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1993 Proceedings of the Midwest Oak Savanna Conferences1993 Proceedings of the Midwest Oak Savanna Conferences

MECHANISMS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE RE-VEGETATION OF A FORMER OAK BARRENS AFTER REMOVAL OF THE CANOPY 

TABLES


Return to Main Document 

 

TABLE 1 
1985 VEGETATION SAMPLING DATA

SPECIES

 PERCENT FREQUENCY
Woodland Species

-
Acer Negundo

3.3
Carya cordiformis

3.3
Circaea quadrisulcata

53.3
Desmodium glutinosum

10.0
Fragaria virginiana

10.0
Osmmorhiza lonmgistylis

13.0
Parthenicissus vitacea

10.0
Phryma leptostachya

16.6
Prunus serotina

66.6
Ribes cynosbati

3.3
Rubus allegheniensis

60.0
Smilacina racemosa

3.3
Smilacina stellata

30.0
Vitis riparia

6.6
Prairie/Savanna Species

-
Quercus velutina/ellipsoidalis complex

20.0
Alien Species

-
Convalaria majalis

3.3
Lonicera x bella

46.6
Rhamnus cathartica

6.6

 

TABLE 2 
SPECIES NOT FOUND IN QUADRATS BUT OBSERVED 
GROWING ON THE SITE IN 1985

WOODLAND SPECIES 
  • Amelanchier sp. 
  • Cornus racemosa 
  • Geum canadense 
  • Helianthus divaricatus 
  • Hydrophyllum virginianum 
  • Prunus sp. 
  • Rubus occidentalis 
  • Rubus strigosus 
  • Sambucus canadensis 
  • Sanicula marilandica 
 PRAIRIE/SAVANNA SPECIES 
  • Ambrosia artemisiifolia 
  • Galium triflorum 
  • Quercus macrocarpa 
  • Rosa sp. 
  • Tradescantia ohiensis 
BEACH SPECIES 
  • Latuca scariola 

ALIEN SPECIES 

  • Morus alba 
  • Nepeta cataria 
  • Syringa vulgaria 

 

 

TABLE 3
SPECIES COMPOSITION OF THE 1985 SEED BANK

SPECIES NUMBER OF
GERMINANTS
Woodland Species
Rubus sp.

13
Juncus tenuis

3
Fragaria virginiana

1
Potentilla simplex

3
Thuja occidentalis

1
Prairie/Savanna Species
Anaphalis margaritacea

3
Aster simplex

1
Carex muhlenbergii

3
Cyperus filiculmis

14
Eragrostis spectabilis

11
Gnaphalium obtusifolium

1
Linaria canadensis

1
Solidago nemoralis

2
Aquatic Species
Typha sp.

1
Alien Species
Chenopodium album

2
Lonicera x bella

1
Oxalis stricta

4
Panicum capillare

2
Verbascum thapsus

13
Unidentified

11
TOTAL

91

 

 

TABLE 4 
SPECIES COMPOSITION OF THE 1985 SEED RAIN

TR BGCOLOR="#FFFF80">
SPECIES NUMBER OF
GERMINANTS
Woodland Species
Geum canadense

1
Lactuca sp.

1
Prairie/Savanna Species
Anaphalis margaritacea

4
Conyza canadensis

9
Quercus sp.

26
Beach Species
Potentila norvegica

2
Alien Species
Cirsium arvense

2
Cirsium vulgare

1
Lonicera x bella

6
Morus alba

7
Oxalis stricta

13
Poa pratensis

1
Rhamnus acetosella

1
Rumex acetosella

3
Unknown dicots

25
Unknown monocots

17
TOTAL

119

 

 

TABLE 5 
SPECIES THAT INCREASED IN
FREQUENCY AFTER TREATMENT

SPECIES PERCENT
1985		 FREQUENCY
1986
Woodland Species
Apocynum androsaemifolium

-

6.6
Circaea quadrisulcata

53.5

60.0
Geum canadense

-

33.3
Hackelia virginiana

-

3.3
Helianthus divaricatus

-

3.3
Lactuca biennis

-

3.3
Osmorhiza longistylis

13.0

20.0
Phryma leptostachya

16.6

30.0
Rubus allegheinienis

60.0

73.3
Rubus occidentalis

-

13.3
Smilacina racemosa

3.3

6.6
Prairie/Savanna Species
Quercus macrocarpa

-

23.3
Tradescantia ohiensis

-

10.0
Alien Species
Chenopodium album

-

6.6
Cirsium vulgare

-

10.0
Nepeta cataria

-

3.3
Rhamnus cathartica

6.6

36.6
Solanum nigrum

-

10.0

 

 

