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Timothy J. Canfield
Mr. Canfield is an ecologist in GWERD's Ecosystem and Subsurface Protection Branch. He has a B.S. in Biology from Bates College in Lewiston, Maine, and an M.S. in Fisheries and Wildlife (Limnology) from the University of Missouri-Columbia in Columbia, Missouri. Prior to coming to EPA in 1997, Mr. Canfield worked a combination of 12 years for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Biological Survey/Service, U.S. Geological Survey all at the National Fisheries and Contaminant Research Center in Columbia, Missouri, where he conducted research in evaluating the effects of sediment contamination on resident benthic invertebrate populations as part of an integrated assessment of several areas, including priority sites in the Great Lakes, Superfund sites in Montana and Missouri, the Upper Mississippi River, and military sites in Aberdeen, Maryland. As a result of this work, Mr. Canfield continues to participate on a multi-agency, multi-national work group to develop sediment assessment guidelines for use in the United States and Canada.
During the 15 years Mr. Canfield has been with EPA, he has worked primarily in the area of ecosystem restoration research and risk management for EPA's National Risk Management Research Laboratory. As part of the first 7-10 years of effort Mr. Canfield has been involved in four funded research projects looking at the broad spectrum of ecosystem restoration research questions. The four areas of research effort include:
- Evaluating the fate and effects of non-target stressors entering wetlands constructed for wastewater treatment
- Evaluating the fate and effects of changing amounts and ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus on algal communities
- Assessing the assimilative capacity of watersheds to mitigate stressors through the use of invertebrate deformities as markers of stressor overload
- Evaluating the effect of restoring wetlands in riparian buffer areas on in-stream water quality with a focus on the total load of nutrients and sediments entering these stream areas from agricultural field runoff
Over the last 5-7 years Mr. Canfield has been focusing much of his time in the area of Decision Support Framework (DSF) development as a co-lead for the National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL)- Ecosystem Services Research Program (ESRP) DSF team and in the area of wetlands and water quality trading. These efforts are on-going but have morphed into the New Safe and Healthy Communities Research Program (SHCRP) where Mr. Canfield is the Task Lead for the SHCRP Wetlands Program. In this effort Mr. Canfield works with colleagues from NERL, NHHERL, and NRMRL to conduct research projects that are leading to Sustainable Wetlands and the managing of the delivery of Ecosystem services provided by those wetlands. In his capacity as Wetlands Task Lead Mr. Canfield coordinates and tracks project deliverables and milestones for each wetlands project and works with the Matrix Interface (MI) to report on these products and milestones. Mr. Canfield is the Team Leader for the Riparian and Estuarine Restoration Research Team at GWERD. Mr. Canfield has served as the Chair of ASTM Committee E47 on Biological Fate and Environmental Effects (2001-2006), on the Board of Directors for SETAC North America [(2005-2010, SNA Vice President (2008), SNA President (2009), SNA Immediate Past President (2010)] and on the World Council for SETAC Global [2008-2013, SWC Vice President (2011), SWC President (2012), SWC Immediate Past President (2013)].
Mr. Canfield's primary research areas are wetland restoration and decision-support systems.