nSources
•Formed in the atmosphere from precursors NOX and VOC
nEffects
•Respiratory stressor
•Crop and forest
damage
nTrends
•U.S. average
concentration down 20%
over past 20 years
•40+ urban areas
routinely exceed the 8-hr
standard, many in the
Mid-Atlantic U.S.
•Concentrations found
to damage human health
are set progressively
lower
•
•