TABLE 6 
NEW SPECIES OBSERVED-ONLY ON 
THE SITE AFTER TREATMENT

WOODLAND SPECIES 
  • Polygonatum biflorum 
PRAIRIE/SAVANNA SPECIES 
  • Antennaria plantaginifolia 
  • Conyza canadensis 
  • Cyperus filiculmis 
  • Oenothera biennis 
  • Rhus glabra 
  • Solidago nemoralis 
  • Verbena urticifolia 
 ALIEN SPECIES 
  • Asparagus officinalis 
  • Cirsium arvense 
  • Digitaria sanguinalis 
  • Panicum capillare 
  • Poa pratensis 
  • Rumex acetosella 
  • Taraxacum officinale 
  • Verbascum thapsus 

 

 

TABLE 7 
QUADRAT SAMPLING DATA

SPECIES PERCENT
1985		 FREQUENCY
1985
Acer negundo

3.3

-
Apocynum androsaemifolium

-

6.6
Chenopodium album

-

6.6
Carya cordiformis

3.3

-
Circaea quadrisulcata

53.3

60.0
Convalaria majalis

3.3

-
Desmodium glutinosum

10.0

-
Cirsium vulgare

-

10.0
Fragaria virginiana

3.3

3.3
Geum canadense

-

33.3
Hackelia virginiana

-

3.3
Helianthus divaricatus

-

3.3
Lactuca biennis

-

3.3
Lonicera x bella

46.6

40.0
Nepeta cataria

-

3.3
Osmorhiza longistylis

13.3

20.0
Parthenocissus vitacea

10.0

3.3
Phryma leptostachya

16.6

30.0
Prunus serotina

66.6

66.6
Quercus macrocarpa

-

23.3
Quercus velutina

20.0

13.3
Rhamnus cathartica

6.6

36.6
Rhus glabra

-

3.3
Ribes cynosbati

3.3

-
Rubus allegheniensis

60.0

73.3
Rubus occidentalis

-

13.3
Smilacina racemosa

3.3

6.6
Smilacina stellata

30.0

13.3
Solanum nigrum

-

10.0
Tradescantia ohiensis

-

10.0
Vitis riparia

6.6

3.3

 

TABLE 8 
SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE 1985 STANDING VEGETATION, 
SEED BANK AND SEED RAIN

SPECIES STANDING
VEGETATION		 SEED
BANK		 SEED
RAIN
Acer negundo

sa

-

-
Ambrosia artemesiafolia

ob

-

-
Amelanchier sp.

ob

-

-
Anaphalis margaritacea

-

8

4
Apocynum androsaemifolium

ob

-

-
Aster simplex

-

1

-
Carex mullenbergia

-

3

-
Carya cordiformis

sa

-

-
Chenopodium album

-

2

-
Cirsaea quadrisulcate

sa

-

-
Cirsium arvense

-

-

2
C. vulgare

-

-

1
Convallaria majalis

sa

-

-
Conyza canadensis

-

-

9
Cornus racemosa

ob

-

-
Cyperus filliculmis

-

14

-
Desmodium glutinosum

sa

-

-
Eragrostis spectabilis

-

10

-
Fragaria virginiana

sa

1

-
Galium triflorum

ob

-

-
Geum canadense

ob

-

1
Gnaphalium obtusifolium

-

1

-
Helianthus divaricatus

ob

-

-
Hydrophyllum virginiana

ob

-

-
Juncus tenuis

-

3

-
Lactuca sp.

ob

-

1
Linaria canadensis

-

1

-
Lonicera x bella

sa

1

6
Morus alba

ob

-

7
Neptea cataria

ob

-

-
Osmorhiza longistylis

sa

-

-
Oxalis stricta

-

4

13
Panicum capillare

-

2

-
Parthenocissus vitacea

sa

-

-
Phryma leptostachya

sa

-

-
Poa pratensis

-

-

1
Potentilla norvegica

-

-

2
P. simplex

-

3

-
Prunus serotina

sa

-

-
Prunus sp.

ob

-

-
Quercus macrocarpa

ob

-

*26
Q. velutina/ellipsoidalis

sa

-

-
Rhamnus cathartica

sa

-

1
Ribes cynosbati

sa

-

-
Rosa sp.

ob

-

-
Rubus allegheniensis

sa

**13

-
R. occidentalis

ob

-

-
R. strigosus

ob

-

-
Rumex acetosella

-

-

3
Sambucus canadensis

ob

-

-
Sanicula marilandica

ob

-

-
Smilacena racemosa

sa

-

-
S. stellata

sa

-

-
Solidago nemoralis

-

2

-
Syringa vulgaris

ob

-

-
Thuja occidentalis

-

1

-
Tradescantia ohiensis

ob