous Fish; Environmental Education & Outreach; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Finfish Harvest; Fish; Fisheries & Hunting Policies; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Invertebrate Harvest; Large Herbivorous Fish; Live Collection; Lobster, Crab, & Shrimp; Molluscs; Provisioning Services; Recreational Fishing; Sectors Filling Human Needs
Regulatory Review and Development: Evaluate Aquaculture/Mariculture Regulations This will help determine if there is a need to establish mariculture operations regulations and proceed accordingly. This would help satisfy the commercial demand for fish while taking pressure off of the wild species. Such regulations should consider where, when and what species of mariculture are allowable. The environmental impact mariculture has can vary depending on current, depth and distance to land, making location and even season important. The species being cultured is also an important consideration, especially if they are non-native or different genetically from the local natural population as escapes may occur. NOAA Marine Sanctuary Program. 2007. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary revised management plan. National Ocean Service, Key West, FL.

NEPA. 1998. MARICULTURE DRAFT POLICY AND REGULATION NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION AUTHORITY COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT DIVISION. National Environment & Planning agency.

Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Aquaculture; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Commercial Fisheries; Contact Uses; Designated Uses; Domestic Animal Waste; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Food & Energy Policies; Food & Raw Materials; Invasive Species; Resource Use Management; Supplemental Feeding
Restoration: Removal of Invasive Algae Benthic organisms on reefs maintain a delicate balance competing for space. In many areas, the competition between coral and algae has fallen out of balance due to confounding factors. Factors such as decreased herbivorous fish and invertebrates, and invasive algae species have allowed faster growing algae to take over many reefs, often growing into smothering mats that cover and kill coral. In Hawaii, there has been some success physically removing invasive algae such as Kappaphycus using underwater vacuums extended down from barges or volunteer events in shallower areas. The Nature Conservancy. 2010.Two Million Pounds of Invasive Algae Removed From Maunalua Bay.

(not cited)

Algae; Aquaculture; Biological Addition; Biological Harvest; Biological Monitoring & Restoration; Biological Monitoring, Mapping, & Scientific Research; Calcareous Macroalgae; Collaboration & Partnering; Coral; Coralline Algae; Decision Support; Ecosystem Monitoring & Restoration; Escape & Release of Non-natives; Fishing & Harvesting Management; Fishing Sector; Fleshy Macroalgae; Hydrocoral; Invasive Species; Large Herbivorous Fish; Octocoral; Reef Habitat; Skeletal Coral; Small Herbivorous Fish; Stony Coral; Turf Algae; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Zooxanthellae
Restoration: Land Reclamation Integrating Toxic Discharge Controls This option aims to eliminate unsightly residues, reduce erosion and control acid or otherwise toxic aqueous discharges from abandoned coal mines, coalmine waste or other types of land change. For toxic mine drainage, preventative actions include mine sealing, infiltration control, day lighting, and neutralization with alkaline material such as hydrated lime. Which action to take relies heavily on groundwater and runoff in the region of the mine. Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. National Handbook of Conservation Practices. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Aquaculture; Coal Mining; Discharge Limitations; Discharges; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Hydrologic Management; Mineral, Rock, & Metal Mining; Mining; Mining Policies; Non-point Source Controls; Ocean Acidity; Surface & Groundwater Flow; Toxics; Waterborne Discharges

Laws

Legal Citation Purpose of Law Management Organization Database Topics
Sovereign submerged lands management, 18-21 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2006). To manage, protect, and enhance sovereignty lands so that the public may continue to enjoy traditional uses, including, but not limited to, navigation, fishing and swimming, public drinking water supply, shellfish harvesting, public recreation, and fish and wildlife propagation and management.

Application to Coral Reefs:Permitting activities on submerged lands owned by Florida will improve water quality which will indirectly protect reef systems.

Legislative Actions:These rules are to implement the administration and management responsibilities of the board and department regarding sovereign submerged lands. Responsibility for environmental permitting of activities and water quality protection on sovereign lands is vested with the Department of Environmental Protection. These rules are considered cumulative.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
State Coastal Waters 		Anchoring & Vessel Grounding; Aquaculture; Beach & Land Formation; Coastal Defense; Commercial Fisheries; Construction Codes & Projects; Docks & Marinas; Dredging Regulations; Dredging, Draining, & Filling; Energy Policy & Development; Existence Value & Sense of Place; Oil & Gas Research & Exploration; Pipelines; Point Source Discharges; Ports & Harbors; Recreational Fishing; Recreational Opportunities; Resource Use Management; Seawater Flow; Sediment; Shoreline Protection; Trawling & Fishing Gear Damage
Total maximum daily loads, 62-304 Florida Administrative Code Annotated (2006). The Chapter establishes Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs), and their allocations, for waters that have been verified to be impaired by a pollutant pursuant to Chapter 62-303. F.A.C.

Application to Coral Reefs:By regulating the amount of pollutants that will be allowed to be discharged into major waterbodies of the state, the amount of pollutants reaching estuarine and then marine environments, and eventually coral reefs, will assist in protecting the reefs and other habitats.

Legislative Actions:The planning list of impaired water bodies has been completed. Data on each water bodies has been collected. DEP is in the process of calculating TMDLs for each water body.

Comments: 		Florida Department of Envitonmental Protection

Jurisdiction:
United States; State Coastal Waters 		Agriculture, Aquaculture, & Forestry Policies; Aquaculture; Ballast Discharge; Biomedical Research Policies; Coastal Development; Deforestation & Devegetation; Ditching & Soil Disturbance; Dredging Regulations; Finfish & Shellfish Stock; Impervious Surfaces; Irrigation; Landuse Management; Metals, Electronics, & Machinery Products; Nutrient & Contaminant Processing; Nutrients; Physical & Chemical Water Quality Criteria; Point Source Discharges; Resource Use Management; Sediment; Sewage Treatment; Shoreline Armoring; Solid Waste Disposal; Waste Management Policies; Wastewater Discharge; Wetland & Reef Restoration; Wood, Plastics, & Chemical Products

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